The answers for the alternatives are:
a) The PAO enzyme catalyses the degradation of chlorophyl, when the gene for the production of PAO is mutated, the pea plant won't have a functional PAO, being the chlorophyl in that plant not degradated, in consequence the pea plants will remain green and not turn out yellow like their gene stipule by Mendel's Law.
b) When made the comparison between heterozygous and homozygous for PAO enzyme in plants, it was discovered that heterozygous will have half as much PAO as a homozygous dominant for the PAO gene, since the lower enzyme level is enough to produce PAO for the plant degradate chlorophyl.
c) If the gene for the enzyme related to promote elogation of plant stems is mutated, it is expected that the height of the plant will be lower than with the specific gene working, because the reactions and gibberellin production and distribution are directed affect by that genetic modification.
How does a lysosome go through autophagy? (what steps does it take)
Answer:
The completed autophagosome or amphisome fuses with a lysosome, which supplies acid hydrolases. The enzymes in the resulting compartment, an autolysosome, break down the inner membrane from the autophagosome and degrade the cargo. The resulting macromolecules are released and recycled in the cytosol.
type of Passive Transport #2 - OsmosisWater is SO important to cells, that the movement of water gets it's own name. Osmosis is the diffusionof water through a selectively permeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration. Justlike diffusion, it does not require energy (ATP) from the cell. Also like diffusion, when there is thesame concentration of water on both sides of a membrane, or there is the same concentration of water ina solution, the system has reached equilibrium. When water is in equilibrium, the water molecules stillmove, they just move at the same rate (speed).In the diagrams below, "W" represents a molecules of water and “S” represents a molecules of sugar. On eachdiagram below:1. Label each side of the rectangle HIGH for high WATER concentration and LOW forlow WATER concentration. If they are equal, write EQUAL.2. Draw an arrow to show which why the WATER molecules will move.Diagram ADiagram BDiagram CWS WS S SWSWWW WWSSS S WWW WWSSSSS SW WW WSWWWW SSS -WWWW WWWWWWWW W WWWWWWWSWSSW SWWWWWW WWWSSSSSSSS WWWWW3. Which diagram is in equilibrium for water?How did you know?4. The diagram below represents a laboratory setup used by a student during an investigation of diffusion.Distilled water is 100% water.Tube A-Glass tube-Tube BTubing10 mL ofdistilled water10 mL of watercontaining 5% starchDialysis membraneWhich statement best explains why the liquid in tube A will rise over a period of time?(1) The starch concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane.(2) The water will pass from a region of lower starch concentration to one of higher starchconcentration.(3) Water and starch volumes are the same in both tubes A and B.(4) The fluids in both tubes A and B will change from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.In the diagram in #4, the starch will not move. Write a complete sentence explaining why.
In this case, we need to identify the diagram with water in equilibrium, which is diagram A, this is because the quantities of solvent (water) are the same on both sides if we count the number of W are 11 on each side, meanwhile, the sugar, number of S is similar, 5 on one side and 4 on the other, which indicates us that both solutions are similar, and so they are in equilibrium.
Which statement describes the most likely effect of introducing aninvasive species to an ecosystem?A. It will make the ecosystem less stable, because invasivespecies have no natural predators and can outcompetenative species.B. It will increase the prey population, because predators nowhave a new food source.C. It will stabilize the ecosystem, because increasedbiodiversity always leads to a more stable ecosystem.D. It will lead to increased biodiversity, because a newspecies has been added to the ecosystem.
Answer
The correct answer to this question is the first one: A. It will make the ecosystem less stable, because invasive species have no natural predators, and can outcompete native species.
Explanation
Invasive species use to have a negative impact upon biodiversity, because they have not coevolved with the biotic and the abiotic elements
A graduate student injected 20 rats with a chemical compound commonly found as a pollutant in the environment and found that most of the rats developed tumors within a few weeks . Eager to publish her results the student comes to you , her advisor . What would you suggest the student do before trying to publish her results ?
The suggestion to the graduate student who injected rats with a chemical compound commonly found as a pollutant and found that most of the rats developed tumors within a few weeks should be: The student to conduct another experiment to ensure that the tumor development is because of the chemical.
Pollutants are the agents that pollute the environment. There can be pollutants causing air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution etc. The main pollutants are: particulate matter, plastic bags, chemical discharge waste from industries, etc.
Tumor is the mass of continuously dividing cells that may be benign or cancerous. If the tumor remains at one place it is benign, and if it shows the property of metastasis, it is cancerous.
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Which of the following is the weakest hypothesis for the question, "Is there evidence of water on Mars?"
OA.
OB.
O C.
OD.
There is water under the surface of Mars.
There might have been water but it's difficult to tell.
There was never water on Mars.
Mars once had a lake filled with water.
The weakest hypothesis for water on mars is that there was never water on Mars.
What is a hypothesis?A hypothesis is guess that tends to serve as a lead in the course of an experiment. Let us note that in order to begin the experiment, we must be able to ask a question which would set us on course for the investigation of the question.
In this case, we are looking at the hypothesis that is the weakest. This is the hypothesis that does not in any way portray the idea of water on the surface of the mars.
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Match each muscle name with its corresponding feature
Internal
Rectus
Biceps
Abductor
The matching of the muscle names is:
Number of origins = Biceps
Action = Abductor
Location = Internal
Fiber direction = Rectus
What is a muscle?The muscle is described as contractile tissue grouped into coordinated systems for greater efficiency.
The muscle are also organs of the vertebrate muscular system and typically are attached by tendons to bones of a skeleton.
Muscles are known as soft tissues. The human body have more than 600 muscles in the system. Different types of muscles have different jobs which ranges from helping you run, jump or perform delicate tasks like threading a needle.
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The complete question is:
give an example of when a lions roar being silent would be advantageous in a population of lions.
Solution:
Roaring is an integral component of African lion ecology as it facilitates social cohesion and territorial defense. In fact, as both a social and territorial species, communication is essential to lion ecology and roaring is perhaps the most important vocal cue.
An example of the importance of the roar would be that lions can discriminate between resident and non-resident lions, determine the relative risk of encountering unfamiliar lions, and detect the ratio of residents to intruders from roaring choruses.
2. Using the earliest microscopes, scientists were able to observeA. the structures inside a cell.B. molecules.C. tiny organisms and cells.
The first microscopes were optical microscopes, which means that the image was enlarged using lenses.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was able to observe single cells organisms, as well as red blood cells and spermatozoa, in the 1670s, with single-lens microscopes that were able to magnify the images 300 times.
This means C, tiny organisms and cells, is the right answer.
9. Describe how DNA is replicated in prokaryotic cells.
This is strictly for Biology 110, and I bombed both the first and second exams, so I need as much help as I can get. Will be posting more questions soon.
If anyone on here is majoring in Biology and knows some of the material that these questions are referring to, please help!
REAL ANSWERS ONLY! NO LINKS!!!!!
Answer:
(1) topoisomerase I un-supercoils the DNA in the cytoplasm
(2) single stranded binding proteins bind to the separated DNA to keep it from reforming the hydrogen bonds while it is being replicated
(3) the RNA polymerase "primase" lays down a short stretch of RNA (RNA primer)
(4) DNA polymerase III starts adding new nucleotides to the 3’ ends of the RNA primer on both the leading and lagging strands
(5) Once the entire chromosome has been copied DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primers and replaces them with deoxyribonucleotides. DNA polymerase I has exonuclease activity in the 5’ – 3’ direction, so it can remove and then replace nucleotides as it moves down the piece of DNA.
(6) DNA ligase comes in to hook together any gaps in the nucleotides so that the newly synthesized DNA is one continuous strand and catalyzes the connection between the 5’ phosphate group and 3’ hydroxyl group
(7) The nitrogenous bases reform hydrogen bonds to "re-zip" and then DNA gyrase helps the supercoils to reform.
Explanation:
See my comment
What is the purpose of all interactions among the components of a climate system?(1 point)
Responses
to assist human activities such as shipping and farming
to transport different species of animals around the globe
to create various weather patterns on Earth
to transfer thermal energy around the world
PLEASE HURRY
In one of the reactions of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate. When this reaction is considered in isolation, a small amount of malate remains and is not oxidized. The best term to explain this is
When this reaction is considered in isolation, a small amount of malate remains and is not oxidized. The best term to explain this is entropy.
How does the citric acid cycle affect malate?Through the activity of NAD+-dependent malate dehydrogenase, malate is change to oxaloacetate, making the cycle to be full. In the Krebs cycle, there is the moving of electrons along with that of oxygen as the final acceptor.
Therefore, Entropy can be thought of as a rough point of the quality of energy, with lower entropy telling more about higher quality. Lower entropy energy is saved in an organized manner.
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See full question below
In one of the reactions of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate. When this reaction is considered in isolation, a small amount of malate remains and is not oxidized. The best term to explain this is
equilibrium
entropy
enthalpy
free energy
loss of energy
Through beta oxidation, fats are converted to acetyl CoAs. The further respiration of
these acetyl CoAs typically bypasses which parts of normal aerobic respiration?
Through beta oxidation, fats are converted to acetyl CoA. The further respiration of these acetyl CoA typically bypasses the glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation of normal aerobic respiration.
Glycolysis is the first process of respiration in which breakdown of glucose occurs. This process is common to both aerobic and anaerobic organisms and occurs on the cytoplasm of cells. One molecule of glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvates and a net gain of 2 ATP is observed.
Pyruvate oxidation is also called the linking reaction because it occurs to link the glycolysis and Krebs cycle. In pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate is oxidized to gain Acetyl CoA that further joins the Krebs cycle.
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Between which two atoms of water are hydrogen bonds are formed?
O A. between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another
OB.
between the hydrogen atoms of two water molecules
O C.
between the oxygen atoms of two water molecules
Between the hydrogen atoms of two water molecules the two atoms of water are hydrogen bonds are formed
Hydrogen Atoms and Water MoleculesTwo hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom make up the three atoms that make up a water molecule. Because of this, water is occasionally abbreviated as H2O. In the case of water, hydrogen bonds occur between adjacent water molecules' hydrogen and oxygen atoms. A bond called a hydrogen bond is produced by the attraction between individual water molecules. The molecular makeup of water holds the key to understanding its chemical behavior. A water molecule has a bent overall structure and is made up of two hydrogen atoms bound to an oxygen atom. This is because the oxygen atom additionally carries two pairs of unshared electrons in addition to making bonds with the hydrogen atoms.
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A child is swinging back and forth on a swing. Changes in her kinetic and potential energy are happening each moment. At which point, or multiple points, in her swinging would each of these two types of energy be at a maximum? In one to two sentences, describe these points and which type of energy is at a maximum at each point.(2 points)
If a child is swinging back and forth on a swing. Changes in her kinetic and potential energy are happening each moment .
What is mechanical energy?The sum of all the energy in motion (total kinetic energy) and all the energy that is stored in the system (total potential energy) is known as mechanical energy .
As given in the problem a child is swinging back and forth on a swing. Changes in her kinetic and potential energy are happening each moment .
At the extreme end of the swing, the potential energy of the child is maximum and the at lowest height of the swing the kinetic energy of the child is maximum .
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As the mass increases, the
acceleration ?
When the body of the mass increases the acceleration decrease.
According to newton's second law of motion Force equals the rate of change of momentum. F = m * a . It can also be represented as [tex]\frac{f}{a} = m[/tex]
where F = Force
m = mass of an object
a = acceleration
Mass and acceleration are inversely related, if the mass of an object increases the acceleration of the body decreases, and vice versa.
Basically when you put more weight on a moving the motion or the movement of the body decreases due to the heavyweight.
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8. Which of the following genetic disorders occurs in individuals who arehomozygous recessive for that trait?A. Huntington’s diseaseB. AchondroplasiaC. Cystic fibrosis
As we know a recessesvie trait to be expressed the organism must be homozygous for the recessive allele, otherwise, it will be masked by the dominant allele, now Huntington's disease is a dominant disorder meanwhile, achondroplasia has an autosomal dominant pattern but does not follow a simple mendelian inheritance pattern, which left us cystic fibrosis, that is an inherited recessive disorder, therefore this is the correct answer (optionC).
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related processes in living things. What is true about these processes?
A.
Plants perform only photosynthesis.
B.
Animals perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
C.
Plants perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
D.
Animals perform only photosynthesis.
Answer:
C. plants perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration
What’s the correct answer answer asap for brainlist
Answer:
letter c?
Explanation: The photic zone, is the surface layer of the ocean that receives sunlight. The uppermost 80 m (260 feet) or more of the ocean. Plus the coral reef tends to be quite illuminated at times. In addition to this, the coral reef is built out of many layers of dead cnidarians.
The ozone layer ______.
A. only exists over North America
B. surrounds the entire planet
C. exists mainly over places that are very hot
D. only exists over South America
Answer:
B is the answer
Explanation:
HELP ASAP! PLEASE! I NEED THIS IN WITHIN AN HOUR
Can someone help write a poem about the element Dubnium? It can be as short or as long as you want. If you do THANK YOU!!
Have a lovely day :) 20 Points
Answer:
its only giving 5 points...? can you change it
Explanation:
The acid test tells whether a mineral is,
A. an oxide
B. a carbonate
C. a silicate
D. a halide
i believe the answer is A carbonate.
Explain Photosynthesis as you understand it. You must use the following vocabulary words in your written explanations and
underline them: leaf, mesophyll, chloroplasts, chlorophyll, stomata, oxygen, carbon dioxide, reactants, products, and glucose.
Use the diagram below for help. Put your answer in the box below
Plants
Use
Carbon
Dioxide (CO)
and
Water (₂0)
Sunlight
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Plants Produce
Carbohydrate (CHO
and Oxygen (0)
Plant cell
OP
Chloroplast
Animal cell
Mitochondria
Animals Produce
Carbon Dioxide (CO)
RESPIRATION
Animals
Use
Carbohydrate
(C₂H2O
and Oxygen
(10)
Answer:photosynthesis is the growing of a plant
Explanation:
Help asap….
1. What is the total of all of the processes the body uses to keep its internal environment about the same?
A.homeostasis
B.homeomorphism
C.homeothermic
D.homeopathic
2. What word is used to describe the normal, or target, value for something?
A.sensor
B.effector
C.stimulus
D.set point
3 blanks please help me
Archaea are single celled and all prokaryotes. contain no cell nucleus. the ancient bacteria.
bacteria are single celled organism and are all prokaryotes contain no membrane bound nucleus.
What is cell?The basic and structural component of life is the cell. Cell biology is the study of cells, including their fundamental makeup and each organelle's functions. Cells were initially found by a biologist, Robert Hooke.
Cells comprise all living things. They could consist of several cells or just one (unicellular) (multicellular). The tiniest known cells are mycoplasmas. The foundation of all living things are cells. They give the body structure and transform the food's nutrients into energy.
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What is the term for the process of asking questions?A. Gathering data B. Inquiry C. ConclusionsD. Hypothesis
Okay, so Gathering data is more when a student or researcher is looking for information regarding a specific subject or is doing an investigation, reason why that's not the answer. Conclusions are the final idea a student or researcher gets after that investigation. The hypothesis is a proposed idea to explain a specific phenomenon.
Having this in mind, we could mention that the term used for the process of asking questions should be B. Inquiry.
22
Carly mentions to her friends that her new scented oils have been helping heal her headaches. With no scientific evidence that this "aromatherapy"
actually works, her friends should caution her and tell her to be careful. What do Carly's friends think she may be diving into?
O A. astrology
OB. phrenology
OC. pseudoscience
O D. astronomy
Annular and penumbral refer, respectively, to which phenomenon?
O A.
O B.
O C.
O D.
spring and autumn tides
solstice and equinoxes
solar and lunar eclipses
elliptical and round orbits
Annular and penumbral refer, respectively, to option C: solar and lunar eclipses.
What does an eclipse?A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves in front of the Sun, blocking some of the Sun's light on Earth either completely or partially. Because the Moon's orbit does not follow the same path as that of the Sun and Earth's, this only occurs on rare occasions.
Therefore, Penumbra is the lighter area, and umbra is the darker area. Penumbra implies partial shade, whereas "umbra" is similarly defined as shade.
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Please Help!! What nitrogen base pairs with Thymine during DNA replication? Question 2 options: Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine
Adenine pairs with Thymine during DNA replication.
Base pairingAll nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of different parts:
A pentose sugarA phosphate groupNitrogenous baseIn DNA, the pentose sugar is called Deoxyribose and DNA contains four types of nucleotides
Adenine(A)Guanine(G)Cytosine(T)Thymine(C)Erwin Chargaff in 1944, discovered that the amounts of nitrogenous bases were not found in equal proportion. However, the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine
DNA replication depends on complementary base pairing, which is the principle explained by Chargaff's rules:
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QUESTIONS:
1. Compare aerobic respiration and fermentation in term of:
a. Which process obtain less energy from glucose?
b. What are end products of fermentation and respiration process?
a) Fermentation obtain less energy from glucose .
b) The end product of fermentation are alcohol and carbon dioxide . end product of aerobic respiration is carbon dioxide , water and energy .
What is fermentation ?In anaerobic processes like fermentation, glucose can still be converted to energy even in the absence of oxygen.
In bacteria, yeast cells, animal muscles, and other tissues, fermentation takes place. The process by which glucose is broken down is anaerobic.
Cellular respiration refers to the respiration that takes place at the smallest scale possible within our bodies, i.e. within the cell. It happens whether oxygen is present or not. Any type of cellular respiration starts with glycolysis, the final step of which produces the 3-C molecule pyruvic acid.
Fermentation is one of the two main methods that various cells handle this pyruvate.
What is aerobic respiration ?Food glucose is transformed into energy during an aerobic respiration, a biological process that takes place with the presence of oxygen. The following is the chemical formula for aerobic respiration:
Oxygen 6(O2) + Carbon 6(CO2) + Water 6 (H2O) + Energy = Glucose (C6H12O6) (ATP)
The chemical equation above states that energy is released by breaking glucose molecules with the aid of oxygen gas. As the by-products or final products of the chemical reaction, energy, water molecules, and carbon dioxide gas are released.
The breakdown of the glucose molecule releases 2900 kJ of energy, which is then utilized to create ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, molecules that the body uses for a variety of functions.
All multicellular organisms, including animals, plants, and other living things, engage in an aerobic respiration process.
The stomata, which are located in the epidermis of a plant's leaves and stem, allow oxygen gas to enter plant cells during the respiration process in plants. All green plants produce their food and release energy through the process of photosynthesis.
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Some plants have parts that are pigmented and parts that are not. Take the Coleus leaf for example. Some species have green parts in the
middle and white parts on the outer portions of the leave or vice versa. If you removed the pigment from the leaf and tested it for the
presence of starch, what would you expect to see? (Remember when iodine is added, anything that contains starch turns black)
Answer:
If you removed the pigment and tested with iodine solution for the presence of starch then there would be no color change to the iodine solution
