The only way increase the buffer capacity is to increase the total concentration of the system (conjugated acid + base).
What is buffer capacity?
The buffer capacity can be defined as the amount of strong base needed to change the pH of 1 liter of solution by 1 pH unit.
To increase buffer capacity to modify buffer solution-
The buffer capacity of a buffer, consisting of a weak acid and its conjugated base is given by the following equation:
π=㏑ 10 [{H⁺} + K ÷ H⁺ + CKα [H⁺] ÷ [H⁺] + Kα]
With [H^+] the concentration of the H^+ ion ; C the total buffer concentration (i.e. acid + conjugated base) and Kα the acidity constant.
It is clear from this equation that the buffer capacity is directly proportional to the concentration.
So the only way increase the buffer capacity is to increase the total concentration of the system (conjugated acid + base).
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What are the products of hydrolysis when the polypeptide is treated with chymotrypsin?
The products of hydrolysis when the polypeptide is treated with chymotrypsin are endo-peptidases.
What is chymotrypsin?Chymotrypsin is a digestive enzyme that breaks down protein in the form of small intestine .This enzyme is a substance that speeds up certain chemical reactions in the body.
A digestive enzyme is a specialized protein that breaks down the substances in the digestive tract by catalyzing biochemical reactions.
The chymotrypsin active site consists of aspartic acid, serine, and histidine amino acid residues.
Chymotrypsin works primarily due to its hydrophobic pocket in the active site.
Products of hydrolysis when the polypeptide is treated with chymotrypsin are endo-peptidases.
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A doubly charged ion with velocity 6. 9 × 106 m/s moves in a path of radius 30 cm in a magnetic field of 0. 80 t in a mass spectrometer. what is the mass of this ion?
The mass of this ion is 1.16*10^-26kg.
To find the answer, we have to know about the force acting on a particle circulating in a uniform magnetic field.
How to find the mass of this ion?Let us consider that, a particle of mass m with charge q moving with velocity v in a circular orbit of radius r, then the centripetal force of it's path will be equal to the Lorentz magnetic force.[tex]F_c=F_B\\\frac{mv^2}{r} =qvB\\[/tex]
Thus, the mass of the doubly charged ion will be,[tex]m=\frac{qBr}{v} =\frac{2*1.67*10^{-19}*0.8*30*10^{-2}}{6.9*10^6} \\m=1.16*10^{-26}kg[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that, the mass of this ion is 1.16*10^-26kg.
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How many half-lives have passed in a sample that originally contained 5000 parent isotopes but now has only 625?
Answer:
3 half lives
Explanation:
5000 * (1/2)^n = 625 where n = number of half lives
log ( 625/5000) / log(1/2) = n = 3
5000 2500 1250 625
Increased total serum lactic dehydrogenase (LD) activity, confined to fractions 4 and 5 is most likely to be associated with: A. Pulmonary infarction B. Hemolytic anemia C. Myocardial infarction D. Acute viral hepatitis
D.Acute Viral Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver caused by infection with one of the five hepatitis viruses
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Why are ionic compounds like NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, PbBr2 (etc.non conductors in the solid state but conductors in aqueous solution?
Explanation:
if its the same compound what happened to make it different?
they were put in water
lot of those compounds have Cl in them making them salts
NaCl is Sodium Chloride which is regular table salt
In water, the sodium atoms and chlorine atoms separate
They move around in the water as positively and negatively charged ions.
This separation of charge allows the solution to conduct electricity.
britannica
A solution is made by dissolving 6.93 grams of lead(II) nitrate into about 50 mL of water. The volume is then precisely brought up to 100 mL and the solution is saved as stock solution. A 50.0 mL aliquot* of this stock solution is then titrated with 0.222 M sodium phosphate. What would be the minimum number of milliliters (mL) of the the phosphate solution that are needed to completely precipitate (knock out) all the lead in this aliquot? (tolerance is ±0.1 mL)
6.32mL of phosphate solution is needed to completely neutralize the lead in this reaction.
What is a neutralization reaction?A neutralization reaction is defined as the reaction between an strong acid and strong base to produce a salt and water.
The process of the reacting given volume of acids or bases for the determination of the concentration or volume of the acid or base which is required for neutralization is known as titration in volumetric analysis.
The formula used to determine the volume of the acid is given below:
(Ca × Va) /(Cb × Vb) = Na/Nb
where,
where Ca is the concentration of lead nitrate
Cb is the concentration of sodium phosphate
Va is the volume of lead nitrate
Vb is the volume of sodium phosphate
Na is the moles of lead nitrate
Nb is the moles of sodium phosphate
Concentration of lead nitrate = m/V
= 6.931/(0.1 × 331.2)
= 0.0281 M
Ca = 0.222M
Cb = 0.0281M
Na = Nb = 1
Va = ( 0.0281 × 50) /0.222
= 6.32 mL.
Thus, 6.32mL of phosphate solution is needed to completely neutralize the lead in this reaction.
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Write an equation that gives the relationship between the cross-sectional area (a), the volume (v), and the thickness of a cylinder.
What type of reactive intermediate is formed in the reaction of an alkene with br2 and water?
Cyclic bromonium ion is the reactive intermediate that is formed in the reaction of an alkene with br2 and water. the correct answer is option(d).
A reactive intermediate is a highly reactive, high-energy, brief-lived molecule that, when produced in a chemical reaction, will swiftly transform into a stable molecule. They may occasionally be divided and stored. For instance, low temperatures and Matrix Isolation. Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes, and benzyne are six different categories of reaction intermediates. These intermediaries are frequently produced when a chemical substance is chemically broken down.
Reactive intermediates can be used to explain the process of a chemical reaction. Reactive intermediates are high-energy, stable products that are present only in one of the intermediate phases of most chemical reactions, which typically involve more than one elementary step.
The complete question is:
What type of reactive intermediate is formed in the reaction of an alkene with Br2 and water to give a bromohydrin?
a.carbocation
b.carbanion
c.radical
d.cyclic bromonium ion
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2C6H6(g) + 15O2(g) = 12CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)
2.0 moles C6H6 reacts with oxygen according to the reaction above. What volume of water vapor forms at STP?
At STP, the volume of water that is produced is 134.4 L.
What is the volume?Now we know that the equation of the reaction is;
2C6H6(g) + 15O2(g) = 12CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)
We can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to determine the volume of the water produced as follows;
2 mole of C6H6 produced 6 moles of water. If 1 mole of water occupies 22.4 L then 6 moles of water will occupy 6 * 22.4 L = 134.4 L
Thus, we can see that at STP, the volume of water that is produced is 134.4 L.
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What is the molar mass of aluminum sulfate? 278.0 g/mol 315.2 g/mol 306.2 g/mol 123.0 g/mol 342.2 g/mol
The molar mass of aluminum sulfate is 342.2 g/mol.
The molar mass of aluminium sulfate Al₂(SO₄)₃, will be equal to the sum of the molar masses of all the atoms that make up a mole of this compound.
From (Al₂(SO₄)₃, 1 mole of aluminum sulfate contains;
two moles of aluminum, 2xAl
three moles of sulfur, 3xS
twelve moles of oxygen, 3x4x0
From periodic table, the molar mass of aluminum, sulfur and oxygen is;
Al= 26.981538 g mol⁻¹
S= 32.065 g mol⁻¹
O=14.9994 g mol⁻¹
To find molar mass of aluminum sulfate we need to do
2xMmAl+3xMmS+12XMmO
2X26.981538 g mol⁻¹+3X32.065 g mol⁻¹+12X15.9994 g mol⁻¹
This will give Mm Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 342.150876 g mol⁻¹
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1. There are 42 grams of sugar (C12H22O11) in a can of pop (342mL). Use this information (where necessary) to answer the following questions:
a) How many moles of sugar are there in the pop (3 marks)?
b) If a mole of sugar costs 90 cents, what is the value of the sugar in a can of pop (3 marks)?
c) How many particles of sugar are there in the pop (3 marks)?
The number of sugar particles is 7.4 * 10^22 particles.
What is the mole?The mole is used to describe the amount of substance. The idea was first introduced by Professor Avogadro and the number of particles that constitute one mole of a substance was said to be 6.02 * 10^23 particles in a mole.
Thus;
Molar mass of sugar = 342 g/mol
Number of moles of sugar = 42 grams/342 g/mol = 0.123 moles
Now;
If 1 mole of sugar costs 90 cents
0.123 moles of sugar costs 0.123 moles * 90 cents/1 mole
= 11 cents
Now we know that;
1 mole of sugar contains 6.02 * 10^23 particles
0.123 moles of sugar contains 0.123 moles * 6.02 * 10^23 particles / 1 mole
= 7.4 * 10^22 particles
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Calculate the number of atoms in a 5.31 x 10³ g sample of sodium.
number of atoms:
Answer:
no of atoms = 13.9 x 10^25
Explanation:
No. of moles = mass of compound / molar mass of compound
As ; mass of sodium = 5.3 x 10^3 g
Molar mass of sodium = 22.9 g/ mol
putting values
n = 5.3 x 10^3 / 22.9
n = 231.4 mol
Also; no of mol (n) = no of particles / Avagadros number
so no of particles = n x Avagadros no.
put n = 231.4 and Avagadros no = 6.023 x 10^23
no of particles = 231.4 x 6.023 x 10^23
= 13.9 x 10^25
chlorine + sulfur dioxide + water = hydrochloric acid + sulfuric acid
The given example is a chemical reaction.
The contents (separated as reactants and products) :
[tex]\begin{tabular}{c | l}Reactants & Products \\\cline{1-2}Chlorine & Sulfuric Acid \\Water & Hydrochloric Acid \\Sulfur Dioxide & \\\end{tabular}[/tex]
The written reaction is :
[tex]\boxed {Cl + SO_{2} + H_{2}O \implies HCl + H_{2}SO{4}}[/tex]
I hope it helped you solve the problem.
Good luck on your studies!
What mass of kcl in grams must be added to 500 ml of a 0. 15 m kcl solution to produce a 0. 40 m solution.
91.4 grams mass of KCl is required.
Concentration = moles/Volume
2.45M=mol/0.5L
2.45M⋅0.5L=mol
mol=1.225
Convert no. of moles to grams using the atomic mass of K + Cl
1.225mol⋅(39.1+35.5)/gmol
1.225mol⋅74.6g
mol=1.225⋅74.6g = 91.4g
What is Concentration?The formula for determining concentration from moles and volume is pretty straightforward. Simply divide the volume of solution by the moles of solute.The number of moles of a component divided by the sum of the moles in the solution is what is known as a mole fraction, which is a unit of concentration. Mole fraction is a unit-free expression because it represents a ratio.To learn more about concentrations, refer to the given link:
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Balance the equation in acidic conditions. phases are optional. equation: cu no_{3}^{-} -> cu^{2 } no cu no−3⟶cu2 no
Cu + 2NO₃⁻ + 4H⁺ → Cu⁺² + 2NO₂ + 2H₂O this is the balanced chemical equation in acidic medium.
What is Balanced Chemical Equation ?The balanced chemical equation is the equation in which the number of atoms on the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms on the product side in an equation.
Now write the given equation
Cu + NO₃⁻ → Cu⁺² + NO₂
Here we can see that all atoms other than O and H are balanced.
In the given equation oxidation number of Cu changes from 0 to +2.
In the given equation oxidation number of N changes from 5 to 4.
Now multiply by 2 with NO₃⁻ and NO₂.
Cu + 2NO₃⁻ → Cu⁺² + 2NO₂
Now ad the water molecules in right hand side to balanced the O atoms.
Cu + 2NO₃⁻ → Cu⁺² + 2NO₂ + 2H₂O
Now add 4H⁺ on the left hand side to balance the H atoms.
Cu + 2NO₃⁻ + 4H⁺ → Cu⁺² + 2NO₂ + 2H₂O
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Cu + 2NO₃⁻ + 4H⁺ → Cu⁺² + 2NO₂ + 2H₂O this is the balanced chemical equation in acidic medium.
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Unless otherwise instructed, you may use the periodic table in the Chemistry: Problems and Solutions
book for this test.
Which series of atomic numbers represents the ordering of consecutive elements within the periodic table?
O 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
O 1, 3, 5, 7, ...
O 10, 20, 30, 40, ...
O 2, 4, 8, 16, ...
The sequence of atomic numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 denotes the periodic table's ordering of following elements.
What purpose do series serve?Series are significant because they offer a possible point of entry. It's possible for a user to merely be aware of the fact that a publication is part of a specific series or to be searching for all publications in that series without being aware of any of the individual titles. The series could potentially be used as a storage and control system.
A series element is what?There are two ways to recognize elements in a series: The elements are in series if there are two and only two connections between them and a single node. When two elements' currents are determined to be similar by KCL at a node, the elements are in series.
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According to the iupac convention, alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in which order?
According to the iupac convention, alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in alphabetical without taking prefixes into name.
A hydrocarbon would be an organic molecule in organic chemistry that is made completely of hydrogen as well as carbon. A good example of group 14 hydrides includes hydrocarbons. In general, hydrocarbons lack color and are hydrophobic. Typically, their faint smells are compared to that of gasoline and lighter fluid.
The longest unbroken carbon chain should be found and named.Name the groups that make up this chain but instead identify them.Beginning at the end of the chain closest to a substituent group, fraction the chain sequentially.Give each substituent group a corresponding number but also name to indicate its placement.Therefore, according to the iupac convention, alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in alphabetical without taking prefixes into name.
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Fluids used for an intravenous transfusion must be ________ with bodily fluids. group of answer choices isosmotic hyperosmotic hyposmotic neosmotic magnosmotic
Fluids used for an intravenous fluid transfusion must be isosmotic with bodily fluids.
Intravenous fluids, sometimes abbreviated as "IV fluids," are liquids that are administered to replace water, sugar, and salt that you may need if you're ill or having surgery and are unable to eat or drink regularly. Through a drip, Intravenous fluids are administered directly into a vein.
In order to treat or prevent dehydration, Intravenous fluids are carefully prepared liquids that are injected into a vein. They are applied to patients of all ages who are ill, hurt, becoming dehydrated from physical activity or the heat, or who are having surgery. Rehydrating intravenously is a straightforward, risk-free treatment that is frequently used.
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What type of interaction occurs between the r groups of valine and isoleucine in a tertiary structure? hydrogen bond salt bridge disulfide bridge hydrophobic interaction
The type of interaction occurs between the r groups of valine and isoleucine in a tertiary structure will be "hydrophobic interaction".
The only factor responsible for the hydrophobic attraction connecting molecules or particles submerged in water would be the AB free energy of cohesiveness between both the water molecules. Regardless of whether the molecules as well as, particles are submerged in water or not, this interaction always exists.
The entire three-dimensional configuration of a protein's polypeptide chain in space is referred to as the protein's tertiary structure. It is typically stabilized through interactions between the side chains of nonpolar amino acids with externally polar hydrophilic hydrogen as well as ionic bonds.
Therefore, the type of interaction occurs between the r groups of valine and isoleucine in a tertiary structure will be "hydrophobic interaction".
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Sample Response: The change in her position (from beginning to end), along with the direction, is considered her displacement. This value is a measurement and a direction. The total distance along the path from her starting point to her end point is considered her distance. This value is a measurement only. What did you include in your response? Check all that apply.
The sample response given in the question is right. Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final points of a body. Distance is the length of actual path of the body between initial and final positions.
To find the answer, we need to know more about the distance and displacement.
How distance differ from displacement?Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final points of a body.It is the change in position with a fixed direction.Displacement is a vector quantity and can be positive, negative or zero values.Distance is the length of actual path of the body between initial and final positions.It's a scalar quantity and it can be positive or zero.The magnitude of displacement is less than or equal to the distance travelled.Thus, we can conclude that the given sample response is right.
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A 200 mL sample of oxygen is
collected over water at 30 oC and
850 mmHg pressure. What is the
pressure of the dry oxygen gas
only? (The vapor pressure of water
at 30 oC is 24. 5 mm Hg)
Answer:
825.5 mm
Explanation:
850 mm is the total pressure of the two gases....subtract the water vapor pressure and the remainder is due to the oxygen
850-24.5 = 825.5 mm
A mixture of three gases, A, B and C, is at a total pressure of 6.11 atm. The partial
pressure of gas A is 1.68 atm; that of gas B; is 3.89 atm. What is the partial pressure
of gas C?
2.13 atm
2.21 atm
5.57 atm
0.54 atm
The partial pressure of gas C is 0.54atm. The correct option is D.
What is partial pressure?The pressure that one of the gases in a mixture would exert if it were in the same volume on its own.
The total pressure of A, B and C is 6.11 atm.
The partial pressure of A is 1.68 atm
The partial pressure of B is 3.89 atm.
Total pressure = sum of partial pressures of all the gasses in that mixture
6.11atm = 1.68atm + 3.89atm + Pc
Pc = 6.11atm - (1.68 + 3.89) = 0.54atm
Thus, the partial pressure of C is 0.54atm. The correct option is D.
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The nuclear reactor in Japan had an accident in 2011 when it was hit by an earthquake. The reactor exploded and released a great deal of damaging radiation. Where did the energy for the explosion come from?
A. The nucleus of an atom.
B. The nucleus of a cell.
C. The radiation waves.
D. The radiation particles.
The nuclear reactor in Japan had an accident in 2011 when it was hit by an earthquake. The reactor exploded and released a great deal of damaging radiation. The energy for the explosion comes from option(a) i.e, The nucleus of an atom.
An explosion is a sudden increase in volume accompanied by a very strong energy release that usually results in the production of high temperatures and the release of high-pressure gases. High explosive detonations produce supersonic explosions that move through shock waves.
The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, which occurred on March 11, 2011, and was the most violent earthquake ever recorded in Japan, were the direct causes of the nuclear tragedy. The nuclear power facility was damaged by the strong tsunami that the earthquake caused, which had waves that were 13 to 14 meters high.
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A legal right to use the property owned by someone else in a specified manner is known as an?
Answer:
I believe as sharing bit
Answer:
easement
Explanation:
This is the definition of 'easement' .
A 5.00 g sample of hydrated sodium tetraborate, Na2B4O7 x nH2O is heated to drive off the water. After heating, 2.64 g of anhydrous Na2B4O7 reasons. What is the value of "n" in the hydrate formula
The value of ''n" in the hydrate formula is 10
Moles of anhydrous sodium tetraborate:Mass of anhydrous NA2B4O7 = 2.64g
Molar mass of NA2B4O7 = 201.224 g/mol
Number of Moles of anhydrous NA2B4O7 = Mass of NA2B4O7 / Molar mass of NA2B4O7
= 2.64 / 201.224
= 0.0131 mol
Mass of water in 5.00g of NA2B4O7 = 5.00 - 2.64
= 2.36 g
Moles of water = 2.36 / 18.015
= 0.1307 mol
The whole number ratio = moles of water / moles of anhydrous sodium tetra borate
= 0.1307 / 0.0131
The whole number ratio = 10
Hence the value of n in the hydrate formula is 10.
NA2B4O7. 10H2O
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One means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel is _____. group of answer choices
Uranium,means of enriching the percentage of uranium-235 for use as nuclear fuel. The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate.
U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.Commercially, the U235 isotope is processed further to produce nuclear fuel after being enriched to 3 to 5% (from its native form of 0.7%).
Uranium oxide is transformed at the conversion facility into uranium hexafluoride (UF6), which can then be used in enrichment facilities. Low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, which is used in the majority of nuclear power plants' light water reactors, can be replaced by MOX fuel.
The most popular fuel for nuclear fission in nuclear power plants is uranium. A specific variety of uranium, U-235, is used as fuel in nuclear power reactors because its atoms are simple to separate. U-235, which makes up little over 0.7% of natural uranium while being nearly 100 times more prevalent than silver, is relatively uncommon.
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Why are salt and sugar both able to dissolve in water, even though the solutes have different types of chemical bonding?.
The polar water molecules attract the oppositely assessed polar areas of the sucrose molecules and pull them away, resulting in dissolving. Since the ions in salt and the molecules in sugar are very different, their solubilities tend to be additional.
What is chemical bond?A chemical bond is a continuing attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that promotes the formation of chemical mixtures. The bond may result from the electrostatic significance between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.A chemical bond is what holds atoms concurrently in molecules. Bonds arise from the electrostatic energies between positively charged atomic nuclei and negatively charged electrons (the functions of which in space are determined by quantum mechanics).A chemical bond is a point of attraction between atoms or ions. Bonds form when atoms share or transmit valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer significance level of an atom that may be interested in chemical relations. Valence electrons are the basis of all chemical bonds.To learn more about chemical bond, refer to:
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How many valence electrons are present in the lewis formula for the perchlorate ion, cl4-?
a. 30
b. 38
c. 34
d. 36
e. 32
The valence electrons are present in the lewis formula for the perchlorate ion will be 32.
The electrons in such an atom's outermost atomic shell known as the valence electrons may be those that orbit the nucleus. Core electrons are mostly in filled orbitals some of which are located closest to the nucleus.
The formula of perchlorate ion is [tex]ClO^{-} _{4}[/tex].
The valence electrons of Cl is 7 and the valence electrons of oxygen is 6 , one negative charge . By adding the total valence electron, it will be 32.
The valence electrons are present in the lewis formula for the perchlorate ion will be 32.
Hence, the correct answer will be option (e).
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Identify the location of reduction in an electrochemical cell. group of answer choices the electrode the anode the socket the cathode the salt bridge
The location of reduction in an electrochemical cell is called the anode.
An electrochemical cell ( galvanic cell ) is generate electric energy from chemical reactions. In galvanic cell species ( for example zinc and zinc cations ) from one half-cell lose electrons ( oxidation ) and species from other half-cell ( for example copper and copper cations ) gain electrons ( reduction ). Electric current is generated due to the flow of electrons from the anode that undergoes an oxidation reaction to the cathode which has a reduction reaction in the circuit of an outer wire circuit.
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The condition of acidosis can cause ____________ because the higher h concentration diffuses to the icf, pushing k towards the ecf
Acidosis is a disorder in which there is excess acid in the body. This condition can lead to hyperkalemia due to the diffusion of hydrogen ions in the intracellular fluid.
What is hyperkalemia?Hyperkalemia is an increased concentration of the fluid potassium level than normal. Though potassium (K) is needed by the body for various functions of the nervous system and muscles their excess can lead to diseases.
It can also be caused by acidosis, where the concentration of the hydrogen ion increases in the intracellular fluid which leads to a large movement of potassium ions toward the extracellular fluid.
Therefore, the condition of acidosis can cause hyperkalemia.
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