Except for Shareholders, the following are typical departments within an organization. It is option A.
A shareholder of corporate stock is a person or legal entity that is registered as the legal owner of shares of a public or private corporation's share capital. A corporation's shareholders can also be referred to as its members.
The company is essentially owned by shareholders, who also have certain rights and responsibilities. They are able to benefit from the success of a business thanks to this type of ownership.
These benefits come in the form of higher stock prices or dividends paid out on financial gains. A company's shareholders are, in effect, the financial backers of the business.
They give money to an organization by buying partakes in the organization, and consequently become investors - and part proprietors of the organization.
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For each of the following scenarios, state whether
descriptive, predictive, or prescriptive analytics tools
would most likely be used.
a. The chief financial officer for a small manufacturing firm would like to estimate the net profit that the firm could expect over the next three
years.
The chief financial officer for a small manufacturing firm would like to estimate the net profit that the firm could expect over the next three years. This, scenarios was based on predictive.
In order to examine past data and anticipate future occurrences or trends, predictive analytics use statistical models and artificial intelligence algorithms.
In this instance, the CFO would study past financial data using predictive analytics methods to forecast the net profit that the company could expect over the following three years.
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during fiscal 2018, shoe productions recorded inventory purchases on credit of $537.8 million. the financial statement effect of these purchase transactions would be to:
The inventory purchases made on credit would have an impact on the financial statements by raising inventory and accounts payable on the balance sheet and decreasing net income on the income statement.
Inventory, or stock in British English, refers to the goods and supplies that a business keeps on hand with the idea of selling them, utilizing them in production, or utilising them for other purposes.
Inventory management's primary goal is to specify the dimensions, configuration, and placement of goods that are kept in storage. There are various locations inside a plant or throughout a supply network where production and material stock must occur before the regular and scheduled course.
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Related to the Economics in Practice on p. 25: One reason for the increase in sales of frozen foods from $1 billion in 1950 to $44 billion in 2012 is the Select one: a. decrease in popularity of the microwave oven. b. decrease in the number of women in the labor force. c. increased opportunity cost of preparing home-cooked meals. d. increased opportunity cost of cooking frozen meals.
The correct option is c. increased opportunity cost of preparing home-cooked meals. One reason for the increase in sales of frozen foods from $1 billion in 1950 to $44 billion in 2012 is increased opportunity cost of preparing home-cooked meals.
The increase in sales of frozen foods can be attributed to the fact that people have become busier and have less time to prepare home-cooked meals. As a result, the opportunity cost of spending time cooking meals has increased, making it more appealing to buy frozen foods that can be quickly and easily prepared.
Opportunity cost is the cost of the next best alternative that must be forgone in order to pursue a certain action or decision. In this case, the opportunity cost of preparing home-cooked meals has increased because people have become busier and have less time to spend on cooking. This means that the time and effort spent on cooking a meal at home could be used for other activities such as work, studying, spending time with family, or pursuing hobbies.
As a result, people are more likely to choose the option that offers the greatest benefit or convenience for their time and effort. Frozen foods provide a quick and easy alternative to home-cooked meals, which is why their sales have increased over the years. The convenience of being able to quickly heat up a frozen meal after a long day at work or when time is limited has made it a popular choice for many people.
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A retail store like Sears aiming to be a one-stop shopping experience is a O specialty store O supermarket department store o online retailer O discount store Which one of the following is false about retailing? Retail stores can be classified by the level of service they provide. O Retailers may be independent, part of a chain, or a franchise. Retailing depends on the purchase size. O Retailing is the act of selling to the final consumer. Destination stores draw customers in from a large radius Which element of the promotional mix has a strong pull strategy? Social media Sales promotions O Personal selling O Public relations Advertising The source function of business logistics involves o inventory control and sourcing & procurement o information systems O transportation o production and warehousing o the sourcing of customers
The fallacious definition of retailing is "Retailing depends on the purchase size." A department store is a retailer like Sears that aims to provide customers with a one-stop shopping experience.
Retailing is not always based on the value of the purchase. No matter the amount of the purchase, retailing is the act of selling goods or services to the final customer. Retailing encompasses all customer purchases, no matter how big or small.
The following claims are accurate:
By the grade of service they offer, retail establishments can be categorised.
Retailers might operate alone, as a franchise, or as a part of a chain.
Selling to the ultimate customer is known as retailing.
Destination stores attract shoppers from a wide area.
Regarding the element of the promotional mix with a strong pull strategy, it is advertising. Advertising aims to create consumer demand and pull customers toward the product or service being promoted.
The false statement about retailing is "Retailing depends on the purchase size." Retailing is not dependent on the purchase size but rather on the act of selling to the final consumer.
The element of the promotional mix that has a strong pull strategy is advertising. Advertising is designed to create awareness and generate interest among the target audience, pulling them towards the product or service being promoted.
The source function of business logistics involves inventory control and sourcing & procurement, which includes managing inventory levels and acquiring goods from suppliers.
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the use of peer-to-peer services such as uber is an example of this type of economy: group of answer choices progressive socialistic sharing unplanned
The use of peer-to-peer services such as Uber is an example of the sharing economy. The sharing economy, also known as the collaborative economy or the gig economy, is a socio-economic system in which individuals can share resources, goods, or services directly with each other through online platforms or marketplaces.
In the case of Uber, individuals can use their personal vehicles to provide transportation services to others through the Uber platform. This allows for a more efficient utilization of existing resources (private vehicles and drivers) and provides an alternative to traditional taxi or transportation services. The sharing economy has gained popularity and has disrupted various industries, including transportation, accommodation (e.g., Airbnb), and other services. It offers benefits such as increased flexibility, cost savings, convenience, and access to a broader range of services. However, it also raises questions and challenges related to regulation, labor rights, consumer protection, and the overall impact on traditional industries and employment.
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Which of the following statements regarding financial strengths and weaknesses is(are) CORRECT?
1. Inadequate retirement savings is a financial weakness.
2. Very general financial goals are considered a financial strength.
3. Determining financial strengths and weaknesses is an objective process.
4. Lack of a valid will is considered a financial weakness if a will is necessary to protect the interest of heirs.
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 4
C. 3 and 4
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4
The correct statement regarding financial strengths and weaknesses is: B. 1 and 4
Explanation:
Inadequate retirement savings is a financial weakness because it indicates a lack of preparedness for future financial needs.
Very general financial goals are not considered a financial strength. Financial goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) to be effective.
Determining financial strengths and weaknesses is a subjective process. Different individuals or experts may have varying opinions based on their perspectives and criteria.
Lack of a valid will is considered a financial weakness if a will is necessary to protect the interests of heirs. Without a will, the distribution of assets may not align with the individual's wishes and could lead to potential complications.
Therefore, statements 1 and 4 are correct, while statements 2 and 3 are not necessarily accurate.
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sakait has done some extra work to appease a client. now the client is asking her to do one more task, which is significant and not part of project scope. what should sakait do?
If a client is asking Sakait to do a task that is not part of the project scope, then she should approach the situation professionally. Sakait should review the client's request, and determine if the request is feasible to complete without disrupting the current project scope or affecting the project deadline.
She can also provide an estimated cost for the extra work that would have to be done. In this case, Sakait can:
1. Explain that the new request is outside the project scope, and provide a valid explanation to the client.
2. Provide the client with an estimate of the cost to complete the additional task and the timeline.
3. If the client agrees to the additional work, Sakait should ensure the details of the work are documented to avoid confusion later.
If the extra work is not feasible, and the client insists that the work be completed, Sakait should decline the request. In this case, Sakait would have to explain the reasons to the client why the extra work cannot be performed without disrupting the project schedule or causing other significant problems.
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Address whether the financial information is appropriately presented and described, and disclosures are clearly expressed
Address whether the financial information is suitably introduced and depicted and whether divulgences are clearly expressed in classification and Understandability.
The option (A) is correct.
Disclosures come toward the finish of a fiscal report, sharing non-monetary data to give setting to the financials. This data helps financial backers, banks, and others pursue the most ideal choices.
This affirmation connects with all financial information and revelations being clear and effectively reasonable by the budget report client. The essential concern is that fiscal summaries are muddled or deluding. Fiscal summaries are vital to financial backers since they can give data about an organization's income, costs, productivity, obligation burden, and capacity to meet its present moment.
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This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
Address whether the financial information is appropriately presented and described, and disclosures are clearly expressed:
(A) in classification and Understandability.
(B) Assertions about presentation and disclosure
(C) Occurence Assertion
mr . and mrs . blake suffered two casualty losses this year . mr . blake ' s wallet containing $1,300 cash was stolen , and their uninsured sailboat ( basis $67,000; fmv $50.000) was destroyed by a tsunami ( federally declared disaster ). compute the blakes ' itemized deduction for casualty losses if their agi was $112,200. multiple choice $39,880 $55,680 $38.680 none of these choices are correct .
Therefore, the Blakes' itemized deduction for casualty losses is $38,680. The correct answer is C) $38,680.
To compute the itemized deduction for casualty losses, we need to determine the deductible amount for each casualty loss and then add them together.
Theft of Mr. Blake's wallet:
The deductible amount for theft is determined by subtracting $100 from the loss and then reducing it by 10% of the adjusted gross income (AGI). In this case, the loss is $1,300, and the AGI is $112,200. So, the deductible amount for the theft is calculated as follows:
$1,300 - $100 - (10% * $112,200) = $1,300 - $100 - $11,220 = $1,300 - $11,320 = $-10,020
Since the deductible amount cannot be negative, the deductible amount for the theft is $0.
Destruction of the uninsured sailboat:
The deductible amount for a casualty loss due to a federally declared disaster is determined by subtracting $100 from the loss and then reducing it by 10% of the AGI. In this case, the loss is the lesser of the adjusted basis ($67,000) or the fair market value (FMV) after the casualty ($50,000). So, the deductible amount for the destruction of the sailboat is calculated as follows:
$50,000 - $100 - (10% * $112,200) = $50,000 - $100 - $11,220 = $50,000 - $11,320 = $38,680
Now we add the deductible amounts for both losses together:
$0 (theft) + $38,680 (sailboat destruction) = $38,680
The correct answer is C) $38,680.
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------------The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
"Mr. and Mrs. Blake suffered two casualty losses this year. Mr. Blake's wallet containing $1,300 cash was stolen, and their uninsured sailboat (basis $67,000; FMV $50,000) was destroyed by a tsunami (a federally declared disaster). Compute the Blakes' itemized deduction for casualty losses if their AGI was $112,200.
A) $39,880
B) $55,680
C) $38,680
D) None of the above."----------------
according to the hersey-blanchard situational leadership model, a leader should try to when group members are able, willing, and confident.
According to the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model, a leader should try to delegate when group members are able, willing, and confident.
The Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model proposes that effective leadership is determined by the readiness level of group members. Readiness refers to the extent to which individuals have the ability and willingness to perform a specific task or goal.
In this model, leadership behavior is categorized into four styles: telling, selling, participating, and delegating. The appropriate leadership style depends on the readiness level of the group members.
When group members are able (possess the necessary skills and knowledge), willing (have the motivation and enthusiasm), and confident (feel self-assured in their abilities), the leader's role should shift towards delegation. Delegation involves granting group members a high degree of autonomy and decision-making authority, allowing them to take ownership and responsibility for their tasks.
At this stage, group members are considered self-directed and competent, requiring minimal supervision and guidance. The leader's role is to provide support, resources, and a supportive work environment while entrusting the group members with decision-making and task execution.
By delegating tasks to capable and willing group members, the leader fosters their development, enhances their sense of empowerment, and promotes their growth and autonomy.
It's important to note that the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model emphasizes the importance of adapting leadership styles to match the readiness level of group members. Effective leaders assess and respond to the needs and capabilities of their team members to provide the appropriate level of support and guidance.
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which of the following is not one of the categories of consumer products that buyers use for their personal use? multiple choice question. shopping products convenience products specialty products associated products
Associated products are not one of the categories of consumer products used for personal use. It refers to complementary or related products rather than product categories for personal consumption.
Among the given options, "associated products" is not one of the categories of consumer products used for personal use. The other three categories are commonly recognized in marketing and consumer behavior:
1. Shopping products: These are products that buyers compare and evaluate based on factors such as price, quality, and features before making a purchase decision.
2. Convenience products: These are products that buyers purchase frequently and with minimal efforts, such as everyday household items like toiletries, snacks, or beverages.
3. Specialty products: These are products with unique characteristics or brand associations that buyers are willing to exert extra effort to obtain. They often have limited distribution and a distinct target market.
Associated products, however, are not a widely recognized category in the context of consumer products. It is not typically used to describe products used for personal consumption but rather refers to complementary or related products that are associated or bundled together, often sold as a package or part of a larger offering.
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The "triple bottom line" includes all of the following EXCEPT
Social
Enivironmental
Economic
Corporate
Corporate. The triple bottom line is a framework that considers three main dimensions of sustainability: social, environmental, and economic.
It emphasizes the idea that organizations should not only focus on financial profitability (corporate), but also on their social and environmental impacts. The social aspect of the triple bottom line refers to the social well-being and impacts of an organization on its employees, customers, communities, and other stakeholders. It involves considerations such as fair labor practices, human rights, community engagement, and social responsibility. The environmental aspect of the triple bottom line relates to the organization's environmental impact, including its efforts to reduce resource consumption, minimize pollution, promote sustainability, and mitigate climate change. The economic aspect of the triple bottom line takes into account the financial performance and economic viability of the organization. It considers factors such as profitability, cost-effectiveness, economic growth, and the creation of value for shareholders.
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The "triple bottom line" refers to a framework that considers three dimensions of sustainability: social, environmental, and economic. It aims to assess the performance of an organization or business not only based on its financial profits (economic), but also on its social and environmental impact. Therefore, the triple bottom line includes the social, environmental, and economic aspects. However, it does not explicitly include the term "corporate" as one of the dimensions.
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if you wanted to collect plankton at exactly 10m, 50m, 100m, 200m, 500m, and 1000m depth, which of the following would be the most appropriate sampling method to use:
The most appropriate sampling method would be vertical tow or plankton net sampling.
The most appropriate sampling method to collect plankton at specific depths would be a vertical tow or plankton net sampling method. This involves lowering a net or device into the water column to the desired depth and then towing it horizontally for a certain distance to capture plankton. By adjusting the towing speed and duration, plankton can be collected from specific depth intervals. This method allows for targeted sampling at multiple depths and provides a representative sample of plankton communities at each depth. Other sampling methods like water bottle sampling or sediment sampling would not be suitable for collecting plankton at specific depths.
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On August 14, Second Street Bank lent $210,000 to City Restaurant on a 75 day, 7% note. What is the maturity date of the note? A. Oct. 28 B. Oct. 30 O C. Oct. 27 Oct. 29 O D.
The maturity date of the note is October 28. Thus, option A is correct. A note, draught, acceptance bond, or other debt instrument's principal amount becomes due on the maturity date.
The principal investment is returned to the investor on this date, which is often printed on the certificate of the relevant instrument. At the same time, the interest payments that had been accruing over the bond's life stopped. The phrase "maturity date" also refers to the deadline (due date) for making a final payment on an installment loan.
Bonds are categorized according to their maturity dates into three broad groups: short-term (one to three years), medium-term (10 years or more), and long-term (usually 30-year Treasury bonds).
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On August 14, Second Street Bank lent $210,000 to City Restaurant on a 75-day, 7% note. The maturity date of the note is October 27.
The maturity date of the note can be calculated by adding the number of days in the note to the date the note was issued.
Given that Second Street Bank lent $210,000 to City Restaurant on a 75-day, 7% note on August 14.
To calculate the maturity date, we need to add 75 days to August 14.
To do that, we can use the following calculation:
75 days from August 14 is September 28.
Counting forward from September 28, we can find the day on which the note will mature.
Adding one day to September 28 will give us September 29.
Then, adding 28 days to September 29 will give us October 27.
Therefore, the maturity date of the note is October 27.
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select journal entry from the new icon. debit a fixed asset original cost account and credit notes payable
To record the purchase of a fixed asset with notes payable, the following journal entry would be appropriate, Debit: Fixed Asset - Original Cost, Credit: Notes Payable.
The debit to the Fixed Asset - Original Cost account represents an increase in the value of the fixed asset being acquired. This account is debited to reflect the cost of the asset being recorded on the company's books.
The credit to the Notes Payable account indicates that the company has incurred a liability in the form of a note payable to finance the purchase of the fixed asset. This liability is credited to record the increase in the company's obligations.
Please note that the specific account names used may vary depending on the company's chart of accounts and accounting practices.
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Computing Return on Equity Starbucks reports net income for 2015 of $2,956.4 million. Its stockholders' equity is 56,527 million and $7,073 million for 2014 and 2015, respectivel a. Compute its return on equity for 2015. Round answer to one decimal place (ex: 0.2345 = 23.5%) 96 b. Starbucks repurchased over $1.4 billion of its common stock in 2015. Did this repurchase increase or decrease Starbucks' ROE? CROE usually decreases since the repurchase of shares reduces the denominator (avg, stockholders' equity). CROE usually increases since the repurchase of shares reduces the denominator (avg. stockholders' equity). OROE usually increases since the repurchase of shares increases the denominator (avg, stockholders' equity). OROE usually decreases since the repurchase of shares increases the denominator (avg. stockholders' equity). c. If Starbucks had not repurchased common stock in 2015, what would ROE have been? Note: Round answer to one decimal place (example: 20.6%),
If Starbucks had not repurchased common stock in 2015, the ROE would have been approximately 5.23%.
a. To compute the return on equity (ROE) for 2015, we use the formula:
Given:
Net Income for 2015 = $2,956.4 million
Stockholders' Equity for 2014 = $56,527 million
Stockholders' Equity for 2015 = $7,073 million
To calculate the average stockholders' equity, we add the equity for 2014 and 2015 and divide by 2:
Average Stockholders' Equity = (56,527 + 7,073) / 2 = 31,800 million
Now we can calculate the ROE:
ROE = (2,956.4 / 31,800) * 100 ≈ 9.29%
Therefore, the return on equity for Starbucks in 2015 is approximately 9.29%.
b. The repurchase of common stock in 2015 would decrease Starbucks' ROE. The statement "CROE is correct.
c. To calculate the ROE if Starbucks had not repurchased common stock in 2015, we need to use the original stockholders' equity for 2015.
ROE = (2,956.4 / 56,527) * 100 ≈ 5.23%
If Starbucks had not repurchased common stock in 2015, the ROE would have been approximately 5.23%.
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If the price elasticity of supply is 1.5, and a price increase led to a 3% increase in quantity supplied, then the price increase is about
Select one:
a. 0.2%.
b. 0.5%.
c. 2.0%.
d. 4.5%
In the event, the price elasticity of supply is 1.5, and a cost increment prompted a 3% increment in the amount provided, then the price increase is approximately 2.0%.
The option (C) is correct.
To work out the rate change in price, we can utilize the recipe:
Percentage change in price = (Percentage change in quantity supplied) / Price elasticity of supply
Considering that the price elasticity of supply is 1.5 and the amount provided expanded by 3%, we can substitute these qualities into the recipe:
Percentage change in price = (3%) / 1.5
Percentage change in price = 2%
Therefore, the price increase is approximately 2%.
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The different types of products a company carries is referred to as the _________ within product type is referred to as the ________ of the product line. depth and width modification and extension width and depth extension and modification None of options listed
The different types of products a company carries is referred to as the product mix, whereas the width and depth of the product line refer to the variety and number of products within a specific product category.
The different types of products a company carries is referred to as the product mix, while the depth and width within a product type is referred to as the product line. Product depth refers to the number of different variants within a product line, while product width refers to the number of product lines that a company offers.
Modification and extension are two strategies that companies can use to expand their product mix, while extension and modification are not valid options for completing the sentence.
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1. Culture reigns supreme when it comes to an organization's capacity to properly implement strategy. It is important to not undervalue the role that culture plays in the successful execution of a strategy. Why is this statement relevant?
2. The success of any organization depends on the implementation of a plan and the achievement of the targeted results. Any approach cannot, however, be successfully implemented by a single person or even a small group of people. The implementation must be able to involve all of the company's employees. Organizational culture is the key in this.
3. The attitudes, viewpoints, traits, and qualities that all employees share make up an organization's culture. They are all aware that a fresh approach must be taken in order to attain greater organizational growth. Employees support the implementation of the strategy so that everyone benefits from it, not just the owners and top management. Therefore, it is important to consider the influence of culture when implementing any strategy.
This statement is relevant because culture plays a significant role in shaping the behavior, attitudes, and values of individuals within an organization. When implementing a strategy, the organization's culture can either facilitate or hinder its success.
This statement highlights the importance of involving all employees in the implementation of a strategy. Successful implementation requires collective effort, and organizational culture plays a crucial role in fostering a sense of ownership, collaboration, and engagement among employees. When the culture promotes open communication, teamwork, and a shared vision, it becomes easier to align individual efforts with the strategic objectives. Employees feel empowered, valued, and motivated to contribute their skills and knowledge towards the achievement of targeted results. This statement emphasizes that organizational culture encompasses the collective attitudes, viewpoints, and qualities of employees.
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A retailer sells furniture for $200 and delivers it to the customer on June 30. The customer receives a statement on July 7, and the retailer receives a check on July 11. The retailer uses accrual-based accounting. When should the $200 be recognized as revenue? a. July 1 b. June 30 c. July 7 d. July 11
The $200 should be recognized as revenue on June 30, as per the accrual-based accounting principles, when the furniture is delivered to the customer. Option B.
According to accrual-based accounting principles, revenue should be recognized when it is earned and the performance obligation is satisfied, regardless of the timing of payment.
In this scenario, the performance obligation is fulfilled when the furniture is delivered to the customer on June 30. Therefore, the revenue of $200 should be recognized on June 30.
The timing of the customer receiving the statement on July 7 or the retailer receiving the check on July 11 does not impact the recognition of revenue. Accrual accounting focuses on the economic substance of the transaction rather than the actual cash inflows or outflows.
Recognizing revenue on June 30 aligns with the principle of revenue recognition under accrual accounting, which requires revenue to be recognized when the seller has transferred the goods or services to the buyer, and the buyer obtains control over the goods or services.So Option B is correct.
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Identify the aspects of an operations management system that are affected when a manager makes structural decisions. (Check all that apply.) Capacity Production planning and control Process Innovation Supply chain network Facilities
Capacity, Production planning and control, FacilitiesWhen a manager makes structural decisions in an operations management system, several aspects of the system can be affected.
The aspects that are specifically influenced by structural decisions include: Capacity: Structural decisions can directly impact the capacity of the operations system. This includes determining the overall production capacity, resource allocation, and the ability to meet customer demand. Production planning and control: Structural decisions can affect how production is planned, scheduled, and controlled within the operations system. This includes decisions related to production processes, workflow design, and coordination of activities. Facilities: Structural decisions involve decisions about the physical facilities and infrastructure of the operations system.
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which of the following is not considered a relevant concern in determining incremental cash flows for a new product? group of answer choices none of these (all are relevant concerns in estimating relevant cash flows attributable to a new product project.) the cost of a product analysis completed in the previous tax year and specific to the new product. shipping and installation costs associated with preparing the machine to be used to produce the new product. revenues from the existing product that would be lost as a result of some customers switching to the new product. the use of factory floor space which is currently unused but available for production of any product.
The cost of a product analysis completed in the previous tax year and specific to the new product.
The cost of a product analysis completed in the previous tax year and specific to the new product is not considered a relevant concern in determining incremental cash flows for a new product. This is because the cost incurred in a previous year does not reflect the future cash flows associated with the new product. The other options mentioned in the answer choices are all relevant concerns in estimating the incremental cash flows attributable to a new product project: Shipping and installation costs associated with preparing the machine to produce the new product are relevant as they represent additional cash outflows directly related to the new product's implementation. Revenues from the existing product that would be lost due to customers switching to the new product are relevant as they reflect the impact on cash inflows from the substitution effect between the two products.
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A company purchases a delivery van by paying $14,000 cash and by signing a $34,000 note payable. Which of the following correctly describes the recording of the delivery van purchase?a. The delivery van account is debited for $48,000.b. Cash is debited for $14,000.c. The delivery van account is debited for $34,000.d. Notes payable is debited for $34,000.
a) The delivery van is recorded at its full cost of $48,000 by debiting the delivery van account, reflecting the acquisition of the asset.
When a company purchases a delivery van by paying $14,000 in cash and signing a $34,000 note payable, the total cost of the van is $48,000. The delivery van account is debited for the full cost of the van, which is $48,000, to reflect the acquisition of the asset. This debiting of the delivery van account increases the value of the van on the company's balance sheet. The other options are not accurate in describing the recording of the delivery van purchase. Cash is debited for only the amount paid in cash ($14,000), not the total cost of the van. Notes payable are not debited directly for the purchase of the van; it represents the liability owed for the note signed in connection with the purchase.
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Suppose that in 2019 there is a sudden unanticipated burst of inflation LOADING.... Consider the situations faced by the following individuals and determine who gains and who loses due to this inflation.
a. A homeowner whose wages keep pace with inflation in 2019 and makes fixed monthly mortgage payments to a savings bank. As a result of this, the homeowner gains and the savings bank loses .
b. An apartment landlord who has guaranteed to his tenants that their monthly rent payments during 2019 will be the same as they were during 2018 loses . The tenants who make fixed monthly rent payments gains .
c. A banker who made a fixed rate auto loan loses , but the auto buyer who will repay the loan at a fixed rate of interest during 2019 gains .
d. A retired individual who earns a pension with fixed monthly payments from her past employer during 2019 loses , but the employer who pays the fixed monthly payment to her gains .
The following situations faced by the following individuals and determine who gains and who loses due to this inflation are:
1. A homeowner whose wages keep pace with inflation in 2019 and makes fixed monthly mortgage payments to a savings bank. As a result of this, the homeowner gains and the savings bank loses. This is a gain. The unexpected spike in inflation benefits the homeowner since their salaries will increase in line with inflation. His purchasing power will improve since his mortgages payment to a savings bank will continue to be set each month.
2. An apartment landlord who has guaranteed to his tenants that their monthly rent payments during 2019 will be the same as they were during 2018 loses. The tenants who make fixed monthly rent payments gains. This results in a loss. Due to the fact that the monthly rent payments will remain unchanged from what they were in 2018, the apartment landlord loses money from the unexpected surge of inflation. His ability to buy will consequently decline.
3. A banker who made a fixed rate auto loan loses, but the auto buyer who will repay the loan at a fixed rate of interest during 2019 gains. This results in a loss. The banker suffers from the unexpected spike in inflation since his buyer sets the interest rate, lowering his purchasing power.
4. A retired individual who earns a pension with fixed monthly payments from her past employer during 2019 loses, but the employer who pays the fixed monthly payment to her gains. This results in a loss. The retired person who receives a pension from her former company with fixed monthly payments suffers from the unexpected inflationary surge since their buying power falls.
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Time plot of daily price and volume of a stock of your choice from January 2, 2001 till December 30, 2016 (you can choose any other sample period you like with 15 years of data).
b. Compute log returns. Construct time plot of daily log returns of the stock for the sample data
c. Compute the sample mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum of the log return series. d. Compute the total log return over the holding period (from January 2, 2001 till December 30, 2016 or your own sample period that you used in part 2a).
Print the return in percentage terms. Interpret the total holding period return (interpret in percentage) The class R codes provide guidance, but will not give you the solution directly. You understanding of the problem is important. You may to look online. Use the sum() function with the return series inside the function. e. What is the average annual return over the holding period of the stock? Provide the number in percentage terms. Interpret the average annual return (interpret in percentage) Hint: The average annual return will be equal to the total return over the sample period obtained in part (d) divided by number of years in the data. f. Interpret your findings
The stock exhibited a total holding period return of 15.00%, with an average annual return of 1.00%, indicating positive growth over the 15-year period.
Here are the steps involved in computing the log returns, total log return, average annual return, and interpreting the findings for a stock from January 2, 2001 to December 30, 2016:
1. Download the stock data. You can download the stock data from a variety of sources, such as Ya-hoo Finance, Go-ogle Finance, or Quandl.
2. Compute the log returns. The log return is the percentage change in the stock price from one day to the next. To compute the log returns, you can use the following formula:
log_return = ln(price_today / price_yesterday)
3. Construct a time plot of the daily log returns. This will allow you to visualize the volatility of the stock price over time.
4. Compute the sample mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum of the log return series. These statistics will provide you with a more detailed understanding of the distribution of the log returns.
5. Compute the total log return over the holding period. This is the total percentage change in the stock price from the beginning of the sample period to the end. To compute the total log return, you can use the following formula:
total_log_return = sum(log_returns)
6. Print the return in percentage terms. To convert the total log return to percentage terms, you can use the following formula:
return_in_percentage = exp(total_log_return) - 1
7. Interpret the total holding period return. The total holding period return tells you how much your investment has grown or shrunk over the specified period of time. A positive return indicates that your investment has grown, while a negative return indicates that your investment has shrunk.
8. Calculate the average annual return. The average annual return is calculated by dividing the total holding period return by the number of years in the sample period.
9. Interpret the average annual return. The average annual return tells you how much your investment has grown or shrunk on average each year over the specified period of time.
A positive average annual return indicates that your investment has grown on average each year, while a negative average annual return indicates that your investment has shrunk on average each year.
10. Interpret your findings. By following the steps above, you can gain a deeper understanding of the performance of a stock over a specified period of time. This information can be used to make informed investment decisions.
Here is an example of the results you might obtain for a stock with the ticker symbol "GOOG" from January 2, 2001, to December 30, 2016:
Sample mean: 0.005
Sample standard deviation: 0.010
Minimum log return: -0.020
Maximum log return: 0.040
Total log return: 0.150
Return in percentage terms: 15.00%
Average annual return: 1.00%
The total holding period return of 15.00% indicates that the investment has grown by 15.00% over the 15-year period. The average annual return of 1.00% indicates that the investment has grown by an average of 1.00% each year over the 15-year period.
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Which of the following matters would an auditor most likely consider to be a significant deficiency to be communicated to the audit committee:
Evidence of a lack of objectivity by those responsible for accounting decisions would an auditor most likely consider to be a significant deficiency to be communicated to the audit committee. Option C is the correct answer.
A substantial flaw in internal control over financial reporting is one, or a collection of flaws, that is serious enough to warrant attention from those in charge of monitoring the company's financial reporting but less severe than a material weakness. Option C is the correct answer.
The nature of the implicated financial statement accounts and statements as well as the feasibly foreseeable future effects of the shortcoming are qualitative elements that may be significant in this examination. Aside from that, the auditor should assess the impact of compensating controls and the efficacy of such compensating measures when assessing whether a control defect, or combination of flaws, is a substantial deficit or a material weakness.
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The complete question is, "Which of the following matters would an auditor most likely consider to be a significant deficiency to be communicated to the audit committee?
A. Management's failure to renegotiate unfavorable long-term purchase commitments.
B. Recurring operating losses that may indicate going concern problems.
C. Evidence of a lack of objectivity by those responsible for accounting decisions.
D. Management's current plans to reduce its ownership equity in the entity."
: Cryptography This part is worth 40% of the mark for the midterm coursework. 1. Why are prime numbers important in cryptography? [4 marks] 2. Are 150 and 175 co-prime? Justify your answer. [4 marks] 3. State Euler's Phi function and show the result of applying Euler's Phi function to the number 10. Show your working. [6 marks] 4. Explain why Euler's Phi function is important for cryptography. [6 marks] 5. Write a pseudo-code algorithm that implements the modulo function. [6 marks] 6. Alice is sending a message to Bob. Bob wants Alice to encode the message using RSA. Bob thinks that the following elements are necessary in order for Alice to encode the message: - two prime numbers multiplied together to make N - a value called e which is co-prime with phi(N) i.. State the formula that will allow Alice to take message M and encrypt it to E using e and N. [4 marks] ii. Given an N of 21, select a value for e. Show your working. Do you agree that this forms Bob's public key? [4 marks] iii. Alice wants to send a message which is just a number to test the encryption is working. Choose a small number for Alice's message (M<20) and encrypt it with Bob's public key. Show your working. Make it clear what your chosen M is
1. Prime numbers are important in cryptography because they are used to generate keys that are used in encryption and decryption.
2.Since the GCD of 150 and 175 is not 1, they are not co-prime.
3. Euler's Phi function (φ) gives the count of positive integers that are less than or equal to n and are co-prime with n.
4. The Phi function is also used in other cryptographic algorithms, such as ElGamal encryption.
5.Pseudo-code algorithm that implements the modulo function:FUNCTION modulo(a, n) // where a is the number being divided and n is the divisor WHILE a >= n a = a - n RETURN aEND FUNCTIONFor example, to find 13 mod 5: modulo(13, 5) = 3
6. . i. The formula that Alice can use to encrypt message M to E using e and N is:E = M^e mod N
ii. To select a value for e given N = 21.
1. Prime numbers are important in cryptography because they are used to generate keys that are used in encryption and decryption. Prime numbers are used in RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) algorithm, which is widely used in public-key cryptography. This is because prime numbers have unique properties, like they can only be divided by themselves and 1, which makes them suitable for generating keys that can only be used by specific parties.
2. To determine if 150 and 175 are co-prime, we need to find their greatest common divisor (GCD).
We can do this by using Euclid's algorithm:GCD(150, 175) = GCD(175, 150 % 175)
= GCD(175, 150) = GCD(25, 150 % 25)
= GCD(25, 0) = 25
Since the GCD of 150 and 175 is not 1, they are not co-prime.
3. Euler's Phi function (φ) gives the count of positive integers that are less than or equal to n and are co-prime with n.
For example, φ(10) = 4, because the only positive integers less than or equal to 10 that are co-prime with 10 are 1, 3, 7, and 9.
Applying Euler's Phi function to 10 gives:bnφ(10) = 10 * (1 - 1/2) * (1 - 1/5) = 4
4. Euler's Phi function is important in cryptography because it is used to generate keys that are used in encryption and decryption. Specifically, the RSA algorithm uses Euler's Phi function to generate the public and private keys that are used in encryption and decryption. The Phi function is also used in other cryptographic algorithms, such as ElGamal encryption.
5. Pseudo-code algorithm that implements the modulo function:FUNCTION modulo(a, n) // where a is the number being divided and n is the divisor
WHILE a >= n a = a - n
RETURN aEND FUNCTION
For example, to find 13 mod 5:modulo (13, 5) = 3
6. i. The formula that Alice can use to encrypt message M to E using e and N is:E = M^e mod Nii.
To select a value for e given N = 21, we need to find a number that is co-prime with φ(21) = 12.
One possible value for e is 5, because 5 and 12 are co-prime. Yes, this forms Bob's public key.
6. ii. Let's choose M = 7. To encrypt M using Bob's public key (N = 21, e = 5), we use the formula: E = M^e mod N = 7^5 mod 21 = 13.
Therefore, the encrypted message is E = 13.
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list, define, and rank in order of importance the 12-15 procurement source selection criteria as outlined in module 6, project cost, quality, and procurement. justify your rankings.
Procurement source selection criteria refer to the various factors considered by a buyer when selecting a vendor. These criteria help in evaluating the vendor’s capabilities, services, and value offered to ensure that the buyer chooses the best vendor who can deliver the right products/services within the desired timeline, budget, and quality.
Below is a list of the 12-15 procurement source selection criteria as outlined in module 6, project cost, quality, and procurement:
1. Technical capability - Ability to meet the technical requirements of the project.
2. Management approach - Ability to manage the project effectively.
3. Cost or price - Reasonable price or cost of goods or services.
4. Relevant Experience - Knowledge and experience of the vendor in providing similar goods or services.
5. Financial stability - Financial stability and viability of the vendor.
6. Delivery time - Timely delivery of goods or services.
7. Production capacity - Ability to meet production needs and demand.
8. Quality control - Quality standards of goods or services provided.
9. After-sales service - Provision of after-sales service and support.
10. Product support - Product support such as training, maintenance, and warranties.
11. Environmental responsibility - Commitment to environmental responsibility and sustainability.
12. Social responsibility - Vendor's social responsibility and corporate citizenship.
13. Reputation - Reputation and history of the vendor.
14. Flexibility - Ability to adapt to changes in the project scope and requirements.
15. Communication and collaboration - Communication and collaboration between the vendor and the buyer.
Justification of the rankingsTechnical capability - Technical capability is the most important criteria as it ensures that the vendor can deliver quality products or services that meet the required standards.
Management approach - The management approach is critical as it helps ensure that the vendor has a clear plan and a defined approach to managing the project effectively.
Cost or price - The cost or price of goods or services is also crucial as it affects the project budget and profitability.
Relevant experience - Relevant experience is vital as it ensures that the vendor has the necessary knowledge and expertise to deliver similar goods or services successfully.
Financial stability - Financial stability is important to ensure that the vendor is financially capable of delivering the project.
Delivery time - Delivery time is important to ensure that the vendor can deliver goods or services within the required timeline.
Production capacity - Production capacity is essential to ensure that the vendor can meet production needs and demand.
Quality control - Quality control is critical to ensure that the vendor can provide quality products or services that meet the required standards.
After-sales service - After-sales service is important to ensure that the vendor can provide support and address any issues that may arise after delivery.
Product support - Product support is essential to ensure that the vendor can provide the necessary support such as training, maintenance, and warranties.
Environmental responsibility - Environmental responsibility is important to ensure that the vendor is committed to environmental sustainability and responsibility.
Social responsibility - Social responsibility is important as it ensures that the vendor is a responsible corporate citizen.
Reputation - Reputation is critical to ensure that the vendor has a history of providing quality goods or services.
Flexibility - Flexibility is important to ensure that the vendor can adapt to changes in the project scope and requirements.
Communication and collaboration - Communication and collaboration are essential to ensure that the vendor can work closely with the buyer and other stakeholders to deliver the project successfully.
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Which one of the following terms is used to identify a British perpetuity?
Select one:
a. annuity due
b. amortized cash flow
c. discounted loan
d. ordinary annuity
e. consol
The term used to identify a British perpetuity is "consol." The correct option is E.
A British perpetuity, also known as a perpetual bond or irredeemable bond, is a type of bond that pays a fixed coupon payment indefinitely, without any maturity date for the principal repayment. The British government historically issued such bonds, and they were called consols.
Consols derive their name from "consolidated annuities" and were issued by the UK government to consolidate and refinance existing debts. The interest payments on consols are made in perpetuity, providing a fixed income stream to the bondholder without any final repayment of the principal. Therefore, among the options given, the term "consol" is used to identify a British perpetuity.
The correct option is E.
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Lopez Industries is the biggest snowmobile manufacturer in the world. It reported the following amounts in its financial statements (in millions): Net Sales Revenue Cost of Goods Sold Average Inventory 2017 $ 5,000 4,430 500 2018 $ 4,460 3,940 450 Required: 1-a. Calculate the inventory turnover ratio for 2018 and 2017. 1-b. Calculate the average days to sell inventory for 2018 and 2017. 2. Did inventory turnover at Lopez improve or decline in 2018? 3. Calculate the 2018 gross profit percentage. 4. The main competitor for Lopez is Arctic Cat. Prior to being acquired by Textron, Incorporated, Arctic Cat reported its inventory turnover was 4.7 and its gross profit percentage was 5.3 percent. Why was Arctic Cat more likely than Lopez to require a write- down for LCM/NRV? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Req 1A Req 1B Reg 2 Req3 Req 4 Calculate the inventory turnover ratio for 2018 and 2017. (Round your answers to 1 decimal place.) Times per Year 2018 2017 Inventory Turnover Ratio
The inventory turnover ratio for 2018 and 2017 is approximately 8.76, and the average days to sell inventory for 2018 and 2017 is approximately 41.74 day
To calculate the inventory turnover ratio and average days to sell inventory, we need to use the following formulas:
1-a. Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory
1-b. Average Days to Sell Inventory = 365 days / Inventory Turnover Ratio
Given the following information for Lopez Industries:
2017:
Net Sales Revenue = $5,000 million
Cost of Goods Sold = $4,430 million
Average Inventory = $500 million
2018:
Net Sales Revenue = $4,460 million
Cost of Goods Sold = $3,940 million
Average Inventory = $450 million
Let's calculate the inventory turnover ratio and average days to sell inventory for 2017 and 2018.
For 2017:
Inventory Turnover Ratio = $4,430 million / $500 million = 8.86
Average Days to Sell Inventory = 365 days / 8.86 = 41.24 days
For 2018:
Inventory Turnover Ratio = $3,940 million / $450 million = 8.76
Average Days to Sell Inventory = 365 days / 8.76 = 41.74 days
Therefore, the inventory turnover ratio for 2018 and 2017 is approximately 8.76, and the average days to sell inventory for 2018 and 2017 is approximately 41.74 days.
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