There is no mutually beneficial swap at these prices.
In order to determine whether a mutually beneficial swap exists, we need to compare the borrowing rates of the two firms in their respective currencies. Firm A can borrow euros at a rate of 6.18%, while Firm B can borrow dollars at a rate of 8.1%.
For a swap to be mutually beneficial, one firm should be able to borrow at a lower rate in its domestic currency compared to the other firm's borrowing rate in its domestic currency. However, in this case, Firm A's borrowing rate in euros (6.18%) is higher than Firm B's borrowing rate in dollars (8.1%).
Therefore, based on the provided information, there is no mutually beneficial swap available at these prices.
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Using MUS, an auditor determined the preliminary sample size for testing inventory valuation to be 15
(using a 100% average misstatement assumption). The population has 4,060 inventory items valued at $3,450,000. The auditor will select the MUS sample from the 4,060 inventory items using systematic sampling. Assuming a random starting point of 127,800, identify the cumulative dollar amounts associated with the first five sample items. How will the auditor determine the physical inventory items associated with each sample dollar?
Begin by identifying the cumulative dollar amounts associated with the first five sample items. How will the auditor determine the physical inventory items associated with each sample dollar?
Cumulative dollar amounts
Random dollar starting point
2nd sample dollar selected
3rd sample dollar selected
4th sample dollar selected
5th sample dollar selected
How will the auditor determine the physical inventory items associated with each sample dollar?
The selection of the first five sample items would be associated with a ..........
The auditors can determine the physical inventory items associated with each sample dollar by using the following steps:
Calculate the sampling interval by dividing the total value of the population by the sample size.
The auditor must randomly choose a starting point, as well as the dollar interval for selecting a sample.
The auditor will use the interval dollar amount to select the next sample dollar.
The auditor must physically check the inventory items linked to each sample dollar to determine whether there is a misstatement.
The auditor must check and correct the sample results.
The auditors can determine the physical inventory items associated with each sample dollar by using the steps mentioned above.
MUS sample selection is used for auditing inventory. MUS is a statistical sampling strategy that helps auditors to decide how many inventory items to test. The formula for determining sample size using MUS is shown below:
n = R × [ (t/AR)2 + 1 ]^-1
For the given question:
Population value = $3,450,000
Preliminary sample size = 15
Therefore,
R = Population value / Preliminary sample size
n = 3450000 / 15n = 230,000 / ARAR = 15 / 4060
AR = 0.00369
t = 3.71 (95% confidence)
Using the formula,
n = R × [ (t/AR)2 + 1 ]^-1n = 0.00369 × [(3.71/1)^2 + 1]^-1n = 15.4 or 16
So, the sample size is 16 inventory items.
The cumulative dollar amounts associated with the first five sample items are shown below:
First, the auditor must determine the sampling interval, which is calculated as follows:
Sampling interval = Total population value / Sample size
Sampling interval = 3,450,000 / 16Sampling interval = $215,625
A random starting point of 127,800 has been chosen, and the first sample dollar selected will be 215,625.
The first five sample items are as follows:
First sample dollar selected = Random starting point = $127,800
Second sample dollar selected = $127,800 + $215,625 = $343,425
Third sample dollar selected = $343,425 + $215,625 = $559,050
Fourth sample dollar selected = $559,050 + $215,625 = $774,675
Fifth sample dollar selected = $774,675 + $215,625 = $990,300
The selection of the first five sample items would be associated with a sampling error or misstatement. The auditor must then verify the items and correct any inaccuracies found.
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Moorhouse Clinic uses client-visits as its measure of
activity. During December, the clinic budgeted for 3,700
client-visits, but its actual level of activity was 3,690
client-visits. The clinic has p
The personnel expenses in the planning budget for December would be closest to - $51,009 (Option A)
How is this so?The personnel expenses in the planning budget for December can be determined by multiplying the fixed element per month ($27,100) by the actual level of activity (3,690 client-visits).
This calculation gives us an estimated personnel expense of $51,009. Therefore, option A ($51,009) is the closest value.
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Full Question:
Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
Moorhouse Clinic uses client-visits as its measure of activity. During December, the clinic budgeted for 3,700 client-visits, but its actual level of activity was 3,690 client-visits. The clinic has provided the following data concerning the formulas used in its budgeting and its actual results for December:
Fixed element per month Variable element per client visit
Revenue - 25.10
Personal expenses 27,100 7.10
Medical supplies 1,500 4.50
Occupancy expenses 6,000 1.00
Administrative expenses 3,000 0.10
Total expenses 37,600 12.70
Actual result for December:
Revenue - 96,299
Personnel expenses - 51,009
Medical supplies - 17,425
Occupancy expenses - 9,240
Administrative expenses - 3,239
17. The personnel expenses in the planning budget for December would be closest to:
A. $51,009
B. $51,147
C. $53,370
D. $53,299
Scenario Analysis: Go back to the sheet of Income Statement. Use the scenario manager to create three scenarios stated below and create a scenario summary, which will be a separate worksheet.
a. You will create 3 different scenarios by changing the product pricing mix in order to determine their impacts to Net Profit.
- The First Scenario is to raise the price of Product B by $5.00. However, this would cause sales of Product B to fall by 800 units and sales of Product C to increase by 700 units. Title the scenario name as Product B Price Change
- The Second Scenario is to raise the price of Product C by $4.00. However, this would cause sales of Product C to fall by 550 units and sales of Product B to increase by 400 units. Title the scenario name as Product C Price Change
- The Third Scenario is to raise the price of both Product B and Product C by $6.00. This would cause sales for Products B and C to both decrease by 350 units each. Title the scenario name as Product B and C Price Changes
b. Create a Scenario summary report, which will become a new and separate worksheet. Make sure the Results Cells include Earnings Before Taxes and Net Profit. Rename this worksheet as Scenario Analysis, and move the sheet to the right of the sheet of Goal Seek.
c. Write up a brief conclusion on your scenario analysis result in the sheet of Scenario Analysis, below the summary report. Which scenario will bring the company the optimum outcome of 2017 sales?
Scenarios by changing the product pricing mix in order to determine their impacts to scenarios by changing the product pricing mix in order to determine their impacts to Net Profit 2 = $88071.62.
Revenue of product A = 6543 × $62.00
Revenue of product A = $405666.00.
COGS of product A= Unit sold × Unit cost
COGS of product A = 6543.00 × $48.00
COGS of product A = $314064.00.
Gross profit = Total Revenue - Total COGS.
Gross profit of Scenario 1 = $1112043.00 -$923151.00
Gross profit of Scenario 1 = $188892.00.
Earning Before Tax= Gross profit-Total Operating expenses.
Earning Before Tax of Scenario 1 = $188892.00 - $209126.18
Earning Before Tax of Scenario 1 = -20234.18.
Net profit = Earning before tax-Tax 25%
Net profit of Scenario 2 = $117428.82- 25% of $117428.82
Net profit of Scenario 2 = $117428.82- $29357.21
Net profit of Scenario 2 = $88071.62.
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Note: the other Net Profit scenario was the as usual calculate.
believe that you are working for a start-up in the industry that you are considering for a career. And your company will be selling an imported service or goods. Share what that service or good will be and which country you think would be best to import from and why. Share what you think might be the biggest challenges in working with companies in that country. max 200 words
One potential challenge is the competitive nature of the US market. It may be challenging to differentiate our software solution and gain market share in a crowded industry.
As an employee of a startup in the technology industry, the service our company will be selling is a cloud-based project management software solution. This software will provide businesses with a centralized platform to plan, track, and collaborate on their projects efficiently.
In terms of importing this service, the country that would be best to consider for import would be the United States. The US has a well-established technology sector, with a high level of expertise and innovation in the field of cloud computing and software development. It is home to many renowned tech companies and has a robust ecosystem of startups and industry events. Importing from the US would allow us to tap into this expertise, access a large market, and benefit from established business networks.
However, there may be challenges in working with companies in the US. One potential challenge is the competitive nature of the US market. It may be challenging to differentiate our software solution and gain market share in a crowded industry. Additionally, navigating legal and regulatory requirements, such as data protection and privacy regulations, can be complex and may require a thorough understanding of US laws. Cultural differences and time zone disparities may also pose communication and collaboration challenges when working with US-based companies.
To overcome these challenges, it would be important to conduct market research and develop a unique value proposition that sets our software apart from competitors. Building strong relationships with local partners and customers, attending industry events, and leveraging digital marketing strategies would help establish a presence in the US market. Seeking legal counsel and ensuring compliance with relevant regulations would also be essential for a smooth operation. Effective communication channels and proactive customer support would help bridge any cultural and time zone gaps, ensuring a positive experience for our clients in the US.
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kyoko wants to consider the safety and security needs of her employees. which of the following organizational conditions would help meet those needs?
Creating a culture of safety and security in the organizational conditions is essential to meeting the needs of employees. By providing a safe working environment, clear policies and procedures, training, regular safety audits, and employee involvement, Kyoko can ensure that her employees feel safe and secure while at work.
The organizational conditions that would help Kyoko meet the safety and security needs of her employees are:
1. Providing a safe working environment: Providing a safe working environment is the most critical factor in meeting the safety and security needs of employees. In addition to being safe from physical harm, employees must also feel emotionally secure.
2. Policies and Procedures: The organization should have policies and procedures in place to ensure that the employees' safety and security needs are met. These policies and procedures should be clearly communicated to all employees to ensure that they are aware of them.
3. Training: Training should be provided to employees on safety and security issues. This should include training on how to handle an emergency situation, how to evacuate the building, and how to respond to a threat.
4. Regular safety audits: Regular safety audits should be conducted to ensure that the safety and security needs of employees are being met. These audits should identify potential hazards and recommend actions to reduce or eliminate them.
5. Employee involvement: Employees should be involved in the safety and security program. This can be done by establishing a safety committee made up of employees from different departments. This committee can review policies and procedures, conduct safety audits, and make recommendations for improvements.
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At several occasions I have mentioned Niccolo Machiavelli in our discussion of leadership and the art of politics and referred to his famous treatise, The Prince. I sometimes repeat myself by saying that every CEO, organization boss or political leader and even
students of leadership - must read this 16th century guide for political leaders. In fact, this philosophical magnum opus is more about how to gain and use power. Some see a diabolical spirit of ruthlessness in his philosophy and others may see a brutally honest way to keep power for survival at any cost: that the end iustifies the means
Niccolo Machiavelli's notorious composition," The Prince" is an excellent read for political leaders, every CEO, association master, and scholars of leadership. Machiavelli's gospel is further about how to gain and use power, which has been interpreted by people differently.
What's" The Prince"?
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli was an Italian diplomat, champion, and annalist, who lived from May 3, 1469 to June 21, 1527. The Prince is a 16th- century political composition by Niccolò Machiavelli, a Renaissance diplomat, and champion. It's a practical companion for ruling. He also served as a diplomat and as a elderly functionary in the Florentine Republic. The book is grounded on the history of the Roman Empire, especially the rule of Emperor Augustus. It's about how to gain and maintain political power. numerous see a satanic spirit of ruthlessness in his gospel, and others see a severely honest way to keep power for survival at any cost that the end justifies the means. It's a book about political power, the accession of power, the preservation of power, and the loss of power.
What's Organization?
An association is a group of individualities who work together to achieve a common thing or ideal. An association can be a private, public, ornon-profit reality. Organizations can be hierarchical or flat, centralized or decentralized, and regulatory ornon-bureaucratic. The structure and culture of an association can have a significant impact on its performance and success. It can impact communication, decision- timber, and hand geste.
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.
You came to know about the idea of insurance and that it works on sharing of losses. However, your father does not agree with you. As discussed in class, explain the idea of sharing of losses to your father. Assume asset to be insured worth Rs 1009000 and a chance of loss to be 19%. (Hint: consider at least two similar assets to prove your point.) 5 Marks
SUBJECT IS RISK AND INSURANCE
Insurance is a way of managing the risk of financial loss. The sharing of losses occurs in insurance. In case of a loss, the insurance company pays a certain amount to the insured.
What happens with it?When there is insurance, the insured pays a premium to the insurance company to cover the risk. The amount of the premium is determined by the potential loss of the item being insured. There are two similar assets that can be taken into account to prove the idea of sharing of losses to your father: a car and a house.
Suppose a car is worth Rs. 5,00,000 and a house is worth Rs. 10,00,000. For both the car and the house, the chance of a loss is 15%. Therefore, the expected loss for the car is Rs. 75,000 and the expected loss for the house is Rs. 1,50,000.The owner of the car or the house might have to pay the entire loss themselves if there is no insurance. This can be difficult for many individuals to handle, and it can lead to serious financial difficulties.
However, if the car and the house are insured, the losses are shared with the insurance company. In the event of a loss, the insurance company pays a portion of the loss. The insured person will only have to pay the amount of the deductible, which is usually a small fraction of the total loss.
Therefore, insurance is a way of managing the risk of financial loss. Insurance companies offer protection against the possibility of loss, and they charge a premium for this protection. In the event of a loss, the insurance company shares the loss with the insured person.
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Growth that disproportionately expands a country's production possibilities in the direction of the good it exports is called A. foreign-biased growth. B. import-biased growth. C. domestic-biased growth. D. export-biased growth.
The correct answer is D. export-biased growth.
Export-biased growth refers to a form of economic expansion where a country experiences a disproportionately higher increase in its production possibilities in the direction of the goods it exports. In other words, the growth is skewed towards industries and sectors that are involved in the production of goods for export.
This type of growth has significant implications for a country's economy. When a nation focuses on expanding its export-oriented industries, it can benefit from increased foreign exchange earnings, improved trade balances, and enhanced competitiveness in the global market. Export-biased growth can lead to the development of specialized industries and the accumulation of technological capabilities that cater to international demand.
The expansion of export industries can also generate positive spillover effects on the domestic economy, such as increased employment opportunities, income growth, and infrastructure development. Additionally, export-biased growth can promote foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, as international investors are attracted to countries with strong export potential.
However, it is important to note that export-biased growth may also have some drawbacks. Over-reliance on a narrow range of export products can make an economy vulnerable to external shocks and fluctuations in global demand. It may also lead to neglecting the development of domestic industries, which could hinder the diversification of the economy and reduce its resilience.
In conclusion, export-biased growth refers to the expansion of a country's production possibilities primarily in the direction of its exports. While it can bring several benefits, careful consideration should be given to balancing export-oriented growth with the development of domestic industries to ensure long-term economic stability and sustainability.
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In your opinion, what are the decision motivations for developing or selling a hotel property? Summarize the due diligence process
Decision motivations for developing or selling a hotel property: Hotel development and sales decisions are generally influenced by a number of factors. The following are the decision motivations for developing or selling a hotel property Market forces and economic conditions are the first factor to consider when developing a hotel property.
The number of tourists, market demands, and economic factors all play a role in the decision to build or sell a hotel property.Competition is the second factor to consider when developing or selling a hotel property. A significant amount of competition in the hotel industry might be an indicator that new properties are required for specific niches, while an oversupply of rooms may indicate that development opportunities are less promising.Regulatory environment is the third factor to consider when developing or selling a hotel property. A developer should examine zoning restrictions and the legal requirements for construction projects in a certain region or area. The community and location of the property are also factors to consider.Internal factors of a company are the fourth factor to consider when developing or selling a hotel property. The company should have the capability to oversee and maintain the property. This will have an impact on whether or not the property is built or sold.Investment goals and objectives are the fifth factor to consider when developing or selling a hotel property.
Investment objectives are established in order to guide the investor's future activities, hence it is critical to define clear investment goals. Due Diligence Process: Determining the potential of the property, developing and implementing a plan, and ultimately closing the deal are all part of the due diligence process.The due diligence procedure comprises a comprehensive examination of all aspects of a property, from legal and financial issues to physical assessments. The following are the steps in the due diligence process: 1. Market research and feasibility study: Market analysis and feasibility study determine whether the hotel is viable. The market study examines the area's economic conditions, infrastructure, and the hotel's ability to compete.
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The articles of incorporation of XYZ Corporation provide, among other matters, for an authorized capital stock of P1,000,000.00 divided into 10,000 shares at P100.00 par value per share. Five thousand (5,000) shares have been subscribed at P100.00 per share of which 3,000 shares have been paid in full while 2,000 shares have been paid at 80% of the subscription price. Of the 3,000 shares paid in full, 100 shares were reacquired at par value.
The issued capital stock of the corporation is: ans: 500,000
The outstanding capital stock of the corporation is: ans: 490,000
The subscribed capital stock of the corporation is: ans:500,000
The issued capital stock of XYZ Corporation is P500,000, the outstanding capital stock is P490,000, and the subscribed capital stock is P500,000.
To calculate the issued, outstanding, and subscribed capital stock of XYZ Corporation, we can use the information provided:
Issued Capital Stock:
The issued capital stock represents the total number of shares that have been issued by the corporation. In this case, 5,000 shares have been subscribed, but we need to deduct the 100 shares that were reacquired.
Issued Capital Stock = Subscribed Shares - Reacquired Shares
Issued Capital Stock = 5,000 - 100
Issued Capital Stock = 4,900 shares
Since each share has a par value of P100, we can calculate the issued capital stock amount as follows:
Issued Capital Stock Amount = Issued Capital Stock * Par Value
Issued Capital Stock Amount = 4,900 * P100
Issued Capital Stock Amount = P490,000
Therefore, the issued capital stock of XYZ Corporation is P490,000.
Outstanding Capital Stock:
The outstanding capital stock represents the total number of shares that have been issued and are currently held by shareholders. Since there were no shares repurchased from the 5,000 subscribed shares, the outstanding capital stock will be the same as the issued capital stock:
Outstanding Capital Stock = Issued Capital Stock
Outstanding Capital Stock = P490,000
Therefore, the outstanding capital stock of XYZ Corporation is P490,000.
Subscribed Capital Stock:
The subscribed capital stock represents the total number of shares that have been subscribed by shareholders, regardless of whether they have been fully paid or not.
Subscribed Capital Stock = Subscribed Shares * Par Value
Subscribed Capital Stock = 5,000 * P100
Subscribed Capital Stock = P500,000
Therefore, the subscribed capital stock of XYZ Corporation is P500,000.
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Four years ago, Bling Diamond, Inc., paid a dividend of $2.05 per share. The company paid a dividend of $2.47 per share yesterday. Dividends will grow over the next five years at the same rate they grew over the last four years. Thereafter, dividends will grow at 5 percent per year.
What will the company’s cash dividend be in seven years?
The cash dividend for Bling Diamond Inc in seven years would be $4.48 per share.
Given that Four years ago, Bling Diamond, Inc., paid a dividend of $2.05 per share. The company paid a dividend of $2.47 per share yesterday. Dividends will grow over the next five years at the same rate they grew over the last four years. Thereafter, dividends will grow at 5 percent per year. To find the company's cash dividend after 7 years:
Calculating the dividends for the next 5 years:
The dividend growth rate in the last four years: $2.47 - $2.05 = $0.42 per share
Dividends for the next 5 years will grow at the same rate as the last four years.$2.47 + ($0.42 × 5) = $4.27 per share after 5 years
Calculating dividends after 7 years:
After 5 years, dividends will be $4.27 per share. The dividends for the next 2 years will grow at a rate of 5%. The first year's growth: $4.27 × 0.05 = $0.2135 per share
The second year's growth: $4.27 + $0.2135 = $4.4835 per share. The cash dividend for Bling Diamond Inc in seven years would be $4.48 per share.
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Quality is the ability of a product or service to consistently meet or exceed customer expectations. Quality also be measures by how good or bad something is. It's also referred to a characteristic of feature of someone or something. a) What Is Quality Management? (5 marks) b) Figure out \& explain four (4) dimensions of quality. (10 marks) c) Imagine you are the Manager for Pizza Hut Restaurant. What are the possible challenges with Service Quality at your restaurant?
Quality Management is a method that organizations use to maintain the quality of their products or services.
Quality management is a system that ensures that the quality of a product or service meets or exceeds customer expectations. It is an approach that ensures that the products or services delivered by an organization meet or exceed customer expectations, and it involves the entire organization.
b) Four dimensions of Quality
The four dimensions of quality are as follows:
Performance: It refers to the extent to which the product meets or exceeds the customer's expectations. It determines the product's capability to carry out its intended purpose.
Features: It is the additional value that a product provides. Features are the components of a product that make it unique, such as its design, appearance, or other attributes.
Reliability: Reliability is the degree to which a product or service performs consistently over time and under different conditions. It is the ability of a product to operate without failing.
Conformance: It refers to the degree to which a product or service meets or exceeds established industry standards. It involves evaluating the product's design, development, and production processes to ensure that it meets industry standards.
c) Possible challenges with Service Quality at Pizza Hut Restaurant
The following are the possible challenges with Service Quality at Pizza Hut Restaurant:
Long Wait Time: A long waiting time can cause a customer to lose patience, resulting in dissatisfaction. To avoid this, the restaurant should have enough staff to serve its customers efficiently.
Inadequate Staffing: Inadequate staffing can cause a delay in service and lead to a decrease in customer satisfaction.
Poor Customer Service: Poor customer service can lead to dissatisfaction among customers. The staff should be trained on how to interact with customers and provide excellent customer service.
Inconsistent Quality: Inconsistent quality can cause customers to lose confidence in the restaurant. Therefore, it's crucial to ensure consistency in the quality of food and service provided.
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Between 1970 and the present, research comparing similar wealthy countries found that increases in the money supply: a had little effect on prices. b caused large increases in real GDP. c caused large decreases in real GDP.
d and increases in the price level were roughly proportional.
Between 1970 and the present, research comparing similar wealthy countries found that increases in the money supply had little effect on prices. This suggests that changes in the money supply did not lead to significant inflationary pressures in these countries during this period.
Studies examining the relationship between money supply and prices have generally shown that the impact of monetary expansion on price levels is not substantial in the long run. Factors such as productivity growth, supply-side shocks, and changes in aggregate demand play more significant roles in determining price levels. While an increase in the money supply can influence economic activity and financial markets, its direct impact on prices has been found to be relatively limited.
Therefore, the research indicates that increases in the money supply during this period did not cause large increases in real GDP (option b) or large decreases in real GDP (option c). Additionally, the research suggests that the relationship between increases in the money supply and the price level was not roughly proportional (option d). The primary finding is that increases in the money supply had little effect on prices (option a).
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A 17-year, semiannual coupon bond sells for $1,008.82. The bond has a par value of $1,000 and a yield to maturity of 6.63 percent. What is the bond's coupon rate? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16) A stock has a beta of 0.90 and a reward-to-risk ratio of 5.95 percent. If the risk-free rate is 2.6 percent, what is the stock's expected return? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g. 32.16)
The bond's coupon rate is 3.32%. The stock's expected return is 5.34%.
The bond's coupon rate can be calculated using the following formula: coupon rate = (yield to maturity * par value) / (number of payments per year)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
coupon rate = (6.63% * $1,000) / (2) = $331.50
Dividing this amount by the bond's face value of $1,000, we get the bond's coupon rate of 3.32%.
The stock's expected return can be calculated using the following formula:
expected return = risk-free rate + beta * (reward-to-risk ratio)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
expected return = 2.6% + 0.90 * 5.95% = 5.34%
Therefore, the stock's expected return is 5.34%.
It is important to note that these are just estimates, and the actual return on the bond or stock could be higher or lower. The bond's return could be higher if interest rates fall, and the stock's return could be higher if the company's earnings increase.
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Discuss FOUR (4) ways on how gamification can boost business results. (150 word)
Gamification is the application of game elements and mechanics to non-gaming contexts and has gained prominence as a powerful tool for boosting business results.
The four ways in which gamification can boost business results:
Increased engagement: Gamification can help increase engagement by making tasks more fun and rewarding. This can lead to increased productivity, as well as a more positive work environment.Improved customer satisfaction: It can help improve customer satisfaction by providing a more personalized and engaging experience. This can lead to increased sales and loyalty.Improved performance: It can help to improve performance by providing clear goals and feedback. This can help employees focus their efforts and improve their skills.Reduced costs: Gamification can help to reduce costs by making training more efficient and effective. This can lead to a more productive workforce, which can save money in the long run.Thus, gamification can boost business results by increasing engagement, increasing performance, improving customer satisfaction, and reducing costs.
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Stock A has a beta of 1.6. Stock B has a beta of 0.9 and an expected return of 12 percent. If the risk- free rate is 2 percent and both stocks have equal reward-to-risk ratios, what is the expected return on stock A? 17.78 percent 21.33 percent None of the answers is correct. 14.50 percent 19.78 percent
The expected return on stock A is 14.50 percent. Given, The beta of stock A = 1.6The beta of stock B = 0.9The expected return of stock B = 12%Risk-free rate = 2%Reward-to-risk ratios of both stocks are equal.
We need to calculate the expected return of stock A. Now, the reward-to-risk ratio of stock B is; Reward-to-risk ratio of stock B = (expected return of stock B − risk-free rate)/beta of stock B = (12 − 2)/0.9 = 10/0.9 = 11.1111Now, the reward-to-risk ratio of stock A is the same as stock B because both have equal ratios. So, we can say that the reward-to-risk ratio of stock A = 11.1111.Now, we can use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to calculate the expected return of stock A.CAPM = risk-free rate + beta of stock A × (expected market return − risk-free rate)Since both stocks have equal reward-to-risk ratios, the expected market return is equal to the expected return of stock B. So, expected market return = expected return of stock B = 12%Now, substitute the given values in the above formula to get the expected return of stock A.14.50% = 2% + 1.6 × (12% − 2%)Therefore, the expected return on stock A is 14.50 percent.
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A UNO student wants to celebrate graduating and getting a job by spending $5,000 on a trip to Bali with his wife. He applies for and subsequently gets a "vacation loan" of $4,000 from UNO FCU. The bank offers an interest rate of 11% per year and the loan must be repaid in 5 equal annual payments. Construct his loan amortization schedule.
Amortization is the process of spreading out the cost of a loan over a set period of time with fixed payments. When a loan is taken, a schedule of payments is set up, the interest is calculated on the unpaid balance of the loan, and it decreases as the payments are made principal balance of $601.13.
Let us construct the amortization table below:
A UNO student borrows $4,000 from UNO FCU with an interest rate of 11 percent per year. They must make five equal annual payments to repay the loan. Let us find out the equal annual payment based on the formula below:
PV = P [ 1 - (1 + r)-n ] / r
Where,PV = Present ValueP = Paymentr = Interest raten = Number of payments
PV = 4,000P = ?r = 11% per yearn = 5 payments
Therefore,
P = $1,044.47 each year.Then let us compute the amortization schedule.
Loan amortization schedule for a UNO student loan:
$ $1,044.47$ $1,044.47$ $1,044.47$ $1,044.47$ $1,044.47
Principal $1,604.12 $1,959.54 $2,390.47 $2,901.35 $3,498.51
Interest $440.88 $85.46 $346.53 $465.65 $546.49
Balance $2,395.88 $2,040.46 $1,649.99 $1,098.64 $601.13
At the start of the loan, the student has $4,000 in principal, and they have to pay $1,044.47 per year for five years. For the first year, the interest on the loan is 11 percent of $4,000 or $440.88, leaving a principal balance of $1,604.12.
For each subsequent year, the principal payment is constant, but the interest payment decreases as the principal balance decreases. By the fifth and final payment, the student pays $546.49 in interest, leaving a remaining principal balance of $601.13.
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Consider the efficient market hypothesis which indicates that markets that have all information available are more efficient. What type of information efficiency does a market have that includes all public information but priviate information in companies still exists for insiders to exploit.
Semi-strong form efficiency
Weak form efficiency
None of the available choices provide this type of informational efficiency.
Strong form efficiency
According to the given scenario, the type of information efficiency that a market has that includes all public information but private information in companies still exists for insiders to exploit is Semi-strong form efficiency.
Efficient market hypothesis states that all the investors in the market have the same access to the information, hence it is not possible for anyone to make excess profits. As soon as any news is released in the market, it will be reflected in the market prices of the securities in an instant.So, all the participants have the same ability to access the information and hence there is no possibility of anyone having excess profits.
There are three forms of market efficiency namely:1. Strong form efficiency: It implies that all public as well as private information are reflected in the stock prices.2. Semi-strong form efficiency: It implies that all public information is reflected in the stock prices.3. Weak form efficiency: It implies that only past market information and prices are reflected in the stock prices.
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Julie wishes to draw down her Canada Pension retirement benefit early. If Julie were 65, her CPP retirement benefit would be $800 per month. How much will Julie receive per month if she draws down her pension starting at age 63? A $733 B $627 C $701 D $685
If Julie decides to draw down her Canada Pension retirement benefit early at age 63, the amount she will receive per month will be lower than the amount she would receive at age 65. However, to determine the exact amount, we need to consider the CPP reduction factor for early retirement.
The CPP reduction factor for early retirement is 0.6% per month prior to age 65, up to a maximum reduction of 36%. Since Julie wants to start drawing her pension at age 63, which is 24 months before age 65, the reduction in her benefit will be 24 times 0.6%, which is 14.4%.
To calculate Julie's monthly benefit at age 63:
$800 - (14.4% of $800) = $800 - ($115.20) = $684.80
Rounding to the nearest dollar, Julie will receive approximately $685 per month if she draws down her pension starting at age 63. Therefore, the closest option is (D) $685.
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QUESTION 23
Using the following data, calculate the Apple's CFFA Cashflow to creditors 67
Dividend paid 400
Net new equity-347
O a. 680
O b. 320
O c. 120
O d. None of the above
The answer options (a, b, c) accurately represent the calculated CFFA of $747. The correct answer is option D: None of the above.
To calculate Apple's Cash Flow to Creditors (CFFA), we need to consider the dividend paid and the net new equity.
CFFA = Dividend Paid - Net New Equity
Given the data provided:
Dividend Paid = $400
Net New Equity = -$347 (negative value indicates a decrease in equity)
CFFA = $400 - (-$347) = $400 + $347 = $747
Therefore, none of the given answer options (a, b, c) accurately represent the calculated CFFA of $747. The correct answer is option D: None of the above.
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Assume the market for one-bedroom apartments in a large city has the following demand and supply functions, where R is the monthly rent in dollars and Q is the number of one-bedroom apartments: Demand: R = 700 – Q Supply: R = 100 + 2Q Now suppose that the government imposes a rent ceiling of $400 per month. Draw a graph of the market. Be sure to fully and clearly label the graph, including the Supply and Demand curves (as D and S respectively), Equilibrium Quantity (Q*), Equilibrium Price (R*), Rent Ceiling (Rc), Quantity Demanded with the Rent Ceiling (Qdc) and Quantity Supplied with the rent ceiling (Qsc).
What are two unintended consequences of a rent ceiling, other than the obvious shortage of apartments?
Who benefits because of this price ceiling? Who is harmed?
What would be an alternate method to ensure that more renters could afford housing besides using a price ceiling?
Two unintended consequences of the rent ceiling are reduced quality of apartments and inefficient allocation of housing. The price ceiling benefits renters while landlords and potential renters who cannot find housing are harmed.
The graph of the market with the rent ceiling shows the demand curve (D) intersecting with the rent ceiling (Rc) at a point below the equilibrium price (R*). This intersection creates a new quantity demanded (Qdc) that is higher than the quantity supplied (Qsc), resulting in a shortage of apartments.
Two unintended consequences of the rent ceiling are reduced quality of apartments and inefficient allocation of housing. Landlords may have less incentive to maintain or improve the quality of their apartments due to reduced rent revenue. Additionally, the rent ceiling can lead to inefficient allocation of housing as it may not be based on the true market demand and supply equilibrium.
Renters who can secure an apartment below the rent ceiling benefit from the price ceiling as they pay a lower rent than they would have in the absence of the ceiling. However, landlords are harmed as they receive lower rental income, potentially leading to reduced maintenance and investment in housing. Moreover, potential renters who cannot find housing due to the shortage are also harmed.
An alternate method to ensure more renters can afford housing is by providing subsidies or housing vouchers to low-income renters. This approach directly targets those in need without distorting the market mechanisms. Subsidies can be targeted to individuals or families based on their income levels, allowing them to afford housing based on their specific financial circumstances, while maintaining the market equilibrium and incentivizing landlords to provide quality housing.
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Newton Insurer changes its property quota share reinsurance program from ABC Re to XYZ Re effective Jan. 1, 2020. One of Newton’s policyholder suffers a total loss at 2 AM Eastern time/ 11PM Pacific time on Jan.1 2020/Dec.31, 2019. The policyholder is located in California. Explain whether the old or the new treaty would respond to this loss.
To determine whether the old or new treaty would respond to the loss, we need to consider the effective date and time of the change in the property quota share reinsurance program from ABC Re to XYZ Re.
In this case, the effective date of the change is Jan. 1, 2020. The loss occurred at 2 AM Eastern time/11 PM Pacific time on Jan. 1, 2020/Dec. 31, 2019.
Since the loss occurred after the effective date of the change, which is Jan. 1, 2020, the new treaty with XYZ Re would be in effect at the time of the loss. Therefore, the new treaty with XYZ Re would respond to this loss.
It's important to note that the specific terms and conditions of the reinsurance treaty would also need to be considered to determine the coverage and response to the loss, as they may vary between the old and new treaties.
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Portfolio C is the minimum variance portfolio (MVP).
A more risk-averse investor will prefer portfolios on the left side of the efficient frontier.
Portfolios A, B, and D are attainable, but C is not.
Portfolios on the upper segment above C dominate those on the bottom segment below C.
The statements provided relate to the concepts of portfolio theory and the efficient frontier. Let's break down each statement:
Portfolio C is the minimum variance portfolio (MVP): The minimum variance portfolio is the portfolio with the lowest level of risk or volatility among all possible portfolios. It represents the optimal combination of assets that minimizes the portfolio's overall risk.
A more risk-averse investor will prefer portfolios on the left side of the efficient frontier: The efficient frontier is a graph that plots the risk (standard deviation) of a portfolio against its expected return. Portfolios on the left side of the efficient frontier have lower levels of risk for a given level of return. Risk-averse investors prefer portfolios with lower risk, so they would prefer portfolios on the left side of the efficient frontier.
Portfolios A, B, and D are attainable, but C is not: Attainable portfolios are those that can be constructed using the available assets in the investment universe. If portfolios A, B, and D are attainable, it means they can be created using the available assets, while portfolio C cannot be constructed.
Portfolios on the upper segment above C dominate those on the bottom segment below C: Dominance in this context refers to the comparison of portfolios based on their risk-return characteristics. Portfolios on the upper segment above C have higher expected returns for the same level of risk compared to portfolios on the bottom segment below C. In other words, they offer a better risk-return trade-off.
It's important to note that these statements are general principles based on portfolio theory and the efficient frontier. The specific preferences of an investor may vary based on their individual risk tolerance, investment goals, and other factors.
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Which of the following factors favors concentrating production in a centralized location?
A) Volatility in important exchange rates is expected.
B) The product's value-to-weight ratio is low.
C) Trade barriers are high.
D) The product serves universal needs.
E) Location externalities are not important.
Which of the following factors favors concentrating production in a centralized location? E) Location externalities are not important.
Concentrating production in a centralized location is favored when location externalities are not important. Location externalities refer to the external factors or benefits that are associated with a specific location, such as access to resources, transportation networks, skilled labor, or proximity to markets.
If location externalities are not significant or do not have a substantial impact on production, it becomes more feasible and advantageous to concentrate production in a centralized location. This allows for economies of scale, streamlined logistics, and cost efficiency.
Let's review the other options to understand why they do not favor concentrating production in a centralized location:
A) Volatility in important exchange rates is expected: This factor may favor decentralizing production or diversifying production across multiple locations to mitigate risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations.B) The product's value-to-weight ratio is low: If a product has a low value-to-weight ratio, it may be more cost-effective to produce it closer to the market or in multiple locations to reduce transportation costs.C) Trade barriers are high: High trade barriers may necessitate decentralization or diversification of production to overcome trade restrictions and access different markets.D) The product serves universal needs: If the product serves universal needs, it may be more efficient to have production facilities located near the target markets to ensure timely delivery and better cater to local preferences.In conclusion, the factor that favors concentrating production in a centralized location is when location externalities are not important.
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Suppose an organization has a strong capability to reduce defects and you wish to employ that capability to help develop sustainable practices. Identify the actions below that might work well with defect-reduction approaches.
Group of answer choices
Focus on what customers and stakeholders do not like related to sustainability issues.
Choose what to improve based on how much the qualities related to sustainability issues build customer satisfaction.
Choose what to improve based on customer value (benefits/cost) of attributes related to sustainability issues
Choose what to improve based on cost savings from addressing sustainability issues.
Use sustainability issues to build brand value.
Use sustainability to build retention and loyalty.
Use sustainability to promote the organization’s image.
Build standards, regulations and accounting systems to ensure compliance, and to provide managerial information to support better decision making related to sustainability issues that can reduce stakeholder feelings of dissatisfaction.
Use sustainability concepts to identify new defects to remove.
Use sustainability concepts to identify new customer groups.
The actions that might work well with defect-reduction approaches are
Choose what to improve based on cost savings from addressing sustainability issues; Use sustainability issues to build brand value; Use sustainability to build retention and loyalty; Use sustainability to promote the organization’s image; Build standards, regulations, and accounting systems to ensure compliance and provide managerial information to support better decision making related to sustainability issues that can reduce stakeholder feelings of dissatisfaction; Use sustainability concepts to identify new customer groups; and Use sustainability concepts to identify new defects to remove.An organization with a strong capability to reduce defects can employ that capability to help develop sustainable practices in a variety of ways. The actions below that might work well with defect-reduction approaches are:
Choose what to improve based on cost savings from addressing sustainability issues: The organization can choose the initiative to improve based on the cost savings from addressing sustainability issues.Use sustainability issues to build brand value: It is an excellent approach to employ the organization's capability to reduce defects and help develop sustainable practices.Use sustainability to build retention and loyalty: It is an effective approach to employ the organization's capability to reduce defects and help develop sustainable practices.Use sustainability to promote the organization’s image: It is a way to employ the organization's capability to reduce defects and help develop sustainable practices.Build standards, regulations, and accounting systems to ensure compliance and provide managerial information to support better decision making related to sustainability issues that can reduce stakeholder feelings of dissatisfaction: It is an excellent approach to employ the organization's capability to reduce defects and help develop sustainable practices by building standards, regulations, and accounting systems.Use sustainability concepts to identify new customer groups: It is a way to employ the organization's capability to reduce defects and help develop sustainable practices.Use sustainability concepts to identify new defects to remove: It is an excellent approach to employ the organization's capability to reduce defects and help develop sustainable practices by using sustainability concepts to identify new defects to remove.Learn more about Sustainability:
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Tesla is undergoing a major expansion. The expansion will be financed by issuing new 20-year, $1,000 par, 6% annual coupon bonds. The market price of the bonds is $1,040 each. Tesla's flotation expense on the new bonds will be $24 per bond. Tesla's marginal tax rate is 35%. What is the relevant cost of debt for the newly-issued bonds?
a. 5.66%
b. 3.81%
c. 3.68%
d. 5.86%
To calculate the relevant cost of debt for the newly-issued bonds, we need to consider the coupon rate, flotation expense, market price, and the marginal tax rate.
First, let's calculate the after-tax cost of debt using the formula:
After-tax cost of debt = (Coupon payment - Flotation expense) * (1 - Tax rate) / Market price
Coupon payment = Coupon rate * Par value
Coupon payment = 6% * $1,000 = $60
After-tax cost of debt = ($60 - $24) * (1 - 0.35) / $1,040
After-tax cost of debt = $36 * 0.65 / $1,040
After-tax cost of debt = $23.40 / $1,040
After-tax cost of debt ≈ 0.0225 or 2.25%
The relevant cost of debt for the newly-issued bonds is approximately 2.25%.
Therefore, none of the provided answer choices (a. 5.66%, b. 3.81%, c. 3.68%, d. 5.86%) is correct.
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The Swiss company Nestlé S.A. is by the far the largest fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) company with almost 94 billion USD in revenues as reported in 2018. The company operates in over 150 countries, owns 2000 brands and employs nearly 300,000 employees globally. Nestle's mission statement is "to provide consumers with the best tasting, most nutritious choices in a wide range of food and beverage categories and eating occasions, from morning to night". One of the top selling brands for Nestle is "Nescafe", a brand that was introduced in 1938. "Nescafe" dominates the world's instant coffee market, sold in over 180 countries and with a commanding market leadership in almost every major consumer territory. Despite of all such success, Nestle never loses sight of their customer. For example after the global recession hit the world, Nestle released value packages for their consumers, which reduced the cost of product packaging and allowed for a price reduction for their price sensitive customers. In another occasion when people concern for health and wellness started gaining momentum, Nestle increased its investments in healthy snacks and introduced a new brand called "Fitness" in 2015. The brand started achieving incredibly high sales in a growing market and in a very short time. Nestle feared customers and citizen's concern over sustainability could affect their business, especially after being recognized as the world's second most plastic polluter, so they started cutting on plastic consumption. Still the company's ambition doesn't have a celling and this led to Nestle's expansion in new industries such as coffee machines, as well as acquiring shares in L'Oreal a company that owns fashion brands such as Giorgio Armani and Ralph Lauren. In light of the previous case, answer the following questions: 1. Analyze Nestle' mission statement and state your opinion. 2. Identify the market trends mentioned in the case, supporting your answer with evidence. 3. Determine Nestle's marketing orientation and justify your answer. 4. Analyze environmental forces mentioned in the case. 5. Compare between "Nescafe" and "fitness" based on the BCG matrix. 6. Mention the market expansion strategy(ies) used by Nestle according to Ansoff matrix.
Nestle, the Swiss FMCG company, is known for its wide range of food and beverage brands and global presence. Its mission statement focuses on providing consumers with nutritious choices throughout the day.
1. Nestle's mission statement focuses on providing consumers with the best tasting and nutritious choices across various food and beverage categories. It emphasizes catering to different eating occasions throughout the day. The mission statement reflects Nestle's commitment to consumer satisfaction and product excellence.
2. The case mentions several market trends. Nestle introduced value packages during the global recession to address price sensitivity among customers. It invested in healthy snacks with the launch of the "Fitness" brand to meet the growing demand for health and wellness products. Additionally, Nestle responded to sustainability concerns by cutting plastic consumption, acknowledging the rising importance of environmental consciousness.
3. Nestle's marketing orientation can be considered customer-oriented. The company's actions, such as releasing value packages and investing in healthy snacks, demonstrate a focus on understanding and meeting customer needs. Nestle's ability to adapt its products and strategies to changing consumer demands suggests a customer-centric approach.
4. Environmental forces play a significant role in Nestle's decision-making. The case mentions concerns over sustainability and plastic pollution, prompting Nestle to reduce plastic consumption. Consumer concerns regarding health and wellness have also influenced Nestle's investments in healthy snacks and the launch of the "Fitness" brand. These environmental forces have shaped Nestle's strategies and actions.
5. Based on the BCG matrix, "Nescafe" can be classified as a cash cow. It is a well-established brand that dominates the instant coffee market, indicating high market share and stable profitability. On the other hand, "Fitness" can be considered a star. It achieved high sales in a growing market for healthy snacks, indicating both high market share and potential for further growth.
6. Nestle has employed multiple market expansion strategies according to the Ansoff matrix. The company expanded into new industries by venturing into coffee machines. This can be categorized as diversification, as Nestle entered a new market with new products. Additionally, acquiring shares in L'Oreal, a company with fashion brands, represents a form of market development, as Nestle extended its presence into a related market segment.
Overall, Nestle's mission statement, market trends, marketing orientation, response to environmental forces, brand analysis, and market expansion strategies illustrate the company's adaptability and focus on meeting customer needs in a changing business landscape.
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2 FARO Technologies, whose products include portable 3D measurement equipment, recently had 35 million shares outstanding trading at $30 a share. Suppose the company announces its intention to raise $
FARO Technologies is an organization that creates and produces portable 3D measurement equipment. As of now, it had 35 million offers extraordinary that were exchanging at $30 per share.
The company needs to raise $120 million by giving more offers to the general population. In any case, the value that the company can get by selling shares relies upon various components like market interest, the general economic situation, and financial specialists' expectations.The market interest and the general financial state can prompt the stock's cost to rise or fall. On the off chance that the market is doing great, financial specialists are probably going to put resources into the stock, which will drive up the price.
In any case, if the general economic situation is poor, there might be a decrease in interest, which can prompt a decrease in share cost. Additionally, the investor's expectations of the future performance of the organization will also influence the stock cost. An investor may expect a higher return on investment on the off chance that the organization has strong performance history and prospects. Thus, the share's cost will be higher if there are high expectations from the investors.
The estimation of the organization's offers after the declaration will rely upon the overall market interest, the financial situation, and investor expectations. In the event that the market interest for the company's offers is high, the organization will get more cash by selling shares. Additionally, if the general economic situation is great, financial specialists may put resources into the organization's offers, which will prompt a rise in share prices. Then again, if the economy is weak, there may be low demand for the shares, which will prompt a decrease in the offer price. Finally, the investors' expectations of the organization's performance will also impact the stock price. If the organization has a strong past performance and prospects for growth, the investors will have high expectations from the shares, which will prompt a rise in share prices. The shares' cost will be higher if investors are more certain about the organization's prospects.
In conclusion, the estimation of FARO Technologies' shares will rely upon various components like market interest, the overall financial situation, and investors' expectations.
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FILL THE BLANK. "Push strategy involves building ___ by focusing
promotional activities toward the ___.
Group of answer choices
retailer loyalty; channel partners
brand loyalty; consumer sales
agent loyalty; manufactu"
"Push strategy involves building brand loyalty by focusing promotional activities toward the consumer sales."
This approach aims to incentivize intermediaries to actively promote and sell the brand's products, ensuring wider availability and visibility in the market.
In a push strategy, the primary goal is to "push" products or services through the distribution channel to reach the end consumers. This approach involves directing promotional efforts towards intermediaries in the channel, such as retailers or wholesalers, to encourage them to promote and sell the products to consumers.
The focus of push strategy is to build brand loyalty among the channel partners. By providing incentives, trade promotions, training, and support to the intermediaries, companies aim to encourage them to actively promote and sell their products. This helps in creating a strong partnership and loyalty between the brand and the channel partners.
The ultimate aim of building brand loyalty through push strategy is to influence the intermediaries to stock and promote the brand's products, thus ensuring wider availability and visibility to the target consumers.
The channel partners play a crucial role in pushing the products to the market, and by establishing brand loyalty with them, companies can effectively reach the end consumers and drive sales.
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Five years ago your grandfather purchased for you a 25-year $1,000 bond with a coupon rate of 8 percent. You now wish to sell the bond and read that yields are 6 percent. What price should you receive for the bond? Assume that the bond pays interest annually. Use Appendix B and Appendix D to answer the question. Round your answer to the nearest dollar
Given data:Face value of the bond = $1000Coupon rate = 8%Years to maturity = 25 yearsSelling yield = 6%Annual interest payment = Coupon rate * Face value = 8% * $1000 = $80Selling price of the bond can be calculated by using the below formula:
PV = Annual interest payment * PVIFA + Redemption value * PVIFHere,PVIFA = Present value interest factor of an annuityPVIF = Present value interest factorPVIFA = [1 - 1/(1 + r)^n]/rPVIF = 1/(1 + r)^nwhere,r = Interest rate = 6%n = Years to maturity = 25 yearsCoupon payment is received annually, therefore, n = 25 yearsPVIFA = [1 - 1/(1 + r)^n]/r= [1 - 1/(1 + 0.06)^25]/0.06= 13.1839PVIF = 1/(1 + r)^n= 1/(1 + 0.06)^25= 0.2344Now,Putting the values in the formula:PV = Annual interest payment * PVIFA + Redemption value * PVIFPV = $80 * 13.1839 + $1000 * 0.2344PV = $1054.71Therefore, the selling price of the bond should be $1055 (nearest dollar).
Note:If the selling price of the bond is more than the face value of the bond i.e., PV > Face value, then it is selling at premium.If the selling price of the bond is less than the face value of the bond i.e., PV < Face value, then it is selling at discount.If the selling price of the bond is equal to the face value of the bond i.e., PV = Face value, then it is selling at par.
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