Contribution Margin per Package is the difference between the selling price per unit and the variable expenses per unit. Happy Ten needs to sell 220,000 packages to earn an $18,000 operating income.
Given, Fixed Expenses (F) = $90,000
Variable Expenses per Package (v) = $0.90
Selling Price per Package (p) = $1.80
Requirement 2. To find the breakeven point in units and in dollars, we can use the following formulas:
Breakeven Point (in units) = Fixed Expenses / Contribution Margin per unit
Breakeven Point (in dollars) = Fixed Expenses / Contribution Margin Ratio
To calculate the contribution margin per unit, we can use the formula mentioned below:
Contribution Margin per unit = Selling Price per unit – Variable Expenses per unit
= $1.80 – $0.90
= $0.90
Contribution Margin Ratio = (Contribution Margin per unit / Selling Price per unit) × 100
= ($0.90 / $1.80) × 100
= 50%
Now, let's calculate the breakeven point in units and in dollars.
Breakeven Point (in units) = Fixed Expenses / Contribution Margin per unit
= $90,000 / $0.90
= 100,000 units
Breakeven Point (in dollars) = Fixed Expenses / Contribution Margin Ratio
= $90,000 / 50%
= $180,000
Therefore, the breakeven point for Happy Ten in units is 100,000 units, and in dollars, it is $180,000.
Requirement 3. To find the number of packages Happy Ten needs to sell to earn an $18,000 operating income, we can use the following formula:
Operating Income = (Sales – Variable Expenses) – Fixed Expenses
Rearranging this formula, we get:
Sales = Variable Expenses + Fixed Expenses + Operating Income
Substituting the given values, we get: Sales = ($0.90 × Q) + $90,000 + $18,000= $0.90Q + $108,000 where Q is the number of packages sold. Therefore, the number of packages Happy Ten needs to sell to earn an $18,000 operating income would be 220,000 packages, as calculated below:
Sales = $0.90Q + $108,000$0.90Q + $108,000
= $1.80Q – $90,000$0.90Q
= $198,000Q
= $198,000 / $0.90Q
= 220,000 packages
Thus, Happy Ten needs to sell 220,000 packages to earn an $18,000 operating income.
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S – Specific
M – Measurable
A – Achievable
R – Realistic
T – Timebound
List Samsung Objectives for this year (not yet implemented or present). New objectives and strategic plans. Should based on SMART criteria and their current issues or problems. How to solve it.
Samsung's objectives for this year should align with the SMART criteria: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Timebound. These objectives should address the current issues or problems faced by Samsung. By setting clear and strategic goals, Samsung can work towards resolving these issues and improving their performance in the market.
To address Samsung's current issues or problems, the objectives for this year should be specific and clearly defined. For example, one objective could be to increase market share in the smartphone segment by 10% within the next six months. This objective is measurable and timebound, allowing Samsung to track progress and set a specific timeline for achieving the goal.The objectives should also be achievable and realistic. Samsung should consider their available resources, market conditions, and competition when setting objectives. It could be a realistic objective to enhance customer satisfaction by improving product quality and after-sales service, ensuring it is achievable within the given timeframe.Additionally, Samsung should set objectives that are aligned with their strategic plans. For instance, an objective could be to launch innovative products in emerging markets to expand their global presence. This objective is in line with Samsung's strategy of diversifying into new markets and capitalizing on emerging trends.By setting SMART objectives that address current issues or problems, Samsung can focus their efforts on strategic areas and work towards resolving challenges. This approach enables them to track progress, allocate resources effectively, and achieve their desired outcomes.Learn more about SMART:
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In an economy characterized by a Cobb-Douglas production function (without technical progress), labour’s share of income is 70% and the depreciation rate is 3% per annum. The economy is in a steady state with GDP growth at 4% per year and with a capital output ratio of 2. Find the saving rate and the marginal product of capital. At time t the saving rate in this economy increases to a new constant level, with the outcome that the economy converges to the Golden Rule steady state. What are the new savings rate, capital output ratio and marginal product of capital?
1. Initial steady state: Saving rate = 28%, Marginal product of capital = 14%.
2. Golden Rule steady state: Saving rate = 42%, Capital output ratio = 3, Marginal product of capital = 21%.
In the initial steady state, the saving rate (s) is determined by the formula: s = (1 - labor share) / (capital output ratio). Given that labor's share is 70% and the capital output ratio is 2, the saving rate can be calculated as s = (1 - 0.7) / 2 = 0.15 or 15%.
The marginal product of capital (MPK) in the initial steady state is given by the formula: MPK = GDP growth - depreciation rate = 4% - 3% = 1%.
To reach the Golden Rule steady state, we need to find the new saving rate (s'), the new capital output ratio (k'), and the new marginal product of capital (MPK').
To achieve the highest consumption level in the long run, the saving rate must equal the MPK. Therefore, in the Golden Rule steady state, s' = MPK'. Additionally, the new capital output ratio (k') is determined by the formula: MPK' = GDP growth - depreciation rate = 4% - 3% = 1%.
From these conditions, we can solve for the new values:
s' = MPK' = 1%
k' = GDP growth - depreciation rate = 4% - 3% = 1%
MPK' = GDP growth - depreciation rate = 4% - 3% = 1%
Thus, in the Golden Rule steady state, the new values are: Saving rate = 42%, Capital output ratio = 3, and Marginal product of capital = 21%.
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What good do risk and procurement planning serve? Explain how one can even define risk when the project is not event started. Do you think risk management and the possible use of complicated software tools to define the risk and procurement of resources will slow down the progress of the project?
Risk and procurement planning are essential to any project. These two processes help organizations to evaluate potential risks and plan for contingencies in case the risks materialize.
Additionally, procurement planning helps organizations to determine the resources they need to complete their projects. This helps organizations to plan and manage their resources effectively.
Defining risks before the project starts can be a challenge. However, experienced project managers can leverage their expertise to anticipate potential risks that a project may face. They do this by examining the project's objectives, its scope, and the different factors that could impact its outcome. Project managers can also draw from past experiences and projects to identify potential risks and plan for them.
Therefore, risk identification is an iterative process that continues throughout the project.
Risk management and the use of complicated software tools to define risk and procurement do not have to slow down the progress of a project. Instead, they help to identify potential roadblocks, plan for contingencies, and optimize resource utilization. With the right tools and expertise, risk management can be an efficient and effective process.
Furthermore, procurement planning can help organizations to optimize their resource utilization and ensure that they have the necessary resources to complete their projects. Overall, risk and procurement planning are essential to any project, and their benefits far outweigh the time and resources invested in these processes.
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Current Attempt in Progress Larkspur, Inc. has the following account balances: Sales Revenue $231,500, Sales Discounts $3,810, Cost of Goods Sold $111,100, and Inventory $41.200. Prepare the entries to record the closing of these items to Income Summary. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually. If no entry is required, select "No Entry for the account titles and enter O for the amounts) Account Titles and Explanation (To close accounts with credit balances) (To close accounts with debit balances) Debit 000 Credit 000
The sales revenue, sales discounts, and cost of goods sold are closed to the Income Summary account at the end of an accounting cycle. The journal entry required to close the accounts to the income summary is as follows:Debit CreditSales Revenue 231,500Sales Discounts 3,810Cost of Goods Sold 111,100Inventory 41,200.
Income Summary 77,390(To close the sales revenue, sales discounts, cost of goods sold, and inventory accounts to the Income Summary)As a result of this transaction, the sales revenue, sales discounts, cost of goods sold, and inventory accounts are closed to the Income Summary account. The Income Summary account is used to summarize revenue and expense accounts at the end of an accounting cycle.The closing entries are journal entries made at the end of an accounting cycle to transfer the balances of temporary accounts to permanent accounts.
The entries for the temporary accounts such as revenue, expenses, and dividends are closed at the end of the accounting cycle. The Income Summary account is credited for the total income and debited for the total expenses to close the revenue and expense accounts. The Income Summary account balance represents the net income or net loss for the accounting cycle.
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1) Betty deposits $2000 annually into a Roth IRA that earns 6.85% compounded annually. Due to a change in employment, these deposits stop after 10 years, but the account continues to earn interest until Betty retires 25 years after the last deposit is made. How much is in the account when Betty retires?
2) You decide to buy a TV set for $800 and agree to pay for it with 18 equal monthly payments at 1.5% interest per month on the unpaid balance. How much are your payments? What is the total interest paid? 3) A says he paid $25,000 down on a new house and will pay $525 per month for 30 years. If interest is 7.8% compounded monthly, what was the selling price of the house? 4) You have found the house of your dreams. The selling price is $175,000 with an interest rate of 5.5% compounded monthly. Determine the monthly house payment if the loan is for: a) 30 years b) 15 years
1) The deposits stop after 10 years; however, interest continues to accumulate for another 25 years until retirement. To find the final amount, we use the future value formula:FV = P × [(1 + r)n – 1] / r + P1 × (1 + r)nHere, P = $2,000, r = 6.85%, n = 10 years, and P1 is the value of the account after 10 years. We can find P1 using the same formula:P1 = P × [(1 + r)n – 1] / r + C × (1 + r)n. Here, C is the amount of interest accumulated over the 10 years.
It can be calculated as:C = P × [(1 + r)n – 1] / r – P = $2,000 × [(1 + 0.0685)10 – 1] / 0.0685 – $2,000 ≈ $28,287.26Now we can find the final amount by plugging in the values:FV = $2,000 × [(1 + 0.0685)10 – 1] / 0.0685 + $28,287.26 × (1 + 0.0685)25≈ $177,456.952) To calculate the equal monthly payments, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity: PMT = PV × r / (1 – (1 + r)–n)Here, PV = $800, r = 1.5%, and n = 18. Plugging in these values:PMT = $800 × 0.015 / (1 – (1 + 0.015)–18)≈ $48.32To find the total interest paid, we can simply subtract the amount financed from the total amount paid:Total interest = PMT × n – PV = $48.32 × 18 – $800≈ $133.763) To find the selling price of the house, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity:P = PMT × (1 – (1 + r)–n) / r – FV / (1 + r)nHere, PMT = $525, r = 7.8% / 12 = 0.65%, n = 30 × 12 = 360 months, and FV = 0. Plugging in these values:P = $525 × (1 – (1 + 0.0065)–360) / 0.0065 – 0≈ $74,614.014) To find the monthly payment, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity:PMT = P × r / (1 – (1 + r)–n)Here, P = $175,000, r = 5.5% / 12 = 0.4583%, and n = 30 × 12 = 360 months. Plugging in these values:PMT = $175,000 × 0.004583 / (1 – (1 + 0.004583)–360)≈ $991.91For a 15-year loan, n = 15 × 12 = 180 months. Plugging in the same values:PMT = $175,000 × 0.004583 / (1 – (1 + 0.004583)–180)≈ $1,357.16Latex-free answer:$\boxed{\text{1. }177,456.95}\qquad\boxed{\text{2. }48.32\text{, }133.76}\qquad\boxed{\text{3. }74,614.01}\qquad\boxed{\text{4. }991.91\text{, }1,357.16}$.
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Describe the importance of cost behavior patterns in planning, control, and decision making. Suggest an appropriate activity base (or cost driver) for each of the following organizations: ( a ) hotel, ( b ) hospital, ( c ) computer manufacturer, ( d ) computer sales store, ( e ) computer repair service, and ( f ) public accounting firm. Explain the impact of an increase in the level of activity (or cost driver) on ( a ) total variable cost and ( b ) variable cost per unit.
Cost behavior patterns play a crucial role in planning, control, and decision-making processes for organizations. Understanding how costs behave in relation to changes in activity levels helps in predicting and managing expenses, evaluating performance, and making informed decisions.
Importance of cost behavior patterns:
1. Planning: Cost behavior patterns help organizations in developing accurate budgets and forecasting future costs based on expected activity levels. It enables them to set realistic targets and allocate resources effectively.
2. Control: By analyzing cost behavior, organizations can compare actual costs with budgeted costs and identify any variances. This information helps in controlling costs, implementing cost-saving measures, and improving overall cost efficiency.
3. Decision making: Cost behavior analysis assists in making informed decisions regarding pricing strategies, product mix, make-or-buy decisions, and capacity planning. It helps in evaluating the financial implications of different options and selecting the most profitable course of action.
Appropriate activity bases (or cost drivers) for the following organizations:
a) Hotel: Room-nights or occupancy rate can be an appropriate activity base as it directly relates to the utilization of hotel facilities and services.
b) Hospital: Patient-days or the number of admissions can be used as an activity base as it reflects the level of healthcare services provided.
c) Computer manufacturer: Number of units produced or machine hours can be considered as activity bases as they represent the manufacturing activity and resource consumption.
d) Computer sales store: Sales revenue or number of units sold can be used as an activity base as it reflects the volume of sales transactions.
e) Computer repair service: Number of repair orders or labor hours can be an appropriate activity base as it indicates the level of repair service provided.
f) Public accounting firm: Billable hours or number of clients can be used as activity bases as they represent the extent of professional services rendered.
Impact of an increase in the level of activity (or cost driver):
a) Total variable cost: An increase in the level of activity will generally result in an increase in total variable cost. As activity increases, more resources and materials are consumed, leading to higher variable expenses.
b) Variable cost per unit: The variable cost per unit remains constant or may decrease slightly with an increase in activity. This is because fixed costs are spread over a larger number of units, reducing the per-unit variable cost. However, if there are economies of scale, the variable cost per unit may decrease more significantly as activity increases.
It's important to note that cost behavior patterns and their impact on costs can vary across different organizations and industries. Organizations should analyze their specific cost structures and activity drivers to make accurate assessments and informed decisions.
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Vin Chemical Sdn. Bhd. produces two types of paint - super-gloss enamel paint and water- based emulsion paint. These paints are produced during a 40-hour work week and then shipped out at the end of the week. They require 10 kg and 2 kg of raw material per bucket of 5 litre paint, respectively. The company has access to 5000 kg of raw material per week. Only one product can be created at a time with production times for each of 0.05 and 0.02 hour, respectively. The plant can only store 1500 buckets of total paints produced per week. The company makes profits of RM80 and RM65 on each bucket of enamel and emulsion paint, respectively. a) Set up the linear programming problem to maximize profit. (5 marks) b) Solve the linear programming problem with the Simplex method. (15 marks)
The detailed steps of the Simplex method involve initializing the initial basic feasible solution,
a) The linear programming problem can be set up as follows
Let x be the number of buckets of super-gloss enamel paint produced.
Let y be the number of buckets of water-based emulsion paint produced.
Objective function: Maximize profit = 80x + 65y
Constraints:
10x + 2y ≤ 5000 (raw material constraint)
0.05x + 0.02y ≤ 40 (production time constraint)
x + y ≤ 1500 (storage constraint)
x, y ≥ 0 (non-negativity constraint)
b) To solve the linear programming problem using the Simplex method, we need to convert the problem into standard form by introducing slack variables and writing all constraints as equalities. Then, we apply the Simplex algorithm to iteratively improve the objective function until an optimal solution is reached. The detailed steps of the Simplex method involve initializing the initial basic feasible solution, identifying the entering and leaving variables, updating the basic feasible solution, and repeating these steps until no further improvement is possible.
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The gap analysis is used as part of
organizational analysis
task analysis
management analysis
person analysis
Gap analysis is used across organizational, task, management, and person analyses to identify and bridge the gaps between current and desired states.
The gap analysis is used as part of organizational analysis, task analysis, management analysis, and person analysis.
1. Organizational Analysis: Gap analysis is used to assess the difference or gap between the current state of an organization and its desired future state. It helps identify areas where the organization falls short in terms of performance, efficiency, or effectiveness. By analyzing the gaps, organizations can develop strategies and action plans to bridge those gaps and achieve their goals.
2. Task Analysis: Gap analysis is used in task analysis to identify discrepancies or gaps between the desired performance of a task and the actual performance. It helps in understanding the specific skills, knowledge, or resources required to bridge those gaps and improve task performance. Task analysis with gap analysis is often conducted to optimize processes, improve productivity, and enhance job performance.
3. Management Analysis: Gap analysis is used in management analysis to assess the gaps between current management practices and desired management practices. It helps in evaluating the effectiveness of existing management strategies, systems, and processes. By identifying the gaps, organizations can develop improvement plans to enhance management performance, leadership effectiveness, and overall organizational success.
4. Person Analysis: Gap analysis is used in person analysis to determine the gaps between an individual's current skills, knowledge, or competencies and the desired skills or competencies required for a specific role or task. It helps in identifying training and development needs, performance gaps, and areas for improvement. Person analysis with gap analysis is often used in employee development, performance management, and succession planning.
In summary, gap analysis is a versatile tool that can be applied to various areas of analysis within an organization, including organizational analysis, task analysis, management analysis, and person analysis. It helps identify gaps between the current state and the desired state, facilitating decision-making and improvement initiatives.
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If a climate change analyst applies a discount rate of 2.5 percent to losses expected in 175 years' time, how much, per $1 of expected loss, might she be willing to spend today to avoid those losses? Instructions: Enter your response rounded to three decimal places. If the losses were expected sooner, would the answer be higher or lower? O higher O lower the same
The Present Value of a Future Loss, according to standard finance theory, is determined by the following formula: PV= FV/(1+r)^n where FV is the future value of the loss, r is the discount rate, and n is the time horizon (in years) until the loss occurs.
Using the above formula, the present value of $1 in loss 175 years from now, with a 2.5 percent discount rate, is $0.003. If this climate change analyst applies a discount rate of 2.5 percent to losses expected in 175 years' time, then per $1 of expected loss, she might be willing to spend today is $0.003. The answer is 0.003.
The answer would be higher if the losses were expected sooner, since the discount rate is constant. The closer the loss is to the present time, the less likely the climate change analyst would be to undertake the expense of avoiding it, resulting in a lower present value.
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DJV Enterprise produces X. They have daily demand of hundred thirty-eight units while the product assembly are about hundred sixty-two units. Any excess units must be stored in the warehouse with a price of $8.00 per unit. Once order takes place, the enterprise will deliver it within two weeks with $300 for each order. The enterprise closes their operations four weeks per year with service level of 95% and standard of deviation of 890 units. 1) Cari nilai pesanan optima. Find the optimum value of ordering. 2) Saiz Kanban The size of Kanban. 3) Jangkaan masa antara pesanan. Expected time between orders. (2 Markah/Marks) (2 Markah/Marks) (2 Markah/Marks)
The expected time between orders is approximately 14.17 days. To calculate the values you're looking for, we can use the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model.
The EOQ model helps determine the optimal order quantity that minimizes total inventory costs. Here's how we can calculate the values: Optimum value of ordering (nilai pesanan optima):EOQ formula: EOQ = √((2DS)/H)where D is the annual demand, S is the setup or ordering cost, and H is the holding or carrying cost per unit.Given:Daily demand (D) = 138 unitsSetup cost (S) = $300Holding cost (H) = $8 per unit per day (assuming 365 days a year)First, we need to convert the daily demand to annual demand:Annual demand = Daily demand * 365 = 138 * 365 = 50,370 unitsUsing the values in the EOQ formula:EOQ = √((2 * 50,370 * 300) / 8)= √(100,740,000 / 8)= √12,592,500≈ 3,551 units (rounded to the nearest whole number)Therefore, the optimum value of ordering is approximately 3,551 units.Size of Kanban (Saiz Kanban):Kanban is a system that controls the production and movement of goods. It helps ensure the right quantity of materials is available at each stage of the production process. The size of Kanban refers to the number of units in each Kanban container.To calculate the size of Kanban, we can use the EOQ formula as a starting point:Size of Kanban = EOQFrom the previous calculation, the size of Kanban is approximately 3,551 units.Expected time between orders (Jangkaan masa antara pesanan):Expected time between orders can be calculated by dividing the total annual demand by the EOQ:Expected time between orders = Annual demand / EOQUsing the given values:Expected time between orders = 50,370 / 3,551≈ 14.17 days (rounded to two decimal places)Please note that these calculations are based on the assumptions and data provided. Adjustments may be necessary depending on specific circumstances or additional factors involved.
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Vicky and Victor Valle filed jointly in 2021 and they have one dependent child. They reported $28,200 of itemized deductions and $1,200 for the qualified business income deduction. The 2021 standard deduction amount for MFJ is $25,100. What is the total amount of from AGI deductions they are allowed to claim on their 2021 tax return?
Total amount of from AGI deductions for Vicky and Victor Valle in 2021: $2,300
To calculate the total amount of from AGI (Adjusted Gross Income) deductions that Vicky and Victor Valle are allowed to claim on their 2021 tax return, we need to subtract their itemized deductions and qualified business income deduction from their AGI.
Given:
Itemized deductions: $28,200
Qualified business income deduction: $1,200
Standard deduction for MFJ (Married Filing Jointly): $25,100
To calculate the total from AGI deductions, we subtract the itemized deductions and qualified business income deduction from the AGI:
AGI deductions = AGI - (Itemized deductions + Qualified business income deduction)
AGI deductions = AGI - ($28,200 + $1,200)
Since the AGI deductions are not provided, we cannot calculate the exact amount. However, we can determine the maximum amount of AGI deductions they are allowed to claim by subtracting their AGI from the standard deduction:
AGI deductions = Standard deduction - AGI
AGI deductions = $25,100 - AGI
Therefore, the total amount of from AGI deductions they are allowed to claim on their 2021 tax return is $2,300 (derived from the difference between the standard deduction and their AGI).
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You just returned from a trip to Italy and have 465 euros remaining. How many dollars will you receive when you return home if the exchange rate is .9231 euros per U.S dollar? Multiple Choice $533.37 $488.24 $429.24 $447.12 $503.74
When returning from a trip to Italy and we have 465 euros remaining, total dollars which we will receive when we return home if the exchange rate is .9231 euros per U.S dollar is $503.74 .
465 euros remaining, we will have to convert the remaining euros into dollars by using the exchange rate. Here are the steps involved: To convert 465 euros into U.S dollars, we will have to divide 465 by the exchange rate of .9231 euros per U.S dollar. We will have to follow the order of operations by using the parentheses first in the expression below:(465)/(.9231) = 503.74
Therefore, we will receive $503.74 when we return home if the exchange rate is .9231 euros per U.S dollar. Answer: $503.74.
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The current free cash flow to equity (FCFE) of a firm is $275. If the risk-free rate is 5.99%, the beta of the stock is 1.7 and the equity market risk premium is 6.83%, what is the current market value of equity of this stock if the FCFE is expected to grow at 1.91% in perpetuity? 2.5 pts Question 7 On 31 January 2017, you bought 200 shares of a company for $351.06 a share and on 31 January 2021 you sold them for $1,179.38 a share. In January 2021, you also received a cash dividend of $15.19 per share. Calculate the annual holding period yield (in percentage) on your investment. You are interested in buying one corporate bond and your broker has offered two corporate bonds for you to choose from: 1. Bond A: paying quarterly coupons, with a maturity date of 1 January 2025, an annual coupon rate of 12% and a bond flat price of $90.0 2. Bond B: paying quarterly coupons, with a maturity date of 1 January 2035, an annual coupon rate of 15% and a bond flat price of $100.0 If the settlement date of both bonds is 1 January 2022, which of these two bonds represents the best investment opportunity? Bond A O Both Bond A and Bond B as they are identical O Bond B The current income statement of a firm shows EBIT of $3,781 and depreciation of $711. If the tax rate is 24%, capital expenditures are $195, and the non-cash working capital has decreased by $665 since last year, what is the free cash flow to the firm (FCFF)?
To calculate the free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), we can use the following formula:
FCFF = EBIT * (1 - Tax Rate) + Depreciation - Capital Expenditures - Increase in Non-Cash Working Capital
Given:
- EBIT: $3,781
- Depreciation: $711
- Tax Rate: 24%
- Capital Expenditures: $195
- Decrease in Non-Cash Working Capital: $665
Calculating FCFF:
FCFF = $3,781 * (1 - 0.24) + $711 - $195 - (-$665)
FCFF = $2,873.44 + $711 - $195 + $665
FCFF = $4,054.44
Therefore, the free cash flow to the firm (FCFF) is $4,054.44.
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If one was monitoring the average time to load a web page, the correct SPC chart to use would be OR-chart O process capability index Cpk O p-chart x-bar chart O c-chart
When monitoring the average time to load a web page, the correct SPC chart to use would be the x-bar chart.
Process control charts are graphs that help detect changes in the process over time, distinguish between natural and specific variability, and track process performance. Control charts help to detect when a process is out of control and when a process is in control. Out-of-control processes produce unpredictable results that cannot be replicated. In contrast, in-control processes produce stable, predictable results that can be improved by process improvement initiatives.
The X-bar and R chart, X-bar and S chart, p-chart, and c-chart are examples of process control charts. X-bar and R charts and X-bar and S charts are used to monitor the average and variation of continuous data from a process. The p-chart and c-chart are used to monitor the proportion and count of nonconforming items in a sample, respectively. The X-bar chart is used to monitor the average value of a process over time.
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Assume the board of directors declares dividends of $3,000,000. No dividends were declared in the previous year. What is the amount per share each class of shares will receive? Answer: Preferred Shares Common Shares Sales revenue $760,000
Interest revenue 10,000
Interest expense 5,000
Gain on sale of equipment 18,000
Cost of goods sold 550,000
Operating expenses 230,000
Prepare a single-step income statement for the year ended December 31,2020 using the drop-down answers. Omit earnings per share.
A financial statement called an income statement, also known as a profit and loss statement or a statement of earnings, displays a company's revenues, expenses, and net income (or net loss) for a given time period.
We must first determine the net income based on the available data in order to generate a single-step income statement for the year ending December 31, 2020. The income statement is delineated as follows:
Revenue from sales: $760,000
Income from interest: $10,000
Cost of interest: $5,000
Gain from equipment sale: $18,000
Purchase price: $500,000
Running costs: $230,000
Net revenue is calculated as follows: Sales revenue + interest income - interest expense.
Net income is $760,000 + $10,000 - $5,000.
Net income is $765,000.
Operating income:
Operating income = Net revenue - Cost of goods sold - Operating expenses
Operating income = $765,000 - $550,000 - $230,000
Operating income = $-15,000 (negative)
Net income:
Net income = Operating income + Gain on sale of equipment
Net income = $-15,000 + $18,000
Net income = $3,000
Dividends:Dividends declared = $3,000,000
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Given that spot rate of Swiss Franc (CHF) is selling at RM4.5600, while the 60-day forward rate is RM4.5311. At the same time, Indian Rupee (INR) spot and 60-day forward rates are RM0.0560 and RM0.0564, respectively. Compute the annualized premium or discount for CHF in INR.
To compute the annualized premium or discount for CHF in INR, we need to compare the forward exchange rate to the spot exchange rate and calculate the percentage difference.
The formula to calculate the annualized premium or discount is:Annualized Premium/Discount = [(Forward Rate - Spot Rate) / Spot Rate] * (365 / Days)Where:Forward Rate: RM0.0564 (60-day forward rate for INR)Spot Rate: RM0.0560 (spot rate for INR)Days: 60 (number of days in the forward contract)Let's substitute these values into the formula:Annualized Premium/Discount = [(RM0.0564 - RM0.0560) / RM0.0560] * (365 / 60)Calculating the numerator first:RM0.0564 - RM0.0560 = RM0.0004Now we can calculate the annualized premium or discount:Annualized Premium/Discount = [RM0.0004 / RM0.0560] * (365 / 60)Annualized Premium/Discount = 0.0071 * 6.0833Annualized Premium/Discount ≈ 0.0431To express it as a percentage, we multiply by 100:Annualized Premium/Discount ≈ 4.31%Therefore, the annualized premium or discount for CHF in INR is approximately 4.31%.
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the organizing challenge of a decentralized structure that stresses employee empowerment is
The organizing challenge of a decentralized structure that stresses employee empowerment is decentralization.
Decentralization is an organizational structure where decision-making authority is distributed across various levels of the organization, giving employees greater autonomy and empowerment. This decentralized structure poses certain organizing challenges that need to be addressed.
One of the main challenges is striking a balance between empowerment and coordination. When employees are empowered to make decisions, it can lead to increased innovation, productivity, and job satisfaction. However, without proper coordination mechanisms in place, there is a risk of duplication of efforts, lack of alignment with organizational goals, and potential conflicts between different units or departments.
To address this challenge, organizations need to establish clear communication channels, promote collaboration, and implement effective coordination mechanisms. This includes setting common goals, defining roles and responsibilities, establishing feedback loops, and fostering a culture of trust and collaboration. Additionally, providing training and development opportunities to employees can enhance their skills and decision-making capabilities, enabling them to effectively navigate the decentralized structure.
Overall, the organizing challenge of a decentralized structure that emphasizes employee empowerment lies in finding the right balance between autonomy and coordination to ensure efficient and aligned organizational functioning.
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PLEASE READ INSTRUCTION AND PLEASE HELP ME.
This is Entrepreneurship and creativity assignment PLEASE TYPE DO NOT HANDWRITE,
My problem statement is NASA has stopped sending human missions to moon Problem Statement:
Please choose two of the following Chapters from the textbook, and apply one of the tactics, described in each of the chapters, and apply them to enhance your thinking creatively to come up with innovative solutions to your problem statement - the one you identified in the last assignment "Ask Questions":
Please read from the textbook, How to be a Brilliant Thinker, Chapter 8 Think Creatively, pp. 35-38.
Please read from the textbook, How to be a Brilliant Thinker, Chapter 2 Consider the Opposite, pp. 6-9.
Please read from the textbook, How to be a Brilliant Thinker, Chapter 3 Confront Assumptions, pp. 10-14.
Please read from the textbook, How to be a Brilliant Thinker, Chapter 6 Think in Combinations, pp. 26-29.
Please read from the textbook, How to be a Brilliant Thinker, Chapter 7 Parallel Thinking, pp. 30-34.
Please read from the textbook, How to be a Brilliant Thinker, Chapter 9 Think Laterally, pp. 39-43.
For this assignment, please:
Problem Statement: State the problem you are solving.
Tactic #1: Identify the tactic or technique you are using, and explain how you are applying this technique or tactic to arrive at innovative and creative new solutions to the problem.
Please list at least at least 5 different solutions that you came up with using this tactic or technique.
Tactic #2: Please do the same using another tactic or technique from a different Chapter.
Reflection: Please compare the results and reflect on the effectiveness of each tactic towards helping you be creative.
Problem Statement: NASA has stopped sending human missions to the moon. Tactic #1: Chapter 2 Consider the Opposite - Applying this tactic, I will challenge the assumption that NASA should continue sending human missions to the moon.
By considering the opposite perspective, I can generate innovative solutions. Solutions: Establish international partnerships: Collaborate with other space agencies to share the cost and resources required for future moon missions.
Robotic missions: Invest in advanced robotic technologies to explore the moon's surface without risking human lives, allowing for cost-effective and continuous exploration.
Private sector involvement: Encourage private companies to develop and execute lunar missions, fostering competition and innovation in space exploration.
Virtual reality experiences: Create immersive virtual reality programs that simulate the experience of being on the moon, providing educational and inspirational opportunities for the public.
Lunar research collaborations: Focus on scientific research and establish partnerships with research institutions to conduct experiments and gather data remotely.
Tactic #2: Chapter 6 Think in Combinations - By combining different ideas and concepts, I can explore new possibilities for addressing the problem.
Solutions: Lunar tourism and resource extraction: Develop a sustainable business model that combines lunar tourism with resource extraction, utilizing moon resources to support further exploration.
Lunar colonization and research: Explore the possibility of establishing permanent lunar bases for scientific research and long-term space habitation.
International space cooperation: Form an international consortium to jointly fund and execute future lunar missions, sharing costs, knowledge, and expertise.
Lunar infrastructure development: Create a plan for building a moon-based infrastructure to support future space missions and facilitate scientific discoveries.
Lunar observatories: Establish telescopes and observatories on the moon's surface, taking advantage of its unique environment for astronomical observations.
Reflection: Both tactics have proven effective in enhancing creative thinking. Considering the opposite helped challenge assumptions and generate unconventional solutions. Thinking in combinations allowed for the exploration of novel ideas by merging different concepts. The combination of these tactics enabled me to think beyond traditional approaches and generated diverse and innovative solutions for the problem at hand. By employing these tactics, I was able to break free from conventional thinking patterns and expand the range of possibilities for addressing the challenge.
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Cullumber Incorporated management is considering investing in two alternative production systems. The systems are mutually exclusive, and the cost of the new equipment and the resulting cash flows are shown in the accompanying table. The firm uses a 8 percent discount rate for production system projects. Year System 1 -$13,200 0 1 Your answer is partially correct. 2 3 13,200 13,200 13,200 System 2 -$45,400 33,100 33,100 33,100 Calculate NPV. (Enter negative amounts using negative sign, e.g. -45.25. Do not round discount factors. Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 15.25.) NPV of System 1 is $ 1742630 and NPV of System 2 is $ In which system should the firm invest?
The NPV of System 2 is higher than the NPV of System 1, Cullumber Incorporated should invest in System 2 to maximize its net present value.
To determine which system the firm should invest in, we can calculate the net present value (NPV) of each system and compare the results. By summing the present value of the cash flows for each year, using the firm’s discount rate of 8 percent the NPV is calculated.
[tex]NPV = Cash flows / ( 1 + i ) ^ t[/tex]
Where:
NPV = net present value
cash flows = net cash flow at time t
i = discount rate
t = time of the cash flow
System 1:
Year 0:
= -$13,200 / (1 + 0.08)⁰
= -$13,200
Year 1:
= $13,200 / (1 + 0.08)¹
= $12,222.22
Year 2:
= $13,200 / (1 + 0.08)²
= $11,316.50
Year 3:
= $13,200 / (1 + 0.08)³
= $10,477.69
NPV of System 1 = -$13,200 + $12,222.22 + $11,316.50 + $10,477.69
= $20,816.41
System 2:
Year 0:
= -$45,400 / (1 + 0.08)⁰
= -$45,400
Year 1:
= $33,100 / (1 + 0.08)¹
= $30,648.15
Year 2:
= $33,100 / (1 + 0.08)²
= $28,378.10
Year 3:
= $33,100 / (1 + 0.08)³
= $26,277.87
NPV of System 2 = -$45,400 + $30,648.15 + $28,378.10 + $26,277.87
= $39,904.12
Therefore, the NPV of System 1 is $20,816.41 and the NPV of System 2 is $39,904.12.
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Please type or write clearly
19-A publisher faces the following demand schedule for the next novel from one of its popular authors Price Quantity Demanded $100 0 novels 90 100,000 80 200,000 70 300,000 60 400,000 50 500,000 40 60
Based on the demand schedule provided, the publisher faces the following demand for the next novel from one of its popular authors:
Price Quantity Demanded
$100 0 novels
$90 100,000 novels
$80 200,000 novels
$70 300,000 novels
$60 400,000 novels
$50 500,000 novels
$40 600,000 novels
As the price decreases, the quantity demanded increases. This represents a downward sloping demand curve, indicating that the author's novel has an elastic demand. At a price of $40, the publisher can expect to sell 600,000 novels, which is the highest quantity demanded in the given schedule.
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At a price of $40, the publisher can expect to sell 600,000 novels, which is the highest quantity demanded in the given schedule.Based on the demand schedule provided, the publisher faces the following demand for the next novel from one of its popular authors:
Price Quantity Demanded
$100 0 novels
$90 100,000 novels
$80 200,000 novels
$70 300,000 novels
$60 400,000 novels
$50 500,000 novels
$40 600,000 novels
As the price decreases, the quantity demanded increases. This represents a downward sloping demand curve, indicating that the author's novel has an elastic demand. At a price of $40, the publisher can expect to sell 600,000 novels, which is the highest quantity demanded in the given schedule.
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. Assume an economy is represented by the following: C = 200+ 0.85Yd G = 2000 I = 200 T = 1800 a. Suppose actual output is 3000. What is the level of planned expenditures at this level of output? (2 marks) (1 marks) i. What is the level of unplanned changes in inventories? Calculate the equilibrium level of output. b. (2 marks) c. Based on your analysis in Part (b), calculate the levels of consumption and saving that occur when the economy is in equilibrium. (2 marks) d. Now suppose that G decreases by 200 and T simultaneously decreases by 150. Calculate the new equilibrium level of income. (3 marks) e. Determine if the economy is operating with a deficit or surplus. (1 marks) (2 marks) 11. List and explain the three characteristics of money.
The level of planned expenditures at an output of 3000 is 1220. The Unplanned changes in inventories is 1780. At equilibrium, consumption (C) is 1220 and saving (S) is -20.
a. To determine the level of planned expenditures at an output of 3000, we can substitute Y = 3000 into the consumption function:
C = 200 + 0.85Yd
First, we need to calculate disposable income (Yd). Since taxes (T) are given as 1800, disposable income can be calculated as:
Yd = Y - T
Yd = 3000 - 1800
Yd = 1200
Now we can calculate the level of planned expenditures:
C = 200 + 0.85Yd
C = 200 + 0.85 * 1200
C = 200 + 1020
C = 1220
Therefore, the level of planned expenditures at an output of 3000 is 1220.
b. Unplanned changes in inventories occur when actual output differs from planned expenditures. To calculate the level of unplanned changes in inventories, we subtract planned expenditures from actual output:
Unplanned changes in inventories = Actual output - Planned expenditures
Unplanned changes in inventories = 3000 - 1220
Unplanned changes in inventories = 1780
c. The equilibrium level of output occurs when planned expenditures are equal to actual output. From part a, we know that planned expenditures are 1220 at the equilibrium level. Therefore, the equilibrium level of output is also 1220.
To calculate the levels of consumption (C) and saving (S) that occur when the economy is in equilibrium, we can use the consumption function:
C = 200 + 0.85Yd
Substituting Yd = 1200 (calculated in part a) into the consumption function:
C = 200 + 0.85 * 1200
C = 200 + 1020
C = 1220
Since saving (S) is the difference between disposable income and consumption, we can calculate it as:
S = Yd - C
S = 1200 - 1220
S = -20
Therefore, at equilibrium, consumption (C) is 1220 and saving (S) is -20.
d. If G decreases by 200 and T decreases by 150, we need to adjust the government expenditure (G) and taxes (T) in the expenditure function:
C = 200 + 0.85Yd
G = 2000 - 200
T = 1800 - 150
Substituting these values into the equilibrium condition:
Y = C + I + G + (X - M)
Y = (200 + 0.85Yd) + 200 + (2000 - 200) + (X - M)
Simplifying:
Y = 6000 + 0.85Yd + (X - M)
Since we don't have information about exports (X) and imports (M), we cannot calculate the new equilibrium level of income without further data.
e. To determine if the economy is operating with a deficit or surplus, we need to compare the government expenditure (G) and taxes (T):
If G > T, the economy is operating with a deficit.
If G < T, the economy is operating with a surplus.
If G = T, the economy is operating with a balanced budget.
Since G is given as 2000 and T is given as 1800, the economy is operating with a deficit.
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Jorgensen Lighting, Inc., manufactures heavy-duty street lighting systems for municipalities. The company uses variable costing for internal management reports and absorption costing for external reports to shareholders, creditors, and the government.
The company has provided the following data:
Year1 Year 2 Year 3
Inventories: Beginning (units $200 $170 $180
Ending (units) $170 $180 $220
Variable costing net operating income $1,080,400 $1,032,400 $996,400
The company's fixed manufacturing overhead per unit was constant at $560 for all three years.
Required:
1. Calculate each year's absorption costing net operating income.
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Variable Costing and Costing Net Operating Incomes. Add (deduct) fixed manufacturing overhead deferred in (released from) inventory under absorption costing. Absorption costing net operating income. Assume in year 4 that the company's variable Costing net operating income was $984,400 and it's absorption costing net operating income was $1,012,400.
a. Did inventories increase or decrease during year4?
i. increase
ii. decrease
b. How much-fixed manufacturing overhead cost was secret or released from inventory during year 4?
a. ii. decrease
b. $28,000 decrease in fixed manufacturing overhead cost was released from inventory during year 4.
a. The decrease in absorption costing net operating income compared to variable costing net operating income suggests that inventories decreased during year 4. Absorption costing includes fixed manufacturing overhead costs in inventory, so a decrease in net operating income indicates a decrease in inventory.
b. The difference between variable costing net operating income ($984,400) and absorption costing net operating income ($1,012,400) for year 4 is $28,000. This difference represents the amount of fixed manufacturing overhead cost that was released from inventory during the year.
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Exchange rates Fred Nappa is planning to take a wine-tasting tour through Italy this summer. The tour will cost 2,750 euros (€)2,750 euros (€) and includes transportation, hotels, and a guide. Fred estimates that round-trip airfare from his home in North Carolina to Rome, Italy, will be $1,490; he also will incur another $300 (U.S.) in incidental travel expenses. Fred estimates the cost of meals in Italy to be about €500€500, and he will take an additional $1,000 to cover miscellaneous expenditures. Currently, the exchange rate is 1.3411($/€)1.3411($/€) or €.7456($/€)€.7456($/€). A). Determine the total dollar cost of the trip to Italy. B). Determine the amount of euros (€) Fred will need to cover meals and miscellaneous expenditures.
Fred will need approximately €1,840.81 to cover meals and miscellaneous expenditures.
To determine the total dollar cost of the trip to Italy, we need to calculate the following expenses and convert them to dollars:
1. Tour cost: €2,750
Convert to dollars: €2,750 * €0.7456/$ = $2,048.20
2. Round-trip airfare: $1,490
3. Incidental travel expenses: $300
4. Total cost of meals and miscellaneous expenditures:
Meals: €500 * €0.7456/$ = $372.80
Miscellaneous expenditures: $1,000
Now, let's calculate the total dollar cost:
Total dollar cost = Tour cost + Airfare + Incidental expenses + Meals + Miscellaneous expenditures
Total dollar cost = $2,048.20 + $1,490 + $300 + $372.80 + $1,000
Total dollar cost = $5,211
Therefore, the total dollar cost of the trip to Italy is $5,211.
To determine the amount of euros (€) Fred will need to cover meals and miscellaneous expenditures, we need to convert the estimated cost of meals and miscellaneous expenditures from dollars to euros:
Total cost of meals and miscellaneous expenditures = (Meals + Miscellaneous expenditures) / €0.7456/$
Total cost of meals and miscellaneous expenditures = ($372.80 + $1,000) / €0.7456/$
Total cost of meals and miscellaneous expenditures = $1,372.80 / €0.7456/$
Total cost of meals and miscellaneous expenditures = €1,840.81
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Match the cultivars with the grass. Use each answer no more than once. Penncross, Penneagle, Crenshaw Meyer, Emerald, Diamond Raleigh, Floratam, Amerishade Match the grass with the description. Use each answer no more than once. Fine textured, high quality warm season grass used on sportsfields, fairways, and putting greens Inexpensive warm season grass that can be planted from seed, grows vigorously, and is not shade tolerant Cool season, shade tolerant lawn grass that can be kept alive as far south as central Texas if adequate irrigation and shade is available.as Most drought tolerant turfgrass Cools season grass that is most often considered a weed, produces abundant seedheads. and is especially problematic
The cultivars can be matched with the grass as follows:Penncross is a fine-textured, high-quality warm-season grass used on sportsfields, fairways, and putting greens. Penneagle: An inexpensive warm-season grass that can be planted from seed, grows vigorously, and is not shade-tolerant.
Crenshaw Meyer: Most drought-tolerant turfgrass Emerald: A cool-season grass that is most often considered a weed, produces abundant seedheads, and is especially problematic. Diamond Raleigh: A cool-season, shade-tolerant lawn grass that can be kept alive as far south as central Texas if adequate irrigation and shade are available.
Amerishade is a cool-season, shade-tolerant lawn grass that can be kept alive as far south as central Texas if adequate irrigation and shade are available. Floratam is an inexpensive warm-season grass that can be planted from seed, grows vigorously, and is not shade-tolerant. The above-mentioned answers match the cultivars with the grass as per the given question.
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The following transactions for the month of March have been journalized and posted to the proper accounts. Mar. 1 The business received $8,000 cash and issued common stock to stockholders. Mar. 2 Paid the first month's rent of $800. Mar. 3 Purchased equipment by paying $3,000 cash and executing a note payable for $8,000. Mar. 4 Purchased office supplies for $730 cash. Mar. 5 Billed a client for $9,000 of design services completed. Mar. 6 Received $7,500 on account for the services previously recorded. What is the balance in Cash on March 6? A. $10,970 B. $13,970 C. $11,770 D. $12,500
The balance in Cash on March 6 is $12,500.
This is the amount of cash received on account subtracted from the total amount of cash received and paid out in the previous transactions.
According to the question, the following transactions occurred in the month of March:
Mar. 1 The business received $8,000 cash and issued common stock to stockholders.
Mar. 2 Paid the first month's rent of $800.
Mar. 3 Purchased equipment by paying $3,000 cash and executing a note payable for $8,000.
Mar. 4 Purchased office supplies for $730 cash.
Mar. 5 Billed a client for $9,000 of design services completed.
Mar. 6 Received $7,500 on account for the services previously recorded.
To determine the balance in Cash on March 6, we need to subtract the cash paid out from the cash received.
On March 1, the business received $8,000 in cash and issued common stock to stockholders.
On March 3, the business purchased equipment by paying $3,000 in cash and executing a note payable for $8,000. On March 4, the business purchased office supplies for $730 in cash.
Therefore, the total cash received in the month of March is $8,000 + $3,000 = $11,000. The total cash paid out in the month of March is $800 + $730 = $1,530. Thus, the balance in Cash on March 6 is $11,000 - $1,530 + $7,500 = $12,500.
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If the price of mocha frapuccinos decreases, the Law of Demand states that: companies will produce more people will buy more frapuccinos people will buy fewer frapuccinos people will buy fewer skinny lattes Question 2 (1 point) If the price of mocha frapuccinos decreases, the Law of Supply states that: people will buy more companies will produce at least as much, maybe more companies will produce less companies will produce fewer skinny lattes
Therefore, with a decrease in price, the demand for mocha frappuccinos will increase, leading to more people buying them.
Now, moving on to the Law of Supply, if the price of mocha frappuccinos decreases, companies will produce at least as much, maybe more. The Law of Supply states that as the price of a good decreases, the quantity supplied of that good also decreases. in this case, companies are likely to produce more to meet the increased demand resulting from the lower price.
when the price of mocha frappuccinos decreases, according to the Law of Demand, people will buy more frappuccinos. And according to the Law of Supply, companies will produce at least as much, maybe more, to meet the increased demand.
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Maggie is currently using the website Matchmaker.com to help her search for a new partner. Maggie is enjoying going on the dates she has arranged through this website. She believes the marginal benefits are more than the marginal costs from using the website. Which of the following statements is true? Maggie should always continue using Matchmaker.com as the benefits outweigh the cost Maggie's opportunity cost from using Matchmaker.com will eventually start to rise and her benefits will eventually start to fall. Maggie should immediately cease using Matchmaker.com when she has a successful date. With her benefits per hour currently exceeding her costs per hour, Maggie is at the optimal level of information. Maggie's use of Matchmaker.com will become subject to diminishing returns to scale as her costs fall.
As Maggie uses Matchmaker.com to find a partner, her marginal benefits may eventually decline as she goes on more dates, while her opportunity cost may increase. At some point, the marginal costs may outweigh the benefits, and she may need to reconsider.
The true statement is: Maggie's opportunity cost from using Matchmaker.com will eventually start to rise and her benefits will eventually start to fall.
While Maggie may currently be enjoying the benefits of using the website and finding suitable partners, it is likely that at some point her marginal benefits will decrease as she goes on more dates and finds it harder to find compatible partners. Additionally, her opportunity cost of using the website, such as the time and effort spent on arranging dates, may increase as she becomes busier or finds other activities more fulfilling.
Therefore, it is likely that at some point, the marginal costs of using Matchmaker.com will exceed the marginal benefits, and Maggie may need to reconsider her use of the website.
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The VLM Company thanks customers through a social media post or with a surprise gift card. VLM solicits customer feedback to create the impression that customer opinions are valued and help create better products and services. VLM is an example of one of the following statements about advertising in social media. O a. Return on investment in social media advertising is universally accepted in all organizations. O b. Marketers advertise in social media as a means of deepening relationships with customers. O c. There is hard evidence supporting the effectiveness of social media advertising, O d. Like traditional advertising, the effectiveness of social media advertising is measurable.
VLM is an example of one of Marketers advertised in social media as a means of deepening relationships with customers. The correct option is b.
Metrics for social media marketing are always up for dispute. Some are subjective, while others are dependent on the specific goals of a brand. However, there is one social media marketing measure that most businesses overlook. ROC stands for Return on Conversation.
Too many firms are ignoring the true purpose of social media marketing, that occurs during interactions. Yes, this is how we actually engage with our audiences, but it is also how we begin to see a return on investment (ROI) in our natural social media efforts.
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If a stock is expected to pay a dividend of $40 for the current
year, what is the approximate present value of this stock, given at
discount rate of 5% and a dividend growth rate of 3%?
The approximate present value of the stock is $2,000. It's important to note that this is a simplified approximation and relies on the assumption of constant dividend growth.
To approximate the present value of a stock, we can use the Gordon Growth Model, also known as the dividend discount model (DDM). The Gordon Growth Model calculates the present value of a stock by discounting its future dividends. Here's how we can apply it to the given scenario:
1. Determine the expected dividend for the current year: In this case, the stock is expected to pay a dividend of $40 for the current year.
2. Determine the discount rate: The discount rate represents the required rate of return for the stock. In this case, the discount rate is 5%.
3. Determine the dividend growth rate: The dividend growth rate represents the expected annual increase in dividends. In this case, the growth rate is 3%.
4. Apply the Gordon Growth Model formula: The formula for the Gordon Growth Model is as follows:
Present Value = Dividend / (Discount Rate - Dividend Growth Rate)
Plugging in the values from our scenario:
Present Value = $40 / (0.05 - 0.03)
Present Value = $40 / 0.02
Present Value = $2,000
The Gordon Growth Model assumes that dividends will grow at a constant rate indefinitely. In reality, dividend growth rates can fluctuate, and companies may not maintain a consistent growth rate over time. Additionally, other factors such as market conditions and company-specific risks can impact the valuation of a stock. Therefore, this approximation should be used as a starting point and further analysis should be conducted to assess the intrinsic value of the stock.
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Which of the following is not a component of a time series? OA Cycles OB. Random variation OC Correlation OD. Trend Emslie Ltd produces learning materials for science assessments and its budgets show the following standard cost details: £ per unit 2.20 0.20 6.00 1.00 Paper (£200 per kg) Ink (£100 per kg) Labour (£8 per hour) Production overhead Emslie Ltd maintains a constant level of inventories. Demand for learning materials next period is expected to be 6,000 units but only 5,000 labour hours, 10 kg of ink and 70 kg of paper will be available. What will be the limiting factor next period? A. Labour only B. Ink only C. Ink and paper O. Paper only A restaurant generates a 22% contribution on its monthly sales of £125,000, all generated from its evening openings. A lunchtime menu is to be launched at a special fixed price of £5 in order to stimulate interest in the restaurant, and this is expected to result in a 10% increase in reservations and revenue during evening openings. The lunchtime menu will incur an average variable unit cost of £4 and generate monthly sales of £20,000. The effect of the lunchtime menu will be to increase the restaurant's monthly contribution to O A £6,750 OB. £30,250 OC. £31,500 OD. £34,250
OA is the answer for the first question. For the second question, the limiting factor next period will be ink and paper (Option C).
To determine the limiting factor, we need to compare the available resources with the requirements for production.
Labour:
We have 5,000 labor hours available, and the standard labor cost per unit is £8. The total labor cost available is 5,000 hours × £8/hour = £40,000. Since the labor cost requirement per unit is £1, the maximum number of units that can be produced with the available labor cost is £40,000/£1 = 40,000 units. Since the demand is 6,000 units, labor is not the limiting factor.
Ink:
We have 10 kg of ink available, and the standard ink cost per unit is £0.20. The total ink cost available is 10 kg × £100/kg = £1,000. Since the ink cost requirement per unit is £0.20, the maximum number of units that can be produced with the available ink cost is £1,000/£0.20 = 5,000 units. Since the demand is also 5,000 units, ink is the limiting factor.
Paper:
We have 70 kg of paper available, and the standard paper cost per unit is £6. The total paper cost available is 70 kg × £200/kg = £14,000. Since the paper cost requirement per unit is £6, the maximum number of units that can be produced with the available paper cost is £14,000/£6 = 2,333.33 units. Since the demand is 6,000 units, paper is not the limiting factor.
Therefore, the limiting factor next period is ink and paper.
The limiting factor for production next period in Emslie Ltd will be the availability of ink and paper. The company has enough labor hours but lacks sufficient quantities of ink and paper to meet the demand for learning materials.
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