1. E-wallets are relevant to internal trade as they provide a convenient and secure digital payment method, facilitating transactions between businesses and consumers within a country.
2. The Covid-19 pandemic and financial stability are relevant to international trade as they have significant impacts on global supply chains, consumer demand, and the overall economic environment, leading to disruptions and changes in trade patterns.
1. E-wallets have emerged as a relevant tool in internal trade due to their convenience and security. E-wallets are digital payment platforms that allow users to store funds and make electronic transactions. They provide a quick and efficient way to conduct business transactions, reducing the reliance on physical cash and traditional banking methods. E-wallets facilitate online purchases, promote cashless transactions, and enable businesses to accept payments digitally. This streamlines the internal trade process, making it more convenient for businesses and consumers to engage in transactions within a country's borders.
2. The Covid-19 pandemic and financial stability have had significant implications for international trade. The pandemic caused disruptions to global supply chains as lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing measures impacted production and transportation of goods and services. Many businesses faced challenges in maintaining their operations, leading to a decline in trade volumes. Additionally, consumer demand patterns shifted as people focused on essential goods and reduced discretionary spending. These changes in consumer behavior had implications for trade patterns and the types of products and services in demand.
Financial stability is also crucial for international trade. Financial crises or instability in one country can have spillover effects on other economies and their trade relationships. Financial stability ensures confidence in currency values, exchange rates, and the overall economic environment, which are essential for smooth international trade transactions. Uncertainty and volatility in financial markets can impact investment decisions, capital flows, and trade financing, potentially affecting the flow of goods and services across borders.
In summary, e-wallets facilitate internal trade by providing a convenient and secure digital payment method. The Covid-19 pandemic and financial stability are relevant to international trade as they impact global supply chains, consumer demand, and overall economic conditions, leading to disruptions and changes in trade patterns.
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Suppose labor is available to a firm at a cost of $20 per hour. Aso supposo that orrploying anoener hour of labor adds 5 unts to oulput and that any amount of output can bo soid for $5 per unit: An additional hour of labor would add: in addilienal reveniod to the fem. (Enter your response as a whole numer)
An additional hour of labour would add $25 additional revenue to the firm's revenue.
Since employing another hour of labor adds 5 units to output, and each unit can be sold for $5, the additional revenue generated from employing an extra hour of labor would be calculated as follows:
Additional revenue = Additional units of output * Price per unit
= 5 units * $5 per unit
= $25
Therefore, an additional hour of labor would add $25 to the firm's revenue.
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Correct question :
Suppose labour is available to a firm at a cost of $20 per hour. Also, suppose that employing another hour of labour adds 5 units to output and any amount of output can be sold for $5 per unit. An additional hour of labour would add _____ additional revenue to the firm's revenue. (Enter your response as a whole number)
Growth of the Service sector which now employs about 2/3rds of all workers over the past few decades is one possible explanation for the growing inequality in the US: we have more hamburger flippers and Wall Street analysts. Select one: O True O False
False. The growth of the service sector, which employs a large portion of workers in the US, is not the sole explanation for the growing inequality in the country.
The growing inequality in the US can be attributed to various factors, including changes in technology, globalization, and shifts in labor market dynamics. These factors have influenced the distribution of income and wealth in society. While the service sector has indeed seen substantial growth, it is important to recognize that not all service jobs are low-wage or contribute to inequality.
Inequality arises due to disparities in wages, educational opportunities, social mobility, and access to resources, among other factors. It is not solely determined by the sector of employment but is influenced by broader socio-economic and policy-related factors. Therefore, it is inaccurate to suggest that the growth of the service sector alone is responsible for the growing inequality in the US.
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During FY 2021, Adelphi Company reported sales of $400,000, a contribution margin of $8.00 per unit, fixed costs of $85,000, and net income of $25,000. Use this information to determine the number of units Adelphi sold during FY 2021.
Adelphi Company sold 13,750 units during FY 2021.
To determine the number of units sold by Adelphi Company during FY 2021, we can use the contribution margin per unit and the net income.
The contribution margin per unit is given as $8.00. We can use this information along with the net income to calculate the total contribution margin.
Net income = (Sales - Variable costs) - Fixed costs
Since the contribution margin per unit is the difference between sales and variable costs, we can rewrite the equation as:
Net income = (Contribution margin per unit × Number of units) - Fixed costs
We can rearrange the equation to solve for the number of units:
Number of units = (Net income + Fixed costs) / Contribution margin per unit
Plugging in the given values:
Net income = $25,000
Fixed costs = $85,000
Contribution margin per unit = $8.00
Number of units = ($25,000 + $85,000) / $8.00
Number of units = $110,000 / $8.00
Number of units = 13,750 units
Therefore, Adelphi Company sold 13,750 units during FY 2021.
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the department which investigates violations of federal law is the
The department which investigates violations of federal law is the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). It is the principal investigative agency of the United States government, responsible for conducting investigations and enforcing federal laws.
The FBI operates under the jurisdiction of the Department of Justice and has broad authority to investigate various crimes, including terrorism, organized crime, cybercrime, public corruption, and civil rights violations, among others. It plays a crucial role in maintaining national security and upholding the rule of law in the United States.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the primary investigative agency tasked with investigating violations of federal law in the United States. As part of the Department of Justice, the FBI has the authority to conduct investigations into a wide range of crimes that fall under federal jurisdiction. These include but are not limited to terrorism, organized crime, drug trafficking, cybercrime, public corruption, financial fraud, civil rights violations, and espionage. The FBI works collaboratively with other law enforcement agencies to gather evidence, conduct interviews, make arrests, and bring charges against individuals or groups involved in federal offenses. Its investigations play a crucial role in maintaining national security, protecting the public, and upholding the rule of law at the federal level.
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Gamma Corporation has a headquarters building that originally cost the company $500,000. The current estimated price of the building is $2,000,000. The President would like to report the difference as a gain. The write-up would represent a violation of which accounting assumption or principle? Revenue Recognition Principle Monetary Unit Assumption Full Disclosure Historical Cost Principle Going Concern Assumption
The write-up of the building's value by Gamma Corporation's President as a gain would represent a violation of the Historical Cost Principle in accounting.
The violation in this scenario is related to the Historical Cost Principle. The Historical Cost Principle states that assets should be recorded and reported at their original cost when acquired. It emphasizes the importance of using the original cost as a reliable and verifiable basis for financial reporting.
In this case, the President wants to report the difference between the original cost of $500,000 and the current estimated price of $2,000,000 as a gain. However, doing so would deviate from the Historical Cost Principle. The principle requires that the value of an asset should be recorded based on its original cost, not its current market value or any subsequent changes in value.
By reporting the difference as a gain, the President would be disregarding the principle's requirement to maintain consistency in the accounting treatment of assets. The principle ensures that financial statements provide a faithful representation of the company's financial position, and violating it could mislead users of the financial statements by inflating the reported gains or distorting the true value of the asset.
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A bond's coupon rate is less than its required rate of return is a a. Discount bond b. Par bond c. Premium Bond d. Coupon Bond Suppose an investor purchases a 91 days Treasury bill with a face value of $1,800 for $1,620. By holding the bill until the maturity date, the investor receive What is the amount of interest received by him? a. $280 b. $180 c. $1800 d. $3420
A bond's coupon rate is less than its required rate of return is known as a discount bond. This implies that an investor purchasing the bond is ready to pay less than the face value of the bond. The discount rate is usually greater than the coupon rate, and the price of a discount bond is always less than the face value of the bond.
This is due to the fact that the present value of the bond's cash flows is less than the bond's face value. A bond's coupon rate is less than its required rate of return means that it is a discount bond.
By holding the bill until the maturity date, the investor receives:$1,800-$1,620=$180.The amount of interest received by him is $180. Therefore, the correct option is b. $180.
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How does monetary policy affect equilibrium GDP? How can it address the problem of recession or slow growth, and Inflation? What type of monetary policy should the central bank apply to face a virus pandemic like Covid-19?
Monetary policy impacts equilibrium GDP by adjusting the money supply and interest rates, affecting aggregate demand.
In times of recession, central banks typically use expansionary policy to stimulate the economy, whereas during inflation, contractionary policy is applied. During a pandemic like COVID-19, a blend of measures is required to maintain economic stability and growth. Monetary policy can either expand or contract the economy, with expansionary policy increasing the money supply, reducing interest rates and stimulating borrowing and investment. During a recession or slow growth, such policy encourages increased aggregate demand, pulling the economy out of recession. Conversely, during inflation, contractionary policy reduces the money supply and raises interest rates, slowing down economic activity to prevent overheating. In response to a pandemic such as COVID-19, central banks must balance these actions while considering unique factors like business disruptions and potential long-term economic damage. This could involve interest rate cuts, quantitative easing, and specific programs to support key sectors.
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if a more efficient technology was discovered by a firm, there would be
If a more efficient technology was discovered by a firm, there would be a decrease in the firm's costs of production. A firm is an organization that produces goods or services for sale. It can also be referred to as a company. The primary aim of a firm is to maximize profit, which is the difference between total revenue and total cost.
Technology refers to the application of scientific knowledge to create something useful. It encompasses all the tools, machinery, techniques, and methods used to produce goods and services. Technological advancements have led to increased productivity, efficiency, and innovation in various sectors, including agriculture, medicine, communication, and manufacturing.
If a firm discovers a more efficient technology, it can significantly reduce its production costs. This is because the new technology is likely to be faster, more reliable, and require fewer resources, such as labor, raw materials, and energy. The firm can then use these cost savings to lower the price of its products or increase its profit margins.
An example of how technology can reduce production costs is the use of robots in manufacturing. Robots can perform tasks that were previously done by humans, which saves time and money. They can also work continuously, which increases production output.
Therefore, if a firm adopts the use of robots, it can reduce its labor costs and increase its productivity.
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On August 16, 2022. President Joe Biden signed a major piece of legislation into federal law that will in part address climate change. Here are some sources that list the various elements in this new law. - Inflation reduction act of 2022, Pub, L. No. 117⋅169,(2022). https: # www.congress.gov/bill/117thcongress/house-bill/5376/text - Paris, F., Parlapiano, A., Sanger-Karz, M., E Washington, E. (August 16, 2022). A detailed picture of what's in the Democrats' climate and health bill. New York Times. https: / nyti.ms/3peErof - Stein, J., Joselow, M., \& Roubein, R. \{August 15. 2022). How the Inflation Reduction Act might affect you ⋯ and change the U.S. Washington Post. https: / wnw.washingtonpost.com/us. policy/2022/07/28/manchin-schumerclimate-deal// Choose one of the newly funded areas to address climate change from the recently enacted law. How can various sectors in the polity collaborate in the area you chose? Assume you are the chief climate official of your city, county, or state (select one). Your leader has just asked you to identify one area of the law your city, county, or state can begin to work on. You may pick any idea, but only one, and you will need to involve various sectors in your plan. Name at least one contribution that each of the eight entities listed below could make to the implementation of this idea, and why you think so. - Federal government. - State government, - Local government - Tribal governments - Nonprofit organizations - Private sector - Individual citizens - You, as chief climate official
On August 16, 2022, President Joe Biden signed a major piece of legislation into federal law that will in part address climate change.
The newly funded area to address climate change is the development of wind and solar power plants to create new jobs while also reducing emissions. The private sector can collaborate with local and state governments to facilitate a investing in research and development to create new technologies for these plants.
Nonprofit organizations and individual citizens can contribute by promoting public awareness of the benefits of renewable energy sources. The federal government, in collaboration with state and local governments, can provide subsidies for wind and solar power plants to encourage investment.
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Which one of the cash flows below represents non-conventional cash flows?
a.
-100, -50, +80, +150
b.
-100, +50, -80, +150
c.
-100, +50, +80, +150
d.
-100, -50, -80, +150
-100, +50, -80, +150 represents non-conventional cash flows because it includes cash flows that change direction more than once. The correct answer is option b.
The cash flows in option b start with a negative cash flow of -100, then change to a positive cash flow of +50, then change back to a negative cash flow of -80, and finally end with a positive cash flow of +150.
This alternating pattern of positive and negative cash flows makes it non-conventional.
In contrast, options a, c, and d have cash flows that follow a more conventional pattern, either consistently positive or consistently negative without changing direction multiple times.
The correct answer is option b.
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What are the similarities between competition law Canada and
USA?
Competition law in Canada and the United States shares several similarities due to their common goals of promoting fair competition, protecting consumers, and preventing anticompetitive practices.
Here are some key similarities: Legal Framework: Both Canada and the United States have comprehensive competition laws. In Canada, it is known as the Competition Act, while in the United States, it is enforced by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) through the Sherman Act and the Clayton Act.
Prohibition of Anticompetitive Practices: Both countries prohibit various anticompetitive practices, such as price fixing, bid-rigging, market allocation, and abuse of dominant market position. These practices are seen as detrimental to competition and consumers.
Merger Control: Both jurisdictions have systems in place to review and approve or challenge mergers and acquisitions that may substantially lessen competition. The authorities assess the potential impact on market concentration and consumer welfare.
Enforcement Agencies: In both countries, dedicated enforcement agencies are responsible for implementing and enforcing competition laws, investigating complaints, and taking legal action against violators.
International Cooperation: Canada and the United States engage in international cooperation on competition matters, including information sharing, coordination, and cooperation with other jurisdictions.
While there are similarities, it is important to note that there are also differences in the specific provisions and application of competition law between Canada and the United States.
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Which of the following is at the top of the communication effects pyramid?A.awarenessB.knowledgeC.likingD.preferenceE.purchase/repurchase
The communication effects pyramid is a five-stage model that identifies how consumers move from being unaware of a product or service to making a purchase decision. It consists of the following stages: awareness, knowledge, liking, preference, and purchase/repurchase.
Each stage of the pyramid represents a different level of consumer behavior. The goal of advertising is to move consumers up the pyramid, from the bottom to the top.
Each stage is essential because it provides a foundation for the next stage. At the top of the communication effects pyramid is E. purchase/repurchase.
Purchase/repurchase represents the ultimate goal of advertising, which is to convince consumers to buy the product or service. It is the most critical stage because it is the ultimate measure of the effectiveness of advertising. If consumers are not willing to purchase or repurchase the product, then advertising has not been successful.
It is important to note that each stage of the communication effects pyramid is interconnected. For example, awareness leads to knowledge, which leads to liking, which leads to preference, which ultimately leads to purchase/repurchase. In other words, if consumers are not aware of the product, they cannot have knowledge about it, and if they do not like it, they are unlikely to purchase it.
Each stage of the pyramid is vital in advertising, and marketers should focus on each stage to ensure success. However, purchase/repurchase is the ultimate goal of advertising, and marketers should aim to create messages that motivate consumers to take action and purchase the product or service.
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Please use this information to answer the question below: A US firm expented accounts receivable from UK due in 90 days GBP 5,000,000 Current spot rate (sr) for GBP $1.56 The 90-day forward rate for GBP $1,58 If the US firms uses a forward hedge, estimate the cost of hedging the receivable if the spot rate for GBP 90 days later turns out to be $1.63
A. $150,000
B. <$150,000>
C. $250,000
D. <$250,000>
The cost of hedging the receivable if the spot rate for GBP 90 days later turns out to be $1.63 with a forward hedge is B. <$150,000>.
Given, US firm expended accounts receivable from the UK due in 90 days GBP 5,000,000
Current spot rate (sr) for GBP $1.56
The 90-day forward rate for GBP $1,58
The forward rate for GBP 90 days later = $1.58 per GBP.
Let us say the US firm decides to buy a forward contract of GBP 5,000,000 and lock in the forward rate of $1.58 per GBP to sell the receivable in 90 days.
The cost of a forward contract is $10,000 (0.20% of GBP 5,000,000)
Since the spot rate for GBP 90 days later is higher than the forward rate, the US firm would have been better off not hedging the receivable. In this case, the US firm would have received $1.63 per GBP without the hedge.
The US firm’s proceeds if it had not hedged = GBP 5,000,000 x $1.63 per GBP = $8,150,000
The US firm’s proceeds if it had hedged = GBP 5,000,000 x $1.58 per GBP = $7,900,000
The cost of hedging the receivable = $8,150,000 - $7,900,000 = $250,000
Since the spot rate is higher than the forward rate, the US firm would have been better off without the hedge.
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How will the level of control risk (high risk vs. low risk) affect interim testing?
The level of control risk, whether high or low, will have an impact on the nature and extent of interim testing.
Control risk refers to the risk that a material misstatement will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by an entity's internal controls. When control risk is assessed as high, it means there is a greater likelihood of material misstatements occurring and not being detected by the internal controls. In such cases, auditors will need to perform more extensive interim testing to obtain sufficient assurance about the accuracy and reliability of the financial statements.
When control risk is low, it implies that the internal controls are effective in preventing and detecting material misstatements. In this scenario, auditors can rely more on the effectiveness of internal controls and may perform less extensive interim testing. However, it is important to note that even with low control risk, some level of testing is still necessary to provide reasonable assurance.
The level of control risk directly affects the auditor's assessment of the risk of material misstatement and the audit procedures they perform. Higher control risk necessitates more rigorous testing procedures during interim testing to compensate for the increased risk of undetected misstatements. Conversely, lower control risk allows auditors to place more reliance on internal controls and potentially reduce the extent of interim testing. Ultimately, the level of control risk guides auditors in determining the appropriate approach and scope of interim testing for the audit engagement.
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Reversing entries are a. Made at the end of an accounting period b. Required for each accounting period c. Made together with the adjusting entries d. Made at the beginning of an accounting period
The primary benefit of reversing entries is that they allow for a cleaner separation of accounting periods and facilitate the recording of new transactions without the need to consider the previous period's adjusting entries.
Reversing entries are made at the beginning of an accounting period and are the exact opposite of adjusting entries made at the end of the previous accounting period. Their purpose is to simplify the recording of subsequent transactions and ensure accurate financial reporting.
Reversing entries are typically used for accruals and deferrals that were recorded in the previous period but have not yet been reversed. By reversing these entries, the impact of these temporary accounts is nullified, making it easier to record subsequent transactions.
The primary benefit of reversing entries is that they allow for a cleaner separation of accounting periods and facilitate the recording.
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Monetary Policy causes shifts in AD/AS diagrams through the _ component of Real GDP. Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a Investment b Government Spending c Export d Tax e Import
The correct answer is "a Investment." Monetary policy can influence aggregate demand and supply in the economy, leading to shifts in the aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AS) curves.
Changes in monetary policy, such as adjustments in interest rates or money supply, can impact investment decisions by businesses, affecting their spending on capital goods, research and development, and other productive activities. These changes in investment levels can cause shifts in the aggregate demand curve and subsequently impact real GDP.
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Conduct TOWS analysis of a cannabis store in canada. Include strategy recommendations.
TOWS analysis, also known as SWOT analysis, is a strategic planning tool used to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a business.
Strengths: The cannabis store may have strengths such as a diverse product offering, knowledgeable staff, and a strong brand presence. These strengths can be leveraged to differentiate from competitors and attract customers.
Weaknesses: Weaknesses could include limited product variety, lack of market experience, or regulatory constraints. Addressing these weaknesses through product expansion, staff training, and compliance measures can improve competitiveness.
Opportunities: Opportunities in the Canadian cannabis market may include the growing acceptance and demand for cannabis products, potential legalization changes, and untapped market segments. Capitalizing on these opportunities through market expansion, product innovation, and targeted marketing can lead to growth.
Threats: Threats may include intense competition, regulatory changes, and potential health concerns. Mitigating threats can involve strategic partnerships, staying updated on regulations, and maintaining product quality and safety standards.
Strategy recommendations based on the TOWS analysis could include focusing on product diversification and enhancing the store's online presence to cater to changing consumer preferences and reach a wider audience. Building strong relationships with local suppliers and community involvement can help create a loyal customer base. Additionally, staying updated on evolving regulations and ensuring compliance can mitigate risks and maintain a competitive edge. Implementing effective marketing strategies, including educational campaigns, can help dispel misconceptions and promote responsible cannabis use.
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Wisconsin Snowmobile Corp. is considering a switch to level production. Cost efficiencies would occur under level production, and aftertax costs would decline by $28,000, but inventory would increase by $280,000. Wisconsin Snowmobile would have to finance the extra inventory at a cost of 11.5 percent. a-1. Determine the extra cost or savings of switching over to level production. a-2. Should the company go ahead and switch to level production? Yes No b. How low would interest rates need to fall before level production would be feasible? (Input your answer as a percent rounded to the nearest whole number.)
The company would save $28,000 on costs and would incur $25,200 ($280,000 × 0.115) of interest expenses, resulting in a net saving of $2,800. The Explanation is given below:
Given, After tax costs would decline by $28,000The cost of extra inventory is $280,000 Finance the extra inventory at a cost of 11.5 percent. If the company goes to level production, the inventory would increase by $280,000. The company would save $28,000 on costs but would incur $25,200 ($280,000 × 0.115) of interest expenses, resulting in a net saving of $2,800.So, the extra cost or savings of switching over to level production is $25,200. a-2. The direct answer is Yes. If the extra cost or savings of switching over to level is positive, it would be advisable to switch to level production. Wisconsin Snowmobile can save $2,800, which is positive.
As a result, the company should switch to level production. The direct answer to Cost of extra inventory = $280,000Finance the extra inventory at a cost of 11.5 percent. The interest rate would need to be 8% or lower before level production becomes feasible. This is calculated as follows: $280,000 × 0.08 = $22,400 The cost savings of $28,000 minus $22,400 in interest expenses equal a net savings of $5,600. Since the net savings are positive, level production would be feasible if the interest rate falls to 8% or lower.
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Tutorial question – IAS38 & IFRS15
On 1 January 2022, ABC given XYZ a licence with endless date to sell a flu product in Southeast Asia. ABC has kept the right sell the flu product in the rest of the world. The Southeast Asia’s market relative value compared to the rest of the world is 15%. The production process used to make the flu product is not specialised and several other entities could also produce it for XYZ. XYZ will buy flu product directly from ABC at cost plus 45%. The product has been sold for a few years.
On 1 January 2022, XYZ made an advance payment of RM7.5 million and will make an additional payment of RM1.5 million when Southeast Asia sales exceed RM17.5 million. ABC had capitalised development costs for flu as an intangible asset at a carrying amount of RM15 million.
You are required to:
(a) propose how to account for the transaction above in accordance with relevant IASs/IFRSs/MFRSs.
Format:
1.Brief relevant discussion on: Key definition, Recognition, Measurement & Disclosure/Presentation of IAS38& IFRS15.
2. Propose how ABC can account for the above transaction in accordance with the above IASs.
The transaction described involves the licensing of a flu product from ABC to XYZ, with XYZ having the right to sell the product in Southeast Asia while ABC retains the rights for the rest of the world. XYZ makes advance payments and will make additional payments based on sales performance.
1. Key Definitions, Recognition, Measurement & Disclosure/Presentation of IAS 38 and IFRS 15:
IAS 38 provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of intangible assets. It defines intangible assets as identifiable non-monetary assets without physical substance. Recognition of an intangible asset requires it to meet certain criteria, such as being separable, controlled by the entity, and expected to generate future economic benefits.
IFRS 15 addresses revenue recognition and sets out a five-step model. It requires revenue to be recognized when control over goods or services is transferred to the customer, and when certain criteria are met, such as the identification of performance obligations, determination of transaction price, and allocation of revenue.
2. Proposed Accounting Treatment for ABC:
ABC should recognize the intangible asset related to the flu product in accordance with IAS 38. The carrying amount of RM15 million represents the capitalized development costs, which should be reviewed for impairment, if any.
Regarding the transaction with XYZ, ABC should assess the performance obligations and determine when control over the flu product is transferred to XYZ. Revenue recognition under IFRS 15 should be based on the satisfaction of performance obligations and the transfer of control. The advance payment of RM7.5 million should be recognized as a liability initially and subsequently recognized as revenue when control is transferred.
The additional payment of RM1.5 million should be recognized as revenue when the sales threshold of RM17.5 million is met, as it represents additional consideration for the transfer of control over the flu product.
Disclosure requirements under IAS 38 and IFRS 15 should be fulfilled, providing relevant information about the intangible asset, revenue recognition policies, and the nature of the transaction with XYZ
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To account for the transaction described above in accordance with the relevant accounting standards , we need to consider the key definitions, recognition, measurement, and disclosure/presentation requirements of these standards.
IAS 38 - Intangible Assets:
IAS 38 provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of intangible assets. An intangible asset is defined as an identifiable non-monetary asset without physical substance. Recognition: An intangible asset should be recognized if it meets the definition and recognition criteria set out in IAS 38.
Measurement: Initially, an intangible asset should be measured at cost, which includes all directly attributable costs necessary to bring the asset to its intended use. Disclosure/Presentation: The financial statements should disclose information about the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining the asset's useful life, amortization method, and residual value.
IFRS 15 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers:
Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer.
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
Step 3: Determine the transaction price.
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations.
Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.
Accounting for the transaction:
IAS 38: ABC should recognize the advance payment received from XYZ as a liability, as there is a performance obligation to provide the license for selling the flu product. IFRS 15: ABC should identify the performance obligation in the contract, which is granting XYZ the license to sell the flu product in Southeast Asia.
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Show Attempt History Current Attempt in Progress Blossom Rental Company provided the following information to its auditors. For the year ended March 31, 2017, the company had revenues of $873,988, general and administrative expenses of $352,556, depreciation expenses of $131,455, leasing expenses of $108,195, and interest expenses equal to $78,122. If the company's average tax rate is 34 percent, what is the cash flow from operating activity for Blossom Rental? (Round intermediate calculations and final answer to the nearest whole dollar, e.g. 5,275.) Cash flow from operation
The cash flow from operating activities for Blossom Rental Company is approximately $265,797.
To calculate the cash flow from operating activities for Blossom Rental Company, we need to start with the net income and adjust it for non-cash expenses and changes in working capital.
First, we calculate the net income by subtracting the total expenses (general and administrative expenses, depreciation expenses, leasing expenses, and interest expenses) from the revenues: Net Income = Revenues - Total Expenses Net Income = $873,988 - ($352,556 + $131,455 + $108,195 + $78,122) Net Income = $203,660
Next, we adjust for non-cash expenses, which include depreciation expenses: Cash Flow from Operating Activities = Net Income + Depreciation Expenses Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $203,660 + $131,455 Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $335,115
Lastly, we consider the effect of taxes. The company's average tax rate is 34 percent, so we calculate the tax expense: Tax Expense = Net Income * Tax Rate Tax Expense = $203,660 * 0.34 Tax Expense = $69,317.60
To calculate the final cash flow from operating activities, we subtract the tax expense from the adjusted net income: Cash Flow from Operating Activities = Net Income + Depreciation Expenses - Tax Expense Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $335,115 - $69,317.60 Cash Flow from Operating Activities = $265,797.40
Therefore, the cash flow from operating activities for Blossom Rental Company is approximately $265,797.
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Identify arbitrage opportunities and specify what an arbitrager should do to make a risk free profit in the following situation:
A one yr American put (non-dividend paying) is currently selling for $4.
Stock price is 60, strike price is 70, risk free rate is 0.02 p.a.
An arbitrager should buy the put option for $4 and simultaneously short-sell the stock for $60. The proceeds from the short sale can be invested at the risk-free rate of 0.02, earning a risk-free return.
To identify arbitrage opportunities, we need to compare the intrinsic value of the option with its market price. The intrinsic value of an American put option is the maximum of zero or the difference between the strike price and the stock price. In this case, the intrinsic value is max(0, 70 - 60) = 10.
If the market price of the put option is lower than its intrinsic value, an arbitrager can buy the option and short-sell an equivalent amount of the underlying stock to create a risk-free position. The proceeds from short-selling the stock can be invested at a risk-free rate, generating a risk-free profit.
In this situation, the put option is selling for $4, which is less than its intrinsic value of $10. Therefore, an arbitrager should buy the put option for $4 and simultaneously short-sell the stock for $60. The proceeds from the short sale can be invested at the risk-free rate of 0.02, earning a risk-free return.
By doing so, the arbitrager can lock in a risk-free profit of $10 - $4 = $6. This strategy takes advantage of the mispricing of the put option and ensures a risk-free profit for the arbitrager.
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GHI Ltd has current earnings of $1 per share and a last dividend paid $0.50. It is expected that dividend will grow at the rate of 6 percent p.a. for the next three years and then level off (i.e. revert to zero growth) on year four onwards till infinity. a. Determine the expected share price of GHI Ltd using the dividend growth model. Assume that a cost of equity of 10 percent is applicable. (8 marks) b. Without showing any calculations, determine changes of price of the share if the required rate of return decreases. (2 marks)
A. The expected share price of GHI Ltd using the dividend growth model is $33.80.
B. T he present value of future dividends will be higher, leading to an increase in the share price.
a. To determine the expected share price of GHI Ltd using the dividend growth model, we can use the formula:
P = D / (r - g)
Where:
P = expected share price
D = last dividend paid * (1 + growth rate)^n, where n is the number of years in the future
r = cost of equity
g = expected growth rate
Using the information provided, we can calculate the expected dividends for the next three years and the terminal value at year 4 onwards:
Expected dividend in year 1 = $0.50 * (1 + 6%)^1 = $0.53
Expected dividend in year 2 = $0.50 * (1 + 6%)^2 = $0.56
Expected dividend in year 3 = $0.50 * (1 + 6%)^3 = $0.59
Terminal value at year 4 onwards = $0.59 / (10% - 0%) = $5.90
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
P = ($0.53 + $0.56 + $0.59 + $5.90) / (10% - 6%) = $33.80
Therefore, the expected share price of GHI Ltd using the dividend growth model is $33.80.
b. If the required rate of return decreases, the price of the share will increase. This is because a lower required rate of return means that investors are willing to pay more for each dollar of earnings. Consequently, the present value of future dividends will be higher, leading to an increase in the share price.
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Sharon Siver is an attomney in Los Angeles. Silver uses the direct write-off method to account for uncollectible receivables. At April 30, 2024, Silver's accounts receivable totaled $21,000. During May, she earned revenue c $23,000 on account and collected $22,000 on account. She also wrote off uncollectible receivables of $2.530 on May 31, 2024
Use the direct write-off method to journalize Siver's write-off of the uncollectible receivables.
The direct write-off method is a simple way to account for uncollectible receivables in the records of a company.
The approach entails removing the uncollectible debt from the account and reflecting it as a loss in the company's accounts. In this case, Sharon Silver is an attorney in Los Angeles who utilizes the direct write-off method to account for uncollectible receivables.
To journalize her write-off of the uncollectible receivables, she will need to use the following entry: Accounts Receivable $2,530 Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $2,530 (To record uncollectible accounts) It is worth noting that the write-off of uncollectible receivables does not affect the income statement of the company because it is classified as an operating expense.
Instead, it impacts the company's balance sheet since it reduces the accounts receivable balance and the allowance for doubtful accounts.
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Suppose the costs of production increase to 123.222. If the price of wine stays at $20 per bottle, what will be the quantity supplied in the market?
If the costs of production increase to 123.222 and the price of wine remains at $20 per bottle, the quantity supplied in the market will depend on the relationship between the new costs and the supply curve.
To determine the quantity supplied in the market, we need to consider the supply curve. The supply curve represents the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity that suppliers are willing and able to produce and sell. However, the supply curve's specific equation or formula is not provided in the given question.
In general, an increase in production costs may lead to a decrease in the quantity supplied. When costs increase, businesses may face lower profit margins or even losses, which can discourage them from producing as much as before. However, the magnitude of the decrease in quantity supplied depends on factors such as the elasticity of supply and the extent of cost increases.
Without further information about the supply curve or the specific relationship between costs and quantity supplied, it is not possible to determine the exact quantity supplied when the costs increase to 123.222. A more detailed analysis, considering factors such as the elasticity of supply and the behavior of producers, would be necessary to provide a precise answer.
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Compare the statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance with the schedule of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance - budget and actual, providing both similarities and differences.
The statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance and the schedule of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance - budget and actual are both financial reports that provide information about the financial activities of an entity. While they share similarities in terms of content and purpose, there are also key differences between the two.
The statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance is a financial statement that summarizes the inflows and outflows of financial resources for a specific period. It provides an overview of the entity's revenues, such as taxes and fees collected, as well as its expenditures, such as salaries, supplies, and services. The statement also shows the changes in fund balance, which is the difference between revenues and expenditures.
On the other hand, the schedule of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance - budget and actual compares the budgeted amounts with the actual amounts for each category. It breaks down the revenues and expenditures according to the budgeted amounts and the actual amounts incurred during the period. This schedule is particularly useful for monitoring and analyzing budgetary performance.
The similarities between the two reports lie in their focus on revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance. Both provide information about the financial operations of an entity and help assess its financial performance. They also contribute to accountability and transparency in financial reporting.
However, the key difference is that the statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance provides a comprehensive summary of all financial activities, regardless of the budget. It includes both the budgeted and non-budgeted items, allowing for a broader perspective on the entity's overall financial position. In contrast, the schedule of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance - budget and actual focuses specifically on the budgeted amounts and compares them to the actual results, providing insights into budget performance and variances.
In conclusion, while both the statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance and the schedule of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance - budget and actual serve similar purposes of financial reporting, the latter provides a more detailed analysis of budget performance by comparing budgeted amounts to actual results.
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1.1 Discuss how the production possibility frontier model can be used to illustrate the basic economic problem of scarcity. (20) 1.2 Explain the consumer equilibrium condition according to utility theory. Include in your answer the provision of its formula. (10)
Discuss how the production possibility frontier model can be used to illustrate the basic economic problem of scarcity. The production possibility frontier (PPF) model is a microeconomic model that illustrates.
Because resources are limited in quantity, the model may be used to demonstrate how the basic economic problem of scarcity affects a country. The PPF model shows that a country's resources are limited and that the production of one good comes at the expense of the production of another good when the country is producing goods efficiently.
Therefore, the country is faced with the problem of determining the best allocation of its resources in order to maximize its well-being. The production possibility frontier is a curve that depicts the various combinations of two goods that a country may produce using all of its available resources efficiently.
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Assume a par value of $1,000. Caspian Sea plans to issue a 13.00 year, annual pay bond that has a coupon rate of 8.00%. If the yield to maturity for the bond is 8.0%, what will the price of the bond be?
The price of the bond can be calculated using the present value formula. The formula takes into account the future cash flows from the bond, discounted at the yield to maturity rate, to determine the present value. In this case, the bond has a par value of $1,000 and a coupon rate of 8.00%. The yield to maturity is also 8.0% and the bond has a maturity of 13.00 years.
To calculate the price of the bond, we need to discount the future cash flows (coupon payments and the final principal payment) to their present values. The coupon payments are $80 per year (8% of $1,000) for 13 years. The principal payment is the par value of $1,000 to be received at the end of the 13th year.
Using the present value formula and discounting the cash flows at the yield to maturity rate of 8.0%, we can calculate the present value of each cash flow and sum them up to get the price of the bond.
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what is the difference between a mortgage and a note
A mortgage is a legal agreement that creates a lien on a property as collateral for a loan, while a note is a written promise to repay the loan amount and its terms.
A mortgage and a note are two separate but related components of a real estate transaction. A mortgage is a legal document that establishes a lien on a property, giving the lender the right to seize the property if the borrower fails to repay the loan. It serves as security for the loan. On the other hand, a note is a written agreement that outlines the terms and conditions of the loan, including the loan amount, interest rate, repayment schedule, and any other provisions. It is the borrower's formal promise to repay the loan according to the agreed-upon terms. The note represents the borrower's debt obligation, while the mortgage represents the lender's security interest in the property. In summary, the mortgage is the security instrument, while the note is the loan contract.
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The expected return for Bangor Bakery (BB) is 11%. The rate on
US Treasuries is 2% and the return on the S&P 500 is expected
to be 9%. What is the beta of Bangor Bakery?
To calculate the beta of Bangor Bakery (BB), we need to use the following formula:
Beta (BB) = (Return (BB) - Risk-Free Rate) / (Return (Market) - Risk-Free Rate)
Given the following information:
Expected return for Bangor Bakery (BB) = 11%
Rate on US Treasuries (Risk-Free Rate) = 2%
Expected return on the S&P 500 (Market) = 9%
Let's plug these values into the formula:
Beta (BB) = (0.11 - 0.02) / (0.09 - 0.02)
= 0.09 / 0.07
= 1.29
Therefore, the beta of Bangor Bakery is 1.29.
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To calculate the beta of Bangor Bakery (BB), we need to use the following formula:
Beta (BB) = (Return (BB) - Risk-Free Rate) / (Return (Market) - Risk-Free Rate)
Given the following information:
Expected return for Bangor Bakery (BB) = 11%
Rate on US Treasuries (Risk-Free Rate) = 2%
Expected return on the S&P 500 (Market) = 9%
Let's plug these values into the formula:
Beta (BB) = (0.11 - 0.02) / (0.09 - 0.02)
= 0.09 / 0.07
= 1.29
Therefore, the beta of Bangor Bakery is 1.29.
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10.
help pls
You made an investment over the past year, and your nominal return was \( 13.3 \% \). Over the same year, the rate of inflation was \( 2.7 \% \). What was the real rate of return for this investment?
The real rate of return for this investment was approximately 10.21%.
To calculate the real rate of return, we need to adjust the nominal return for inflation. This gives us the actual purchasing power gained or lost from the investment.
The real rate of return can be calculated using the following formula:
Real Rate of Return = [(1 + Nominal Rate) / (1 + Inflation Rate)] - 1
Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:
Real Rate of Return = [(1 + 0.133) / (1 + 0.027)] - 1
= 0.1021 or 10.21%
Therefore, the real rate of return for this investment was approximately 10.21%.
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