A board of directors is typically made up of both inside and outside directors. A board of directors is a group of individuals responsible for overseeing the strategic direction and decision-making of a company.
It is composed of individuals with diverse backgrounds and expertise who collectively govern the organization. When it comes to the composition of the board, there are typically two types of directors: inside directors and outside directors.
Inside directors are individuals who are also executives or employees of the company. They have an intimate knowledge of the company's operations, strategies, and internal workings. Inside directors often include the CEO, other top executives, and sometimes representatives of major shareholders.
On the other hand, outside directors are independent individuals who are not employed by the company. They bring an external perspective and offer objective judgment in board discussions and decision-making. Outside directors are typically chosen for their expertise, industry knowledge, and experience in areas such as finance, law, or governance.
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A: This is where we want to see you take initiative. You can track and report on the major indicators like GDP growth and CPI inflation, but once you start on this you will realise that some of those are available only quarterly, some with a long lag and you are not really able to tell how the economy is doing now. We are also looking for interesting indicators, high-frequency indicators. Q: For what period should I track them?
an analyst should track both the major indicators and interesting high-frequency indicators to get a better idea of how the economy is doing. High-frequency data should be monitored closely in real-time to identify trends and provide a current snapshot of the economy.
In order to track and report on the economy, an analyst should consider the major indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, inflation rate and employment data. Tracking these indicators provides insight into the health of an economy. While tracking the major indicators, an analyst should also identify interesting indicators. High-frequency indicators can provide valuable insights on the current state of the economy.High-frequency indicators are those which provide data more frequently than quarterly or annual reporting. These can include data like consumer spending, business activity, and retail sales. An analyst should also look at other high-frequency data, including daily reports on trends in the stock market, the number of new job openings, or surveys that gauge consumer confidence. While tracking high-frequency indicators, the data should be monitored closely and analyzed in real-time. This helps to identify trends and provides a more current snapshot of the economy. It's important to note that, while high-frequency indicators may provide valuable insights, they should be considered alongside other economic data, including the major indicators, for a complete picture of the economy's health
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Question 4. Suppose a consumer's preference is described by the following utility function U(C, 1) = 2C + 541/2, where C is the consumption goods I is the leisure. The total available time h is 1, and the market's real wage is w. The production function is given by Y =zK1/2(N0)4/2, where z = 1 and K = 1. For simplicity, let us assume that there is no government, G = 0. The firm distributes a profit it to the consumer. a) Solve the consumer's problem and find the optimal values of C" and I Derive the labor supply N' (function). b) Solve the firm's problem and derive ND. c) Compute the competitive equilibrium wage rate (w*), and derive the employment (N"), and the aggregate output Y. d) Compute the equilibrium profit #t and C. Is the income-expenditure identity satisfied?
Budget constraint = C + Wi = who The LaGrange is given by L = 2C + 541/2 + λ(who - C - Wi)Taking the first-order conditions, we have2 - λ = 0wλ = 0-1 = 0λwh - λC = 0C* = 1/4(541/2w)-1I* = 3/4.
In order to derive the labor supply N' (function), we need to take the total differentiation of the budget constraint. DC/dw + Idi/dew = hew/dew CD + Idi/dew = h2C' + I = w Substituting the optimal values of C* and I*, we have: C' = w/2N' = 1 - I* = 1/4 The utility function is U(C, I) = 2C + 54^(1/2)I^(1/2). The budget constraint is given by C + Wi = who The LaGrange is given by L = 2C + 54^(1/2)I^(1/2) + λ(who - C - Wi).
Taking the first-order conditions, we have2 - λ = 0wλ = 0-1 = 0λwh - λC = 0C* = 1/4(54^(1/2)w)^-1I* = 3/4.In order to derive the labor supply N' (function), we need to take the total differentiation of the budget constraint. DC/dw + IdI/dw = hew/dew CD + IdI/dw = h2C' + I = w Substituting the optimal values of C* and I*, we have :C' = w/2N' = 1 - I* = 1/4.
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suppose the federal government observes an increase in gross investment. examine this event in terms of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model.
When the federal government observes an increase in gross investment, it has implications for both the aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AS) in the economy.
From the perspective of aggregate demand, an increase in gross investment contributes to an increase in overall spending in the economy. Investment is one of the components of aggregate demand, along with consumption, government spending, and net exports. An increase in investment leads to an increase in the AD curve, as it reflects an increase in demand for goods and services.
On the other hand, from the perspective of aggregate supply, an increase in gross investment can have positive effects on the productive capacity of the economy. Investment is often directed towards the acquisition of physical capital, such as machinery, equipment, and infrastructure. This increase in physical capital can enhance productivity, efficiency, and technological advancements, which can lead to an increase in aggregate supply.
Overall, an increase in gross investment has the potential to stimulate economic growth, increase demand for goods and services, and enhance the productive capacity of the economy. It can contribute to a positive cycle of increased investment, higher output, and potentially higher employment levels, leading to an expansionary effect on the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model.
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Using Integrated Marketing Communication theories and
frameworks, and also using additional secondary research to support
your response:
Provide recommendations for companies to overcome/take advantag
The Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) theory refers to the coordinated use of various promotional tools and communication channels to promote a brand, product, or service.
The following are some of the recommendations for companies to overcome/take advantage of IMC theories and frameworks:
1. Understand your target market:
Companies must have a thorough understanding of their target market and their preferences. This information will aid in the development of effective promotional strategies.
2. Develop a consistent message:
A consistent message must be conveyed to all stakeholders, including customers, employees, and suppliers. This message should clearly convey the company's value proposition and competitive advantage.
3. Utilize multiple channels:
Companies should leverage a variety of communication channels to reach their target audience, such as social media, email, print advertising, and broadcast advertising.
4. Measure and analyze results:
Companies must continually assess their promotional efforts to determine their effectiveness. They should track metrics such as click-through rates, conversion rates, and customer engagement.
5. Hire a marketing professional:
Finally, companies should consider hiring a marketing professional or consultant to assist them in developing and implementing effective IMC strategies.
To achieve a successful IMC strategy, companies should understand their target market, develop a consistent message, use multiple channels, measure and analyze results, and hire marketing professionals. Companies should develop a thorough understanding of their target market's preferences and interests. Companies must define their target market's profile, including their demographics, psychographics, needs, and behavior. The target audience's characteristics should guide the company's communication strategy, message, and tone.
A consistent message should be conveyed to all stakeholders, including customers, employees, and suppliers. The message should clearly convey the company's value proposition and competitive advantage. All stakeholders should be aware of the company's values, mission, and objectives to foster a sense of trust and engagement.Companies should leverage multiple communication channels to reach their target audience. Communication channels can include social media, email, print advertising, and broadcast advertising. The communication channels should be selected based on the target audience's preferences and behavior.
Metrics such as click-through rates, conversion rates, and customer engagement should be tracked to evaluate the effectiveness of the promotional efforts. The metrics can aid in identifying areas of improvement, measuring the return on investment (ROI), and allocating marketing budgets.Hiring a marketing professional or consultant can aid in developing and implementing effective IMC strategies. Marketing professionals have the expertise and knowledge required to develop marketing plans that meet the company's goals and budget.
Hence, Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) theory is essential for companies to achieve their marketing goals effectively. Companies must develop a thorough understanding of their target audience, develop a consistent message, use multiple communication channels, measure and analyze results, and hire marketing professionals. By following these recommendations, companies can create effective IMC strategies that increase brand awareness, customer engagement, and sales.
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CSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility in this context
How does CSR relate to law in business?
Name a company you feel practices CSR in its business. Tell us why you picked this company.
Do you feel CSR is a passing trend or here to stay? Provide details that support your viewpoint
CSR, or Corporate Social Responsibility, relates to law in business in the sense that companies are expected to comply with legal regulations and requirements while also taking voluntary actions to contribute positively to society and the environment. While legal requirements establish a baseline for responsible business conduct, CSR goes beyond legal obligations and encompasses initiatives that address social, environmental, and ethical concerns.
One company that practices CSR is Patagonia. Patagonia is a renowned outdoor clothing and gear company known for its commitment to environmental sustainability and social responsibility. They have implemented various CSR initiatives, such as using recycled materials in their products, supporting fair trade practices, and donating a portion of their sales to environmental causes. Patagonia's mission statement explicitly reflects their dedication to CSR, stating, "Build the best product, cause no unnecessary harm, use business to inspire and implement solutions to the environmental crisis."
CSR is not merely a passing trend but is increasingly becoming an integral part of business practices. There are several reasons why CSR is here to stay:
Stakeholder Expectations: Consumers, employees, investors, and other stakeholders are increasingly demanding greater transparency, accountability, and ethical behavior from companies. CSR helps businesses meet these expectations and build trust with their stakeholders.
Reputation and Brand Value: Companies that prioritize CSR often enjoy enhanced reputation and brand value. Being socially responsible can differentiate a company from its competitors, attract customers, and strengthen customer loyalty.
Risk Mitigation: CSR practices can help businesses mitigate risks associated with environmental, social, and governance issues. By proactively addressing these concerns, companies can minimize potential legal, financial, and reputational risks.
Long-Term Sustainability: CSR promotes long-term sustainability by considering the impact of business activities on the environment, society, and future generations. It aligns business goals with broader social and environmental objectives, fostering a more sustainable and resilient business model.
Regulatory Environment: Governments and regulatory bodies are increasingly emphasizing CSR through legislation, regulations, and reporting requirements. This indicates a growing recognition of the importance of responsible business practices.
Overall, CSR is not just a passing trend but a fundamental shift in the way businesses operate. It is driven by changing societal expectations, the need for sustainable business models, and the recognition that responsible practices can contribute to long-term success.
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An open-end mutual fund has the following stocks:
Stock Shares Stock Price
A 9,000 $ 92
B 33,000 21
C 6,000 79
D 74,000 14
The fund has 53,000 shares and liabilities of $146,000. Assume the fund is sold with a front-end load of 3.5 percent. What is the offering price of the fund? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Offering price $
The offering price of the fund is $2,985,975.. To calculate the offering price of the mutual fund, we need to determine the total value of the fund's assets, including stocks and cash, and then add the front-end load.
First, calculate the value of each stock by multiplying the number of shares by the stock price:
Stock A value = 9,000 * $92 = $828,000
Stock B value = 33,000 * $21 = $693,000
Stock C value = 6,000 * $79 = $474,000
Stock D value = 74,000 * $14 = $1,036,000
Next, sum up the values of all stocks:
Total value of stocks = $828,000 + $693,000 + $474,000 + $1,036,000 = $3,031,000
Now, calculate the net asset value (NAV) of the fund, which is the total value of assets minus liabilities:
To calculate the offering price of the mutual fund, we need to determine the total value of the fund's assets, including stocks and cash, and then add the front-end load.
First, calculate the value of each stock by multiplying the number of shares by the stock price:
Stock A value = 9,000 * $92 = $828,000
Stock B value = 33,000 * $21 = $693,000
Stock C value = 6,000 * $79 = $474,000
Stock D value = 74,000 * $14 = $1,036,000
Next, sum up the values of all stocks:
Total value of stocks = $828,000 + $693,000 + $474,000 + $1,036,000 = $3,031,000
Now, calculate the net asset value (NAV) of the fund, which is the total value of assets minus liabilities:
NAV = Total value of stocks - Liabilities = $3,031,000 - $146,000 = $2,885,000
To determine the offering price, we need to add the front-end load, which is 3.5% of the NAV:
Front-end load = 3.5% * $2,885,000 = $100,975
Offering price = NAV + Front-end load = $2,885,000 + $100,975 = $2,985,975
Therefore, the offering price of the fund is $2,985,975.= Total value of stocks - Liabilities = $3,031,000 - $146,000 = $2,885,000
To determine the offering price, we need to add the front-end load, which is 3.5% of the NAV:
Front-end load = 3.5% * $2,885,000 = $100,975
Offering price = NAV + Front-end load = $2,885,000 + $100,975 = $2,985,975
Therefore, the offering price of the fund is $2,985,975.
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What are the primary characteristics of oligopoly. Also, there is one characteristic that is unique to oligopoly...what is that?
Oligopoly is a market structure where a few large firms dominate the market. The primary characteristics of oligopoly are as follows:Interdependence: The actions of one firm in the market affect the other firms.
The firms must consider the reactions of other firms in the market when making decisions about pricing and output.Barriers to entry: Oligopolies have barriers to entry that make it difficult for new firms to enter the market.
This allows the existing firms to maintain their dominant position.Non-price competition: Firms in oligopolies often engage in non-price competition, such as advertising and product differentiation, rather than price competition.
This is because price competition can lead to a price war, which would hurt all the firms in the market. Mutual interdependence is the characteristic that is unique to oligopoly.
Mutual interdependence is a situation where the firms in an oligopoly are dependent on each other.
The actions of one firm will affect the profits of other firms in the market. This is because oligopolies have a few large firms that dominate the market, and any decision made by one firm will have a significant impact on the other firms in the market.
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Sunland Company sold $3,280,000, 10%-year bonds on January 1, 2022. The bonds were dated January 1, 2022, and pay interest on January 1. The company uses straight-line amortization on bond premiums and discounts. Financial statements are prepared annually.
Prepare the journal entries to record the issuance of the bonds assuming they sold at: (1) 101 and (2) 96. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered
Sunland Company issued $3,280,000, 10%-year bonds on January 1, 2022, and we need to prepare journal entries to record the issuance of the bonds assuming they were sold at two different prices: (1) 101 and (2) 96.
The journal entries will involve recording the cash received from the bond issuance and recognizing any bond premium or discount.
Issuance at 101:
When the bonds are issued at 101, it means they were sold at a premium. The journal entries will be as follows:
a) To record the issuance of bonds:
Cash $3,313,280 ([$3,280,000 x 101%])
Bonds Payable $3,280,000
Premium on Bonds Payable $33,280 ([$3,313,280 - $3,280,000])
Issuance at 96:
When the bonds are issued at 96, it means they were sold at a discount. The journal entries will be as follows:
a) To record the issuance of bonds:
Cash $3,132,800 ([$3,280,000 x 96%])
Discount on Bonds Payable $147,200 ([$3,280,000 - $3,132,800])
Bonds Payable $3,280,000
In both cases, the cash received from the bond issuance is recorded, and any bond premium or discount is recognized by adjusting the Bonds Payable account and creating separate accounts for Premium on Bonds Payable or Discount on Bonds Payable. These adjustments are made to align the bond liability with the market value of the bonds.
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Liability comparisons Nerissa Smith has invested $47,000 in Northeast Productions Company. The firm has recently declared bankruptcy and has $108,000 in
unpaid debts. Explain the nature of Nerissa's personal liabilit if any, in each of the following situations.
a. Northeast Productions Company is a sole proprietorship owned by Ms. Smith
Northeast Productions Company is a 50-50 general partnership of Nerissa Smith and Roger Brown.
C.
Northeast Productions Company is a limited partnership where Nerissa Smith is a limited partner.
d. Northeast Productions Company is a corporation.
a. If Northeast Productions Company is a sole proprietorship owned by Nerissa Smith, she would have unlimited personal liability for the company's debts.
In this situation, there is no legal separation between Nerissa and her business, meaning her personal assets, such as savings, investments, and property, could be used to satisfy the company's unpaid debts. Nerissa would be personally responsible for the full $108,000 of unpaid debts.
b. If Northeast Productions Company is a 50-50 general partnership between Nerissa Smith and Roger Brown, both partners would have joint and several liability. This means that each partner is individually responsible for the company's debts, regardless of their ownership percentage. Both Nerissa and Roger would be personally liable for the full $108,000 of unpaid debts, and creditors could pursue their personal assets to settle the debts.
c. If Northeast Productions Company is a limited partnership, with Nerissa Smith being a limited partner, her personal liability would be limited to the amount she has invested in the partnership, which is $47,000 in this case. Limited partners have limited liability and are not personally responsible for the partnership's debts beyond their investment. Creditors would generally only be able to seek recovery from the partnership's assets, and Nerissa's personal assets would not be at risk.
d. If Northeast Productions Company is a corporation, Nerissa Smith's personal liability would be limited to the amount of her investment in the corporation. Shareholders of a corporation are typically not personally liable for the company's debts. In this case, Nerissa's investment of $47,000 would be at risk, but her personal assets would generally be protected from being used to satisfy the company's debts beyond her investment amount.
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who
are their Target Market for Virtual Bookkeeping Business?
The target market for a virtual bookkeeping business can vary depending on the specific services offered and the business's specialization. However, generally, the primary target market for virtual bookkeeping services includes small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs), startups, and entrepreneurs.
Small and medium-sized businesses often have limited resources and may not have the capacity to hire a full-time, in-house bookkeeper. They require cost-effective solutions for managing their financial records and transactions. Virtual bookkeeping services provide them with the flexibility to outsource their bookkeeping needs to professionals who can handle tasks remotely.
Startups and entrepreneurs can also benefit from virtual bookkeeping services as they typically have a strong focus on growth and need to allocate their time and resources efficiently. By outsourcing bookkeeping tasks, they can free up time to concentrate on core business activities while ensuring their financial records are accurate and up-to-date.
Furthermore, virtual bookkeeping services can be tailored to specific industries or niches, such as e-commerce businesses, professional service providers, or freelancers. This allows the business to provide specialized expertise and industry-specific knowledge to clients within those sectors, further expanding their target market.
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entrepreneurs requiring initial startup funding, generally seek capital from internal sources.
Entrepreneurs requiring initial startup funding, generally seek capital from both internal and external sources. While internal sources are generally preferred, there are cases when external sources of capital are necessary for the business to succeed. Entrepreneurs requiring initial startup funding, particularly during the early stages financing, generally seek capital from both internal and external sources
Explanation:Internal sources of capital refer to the entrepreneur's own personal savings, investments, or other assets. These sources are preferred because they do not come with strings attached, such as interest payments or equity shares in the company. Additionally, internal sources of capital are often easier to obtain than external sources, as there is no need to convince third-party investors or lenders of the business's potential for success.However, there are cases when external sources of capital are necessary for the business to succeed. For example, if the entrepreneur does not have sufficient personal savings or assets to fund the business, they may need to seek external funding from investors or lenders.
Additionally, external sources of funding may be necessary if the entrepreneur requires more capital than they can obtain from internal sources alone.In conclusion, while internal sources of capital are generally preferred by entrepreneurs, there are cases when external sources of funding are necessary for the business to succeed. A long answer in 100 words would provide additional detail on the specific internal and external sources of funding available to entrepreneurs, as well as the pros and cons of each option.
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Assignment 3 Select a small or mid-size business with which you are familiar with. Imagine you have been called to the business to provide a consultation on training. What components you are going to keep in mind. Would you like to go for on the job or off-the job training? The assignment should be double spaced typed in Arial 11 font. Please submit the word file
As per the question, the following are the components to be kept in mind while providing consultation on training to a small or mid-size business: Identify the training needs: The first step would be to identify the training needs of the business and its employees.
Determine which skills are needed to improve their performance and help achieve their goals. Training objectives: Once the training needs have been identified, the next step would be to determine the training objectives. These should be specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound.
Training methods: After setting the training objectives, select the appropriate training methods. On-the-job training and off-the-job training are the two methods of training. Which method is to be used depends on the training needs of the employees.
On-the-job training: On-the-job training is a type of training in which employees learn by doing the tasks related to their job. This type of training is cost-effective and provides hands-on experience. Off-the-job training: Off-the-job training is a type of training in which employees are trained outside the workplace. This type of training can include classroom training, workshops, seminars, and conferences.
Off-the-job training is the best method when there are multiple employees to train or when the training requires specialized knowledge. On-the-job training is the best method when employees need to learn specific tasks related to their job. The assignment should be double-spaced, typed in Arial 11 font, and submitted as a Word file.
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Dubon Crespo City has the following financial information. Using this information calculate the property tax rate as a millage rate. In addition, calculate the amount of tax that would be paid by a homeowner whose property has an assessed value of $250,000. Show your work. Total assessed valuation 245,000,000 1,369,000 Exempt property valuation Uncollectible percentage 4.0% Revenues budgeted 1,200,000
A homeowner with a property assessed value of $250,000 would pay approximately $1,277.25 in property taxes in Dubon Crespo City.
To calculate the property tax rate as a millage rate, we first need to determine the taxable assessed valuation. This is calculated by subtracting the exempt property valuation and the uncollectible percentage from the total assessed valuation. In this case, the total assessed valuation is $245,000,000, the exempt property valuation is $1,369,000, and the uncollectible percentage is 4.0%.
Taxable Assessed Valuation = Total Assessed Valuation - Exempt Property Valuation - (Uncollectible Percentage * Total Assessed Valuation)
Taxable Assessed Valuation = $245,000,000 - $1,369,000 - (0.04 * $245,000,000)
Taxable Assessed Valuation = $245,000,000 - $1,369,000 - $9,800,000
Taxable Assessed Valuation = $234,831,000
Next, we divide the budgeted revenues by the taxable assessed valuation to obtain the millage rate:
Millage Rate = Budgeted Revenues / Taxable Assessed Valuation
Millage Rate = $1,200,000 / $234,831,000
Millage Rate ≈ 0.005109
The millage rate is typically expressed in terms of mills, where 1 mill is equal to 0.001 or 0.1%. Therefore, we can convert the millage rate to the number of mills by multiplying it by 1,000:
Millage Rate (in mills) ≈ 0.005109 * 1,000
Millage Rate (in mills) ≈ 5.109 mills
Finally, we can calculate the amount of tax that would be paid by a homeowner with a property assessed value of $250,000 by multiplying the assessed value by the millage rate:
Property Tax = Assessed Value * Millage Rate (in mills)
Property Tax = $250,000 * 5.109 mills
Property Tax ≈ $1,277.25
Therefore, a homeowner with a property assessed value of $250,000 would pay approximately $1,277.25 in property taxes in Dubon Crespo City.
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Speed, Inc., is a shipping company. On 1/1/20, the company purchases a new commercial sleeper truck for $700,000 cash. The expected residual value of the truck is $40,000 and the expected useful life is 5 years. The company estimates that the truck will be used to drive 1,000,000miles over its useful life (210,000 miles in 2020; 180,000 miles in 2021 & all subsquent years).
The purchase of the new commercial sleeper truck by Speed, Inc., has a cost of $700,000. The expected residual value of the truck at the end of its useful life is $40,000. The useful life of the truck is estimated to be 5 years, during which it is expected to be driven for a total of 1,000,000 miles. In 2020, the truck is estimated to be driven for 210,000 miles, followed by 180,000 miles in 2021 and subsequent years.
To determine the annual depreciation expense for the truck, we need to calculate the depreciation per mile driven.
Depreciation per mile = (Purchase cost - Residual value) / Total expected miles driven
Depreciation per mile = ($700,000 - $40,000) / 1,000,000 miles
Depreciation per mile = $0.66 per mile
Now, we can calculate the depreciation expense for each year based on the estimated miles driven.
In 2020: Depreciation expense = Depreciation per mile * Miles driven
Depreciation expense = $0.66/mile * 210,000 miles = $138,600
In 2021: Depreciation expense = Depreciation per mile * Miles driven
Depreciation expense = $0.66/mile * 180,000 miles = $118,800
For subsequent years, where the truck is expected to be driven for 180,000 miles annually, the depreciation expense would remain the same at $118,800 per year.
This method assumes that the truck's usage is directly proportional to its depreciation, and the straight-line depreciation method is used for simplicity.
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Write your answer not more then 500 words.
Ask a full-time employee within any organization about their perceptions of ISO 9000: 2000.
ISO 9000:2000 is a widely recognized international standard for quality management systems. It provides a framework for organizations to establish and maintain processes that ensure consistent quality in their products and services. When asking a full-time employee within an organization about their perceptions of ISO 9000:2000, their response may vary based on their role, level of involvement, and their organization's implementation of the standard. Here are some possible perspectives:
Increased Organizational Efficiency: Some employees may perceive ISO 9000:2000 as a positive framework that promotes efficiency and streamlines processes. They may appreciate the standardized procedures and documentation requirements that help improve workflow and reduce errors. It provides a clear roadmap for performing tasks and ensures that everyone follows consistent practices.
Quality Focus: Employees who value quality may see ISO 9000:2000 as a valuable tool for maintaining and enhancing product/service quality. They may appreciate the emphasis on customer satisfaction, continuous improvement, and the structured approach to identifying and addressing quality issues. ISO 9000:2000 helps organizations establish quality objectives, monitor performance, and take corrective actions to ensure consistent quality outcomes.
Compliance and External Recognition: Some employees may view ISO 9000:2000 as a necessary requirement for compliance with industry standards and regulations. They recognize that certification to the standard demonstrates their organization's commitment to quality and may enhance its reputation and credibility in the market. It can also be seen as a competitive advantage when dealing with customers who prioritize working with certified suppliers.
Documentation Burden: On the other hand, some employees may perceive ISO 9000:2000 as a bureaucratic and documentation-heavy process. They may find the extensive documentation requirements time-consuming and tedious. These employees may feel that too much emphasis is placed on paperwork rather than actual work execution.
Cultural Change and Employee Engagement: ISO 9000:2000 implementation can bring about a cultural change within an organization. Some employees may appreciate the increased focus on accountability, communication, and employee involvement in decision-making processes. ISO 9000:2000 encourages organizations to establish a quality management system that engages employees at all levels and promotes a culture of continuous improvement.
Overall, employees' perceptions of ISO 9000:2000 may vary based on their experiences, organizational culture, and the level of support and resources allocated to implementing and maintaining the standard. While some may view it positively for its ability to enhance quality and efficiency, others may see it as an administrative burden. It is important to note that individual perceptions may differ within an organization, and it is crucial to gather feedback from a diverse range of employees to gain a comprehensive understanding of their perspectives on ISO 9000:2000.
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FarCry Industries, a maker of telecommunications equipment, has 3 million shares of common stock outstanding, 1 million shares of preferred stock outstanding, and 10,000 bonds. Suppose the common shares are selling for $27 per share, the preferred shares are selling for $14.50 per share, and the bonds are selling for 98 percent of par. What would be the weight used for equity in the computation of FarCry’s WACC
In the computation of FarCry’s WACC, the weight used for equity is 75%.WACC or weighted average cost of capital is an essential financial metric that businesses use to assess their cost of capital.
It reflects the average rate of return a company expects to pay to all its security holders to finance its assets. The cost of capital has two components, i.e., debt and equity.
To calculate WACC, we need to know the total value of FarCry Industries and the proportion of that value that is made up of debt and equity.
The formula for WACC is
WACC = (E/V * Re) + [(D/V * Rd)*(1 - Tc)]Where,
Re = Cost of equity
Rd = Cost of debt
E = Market value of equity
D = Market value of debt
V = Total value of the company
Tc = Corporate tax rate
Based on the information given in the question, FarCry Industries has:
Common shares = 3 million
Preferred shares = 1 million
Bonds = 10,000
Let’s calculate the weight of equity first.
Market value of common shares = 3 million × $27 = $81,000,000
Market value of preferred shares = 1 million × $14.50 = $14,500,000
Total market value of equity = $81,000,000 + $14,500,000 = $95,500,000
Weight of equity = (Market value of equity / Total value of the company) × 100%Weight of equity = ($95,500,000 / ($95,500,000 + Market value of debt)) × 100%
As we know, the market value of bonds is not given directly in the question. But we know the bonds are selling for 98% of their par value.
Par value of bonds = 10,000Market value of bonds = 10,000 × 98% = $9,800,000
Total value of the company = Market value of equity + Market value of debtTotal value of the company = $95,500,000 + $9,800,000 = $105,300,000
Weight of equity = ($95,500,000 / $105,300,000) × 100%
Weight of equity = 90.59% ≈ 91%
Therefore, the weight used for equity in the computation of FarCry’s WACC is 91%. However, we have to consider that 75% of equity (91%) and 25% of debt (9%) should be used to compute FarCry's WACC.WACC = (E/V * Re) + [(D/V * Rd)*(1 - Tc)]
Where,E/V = 0.91D/V = 0.09
Re = Cost of equity
D = Market value of debt
V = Total value of the company
Rd = Cost of debt
Tc = Corporate tax rate = Not given
Assuming that the corporate tax rate is not given, let’s exclude the second component from the equation.
WACC = (E/V * Re)WACC = (0.91 * Cost of equity)
Given that the weight used for equity in the computation of FarCry’s WACC is 75%,Cost of equity = 75% of 11.5% (11.5% is the average of 12% and 11%)
Cost of equity = 0.75 × 11.5%
Cost of equity = 8.63%
Therefore, the weight used for equity in the computation of FarCry’s WACC is 75%.
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Which of the following is considered a business stakeholder?
a.All of these choices are correct.
b.A federal government
c.An employee
d.A bank
The answer to the question is option a. All of these choices are correct. What is a stakeholder in a business?
What is a stakeholder in a business?
A business stakeholder refers to an individual, group, or organization that has an interest or concern in the operations or success of a company. A business stakeholder can be an internal or external stakeholder. The following is considered a business stakeholder: Shareholders, or owners of the company, have a vested interest in the financial success of the business. They may benefit from the company's profits in the form of dividends or by selling their shares at a higher price than they bought them for. Employees who work for the company, and whose livelihoods depend on its continued operation and success. Banks, as they may have provided loans or financing to the company and therefore have a vested interest in its financial success.The federal government may be a stakeholder in a business in cases where the company operates in an industry that is heavily regulated or has a significant impact on the economy or society. For example, the government may be a stakeholder in a company that operates in the healthcare industry or provides essential services such as utilities. All of these choices are correct.
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What Motion Would Be Used To Try To Eliminate An Expert Witness? A. Motion Of Limine. B. Motion Of Challenge. C. A Frye Motion. D. A Daubert Motion. E. All Of The Above.
What motion would be used to try to eliminate an expert witness?
A. Motion of limine.
B. Motion of challenge.
C. A Frye motion.
D. A Daubert motion.
E. All of the above.
The correct option that would be used to try to eliminate an expert witness is "D. A Daubert Motion." Daubert Motion is the motion that is filed by a party seeking to exclude or limit the testimony of an expert witness.
It is based on the Supreme Court decision in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, which created a new standard for admitting expert testimony in federal courts. The Daubert standard requires that expert testimony must be based on sound scientific methods and principles and that the expert must be qualified to provide such testimony. This standard replaced the Frye standard, which focused on whether the scientific technique used by the expert had gained general acceptance in the relevant scientific community. A motion of limine is a motion filed by one of the parties in a lawsuit, asking the court to make a preliminary ruling on the admissibility of certain evidence at trial. The purpose of a motion of limine is to prevent the introduction of evidence that is irrelevant, prejudicial, or otherwise inadmissible under the rules of evidence.
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A principal can choose to make the allocation of tasks broad (B) or narrrow (N). At the same time an agent can choose to work put in high effort (H) or low effort (L). The payoffs are 20 to the principal and 30 to the agent is the actions chosen are B and L. For all other combinations of actions the payoffs are 0 to both players. Which of the following statements are true? A Nash equilibrium of the game is (B, H) A Nash equilibrium is (N, L) There is no Nash equilibrium in pure strategies in this game. O A Nash equilibrium is (N, H) O A Nash equilibrium is (B, L)
(B, L) can be a Nash equilibrium.However, the only Nash equilibrium in this game is (B, H).Thus, the statement A Nash equilibrium of the game is (B, H) is true.
The following statement is true from the given scenario that A Nash equilibrium of the game is (B, H). Nash equilibrium is a condition where every player has adopted the best possible strategy, given the strategies chosen by the other players. The payoffs in the game are as follows:- When both principal and agent take broad allocation of tasks and the agent puts in low effort, they receive payoffs of 20 and 30, respectively.- For all other combinations of actions, the payoffs are 0 to both players.A Nash equilibrium is defined as a state of a game in which each player is doing their best possible strategy, provided the strategies of the other players. In other words, a Nash equilibrium is where no player can benefit by changing their strategy unilaterally. Let's check the given statements:- A Nash equilibrium of the game is (B, H):If the principal takes broad allocation of tasks and the agent puts in high effort, both players receive zero payoffs. If the principal takes narrow allocation of tasks and the agent puts in high effort, then again, both players receive zero payoffs.
However, if the principal takes broad allocation of tasks and the agent puts in low effort, they receive payoffs of 20 and 30, respectively. So, there is no incentive for either player to change their strategy. Thus, (B, H) is a Nash equilibrium.- A Nash equilibrium is (N, L):If the principal takes narrow allocation of tasks and the agent puts in low effort, both players receive zero payoffs. For all other combinations of actions, the payoffs are 0 to both players. Therefore, (N, L) cannot be a Nash equilibrium.- There is no Nash equilibrium in pure strategies in this game:As we have already shown, (B, H) is a Nash equilibrium.
Therefore, this statement is false.- A Nash equilibrium is (N, H):If the principal takes narrow allocation of tasks and the agent puts in high effort, both players receive zero payoffs. For all other combinations of actions, the payoffs are 0 to both players. Hence, (N, H) cannot be a Nash equilibrium.- A Nash equilibrium is (B, L):If the principal takes broad allocation of tasks and the agent puts in low effort, they receive payoffs of 20 and 30, respectively. For all other combinations of actions, the payoffs are 0 to both players.
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Suppose equilibrium income in an economy decreases by $600 as a result of a change in government spending. If the multiplier is 3, what is the change in government spending? Government spending will decrease by $1,800. Government spending will decrease by $600. Government spending will decrease by $200. Government spending will increase by $400. Government spending will increase by $1,200.
the equation as:
3 = 1 / (1 - mpc)
to solve for mpc, we can rearrange the equation:
1 - mpc = 1 / 3
subtracting 1/3 from both sides, we get:
mpc = 2/3
the marginal propensity to consume (mpc) is 2/3, which means that for every additional dollar of income, 2/3 will be spent.
to determine the change in government spending, we can use the formula for the expenditure multiplier, which is given by:
multiplier = 1 / (1 - mpc)
where mpc is the marginal propensity to consume.
in this case, we are given that the multiplier is 3. now, we know that the equilibrium income has decreased by $600. since the multiplier is 3, we can calculate the change in government spending as follows:
change in government spending = (change in income) * mpc
change in government spending = (-$600) * (2/3)
change in government spending = -$400
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The appropriate role for monetary policy: the rules versus discretion debate Monetarists argue that using active discretionary monetary policy is dangerous because it is subject to: Select one: O a. policy effectiveness lags. O b. all of the above. O C. none of the above. O d. information lags. O e. policy determination lags. 21 28 33 44 Finish
Monetarists argue that using active discretionary monetary policy is dangerous because it is subject to policy effectiveness lags. Therefore, the appropriate role for monetary policy is rules versus discretion debate. What is monetary policy?
Monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank or other regulatory authority to control the money supply and achieve macroeconomic goals such as price stability, full employment, and economic growth. Rules versus Discretion Debate In the economics of monetary policy, the rules versus discretion debate refers to the debate between using fixed rules in monetary policy or giving central bankers the authority to make discretionary choices.
Inflation Targeting Inflation targeting is a rules-based monetary policy that emphasizes the importance of price stability and transparency in the policymaking process. The Role of Monetary Policy Monetary policy can be used to achieve a variety of macroeconomic goals, including: Price Stability Full Employment Economic Growth Interest Rate Stability Exchange Rate Stability The Risks of Discretionary Monetary Policy Monetarists argue that using active discretionary monetary policy is dangerous because it is subject to policy effectiveness lags.
In other words, the effects of policy decisions may not be felt immediately, making it difficult to know whether a policy decision was effective or not.
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show AttengLFINALE Current Attempt in Progress Your answer is partially correct. Cullumber Company purchased a new machine on October 1, 2022, at a cost of $66.000. The company estimated that the machine has a salvage value of $7.140. The machine is expected to be used for 72.000 working hours during its 6-year life. Compute the depreciation expense under the straight-line method for 2022 and 2023, assuming a December 31 year-end. (Round answers to 2 decimal places, eg. 5,275.25) The depreciation expense under the straight-line method eTextbook and Media Save for Later H ww a $ a 2022 D C 2453 7 $ 2023 9810 Attempts: 1 of 3 used Submit Answer ENG 8:43 PM 6/27/2022
The correct option is: Depreciation expense for 2022: $2,460Depreciation expense for 2023: $29,520
Annual Depreciation Expense = (Cost - Salvage Value) / Useful life in hours
Depreciation expense for 2022:
Useful life in hours = 6 years × 12 months × 2,000 hours per month = 144,000 hoursDepreciation Expense = ($66,000 - $7,140) / 144,000 hours = $0.41 per hour
Depreciation expense for 2022 (Oct 1 to Dec 31) = 3 months × 2,000 hours per month × $0.41 per hour= $2,460
The depreciation expense for the year ending 2022 is $2,460
Depreciation expense for 2023:
Depreciation expense for the first year (2022) = $2,460
Useful life remaining after 2022 = 144,000 hours - 72,000 hours = 72,000 hours
Depreciation Expense = ($66,000 - $7,140) / 144,000 hours = $0.41 per hourDepreciation expense for 2023 = 72,000 hours × $0.41 per hour= $29,520
The depreciation expense for the year ending 2023 is $29,520.
Therefore, the correct option is: Depreciation expense for 2022: $2,460Depreciation expense for 2023: $29,520
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What is the name of the Human Resources Planning activity that requires Human Resource Professionals to project how many staff they may need in the future? O Human Resources Planning O Human Resources Demand Human Resources Supply O Hiring Analysis
The activity of Human Resources Planning that necessitates Human Resource Professionals to project how many staff they may need in the future is called Human Resources Demand.
Human Resource Planning (HRP) is the process of forecasting an organization's human resource needs and devising strategies to meet them. It requires the coordination of several personnel functions, including recruitment, selection, development, and performance assessment, as well as compliance with legal and social norms.
In essence, it entails forecasting future human resource demands and devising approaches to satisfy those demands. Human Resources Demand is the name of the Human Resources Planning activity that necessitates Human Resource Professionals to project how many staff they may require in the future.
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e. Self-Test: Below are three statements. Identify whether each is a positive (theoretical) or normative (policy) statement. i. The unemployment rate is too high and should be reduced through government actions. ii. The government should take action to break up the monopoly power of Microsoft. iii. The Federal government achieved a budget surplus for the first time in thirty years.
In the self-test provided, the following are the identifications of each of the statements given:
Statement i - normative (policy) statement.
Statement ii - normative (policy) statement.
Statement iii - positive (theoretical) statement.
The first statement is a normative statement because it reflects an opinion and recommendation about how things ought to be. The statement proposes that the unemployment rate is too high and should be reduced through government actions. This is a policy statement because it reflects a political or value judgement.
The second statement is also a normative statement. It reflects an opinion that Microsoft should be broken up due to monopoly power. This is a policy statement because it involves a call for some kind of action to be taken.
The third statement is a positive statement. It describes a fact, which is the federal government achieving a budget surplus for the first time in thirty years. Positive statements deal with verifiable facts.
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Suppose that the one-year forward dollar price of a euro is $1.31. Further, assume that the spot exchange rate is $1.3 per euro, and that the interest rate on euro deposits is 10 percent. What is the interest rate on dollar deposits that would make interest parity hold? Round to two decimal places. Enter a number like 2% as "2.00" and not "0.02." Note: you may end with a number that doesn't seem "realistic" and that's OK for the purposes of this question.
To maintain interest rate parity, the expected return on euro deposits must be greater than the expected return on dollar deposits by the amount that the euro is expected to appreciate over the next year. Here is the breakdown of the given information and the calculation:
Given:
Forward price of Euro (per $): $1.31
Spot price of Euro (per $): $1.3
Interest rate on euro deposits: 10%
Interest rate on dollar deposits: ?
Forward premium: (1.31 - 1.3) / 1.3 = 0.0154 or 1.54%
To calculate the interest rate on dollar deposits that would make interest parity hold:
Expected return on euro deposits = Interest rate on euro deposits = 10%
Expected return on dollar deposits = Interest rate on dollar deposits - Forward premium
To maintain interest parity, these two expected returns should be equal. Therefore:
10% = Interest rate on dollar deposits - 1.54%
Solving for the interest rate on dollar deposits:
Interest rate on dollar deposits = 10% + 1.54% = 11.54%
Therefore, the interest rate on dollar deposits that would make interest parity hold is 11.54%.
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Save Answer Parts arrive at a two-machine system according to an exponential interarrival distribution with mean 20 minutes, the first arrival is at time 0. Upon arrival, the parts are sent to Machine 1 and processed. The processing-time distribution is TRIA(4.5, 9.3, 11) minutes. The parts are then processed at Machine 2 with a processing-time distribution as TRIA (16.4, 19.1, 20.8) minutes. The parts from Machine 2 are directed back to Machine 1 to be processed a second time (same processing-time distribution as the first visit but an independent draw from it) The completed parts then exit the system a What are the inputs, processes and outputs involved? b. What is the total time a part will take to exit the system? c. How many parts will be completed in an hour? d. To improve the process what smart plant properties can be applied? For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). BIUS Paragraph Arial 10pt *** !!! >
Simulation is an important tool for systems analysis and design. Simulation is a powerful tool that can be used to observe the behavior of a system under different conditions.
The given question requires simulation of the two-machine system, and then, the observations of the average part cycle time and the average number in the machine queues over a single replication of 20,000 minutes are to be made. The details of the system are: Upon arrival, the parts are processed at Machine 1 for a time period as TRIA(4.5,9.3,11) minutes, and then, at Machine 2 for a time period as TRIA(16.4,19.1,20.8) minutes. The completed parts are then sent back to Machine 1 to be processed again and then exit the system. According to the given details, the simulation can be conducted by the following steps:
Step 1: The simulation of arrival time for 20,000 minutes, and then, recording the time periods that the parts are in the system.
Step 2: The simulation of processing time for both Machine 1 and Machine 2.
Step 3: Calculating the average part cycle time and the average number of parts in the machine queues. The above steps can be performed by a simulation software such as the Simul8 software.
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This year, Bob's employer provided him with an employer-owned automobile costing $55,000 (including HST) for 12 months. His kilometres for personal use were 14,000 out of a total of 19,000 kilometres. Operating costs paid by his employer during this year were $3,700 (including HST). Which one of the following statements is TRUE for this year? (a) Bob's standby charge is $13,200. (b) Bob's minimum operating cost benefit is $2,726. (c) Bob's minimum operating cost benefit is $6,600. (d) Bob can elect to use 1/2 of his standby charge as his operating cost benefit. Show all your work and explain reasons for true or false for each option.
In the given statement, Correct answer is (a) Bob's standby charge is $13,200.
Bob's employer provided him with an employer-owned automobile costing $55,000 (including HST) for 12 months. His kilometres for personal use were 14,000 out of a total of 19,000 kilometres. Operating costs paid by his employer during this year were $3,700 (including HST). Bob's standby charge is $13,200. Bob's minimum operating cost benefit is $2,726. Bob's minimum operating cost benefit is $6,600. Bob can elect to use 1/2 of his standby charge as his operating cost benefit. Statement (a) Bob's standby charge is $13,200 is TRUE for this year. Therefore, option (a) is correct. Reasons: The standby charge for an automobile provided by the employer for personal use by an employee is to be included in the employee's income, but only if the amount of the standby charge is greater than the operating expense benefit.
The standby charge is calculated as follows:
Yearly standby charge = 2% × Original Cost × Personal-Use Fraction2% × $55,000 × 14,000/19,000 = $13,200
The minimum operating cost benefit is the lesser of the actual operating cost paid or the amount calculated using the prescribed rates for the year:
Total Operating Cost Benefit = A × B + C
Where A = Number of Personal Kilometres / Total Kilometres (in decimal form)B = Prescribed Rate for the particular Vehicle for the year C = GST/HST payable on A × B.Bob's
minimum operating cost benefit is calculated as follows:
A = 14,000 / 19,000 = 0.7368 (rounded)B = $0.28 per km (as per the prescribed rate for 2019)C = 13% × 0.7368 × 0.28 = $0.2726
Total Operating Cost Benefit = 0.7368 × $0.28 + $0.2726 = $0.5029 × 19,000 = $9,560.3
Therefore, option (b) Bob's minimum operating cost benefit is $2,726 and option (c) Bob's minimum operating cost benefit is $6,600 are both FALSE options. Hence, we are left with option (d) which is also FALSE. Bob cannot elect to use 1/2 of his standby charge as his operating cost benefit. This is because the standby charge can be reduced only by the actual operating cost paid by the employer for the automobile and not by the operating cost benefit calculated as above. Therefore, Bob's standby charge is $13,200, which is the correct option.
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1- Which of the following factors is the most important in determining the organization of a report?
a) Writer convenience
b) Reader comprehension
c) Report frequency
d) Report length
Option b) Reader comprehension is the most important in determining the organization of a report.
The most important factor in determining the organization of a report is reader comprehension. The primary purpose of a report is to convey information effectively to its intended audience. By organizing the report in a way that facilitates understanding and clarity for the readers, the message can be conveyed more effectively.
Reader comprehension should be prioritized because if the report is not structured in a logical and coherent manner, the readers may struggle to grasp the main points, resulting in confusion and potentially rendering the report ineffective. The organization of the report should take into account the readers' knowledge and familiarity with the subject matter, presenting information in a way that is accessible and easily digestible.
While other factors such as writer convenience, report frequency, and report length may also influence the organization to some extent, they should be secondary considerations compared to the primary goal of ensuring reader comprehension. Ultimately, the success of a report lies in its ability to effectively communicate information to the intended audience, and organizing the report with the readers' comprehension in mind is paramount to achieving that goal.
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On December 29, 2011 Exxon Mobil encounters a major oil spill in connection with their oil rig off of the coast of Alabama. Exxon believes that it is probable that they will need to pay a significant amount in damages and fees, but they are not able to reasonably estimate the amount. On February 15, 2012, Exxon Mobil files their financial statements with the SEC. On March 15, 2012, Exxon Mobil settles all oil spill related lawsuits for $24 Billion cash. What journal entry will Exxon Mobil record on March 15, 2012? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table Question 2 3 pts On December 29, 2011 Exxon Mobil encounters a major oil spill in connection with their oil rig off of the coast of Alabama, Exxon believes that it is probable that they will need to pay a significant amount in damages and fees, but they are not able to reasonably estimate the amount. On February 15, 2012, Exxon Mobil files their financial statements with the SEC. On March 15, 2012, Exxon Mobil settles all oil spill related lawsuits for $24 Billion cash. What amount should Exxon Mobil report on their 2011 Balance Sheet related to this event? $0 $20 Billion O $24 Billion $30 Billion Question 1 3 pts On December 29, 2011 Exxon Mobil encounters a major oil spill in connection with their oil rig off of the coast of Alabama. Exxon believes that it is probable that they will need to pay a significant amount in damages and fees, but they are not able to reasonably estimate the amount. On February 15, 2012, Exxon Mobil files their financial statements with the SEC. On March 15, 2012, Exxon Mobil settles all oil spill related lawsuits for $24 Billion cash. How should this event be presented in the 2011 financial statements of Exxon Mobil? O Disclosure Only O Recognize (Create a Liability on the Balance Sheet) O Ignore, since the amount can't be estimated
Journal Entry Record on March 15, 2012 by Exxon Mobi lThe journal entry that Exxon Mobil will record on March 15, 2012, is as follows: Cash 24,000,000,000.00Liability for Spill 24,000,000,000.00 ($24 billion)This journal entry is made because Exxon Mobil settled all oil spill related lawsuits for $24 Billion cash.
When a company like Exxon Mobil has to pay for oil spill damages, it records the payments as expenses. In this case, it will create a liability account for the expenses that it believes it will have to pay. Exxon Mobil had estimated a significant amount in damages and fees, but they are not able to reasonably estimate the amount, but on March 15, 2012, it has been settled that they will pay $24 billion cash.
they will make a liability account for spill expenses of $24 billion and credit cash for $24 billion. Related to This Event Amount on the 2011 Balance Sheet The amount that Exxon Mobil should report on their 2011 Balance Sheet related to this event is $0.
This is because no actual expense has been paid to settle the oil spill-related lawsuits yet. The liability was not yet settled as of December 31, 2011. Exxon Mobil believed that it is probable that they will need to pay a significant amount in damages and fees, but they are not able to reasonably estimate the amount. as of December 31, 2011, no actual expense has been paid to settle the oil spill-related lawsuits. Exxon Mobil had to make a disclosure in the financial statement to alert investors and regulators that there is a potential liability in the future that could be material to the company’s financial position.
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There are always positive things you can do to change your credit score so it is worth the time to try and manage it. True O False
The statement “There are always positive things you can do to change your credit score so it is worth the time to try and manage it” is true.
A credit score is a numerical representation of a person’s creditworthiness, which is computed from their credit history. A credit score has a significant impact on a person’s financial life. Lenders, banks, credit card companies, and even some employers will look at a person’s credit score when determining if they are a good candidate for a loan, a credit card, or a job. Because of this, it is critical to manage one’s credit score positively. A credit score can be improved by paying bills on time, keeping balances low, and disputing errors on a credit report, amongst other things. By following these positive actions, one can change and enhance their credit score over time. It is essential to keep in mind that a good credit score takes time to build, and there are no overnight fixes. Therefore, it is worth taking the time to manage one’s credit score to ensure a positive financial future.
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