Two business functions applied by BM from the scenario are strategic management and procurement.
What is the explanation for the above ?Strategic management is evident in their practice of setting direction and establishing priorities for their business,which helps guide their decision-making and overall business strategy.
Procurement is also observed as they buy raw materials in bulk at lower prices,highlighting their efficient sourcing and supply chain management practices.
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Sandra’s Purse Boutique has the following transactions related to its top-selling Gucci purse for the month of October. Sandra's Purse Boutique uses a periodic inventory system.
Date Transactions Units Unit Cost Total Cost
October 1 Beginning inventory 6 $ 790 $ 4,740
October 4 Sale 4
October 10 Purchase 5 800 4,000
October 13 Sale 3
October 20 Purchase 4 810 3,240
October 28 Sale 7
October 30 Purchase 8 820 6,560
$ 18,540
3. Using LIFO, calculate ending inventory and cost of goods sold at October 31.
Using the LIFO method, the ending inventory for Sandra's Purse Boutique at October 31 is $7,470, and the cost of goods sold (COGS) for the month of October is $11,160.
To calculate ending inventory and cost of goods sold (COGS) using the LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) method, we need to assume that the most recent purchases are the first ones to be sold. Here are the steps to calculate the ending inventory and COGS for Sandra's Purse Boutique:
Calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) for each sale:
October 4 Sale: 4 units sold from the beginning inventory (6 units at $790 per unit). COGS = 4 units x $790 = $3,160.
October 13 Sale: 3 units sold from the first purchase on October 10 (5 units at $800 per unit). COGS = 3 units x $800 = $2,400.
October 28 Sale: 7 units sold from the second purchase on October 20 (4 units at $810 per unit and 3 units at $800 per unit). COGS = 7 units x $800 + 0 units x $810 = $5,600.
Calculate the total cost of goods sold (COGS) for all sales:
COGS = $3,160 + $2,400 + $5,600 = $11,160.
Calculate the ending inventory:
Remaining units from the second purchase on October 20: 1 unit (4 units purchased - 3 units sold).
Remaining units from the third purchase on October 30: 8 units (8 units purchased - 0 units sold).
Total units in the ending inventory = 1 unit + 8 units = 9 units.
Calculate the cost of the ending inventory:
Ending inventory = 1 unit x $810 + 8 units x $820 = $7,470
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Acts (Laws passed by a government(e.g. the parliament of South Africa) in accordance with the Constitution of the country?
Acts are laws that are passed by a government in accordance with the Constitution of a country.
What are acts and lawsThese laws are typically enacted by the legislative body of a country, such as the parliament, and are binding on all individuals and entities within the jurisdiction of that country. Acts serve as legal instruments that establish rights, obligations, regulations, and procedures to govern various aspects of society.
In the specific case of South Africa, Acts of Parliament are laws that are passed by the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces, which constitute the country's parliament. These Acts are created and enacted in compliance with the provisions and principles outlined in the Constitution of South Africa.
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In the insert table box, you select the (blank) checkbox to crest the first row as the header of the table
Selecting the "Header row" checkbox in the "Insert Table" box allows you to create a visually distinct first row that serves as the header of the table, providing column labels and enhancing readability.
In the "Insert Table" box, you select the checkbox labeled "Header row" to create the first row as the header of the table. This checkbox allows you to specify that the first row should be treated differently from the rest of the table rows.
When the "Header row" checkbox is selected, the text formatting applied to the first row is typically different from the formatting of the other rows, usually appearing bold or with a different background color.
The header row serves as a reference for the table's content, providing column labels or titles that describe the data in each column. It helps users quickly understand the information presented in the table and aids in navigating or sorting the data. By distinguishing the header row from the rest of the table, it becomes easier to differentiate between the table's structure and its content, enhancing readability and organization.
By utilizing the "Header row" checkbox, you can effortlessly create visually appealing and user-friendly tables with clear headings that improve the overall understanding and accessibility of your data.
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Given the inverse DD and SS function as pd=90-Q and ps=[2Q+2]² find the CS for Qd =30 and pe= 40 and ps= for Qs=5 and 42, respectively Answer = CS is 1050 and PS is - 76.7
CS is 1050, representing the area between the demand curve and the price line. PS is -508322, indicating the producer's inability to cover costs.
In this question, we are given the inverse DD and SS functions, and we need to find the consumer surplus (CS) and producer surplus (PS) for certain given values. The inverse DD function is given as pd = 90-Q, which represents the demand curve, and the inverse SS function is given as ps = (2Q+2)², which represents the supply curve. We need to find the CS for Qd = 30 and pe = 40, and the PS for Qs = 5 and 42, respectively. To find the CS, we need to calculate the area between the demand curve and the price line, i.e., the difference between the willingness to pay (WTP) and the actual price paid. Here, the WTP is given by the demand function, which is pd = 90-Q. At Qd = 30, the WTP is pd = 90-30 = 60. The actual price paid is pe = 40. Therefore, the CS = WTP - price paid = 60 - 40 = 20. However, this is the value of the individual CS. To find the total CS, we need to integrate the CS over the entire demand curve, which gives us CS = ∫(90-Q-40)dQ = ∫50-QdQ = 50Q - (Q²/2) |[tex]_0^{30}[/tex] = 1050.To find the PS, we need to calculate the area between the supply curve and the price line, i.e., the difference between the actual price received and the minimum supply price (MSP). The MSP is given by the supply function, which is ps = (2Q+2)². For Qs = 5, the MSP is ps = (2(5)+2)² = 98. For Qs = 42, the MSP is ps = (2(42)+2)² = 7396. The actual price received is given as 40, which is less than the MSP for both values of Qs. Therefore, the PS is negative, which indicates that the producer is not able to cover their costs. The PS is calculated as the area between the supply curve and the actual price received. Here, we have two values of Qs, so we need to calculate the PS for both and add them up. For Qs = 5, the PS = (40-98)(5) = -290. For Qs = 42, the PS = (40-7396)(42-5) = -508032. Therefore, the total PS = -290 - 508032 = -508322. Thus, the CS is 1050 and the PS is - 508322.In summary, we were given the inverse DD and SS functions and we needed to find the CS and PS for certain values. To find the CS, we calculated the area between the demand curve and the price line, which is the difference between the WTP and the actual price paid. To find the PS, we calculated the area between the supply curve and the price line, which is the difference between the actual price received and the MSP. The total CS was found by integrating the individual CS over the entire demand curve. The total PS was found by adding the PS for both values of Qs. The CS was found to be 1050 and the PS was found to be -508322.For more questions on demand curve
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the oriole mills company has just disclosed the following financial information in its annual report sales of 1.47 million, cost of goods sold of $817,100, depreciation expenses of $179,600, and interest expenses of $ 94,000. Assume that the firm has an average tax rate of 29 percent. Compute the cash flows to investors from operating activity.
The cash flows to investors from operating activities for Oriole Mills Company is $543,973.
To compute the cash flows to investors from operating activities, we need to start with the net income and make adjustments for non-cash expenses and changes in working capital. The formula to calculate cash flows from operating activities is as follows:
Cash Flows from Operating Activities = Net Income + Depreciation Expenses + Non-Cash Interest Expenses - Increase in Current Assets + Increase in Current Liabilities + Decrease in Current Assets - Decrease in Current Liabilities
Given the financial information provided, we can calculate the cash flows to investors from operating activities as follows:
Net Income:
Net Income = Sales - Cost of Goods Sold - Depreciation Expenses - Interest Expenses - Taxes
Net Income = $1,470,000 - $817,100 - $179,600 - $94,000 - ($1,470,000 - $817,100 - $179,600 - $94,000) * 0.29
Net Income = $1,470,000 - $817,100 - $179,600 - $94,000 - ($379,300 * 0.29)
Net Income = $1,470,000 - $817,100 - $179,600 - $94,000 - $109,927
Net Income = $269,373
Depreciation Expenses = $179,600
Non-Cash Interest Expenses = $94,000
Changes in Working Capital:
Increase in Current Assets = 0 (no information provided)
Increase in Current Liabilities = 0 (no information provided)
Decrease in Current Assets = 0 (no information provided)
Decrease in Current Liabilities = 0 (no information provided)
Finally, we can calculate the cash flows to investors from operating activities:
Cash Flows from Operating Activities = $269,373 + $179,600 + $94,000 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
Cash Flows from Operating Activities = $543,973
Therefore, the cash flows to investors from operating activities for the Oriole Mills Company is $543,973.
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what is the best example of diversity at work place
people of all physical and cognitive abilities and disabilities. This workforce could welcome people that need a wheelchair to function, for example, or those with cognitive (mental) disabilities like Aspbergers or Attention Deficit Disorder.
Which of the following is considered information? (3 points)
Average price for all purchased items
Individual price for each purchased item
Sale price for individual purchased items
Sales tax percentage for purchased items
All of the options you provided can be considered as information.
What is Information?
is data that has been processed or organized in a meaningful way, providing context or knowledge. Let's analyze each option:
This information is important since it provides a statistical breakdown of the pricing of all the things that have been purchased. It offers a general understanding of the items' pricing or price range as a whole.
This information is particularly important because it shows the individual price that was charged for each item that was purchased. It provides thorough information on how much each individual item costs.
Sale price for each thing you bought: This information emphasizes any sales or price reductions that may have been applied to particular purchases. The customer is made aware of the price reduction for a certain product.
The percentage of sales tax that was applied to the items that were purchased is indicated by this information. It aids people in figuring out how much tax they will owe on their purchases.
In conclusion, each of the choices you gave involves the processing of data that offers understanding or context, making them all examples of information.
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3. Which one of the following marketing strategies is not the core element for the existence of Entrepreneurs? A. Product B. Price C. Promotion D. Trade mark Which one of the following statements does not reflect the contribution of entrepreneurs to the society? A. Employment B. Independence 5. The ultimate goal of marketing in small business context is A Facilitating effective exchange B. Facilitating money generation C. Balanced development D. Equitable distribution of wealth C. Facilitating construction D. Facilitate globalization 6. The stage of new product development at which product prototype or sample may be developed is A. Product development C. Commercialization B. Market testing D. Equitable distribution of wealth 7. An entrepreneur's belief that his destiny is within his control and external forces will have little influence is demonstrated by one of the following characteristics A. Risk taking Internal locus of control B. Hard working D External locus of control 8. Which one of the following statements is incorrect about entrepreneur? A. Who has the ability to see and evaluate business opportunities B. Who has the ability to gather the necessary resources, to take advantage of opportunities C. Who has the ability to take risk and initiate appropriate action to ensure success D. None of the above 9. The marketing strategy that adds place and time utility is A. Product development C Pricing B. Distribution D. Promotion 10 The first step in developing a written business plan is A. Location selection B. Financial statement preparation 11. Which of the following statement is/are not a success factor for small business? A. Effective and efficient management B. Proper location, layout and size 12. From the core concepts of marketing, customer ability and willingness to buy can be represented A Need X B. Demand C. Identifying and evaluating a business idea D. All of the above C. Adequate finance D. Ambiguous objectives C Want D. Transaction & commence sites such as Amazon & Endless. Page 3.
The answers to the given questions are 3) D. Trademark. 4) B. Independence. 5) A. Facilitating effective exchange. 6) B. Market testing. 7) A. Risk-taking. 8) D. None of the above. 9) B. Distribution. 10) C. Identifying and evaluating a business idea. 11) D. All of the above. 12) B. Demand.
The answer to question 3 is D. Trademark. While a trademark is an important aspect of protecting a business's brand identity, it is not a core element for the existence of entrepreneurs.The answer to question 4 is B. Independence. Entrepreneurs contribute to society by creating jobs, driving innovation, and generating economic growth. Independence is a personal benefit for the entrepreneur, but it is not a contribution to society.The answer to question 5 is A. Facilitating effective exchange. The ultimate goal of marketing in a small business context is to facilitate effective exchange between the business and its customers. This involves creating value for the customer through the products or services offered and generating revenue for the business in return.The answer to question 6 is B. Market testing. The stage of new product development at which a product prototype or sample may be developed is during market testing. This involves testing the product with a small group of potential customers to gather feedback and make necessary adjustments before launching the product to the broader market.The answer to question 7 is A. Risk-taking. An entrepreneur's belief that their destiny is within their control and external forces will have little influence is demonstrated by their willingness to take risks. This internal locus of control is an important characteristic of successful entrepreneurs.The answer to question 8 is D. None of the above. All of the statements are correct about entrepreneurs. They have the ability to see and evaluate business opportunities, gather necessary resources, take risks, and initiate appropriate action to ensure success.The answer to question 9 is B. Distribution. The marketing strategy that adds place and time utility is distribution. This involves getting the product to the right place at the right time to meet customer demand.The answer to question 10 is C. Identifying and evaluating a business idea. The first step in developing a written business plan is identifying and evaluating a business idea. This involves researching the market, understanding the competition, and identifying target customers.The answer to question 11 is D. All of the above. Effective and efficient management, proper location, layout, and size, adequate finance, and clear objectives are all success factors for small businesses.The answer to question 12 is B. Demand. From the core concepts of marketing, customer ability and willingness to buy can be represented by demand. This is the desire for a product or service, coupled with the ability to pay for it.For more questions on Trademark
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a) You have been examining arbitrage opportunities with options. You have just found
the following information regarding European options written on Commonwealth
Bank of Australia shares. Using this information, discuss whether put-call parity
holds in this instance? If it doesn't, indicate what strategy you would implement on
taking advantage of any arbitrage opportunity and the profit you would earn from
your strategy (Note: You are required to provide a table outlining the initial and
terminal values of your strategy). (9 marks)
●
A Commonwealth Bank of Australia shares is currently selling for $98.16 on the
ASX.
A 20-month European call option contract on Commonwealth Bank of
Australia shares with a strike price of $90 is priced at $6.50.
A 20-month European put option contract on Commonwealth Bank of
Australia shares with a strike price of $90 is priced at $0.25.
The risk-free rate of interest is 5.55% p.a.
Where the above is given, Put-call parity does not hold.
Strategy - Buy put option, sell short call option, buy stock. Profit depends on stock price.
How is this so?To determine if put-call parity holds in this instance, we can compare the prices of the call and put options with the stock price and risk-free rate.
According to put-call parity, the relationship between the prices of a call option (C), put option (P), stock price (S), and present value of the strike price (X) can be expressed as:
C - P = S - X / (1 + r) [tex]^{t}[/tex]
Let's calculate the values -
Stock price (S) = $98.16Strike price (X) = $90Call option price (C) = $6.50Put option price (P) = $0.25Risk-free rate (r) = 5.55% per annumTime to expiration (t) = 20 monthsUsing the formula, we can substitute the values and check if the equation holds -
$6.50 - $0.25 = $98.16 - $90 / (1 + 0.0555)⁽²⁰⁺¹²⁾
$6.25 = $8.16 / (1.04625)⁽²⁰⁺¹²⁾
$6.25 = $8.16 / 1.0956
$6.25 = $7.46
Since $6.25 does not equal $7.46, put-call parity does not hold in this instance.
To take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity, we can execute the following strategy -
1. Buy the underpriced put option for $0.25.
2. Sell short the overpriced call option for $6.50.
3. Simultaneously buy the underlying stock for $98.16.
Table outlining the initial and terminal values of the strategy is attached accordingly.
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AFN > 1 what will the company effect ?
If AFN is greater than 1, the company may need to seek external financing, which can have several implications on its financial health and growth prospects.
AFN, or Additional Funds Needed, is a financial term used to describe the difference between a firm's projected assets and liabilities. It represents the amount of money a company needs to raise through external financing to fund its growth plans and meet its financial obligations.
If AFN is greater than 1, it indicates that the company is not generating enough internal funds to support its growth plans. As a result, it needs to seek external financing, such as equity or debt, to bridge the gap. This can have several effects on the company, including:
Increased debt: If the company chooses to raise funds through debt financing, it will increase its debt levels, which can have negative implications on its credit rating and interest payments.
Dilution of ownership: If the company raises funds through equity financing, it will dilute the ownership stake of existing shareholders, which can lead to a lower share price.
Increased risk: Depending on the terms of the financing, the company may be exposed to increased risk, such as requiring collateral or guarantees.
Stunted growth: If the company is unable to secure external financing, its growth plans may be stunted, which can have negative implications on its long-term success.
In summary, if AFN is greater than 1, the company may need to seek external financing, which can have several implications on its financial health and growth prospects.
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Which technique do industry experts also call a silent advertiser
The technique that industry experts also call a silent advertiser is: product placement.
What is product placement?The term product placement describes the tactful insertion of branded goods, logos, or allusions into a variety of media, including films, television programmes, music videos, and video games. These ads are frequently smoothly incorporated into the narrative or visuals, which lessens their intrusiveness and increases their naturalness.
Advertisers want to influence consumer behaviour by presenting items in this way without being overly promotional or interfering with viewers' watching experiences.
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Interventions strategies to prevent restrictions or barrier in small businesses townships
To prevent restrictions or barriers in small businesses in townships, several intervention strategies can be implemented:
1. Business Development Support: Offer training programs, workshops, and mentorship opportunities to help small business owners develop essential skills such as financial management, marketing, and business planning.
2. Access to Capital: Establish microfinance programs or low-interest loan schemes to provide small businesses with the necessary funds to start or expand their operations. Additionally, create partnerships with financial institutions to streamline the loan application process.
3. Infrastructure Improvement: Invest in upgrading township infrastructure, including roads, electricity, and internet connectivity. This will enhance the business environment, attract investors, and facilitate smoother operations for small businesses.
4. Regulatory Simplification: Simplify and streamline licensing and permit procedures, reducing bureaucracy and paperwork burdens. This will make it easier for entrepreneurs to start and operate businesses, fostering a favorable environment for small enterprises.
5. Market Linkages: Facilitate connections between small businesses and larger supply chains, enabling them to access wider markets and secure stable customer bases. This can be achieved through networking events, trade fairs, and partnerships with established businesses.
6. Local Procurement Policies: Encourage local governments and institutions to adopt procurement policies that prioritize purchasing goods and services from small businesses in the townships, thereby boosting their economic growth and sustainability.
7. Collaborative Initiatives: Foster collaboration among small businesses by establishing business associations, cooperatives, or incubation centers. These platforms can provide shared resources, collective marketing efforts, and a supportive community.
By implementing these intervention strategies, the barriers and restrictions faced by small businesses in townships can be minimized, promoting their growth, sustainability, and contribution to the local economy.
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List seven substantive tests for interest-bearing debt to help the auditors meet the audit objectives.
Substantive tests are performed to determine if the details provided by the client are true. In general, substantive procedures are aimed at testing material amounts, transactions, or other disclosures that could have a significant impact on the financial statements, as well as responding to other significant financial statement risks.
There are several substantive tests for interest-bearing debt that can be used to assist auditors in achieving their audit objectives. Below are seven substantive tests for interest-bearing debt:1. Verification of Debt Obligations: Auditors may verify the validity of interest-bearing debt obligations by comparing them to the client's bank statements, the client's debt holder's statements, and other supporting documents.2. Checking the existence of Interest-Bearing Debt: An auditor must evaluate the existence of interest-bearing debt by examining loan documents, reviewing bank statements, and obtaining confirmations.3. Interest-Bearing Debt Disclosure Testing: Auditors should examine client documents to determine whether interest-bearing debt is properly disclosed in the financial statements.4. Accuracy of Interest Calculation: An auditor must check the accuracy of interest calculations by comparing them to interest rates and formulas in the loan documentation.5. Confirmations from Creditors: Auditors should obtain direct confirmations from creditors on interest-bearing debt to ensure that amounts owed are valid and accurate.
6. Evaluation of Interest-Bearing Debt Covenants: Auditors should review interest-bearing debt covenants and assess compliance with those covenants.7. Client Relationship Testing: Auditors may evaluate the client's relationship with its debt holders and creditors to assess the credibility of the disclosed interest-bearing debt.The above seven substantive tests are essential for auditors to achieve their objectives while conducting the audit of interest-bearing debt.
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What is market segmentation in marketing with example?
Market segmentation, in marketing, is the division of a broad target market into more focused groups based on shared characteristics, tendencies, requirements, or preferences.
Market segmentation in marketing with example.In marketing, market segmentation refers to the process of breaking up a large target market into more narrowly defined segments based on shared traits, tendencies, needs, or preferences. Identification of various market segments is necessary in order to target them with specialized marketing techniques and messages.
Think about a business that sells athletic shoes. They choose to use market segmentation to find particular segments with varied wants and preferences when it comes to athletic shoes rather of targeting the full market of potential clients.
The corporation can effectively target these niche markets with goods and advertising messages that speak to their particular needs and preferences by using market segmentation. Their chances of succeeding in the market are eventually increased by being able to customize their product offers, pricing, promotional techniques, and distribution networks to each segment.
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Under perfect competition the market price also represents the marginal revenue and average revenue of each firm true or false
The given statement "Under perfect competition, the market price also represents the marginal revenue and average revenue of each firm" is True because each firm is a price taker and must accept the market price.
Perfect competition is a market structure in which there are many small firms that sell homogeneous products to consumers. Each firm in a perfect competition market has no power to influence the price of the product or service. The market price is determined by the forces of demand and supply, and each firm must accept this price and adjust its output accordingly.
To maximize profit, firms under perfect competition must produce at the point where marginal cost equals marginal revenue. Marginal revenue (MR) is the change in total revenue from producing one additional unit of output. Under perfect competition, the market price is also the marginal revenue. This is because each additional unit of output sold by the firm adds the same amount of revenue to the total revenue.
The average revenue (AR) of a firm under perfect competition is also equal to the market price. This is because the firm is a price taker and must accept the market price. The average revenue curve of the firm is also horizontal, and it is equal to the market price. This implies that the average revenue and marginal revenue curves of a firm under perfect competition are the same and are equal to the market price.
In conclusion, under perfect competition, the market price represents the marginal revenue and average revenue of each firm. This is because each firm is a price taker and must accept the market price. The market price is also the marginal revenue and the average revenue of each firm under perfect competition.
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Why is it that So
many people
including many highly educated
and intelligent people find critical
thinking so difficult ?
Many highly educated and intelligent individuals find critical thinking difficult due to factors like cognitive biases, social conditioning and lack of practice.
What factors contribute to the difficulty of critical thinking?Critical thinking requires individuals to analyze information objectively, consider multiple perspectives, and challenge their own beliefs and assumptions but several factors contribute to its difficulty.
One main factor is cognitive biases which are inherent tendencies to think in certain ways that can hinder rational analysis. These biases such as confirmation bias or the tendency to seek information that confirms preexisting beliefs can cloud judgment and impede critical thinking.
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25. Suppose a perfectly competitive industry is in long-run equilibrium. A new one-time cost-saving
technology (which is freely available) is then developed and new plants are built. Eventually, a
new long-run equilibrium will be established where (1 Point)
new plants employ the new technology, but existing plants continue to produce as long as they cover their
fixed costs.
high-cost and low-cost firms exist side by side and market output will be higher.
the industry supply curve has shifted to the left and price and output are both higher.
all plants continue to operate until they are physically worn out as long as price is greater than the firm's
average variable cost.
all plants use the new technology, and market output will be higher and price will be lower
A new long-run equilibrium will be established where Option E. all plants use the new technology, and market output will be higher and the price will be lower.
In a perfectly competitive industry in long-run equilibrium, the market is characterized by firms producing at their minimum average total cost and earning normal profits. However, when a new one-time cost-saving technology is developed and new plants are built, it will lead to changes in the industry.
Eventually, a new long-run equilibrium will be established. Let's analyze the options provided to determine which one best describes this new equilibrium:
A. This option suggests that new plants employ the new technology, but existing plants continue to produce as long as they cover their fixed costs. However, in the long run, firms will adjust their operations to take advantage of the cost-saving technology, which will lead to a more efficient allocation of resources. Therefore, this option is not likely to describe the new equilibrium.
B. This option suggests that high-cost and low-cost firms exist side by side, and market output will be higher. While it is true that the new technology may lead to lower costs, high-cost firms may still be present in the market. However, the market output is likely to increase due to the efficiency gains from the new technology, which can lead to a lower price for consumers.
C. This option suggests that the industry supply curve has shifted to the left, and both price and output are higher. However, with the introduction of cost-saving technology, the industry's supply curve is more likely to shift to the right, leading to an increase in output and a potential decrease in price.
D. This option suggests that all plants continue to operate until they are physically worn out as long as the price is greater than the firm's average variable cost. However, in the long run, firms will adjust their operations to utilize the new technology, which may lead to the closure of some older, less efficient plants.
E. This option suggests that all plants use the new technology, resulting in higher market output and a lower price. This is the most likely outcome when a new cost-saving technology is introduced. Firms will adopt the latest technology to reduce costs, leading to an increase in market output and potentially a decrease in price.
Therefore, option E, "all plants use the new technology, and market output will be higher, and the price will be lower," best describes the new long-run equilibrium after introducing the cost-saving technology. Therefore, the correct option is E.
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The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:
25. Suppose a perfectly competitive industry is in long-run equilibrium. A new one-time cost-saving technology (which is freely available) is then developed and new plants are built. Eventually, a new long-run equilibrium will be established where (1 Point)
A. new plants employ the new technology, but existing plants continue to produce as long as they cover their fixed costs.
B. high-cost and low-cost firms exist side by side and market output will be higher.
C. the industry supply curve has shifted to the left and price and output are both higher.
D. all plants continue to operate until they are physically worn out as long as the price is greater than the firm's average variable cost.
E. all plants use the new technology, and market output will be higher and the price will be lower
Price a 2-yr 4% semiannual coupon bond with a par value of $1000 and the yield to maturity (discount rate) is 4.51% per annum.
Round the answer to the nearest 2 decimal points. If your answer is $12.345, enter "12.35" in the answer box.
The price of the 2-year 4% semiannual coupon bond with a par value of $1000 and a yield to maturity of 4.51% per annum is approximately $932.08 (rounded to the nearest 2 decimal points).
To price a 2-year 4% semiannual coupon bond with a par value of $1000 and a yield to maturity of 4.51% per annum, we can use the formula for the present value of a bond. The bond pays semiannual coupons, so we need to calculate the present value of each coupon payment and the present value of the par value at maturity.
Using the given values:
Coupon payment = $20
Yield to maturity = 4.51% per annum
Number of coupon payments per year = 2
Par value = $1000
Number of periods until the coupon payment = 1 (for each semiannual coupon payment)
PV of coupon payment = $20 / (1 + (4.51% / 2))^1 + $20 / (1 + (4.51% / 2))^2
PV of coupon payment = $19.14 + $18.36
PV of coupon payment = $37.50
PV of par value = $1000 / (1 + (4.51% / 2))^4
PV of par value = $894.58
Bond price = PV of coupon payments + PV of par value
Bond price = $37.50 + $894.58
Bond price = $932.08
Therefore, the price of the 2-year 4% semiannual coupon bond with a par value of $1000 and a yield to maturity of 4.51% per annum is approximately $932.08 (rounded to the nearest 2 decimal points).
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jonathan has an outgoing personality. he enjoys making home repairs and watching TV shows about house flipping. jonathan has a degree in business, but he likes the customer service side of business more than the finance component. which of the following careers would be most suitable for jonathan?
The most suitable career for Jonathan would be a real estate broker.
Why would a real estate broker be suitable for Jonathan?Jonathan's outgoing personality and interest in home repairs align well with a career in real estate. As a real estate broker, he would have the opportunity to work closely with clients, providing customer service and helping them navigate the process of buying and selling properties.
His passion for watching TV shows about house flipping indicates a strong interest in the real estate market which would be beneficial in this role. Additionally, his degree in business would provide a solid foundation for understanding the business aspects of real estate transactions.
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what is the real name of rocky
ABC, Inc. has issued a 25-year bond with a par value of $1,000, coupon rate of 4.56%. The yield to maturity (YTM) is 2.27%. Assume semi-annual payments. What is today's price of this bond?
Note: Enter your answer rounded off to two decimal points. Do not enter $ or comma in the answer box.
we sum the present values of the coupon payments and the principal payment to get the bond's price: Bond price = PV_coupon + PV_principal
By substituting the values and performing the calculations, the bond's price is approximately $1,338.23.
To calculate the price of the bond, we need to calculate the present value of its future cash flows, which include the coupon payments and the final principal payment.
First, we need to determine the number of periods. Since the bond has a 25-year maturity and semi-annual payments, there will be 25 years * 2 = 50 periods.
Next, we calculate the present value of the coupon payments. Each coupon payment is 4.56% * $1,000 / 2 = $22.80. We use the formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity:
PV = C * (1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r
Where PV is the present value, C is the coupon payment, r is the semi-annual yield to maturity, and n is the number of periods.
PV_coupon = $22.80 * (1 - (1 + 2.27%)^(-50)) / 2.27%
Next, we calculate the present value of the final principal payment. The formula for the present value of a future value is:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value (the par value), r is the semi-annual yield to maturity, and n is the number of periods.
PV_principal = $1,000 / (1 + 2.27%)^50
Finally, we sum the present values of the coupon payments and the principal payment to get the bond's price:
Bond price = PV_coupon + PV_principal
By substituting the values and performing the calculations, the bond's price is approximately $1,338.23.
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give a succinctly research reports of organisation identified problems.
Research reports of organizational identified problemsOrganizational problems refer to the problems that are present in the company or business that may hinder the company’s smooth running or attainment of its goals. Some of the identified organizational problems are as follows:
Poor communication: Effective communication is essential in any organization for the smooth running of activities. If there is no communication or communication is poor, the organization may experience delays in decision making or production and have a negative impact on the business or company. Managers must ensure that there is proper communication between the employees and departments. Poor communication leads to poor decision making, delays, and conflict among team members.Lack of direction: The lack of direction is another problem facing many organizations. When the organization's objectives are not clear, the employees may not know what is expected of them or the direction the company is taking. This may lead to employees making decisions based on assumptions which may not align with the company's objectives or goals. Managers should provide clear direction and objectives to their employees, making sure that everyone is aware of what is expected of them.Poor management: Managers play a crucial role in the organization. Poor management practices such as micromanagement, lack of leadership, and negative attitudes towards employees may lead to low employee morale, lack of motivation, and high turnover rates. It is important for managers to provide leadership and have a positive attitude towards their employees. This will lead to increased productivity and employee satisfaction.ConclusionIn conclusion, it is essential for businesses and companies to identify any organizational problems that may hinder their progress or achievement of their goals. Managers should put in place measures to ensure that these problems are addressed and do not affect the company's smooth running. Effective communication, clear direction, and good management practices are crucial in any organization.
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It is Eliza's first year at a company. The dress code says that women need to wear closed-toed shoes. However, it is summer and Eliza has noticed that many women, even some who are supervisors, are coming in wearing sandals. She would like to wear sandals too.
What should she do?
Eliza, in her first year at the company, is confused about the appropriate dress code for women who want to wear sandals during summer. The dress code policy requires women to wear closed-toe shoes. Nevertheless, many women, including some supervisors, have been spotted wearing sandals during summer.
Understanding the Dress Code: At the outset, it is essential to understand the company's dress code policy. Organizations set up dress code policies to ensure that employees maintain a professional image and are dressed appropriately for their job roles. Dress codes usually indicate what type of clothing is suitable for the workplace and what type of clothing should be avoided. Eliza has learned that the company's dress code policy requires women to wear closed-toe shoes. Therefore, it is evident that Eliza must wear closed-toe shoes if she wishes to comply with the dress code policy.
Following the Dress Code: Eliza could comply with the company's dress code by wearing closed-toe shoes. It would be ideal for Eliza to stick to the dress code policy to avoid potential disciplinary action or any misunderstanding with her colleagues. Additionally, it would be best to consult with her manager or supervisor for further clarification on the dress code policy.
As a new employee, seeking clarification on company policies could help Eliza become more familiar with the company's work culture and also avoid any potential conflicts. Nonetheless, it's equally important for Eliza to acknowledge that sandals may be acceptable in some organizations, but they may not be appropriate in other organizations.
In organizations with more formal work environments, for example, wearing sandals could be considered inappropriate. In such cases, employees may be required to wear closed-toe shoes to maintain a professional image. Therefore, the dress code policy is something Eliza should be mindful of when deciding what to wear to work.
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Which of these is not an example of good practice when differentiating phonological awareness instruction?
a.
Increasing the intensity of instruction by teaching in smaller group sizes.
b.
Expecting all children to be able to produce rhyming words at the same time of the year.
c.
Increasing the intensity of instruction by giving individual children more opportunities to respond.
d.
Supporting children's understanding of an activity by using visual supports.
The option that is not an example of good practice when differentiating phonological awareness instruction is (b) Expecting all children to be able to produce rhyming words at the same time of the year.
What is good practice?Recognizing that children learn at various speeds and have varied degrees of preparedness is a key component of good practice in differentiating phonological awareness training. It is unrealistic to anticipate that all kids will develop at the same rate.
Each child's unique requirements and talents are taken into account while differentiating instruction. Therefore, it is inconsistent with the ideas of differentiation to expect all kids to be able to come up with rhymes at the same time of the year.
Therefore the correct option is b.
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In Infosys BPM ltd, during the client audit,the external auditor seeks for your credentials.what would be your response
I would respond to the external auditor's request for credentials by providing my employee ID card, relevant certifications, and references to establish my qualifications and expertise.
During a client audit at Infosys BPM Ltd, if the external auditor seeks my credentials, I would respond in a professional and transparent manner. I would provide them with the necessary information to establish my credentials and assure them of my qualifications and expertise.
I would begin by presenting my identification, such as my employee ID card, which clearly displays my name and position within the company. I would also provide any relevant certifications or degrees that validate my qualifications in the specific area being audited. Additionally, I would offer references or contact information of supervisors or colleagues who can vouch for my work and knowledge.
It is crucial to maintain open communication and build trust with the external auditor. I would address any concerns they may have and be prepared to answer any questions regarding my role, responsibilities, and experience in the relevant field.
Ultimately, my aim would be to demonstrate that I possess the necessary credentials and expertise to fulfill my responsibilities effectively and contribute to a successful audit process.
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what are the principles of marketing ?
ANSWER:
you need wallet and money
Explanation:
Question 2
(10 Marks)
A company uses 15,000 units of stock item 6786 each year. The item has a purchase cost of R4 per
unit. The cost of placing an order for re-supply is R220. The annual holding cost of one unit of the item
is 10% of its purchase cost.
Data relating to stores item 6787 are as follows.
Daily use:
Lead time for re-supply:
Reorder quantity:
Required:
i.
ii.
300 Units
5-20 Days
10,000 Units
EOR
What is the economic order quantity for item 6786, to the nearest unit?
What would be the effect of an increase in the annual holding cost per unit on (1) the EOQ and (2)
total annual ordering costs?
What should be the reorder level for this stock item (6787), to avoid the possibility of inventory-outs"
1. The economic order quantity for item 6786 is approximately 2,568 units. If the annual holding cost per unit increases, the EOQ will decrease. The total annual ordering costs will also decrease if the annual holding cost per unit increases.
2. The reorder level for stock item 6787 should be set at 6,000 units to avoid the possibility of inventory-outs.
How did we arrive at these assertions?To calculate the economic order quantity (EOQ) for item 6786, we can use the following formula:
EOQ = √((2 × Annual Demand × Cost per Order) / Holding Cost per Unit)
Given the following data:
Annual Demand = 15,000 units
Cost per Order = R220
Holding Cost per Unit = 10% of R4 = R0.4
Substituting these values into the formula:
EOQ = √((2 × 15,000 × 220) / 0.4)
EOQ = √(6,600,000)
EOQ ≈ 2,568 units (to the nearest unit)
Therefore, the economic order quantity for item 6786 is approximately 2,568 units.
Effect of an increase in the annual holding cost per unit:
1) The EOQ: If the annual holding cost per unit increases, the EOQ will decrease. This is because a higher holding cost per unit means it becomes more expensive to hold inventory, and therefore, it is more cost-effective to order smaller quantities more frequently.
2) Total annual ordering costs: The total annual ordering costs will also decrease if the annual holding cost per unit increases. This is because the decrease in the EOQ will result in more frequent orders, leading to more ordering costs but less holding costs. The decrease in holding costs will outweigh the increase in ordering costs, resulting in a lower total.
Reorder level for stock item 6787 to avoid inventory-outs:
To calculate the reorder level, we need to consider the daily use and lead time for re-supply. The reorder level should be set to ensure that there is enough stock to cover the daily demand during the lead time.
Reorder Level = Daily Use × Lead Time for Re-supply
Given the following data:
Daily Use = 300 units
Lead Time for Re-supply = 5-20 days (let's take the maximum value, which is 20 days)
Reorder Level = 300 × 20
Reorder Level = 6,000 units
Therefore, the reorder level for stock item 6787 should be set at 6,000 units to avoid the possibility of inventory-outs.
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A machine costing $206,000 with a four-year life and an estimated $16,000 salvage value is installed in Luther Company’s factory on January 1. The factory manager estimates the machine will produce 475,000 units of product during its life. It actually produces the following units: 123,200 in Year 1, 122,900 in Year 2, 120,600 in Year 3, 118,300 in Year 4. The total number of units produced by the end of Year 4 exceeds the original estimate—this difference was not predicted. Note: The machine cannot be depreciated below its estimated salvage value.
Required:
Compute depreciation for each year (and total depreciation of all years combined) for the machine under each depreciation method.
Note: Round your per unit depreciation to 2 decimal places. Round your answers to the nearest whole dollar.
ion.
Compute depreciation for each year (and total depreciation of all years combined) for the machine under the Units of production.
Straight-Line Depreciation
Year Depreciation Expense
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Total $0
Units of Production
Year Units Depreciable Units Depreciation per unit Depreciation Expense
Year 1 123,200
Year 2 122,900
Year 3 120,600
Year 4 118,300
Total $0
Double-declining-balance Depreciation for the Period End of Period
Year Beginning of Period Book Value Depreciation Rate Depreciation Expense Accumulated Depreciation Book Value
Year 1 % $0
Year 2 % 0
Year 3 % 0
Year 4 % 0
Total $0
The depreciation using each method shows the following results:
Straight-Line Depreciation: Total: $190,000
Units of Production Depreciation: Total $183,997.06
Double-Declining-Balance Depreciation: Total: $193,125
How did we arrive at these values?To compute the depreciation for each year and the total depreciation under each depreciation method, we'll go through each method one by one.
1. Straight-Line Depreciation:
The formula for straight-line depreciation is: Depreciation Expense = (Cost - Salvage Value) / Useful Life
Given:
Cost of the machine = $206,000
Salvage value = $16,000
Useful life = 4 years
Year 1:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) / 4 = $47,500
Year 2:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) / 4 = $47,500
Year 3:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) / 4 = $47,500
Year 4:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) / 4 = $47,500
Total Depreciation (all years combined) = $47,500 * 4 = $190,000
2. Units of Production Depreciation:
The formula for units of production depreciation is: Depreciation Expense = (Cost - Salvage Value) * (Actual Units Produced / Estimated Units of Production)
Given:
Cost of the machine = $206,000
Salvage value = $16,000
Estimated Units of Production = 475,000 units
Year 1:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) * (123,200 / 475,000) ≈ $46,346.53
Year 2:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) * (122,900 / 475,000) ≈ $46,228.42
Year 3:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) * (120,600 / 475,000) ≈ $45,597.89
Year 4:
Depreciation Expense = ($206,000 - $16,000) * (118,300 / 475,000) ≈ $44,824.21
Total Depreciation (all years combined) ≈ $183,997.06
3. Double-Declining-Balance Depreciation:
The formula for double-declining-balance depreciation is: Depreciation Expense = (Book Value at the beginning of the period) * (Depreciation Rate)
Given:
Cost of the machine = $206,000
Salvage value = $16,000
Useful life = 4 years
Depreciation Rate = 2 / Useful Life
Year 1:
Depreciation Rate = 2 / 4 = 0.5
Depreciation Expense = $206,000 * 0.5 = $103,000
Year 2:
Book Value at the beginning of Year 2 = $206,000 - $103,000 = $103,000
Depreciation Expense = $103,000 * 0.5 = $51,500
Year 3:
Book Value at the beginning of Year 3 = $103,000 - $51,500 = $51,500
Depreciation Expense = $51,500 * 0.5 = $25,750
Year 4:
Book Value at the beginning of Year 4 = $51,500 - $25,750 = $25,750
Depreciation Expense = $25,750 * 0.5 = $12,875
Total Depreciation (all years combined) = $103,000 + $51,500 + $25
,750 + $12,875 = $193,125
After calculating the depreciation using each method, the results are as follows:
Straight-Line Depreciation:
Year 1: $47,500
Year 2: $47,500
Year 3: $47,500
Year 4: $47,500
Total: $190,000
Units of Production Depreciation:
Year 1: ≈ $46,346.53
Year 2: ≈ $46,228.42
Year 3: ≈ $45,597.89
Year 4: ≈ $44,824.21
Total: ≈ $183,997.06
Double-Declining-Balance Depreciation:
Year 1: $103,000
Year 2: $51,500
Year 3: $25,750
Year 4: $12,875
Total: $193,125
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3. What is the role of management information systems in organizational control e.g., feedback? 4. Describe the management theory.
The role of management information systems in any is of great importance in any organizational control because it is tools for data management, analysis, and decision because it assist businesses owners or any cooperative organization to gather relevant information in order to plan to take decision. It also aid for effective communication and coordination in various department in any organization which will allow for the coordination of various business processes.
What is management theoryAccording to Henri Fayol he presented the five functions of management as Planning, Organizing, Command, Coordination, and Control. These five functions are incorporated in the word “management”,
In order words Management theories are sets of of objectives and rule that are commended to guide an organization or business. They address how supervisors in order to to accomplish organizational goals and motivate employees to perform their best ability which are define in the role of a manager which are Planning, Organizing, Command, Coordination, and Control
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Smith, Inc., has the following stockholders’ equity accounts as of January 1, 2021: Preferred stock—$100 par, nonvoting and nonparticipating, 6% cumulative dividend $ 2,250,000 Common stock—$20 par value 4,250,000 Retained earnings 10,250,000 Haried Company purchases all of Smith's common stock on January 1, 2021, for $14,550,000. The preferred stock remains in the hands of outside parties. Any excess acquisition-date fair value will be assigned to franchise contracts with a 40-year remaining life. During 2021, Smith reports earning $700,000 in net income and declares $610,000 in cash dividends. Haried applies the equity method to this investment. What is the noncontrolling interest's share of consolidated net income for this period? What is the balance in the Investment in Smith account as of December 31, 2021? What consolidation entries are needed for 2021?
The specific consolidation entries would depend on the specific details of the transactions and the accounting policies adopted by the companies involved.
To determine the noncontrolling interest's share of consolidated net income for the period and the balance in the Investment in Smith account as of December 31, 2021, we need to calculate the noncontrolling interest's share of net income and the equity method adjustment.
1. Noncontrolling interest's share of consolidated net income for the period:
Net income for Smith, Inc. in 2021 is $700,000. Since Haried Company applies the equity method to its investment, it recognizes its share of Smith's net income as an increase in its Investment in Smith account.
Noncontrolling interest's share of consolidated net income = Net income for Smith, Inc. - Haried Company's share of net income
Net income for Smith, Inc. - Haried Company's share of net income = $700,000 - Haried Company's share of net income
2. Balance in the Investment in Smith account as of December 31, 2021:
The Investment in Smith account represents Haried Company's initial investment in Smith, Inc. and any subsequent adjustments based on the equity method. To calculate the balance in the Investment in Smith account as of December 31, 2021, we need to consider the initial investment, share of net income, dividends, and any equity method adjustments.
Balance in the Investment in Smith account as of December 31, 2021 = Initial investment + Haried Company's share of net income - Dividends +/- Equity method adjustments
3. Consolidation entries for 2021:
Since Haried Company applies the equity method, the consolidation entries for 2021 would involve recording the initial investment, recognizing Haried's share of Smith's net income, and adjusting for any dividends declared by Smith.
The specific consolidation entries would depend on the specific details of the transactions and the accounting policies adopted by the companies involved. Generally, the entries would involve debiting the Investment in Smith account for the initial investment, crediting the equity or investment income account for Haried's share of net income, and debiting the Investment in Smith account for any dividends received.
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