Answer:
The planet orbits closer to the Sun than the Earth does.
why do deep earthquakes and volcanoes occur in so many of the same areas worldwide? responses because transform boundaries is occurring because transform boundaries is occurring because subduction is occurring because subduction is occurring because transform boundaries is occurring because transform boundaries is occurring because divergent boundaries is occurring
The movement of the plates is primarily responsible for earthquakes and volcanoes, particularly when plates collide at their edges or borders.
Why do most deep earthquakes occur at subduction zones ?
Deep earthquakes—those that occur at least 300 kilometers below the surface—rarely result in physical harm but are frequently sensed globally. These earthquakes can offer crucial hints for comprehending plate tectonics and the internal structure of the Earth. Deep earthquakes probably result from different physical and chemical processes than earthquakes at the surface because of the extraordinarily high temperatures and pressures below. However, as it is challenging to acquire data on deep earthquakes, scientists do not have a clear theory as to why they occur.
In order to comprehend the dynamics governing plate tectonics, Billen creates numerical simulations of subduction zones, when one plate descends beneath another. Her new research demonstrates that deep earthquakes frequently occur in areas of "high strain" where a sinking tectonic plate bends and folds, helping to explain the distribution of deep earthquakes.
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james hutton is credited with starting 'the present is the key to the past'. he believed earth's features made in the past were created by the same processes that are still occurring today. what is the name of the theory this describes?
Uniformitarianism is the name of the theory
What is Uniformitarianism?
The theory of uniformitarianism was developed by Charles Lyell in the 19th century and is based on the writings of James Hutton. According to Uniformitarianism, the forces and processes that can be seen at the surface of the earth are the same ones that have sculpted the planet's terrain throughout natural history.
Erosion, deposition, compaction, and uplift are the four processes that are mentioned above as sculpting the ground. These processes happen at incredibly slow rates even though they are constant. Hutton, a farmer, understood that erosion rates were so slow that it would take an impossibly long time to see significant changes in the Earth's landscape.
Furthermore, according to Uniformitarianism, these processes have continued throughout the course of nature. In 1his book Theory of the Earth, James Hutton states, "We find no evidence of a beginning - no hope of an end." The idea that the Earth must be so incredibly old that the mind cannot even begin to estimate its length was first put forth by Hutton.
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how do agricultural and industrial pollutants reach remote locations such as the arctic and antarctica?
The substances are transported to the Arctic in the atmosphere by ocean currents, and also by rivers and ice in the Arctic. These are the most important means of transport, but pollutants carried by animals which move between the polar areas may also have some significance.
How do ocean currents pollute remote locations?
Because ocean currents flow slowly, it may take decades for contaminants from heavily industrialised and populated places to reach the ocean. The ocean currents carry pollutants that are soluble in water and are dumped directly into the ocean or fall as rain into the ocean. The degree to which the contaminants are soluble in water will determine whether they bind to particles or sink to the seafloor. Such places might develop into what is known as sinks, or repositories for pollutants.
The layers in the water and the current systems govern the maritime transit of contaminants to the Arctic. It might take years for toxins to travel through the ocean and reach the Arctic. Then, they may stay under the water for a few years to several millennia.
Some radioactive compounds may be carried by ocean currents over great distances depending on how they behave in the marine environment.
Measures taken to stop pollutants from reaching the environment are delayed by the slow movement of the ocean currents towards the pole.
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If the time in London is 08.00 hours GMT and the local time in Addis Ababa is 12.00 noon, on what longitude is Addis Ababa?
Answer: Addis Ababa is East of the Greenwich Meridian located on longitude 60°E.
Explanation:
what is the result of the greenhouse effect on the surface environment of venus? what is the result of the greenhouse effect on the surface environment of venus? it causes the surface temperature of venus to become hotter than the sun. it has reduced the surface temperature by about 30 degrees celsius. its effect is about the same as on earth. it has raised the surface temperature by hundreds of degrees celsius. it has little or no effect.
The greenhouse effect on Venus's surface environment is to increase the planet's surface temperature by hundreds of degrees Celsius (460° C).
The Effect of the Greenhouse Effect on the Planet VenusVenus is a planet that has a very high concentration of greenhouse gases (especially carbon dioxide). This greenhouse effect causes the surface temperature of the planet Venus to reach 460° C, making it very inhospitable for living things to inhabit.
Other planets that have a greenhouse effect include Venus, Mars, and Saturn's largest satellite. Venus' atmosphere is composed mostly of carbon dioxide, trapping radiation that would be re-emitted into space and causing its surface temperature to be higher than Mercury's (given the fact that Mercury is closer to the Sun than Venus).
The greenhouse effect on Planet Venus is caused by the composition and thickness of its atmosphere which is not balanced. It can be concluded that the greenhouse effect on Planet Venus is caused by the composition and thickness of its atmosphere which is not balanced.
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surface features that are created when water dissolves limestone, like sinkholes and disappearing streams, are parts of a. a geothermal landscape. b. a karst landscape. c. a potentiometric surface. d. an artesian surface.
Surface features that are created when water dissolves limestone, like sinkholes and disappearing streams, are parts of a karst landscape .
What is meant by Karst landscape ?
A karst landscape is one in which sinkholes, sinking streams, caverns, springs, and other distinctive characteristics have been produced as a result of the bedrock's erosion. Karst is connected to soluble rock types including gypsum, marble, and limestone. A typical karst environment develops when a significant amount of surface water interacts with the subsurface and enters through fractures, holes, and crevices that have been dissolved into the bedrock.
The karst region is perfect for retaining water as an aquifer and offers a plentiful supply of pure drinking water to people, plants, and animals. Karst is porous (like Swiss cheese), which allows water to pass through it fast with little filtering. As a result, pollutants that enter a karst aquifer are quickly transported, leading to issues with water quality.
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Compare how a sphere of influence impacts the economy in a colonizing and colonized country.
In the colonized nation, the sphere of influence would cause the colonists in the area to lose the resources that they have to their colonizers.
In the colonizing economy, they would grow and have more resources from the ones that they take from these nations.
What is the sphere of influence?In international politics, sphere of influence refers to a state's assertion of exclusive or predominate control over a foreign region or territory. The word could relate to a formal pact by which another state or states promise themselves to refrain from interfering inside the sphere of influence, or it could refer to a political claim to exclusive control that other nations may or may not acknowledge as a matter of fact.
The fact that the word initially became popular in the 1880s, when the colonial expansion of the European powers in Africa and Asia was about to come to an end, has legal relevance. The effort of the major colonial powers to continue their mutual competition for colonies through established procedures was a defining feature of that expansion's final phase.
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What caused the disappearance of land bridges?
• A. Movement of the continents
• B. A mass extinction
• C. Formation of the polar ice caps
• D. The end of the Ice Age
Answer: D. End of the Ice Age
Explanation: Rising sea levels at the end of the recent ice ages are the main cause, but tectonic plate movement, and actual land sinking also played their part. Hope it helps :)
Please help due tonight. Need help with both
Answer:
Apartheid Movement
Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: d and b
Explanation: I am pretty sure the first one is d and the last one is b
Explain the GAC in hot, dry weather in the desert. (2 marks)
In a hot and dry weather such as in desert, the global atmospheric circulation often comes with a low pressure near 30° and this is the main cause of precipitation in mid-latitude.
What is a global atmospheric circulation?In geography, also known as an atmospheric circulation, refers to the large-scale movement of air and together with ocean circulation is the means by which thermal energy is redistributed on the surface of the Earth. The global atmospheric circulation varies from year to year but the large scale structure of this circulation remains fairly constant.
In conclusion, the global atmospheric circulation creates different direction of winds across the planet and leads to areas of high rainfall, like the tropical rainforests and areas of dry air, like deserts.
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in the united states, early warning systems have not greatly reduced the amount of damage caused by hurricanes. group of answer choices true false
In the united states, early warning systems have not greatly reduced the amount of damage caused by hurricanes. This statement is True.
What is a hurricane?
A revolving low-pressure weather system known as a tropical cyclone lacks fronts and has organised thunderstorms (a boundary separating two air masses of different densities). Tropical depressions are tropical cyclones with maximum sustained surface winds of less than 39 mph (mph). Tropical storms are defined as having maximum sustained winds of 39 mph or more.
Hurricanes are storms with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher. Based on a hurricane's maximum sustained winds, the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale assigns a hurricane a rating, or category, from 1 to 5. The potential for property damage increases with hurricane category.
The Atlantic basin, which includes the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico, as well as the eastern and, less frequently, the central North Pacific Oceans, is where hurricanes develop. The World Meteorological Organization updates and maintains a list of names that is rotated every six years to identify these storms.
Although hurricanes can and have happened outside of this window, "Hurricane Season" officially runs from June 1 to November 30. The Atlantic basin experiences these powerful storm systems, which average 12 times a year, according to NOAA's National Hurricane Center.
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describe the negative impacts humans have had on the naural environment in the united states
There are various ways in natural environment degradation happens like; pollution, excessive use of resources due to overpopulation, burning harmful material(plastic, fossil fuels), excessive use of things include cfc's.
In USA air pollution is the most prominent factor deteriorating nature as it is the 2nd largest emitter of carbon.
Releasing of harmful agriculture fertilizers into rivers and lakes leads to water pollution according to US ECA report.
In the US, a typical fire season that used to last for 4 months on average is now lasting nearly double that time because of climate change. 2017 report shows that careless human activities were behind about 84% of all wildfires in the US and accounted for 44% of the total area burned.
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1. What resources are located on the Great Lakes?
The Great Lakes are a system of five large freshwater lakes in North America. The lakes are (from west to east) Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, and Ontario. They are located in the Great Lakes Basin, which drains an area of about 24,000 square miles (62,100 km2) in parts of the U.S. states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and the Canadian province of Ontario. The Great Lakes form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second-largest by total volume, containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The Great Lakes Basin is home to 33 million people, two-thirds of the population of the U.S. states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, and one-quarter of the population of Ontario, Canada.
The Great Lakes are the largest system of freshwater lakes in the world. They are a critical part of the North American continent, and are essential to the continent's economy and ecology. The Great Lakes are home to a vast array of plant and animal life, and support a variety of human activities.
The Great Lakes are a major source of fresh water for the continent. They are also a critical transportation hub, connecting the East and West coasts of the continent. The Great Lakes are also a major tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world.
in what sort of landscape are rapid mass movement processes most likely to occur? describe how these geological hazards might become geological risks.
The mass movement happens on relatively steep slopes these can result in erosion of newly formed mountains , earthquakes, floods etc.
How does mass movement become natural hazards ?
Massive failures of slope masses, such as rock, debris, soils, and snow/ice, are referred to as mass motions. Sometimes, additional catastrophes like earthquakes, floods, thunderstorms, torrential rainstorms, etc. are linked to these mass movements.
Mass movements are also linked to risks created by humans, such as those caused by the installation of roads, buildings, structures, infrastructure facilities, etc. Due to the instability of the hillslope system, materials can flow across it through a number of different processes. Numerous factors influence mass movements, and the reasons behind them vary by place. The slope gradient, temperature, rock type, rock structure, physical environment, and geological and geomorphological characteristics all have an impact on mass movements.
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What is the process that causes harmful materials to seep into the ground and move through rock and soil and contaminate ground water?.
Answer:
Ground water contamination disaster
how is factfulness the book important for geographers
This term "factfulness" refers to a data-driven, fact-based worldview that is not overly dramatic or fear-based. In so many ways, the world has consistently gotten quantifiable better; this is based on an optimistic, but factual, understanding of the world today.
Factfulness is a critical thinking habit. It teaches us how to recognize and avoid the most common ways information is misinterpreted, which helps us maintain a fact-based worldview. Our responsibilities as marketers are diverse, but one constant is the need to interpret and apply data to make decisions.
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Identify the tropical zones and the temperate zones.
Arctic Circle
Tropic of Cancer
equator
Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic Circle
1
2
3
4
5
Tropical Zone
Temperate Zone
The tropical zones and the temperate zones are as follows
Tropical zone: 3Temperate Zones: 2,4Arctic Zones: 1,5What are tropical zones?Generally, The tropics are a group of places on Earth that may be found more or less near the geographic center of the planet.
The region of the tropics that may be found between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn in terms of latitude.
In conclusion, The equator and some latitudes in North America, South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia are considered to be part of the tropics.
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according to geologists, the san francisco bay area experiences five earthquakes with a magnitude of 6.5 or greater every 100 years. what is the expected value of the number of earthquakes with a magnitude of 6.5 or greater striking the san francisco bay area in the next 40 years?
13.53% probability that no earthquakes with a magnitude of 6.5 or greater strike the San Francisco Bay Area in the next 40 years.
How is the magnitude of the earthquake measured?
One magnitude unit describes an earthquake. The location of the measurement has no bearing on the magnitude. The Moment Magnitude Scale has been used to identify earthquakes all around the world since 1970.
The Moment Magnitude Scale was created to measure all types of seismic waves, including those from global seismic networks and earthquakes.
The severity of an earthquake's impacts on the surface of the Earth, people, and structures at various places around the epicenter are described by seismic intensity scales. There are several ways to quantify intensity. The Modified Mercalli Scale counts the number of shakes per unit area.
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middle-latitude anticyclones in the northern hemisphere group of answer choices are large low-pressure systems. rotate clockwise. travel from east to west. have cold fronts but not warm fronts.
In the Northern Hemisphere, middle-latitude anticyclones rotate clockwise.
What is an anticyclone?An anticyclone is a weather phenomena that is defined as a large-scale circulation of winds, clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, around a central region of high atmospheric pressure. The effects of surface-based anticyclones are cooler and drier air as well as clearing skies.
Your question seems to be incomplete. However, it most probably refers to this: "Middle-latitude anticyclones in the northern hemisphere: ... (a) rotate clockwise, (b) are large low-pressure systems, (c) travel from east to west, (d) have cold fronts but not warm fronts." In that case, the correct option would be a.
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what drives surface ocean circulation? select one: a. differences in temperature b. precipitation rates c. differences in pressure d. marine life
Differences in temperature drives surface ocean circulation
What is ocean current?
Understanding how heat energy transfers between Earth's water bodies, landmasses, and atmosphere depends on mass flows of water, or currents. Since the oceans retain 97 percent of the planet's water and cover 71 percent of its surface, they play a significant role in the storage and global transfer of thermal energy. This heat is carried by regional and global ocean currents, which have an impact on the stabilisation of global climate patterns, the cycling of gases, and the delivery of nutrients and larvae to marine ecosystems.
Ocean surface and deep waters below 300 metres are where ocean currents are found (984 feet). Both locally and globally, they can flow water horizontally and vertically. The wind, tides, Coriolis effect, sun, solar energy, and changes in water density all contribute to the ocean's complex current or circulation system. Ocean currents are also influenced by the terrain, shape, and surrounding landmasses of ocean basins. The size, shape, speed, and direction of ocean currents are influenced by these forces and physical properties.
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lava flows on the moon and mercury created large smooth plains. we don't see similar features on earth because:
We don't see similar features on earth because of tectonic plate movement, wind, rain and water.
How does tectonic plates affect flow of lava on earth ?
Some of the oceanic plate melts as it sinks deeper into the mantle. The mantle above the plate melts as a result of this material moving into it. Due to its lower density compared to the surrounding rock, this liquid rock known as magma rises to the surface. A volcano develops if the magma touches the Earth's surface.
At a divergent plate boundary, plates rip apart, resulting in volcanic activity and shallow earthquakes; and. One plate "subducts" beneath the other at a convergent plate boundary, causing a line of volcanoes on the overriding plate and a variety of earthquakes.
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depositional environments for sedimentary rocks can be deduced by look at sedimentary structures, like the giant cross-stratified navajo sandstone exposed in zion national park. to what do these dipping cross-bedded layers owe their origin?
These dipping cross-bedded layers blow Wind into sand dunes in the desert.
What are sand dunes?
A dune is a wind-formed sand mound that typically forms near a beach or in a desert. Sand accumulates in dunes when the wind drives it into a protected region behind a barrier. Sand grains build up to form dunes.
Every dune has a slip face and a windward side. The side of a dune that is windward is where the wind is blowing and pushing debris upward. Simply put, a dunes slip face is the unwinding side. In general, a slip face is more level than a dune's windward side.
A dune field or dune belt is a grouping of dunes. An erg is a sizable dune field. Namibia's Skeleton Coast Erg measures 20 kilometres in width and 2 to 5 kilometres in length.
Strong currents in the water below the surface can also create dunes. Subaqueous dunes, also known as underwater dunes, are typical in the ocean, rivers, and canals.
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What system includes the core, mantle, and crust of the earth? a. geosphere b. hydrosphere c. atmosphere d. biosphere please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
a) geosphere
Explanation:
geosphere includes all the rocks that make up Earth, from the partially melted rock under the crust, to ancient, towering mountains, to grains of sand on a beach. Both
q017) which of the following statements about sand dunes is true? a. sand dunes are made of sandstone, a type of sedimentary rock. b. sand dunes that are covered with vegetation often erode more quickly than do non-vegetated dunes. c. sand dunes can migrate upwind more than 2 km in a year. d. cross beds of sand are produced by the downwind migration of sand dunes.
In cross-sectional view, they show cross beds of sand is the statement about sand dunes which is true .
What is Sand dunes ?
Sand that has been moved by wind or water forms dune landforms. Usually, it resembles a mound, ridge, or hill. A dune system or dune complex is a region having dunes. A huge dune complex is referred to as a dune field, whereas ergs or sand seas are vast, flat areas covered with wind-blown sand or dunes with little to no vegetation. Although dunes come in a variety of sizes and forms, most dunes have a longer stoss (upflow) side where sand is forced up the dune and a shorter slip face on the lee side. A dune slack is a valley or dip between dunes.
The environments with the highest density of dunes are deserts, where a lack of moisture prevents the growth of vegetation that would otherwise obstruct the formation of dunes. Sand deposits, however, are not only found in deserts; dunes can also be found along seashores, by semiarid climate streams, in glacial outwash basins, and in other places where poorly cemented sandstone bedrock crumbles to produce a plentiful supply of loose sand.
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Grade 9 boys went for a school tour to a hill station ooty in tamil nadu. what will be the temperature at the foothills? what will be the temperature at the top of the hill station?
The temperature on the foothills will be hot, while the temperature at the top of the hill will be cooler.
The altitude of a place can factor in temperature conditions. This is related to the relationship between temperature and air pressure.
The higher we are above sea level, the lower the air pressure. In conditions with low air pressure, air molecules will move more slowly, so no collisions between air molecules occur. As a result, less heat is created, the temperature will feel cooler. Conversely, the lower it approaches sea level, the higher the air pressure which creates a hotter temperature due to the denser air molecules.
This means that grade 9 boys will feel the temperature at the top of the hill station will feel colder than the temperature when grade 9 boys are in the foothills.
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How does weathering vary according to climate?
Answer:
Explanation:
The amount of rainfall and the temperature can influence how quickly rocks weather.
The pace of chemical weathering is accelerated by high temperatures and heavier rainfall.
Compared to comparable rocks living in cold, dry climates, rocks in tropical regions exposed to heavy rainfall and high temperatures weather far more quickly.
Thermal stress, a phenomenon caused by temperature variations, can also contribute to mechanical weathering.
The expansion and contraction of rock is influenced by temperature changes (with cold).
The rock's structure deteriorates as this occurs repeatedly.
It erodes with time.
The present-day division of South Asia into national identities was mainly based on religion. Suggest alternative divisions of British India into independent countries. Discuss your reasons for these alternative national identities.
Based on sociocultural context, the alternative divisions of British India into independent countries can be based on geographical location and linguistic reasons.
What Makes National Identities?National identity is a term that is used to describe the identity of the citizens of a country usually based on peculiar historical and cultural traditions, moral values, ideals, beliefs, and national sovereignty, among others.
Given the peculiarity of British India, the alternative means by which it can be divided into independent countries aside from Religion include the following:
Geographical location: based on geographical location, British India can be divided into four parts whereby those in the North will have a separate country, the South will have a separate country, the East will have a separate country, and the West will have a separate country.Linguistic: based on the languages of each area, certain people in a specific area that speaks the same language and very related language can stay together to form a stearate country.Some other means by which British India can be divided into different countries include the following:
peculiar historyrelated cultural traditions,similar moral values, comparable ideals, identical beliefs, etc.Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is the geographical location and linguistic reasons.
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(fill in the blank) _____ compounds are substances that can be changed into gases by heating them.
Sublimatory compounds are chemicals that, when heated, can transform into gases.
What substance, when heated, transforms immediately into gas?However, some compounds can transform from a solid state to a gas state with heating. These include solid carbon dioxide and crystals of iodine from camphor. These chemicals are referred to as sublimatory substances, and the conversion process is called sublimation.
What changes from a solid to a gas?Sublimation is the process through which solids transform instantly into gases. When a solid absorbs enough energy, the forces of attraction between them are fully defeated. Sublimation occurs with solids, such as dry ice.
What alteration does heating bring about?The molecules move more quickly when something is heated. The molecules of a substance move more slowly as it is cooled.
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over land, about % of the water that reaches the atmosphere evaporates from the surface of through a process called .
This process is called Evapotranspiration where the water reaches the atmosphere.
What is Evapotranspiration?
Evaporation plus transpiration equals evapotranspiration.
Water evaporates from the land, and surfaces, and transpires, or is released, from plants, and returns to the atmosphere as the sun heats the Earth's surface. The term for this combined process is evapotranspiration.
Evapotranspiration can be viewed as precipitation's antithesis: Evapotranspiration is water that departs the land surface and returns to the atmosphere as water vapour, as opposed to water falling from the atmosphere to the land. Evapotranspiration water eventually condenses in the sky, forms clouds, and precipitates back to the Earth in other places.
The second-largest part of the water cycle, Evapotranspiration, provides crucial data for managing water on a bigger scale as well as deciding how much irrigation water to apply to areas.
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at what depth does metamorphism start in the earth's crust if the surface is 25 degrees celsius, the geothermal gradient is 25c/km, and metamorphism starts at 200c?
Temperature and pressure can become so extreme at a particular depth that they can change the chemical makeup, texture, or mineralogy of rocks. The transformation of rocks is known as metamorphism.
At a depth of 10 to 30 km, the middle and lower crust produces the majority of metamorphic rocks. The rate at which the temperature of the Earth rises with depth is known as the geothermal gradient. It suggests that the Earth's surface is receiving heat from the planet's warm center. For every kilometer of depth, the temperature rises by about 25°C on average. Such magma bodies heat the surrounding rock to a temperature of about 1000 °C, causing contact metamorphism (Figure 7.19). In the absence of directed pressure, this occurs at very shallow depths, hence the resulting rock typically does not foliate. Tectonic forces, like the collision of two continental masses, frequently cause compressional stresses in the rocks, which cause the differential stress. Consequently, the cores of fold-and-thrust mountain belts or eroded mountain ranges are where regionally metamorphosed rocks are found. As far as metamorphic processes go, burial metamorphism occurs at pressures and temperatures that are relatively low (up to 300 °C). Tectonic forces, like the collision of two continental masses, frequently cause compressional stresses in the rocks, which cause the differential stress. Consequently, the cores of fold-and-thrust mountain belts or eroded mountain ranges are where regionally metamorphosed rocks are found. As far metamorphic as processes go, burial metamorphism occurs at pressures and temperatures that are quite low (up to 300 °C) (100s of m depth).
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