High surface tension because of the attraction between water molecules helps bugs walk on the surface of the water.
How does surface tension help insects walk on water surface?Surface tension is important for insects that walk on water. They would sink without it. When compared to air molecules, water molecules are more strongly attracted to one another. Due to cohesion, this makes them attract and cling to one another strongly in a body of water. The water molecules between the molecules at the water's surface are more strongly attracted to one another because they do not have water molecules surrounding them on all sides.
As a result, there is an inward force that forms a "film" at the surface and causes the water to act as though a thin membrane were covering it. Surface tension is the term for this phenomena.
Surface tension can be used to the advantage of some insect and spider species. They don't break the water's surface when they stand on it because their negligible weight is insufficient to dissipate the force of surface tension. Instead, they make dimples or indentations in the surface with their feet, which rebound to move the insect ahead. This enables them to move swiftly over ponds, lakes, and rivers in search of prey.
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What is the purpose of adding 0. 1% agar to the trypticase nitrate broth when conducting the nitrate reduction test?.
Agar is used to assist establish an anaerobic environment that promotes nitrate reduction.
Nitrate Reduction test:
The nitrate in the broth is converted to nitrite by organisms that can produce the nitrate reductase enzyme, which can then be further converted to nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, or nitrogen. Anaerobic respiration and denitrification are two processes that can convert nitrate to a variety of compounds. While denitrification only reduces nitrate to molecular nitrogen, anaerobic respiration employs nitrate as the bacterium's final electron acceptor, reducing it to a range of chemicals.The nitrate reduction test is based on the detection of nitrite and its capacity to produce a red precipitate (prontosil), which is a water-soluble azo dye, when it combines with sulfanilic acid to create a complex (nitrite-sulfanilic acid).Learn more about the Nitrate reduction test with the help of the given link:
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calculate the weight of CO having the same number of oxygen atoms as are present in 22g of CO2.
The mass or the weight of the substance is given as the product of moles and molar mass. The weight of CO as the same oxygen atom in carbon dioxide is 28 gm.
What is mass?Mass of the substance has been given by the moles and the molar mass of the substance and also by the Avogadro's number (Na).
It is known that the molar mass of carbon dioxide is 44, and 1 mole of it will contain 44 gm or 6.022 × 10²³ molecules.
In a carbon dioxide molecule oxygen has 2 atoms so,
6.022 x 10²³ molecules of CO₂ = 2 × 6.022 x 10²³ atoms of Oxygen
so, 44g of carbon dioxide = 2 × 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of Oxygen
22 gm of carbon dioxide will also have 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of Oxygen
1 mole of carbon monoxide = 28 gm
So, 28 gm will have 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of Oxygen and will weigh 28 gm.
Therefore, the mass of carbon monoxide is 28 gm.
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Explanation:
1 mol of CO2=12+32=44 g
Number of oxygen in 1 molecule of CO2=2
Therefore, 44 g CO2 contains 2 moles of oxygen
22 g CO2 contains =442×22=1 mole oxygen atom
1 mole of CO=12+16=28 g
∴ 28 g CO contains 1 mol oxygen atom.
Explain how a redox reaction involves electrons in the same way that a neutralization reaction involves protons.
An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species.In oxidation loss of electrons takes place and in reduction gain of electrons is takes place whereas nuetralization reaction is a reaction in which an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of [tex]H^{+}[/tex] (proton) and [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] to generate water.
The neutralization reaction is not a redox reaction is because in nuetralization reaction there is no transfer of electron takes place where as in redox reaction there is no exchange of electrons between atoms. Moat bond forming and breaking redox reaction requires the concomitant transfer of protons.
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Which type of molecule are lipids mostly made of non-polar polar protein or water?
The lipids are mostly made up of non-polar molecule type .
So , first option is correct one.
Lipids contains same elements as the carbohydrates like carbon , hydrogen , and oxygen ( C , H and O) . However lipids are mainly made up of hydrocarbon chain ( or rings ) and contain few polar hydroxyl groups ( -OH ) . This makes the most lipids non - polar hydrobhobic molecules and hey are not dissolve well in water. The lipids are mainly made up of glycerol and fatty acids .
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The process of releasing silver iodide into the atmosphere to stimulate rainfall is called:?
Which of the following is true: A. Gamma rays are too dangerous to be used in a medicinal way. B. Gamma radiation is used commonly used in smoke detectors C. Gamma radiation should never be used on food products. D. Gamma radiation is frequently used on food to kill bacteria.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Gamma radiation penetrates the cell wall of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and can inhibit their metabolic functions as well as destroy their DNA.
Debunking the other answers:
A is incorrect as Gamma radiation is used in the treatment of cancer via radiotherapy.
B is incorrect as Gamma rays are too small and would just penetrate any smoke particles.
C is incorrect because Gamma rays are used to disinfect food products to prevent food borne illness. Irradiation is safe to use on food and does not make it radioactive.
Thus, D is correct.
Natalie observes these characteristics in the model of an atom. (i) includes positive charge (ii) contains electrons (iii) explains the photoelectric effect (iv) suggests the probable location of electrons
Natalie is observing electron cloud model of an atom.
What is electron cloud model?The electron cloud model is a representation of an atom that has a small, massive nucleus that is encircled by a cloud of electrons that are traveling quickly. According to the electron cloud model, although we can never be certain of an electron's precise location, it is more likely that they are in certain regions.It is created by Erwin Schrodinger.Due to the uncertainty principle, the electron cloud model establishes the zone of probability describing the electron's location.The electromagnetic force pulls the electrons of an atom toward the protons in the nucleus. The electrons are constrained by this force inside an electric potential well surrounding the smaller nucleus, therefore an external energy source is required for the electron to escape.Learn more about electron cloud model here:
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A 2. 00 g sample of cocl2. x h2o is dried in an oven. when the anhydrous salt is removed from the oven, its mass is 1. 565 g. what is the value of x?
It is Cobalt(II)chloride dihydrate. The value of x is 2.
First, we have to determine the mass of H₂O that was evaporated upon heating which will be = 2.00g - 1.56 g
= 0.435 g
So,
CoCl₂ + x.H₂O → CoCl₂.xH₂O
Molecular mass of CoCl₂ = 129.839 g/mol
Molecular mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
Weight of sample after heating = 1.565 g
Weight of H₂O evaporated = 0.435 g
Hence,
[tex]18x = \frac{129.839X0.435}{1.565} \\x = \frac{55.48}{28.17} \\x = 1.9[/tex]
x ≈ 2
So, it is Cobalt(II)chloride dihydrate.
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What is the general term for the process in which a chemical species gains electrons?
Reduction is the general term for the process in which a chemical species gains electrons
The number of electrons attached to an atom or group of atoms increases during a reduction, a type of chemical reaction. One material is provided with electrons by another, which is oxidized as a result of the reduction.
One of the atoms participating in the chemical interaction between two chemicals gains electrons during reduction, which is a type of chemical reaction. The term refers to the element that receives electrons since the element that gains electrons have a lower oxidation state. A chemical species lowers its oxidation number during a half-reaction known as reduction, typically by acquiring electrons.
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The oxygen used for preheating and the fuel gas are combined in the ____ chamber before burning.
Answer:
Mixing chamber
What substance is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of molten calcium bromide, cabr2cabr2? assume standard conditions
Magnesium (Mg) metal is the substance produced at the cathode.
As molten calcium bromide is electrolyzed, calcium (Ca) metal is the substance produced at the cathode.
Due to the fact that oxidation always takes place at the anode and reduction always occurs at the cathode,
Consider the two cations that were produced in the two ionisation processes of the two substances: mathrm Ca +2 and mathrm Mg +2. The following is how to express two cations' potential cathode reactions:
[tex]ca { }^{ + 2} + (aq) + 2e {}^{ - } - > \\ ca(s)E {}^{0} _{ca {}^{ + 2} \div ca } = - 2.87v[/tex]
[tex] Mg{ }^{ + 2} + (aq) + 2e {}^{ - } - > \\Mg(s)E {}^{0} _{Mg {}^{ + 2} \div Mg} = - 2.37v[/tex]
[tex] Mg^{ + 2} [/tex]
will be reduced quickly since it has a low electronegative electrode potential.
Thus, magnesium (Mg) metal is the substance produced at the cathode.
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You're going on a plane from Alaska to Florida and you're taking your bike. It's the middle of the winter. You fill up your tires before you leave to a pressure of 2.72
atm on a day that is -7.50°C. When you arrive in FL at 38°C, you check the pressure in your tires before you ride, what do you find the pressure to be?
Type your answer with the proper number of significant figures and proper units in the space below.
Answer:
2.3 atm
Explanation:
-7.50°C = 265.5 K
38°C = 315 K
(2.72)(265.5)=(pressure)(315)
pressure = 2.3 atm
What is the mass of a 32.5-ml sample of ethanol? the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/ml.
Answer:
25.6 grams of ethanol in 32.5 ml of the substance.
Explanation:
The density of ethanol can be used as a conversion factor. We know that:
Ethanol is 0.789 g/ml. That becomes a conversion factor that we may write as (0.789 g/ml) and then convert either grams ethaanol or ml ethanol into the other unit. We are given volume of ethanol: 32.5 ml.
Note that when we multiply (0.789 g/ml) by (32.5 ml) the ml unit cancels, leaving just grams. That's what we want, so:
(0.789 g/ml)(32.5 ml) = 25.6 grams of ethanol in 32.5 ml of the substance.
i need help pleaseee help please! <3
(a) The temperature goes up by 3⁰C.
(b) There is increase in temperature, so the reaction is exothermic.
(c) Examples of exothermic reaction include, rusting of Iron, burning of coal, reaction of strong acid and water.
(d) Examples of endothermic reaction include, melting solid salts and evaporating liquid water.
What is exothermic reaction?
Exothermic reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which energy is transferred to or from the surroundings.
Examples of exothermic reactions include the following;
Rusting of IronBurning of CoalReaction of Strong Acid and WaterWater and Calcium ChlorideWhat is endothermic reaction?Endothermic reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Examples of endothermic reactions include the following;
Melting solid salts.Evaporating liquid water, etcChange in temperatureFrom the increase in temperature from 15⁰C to 23⁰C, we can conclude that the temperature goes up by 3⁰C.
20⁰C - 17⁰C = 23⁰ - 20⁰C = 3⁰C.
Since there is increase in temperature, the reaction is exothermic.
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Calculate the mass of 3.4 moles of nitric acid (hno3). explain the process or show your work by including all values used to determine the answer.
Answer:
6.34917360^25g
Explanation:
It's been a while since I've done this type of problem so I'm not making any promises that its right hahaha, but I hope it helps anyway. Please let me know whether I'm right or not!
Calculate the ph after 10. 0 ml of 0. 40 m naoh is added to 20. 0 ml of 0. 50 m hcl.
The pH after 10. 0 ml of 0. 40 M NaOH is added to 20. 0 ml of 0. 50 M HCl is 13.3 .
Calculation ,
[ [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] ] = [tex]M_{1} V_{1} -M_{2} V_{2} /V_{1} +V_{2}[/tex]
where M is molarity and V is the volume .
[ [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] ] = 0. 50 M × 20. 0 ml - 0. 40 M × 10. 0 ml / 10. 0 ml +20. 0 ml
[ [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] ] = 6/30 = 0.2
pOH = -㏒[ [tex]OH^{-}[/tex] ] = -㏒ 0.2 = 0.7
pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 0.7 = 13.3
Therefore , the pH after 10. 0 ml of 0. 40 M NaOH is added to 20. 0 ml of 0. 50 M HCl is 13.3 .
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Metal nitrates other than the alkali elements on heating decompose into the corresponding metal __ along with the evolution of nitrogen peroxide and oxygen.
The correct answer is nitrates.
NitratesThe chemical formula for nitrate is [tex]NO_{3}[/tex]. Nitrate is a polyatomic ion. Nitrates are the name for salts that contain this ion. Common nitrate ingredients in explosives and fertilizers. Water is a solvent for almost all inorganic nitrates. Bismuth oxynitrate is one type of insoluble nitrate. Tests of endurance exercise performance show that dietary nitrate supplementation is effective. When young, healthy people consume significant amounts of nitrate, whether in the form of pure sodium nitrate or beet juice, their plasma nitrate concentration is quickly increased by a factor of 2 to 3, and this elevated nitrate concentration can be sustained for at least two weeks. Nitric oxide, or NO, is produced in response to elevated plasma nitrate.
Metal nitrates other than the alkali elements on heating decompose into the corresponding metal __ along with the evolution of nitrogen peroxide and oxygen.
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If you have 200. 0 g of radioisotope with a half-life of 5 days. How much isotope would remain after 15 days?
If you have 200. 0 g of radioisotope with a half-life of 5 days. 25g of isotope would remain after 15 days
Isotopes are members of an element family that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons. The atomic number of an element on the Periodic Table is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus. Carbon, for example, has six protons and has atomic number 6.
Radioisotopes are elemental radioactive isotopes. They can alternatively be defined as atoms with an unstable neutron-proton combination or surplus energy in their nucleus.
Radioisotopes are critical components of medical diagnostic techniques. They can be utilized for imaging to examine the dynamic processes taking place in various sections of the body when combined with imaging devices that register the gamma rays emitted from within.
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Which atom absorbs more energy- one in which an electron moves from the the second shell to the third shell, or an atom which an electron moves from the first to the third shell?
An atom which an electron moves from the first to the third shell atom absorbs more energy.
An atoms may occupy different energy states . The energy states are discrete , that means they occur at specific values only. Therefore an atom can only move to a new energy level if it absorbs or emits an amount of energy that exactly corresponds to the difference between two energy levels.
The lowest possible energy levels that the atom can occupy is called ground state.The energy levels which is higher to the ground state is called excited state.
The more energy absorb when electron move from first to third because in this second energy level have to pass to reach at third energy level.
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The combination of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom is called a ________ group
The combination of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom is called a Carboxyl group.
What is the Carboxyl Group ?The carboxyl group is an organic functional group. Carboxyl group contains two functional groups that is carbonyl group (C = O) and hydroxyl group (OH) which attached with single carbon atom. The structural formula for carboxyl group is RCOOH where R is alkyl or aryl group.
Example of Carboxyl group: HCOOH (Methanoic Acid) , CH₃COOH (Ethanoic acid) etc.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The combination of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom is called a Carboxyl group.
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A mixture of 10. 0 g of Ne and 10. 0 g ar have a total pressure of 1. 6 atm. What is the partial pressure of Ne?
Answer:
1.1 atm
Explanation:
moles of neon = 10.0g /20.2g/mole =.495 mole
moles of ar = 10.0 g /39.9 g/mole= .251 mole
the partial pressure of each is determined by their mole fractions of the entire mix
Ne .495 mole / (.495 + .251 mole) * 1.6 atm =
1.1 atm ( to two significant figures)
how many grams of nacl ( 58.44 g/mol) are needed to make 250.0 ml of a 1.50 m solution of nacl?
Answer:
21.92 gm
Explanation:
A 1.5 M solution would have 1.5 * 58.44 = 87.66 gm per liter
you only need 1/4 of this (250 ml) = 21.92 gm
A full 15.0 L scuba tank at 295 K contains 144 moles of air and has a pressure of 234 atm. At the end of the dive, the tank has a pressure of 68.0 atm and a temperature of 280 K. How many moles of air are left in the tank?"
Answer:
44.1 L
Explanation:
Since volume is being held constant, we can use the following variation of the Ideal Gas Law to find the new pressure.
[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex]
In the equation, "P₁", "T₁", and "N₁" represent the initial pressure, temperature, and moles. "P₂", "T₂", and "N₂" represent the final pressure, temperature, and moles. Your answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given values.
P₁ = 234 atm P₂ = 68.0 atm
T₁ = 295 K T₂ = 280 K
N₁ = 144 moles N₂ = ? moles
[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1N_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2N_2}[/tex] <----- Equation
[tex]\frac{234 atm}{(295 K)(144 moles)}=\frac{68.0 atm}{(280 K)N_2}[/tex] <----- Insert values
[tex]\frac{234 atm}{42480}=\frac{68.0 atm}{(280 K)N_2}[/tex] <----- Multiply 295 and 144
[tex]0.00551=\frac{68.0 atm}{(280 K)N_2}[/tex] <----- Simplify left side
[tex]1.54=\frac{68.0 atm}{N_2}[/tex] <----- Multiply both sides by 280
[tex](1.54)N_2={68.0 atm}[/tex] <----- Multiply both sides by N₂
[tex]N_2 = 44.1L[/tex] <----- Divide both sides by 1.54
There will be approximately 49.7 moles of air in the tank at the end of the dive.
The Ideal Gas Law, which asserts the following, can be used to solve this problem:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = pressure
V = volume
n = moles of gas
R = ideal gas constant
T = temperature
Let us first use the given data to obtain the initial amount of moles of air in the tank:
[tex]P_1[/tex]= 234 atm
V = 15.0 L
[tex]T_1[/tex] = 295 K, and
R = 0.0821 L/(Kmol) atm.
Using the ideal gas law equation, we can solve for [tex]n_1[/tex]:
[tex]n_1 = (P_1 * V) / (R * T_1)[/tex]
= (234 atm * 15.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) * 295 K)
≈ 189.6 moles
Using the new pressure and temperature, we can determine the exact amount of air in the tank:
P2=68.0 atm and T2=280 K
We can determine [tex]n_2[/tex] by applying the same formula:
[tex]n_2 = (P_2 * V) / (R * T_2)[/tex]
= (68.0 atm * 15.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) * 280 K)
≈ 49.7 moles
As a result, there will be approximately 49.7 moles of air in the tank at the end of the dive.
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The whole cloves are broken up to help release the eugenol during distillation.
a. true
b. false
The statement is False.
No, whole cloves are not broken up to help release the eugenol during distillation.
Steam distillation:
Live steam is used in the co-distillation technique of steam distillation to separate mixture components. It works well to extract essential oil constituents with high boiling points, such as those with boiling points of 200°C. However, the oil vapors themselves are warmer—around 100°C—helping to maintain the compounds' structural integrity. It enables distillation to be carried out at lower temperatures than the boiling points of the constituent parts. The high-boiling essential oils are vaporized by steam, and after passing through a cooling system, the hot vapors that were formed from them condense back into a liquid along with water. A two-phase distillate, consisting of a water layer and an oil layer, is created because the oils are immiscible in water.Learn more about the Steam distillation with the help of the given link:
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A monosaccharide that consists of 5 carbon atoms, one of which is in a ketone group, is classified as a(n) _______
A monosaccharide that consists of 5 carbon atoms, one of which is in a ketone group, is classified as a(n) ketopentose.
Ketone family
The suffix "-one" is added after locating the carbonyl group and, if necessary, designating it with a location number. Ketones are given their common names by first identifying the alkyl groups linked to the carbonyl (in alphabetical order), followed by the prefix "ketone." Several Regular Ketones. The three most significant ketones in terms of scale are acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone. Though less frequently than in general organic chemistry, they are still widespread in biochemistry. The simplest ketone is dimethyl ketone, or CH3COCH3, often known as acetone.
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6. What is the expected product from the reaction of potassium with oxygen?
О ко
О K2O2
О K2O
KOz
Answer:
K2O2 and KO2 is the answer
Answer:
C.) K₂O
Explanation:
Potassium (K) always forms the cation K⁺.
Oxygen (O) always forms the anion O²⁻.
The ionic compound these two ions form must have an overall charge of 0. However, the dissimilar charges on the ions do not cancel out (+1 + (-2) = -1). Therefore, you need to have two K⁺ ions in the compound to balance the charges (+1 +1 + (-2) = 0).
In the molecular orbital model of cyclobutadiene, how many -antibonding molecular orbitals are there?
There are one antibonding molecular orbitals present in molecular orbital model of c.
The cyclobutadiene has a pi system comprised of four individual atomic p - orbital and thus should have a four pi molecular orbitals. The compound is the prototypical antiaromatic hydrocarbon with 4 [tex]\pi[/tex] - electrons . Its rectangular structure is the result of jahn teller reaction which disorder the molecule and lowers its symmetry , converting the triplet to a singlet ground state. It is a small annulene . The delocalisation energy of the [tex]\pi[/tex] electrons of the cyclobutene is predicted to be zero .
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Tritium, or 3h, has a half-life of 12. 32 years. imagine a sample of tritium is prepared. (a) what fraction of the sample will remain 3. 80 yr after its preparation?
(a) 0.807 fraction of the sample will remain 3. 80 yr after its preparation of tritium.
What is half life?Half life is the time taken for the radioactivity of a substance to fall to half its original value whereas mean life is average lifetime of all the nuclei of a particular unstable atomic species.
So if a radioactive element has a half life of one hour, this means that half of it will decay in one hour. After another hour, half of the remaining material will decay.
Example:
The radioactive isotope cobalt-60, which is used for radiotherapy, has, for example, a half-life of 5.26 years.
Tritium half life = 12.32 (T half)
Formula :
N/N₀ = (1/2) ^ t/T (N/N₀ = Fraction ratio)t = 3.84 T = 12.32N/N₀ = (1/2) ^ 0.308N/N₀ = 0.807(a) 0.807 fraction of the sample will remain 3. 80 yr after its preparation of tritium.
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A welding torch requires 602.1 L of ethylene gas at 2.77 atm. What will be the pressure of the gas if ethylene is supplied by a 110.6 L tank?
Starting with the partially balanced equation, ch3cooh(l) ?o2(g)→2co2(g) 2h2o(l) what coefficient should be placed in front of o2 to balance the oxygen atoms?
The coefficient that should be placed in front of O₂ to balance the oxygen atoms is 2.
What is Balanced Chemical Equation ?The balanced chemical equation is the equation in which the number of atoms on the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms on the product side in an equation.
The given equation is
CH₃COOH (l) + O₂ → 2CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O(l).
Reactant Side Product Side
C = 2 C = 2
H = 4 H = 4
O = 4 O = 6
The number of atoms of O in the reactant side is 4 and the number of atoms of O in the product side is 6. So multiply by 2 to balance the oxygen atoms.
CH₃COOH (l) + 2O₂ → 2CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O(l).
Reactant Side Product Side
C = 2 C = 2
H = 4 H = 4
O = 6 O = 6
Now the given equation is balanced the number of atoms in reactant side is equal to the number of atoms in the product side.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The coefficient that should be placed in front of O₂ to balance the oxygen atoms is 2.
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