A percutaneous vertebroplasty is a procedure which is minimally invasive that is performed in order to treat osteoporosis related compression fractures of the spine.
Vertebroplasty is a procedure which helps stabilizing the spine by treating the compression fractures in it. This is done by injecting the bone cement into the vertebrae on the back bones which has been broken or cracked due to osteoporosis.
The added cement hardens up and helps in the stabilizing the fractures present in the spine and supporting it. This procedure in minimally invasive as it is done through just through a small puncture in the skin instead of open incision.
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Abrupt genetic changes that quickly lead to the reproductive isolation of a group of individuals will likely lead to ______________.
Abrupt genetic changes that quickly lead to the reproduction isolation of a group of individual will likely lead to allopatric speciation.
Speciation which involves reproductive isolation of groups within the original population and accumulation of genetic difference for two groups. The sudden change in the genetics which breeds true in a species is represented as mutation.
Mutation is sudden or discountinous changes in genotypes and phenotype of an organism due to change in chromosomes and genes.The sudden change became heritable which means transmitted to the offspring. Mutation can change by environmental factors known as mutagens. Change in one or more nucleotide of DNA.
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In drosophila development, pattern development in the late embryo, larva, and adult is controlled by?
In drosophila development, pattern development in the late embryo, larva, and adult is controlled by homeotic type of gene.
In Drosophila, development is controlled by homeotic type of gene. The beginning phases of development are controlled by homeotic genes. The general body plan of Drosophila is the same in the embryo, the larva, and the adult, each of which has a distinct head end and a distinct tail end, between which are repeating segmental units .
Three of these segments form the thorax, while another eight segments form the abdomen. Two different sets of genes control embryonic development in Drosophila maternal-effect genes and zygotic genes.
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Dna profiling relies on an individual's ________, no two of which are the same between different people, except identical twins
DNA profiling relies on an individual's unique set of short tandem repeats within DNA. no two of which are the same between different people, except identical twins.
What is DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to form a double helix and which contains the genetic material necessary for all known creatures, including many viruses, to develop, function, grow, and reproduce. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid.The molecule that carries the genetic information required for an organism to grow and function is called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA.The structure of DNA is a double helix, which is made up of two connected strands that loop around one another to resemble a twisted ladder.The instructions required for a creature to grow, endure, and reproduce are encoded in its DNA. DNA sequences must be transformed into messages that can be utilized to create proteins, which are the complex molecules that carry out the majority of the work in our bodies, in order to perform these activities.
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The middle ear communicates with the:_______
a) nasopharynx through the auditory meatus.
b) pharyngotympanic tube auricle.
c) bony labyrinth.
d) membranous labyrinth
The middle ear communicates with the: nasopharynx through the auditory meatus.
Since it creates the most pronounced anatomic opening between the two compartments in both animals and humans, it has long been considered that the round window membrane serves as the main pathway of communication between the middle ear and perilymph.The middle ear interacts with the pharynx, adjusts to changes in pressure outside, and transfers vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.The small passageway, also known as the auditory tube or eustachian tube, that runs from the middle ear to the nasopharynx. Pressure is equalized on both sides of the tympanic membrane via the tube (eardrum). The inner ear membrane in the fenestra ovalis receives sound waves from the incus through the stapes.learn more about middle ear here: https://brainly.com/question/2861613
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When a segment of chromosome 3 is removed and attaches to chromosome 5, what word do we use to describe what has happened?
When a segment of chromosome 3 is removed and attached to chromosome 5, we use the word exonucleolytic activity to describe what happened.
How important is the Exonucleolytic 3 → 5 activity of DNA polymerases?The 3' → 5' exonucleolytic activity of DNA polymerases is a self-correcting mechanism that allows them to check for the last nucleotide incorporated, correcting their own incorporation errors as they move along the DNA template.
What a chromosome?Chromosomes are structures formed by DNA, which in turn are composed of several genes and other nucleotides (DNA and RNA). They are found in all cells and each has specific functions.
With this information, we can conclude that we use the word exonucleolytic activity to describe what happened.
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New techniques to produce cells with the characteristics of embryonic stem cells include?
New techniques to produce cells with the characteristics of embryonic stem cells include Parthenogenesis, retroviral transduction of transcription factor genes into adult skin cells (iPS), and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
What is embryonic stem cells?Pluripotent stem cells called embryonic stem cells are produced from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, a preimplantation embryo in its early stages. Four to five days after fertilization, human embryos reach the blastocyst stage, consisting of 50 to 150 cells.Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are stem cells that come from an embryo's core mass of undifferentiated cells.In laboratories, typically fertility clinics, 4- to 6-day-old embryos are used to produce human embryonic stem cells. The core embryonic cells are taken out and put in a dish with the nutrients they require to thrive.Theoretically, embryonic stem cells are capable of mass-producing any kind of tissue. These cells are used by researchers to investigate disease and development in the hopes of developing therapies. A single embryo's two or three dozen cells can produce millions of embryonic stem cells in about six months.Learn more about embryonic stem cell here:
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Biological processes that systematically vary over a 24-hour cycle are called _____ and are regulated by a cluster of neurons called the _____.
Biological processes that systematically vary over a 24-hour cycle are called circadian rhythms and are regulated by a cluster of neurons called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
What is the circadian rhythm?The circadian rhythm refers to the biological process regulated by the duration of a calendar day, which is common for many organisms ranging from animals to plants.
The circadian rhythms enable the maintenance of homeostatic control of physiological functions and thus perform metabolic activities.
In conclusion, biological processes that systematically vary over a 24-hour cycle are called circadian rhythms and are regulated by a cluster of neurons called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
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Which of the following statements best expresses the concept of punctuated equilibrium?
A. Small variations gradually accumulate in evolving lineages over periods of millions of years.
B. Stability is achieved when selection favors the heterozygote, while both types of homozygotes are at a relative disadvantage.
C. Random mating ensures that the proportions of genotypes in a population remain unchanged from generation to generation.
D. Evolutionary changes consist of rapid births of speciation alternating with long periods in which species remain essentially unmodified.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Students are measuring the rate of enzyme activity. The graph below shows the rate of enzyme action as they increase the temperature
The subtrate will no longer fit within the enzyme because the heat will cause the enzyme to denature (deform).
EnzymeProteins called enzymes serve as biological catalysts (biocatalysts). Chemical reactions are sped up by catalysts. Substrates are the molecules that enzymes can interact with, and the enzyme changes the substrates into new molecules known as products. Almost all cellular metabolic activities require enzyme catalysis in order to proceed at speeds quick enough to maintain life. Enzymes are necessary to catalyze specific steps in metabolic pathways. Enzymology, the study of enzymes, and the pseudoenzyme analysis area acknowledge that some enzymes have lost the capacity to perform biological catalysis during evolution, which is frequently reflected in their amino acid sequences and peculiar "pseudocatalytic" capabilities.
Students are measuring the rate of enzyme activity. The graph below shows the rate of enzyme action as they increase the temperature
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action occurs when the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream. a. Local b. Remote c. Systemic d. Antagonist
Answer:
absorption
Explanation:
drug absorption
The action that occurs when the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream is Antagonist. The correct option is d.
What is Antagonist action?A substance or chemical known as an antagonist lessens the effects of an agonist. Competitive antagonists prevent the effects of agonists by attaching to the same location on a receptor as the agonist but without activating it.
A drug used in medicine that blocks the effects or actions of another medication. For instance, an oestrogen receptor antagonist is a medication that prevents oestrogen from activating tumour cells.
A chemical that can attach to and functionally activate a target is called an agonist. Usually, a metabotropic and/or ionotropic receptor is the target.
A chemical known as an antagonist binds to a target and blocks the binding of other compounds. The action of receptors is unaffected by antagonists.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Biologically-based personality tendencies evidence in early childhood are called?
A family has seven sons. The chance that there eighth child will be a daughter is
Answer:
One chance in two
Explanation:
A parent can only have one or the other meaning a son or daughter. Both the son and the daughter represent one half of a probability of having each one separately. On whether or not the parent will have a daughter as the eighth child, is completely irrelevant as a parent can only bare a son and daughter. This would mean they would have a one chance in two for either cases, but due to the context of the question, it would be for the daughter. So therefore, they would have one chance in two.
Thank you,
Eddie
Proteins may be classified according to their three-dimensional shapes. Determine whether the following examples and descriptions refer to fibrous proteins, globular proteins, or both fibrous and globular proteins. True or false?.
Answer:
Explanation:
Polymers of amino acids can be both fibrous as well as globular protein. Hemoglobin is a globular but the collagen is the fibrous protein both being the amino acids.
As the body prepares to deal with a stressful threat, the adrenal glands release which stress hormone?
Suppose a country’s population is aging and the size of the workforce is declining. in the long run, output will ________ and the price level will ________.
In the long run, the output will reduce and the price level will increase because there is a low size of the workforce.
How are output and price levels affected?We know that production or output is dependent on the workforce. If a country has large workforce, then the production of the country is higher which make the economy better which results in the lower price of products while on the other hand, if a country has low workforce, then the output of the country is also lower that make the economy worse which results in the higher price of products and inflation.
So we can conclude that in the long run, the output will reduce and the price level will increase because there is a low size of the workforce.
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Aerobic respiration creates lactic acid as a by prodcut but prodcues far more atp than respiration.
a. true
b. false
False, aerobic respiration creates lactic acid as a by product but produces far more ATP than respiration. When lactic acid is ferment by certain bacteria which includes the bacteria in yogurt and also by human muscles cells when they are worked hard and fast.
In aerobic cell respiration which includes glycolysis + the kerbers cycle = respiratory electron transport that produce 36 ATP /glucose consumed. Aerobic respiration cell are 18 times more efficient than anaerobic cell respiration because in aerobic respiration more ATP than anaerobic respiration due to the complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water .
Now O2 acts as terminal electron accept in this electron transport chain and gets reduced to water.ATP are produced by oxidation phosphorylation in the electron transport chain.
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it is difficult for blood to clot in wound artery than in wounded vein
Explanation:
because the pressure exerted by artery is more than that of vein due to its narrow lumen and thick walls...causing it difficult to clot.
B
What is a scientific explanation
for a set of observations that can
be tested and is written with an
"if/then" statement?
a theory
a hypothesis
A scientific explanation for a set of observations that can be tested and is written with an "if/then" statement is referred to as hypothesis and is denoted as option B.
What is Hypothesis?This is defined as the proposed explanation for a particular phenomenon before several experiments are conducted by others in different parts of the world to confirm its authenticity.
It employs the use of words such as "if/then" which shows its unproven status which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Doctors are investigating the possible inheritability of a disease with no current known cause. What tool might be useful to help track the disease’s prevalence?
Pedigrees tool might be useful to help track the disease’s prevalence.
A pedigree chart, which is most frequently used to represent people, show dogs, and race horses, depicts the incidence and manifestation of phenotypes of a specific gene or organism and its ancestors from one generation to the next. A pedigree reveals the connections between family members and identifies the members of a family who have particular genetic pathogenic variations, features, and diseases as well as their current health. A family's pedigree might reveal how diseases are passed down through the generations.
Pedigree analysis is used to identify the mode of inheritance, which may be autosomal, mitochondrial, dominant, partial dominant, or sex-linked. Additionally, it calculates the likelihood that a person or their progeny will be impacted by the particular cross.
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A trait such as eye color, which shows extensive variation within a population is the result of __________ .
Answer:
probably natural selection but it could also be discontinous variation.
Explanation:
depends on what context is??
(03.02 MC)
Is this a scientific model? Use complete sentences to explain why or why not.
A graphic organizer showing the water cycle
the picture is the water cycle
The picture is a scientific model which is used to explain the concept of the water cycle by means of pictures and descriptions.
What is a scientific model?
A scientific model is a representation which may be in form of pictures, illustrations, objects, or ideas which are used to explain a particular concept by scientists.
Scientific models are usually employed to explain either difficult to understand concepts or scarcely observable phenomena in order to enrich the knowledge and comprehension of others.
The given illustration is an example of a scientific model. It is used to explain the concept of the water cycle. By means of pictures and descriptions, the various processes of the water cycle can be fully comprehended.
Also, by means of a cyclical illustration, the model helps to explain that the water cycle is a continuous repetitive process.
In conclusion, scientific models may be in form of pictures, illustrations or objects.
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Briefly explain why only chromosomes of a homologous pair can have their alleles referred toas homozygous or heterozygous
Only chromosomes of a homologous pair can have their alleles referred to as homozygous or heterozygous because only homologous chromosomes would have the same genes at the same physical locations on those chromosomes. Otherwise, the alleles of different genes would have no relationship.
Homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci where they provide points along each chromosome which enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis.
This is the basis for Mendelian inheritance which characterizes inheritance patterns of genetic material from an organism to its offspring parent developmental cell at the given time and area.
Chromosomes are linear arrangements of condensed deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and histone proteins, which form a complex called chromatin. Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's mother; the other is inherited from the organism's father.
After mitosis occurs within the daughter cells, they have the correct number of genes which are a mix of the two parents' genes.
In diploid organisms, the genome is composed of one set of each homologous chromosome pair, as compared to tetraploid organisms which may have two sets of each homologous chromosome pair. The alleles on the homologous chromosomes may be different, resulting in different phenotypes of the same genes.
This mixing of maternal and paternal traits is enhanced by crossing over during meiosis, wherein lengths of chromosomal arms and the DNA they contain within a homologous chromosome pair are exchanged with one another.
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Many bacteria facilitate the uptake of iron by secreting low molecular weight molecules, called ___________, to form complexes with the iron that can then be readily transported into the cell.
Many bacteria facilitate the uptake of iron by secreting low molecular weight molecules, called siderophores, to form complexes with the iron that can then be readily transported into the cell.
What are siderophores?Siderophores are natural or synthetic, low molecular weight molecules which have a high binding affinity to iron.Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi secrete these molecules to enhance iron uptake through the cell.Iron is abundant in the earth’s crust but it is not readily available in soluble form.Siderophores can chelate iron (form water soluble complexes). This complex is then taken up by the cell through membrane receptors.These are the strongest and largest class of iron chelators known thus providing the much needed iron to the microorganisms.Siderophores can also form complexes with aluminium, copper, zinc, manganese, cadmium, lead, etc.Learn more about Siderophores here:
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A cluster of cells in the ovule of a fertilized flowering plant that has not yet formed into an embryo? fertilization pro-embryo suspensor double fertilization
The cluster of cells in the ovule of a fertilized flowering plant that has not yet formed into an embryo is called a proembryo.
What is a proembryo?It is a structure that is developed after the egg is segmented and the formation of the true embryo is yet to take place.
After the egg and the sperm nuclei are fertilized, the apical and basal cells are formed after cell division. The cell division is asymmetrical in the case of monocot and transverse in the case of divots.
Apical cells turn into the proembryo and eventually the embryo. This development is supported by the suspensor cells from the basal cells.
Therefore, the cluster of cells in the ovule of a fertilized flowering plant that has not yet formed into an embryo is called a proembryo.
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If plaque ruptures and weakens the artery walls, a(n) _______________ may form leading to ischemia
The scientist tests each sample three ties, explain why it is important to do this
A scientist conducts 3 ties for a sample in a particular experiment. Because an experiment starts with a set of observations which might change due to some factors. So in order to conclude a concrete hypothesis it is a important process.
What is an experiment?An experiment is a scientific process to discover something , test a hypothesis on it and make some observations on that subject. A scientific study can only be possible by performing different kinds of experiments. Scientists can perform and verify the experiment in numerous ways. There are different studies of science which give exposure to numerous scientific fields. The different parts of science are chemistry , biology , physics and many more. Different observations are made on an experiment. You can always explore something new in this field. Scientist propose hypothesis for a phenomenon. There are 3 different types of hypothesis are : simple, complex and directional hypothesis.
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Smaller neurons require more current to change their membrane potential.
a) true
b) false
This is false that Smaller neurons require more current to change their membrane potential.
A potential gradient known as membrane potential causes ions to passively migrate in one direction: positive ions are drawn to the "negative" side of the membrane, while negative ions are drawn to the "positive" side. Human life is impossible without membrane potentials. Over their membrane, every living cell maintains a potential difference. Simply said, differences in the concentration and permeability of significant ions across a membrane are what cause membrane potential.
A change in membrane potential results from a change in ion permeability. The membrane potential moves closer to the ion's Nernst equilibrium potential as permeability to that ion increases. The membrane potential is shifted away from the ion's Nernst equilibrium potential as permeability to that ion decreases.
The less probable it is that the arriving ions will collide with something that might cause them to bounce back, the bigger the axon's diameter of a neuron. Positive ions must continuously move away from the cell body in order for the action potential to exist, and this is made much simpler in a bigger axon.
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Aside from having potent anti-inflammatory effects, glucocorticoids also promote homeostasis of which system?
Along with anti-inflammatory effects, glucocorticoids also promote homeostasis in T lymphocytes.
what are the role of glucocorticoid?
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones have anti-inflammatory effects. as well as glucose homeostasis activity.
The hormones secreted from the cortex regulate glucose metabolism, synthesis in the adrenal cortex.
It promote gluconeogenesis in liver, but in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue decrease glucose uptake, modulate the function of pancreatic α and β cells and help in to regulation of glucagon and insulin.
It also affect on glucose homeostasis to preserve plasma glucose for brain during stress.
Hence, glucocorticoids also promote homeostasis in T lymphocytes.
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A point mutation that does not result in a change to the amino acid coded for is said to be a _______ mutation. a. spontaneous c. selective b. synonymous d. stabilizing
A point mutation that does not result in a change to the amino acid coded for is said to be a synonymous mutation.
What is synonymous mutation?
A synonymous mutation is a change in a protein's amino acid sequence that occurs in the DNA sequence that codes for that amino acid but does not affect the encoded amino acid. These alterations typically take place in the third position of a codon because of the genetic code's redundancy (several codons encode the same amino acid).
For instance, the codes for glycine are GGT, GGA, GGC, and GGG. The identical amino acid will be integrated into the protein sequence with any modification in the codon's third position (for example, A is replaced by G).
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A scientist is researching Cystic Fibrosis. He is
studying what type of disease?
A. Somatic disease
B. Chromosomal disease
C. Single-Gene disease
D. Multifactorial disease
he is studying Somatic disease.
