Answer:
Determine the total capacitance between points A and B in the figure below. C =104F C = 5uF C=20uF MAE ce Select the best answer: 2.84uF 2.80uF O 2.90pF 2.86F
Explanation:
hoped it help cutie if u need more help js ask meh
A weightlifter lifts a 32 kg barbell a distance of 0.1 m in 0.83 s. How much power is demonstrated by the lift?
Answer:
Explanation:
Work:
A = m·g·h = 32·9.8·0.1 = 31.36 L
Power:
N = A / t = 31.36 / 0.83 ≈ 38 W
in its daily prowl of the neighborhood, a cat makes a dis- placement of 120 m due north, followed by a 72-m displace- ment due west. (a) find the magnitude and direction of the dis- placement required for the cat to return home. (b) if, instead, the cat had first prowled 72 m west and then 120 m north, how would this affect the displacement needed to bring it home? explain.
To find a solution, we first know about magnitude and displacement.
What is magnitude?
Magnitude typically refers to size or distance. By comparing the size and movement speed of the object, we can relate magnitude to movement. The object's or quantity's size determines its magnitude.
What is displacement?
A one-dimensional quantity called displacement (symbolized as d or s), also known as length or distance, represents the separation between two specified points. The meter is the SI's (International System of Units) accepted displacement unit.
Given that the beginning displacement is 120 meters to the north, the ultimate displacement is 72 meters to the west.
R = (A2+B2)1/2 is the magnitude of the resulting vector A+B.
The angle formed with the west direction is = tan-1(A /B) when = 139.9428m.
(Southeast) = 59.03624 degrees (B) Instead, if the cat had first wandered 120 m north, then 72 m west.
Then the magnitude of the resulting quantity is the same as R, but the angle is different because of = tan-1(72m / 120m) = 30.96375degrees.
Therefore the magnitude is 139.9428m.
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a force of 50 n is applied tangentially to the rim of a solid disk of radius 0.12 m. the disk rotates about an axis through its center and perpendicular to its face with a constant angular acceleration of 110 rad/s2. determine the mass of the disk.
Since (r ) equal to A plus Br, the mass per unit area of a circular disc with radius a depends on the distance r from its center.
Determine the mass of the disk ?Mass is obtained by multiplying density by volume.The volume of a disk is equal to its area times thickness, or r2 times thickness.Simply multiply this volume by the disk density, and there you have it!a disk's bulk.
F= 50 N
r= 0.12 m
α = 110 rad/s²
The moment of inertia of disk about center
I= 0.5 m r²
m=mass , r=radius
The moment of inertia of disk about O
I' = 0.5 m r²+ m r²
I'=1.5 m r²
The torque produce by force F about O
τ = F x 2r
τ =2 F r
= 2 x 50 x 0.12 N.m
τ =12 N.m
We know that
τ = I' α
12 = 1.5 x m x 0.12² x 110
m=2.37 Kg
Mass of the disk m= 2.377 kg
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A caterpillar tries to climb straight up a wall two meters high, but for every 2 cm up it climbs, it slides down 1 cm. Eventually, it reaches the top. When it reaches the top, it does not pull itself over so it will slide down 1 cm. At this point, the caterpillar was exhausted and fell to the ground. What is the total displacement?
In the first box, select the total displacement. In the second box, indicate the direction whether up, down or n/a.
It is to be noted that the total displacement is 0cm. Note that displacement is different from distance traveled.
What is displacement in Physics?Displacement is described as the total change in an object's location as well as the direction of motion.
The formula is given as:
Displacement = Final position – initial position = change in position.
Given that the caterpillar falls back to the ground, it means that the total displacement is zero.
Final Position = 0
Initial position = 0
Displacement, thus = 0-0 =0
When distinguishing between displacement and distance, we know that distance is the total length of the path between any two places.
Displacement is defined as the direct length between any two places measured via the shortest path between them.
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which layer of the atmosphere is the hottest due to the large amount of kinetic energy of it's molecules
The hottest part of the atmosphere is called the thermosphere.
This region is the hottest because UV rays cause ionization, and because solar radiation is absorbed here, temperature rises with altitude.
What are the atmospheric layers?The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere are the four principal layers of the atmosphere. Depending on how it is defined, the atmosphere's thickness ranges from 100 to 10,000 kilometers.The troposphere is generally warm at the base and cools as it rises. At its base, the stratosphere is quite cool, but as you ascend, it becomes hotter.Ozone generation generates heat, which causes temperatures to rise from an average of -60°F (-51°C) at the tropopause to a maximum of roughly 5°F (-15°C) at the top of the stratosphere. Because of the temperature gradient with height, warmer air is found above cooler air.To learn more about atmospheric layers refer to:
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what is the upper block's acceleration if the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the table is 0.13?
The answer is 2.416 m/s^2.
Solution:
friction force on the upper block = umg
= 0.13*2*9.81
= 2.5506 N
so writing the equation of motion for the upper block
T - f = ma
or T-2.5506 = 2a
writing the equation of motion for the lower block
mg-T=ma
or 9.8-T=a
Hence, we get a = 2.416 m/s^2.
Since the top block slides to the right, the frictional force acting on it acts to the left. His reaction wall acts on the forward-acting lower block. The frictional force absorbs x mechanical energy from the upper block, but transfers only y mechanical energy to the lower block. To find the acceleration of the body in terms of angle and coefficient of friction.
A material modulus value of 1 means that the friction force is equal to the normal force. This means that the force required to move an object is equal to its weight. An object may have a friction value greater than 1. There are two types of friction coefficients: static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient. The former is sometimes called the initial friction coefficient and the latter is sometimes called the dynamic or sliding friction coefficient.
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a cylindrical resistor of radius 4.5 mm and length 2.0 cm is made of material that has a resistivity of
A cylindrical resistor of radius 4.5 mm and length 2.0 cm is made of material that has a resistivity then current density J is 1.12 × [tex]10^{5}[/tex]
Since P = i^2 r = (J^2) (A^2) R
J = 1/A [tex]\sqrt{P/R}[/tex]
Current density (J) = 1.12 × [tex]10^{5}[/tex]
A material's electrical resistivity, also known as specific electrical resistance or volume resistivity, is a key characteristic that quantifies how effectively it resists electric current. A substance that permits electric current to flow easily has a low resistance. The Greek letter is often used to signify resistivity (rho). Ohm-meters (m) are the metric unit for electrical resistivity. For instance, the resistivity of a material is 1 m if it has sheet contacts on two of its opposing faces and has a 1 resistance between them.
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asasdcdcesasxxassxaasdddfdsas
Answer: That is not a question.
Explanation: It is a random jumble of letters. It also has no question mark.
What is the direction of net force at all points in the projectile's path?
The direction of net force at all points in the projectile's path is downwards towards the ground.
F = m a
F = Force
m = Mass
a = Acceleration
F ∝ a
The direction of net force is influenced by the direction of acceleration.
In a projectile motion, if the air resistance is considered negligible, there will be no acceleration in horizontal direction. Because, there will be no forces acting in horizontal direction. The only force acting on the projectile is the force of gravity. Gravity pulls the object downwards throughout its motion. So the direction of net force will be downwards at all points in the projectile's path.
Therefore, the direction of net force at all points in the projectile's path is downwards towards the ground.
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In 1924, edwin hubble proved that the andromeda galaxy lay far beyond the bounds of the milky way, thereby putting to rest the idea that it might have been a cloud within our own galaxy. What key observation enabled him to prove this?.
The key observation was observing individual Cepheid variable stars in Andromeda and applying the period-luminosity relation.
Edwin Powell Hubble was an American astronomer. He played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology.
In 1924, Edwin Hubble proved that the Andromeda Galaxy lay far beyond the bounds of the Milky Way, thus putting to rest the idea that it might have been a cloud within our own galaxy. This all he has done by observing individual Cepheid variable stars in Andromeda and applying the period-luminosity relation.
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which method would be most helpful in locating the center of gravity of an object? which method would be most helpful in locating the center of gravity of an object? applying a known torque to the object hanging the object from a string spinning the object like a top carefully weighing the object
Plumb-line method By hanging an item from several places and marking the vertical line with a plumb line, you can empirically determine where an object's center of gravity is located.
The object's center of gravity is where two or more vertical lines converge at a point on the plumb line.
A plumb line is a string that hangs perpendicular to the earth's surface with a large weight attached to it. The center of mass of the object will be traversed by a line drawn parallel to the plumb line. Draw a line along the second plumb line after repeating the process with a different attachment point.
Rub a rope through colored chalk to create a plumb line, then tack it to the top of the wall. Then secure the loose end with a plumb bob (or other tiny weight). Pull the cord taut while maintaining the bob's natural position of falling.
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what are two of the three scales discussed in the text that we can use to measure the power/magnitude of an earthquake?
It is accurate to say that the Mercalli, Richter, and magnitude scales are the three main scales used to measure earthquakes. These three scales were used to gauge the earthquake's seismic waves.
The Mercalli intensity scale rates the power of an earthquake. The largest shock of energy from an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale. The preferred method for calculating earthquake magnitudes is the moment magnitude scale.The moment magnitude scale, which measures magnitude (M), or size, and the Modified Mercalli scale, which measures intensity, are the two scales that are most frequently used in the United States today.Seismometer data can be used to estimate an earthquake's timing, position, and magnitude. Seismometers capture the earth's internal vibrations caused by earthquakes. Every seismometer captures the earth movement right beneath it.To know more about Richter
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a 12-kg hammer strikes a nail at a velocity of 7.5 m/s and comes to rest in a time interval of 8.0 ms. (a) what is the impulse given to the nail? (b) what is the average force acting on the nail?
The impulse of given nail is -90 kg-m/s .
The average force acting on nail is 11250 N .
What is impulse and force?Considering that,
The hammer weighs 12 kg.
The hammer's initial speed when that strikes a nail is u = 7.5 m/s.
At last, it comes to rest when v = 0.
The time is t = 8ms = 0.008 s.
Let J be the impulse applied to the nail in (a). An item receives an impulse equal to a change within the momentum. It comes from:
J = m(v - u)
v = 0
J = -12kg x 7.5 m/s
J = -90 kg-m/s
The impulse is causing motion to move in the opposite direction.
The following provides another definition of impulse:
J = F X t
The average force pushing against the nail is F.
F = J / t
F = 90 kg-m/s / 0.008 s
F = 11250 N .
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a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm forms an upright and diminished image of a real object placed at a distance of 5 cm from the mirror. question 17 options: true false
Answer:The correct statement regarding single convicts made A is false if we don't choose the correct statement. Okay, which is not true. The image is always a virtual coma, erect and small in size, for the single mirror. Real objects regardless of traditions are small. Is it okay? The enemy's position needs to be smaller than the object position if the image is virtual erect. The third option will become the false statement that it will be the answer and the fourth option will give us a virtual object that will give us a real image. We can use a virtual object to give us a real image. It is a real image. The answer to the problem is the option three. Thank you for taking the time to thank me.
Explanation:
What is the primary advantage of using phase comparison in an interference microscope?.
The ability to view living cells in their normal form without first killing, fixing, and staining them is one of the primary advantages of phase contrast microscopy in an interference microscope.
It is possible to view and record the dynamics of current biological processes in great clarity and strong contrast with minuscule specimen detail. Phase contrast and differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy are complementary methods for obtaining highly contrasted pictures of transparent biological phases that often have no impact on the amplitude of visible light waves flowing through the material.
In both situations, the contrast in the DIC pictures is heavily influenced by the orientation of the specimen, but the characteristics of the phase contrast images are unaffected by the rotation of the specimen around the microscope's optical axis.
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calculate the force (in n) needed to bring a 1050 kg car to rest from a speed of 85.0 km/h in a distance of 115 m (a fairly typical distance for a non-panic stop).
The force needed to bring a car to rest from a speed is 2,541 Newton.
The formula in non-uniform motion
v = u + at
v² = u² + 2ad
[tex]d = u \times t + \frac{1}{2} \times a \times t^2[/tex]
u = initial speed (m/s) = 0 m/sv = final speed (m/s) = 85.0 km/ht = time (s)d = displacement (m) = 115 ma = acceleration (m/s)Because the final speed is km/h, we must convert it into m/s
v = 85.0 km/h
v = [tex]85.0 \times \frac{1 \: km}{1 \: hour}[/tex]
v = [tex]85.0 \times \frac{1,000 \: m}{3,600 \: s}[/tex]
v = [tex]\frac{850}{36}[/tex]
v = 23.6 m/s
Calculate the acceleration
v² = u² + 2ad
23.6² = 0² + (2×a×15)
556.96 = 230a
[tex]a = \frac{556.96}{230}[/tex]
a = 2.42 m/s
Formula to find the force F=ma
m = mass (kg) = 1,050 kga = acceleration(m/s)F = force (Newton)F = ma
F = 1,050×2.42
F = 2541 Newton
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an elevator is moving down at a constant rate of 4 m/s. a person is standing on ascale that says the person weighs 80 n. when it reaches the bottom, it comes to a stop in 2 seconds. during the stopping process, what is the reading on the scale? (a picture of what is happening during the stopping of the elevator will help.)
The reading on the scale is 96.31 N.
What is meant by reading on the scale?The Reading Scale describes how people progress through the difficult process of learning to read. It provides teachers with methods for viewing and analyzing their observations of children's developing reading skills, knowledge, and comprehension.
When the elevator stops, its speed decreases from 4 m/s to 0 m/s.
This suggests a slowing down. The amount of force being applied to the
F= mass times acceleration
Assuming the deceleration is constant, we have the following equation:
V = U + at
Where V = Final speed = 0
U = initial speed = 4
a = acceleration
t = time
Solving, we get:
0 = 4 + 2a
a = -2 m/s^2
Solving, we get:
0 = 4 + 2a
a = -2 m/s^2
Thus the object decelerates at 2 m/s^2
The mass of the person = 80 / 9.81 = 8.155 kg
F = 8.155 * 2
F = 16.31 N
Weight in total: 80 + 16.31 = 96.31 N (This is the reading on the scale).
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a parallel-plate capacitor in air has circular plates of radius 2.7 cm separated by 1.1 mm. charge is flowing onto the upper plate and off the lower plate at a rate of 7 a. find the time rate of change of the electric field between the plates.
The time rate of change of the electric field between the
is 1.43x [tex]10^{14}[/tex]N C [tex]s^{1[/tex] .
The radius is 2.7 cm = 0.027m
The distance of separation is 1.1 mm = 0.0011m
The current is 7A
Generally the electric field generated is mathematically represented as
E = [tex]\frac{q}{\pi r^{2}E_{0} }[/tex]
=
Where [tex]E_{O}[/tex] is the permittivity of free space with a value
[tex]E_{0} = 8.85\times 10^{-12} m^{-3} kg^{-1} s^{4} A^{2}[/tex]
So the time rate of change of the electric field between the plates is mathematically represented as
[tex]\frac{E}{t} = \frac{q}{t} \times \frac{1}{\pi r^{2} E_{o} }[/tex]
[tex]\frac{q}{t} = I[/tex]
[tex]\frac{E}{t} = \Ifra \times \frac{I}{\pi r^{2} E_{o} }[/tex]
substituting values
[tex]\frac{E}{t} = \Ifra \times \frac{7}{3.142 (0.027)^{2} 8.85\times 10^{-12} }[/tex]
= 1.43x [tex]10^{14}[/tex]N C [tex]s^{1[/tex]
What is charge?"Electric charge is a property of a subatomic particle that causes a force when placed in an electric and magnetic field." There are two types of electrical charges: positive and negative, which are usually carried by the charge-carrying protons and electrons. Examples of charge types are subatomic particles or particles of matter: Protons are positively charged. Electrons are negatively charged. neutrons have zero charge. Electric charge is a scalar quantity. In addition to magnitude and direction, a quantity called a vector should also obey the laws of vector addition, such as the triangular law of vector addition and the line law of vector addition; only then is the quantity said to be a vector quantity.
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how is the energy that powers radio galaxies, quasars, and other active galactic nuclei thought to be produced?
The energy that powers radio galaxies, quasars, and other active galactic nuclei is thought to be produced by accreting matter onto a supermassive black hole. This process is called active galactic nucleus (AGN) fueling.
The gas that surrounds the black hole is heated to millions of degrees as it falls into the black hole. Because the gas is so hot, it emits a great deal of radiation in many different wavelengths.
This radiation can be seen across the electromagnetic spectrum, from low-energy gamma rays to high-energy X-rays. In some cases, jets of charged particles are ejected at nearly the speed of light along magnetic field lines; these jets can create shock waves in the surrounding medium that emit radio waves.
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10. A stone falls freely from the top of a tower 250.0 m above the ground. Calculate its
velocity half-way through the fall. [g=10.0 ms 2]
Answer:
50 m/s
Explanation:
Half of its Potential Energy (mgh) will have been converted to Kinetic Energy ( 1/2 mv^2)
1/2 mgh = 1/2 mv^2
gh = v^2
10(250) = v ^2 v = 50 m/s
The velocity of the stone halfway through the fall will be approximately 50.0 m/s.
To calculate the velocity of the stone halfway through its fall, we can use the kinematic equation for free fall
v² = u² + 2as
Where:
v is the final velocity,
u is the initial velocity,
a is the acceleration due to gravity (g),
and s is the distance fallen.
Given that the stone falls freely, the initial velocity u is 0 since it starts from rest.
The distance fallen halfway through the fall can be calculated by dividing the total distance fallen by 2.
s = 250.0 m / 2 = 125.0 m
Plugging these values into equation, now we solve for v:
v² = 0² + 2 × 10.0 m/s² × 125.0 m
v² = 0 + 2500 m²/s²
Taking the square root of both sides to find v:
v ≈ √2500 m²/s²
v ≈ 50.0 m/s
Therefore, the velocity of the stone halfway through the fall is approximately 50.0 m/s.
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a long wire, parallel to the ground, carries a current toward the east in a magnetic field that is directed due south. what is the direction of the magnetic force on the wire?
A network of metal wires that allows the simultaneous transport of several bits of data Serial cables, which transport data one bit at a time, have mostly replaced parallel wires.
How do parallel wires work?In this tutorial's direct current circuit, there are two parallel straight wires (in red). These wires can be set up in a parallel circuit or in a series circuit, as they are when this tutorial first begins. In a series circuit configuration, a connecting wire joins parallel wires to form a circuit that directs current along a single path. Because of this, the current moves in one direction down one wire and the opposite direction down another wire.By selecting the radio button, you can convert this to a parallel circuit.In a parallel circuit, when the current reaches the parallel wires, it splits in two, with some current flowing down one wire and the other.The direction of travel for the current down both wires is the same.Observe how the parallel wires function in each of these configurations.
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why do massive stars collapse after they have fused silicon to make nickel, which then decays to make iron in their cores?
The sudden cessation of energy generation causes the core to collapse and the star's outer layers to collapse onto the core.
What is core collapse?
Core-collapse supernovae are spectacular explosions that occur at the end of a big star's thermonuclear evolution, giving rise to neutron stars and black holes. They are among the most intense occurrences in the universe, play an important role in the synthesis and distribution of chemical elements, drive the development of new stars, and are closely tied to an enigmatic subclass of gamma-ray bursts. As a result, astro-physicists are keen to learn which stars burst as supernovae, what physical mechanisms produce the explosion, and what observable effects result from these cataclysmic events.
When the explosion wave generated in the optically obscured stellar centre eventually reaches the surface layers of the star, the visual supernova outburst begins.
The fire ceases because iron does not work as a fuel. The sudden cessation of energy output leads the core to collapse and the star's outer layers to collapse onto the core. The infalling layers compress so quickly that they 'bounce' off the iron core at near-lightspeed.
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A stater glides off a frozen pond onto a patch of ground at a speed of 3.1 m/S. Here she is stowed at a constant rate of 3.00 m/*, How fast is the skater moving when she has slid 0.42 m across the ground?
A stater glides off a frozen pond onto a patch of ground at a speed of 3.1 m/S. Here she is stowed at a constant rate of 3.00 m/s . The skater will move at a speed of v = 1.01 m/s , when she has slid 0.42 m across the ground
The branch of physics that defines motion with respect to space and time, ignoring the cause of that motion, is known as kinematics. Kinematics equations are a set of equations that can derive an unknown aspect of a body’s motion if the other aspects are provided.
using kinematics equation
[tex]v^{2} - u^{2} = 2as[/tex]
[tex]v^{2} = u^{2}[/tex] + 2as
= [tex](3.1)^{2}[/tex] - 2 * 3 * 0.42
v = 1.01 m/s
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Heyyyy...Please i need helppp
anticlockwise = clockwise (Force*distance)
1 * 20 = 2 * x
x = 10
if a block of material has a mass of 16 grams and a volume of 8 cubic centimeters, what is its density?
If a block of material has a mass of 16 grams and a volume of 8 cubic centimeters, then density is 2 grams per cubic centimeter.
Density = mass / volume
Density = 16/8 = 2 grams per cubic centimeter.
The substance's mass per unit of volume is its density (also known as specific mass or volumetric mass density). The Latin letter D can also be used to represent density, however the most common symbol is (the lower case Greek letter rho). According to mathematics, density is determined by dividing mass by volume, where denotes the density, m denotes the mass, and V denotes the volume. Although it is incorrect scientifically - this amount is more precisely known as specific weight – in some circumstances (for example, in the US oil and gas business), density is roughly described as its weight per unit volume.
Density and mass concentration have the same numerical value for a pure substance. Varied materials often have different densities, therefore purity and buoyancy may both be affected by density.
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what is the average rotational latency of a hard drive rotating at 7,200 rpm or 120 revolutions per second?
The average rotational latency of a hard drive rotating at 7,200 rpm or 120 revolutions per second is 4.16 ms.
What is the average rotational latency?Half as long as it takes the disk to complete a full spin, that is how long the rotational delay is. Rotational speed is the rate at which an object revolves or rotates. It is determined by how many rotations an item completes in a given amount of time, unlike linear speed. Rotational speed is calculated as rotations per unit of time, whereas linear speed is calculated as distance per unit of time.Rotational delay is at its worst at 7200 RPM and is typically half that at 8.33 milliseconds (4.17 ms).Rotational lag on average: 4.16 msTypical search time: 8 msMax seek: 10.5 msTo learn more about rotational latency refer to:
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a 10-kg object is on a table, the coefficient of static and kinetic friction between the object and the table is 0.4 and 0.2, respectively. calculate the frictional force applied on the object if a horizontal force of 50n is applied on the object? (free-fall acceleration g
The frictional force applied on the object if a horizontal force of 50N is applied on the object is 19.6 N
N = m g
N = Normal force
m = Mass
g = Acceleration dur to gravity
m = 10 kg
g = 9.8 m / s²
N = 10 * 9.8
N = 98 N
f = μ N
f = Frictional force
μ = Co-efficient of friction
For static friction,
μ = 0.4
f = 0.4 * 98
f = 39.2 N
For kinetic friction,
μ = 0.2
f = 0.2 * 98
f = 19.6 N
Since Applied force of 50 N is greater than the static frictional force of 39.2 N, the frictional force acting on the object is frictional force.
Therefore, the frictional force applied on the object is 19.6 N
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A worker lifts a 10 kilogram block a vertical height of 2 meters. The work he does on the block is:
Answer:
Work = 196 Joules (1 kg*m^2/sec^2 is 1 Joule)
Explanation:
Work, W, is defined as force. F, times displacement, d.
W = Force*displacement
In the worker's case, the force he/she is struggling against is Earth's gravity's acceleration, g, (9.8 m/sec^2) times the mass, m.
Force = mg
Force = (10kg)*(9.8 m/sec^2) = 98 kg*m/sec^2
Use this force in the work calculation.
W = Force*displacement
The displacement is 2 meters.
Work = (98 kg*m/sec^2)*(2 meters) = 196 kg*m^2/sec^2
1 kg*m^2/sec^2 is 1 Joule
Work = 196 Joules
two charges interact with 100 newtons attractive force initially. when their distance is increased by four times, what will be the force between them?
The force between the two charges will be 25k N m.
This can be determined by using Coulomb's Law, which is a formula relating the forces between two charges (q 1 and q 2 ) at a distance r apart. The formula states that their force is equal to kq1q2/r2, where k is a constant (9 × 109 N m2/C2). If we plug in the values of 100 newtons for each charge and 4 meters for their distance, we get:
F = 100k/(4 × 109) = 25k N m
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According to the vespr model, the best arrangement of a given number of electron domains is _______.
According to the VESPR model, the best arrangement of a given number of electron domains is the one that reduces the repulsion among them.
The VESPR model is also known as VSEPR theory or the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory.
This model provides the 3D structure of the arrangement of electron in an atom.
According to this model, the valence shell electron are involved in the chemical bonding process.
The geometric picture of molecule shows that only valence shell electrons take part in bonding in an ion or a molecule.
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