4. In what ways did Joseph Stalin maintain a strong dictatorship? (Select all that apply) *

D. there was no well defined sentiment for independence

In Greek mythology, the first human woman was Pandora, who was created by Hephaestus, the god of fire and forge.

According to the myth, Zeus ordered Hephaestus to create Pandora as part of a scheme to punish Prometheus, who had stolen fire from the gods and given it to humans. Pandora was given a box by the gods as a wedding gift and was instructed never to open it. However, her curiosity got the better of her, and she opened the box, releasing all the evils and troubles of the world. Only hope remained inside the box, giving humanity a glimmer of optimism amid the hardships of life.

In Greek mythology, the story of Pandora is a well-known myth that seeks to explain the existence of evil and suffering in the world. The myth is often used as a cautionary tale about the dangers of curiosity and disobedience.

The name Pandora means "all-gifted" or "all-giving." According to Hesiod's "Works and Days," she was the first mortal woman created by the gods, designed to be a punishment for humanity. Zeus, the king of the gods, was angered by Prometheus, a Titan who had given fire to humanity and had shown them how to trick the gods. As punishment, Zeus ordered Hephaestus, the god of fire and forge, to create Pandora and sent her to earth with a jar or a box that contained all the miseries of humanity.

Pandora was given to Epimetheus, Prometheus' brother, as a wife. She was beautiful, curious, and intelligent, and soon, she became fascinated by the box, despite being warned not to open it. Eventually, her curiosity overcame her, and she opened the box, releasing all the evils and miseries into the world, such as disease, poverty, envy, greed, and war. Realizing her mistake, Pandora quickly closed the box, trapping only one thing inside it: hope.

In some versions of the myth, the box that Pandora opened is actually a jar, and it is only in the later retellings of the myth that the container becomes a box. Nonetheless, the story of Pandora and her box has become a powerful cultural symbol, often used to illustrate the consequences of disobedience and curiosity, and the importance of hope in the face of hardship.

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The origins of the modern plantation system can be found in the c. Portuguese slave trade.

The modern plantation system began in the 15th century when the Portuguese started importing slaves from Africa to work on sugar plantations on the island of Madeira. The system then spread to other Portuguese colonies, such as Brazil, and was later adopted by other European colonial powers.

The plantation system involved large-scale agricultural production, often on estates or large farms, that relied on slave labor to cultivate crops such as sugar, coffee, tobacco, and cotton. The system was characterized by the use of brutal and inhumane practices towards enslaved people, which had lasting effects on the social, economic, and political structures of the regions where it was implemented.

The origins of the modern plantation system can be found in the c. Portuguese slave trade.

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The feature that was common to all of the eventually rebellious colonies was their similar social structures.

Despite their different backgrounds and origins, the colonies shared a common set of social and economic values that laid the foundation for their eventual rebellion against British rule.

They were largely agrarian societies, with most of the population being small farmers or artisans who relied on local trade and commerce for their livelihoods.

This common social structure helped to unite the colonies in their struggle for independence, as they shared a common set of grievances against the British government's policies and practices.

Additionally, while religious freedom was an important issue for some colonies, it was not a defining feature that united all of them in their rebellion. Instead, it was their shared social and economic values that helped to lay the groundwork for their eventual independence.

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The middle colonies were the most ethnically diverse region of colonial America, whereas New England was the least ethnically diverse.

New England (including Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire) had a predominantly English Puritan population, with very few other ethnic groups represented. The South (including Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia) also had a diverse population due to the presence of enslaved Africans and African Americans, as well as indigenous peoples, but was not as diverse as the middle colonies. The frontier regions (including the Appalachian Mountains and beyond) were also diverse, but not as densely populated as the other regions.

The middle colonies were the most ethnically diverse region of colonial America because they had a mix of different European settlers, including English, Dutch, German, and Swedish immigrants. This diversity was a result of the region's fertile land, which attracted settlers from various backgrounds. On the other hand, New England was the least ethnically diverse region as it was primarily settled by English Puritans who sought to establish a homogeneous religious community.

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When Poe's foster father died, Edgar inherited nothing.

Edgar Allan Poe was taken in by John Allan, a wealthy merchant in Richmond, Virginia, after his own parents died. However, Poe's relationship with Allan was tumultuous, and they frequently clashed over money and other issues. When Allan died in 1834, Poe was not included in his will and received no inheritance.

This was a significant blow to Poe, who was already struggling financially and had been counting on some form of support from Allan.

The loss of this potential inheritance may have contributed to Poe's ongoing financial difficulties and may have played a role in his decision to pursue a career as a writer, which was notoriously difficult to make a living from in the mid-19th century.

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The correct chronological order of the events is: b. A, B, C, D. George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity; (B) General Edward Braddock is defeated near Fort Duquesne; (C) British troops capture Louisbourg in their first significant victory of the French and Indian War; and (D) General James Wolfe's army defeats Montcalm's on the Plains of Abraham.

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During Sir Edmund Andros's rule, all of the above-mentioned events occurred.

So, the correct answer is E. All of these.

The power of town meetings was curbed, and officials tried to enforce the Navigation Laws.

Additionally, taxes were levied without the consent of elected representatives, and smuggling was suppressed.

Sir Edmund Andros was appointed by the English Crown to govern the Dominion of New England, and his rule was characterized by strict control and limited autonomy for the colonies under his jurisdiction.

While he was able to achieve some measure of stability and order in the region, his actions were met with resentment and resistance from the colonists, ultimately leading to his overthrow and the end of the Dominion of New England.

Hence, the answer of the question is E.

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The United States became involved in World War II: primarily due to the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan on December 7, 1941.

This event marked a turning point in the nation's stance on the conflict, shifting from a policy of isolationism to one of active involvement. In addition to the attack on Pearl Harbor, the U.S. was concerned about the aggressive actions taken by Axis Powers, particularly Germany and Italy, as they sought to expand their territories and influence.

The United States officially entered the war on December 8, 1941, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan. Following this declaration, Germany and Italy declared war on the United States on December 11, 1941, leading the U.S. to reciprocate and declare war on both countries.

This marked the beginning of the United States' active participation in World War II, as they joined forces with the Allies to fight against the Axis Powers.

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The government of Mexico and the Americans who settled in Mexican-controlled Texas clashed over all of the following issues except allegiance to Spain. The correct option is C.

After Mexico gained its independence from Spain in 1821, Texas became a part of the new Mexican Republic. However, American settlers began to pour into Texas in the 1820s and 1830s, seeking cheap land and opportunities for economic advancement.

Tensions between the Mexican government and the Anglo-American settlers came to a head in the 1830s and 1840s, leading to the Texas Revolution and eventual annexation of Texas by the United States.

Thus, the ideal selection is option C.

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Genghis Khan's men wear silk during battle because it is easier to remove the arrow and causes less injury.

There is no conclusive evidence that Genghis Khan's troops wore silk during battle. Silk, on the other hand, was highly valued and sought after in Central Asia, where it was frequently employed as a luxury item or a form of payment.

It is possible that some of Genghis Khan's men wore silk as a mark of wealth or prestige, but it is unclear that this was a widespread practise among his troops.

Instead, his armies were known for their use of horseback riding and archery skills, both of which were critical to their battle success.

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The mystery surrounding the burial of Genghis Khan, the founder and first emperor of the Mongol Empire, is that the location of his final resting place has never been definitively confirmed or identified.

Genghis Khan reportedly passed away in 1227, and his body was returned to Mongolia for burial. His gravesite's precise location is still unknown, though.

Genghis Khan's successors and family members kept the site a secret on purpose to stop his adversaries from desecrating or destroying his remains, which is why this is the case.

There have been many rumours and urban legends over the years regarding the site of Genghis Khan's grave. His tomb may be found close to his birthplace in northeastern Mongolia, according to some reports, while others assert that he was interred in a remote area in the mountains.

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In the eighteenth century, the majority of immigrants coming to America were Scots-Irish or German.

Scots-Irish immigrants, also known as Ulster Scots, were primarily from the northern region of Ireland, and many had previously migrated from Scotland. They were largely Presbyterian and brought with them a tradition of farming and a strong work ethic.

German immigrants also made up a significant portion of the immigrant population in the eighteenth century. They came from various regions of Germany and were often drawn to America by the promise of land ownership and religious freedom. Many German immigrants were Lutheran or Reformed, and they also brought with them a tradition of farming and skilled trades.

Both Scots-Irish and German immigrants made significant contributions to the development of the United States. They played key roles in settling the frontier, building new towns and cities, and helping to shape American culture. Today, many Americans can trace their ancestry back to these early immigrants, and their legacy can be seen in the diversity and resilience of the American people.

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Colonists responded to the hated Stamp Act in all of the following ways except: via violence in several colonial towns.

So, the correct answer is C.

The colonists responded to the Stamp Act in various ways, including convening a colonial congress to request repeal of the act, boycotting British goods, wearing colonial textiles instead of British cloth, and having colonial legislatures issue a court mandate forbidding the enforcement of the act.

However, violence in several colonial towns was not a response that the colonists used to oppose the Stamp Act.

Instead, they used peaceful means such as petitions, boycotts, and legal challenges to express their dissatisfaction with the act.

Despite their efforts, the Stamp Act was not repealed, and tensions between the colonies and Great Britain continued to grow, ultimately leading to the American Revolution.

Hence the answer of the question is C.

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The Texas legislature is unique in that it is not organized along party lines. This is largely due to historical and cultural factors. Texas has a long tradition of valuing independence and self-reliance, which is reflected in the state's political culture.

Additionally, the state's history of one-party dominance, particularly by the Democratic Party, has also contributed to a more bipartisan approach in the legislature. Furthermore, the Texas constitution places significant limits on the powers of the governor and the legislature, which has helped to create a more collaborative and consensus-driven environment. Despite the lack of formal party organization, individual legislators still tend to align themselves with either the Democratic or Republican Party, and party affiliation can play a role in shaping legislative priorities and agendas. However, the absence of strict party discipline has also allowed for greater flexibility and creativity in the legislative process, which can lead to more effective policymaking.

The Texas legislature is not organized strictly around party lines due to its focus on local and regional issues, bipartisan cooperation, and the tradition of low partisanship in state politics. This approach promotes collaboration and allows legislators to address concerns more effectively, serving the interests of their constituents.

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Nodelman, a well-known art historian, compares: veristic portraits to Roman portrait sculptures. Veristic portraits, originating in ancient Rome, aim to depict the subject with striking realism and emphasize the individual's distinctive features.

They often showcase age and wisdom by highlighting wrinkles, facial hair, and other signs of maturity.

Roman portrait sculptures also focus on capturing the likeness and individuality of the subject. These sculptures are known for their attention to detail, such as the accurate portrayal of hair and facial expressions. Similar to veristic portraits, Roman portrait sculptures tend to portray the subject with a sense of dignity and authority, showcasing the individual's social and political standing.

In summary, Nodelman compares veristic portraits to Roman portrait sculptures because both art forms strive to depict the subject with remarkable realism and individuality, highlighting distinctive features and often emphasizing age and wisdom as a sign of social standing.

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When the Confederates discovered that Lincoln had requested supplies be delivered to the fort, they opened fire with their batteries on Fort Sumter. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

Lincoln, a moderate Republican, had to negotiate a complex web of divisions with allies and foes from the Democratic and Republican parties. His allies, the War Democrats and the Radical Republicans, asked that the Southern Confederates be treated harshly.

Lincoln was hated by anti-war fort Democrats (known as "Copperheads"), and irrational pro-Confederate extremists sought his murder. He controlled the factions by taking advantage of their animosity toward one another of the world

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Matching each nation with the correct description following the Revolutionary War is:

A. Britain - occupied a chain of trading forts in the Old Northwest. Therefore the correct description is 3.

B. France - demanded repayment of wartime loans. Therefore the correct description is 2.

C. Spain - controlled important trade routes from the interior of North America. Therefore the correct description is 4.

D. Barbary Coast - threatened American commerce in the Mediterranean. Therefore the correct description is 1.

Matching each nation with the correct description of the problem it presented for U.S. foreign relations following the Revolutionary War is as follow:

A. Britain:

The correct match is 3. occupied a chain of trading forts in the Old Northwest.

After the Revolutionary War, Britain maintained a presence in the Old Northwest, occupying several trading forts. This created tension with the United States, as it was a violation of the Treaty of Paris (1783).

B. France:

The correct match is 2. demanded repayment of wartime loans. After the Revolutionary War, France demanded the repayment of loans they provided to the United States during the war. This put a strain on U.S. foreign relations with France, as the new nation faced economic difficulties.

C. Spain:

The correct match is 4. controlled important trade routes from the interior of North America. Spain controlled the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans, which were crucial for trade in the region. This created challenges for the United States as it tried to expand westward and maintain trade relations.

D. Barbary Coast:

The correct match is 1. threatened American commerce in the Mediterranean. The Barbary Coast pirates threatened American commerce by attacking and capturing American ships in the Mediterranean. This forced the United States to negotiate treaties and pay tribute to protect its ships and sailors.

Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Match each nation with the correct description of the problem it presented for U.S. foreign relations following the Revolutionary War. A. Britain B. France C. Spain D. Barbary Coast 1. threatened American commerce in the Mediterranean. 2. demanded repayment of wartime loans. 3. occupied a chain of trading forts in the Old Northwest. 4. controlled important trade routes from the interior of North America.

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The term used to describe the practice of leaving a government job for a more lucrative job with the industry the former government employee had regulated is known as the "revolving door" phenomenon.

This practice is particularly common in the United States, where there is a well-established tradition of government officials and regulators moving back and forth between the public and private sectors.

Critics of the revolving door argue that it creates a conflict of interest, as government officials who are responsible for regulating an industry may be more likely to favor that industry's interests if they hope to secure a lucrative job with them in the future. They also argue that it undermines public trust in government, as it creates the appearance of impropriety and can erode confidence in the impartiality of government decision-making.

Proponents of the revolving door argue that it can be beneficial, as it allows for the exchange of knowledge and expertise between the public and private sectors. They also argue that it is difficult to prevent individuals from pursuing job opportunities that may arise after they leave government service, and that attempts to do so may discourage talented individuals from entering government in the first place.

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The power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization is a delegated power of the federal government under the United States Constitution.

This means that the power is specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution and is not reserved for the states or individuals. The Constitution grants Congress the power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization, which means that Congress has the authority to determine the process by which immigrants become citizens of the United States.

This power is concurrent, meaning that it can be exercised by both the federal government and the states. However, because the Constitution grants this power to the federal government, any state laws related to naturalization must be in accordance with federal law.

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The Second Continental Congress of Revolutionary days can be best described by option D) It was little more than a conference of ambassadors with very limited power.

The Second Continental Congress was established during the Revolutionary days and played a significant role in shaping American history.

However, it did not have a strong constitutional authority and did not comprise representatives from all thirteen states. It was more of a conference of ambassadors with limited power, and therefore, it did little of lasting value.

The Congress did not take away the sovereignty of the states, as it was established to represent the interests of the colonies collectively. It worked towards the common goal of achieving independence from British rule and played a vital role in drafting the Declaration of Independence.

Overall, the Second Continental Congress played an important role in American history but was limited in its power and representation.

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When dealing with an uncooperative government agency, one's last resort in seeking help could be to reach out to elected representatives, such as members of Congress, and ask for their intervention.

Additionally, filing a complaint with the agency's inspector general, seeking legal assistance from a lawyer, or contacting a non-governmental organization that specializes in the specific issue at hand could also be options to consider.

If you've reached your last resort in seeking help from an uncooperative government agency, you may consider contacting an ombudsman, filing a formal complaint, or seeking legal advice. These options can provide you with further guidance and assistance in resolving your issue with the agency.

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Slaves were denied an education because masters believed that reading brought new ideas that might lead to their discontent. Thus, option C is correct.

Despite the fact that writing was prohibited in many slave codes, slaves learned to read since they were a way that allowed them to gain knowledge that would help them win their freedom. Because of their literacy, they were able to speak with other slaves and provide data that would be helpful for escaping.

There were various reasons why people in slavery wanted to read or write. A literate slave might fake free documents or passes, which could help a slave escape. Therefore, option C is correct.

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When a nation becomes a member of the United Nations (UN), it must accept the principles and obligations outlined in the UN Charter.

These include maintaining international peace and security, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and cooperating with other nations to address global challenges such as poverty, hunger, and disease. Specifically, new members are required to sign a declaration in which they pledge to abide by the provisions of the UN Charter and to fulfill their obligations as UN members. These obligations include paying their assessed contributions to the UN budget, cooperating with UN peacekeeping and other missions, and refraining from the use of force except in self-defense or with the authorization of the Security Council.

In addition to these obligations, new members are also expected to participate actively in the work of the UN and to contribute to the achievement of its goals and objectives.

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Richard Williams' description of Henry Morton Stanley's reputation in the Congo portrays him as a ruthless, violent and exploitative figure who treated the Congolese people with great cruelty and callousness.

He portrays Stanley's excursions as "rapacious" and "extremely violent." According to Williams, Stanley's activities in the Congo were motivated only by self-interest and a desire for personal money and prestige.

Stanley's own speech to the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, on the other hand, portrays him as a heroic character who brought civilization and progress to the Congo.

His missions are described as noble endeavours aiming at discovering the unknown and introducing Western knowledge and culture to the African continent.

Stanley depicts himself as a kind man who treated the Congolese people with care and respect and helped to eliminate the region's slave trade.

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The beys of Tunisia modernized their military and were the first Muslim state in North Africa to do so. This modernization included the introduction of European-style training and equipment as well as the establishment of a standing army.

Moreover, borrowing Western military techniques and methods, even extending to such seemingly irrelevant details as the type of uniform and parade drill procedures. All imported Western military advisers to train the new armies.

These reforms helped Tunisia maintain its independence from European colonial powers and remain a major power in North Africa during the 19th century.

Additionally, Beys' modernization efforts also extended to other areas, such as education, infrastructure, and public health.

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In May 1775, a small American force led by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold achieved a valuable victory by capturing the British garrisons at Ft. Crown Point and Ticonderoga in upper New York. So, the correct answer is option B.

This provided the Americans with a priceless store of gunpowder and artillery for the siege of Boston, which allowed them to not only hold off the British but also expand their military operations.

Furthermore, the capture of Ft. Ticonderoga and Crown Point gave the Americans a strategic advantage by positioning them for their planned assault on Canada. This was a crucial move as the potential victory in Canada could have led to the French declaring war on the British and altering the outcome of the entire war.

Overall, the capture of Ft. Ticonderoga and Crown Point was a significant military triumph for the Americans that secured essential supplies and provided a strategic foothold for their planned operations.

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As a result of Parliament's rejection of the petitions of the Continental Congress, fighting and bloodshed took place, and war began.

So, the correct answer is B.

This marked the start of the American Revolutionary War, a conflict between Great Britain and the 13 American colonies, which eventually led to the formation of the United States.

The rejection by Parliament demonstrated a lack of willingness to address the concerns raised by the colonists, fueling resentment and resistance.

Key figures like Sam Adams, John Hancock, and Ben Franklin played important roles during this period, advocating for the colonies' rights and pushing for independence

Despite their efforts, the conflict escalated, leading to a prolonged war and ultimately, the birth of a new nation.

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