When assisting a client with an order for a clear liquid diet, the nurse should provide appropriate menu options. The appropriate items for a clear liquid diet are broth and certain types of pudding. Apples are not appropriate for a clear liquid diet.
A clear liquid diet is a type of diet that is composed of clear fluids that can be easily digested and leaves no residue. The goal of a clear liquid diet is to provide hydration while resting the gastrointestinal tract. When a client has an order for a clear liquid diet, the nurse assisting the client with menu options should provide appropriate options for the client to order.
The following are appropriate items that a client can order for a clear liquid diet:
Broth: Broth is made by simmering meat, bones, or vegetables in water. It is an excellent option for clients on a clear liquid diet because it is clear, easily digestible, and provides hydration.
Pudding: Pudding is a good option for clients on a clear liquid diet because it is a clear liquid, easily digestible, and provides some energy and nutrition. However, not all types of pudding are appropriate for a clear liquid diet, and it depends on the specific ingredients used.
Apple: Apples are not appropriate for a clear liquid diet because they are not a clear liquid, and they contain fiber and other nutrients that are difficult to digest.
Conclusion: In summary, when assisting a client with an order for a clear liquid diet, the nurse should provide appropriate menu options. The appropriate items for a clear liquid diet are broth and certain types of pudding. Apples are not appropriate for a clear liquid diet.
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your patient has been in a car accident they present with the following, high pulse rate, feek woozy, abd tenderness and brusing in the lower abdomen. what term is used to describe the color if their skin?
The term that is used to describe the color of the skin of a patient that has been in a car accident, presents with a high pulse rate, feels woozy, has abdominal tenderness, and bruising in the lower abdomen is pallor.
What is pallor?
Pallor refers to a pale or white appearance of the skin due to reduced blood flow.
It is frequently seen in people who are anemic or have low blood pressure or hypovolemia. When the skin loses its healthy color due to insufficient oxygenation, the patient's health and oxygenation are in jeopardy.The patient's symptoms of high pulse rate, wooziness, abdominal tenderness, and bruising in the lower abdomen may indicate internal bleeding, which might result in hypovolemia, leading to reduced blood flow and, as a result, pallor in the skin. It is essential to take the patient to a hospital for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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LP is a 43 yo female diagnosed with depression. She has no comorbidities but reports bouts of depression on and off since her teen years. She has never received drug therapy but now would like to try an antidepressant.
What medication would you treat this patient with and how long would you give to work before declaring the medication a success or failure?
What is the major mechanism of action for the following classes?
SSRI TCA SNRI MAOIs What is the major difference between the various classes with respect to side effects?
If the medication you picked in number one above failed or if side effects developed, what medication form a diff class would you pick and why?
1. The recommended medication to treat depression for LP is SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor). It has been found to be effective in the treatment of depression. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps in the regulation of mood, and low levels of serotonin have been linked to depression. The medication can take several weeks to show any improvement and can take up to 12 weeks before the medication is considered a failure.
2. The mechanism of action for SSRI is to block the reuptake of serotonin, therefore, increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain, which helps to regulate mood. TCA (Tricyclic Antidepressants) inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. SNRI (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) works by blocking the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine. MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) works by inhibiting the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which breaks down neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine.
3. The major difference between the various classes of antidepressants with respect to side effects is their different mechanisms of action. TCAs are associated with more anticholinergic side effects, such as dry mouth and constipation, while SSRIs and SNRIs are associated with more gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea. MAOIs are associated with dietary restrictions such as avoiding foods high in tyramine, which can cause hypertensive crises.
4. If the SSRI medication failed or developed side effects, the next medication that can be prescribed is an SNRI. An SNRI medication like venlafaxine (Effexor XR) may be used if the SSRI was not effective. This is because SNRIs work by blocking the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, and therefore are believed to have a more powerful effect on depression.
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a nurse s assissting a client who has hypothyroidism with meal
planning. Which of the folloeing foods should the nurse recommend
that the client aadd to her diet
The nurse should recommend that the client with hypothyroidism add whole grains to her diet. The correct option is C.
Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone, leading to a slower metabolism. When assisting a client with meal planning for hypothyroidism, it is important to focus on nutrient-dense foods that support thyroid function and overall health.
In this case, the nurse should recommend adding whole grains to the client's diet. Whole grains, such as whole wheat, brown rice, quinoa, and oats, provide important nutrients like B vitamins and fiber. Fiber helps regulate digestion and may support healthy weight management, which can be beneficial for individuals with hypothyroidism. Additionally, whole grains have a lower glycemic index compared to refined grains, meaning they cause a slower and more controlled rise in blood sugar levels.
While ripe bananas, poached eggs, and baked chicken can be part of a balanced diet, whole grains specifically provide benefits for individuals with hypothyroidism. It is important to consider the client's overall dietary needs and preferences when making recommendations. Consulting with a registered dietitian or healthcare provider can provide personalized guidance on meal planning for hypothyroidism. Option C is the correct one.
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Complete Question:
a nurse s assissting a client who has hypothyroidism with meal
planning. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend that the client add to her diet? a. Ripe bananas b. Poached eggs c. Whole grains d. Baked chicken.
Which additional symptoms should the nurse ask about? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)
Select all that apply
Nausea
Clay-colored stool.
Decreased attention span.
Stridor.
Itching
The additional symptoms the nurse should ask about are:
Nausea.
Clay-colored stool.
Decreased attention span.
Itching.
Stridor.
Explanation: Nausea is a feeling of queasiness that may occur with or without vomiting. Nausea and vomiting can be a sign of a variety of health conditions, including food poisoning, stress, and infections.
Clay-colored stool, also known as pale or grey stool, is a sign of liver dysfunction, which may be caused by a variety of factors, including hepatitis, cancer, or cirrhosis. Decreased attention span may be caused by a variety of factors, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stress, and depression. Itching is a symptom of a variety of conditions, including allergies, eczema, and insect bites.
Stridor is a high-pitched wheezing sound that is made during breathing, and is often a sign of respiratory distress.
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1. What are the advantages of conducting research in the field of community health nursing? Explain.
Research in the field of community health nursing can lead to evidence-based practice, identification of health needs, and improved health outcomes.
It can also inform health promotion and disease prevention initiatives, improve communication and collaboration, and contribute to the professional development of nurses.
One of the advantages of conducting research in the field of community health nursing is the development of evidence-based practice.
This can lead to more effective and efficient healthcare interventions for patients.
Research in community health nursing can also identify the health needs of specific populations, which can help inform policies and programs that address these needs. Another advantage is that research can provide a basis for health promotion and disease prevention initiatives.
It can also help healthcare providers better understand the social determinants of health, which can influence health outcomes.
Conducting research in community health nursing can also lead to improved communication and collaboration among healthcare providers and organizations.
This can help ensure that patients receive comprehensive and coordinated care.
Furthermore, research can contribute to the professional development of nurses, by providing opportunities for learning and growth.
In conclusion, research in the field of community health nursing can lead to evidence-based practice, identification of health needs, and improved health outcomes.
It can also inform health promotion and disease prevention initiatives, improve communication and collaboration, and contribute to the professional development of nurses.
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At 0900 a.m. the charge nurse observes the primary nurse crushing an enteric coated aspirin in the medication room. which action should the charge nurse implement?
a. Take no action because this is an acceptable standard of practice.
b. Correct the primary nurse's behavior in the medication room.
c. Explain that enteric coated medications should not be crushed.
d. Complete an adverse occurrence report
The charge nurse should correct the primary nurse's behavior in the medication room.
Crushing an enteric coated aspirin goes against the recommended practice for administering such medications. Enteric coated tablets are designed to pass through the stomach intact, allowing them to dissolve and release the medication in the intestines instead.
Crushing the tablet compromises its protective coating, which may result in the drug being absorbed in the stomach rather than the intended site of action. This can potentially lead to reduced effectiveness or even adverse effects.
By correcting the primary nurse's behavior, the charge nurse ensures patient safety and adherence to proper medication administration protocols. It is crucial to reinforce the importance of following specific instructions for administering enteric coated medications.
The primary nurse may not be aware of the potential consequences or may have forgotten the appropriate guidelines. Addressing this issue promptly allows for a teachable moment and helps prevent similar errors in the future.
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what do you hope to learn from healthcare delivery system class?
hope to learn about the various components and processes involved in healthcare delivery systems.
The healthcare delivery system class aims to provide comprehensive knowledge about how healthcare services are organized, managed, and delivered to individuals and communities. Through this course, I expect to gain an understanding of the different aspects of healthcare delivery systems, including the roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders, the structure and functioning of healthcare organizations, the integration of healthcare services, and the policies and regulations that govern healthcare systems.
Specifically, I hope to learn about the different models of healthcare delivery, such as the primary care model, the managed care model, and the patient-centered medical home model. I want to explore the challenges and opportunities associated with delivering quality healthcare, improving patient outcomes, and enhancing patient experiences. Additionally, I am interested in understanding the impact of technology and innovation on healthcare delivery, including electronic health records, telemedicine, and digital health solutions.
Furthermore, I hope to develop a holistic perspective on healthcare delivery systems, considering factors such as access to care, healthcare disparities, healthcare financing and reimbursement models, and the importance of effective communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals.
Overall, my goal is to acquire a comprehensive understanding of healthcare delivery systems and to gain insights that will enable me to contribute positively to improving healthcare access, quality, and outcomes.
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Reflect on the 4 tenets of nursing practice (person/client, environment, health, nursing) and describe what they mean to you in your clinical practice while identifying one nursing theory that most resonates with your philosophy of nursing.
This theory defines nursing as assisting clients to achieve or maintain a level of independence in activities of daily living, recognizing the interrelatedness of physiological, psychological, and social components of human functioning. The nurse's role in this theory is to provide care in a way that meets the client's needs while promoting independence and the ability to care for themselves.
The four tenets of nursing practice that reflect the nursing profession include person/client, environment, health, and nursing. They're central concepts to help nurses provide quality care to clients. Person/client
The person is defined as an individual with intrinsic worth and unique characteristics. Every client has unique attributes, preferences, and life experiences that affect their health and illness experiences. The nurse establishes a therapeutic relationship with the client to provide care that considers their cultural, spiritual, and ethical values and beliefs. Environment The environment is a crucial aspect of nursing practice, and it encompasses all of the physical, emotional, and social factors that influence a client's health. The environment includes the social, economic, and political aspects of a client's life.
For example, a nurse providing care in an urban area may address specific environmental hazards such as pollution and a high level of crime. Health Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Nurses must assist clients to maintain, regain, or achieve optimal health outcomes through health promotion, prevention, and management of disease. They also have to help clients adjust to chronic illness and maintain their quality of life.
Nursing Nursing involves the promotion, optimization, and protection of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. Nurses apply a range of knowledge and skills to provide care that is respectful, ethical, and evidence-based. The nursing process guides nursing interventions and care. One nursing theory that most resonates with my philosophy of nursing is Virginia Henderson's Theory of Nursing.
This theory defines nursing as assisting clients to achieve or maintain a level of independence in activities of daily living, recognizing the interrelatedness of physiological, psychological, and social components of human functioning. The nurse's role in this theory is to provide care in a way that meets the client's needs while promoting independence and the ability to care for themselves.
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John, a 72-year-old grandfather, had been smoking heavily for 24 years and had a persistent cough. A biopsy of his lung tissue revealed considerable amounts of carbon particles. How could this happen considering the natural cleaning mechanism of the respiratory system? What is the cause of his persistent cough?
The natural cleaning mechanism of the respiratory system is made up of a mucociliary escalator, which removes debris from the airways.
However, in the case of John, a 72-year-old grandfather who had been smoking heavily for 24 years and had a persistent cough, this mechanism has failed to function properly.
John's persistent cough is caused by an accumulation of tar and other harmful chemicals found in cigarette smoke.
The carbon particles, which were found in his lung tissue biopsy, were caused by his body's inability to expel the particulate matter from the smoke, which resulted in the particles becoming embedded in his lung tissue.
As a result, John's respiratory system has become clogged with tar and other harmful chemicals, making it difficult for him to breathe and causing him to cough persistently.
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The nurse is assessing a patient who is reporting dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's chest and hears wheezing, throughout the lung fields. What might this indicate about this patient?
a. Pneumothorax
b. Atelectasis
c. Bronchoconstriction
d. Pneumonia
The presence of wheezing throughout the lung fields indicates bronchoconstriction in the patient reporting dyspnea.
Dyspnea is a sensation of running out of the air and of not being able to breathe fast enough or deeply enough. It results from multiple interactions of signals and receptors in the CNS, peripheral receptors chemoreceptors, and mechanoreceptors in the upper airway, lungs, and chest wall. cause are Shortness of breath — known medically as dyspnea — is often described as an intense tightening in the chest, air hunger, difficulty breathing, breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation.
Treatments required :
Bronchodilators to open airways.
Steroids to reduce swelling.
Pain medications.
Hence correct option is c.
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Which of the following is NOT considered a vital statistic? cause-specific death rate fetal death rate infant mortality rate drug-usage rate
Drug-usage rate is NOT considered a vital statistic. The correct option is D.
Vital statistics are statistical measures that provide information about key events in human populations, such as births, deaths, and marriages. These statistics are important for understanding population health and guiding public health interventions. Let's examine each option to identify the one that is not considered a vital statistic:
1. Cause-specific death rate: This is a vital statistic that measures the number of deaths attributed to specific causes in a given population. It provides insights into the leading causes of death and helps prioritize public health efforts.
2. Fetal death rate: Also known as stillbirth rate, this vital statistic measures the number of fetal deaths (deaths of unborn babies after 20 weeks of gestation) per 1,000 live births. It provides information about the health of pregnancies and the potential risks to fetal well-being.
3. Infant mortality rate: This is a vital statistic that measures the number of deaths among infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. It serves as a crucial indicator of the overall health and well-being of infants and reflects the quality of prenatal care, neonatal care, and access to healthcare services.
4. Drug-usage rate: While drug usage rates provide valuable information about substance abuse and drug trends within a population, they are not considered vital statistics. Drug usage rates are typically derived from surveys and are used to monitor patterns of drug consumption, inform policy decisions, and guide prevention and treatment strategies.
In summary, drug-usage rate is not considered a vital statistic, whereas cause-specific death rate, fetal death rate, and infant mortality rate are all vital statistics that provide important insights into population health and well-being. Option D is the correct one.
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The charge nurse identifies that a staff nurse delegates a large amount of tasks to the assistive personnel and is often sitting around browsing on the internet. The nurse on the next shift have reported that many tasks are not completed by change of shift. Which statement should the charge nurse make to resolve this conflict?
Select one
"It seems you are having difficulties completing your work do you need a lighter patient assignment?
"Why are you so inconsiderate of others by not completing your work?"
"We need to talk about unit expectations regarding delegating and completing task."
"Several staff members have complained that you don’t do your work."
The charge nurse should make the statement, "We need to talk about unit expectations regarding delegating and completing tasks."
1. Addressing the Conflict: The charge nurse needs to address the conflict and resolve the issues related to task completion and delegation. The goal is to find a constructive solution and improve the overall efficiency of the unit.
2. Option A: The statement, "It seems you are having difficulties completing your work, do you need a lighter patient assignment?" assumes that the nurse is struggling due to a heavy workload. While workload can be a factor, it's important to address both incomplete tasks and excessive internet browsing. This statement focuses solely on workload without addressing the browsing behavior or unit expectations.
3. Option B: The statement, "Why are you so inconsiderate of others by not completing your work?" takes a confrontational approach and places blame on the nurse. This statement does not promote open communication or provide an opportunity for understanding and resolution.
4. Option C: The statement, "We need to talk about unit expectations regarding delegating and completing tasks" is the most appropriate choice. It acknowledges the issue, highlights the importance of unit expectations, and initiates a conversation to address the problem. This statement allows the charge nurse and staff nurse to discuss responsibilities, delegation processes, time management, and the impact of incomplete tasks on patient care.
5. Option D: The statement, "Several staff members have complained that you don’t do your work" focuses on complaints from other staff members, which can create a negative and confrontational atmosphere. It does not promote open communication or provide an opportunity for understanding and resolution between the charge nurse and the staff nurse.
In summary, the charge nurse should choose the statement, "We need to talk about unit expectations regarding delegating and completing tasks." This approach encourages open communication, allows for a discussion about responsibilities and expectations, and provides an opportunity to address both incomplete tasks and excessive internet browsing in order to improve overall workflow and patient care.
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A patient is to receive 0.5 mg/kg/day of Medication A. If the
patient is a 200 lb man, how much medication A will he need
(mg/day)?
To calculate the amount of medication A that a 200 lb man would need per day, we need to use the following formula:
mg/day = (mg/kg/day) x (patient weight in kg)
First, we need to convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms.
We know that 1 kg is equal to 2.2 lbs.
So,200 lbs ÷ 2.2 lbs/kg
= 90.91 kg (rounded to two decimal places)
Now, we can plug in the values we have into the formula:
mg/day = (0.5 mg/kg/day) x (90.91 kg)mg/day
≈ 45.46 mg (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, the patient would need approximately 45.46 mg of medication A per day.
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A 65-year-old woman who is A Rh D Positive reported to the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital with an abdominal mass. Laboratory and other investigations were done. Blood cultures were positive for Gram-negative bacilli. Her sample was sent to the blood bank for grouping and crossmatching for urgent transfusion. Below are her blood grouping results:
Anti-A Anti-B Anti-A,B Anti-D A1 Cells B Cells O Cells
3+ 1+ 2+ 3+ 0 4+ 0
I. Comment on the results.
II. What are the possible causes of this results?
III. Which blood group will you issue for transfusion and why?
I. Comment on the results: The blood group of the patient is A Rh D Positive. The anti-A serum agglutinates with 3+ reaction and anti-B serum with 1+ reaction.
The cells containing A antigen were agglutinated by anti-A serum. The anti-A, B serum agglutinates with 2+ reaction and anti-D serum with 3+ reaction. The cells containing B antigen were agglutinated by anti-B serum. A1 cells were not agglutinated by anti-A serum, and B cells agglutinated 4+ by anti-B serum.
The O cells did not agglutinate with any serum.
II. What are the possible causes of these results?
Based on the results, it appears that the patient is group A with anti-B antibodies. The cause of the Gram-negative bacteria blood cultures should be evaluated. If there is an infection or inflammatory condition, it may affect the results.
The patient may have recently received a blood transfusion, which could affect the results as well.
III. Which blood group will you issue for transfusion and why?
Group A Rh D Positive blood is safe to transfuse to the patient because they have anti-B antibodies, which can cause problems when transfusing group B or AB blood.
Anti-D is reactive to the D antigen, which is Rh-positive, and the patient is Rh D Positive.
So, the blood group that will be issued for transfusion is Group A Rh D Positive.
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Petitioner Wyeth manufactures the anti-nausea drug, Phenergan. After a clinician injected respondent Levine with Phenergan by the "IV-push" method, whereby a drug is injected directly into a patient's vein, the drug entered Levine's artery, she developed gangrene, and doctors amputated her forearm. Levine brought a state-law damages action, alleging that Wyeth had failed to provide an adequate warning about the significant risks of administering Phenergan by the IV-push method. The Vermont jury determined that Levine's injury would not have occurred if Phenergan's label included an adequate warning, and it awarded damages for her pain and suffering, substantial medical expenses, and loss of her livelihood as a professional musician. Phenergan's labeling had been approved by the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
The decision in the case of Wyeth v. Levine is that it's a landmark case decided by the United States Supreme Court on March 4, 2009, which held that the United States Food and Drug Administration's approval of a drug does not preempt state law claims for damages caused by that drug. This decision in the case of Wyeth v. Levine is significant as it upholds the concept that a state-law damages claim against a pharmaceutical manufacturer is not preempted by the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Explanation: The Supreme Court's decision in Wyeth v. Levine stated that a state law claim against a pharmaceutical company is not preempted by the FDA's approval of a drug. It means that the pharmaceutical company can still be held liable for damages resulting from the use of a drug. This decision is significant as it clarifies that the FDA's approval of a drug does not necessarily shield a pharmaceutical company from liability for damages caused by that drug. It upholds the principle that state law claims are a viable means for people to seek redress for injuries caused by pharmaceutical products.
Petitioner Wyeth manufactures the anti-nausea drug, Phenergan. After a clinician injected respondent Levine with Phenergan by the "IV-push" method, whereby a drug is injected directly into a patient's vein, the drug entered Levine's artery, she developed gangrene, and doctors amputated her forearm. Levine brought a state-law damages action, alleging that Wyeth had failed to provide an adequate warning about the significant risks of administering Phenergan by the IV-push method.
The Vermont jury determined that Levine's injury would not have occurred if Phenergan's label included an adequate warning, and it awarded damages for her pain and suffering, substantial medical expenses, and loss of her livelihood as a professional musician. Phenergan's labeling had been approved by the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Conclusion: The decision in the case of Wyeth v. Levine is significant as it clarifies that state law claims are a viable means for people to seek redress for injuries caused by pharmaceutical products. It upholds the principle that the FDA's approval of a drug does not necessarily shield a pharmaceutical company from liability for damages caused by that drug.
This decision means that a pharmaceutical company can still be held liable for damages resulting from the use of a drug, even if it has been approved by the FDA.
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A 65-year-old patient underwent left hip replacement surgery yesterday and is currently recovering on the surgical unit. The patient has an intravenous (IV) solution running in the left hand of D5 1/2NS at 75 mL/hr and has a left hip soft silicone dressing in place. Current vital signs include temperature 37°C (98.6°F), heart rate 88 beats/min, respiratory rate 18 breaths/min. Pain assessment is currently 8 on a 0-to-10 scale. The patient has a long history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The nurse documents the following assessment findings; select the assessment finding(s) that require follow-up by the nurse.
Group of answer choices
1.Has no history of chronic health problems except diabetes mellitus
2. Small amount of serosanguineous drainage present on surgical dressing
3.Reports left hip pain of 8 on a 0-to-10 pain intensity scale
4.Easily arousable
5.Heart rate = 88 beats/min
6.Blood pressure = 152/90 mm Hg
7.Current blood sugar is 140 mg/dL
The nurse should monitor the serosanguineous drainage on the surgical dressing for signs of infection, closely monitor the patient's elevated blood pressure for potential complications, and keep a watchful eye on the patient's blood sugar level to ensure it remains within a safe range given their history of diabetes.
The nurse must follow up on the following assessment findings given for a 65-year-old patient undergoing left hip replacement surgery who is recovering on the surgical unit: Small amount of serosanguineous drainage present on surgical dressing; Blood pressure = 152/90 mm Hg; and Current blood sugar is 140 mg/dL.
What is serosanguineous drainage?Serosanguineous is a fluid that is generally pink and watery in appearance, similar to blood-tinged fluid. Serous fluid is also clear and watery, similar to plasma, but is not as thick as blood. The presence of serosanguineous drainage on the surgical dressing is a cause for concern because it could indicate a wound infection. When the patient is in surgery, the incision wound should be monitored for any indication of wound infection.
Blood pressure = 152/90 mm Hg
Blood pressure readings that are higher than normal can indicate hypertension, which may lead to cardiovascular and renal disease. The nurse should closely monitor the patient's blood pressure readings to ensure that they remain within a safe range.
Current blood sugar is 140 mg/dL
The patient's long history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus puts them at risk for hyperglycemia or high blood sugar. The nurse should closely monitor the patient's blood sugar level to ensure that it remains within a safe range. The normal range for blood sugar levels in an adult is 80-140 mg/dL. A blood sugar level higher than this may indicate a need for additional insulin or medication to control the patient's blood sugar levels.
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List 3 examples of professional versus friendly communication
between a PTA and a patient. Is there an appropriate place and time
for friendly communication?
Professional communication should be used when conveying information that is considered formal and should have a neutral tone. Friendly communication, on the other hand, should be used when a more casual tone is appropriate. Finally, it is important to recognize the appropriate place and time for friendly communication, and ensure that it does not detract from the overall professionalism of the communication.
Professional communication refers to language used to convey information that is considered formal and has a neutral tone. Friendly communication, on the other hand, involves using words and phrases that are informal and have a more casual tone. The following are three examples of professional versus friendly communication between a PTA and a patient:
Example 1: Professional communication:
Good morning. I am a PTA, and I am here to assist you.
Friendly communication: Hi! How are you doing today?
I am a PTA, and my name is _____ .
Example 2: Professional communication:
Based on the results of your physical examination, I would like to recommend that you attend physical therapy sessions.
Friendly communication: So, it seems you need a little help. I think you will benefit from physical therapy.
Example 3: Professional communication:
To be completely honest, I do not have the answer to that question, but I will find out and get back to you as soon as possible.
Friendly communication: I'm sorry, but I'm not entirely sure about that. However, I will find out and let you know.
In conclusion, it is important for a PTA to strike a balance between professionalism and friendliness when communicating with patients.
Professional communication should be used when conveying information that is considered formal and should have a neutral tone. Friendly communication, on the other hand, should be used when a more casual tone is appropriate. Finally, it is important to recognize the appropriate place and time for friendly communication, and ensure that it does not detract from the overall professionalism of the communication.
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Bronson Community Hospital:
Weighted Medicare encounters by type:
Medicare January February March
Admissions 2,500 2,470 2,840
Follow-up 4,100 3,865 4,220
Total 6,600 6,335 7,060
Fee by weighted encounter per type:
Type of Visit Fee
Admissions $325
Follow-up 160
Required:
Calculate Bronson Community Hospital's January, February, and March Medicare gross revenues if the fee for an admission is $325 and the fee for a follow‐up encounter is $160:
To calculate Bronson Community Hospital's January, February, and March Medicare gross revenues, we can multiply the number of weighted Medicare encounters by their respective fees.
For January:
Admissions: 2,500 * $325 = $812,500
Follow-up: 4,100 * $160 = $656,000
Total: $812,500 + $656,000 = $1,468,500
For February:
Admissions: 2,470 * $325 = $803,750
Follow-up: 3,865 * $160 = $617,600
Total: $803,750 + $617,600 = $1,421,350
For March:
Admissions: 2,840 * $325 = $923,000
Follow-up: 4,220 * $160 = $675,200
Total: $923,000 + $675,200 = $1,598,200
Therefore, Bronson Community Hospital's January, February, and March Medicare gross revenues are $1,468,500, $1,421,350, and $1,598,200 respectively.
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Southern Environmental Consulting (SEC) Inc. designs plans a and specifications for asbestos abatement (removal) projects in public, private, and government buildings. Currently, SEC must conduct an air test before allowing the occupancy of a building after the asbestos has been removed. SEC subcontracts air-test samples to a laboratory for analysis by transmission electron microscopy TEM) To offset the cost of TEM analysis, SEC charges its clients $175 more than the subcontractors fee. The only expenses in this system are the costs of shipping the air-test samples to the subcontractor and the labor involved in shipping the samples. With the growth of the business, SEC must consider either continuing to subcontract the TEM analysis to outside companies or developing its own TEM laboratory. Because of the passage of the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) by the U.S. Congress, SEC expects about 1.000 air sample tests per year over eight years. The firm's MARR is known to be 7%. (a) Determine the cost of an air-sample test by the TEM laboratory (in-house) The unit cost is s 130 65 (Round to the nearest cent) Subcontract option. The client is charged $525 per sample, which is $175 above the subcontracting fee of $350. Labor expenses are $1.100 per year, and shipping expenses are estimated to be $0.70 per sample. TEM purchase option. The purchase and installation cost for the TEM is $442,000. The equipment would last for eight years, at which time it would have no salvage value. The design and renovation cost is estimated to be $8, 300 and it is paid only once along with the cost. The client is charged $350 per sample based on the current market price. One fulltime manager and two part-time technicians are needed to operate the laboratory. Their combined annual salaries will be $45.000. Material required to operate the lab includes carbon rods. copper grids, filter equipment, and acetone. The costs of these materials are estimated at $6,000 per year. Utility operating and maintenance costs, and indirect labor needed to maintain the lab are estimated at $18,000 per year Enter your answer in the answer box and then click Check Answer. The extra income-tax expenses would be $30,000
The cost of an air-sample test by the TEM laboratory (in-house) is $2.45 in the subcontract option and $519.30 in the TEM purchase option.
To determine the cost of an air-sample test by the TEM laboratory (in-house), we need to calculate the total costs associated with the subcontract option and the TEM purchase option.
Subcontract Option:
Client charged per sample: $525
Subcontracting fee: $350
Labor expenses per year: $1,100
Shipping expenses per sample: $0.70
Total cost per sample in the subcontract option:
$350 (subcontracting fee) + $1,100 (labor expenses per year) / 1,000 (number of samples per year) + $0.70 (shipping expenses per sample) = $2.45
TEM Purchase Option:
TEM equipment cost: $442,000
Design and renovation cost (one-time): $8,300
Salaries of manager and technicians per year: $45,000
Material costs per year: $6,000
Utility operating and maintenance costs per year: $18,000
Total cost per year in the TEM purchase option:
$442,000 (equipment cost) + $8,300 (design and renovation cost) + $45,000 (salaries per year) + $6,000 (material costs per year) + $18,000 (utility operating and maintenance costs per year) = $519,300
Total cost per sample in the TEM purchase option:
$519,300 (total cost per year) / 1,000 (number of samples per year) = $519.30
Therefore, the cost of an air-sample test by the TEM laboratory (in-house) is $2.45 in the subcontract option and $519.30 in the TEM purchase option.
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When canng for an older client who is detydrated and is receiving intravenous fluids, the practical nure (PN) measures the chicnrs heart rate at 120 beatsiminte. Which additional actions should the PN implement? (Select al that apply)
A. Measure the clients blood pressure
B. Ask an unicensed assistive personiel (UAP) to check the pulse rate.
C. Review the chent's list of medicabons:
D. Wathold oral fluids untalte pulse rate has decreased
E: Observe the rase of fow of the intravenous fluds
The practical nurse (PN) should implement the following additional actions:
A. Measure the client's blood pressure.
C. Review the client's list of medications.
E. Observe the rate of flow of the intravenous fluids.
1. Measure the client's blood pressure: Since the client is receiving intravenous fluids and has an elevated heart rate, it is important to assess their blood pressure. Blood pressure measurement provides information about the client's cardiovascular status and helps determine their overall hemodynamic stability.
2. Review the client's list of medications: Dehydration and certain medications can contribute to an elevated heart rate. Reviewing the client's list of medications allows the PN to identify any medications that may be causing or exacerbating the increased heart rate and take appropriate action, such as notifying the healthcare provider.
3. Observe the rate of flow of the intravenous fluids: The rate of flow of the intravenous fluids affects the volume and speed at which the fluids are being administered. Monitoring the rate of flow ensures that the client is receiving the prescribed amount of fluids and helps assess their response to fluid therapy.
Option B (Asking an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to check the pulse rate) is not a recommended action because measuring the pulse rate is within the scope of practice for the PN and should not be delegated to a UAP.
Option D (Withholding oral fluids until the pulse rate has decreased) is not an appropriate action because if the client is dehydrated, withholding oral fluids may further exacerbate the dehydration and compromise their overall condition.
In summary, the PN should measure the client's blood pressure, review the client's list of medications, and observe the rate of flow of the intravenous fluids to gather additional information and ensure appropriate care for the older client who is dehydrated and receiving intravenous fluids with an elevated heart rate.
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If a disease X has a duration of 15 years and a low incidence (5 per 100,000 person-years). If another disease Y has a duration of 5 years and a low and low incidence (5 per 100,000 person years). If we compare disease X and Disease Y in the same population, we would expect:
a) Better cure
b) lower prevalence
c) higher prevalence
d) Higher incidence
e) shorter duration
If a disease X has a duration of 15 years and a low incidence (5 per 100,000 person-years). If another disease Y has a duration of 5 years and a low and low incidence (5 per 100,000 person years). If we compare disease X and Disease Y in the same population, we would expect: lower prevalence. The correct option is b.
Disease X has a duration of 15 years and a low incidence (5 per 100,000 person-years) while disease Y has a duration of 5 years and a low incidence (5 per 100,000 person-years).If we compare disease X and Disease Y in the same population, we would expect a lower prevalence. Prevalence means the proportion of a population who have a specific disease at a given point in time. Since the incidence rate of both diseases is the same, and the prevalence is dependent on the duration of the disease, we expect that disease Y with a shorter duration of 5 years will have a lower prevalence than disease X with a longer duration of 15 years.
Therefore, the correct option is B, lower prevalence.
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High-quality patient-oriented healthcare delivery involves engaging and inspiring nurse role models and leaders to protect patients and improve their nursing profession's reputation. In light of the preceding, explain why nursing leadership is vital in a clinical environment ?
Nursing leadership is crucial in the clinical environment as it promotes high-quality patient care, fosters a positive work environment, and supports the professional development of nurses.
Nursing leadership is essential in a clinical environment because it inspires and engages nurse role models and leaders to safeguard patients and improve the profession's image. Leadership in nursing is important because it contributes to the maintenance of high-quality patient-oriented healthcare delivery. It is the obligation of nurse leaders to safeguard that healthcare professionals provide care that meets the requirements of their patients and their profession. As a result, it becomes vital to identify and address healthcare system problems, such as the inadequacy of resources, increased demand for services, and, more importantly, the importance of patient satisfaction.
A successful nursing leader creates a healthy work environment that encourages quality patient care, creates a safe and happy work environment, and advances the nursing profession's image. Additionally, nursing leaders must provide support for education and development in clinical practice to inspire nurses to give high-quality care. They should also provide continued support to the nursing staff to improve their performance in the workplace. It is important to address any ethical problems that arise in clinical settings in a supportive environment that promotes ethical standards. Leadership also has an important role in ensuring that there is a culture of collaboration, open communication, and respect between healthcare professionals and patients.
To sum up, nursing leadership is essential in a clinical environment because it contributes to the provision of high-quality patient-oriented healthcare delivery, inspires and engages nurse role models and leaders to safeguard patients and improve the profession's image, and ensures that healthcare professionals provide care that meets the requirements of their patients and their profession.
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state one specific quality hoal in the 2022 NPSG and state how that
goal supports health of patients. Explain why you think a new
nursing sfudent should know about this.
As a Clinic Manager or a Human Resource Manager, you have many responsibilities that include the following duties:
Responsibilities of a Clinic Manager:
The first responsibility is to plan and direct the administrative functions of the clinic. You should provide support to the clinic's medical staff, hire employees and delegate work responsibilities, and develop policies that improve the clinic's performance. This duty is essential because it allows the clinic to run efficiently and effectively.
The second responsibility is to ensure that the clinic's financial practices align with its objectives. This includes tracking budgets, analyzing expenses, and implementing cost-saving measures where possible. This duty is crucial because it allows the clinic to remain financially stable, which is vital for its longevity.
The third responsibility is to develop a strategic plan that outlines the clinic's goals and objectives. This duty is essential because it provides a roadmap for the clinic's future and helps keep everyone working towards the same objectives.
Responsibilities of a Human Resource Manager:
The first responsibility is to oversee the hiring and training of new employees. You should also develop performance metrics to assess employee progress and provide constructive feedback.
This duty is critical because it ensures that the clinic's staff is competent and well-trained.
The second responsibility is to develop compensation plans and benefits packages that motivate employees and are competitive within the industry. This duty is important because it helps retain quality staff.
The third responsibility is to develop and enforce policies that promote a safe, productive work environment. This duty is essential because it helps protect employees from harm and fosters a positive work culture.
The difference between authoritarian and participatory management styles:
Authoritarian management is a style in which the manager makes all decisions and takes full control over the workforce.
Participatory management, on the other hand, is a style in which employees are empowered to make decisions and have a say in how the clinic is run.
The role of a medical assistant regarding the importance of risk management in a healthcare setting:
Medical assistants are responsible for ensuring that patients receive quality care. As such, they play a critical role in risk management in a healthcare setting. Medical assistants must be aware of potential risks and take proactive measures to prevent adverse events from occurring.
Research and identify the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA): The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) is a federal law that protects individuals from discrimination based on their genetic information. The law prohibits employers and health insurers from using genetic information to make decisions about employment or coverage.
Research and identify the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments: The Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments (ADAAA) is a federal law that prohibits employers from discriminating against individuals with disabilities. The law requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations to employees with disabilities and prohibits employers from discriminating against job applicants with disabilities.
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multiple choice questions
which of the following antidiabetic medication reduce the blood
glucose level with a NON insulin -dependent mechanism
-Gliclazide
-Empagliflozin
-Metformin
-Exenatide
The antidiabetic medication which reduces the blood glucose level with a NON insulin-dependent mechanism is Empagliflozin.
What is Empagliflozin?
Empagliflozin is a non-insulin, orally active, and reversible SGLT2 inhibitor (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor). It functions by reducing glucose reabsorption in the kidneys and increasing urinary glucose excretion, resulting in decreased plasma glucose concentrations.
Empagliflozin was discovered and manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and was approved for use in the United States in August 2014 as an adjunct to diet and exercise for the management of type 2 diabetes in adults.
Metformin: This is an insulin sensitizing medication which is often used as first line therapy for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Exenatide: This is an injectable incretin mimetic medication which is often used in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Gliclazide: This medication is a sulphonylurea which works by stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas.
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Donna has depression and was prescribed an SSRI by her doctor. What will this drug do inside of her brain?
Prevent serotonin in the synapse from being moved back into the neuron.
Trigger increased production of serotonin in the nucleus of the neuron.
Strengthen the effect of a serotonin by mimicking it at the receptor site.
Block effects of serotonin by binding to receptors without activating them.
An SSRI will A. prevent serotonin in the synapse from being moved back into the neuron.
SSRIs, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are a class of antidepressant drugs commonly prescribed for individuals with depression. When Donna takes an SSRI, the drug works by preventing the reuptake of serotonin in the synapse, the small gap between neurons in the brain.
Normally, after serotonin is released from one neuron, it binds to receptors on the neighboring neuron and transmits signals related to mood regulation. However, in depression, there can be a deficiency of serotonin or impaired signaling. SSRIs inhibit the reuptake process, allowing serotonin to remain in the synapse for a longer duration. This increases the concentration of serotonin available to bind to receptors and enhances neurotransmission.
By blocking the reuptake, SSRIs effectively increase serotonin levels in the synapse, which helps to regulate mood and emotions. Over time, this prolonged presence of serotonin can lead to adaptive changes in the brain, promoting neuroplasticity and potentially alleviating depressive symptoms.
It's important to note that while this is a simplified explanation of how SSRIs work, the exact mechanisms of antidepressant action are complex and not fully understood. Additionally, individual responses to SSRIs may vary, and it's crucial for Donna to work closely with her healthcare provider to monitor the effects of the medication and adjust the dosage if needed. Therefore, Option a is correct.
Donna has depression and was prescribed an SSRI by her doctor. What will this drug do inside of her brain?
A. Prevent serotonin in the synapse from being moved back into the neuron.
B. Trigger increased production of serotonin in the nucleus of the neuron.
C. Strengthen the effect of a serotonin by mimicking it at the receptor site.
D. Block effects of serotonin by binding to receptors without activating them.
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A nurse is administering a loop diuretic for treatment of hypervolemila. What lab(s) would be a priority to monitor related to this medication?
a. Iron levels
b. Sodium and potassium
c. BUN and Creatinine
d. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
When administering a loop diuretic for the treatment of hypervolemia, the priority lab(s) to monitor related to this medication would be sodium and potassium levels and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine levels.
The correct answer is option B and C.
Loop diuretics, such as furosemide or bumetanide, work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle in the kidneys. This leads to increased excretion of sodium, chloride, and water, resulting in diuresis and reduction of fluid volume. However, loop diuretics can also cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia (low potassium levels) and hyponatremia (low sodium levels). These imbalances can have significant consequences for the patient, including cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and impaired renal function. Therefore, monitoring sodium and potassium levels is crucial to detect and manage these electrolyte imbalances promptly.
Additionally, loop diuretics can affect renal function by increasing urine output. This can lead to a decrease in renal perfusion and subsequent elevation of BUN and creatinine levels. Monitoring BUN and creatinine provides important information about kidney function and helps identify any potential renal impairment or acute kidney injury that may occur as a result of loop diuretic use.
In summary, when administering a loop diuretic for hypervolemia, it is essential to prioritize monitoring sodium and potassium levels, as well as BUN and creatinine levels. These labs allow healthcare professionals to assess and manage electrolyte imbalances and monitor renal function, ensuring the safe and effective use of loop diuretics in the treatment of hypervolemia.
Therefore, among the given options the correct answer is option B and c.
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Jane Tolefesen, a 63-year-old retired woman, had carpal tunnel surgery 3 years ago but recently is experiencing pain similar to when she was first diagnosed with the disorder. A diagnosis of tendonitis is given. Mrs. Telefeeson went through the traditional therapies for tendonitis, but she still had pain. After studying about acupuncture and talking to friends who had the procedure for other problems, she decides to visit an acupuncturist. During her first interview, the acupuncturist says, "A person with any ailment can benefit from acupuncture." When asked to be more specific, she tells Mrs. Tolefeson, "Acupuncture may specifically alleviate your pain. And acupuncture has the ability to enhance the body's energy force, which has a positive effect on any ailment." 1. What is your initial response to the acupuncturist's comments? Explain. 2. Identify what the success rate is for traditional treatment of tendonitis. 3. If an acupuncturist has treated you, what were the results? 4. If an acupuncturist has not treated you, would you be willing to seek treatment? Explain.
Acupuncture is a highly effective method of treatment that has been used to treat a wide range of conditions, including tendonitis. While the acupuncturist's statement about the effectiveness of acupuncture is a mere generalization, acupuncture has been found to produce significant improvements in symptoms in many cases. The decision to seek acupuncture treatment is subjective to an individual's personal beliefs and willingness to try alternative methods of treatment.
1. Initial response to the acupuncturist's comments
The acupuncturist's comments may be seen as a mere generalization of the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating ailments. However, the statements are yet to be substantiated with valid scientific proof of the efficacy of acupuncture in treating all ailments. Additionally, the acupuncturist did not explain the specific mechanism of acupuncture's effectiveness in treating tendonitis. While acupuncture is a highly effective method of treatment, more information and data are required for understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in acupuncture's effectiveness in treating a wide range of ailments.
2. Success rate for traditional treatment of tendonitis
As per the available data, the success rate of traditional treatments like corticosteroid injections, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and splinting can provide short-term relief of the symptoms. However, the treatment is limited to providing relief of the symptoms, and it may not treat the underlying cause of the condition. A study by Shi et al. found that acupuncture treatment showed significant improvement in symptoms in 63.9% of the cases when compared with traditional treatments.
3. Personal results after acupuncture treatment
The personal results after acupuncture treatment are subjective to an individual and the ailment being treated. As per the available data, acupuncture has been found to be highly effective in treating conditions such as nausea, migraines, lower back pain, and chronic pain. In some cases, acupuncture treatment has been known to produce immediate results while taking longer in other cases.
4. Willingness to seek acupuncture treatment
If an acupuncturist has not treated an individual, the individual's willingness to seek treatment may vary. There are mixed opinions on the efficacy of acupuncture treatment, and some people are not comfortable with the idea of needles. While acupuncture treatment has been found to be highly effective in treating a wide range of conditions, more research is needed to understand its underlying mechanisms.
Therefore, the decision to seek acupuncture treatment is subjective to an individual's personal beliefs and willingness to try alternative methods of treatment.
Conclusion: Acupuncture is a highly effective method of treatment that has been used to treat a wide range of conditions, including tendonitis. While the acupuncturist's statement about the effectiveness of acupuncture is a mere generalization, acupuncture has been found to produce significant improvements in symptoms in many cases. The decision to seek acupuncture treatment is subjective to an individual's personal beliefs and willingness to try alternative methods of treatment.
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Reflect on the various types of nursing leadership styles (Autocratic, Democratic Style, Laissez-Faire Style, Transformational Nursing Leadership, Servant Nursing Leadership, Transactional Nursing Leadership) and identify one of your preferred nursing leadership styles and why ?
Nursing leadership is critical to the success of any healthcare organization. There are several nursing leadership styles, including autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, transformational, servant, and transactional nursing leadership. Let's discuss these styles in more detail and identify one preferred nursing leadership style.
Autocratic nursing leadership style is characterized by a leader who makes decisions without involving others. The leader has absolute control over the team, and there is no room for discussion. It is an authoritarian style of leadership that is effective in emergency situations or when quick decisions need to be made.
Democratic nursing leadership style is the opposite of autocratic leadership. The leader involves the team members in decision-making processes, and everyone has a say in what happens. This approach fosters creativity and innovation, and it helps the team to work cohesively toward a common goal.
Laissez-faire nursing leadership style is a hands-off approach where the leader gives the team members a lot of freedom and autonomy. The team members have to decide on their own, and the leader only intervenes when necessary.
Transformational nursing leadership style is all about inspiring the team to achieve their goals. The leader motivates the team members to do their best and encourages them to go above and beyond the call of duty.
Servant nursing leadership style that focuses on serving others. The leader is committed to helping the team members grow and develop, and the needs of the team are always put first.
Transactional nursing leadership style is characterized by a leader who rewards good behavior and punishes bad behavior. The leader sets clear expectations and goals and provides rewards and incentives to encourage good behavior.
Preferred nursing leadership style
Democratic nursing leadership is my preferred nursing leadership style. I believe that involving the team members in decision-making processes leads to better decision-making, increased job satisfaction, and better teamwork. It also fosters creativity and innovation, which is critical in the healthcare field. Overall, democratic leadership helps to create a more positive and collaborative work environment.
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Roxane, a nursing supervisor, notices that Susan, a new graduate nurse she’s precepting, has difficulty setting priorities. Susan seems to concentrate fully on one patient at a time without considering the emergent needs of the other two patients to whom she is assigned. Roxane tried organizing her work for her, but she does not seem to learn from this approach and carry it forward into her next assignment. How can Roxane facilitate her critical thinking
Roxane can facilitate Susan's critical thinking by encouraging reflection, asking open-ended questions, providing feedback, teaching prioritization, and offering opportunities for learning.
Roxane can facilitate Susan's critical thinking in various ways. Critical thinking refers to the cognitive skills and mental processes that help us understand, comprehend, analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information. Nurses should possess critical thinking skills to make informed and accurate clinical judgments, improve patient care, and enhance their professional development.
Roxane, being Susan's preceptor, has a crucial role in facilitating Susan's critical thinking. Roxane can adopt the following strategies to help Susan improve her critical thinking:
1. Encourage reflection: Roxane can encourage Susan to reflect on her experiences and think critically about the patients' needs. Reflection helps individuals gain new perspectives, identify areas of improvement, and enhance their critical thinking skills.
2. Ask open-ended questions: Roxane can ask Susan open-ended questions that require her to think deeply and critically about the patient's condition, needs, and preferences. Open-ended questions help individuals analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information, leading to improved critical thinking skills.
3. Provide feedback: Roxane can provide Susan with constructive feedback on her performance and encourage her to identify areas of improvement. Feedback helps individuals identify their strengths and weaknesses, leading to better decision-making and problem-solving.
4. Teach prioritization: Roxane can teach Susan how to prioritize patients' needs based on the severity of their condition, acuity, and urgency. Prioritization is a critical aspect of nursing practice and requires critical thinking skills to make informed clinical judgments.
5. Provide opportunities for learning: Roxane can provide Susan with opportunities for learning, such as attending educational sessions, participating in research studies, and engaging in professional development activities. Such activities enhance individuals' critical thinking skills and promote their professional growth.
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Case Study # 2 Case Study Timothy, a rew nurse, begins his shift receiving the hand-off report and then organizes his day. Each of the following scenarios occurs during his morning care. Determine how he can best use clinical judgment to navigate each situation. 1. When taking a patient's oral temperature, Timothy notices a glass of ice water within the patient's reach. 2. Timothy takes a patient's blood pressure and it is significantly higher than the previous reading.
Timothy, a new nurse, begins his shift by receiving the hand-off report and then organizing his day. Timothy can use clinical judgment to navigate each situation as follows:
1. When taking a patient's oral temperature, Timothy notices a glass of ice water within the patient's reach:
When taking a patient's oral temperature, Timothy notices a glass of ice water within the patient's reach.
Timothy needs to understand that taking an oral temperature after drinking cold water can result in lower temperature readings.
If Timothy takes a temperature reading, he may get an inaccurate temperature reading and then need to take a repeat temperature after the patient has not had anything to drink for 15 minutes.
2. Timothy takes a patient's blood pressure and it is significantly higher than the previous reading:
When Timothy takes a patient's blood pressure, and it is higher than the previous reading, he must take note of this. Timothy should check the reading with another blood pressure cuff.
Timothy should also assess the patient for pain, anxiety, or any other factors that could cause the elevated blood pressure reading.
Timothy should notify the patient's doctor and inform him or her of the change in readings.
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