The value of the discount rate when the annual value is $6670 and the present value is $1160000 is 0575% . This can by following the formula Present value = Annual Cash Flow / Discount Rate.
The discount rate is the value of the detection in the asset that would reduce the price or the monetary value of the buyer, this also helps in the detection in the present value. The discount rate also helps in the find the future value from the present value that may be in the form of cash, property or any other assets. It can also be called as the rediscount rate.
The formula that is used to find the discount rate is:
Present value = Annual Cash Flow / Discount Rate
$116000 = $6670/ Discount rate
$116000 x Discount rate = $6670
Discount rate= $6670/$116000
Discount rate= 0.0575%
The discount rate that is minimized for the property is provided by the above calculation that shows the future value from the calculation of present value.
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At 6.00 percent interest, how long does it take to double your money? (Enter rounded answer as directed, but do not use rounded numbers in intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).) Requirement 2: At 6.00 percent interest, how long does it take to quadruple your money? (Enter rounded answer as directed, but do not use rounded numbers in intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)
For an interest rate of 6.00 percent, you would divide 72 by 6.00 to get 12. This means it would take approximately 12 years to double your money at a 6.00 percent interest rate.
To find out how long it takes to double your money at a 6.00 percent interest rate, you can use the Rule of 72. The Rule of 72 states that you can divide 72 by the interest rate to estimate the number of years it will take for an investment to double.
Similarly, to find out how long it takes to quadruple your money at a 6.00 percent interest rate, you can use the same Rule of 72. In this case, you would divide 72 by 6.00 to get 12. It would take approximately 12 years to quadruple your money at a 6.00 percent interest rate.
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The Morrit Corporation has $480,000 of debt outstanding, and it pays an interest rate of 8% annually. Morrit's annual sales are $3 million, its average tax rate is 25%, and its net profit margin on sales is 4%. If the company does not maintain a TIE ratio of at least 4 to 1, then its bank will refuse to renew the loan, and bankruptcy will result. What is Morrit's TIE ratio? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
Morrit's TIE ratio is an important measure of the company's ability to cover its interest expense. In this case, the TIE ratio is approximately 3.13, which is below the minimum requirement of 4 to 1 set by the company's bank. This means that Morrit's bank may refuse to renew the loan, and bankruptcy could result. It is crucial for Morrit to improve its TIE ratio to maintain a healthy financial position.
The TIE ratio, also known as the Times Interest Earned ratio, measures a company's ability to cover its interest expense with its operating income. To calculate the TIE ratio, we need to divide the company's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) by its interest expense.
In this case, we are given the following information:
- The Morrit Corporation has $480,000 of debt outstanding.
- It pays an interest rate of 8% annually.
- Morrit's annual sales are $3 million.
- Its average tax rate is 25%.
- Its net profit margin on sales is 4%.
To calculate the TIE ratio, we need to determine the EBIT and the interest expense.
1. Calculate the EBIT:
EBIT is calculated as the net profit before subtracting interest and taxes. We can find it using the following formula:
EBIT = Net Profit / (1 - Tax Rate)
Given that the net profit margin on sales is 4% and the average tax rate is 25%, we can calculate the EBIT as follows:
EBIT = 0.04 * $3,000,000 / (1 - 0.25)
2. Calculate the interest expense:
The interest expense is the product of the debt outstanding and the interest rate. In this case, the interest expense is:
Interest Expense = $480,000 * 0.08
3. Calculate the TIE ratio:
Finally, we can calculate the TIE ratio by dividing the EBIT by the interest expense:
TIE Ratio = EBIT / Interest Expense
Now, let's calculate the TIE ratio using the provided values:
Explanation:
1. Calculate EBIT:
EBIT = 0.04 * $3,000,000 / (1 - 0.25) = $120,000
2. Calculate interest expense:
Interest Expense = $480,000 * 0.08 = $38,400
3. Calculate TIE ratio:
TIE Ratio = EBIT / Interest Expense = $120,000 / $38,400
Using the above calculations, we find that Morrit's TIE ratio is approximately 3.13.
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Financing Decisions (20 marks) Crawford Enterprises, a leading supplier of metal fabrication equipment used in the farm tractor industry, plans to launch a new generation product line. The company currently has outstanding 300,000 shares priced at $120 a share. The CFO proposes to make a rights issue at $30 of one new share for each two shares held to finance this strategic marketing measure. Assuming that the new money is invested to earn a fair return, give values for the following:
4.1 Number of new shares.
4.2 Amount of new investment.
4.3 Total value of company after issue.
4.4 Total number of shares after issue.
4.5 Stock price after the issue.
The values for the given scenarios are as follows:4.1 Number of new shares: 150,000,(4.2) Amount of new investment: $4,500,000,(4.3) Total value of company after issue: $45,000,000,(4.4) Total number of shares after issue: 450,000,(4.5) Stock price after the issue: $100
To determine the values, we need to consider the proposed rights issue. The CFO suggests issuing one new share for each two shares held, at a price of $30 per new share. Since the company currently has 300,000 outstanding shares, the number of new shares will be half of that, resulting in 150,000 new shares (4.1). The amount of new investment can be calculated by multiplying the number of new shares by the price per share, which gives us $4,500,000 (4.2).
The total value of the company after the issue is the sum of the current market value of outstanding shares and the new investment, which amounts to $45,000,000 (4.3). The total number of shares after the issue is the sum of the existing shares and the new shares, resulting in 450,000 shares (4.4).
Finally, to calculate the stock price after the issue, we divide the total value of the company after the issue by the total number of shares, which gives us $100 (4.5). This indicates the new stock price per share after the rights issue.
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Acamki Company had $2,000 supplies at the beginning of 2018 and purchased $15,500 of supplies in 2018 . By the end of 2018,$5,800 of supplies were still on hand. The adjusting entry at the end of 2018 would include a: Select one: a. debit to Supplies Expense for $5,800 b. debit to Supplies Expense for $11,700 c. credit to Supplies for $5,800 d. debit to Supplies for $11,700
A negative of $11,700 for Supplies Expense would be included in the adjustment entry at the end of 2018.
According to the inquiry, Acamki Company had $2,000 worth of goods at the start of 2018 and spent $15,500 on supplies overall. So, the total amount of goods that might be used in 2018 would be: $2,000 + $15,000 = $17,500Supplies totaling $5,800 were still available at the end of 2018. The goods utilised in 2018 would thus cost: $17,500 - $5,800 = $11,700.The supplies utilised during the year are recorded in the adjustment entry made at the end of 2018. Given that the materials utilized in 2018 totaled $11,700, a $11,700 debit should be placed to the supplies expense account.
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Contribution margin per unit of constraint
paint toys company sells paint ball guns for $100 per unit. variable cost is $60 per unit. each paint ball gun requires 1.25 machine hours and 2 direct labor hours to produce. Calculate the contribution margin (a) per unit, (b) per machine hour, and (c) per direct labor hour.
A. the contribution margin per unit is $40.
B. the contribution margin per machine hour is $32.
C. the contribution margin per direct labor hour is $20.
Part A: Calculation of contribution margin per unit
Sales price per unit = $100
Variable cost per unit = $60
Contribution margin per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable cost per unit
= $100 - $60
= $40
Thus, the contribution margin per unit is $40.
Part B: Calculation of contribution margin per machine hour
Each unit requires 1.25 machine hours
Thus, contribution margin per machine hour = Contribution margin per unit ÷ Number of machine hours per unit
= $40 ÷ 1.25
= $32
Thus, the contribution margin per machine hour is $32.
Part C: Calculation of contribution margin per direct labor hour
Each unit requires 2 direct labor hours
Thus, contribution margin per direct labor hour = Contribution margin per unit ÷ Number of direct labor hours per unit
= $40 ÷ 2
= $20
Thus, the contribution margin per direct labor hour is $20.
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sarah a widow is retired and recieves $20,000 interest income and dividends and $10,000 in social security benefits. what amount of sarahs social security benefits are taxable Sarah.a widow.is retired and receives $20.000 interest income and dividends and $10.000 in Social Security benefits.What amount of Sarah's Social Security benefi are taxable?
$8,500 of Sarah's Social Security benefits would be taxable based on the given information and assumptions.
The taxability of Social Security benefits depends on the taxpayer's income level. To determine the taxable amount of Sarah's Social Security benefits, we need to calculate her provisional income, which is used in the income-based formula.
Provisional income is calculated as follows:
Provisional Income = Adjusted Gross Income + Nontaxable Interest + 50% of Social Security Benefits
In this case, we know Sarah's Social Security benefits are $10,000. However, we don't have information about her adjusted gross income or nontaxable interest.
Let's assume her adjusted gross income is $30,000 and there is no nontaxable interest.
Using the given figures and assumptions, we can calculate Sarah's provisional income:
Provisional Income = $30,000 (Adjusted Gross Income) + $0 (Nontaxable Interest) + 50% * $10,000 (Social Security Benefits)
= $30,000 + $0 + $5,000
= $35,000
Now that we have Sarah's provisional income, we can determine the taxable amount of her Social Security benefits. T
he following thresholds are used to determine the taxability:
If provisional income is below $25,000 (for single filers), Social Security benefits are not taxable.
If provisional income is between $25,000 and $34,000, up to 50% of Social Security benefits may be taxable.
If provisional income exceeds $34,000, up to 85% of Social Security benefits may be taxable.
In Sarah's case, her provisional income of $35,000 exceeds the threshold of $34,000. Therefore, up to 85% of her Social Security benefits may be taxable.
To calculate the taxable amount, we multiply her Social Security benefits by 85%:
Taxable Social Security Benefits = 85% * $10,000 (Social Security Benefits)
= $8,500
Therefore, $8,500 of Sarah's Social Security benefits would be taxable based on the given information and assumptions.
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What is most likely to reveal a market opportunity for a specific product application? group of answer choices
The most likely to reveal a market opportunity for a specific product application is the degree of customer demand.
In the subject of scientific sales, customer demand or consumer demand often refers to the problem customers need to solve or the objective that they want to achieve. Customer demand in marketing refers to the need for a specific product and can be satisfied by purchasing power (also known as "want").
The primary distinction between consumer demand and customer need or want is that demand must be capable of being met by purchasing power. The degree of consumer demand is the most likely to identify a market potential for a certain product application.
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Suppose your firm is considering investing in a project with the cash flows shown as follows, that the required rate of return on projects of this risk is 8 ercent, and that the maximum allowable payback and discounted payback statistics for the project are three and a half and four and a half Jse the MIRR decision to evaluate this project; should it be accepted or rejected? Multiple Choice MIRR =12.58 percent, accept the project MIRR = 7.19 percent, reject the project MIRR = 13.59 percent, accept the project Suppose your firm is considering investing in a project with the cash flows shown below, that the required rate of return on projects of this risk class is 11 percent, and that the maximum allowable payback and discounted payback statistics for your company are 3 and 3.5 years, respectively. Use the payback decision rule to evaluate this project. Note: Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Should the project be accepted or rejected? accepted rejected
The MIRR (Modified Internal Rate of Return) is a method used to evaluate the attractiveness of an investment project. It takes into account the initial investment, cash inflows, and the reinvestment rate of cash flows.
In this case, the MIRR is given as three options: 12.58 percent, 7.19 percent, and 13.59 percent. To determine whether the project should be accepted or rejected, we need to compare the MIRR to the required rate of return, which is stated as 8 percent.
If the MIRR is higher than the required rate of return, the project should be accepted. If the MIRR is lower than the required rate of return, the project should be rejected.
Let's evaluate each option:
1. MIRR = 12.58 percent: This MIRR is higher than the required rate of return (8 percent), so the project should be accepted.
2. MIRR = 7.19 percent: This MIRR is lower than the required rate of return (8 percent), so the project should be rejected.
3. MIRR = 13.59 percent: This MIRR is higher than the required rate of return (8 percent), so the project should be accepted.
Therefore, based on the MIRR decision rule, the project should be accepted if the MIRR is higher than the required rate of return, and rejected if it is lower.
We are asked to use the payback decision rule to evaluate a project with given cash flows and a required rate of return of 11 percent. The maximum allowable payback period is 3 years.
The payback period is the time it takes for the initial investment to be recovered from the project's cash inflows. If the payback period is less than the maximum allowable payback period, the project should be accepted. If it exceeds the maximum allowable payback period, the project should be rejected.
Unfortunately, the cash flows for this project are not provided in the question, so we cannot calculate the payback period and determine whether the project should be accepted or rejected.
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university members are required to submit financial disclosures using the university’s designated system.
The assertion is partly true that university individuals are expected to submit monetary revelations utilizing the university's assigned framework.
Overall. explicit approaches and prerequisites might shift relying upon the university. Generally speaking, colleges really do require their individuals, like personnel, staff, or analysts, to submit monetary divulgences. These exposures are intended to recognize any likely irreconcilable circumstances or monetary connections that could think twice about person's objectivity, honesty, or freedom in their college related exercises.
In any case, it is vital for note that strategies and methodology with respect to monetary exposures can change between colleges. A few foundations might have an assigned framework or stage for presenting these revelations, while others might utilize various techniques, for example, paper structures or email entries.
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Your question is incomplete, probably the complete question is-
University members are required to submit financial disclosures using the university’s designated system. true or false?
You decide you need to purchase a reliable car to get you to class at UT Tyler. Because you are a student you are only able to spend $15,000 with the intent to trade it in 5 years from now. At the end of 5 years, the car will have a salvage value of $7,500. What is the annual straight-line depreciation? What is the book value of the car at the end of years 1,2,3,4, and 5 ? Using the sum of the year digits approach, calculate the book value of your vehicle at the end of years 1,2,3,4, and 5. Using the modified accelerated cost recovery system approach, calculate the book value of your vehicle at the end of years 1,2,3,4, and 5 . You may assume a 10 year recovery period.
The annual straight-line depreciation for the car is ($15,000 - $7,500) / 5 = $1,500.
The book value of the car at the end of each year using the straight-line depreciation method is as follows:
Year 1: $15,000 - $1,500 = $13,500
Year 2: $13,500 - $1,500 = $12,000
Year 3: $12,000 - $1,500 = $10,500
Year 4: $10,500 - $1,500 = $9,000
Year 5: $9,000 - $1,500 = $7,500
Using the sum of the year digits approach, the book value of the car at the end of each year is calculated based on the sum of the digits (5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 15):
Year 1: $15,000 - ($15,000 - $7,500) * (5/15) = $12,500
Year 2: $15,000 - ($15,000 - $7,500) * (4/15) = $10,000
Year 3: $15,000 - ($15,000 - $7,500) * (3/15) = $7,500
Year 4: $15,000 - ($15,000 - $7,500) * (2/15) = $5,000
Year 5: $15,000 - ($15,000 - $7,500) * (1/15) = $2,500
Using the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS) approach with a 10-year recovery period, assuming a straight-line method, the book value of the car at the end of each year is as follows:
Year 1: $15,000 * (1 - (1/10)) = $13,500
Year 2: $13,500 * (1 - (1/10)) = $12,150
Year 3: $12,150 * (1 - (1/10)) = $10,935
Year 4: $10,935 * (1 - (1/10)) = $9,842.50
Year 5: $9,842.50 * (1 - (1/10)) = $8,858.25
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Tax rate is Sales COGS Salaries Rent Depreciation Utilities Interest EBT 32.0%530250181921243 TAXES (Round to nearest integer) Net Income Cash Marketable Securities Accounts Receivable Inventory 20223533 Acccounts Payable Short-term loan Long-term debt Stockholder’s Equity 3531250154
The taxes (rounded to the nearest integer) would be $0.
to calculate the taxes, we need to determine the earnings before taxes (ebt) by subtracting all the expenses (excluding taxes) from the sales.
given:
sales: $53,025
cogs: $25,018
salaries: $19,921
rent: $24,300
depreciation: $3,000
utilities: $6,243
interest: $3,125
ebt = sales - cogs - salaries - rent - depreciation - utilities - interest
ebt = $53,025 - $25,018 - $19,921 - $24,300 - $3,000 - $6,243 - $3,125
ebt = $53,025 - $82,607
ebt = -$29,582
since the ebt is negative, the taxable Income would be zero, and the taxes payable would also be zero. please note that the provided information does not include specific values for cash, marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable, short-term loan, long-term debt, or stockholder's equity.
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Consider two firms with the following marginal abatement costs (MAC) as a function of emissions (E): MAC_1 = 11-2E_1 MAC_2 = 8.5- E−2 and assume marginal external damages (MED) from the aggregate emissions of both firms (E_Agg = E−1+E−2) is: MED = .5E_Agg. To achieve the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions ( E∗ Aggl, the government institutes a per unit tax on emissions. The per-unit tax on emissions is $ Answer:
The per-unit tax on emissions to achieve the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions is $1.
To determine the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions (E∗Agg), we need to find the level at which the sum of the marginal abatement costs (MAC) equals the marginal external damages (MED). In this case, we have MAC_1 = 11 - 2E_1 and MAC_2 = 8.5 - E−2. The aggregate emissions are given by E_Agg = E_1 + E_2.
Setting the MAC equal to the MED, we have:
MAC_1 + MAC_2 = MED
(11 - 2E_1) + (8.5 - E_2) = 0.5(E_1 + E_2)
19.5 - 2E_1 - E_2 = 0.5E_1 + 0.5E_2
2.5E_1 + 1.5E_2 = 19.5
To solve for E_1 and E_2, we can use substitution or elimination. Solving this equation system gives us E_1 = 6 and E_2 = 7.5.
Since the per-unit tax on emissions is designed to align the private costs (MAC) with the social costs (MED), the per-unit tax should be equal to the difference between the MAC and MED. Thus, the per-unit tax on emissions is $1.
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The following are transactions recorded by Grouper Corporation during the current year. 1. Ordinary operating maintenance on equipment was recordeff as follows: Equipment
Accounts Paryable
3,150
3,150
2. Grouper received an advance on a custom order for merchandise that will be shipped during the next accounting year. Cash 6700 Sales Revenue 6.700 3. Grouper is holding inventory on consignment for Rubber titd. Grouper will onty pay Rubber when a sale is made to a customer. Grouper made the following entry when it received the imentory: 3. Grouper is holding inventory on consignment for Rubber Ltd. Grouper will only pay Rubber when a sale is made to a customer. Grouper made the following entry when it received the inventory: 4. On the last day of the accounting period, a 12-month insurance policy was purchased. The insurance coverage is for the hext accounting year, 5,760 Cash 5.760 (a2) For each transaction, if there was a violation of component of the conceptual framework (that is, qualitative characteristicielement,of For each transaction, if there was a violation of component of the conceptual framework (that is, qualitative characteristic, element, o principle) if any, give the correct journal entry that should havedeen initially recorded, (List all debit entrles before credit entries. Ondit occount titles are outomatically indented when the amount is entered, Do not indent manually. If no entry is required, select "No entry" for the occount tiles and enter 0 for the amounts) 1. 2. 3. 4.
The correct journal entry for holding inventory on consignment should be recorded based on the specific details of the transaction.
Transaction: Ordinary operating maintenance on equipment was recorded as follows:
Equipment $3,150
Accounts Payable $3,150
No violation of the conceptual framework is observed in this transaction. The journal entry is recorded correctly.
Transaction: Grouper received an advance on a custom order for merchandise that will be shipped during the next accounting year.
Cash $6,700
Sales Revenue $6,700
No violation of the conceptual framework is observed in this transaction. The journal entry is recorded correctly.
Transaction: Grouper is holding inventory on consignment for Rubber Ltd. Grouper made the following entry when it received the inventory:
No entry is provided for this transaction, so we assume it was recorded correctly. However, we should record the entry for holding inventory on consignment:
Consignment Inventory $X
Inventory $X
This entry reflects the transfer of inventory from Grouper to the consignment arrangement. The specific amounts should be filled in based on the details of the transaction.
Transaction: On the last day of the accounting period, a 12-month insurance policy was purchased. The insurance coverage is for the next accounting year.
Cash $5,760
Prepaid Insurance $5,760
No violation of the conceptual framework is observed in this transaction. The journal entry is recorded correctly.
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Last year, Hever Inc. had sales of $500,000, based on a unit selling price of $250. The variable cost per unit was $175, and fixed costs were $75,000. The maximum sales within Hever Inc.'s relevant range are 2,500 units. Hever Inc. is considering a proposal to spend an additional $33,750 on billboard adverting during the current year in an attempt to increase sales and utilize unused capacity. Required: 1. Construct a cost-volume-profit chart on your own paper, indicating the break-even sales for last year. Break-even sales (dollars) Break-even sales (units) 2. Using the cost-volume-profit chart prepared in part (1), determine (a) the operating income for last year and (b) the maximum operating income that could have been realized during the year. Operating income Maximum operating income signed for the additional billboard advertising. No changes are expected in the unit selling price or other costs. Dollars Units 4. Using the cost-volume-profit chart prepared in part (3), determine (a) the operating income if sales total 2,000 units and (b) the maximum operating income that could be realized during the year.
1. The break-even sales for last year were $375,000 in dollars and 1,500 units in quantity.
2. (a) The operating income for last year can be calculated by subtracting the total costs from the total sales. (b) The maximum operating income that could have been realized during the year is $125,000.
3. (a) If sales total 2,000 units, the operating income can be calculated by subtracting the total costs for 2,000 units from the total sales. (b) The maximum operating income that could be realized during the year is $200,000.
1. To determine the break-even sales, we need to calculate the point at which the total sales revenue equals the total costs. The break-even point in dollars can be found by dividing the fixed costs by the contribution margin ratio [(Unit Selling Price - Variable Cost per Unit) / Unit Selling Price]. In this case, the break-even sales in dollars are $375,000. To find the break-even sales in units, we divide the fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit, which is $100 ($250 - $175). Therefore, the break-even sales in units are 1,500 units.
2. (a) The operating income for last year is calculated by subtracting the total costs ($375,000) from the total sales ($500,000), resulting in an operating income of $125,000.
(b) The maximum operating income that could have been realized during the year is $125,000, which occurs when the sales reach the maximum sales within the relevant range of 2,500 units.
3. (a) If sales total 2,000 units, we can calculate the operating income by subtracting the total costs for 2,000 units from the total sales. Using the same contribution margin per unit of $100, the total costs for 2,000 units would be $200,000. Therefore, the operating income would be $300,000 ($500,000 - $200,000).
(b) The maximum operating income that could be realized during the year is $200,000, which occurs when the sales reach the maximum sales within the relevant range of 2,500 units.
Based on the calculations, the break-even sales for last year were $375,000 in dollars and 1,500 units in quantity. The operating income for last year was $125,000, and the maximum operating income that could have been realized during the year was also $125,000. If sales total 2,000 units, the operating income would be $300,000, and the maximum operating income that could be realized during the year is $200,000.
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How the closing entries differ between a company that uses perpetual and another company uses periodic inventory?
The closing entries in a company using perpetual inventory focus on temporary accounts, while in a company using periodic inventory, the closing entries involve adjustments to the inventory account and the cost of goods sold account.
The closing entries differ between a company that uses perpetual inventory and another company that uses periodic inventory.In a company that uses perpetual inventory, closing entries are not directly related to the inventory account. Instead, the closing entries focus on the temporary accounts, such as sales, cost of goods sold, and various expense accounts.
The purpose of these entries is to transfer the balances of these accounts to the permanent equity accounts and reset the temporary accounts to zero for the next accounting period.
The closing entries for revenue accounts involve debiting the revenue accounts and crediting the income summary account, while the closing entries for expense accounts involve debiting the income summary account and crediting the respective expense accounts.
On the other hand, in a company that uses periodic inventory, the closing entries involve the adjustment of the inventory account. The closing entry for the inventory account is necessary to update the inventory balance based on the physical count of inventory at the end of the accounting period.
The cost of goods sold account is also adjusted based on the change in the inventory balance, ensuring that the cost of goods sold reflects the actual inventory consumed during the period.
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Sebastian Company purchased equipment for $12,800 on January 1. It is estimated that annual depreciation on the equipment will be $2,556. If financial statements are to be prepared on January 31, the company should make the following adjusting entry
DR: Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment $2,556; CR: Depreciation Expense $2,556
DR: Depreciation Expense $2,556; CR: Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment $2,556
DR: Depreciation Expense $213; CR: Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment $213
DR: Equipment $12,800; CR: Cash $12,800
Adjusting entry ensures that the financial statements accurately reflect the decrease in the value of the equipment due to depreciation.
The correct adjusting entry for the company to make on January 31 is:
DR: Depreciation Expense $213; CR: Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment $213.
This entry is made to account for the depreciation expense incurred during the month of January. The estimated annual depreciation on the equipment is $2,556, which means the monthly depreciation expense is $2,556 / 12 = $213.
Depreciation expense is an expense account that represents the decrease in value of the equipment over time. Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment is a contra-asset account that keeps track of the total amount of depreciation expense that has been recorded over the life of the equipment.
By debiting Depreciation Expense for $213, we are recognizing the expense for the month. By crediting Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment for the same amount, we are increasing the balance of this account, reflecting the total accumulated depreciation up to this point. This adjusting entry ensures that the financial statements accurately reflect the decrease in the value of the equipment due to depreciation.
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You are the manager at a leading Trucking Company (GSF) in KZN. One of your diesel suppliers (RBI) has failed to deliver as arranged. This has resulted in you being unable to meet your delivery deadlines and have now lost a few major customers. Write a letter to the manager of RBI describing your dissatisfaction with their service. Word count: 150 – 200 words
The lack of communication and failure to provide an alternative solution or timeline for the delivery of the fuel has exacerbated the situation.
Dear Manager of RBI,
I am writing to express my deep dissatisfaction with the recent service failure from your diesel supply company, which has had severe consequences for our operations at GSF Trucking in KwaZulu-Natal. As a leading trucking company, we have relied on RBI as one of our primary suppliers for diesel fuel. However, your failure to deliver as arranged has resulted in significant disruptions to our business and has caused us to lose several major customers.
The inability to meet our delivery deadlines due to the non-availability of diesel has had a direct impact on our ability to fulfill our contractual obligations. This has led to delays in shipments, which in turn has tarnished our reputation and resulted in the loss of key clients. As a result, we have not only suffered financial losses but also experienced a decline in customer trust and confidence in our services.
We understand that unforeseen circumstances can occasionally disrupt supply chains. However, the lack of communication and failure to provide an alternative solution or timeline for the delivery of the fuel has exacerbated the situation. We expected better from RBI, considering our long-standing business relationship.
We urgently request a meeting to discuss this matter and find a solution that can help us regain our customers' trust and confidence. We expect RBI to take responsibility for the consequences of this service failure and provide appropriate compensation for the losses incurred.
We look forward to your prompt response and a swift resolution to this issue.
Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]
Manager, GSF Trucking
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cnbc.com reported mortgage applications increased 9.9% due to a decrease in the rate on 30-year fixed-rate mortgages. joe sisneros wants to purchase a vacation home for $265,000 with 20% down. calculate his monthly payment for a 25-year mortgage at 7.5%. calculate total interest
The total interest paid amounts is $307,717.96 and the monthly payment is $1,559.06.
To calculate Joe Sisneros' monthly payment for a 25-year mortgage at 7.5%, we can use the loan amount, interest rate, and loan term in a standard mortgage payment formula. The loan amount is $265,000, and he is making a 20% down payment, so the loan amount would be 80% of the purchase price, which is $212,000 ($265,000 * 0.8).
Calculate the loan term in months. Since it's a 25-year mortgage, the loan term is 25 * 12 = 300 months.
Calculate the monthly payment using the loan amount, loan term, and interest rate. We'll use the following formula:
Monthly Payment = (Loan Amount * Monthly Interest Rate) / (1 - (1 + Monthly Interest Rate) ⁻ᵀ)
Calculate the monthly interest rate. The annual interest rate is 7.5%, so the monthly interest rate would be 7.5% / 100 / 12 = 0.00625.
Using the formula:
Monthly Payment = ($212,000 * 0.00625) / (1 - (1 + 0.00625) ⁻³⁰⁰)
After calculating, the monthly payment for Joe Sisneros' mortgage would be approximately $1,559.06.
To calculate the total interest paid over the course of the mortgage, we can subtract the loan amount from the total amount paid. The total amount paid is the monthly payment multiplied by the number of months.
Total Interest = (Monthly Payment * Loan Term) - Loan Amount
Total Interest = ($1,559.06 * 300) - $212,000
After calculating, the total interest paid would be approximately $307,717.96.
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this question is related to Introduction to International Transport and Logistics= in TRADING INDUSTRY
Selection of a logistics company
Make a pre-selection of the three most important logistics companies in your country. For each of them, you have to write a small description of each company, its strengths and weaknesses depending on the needs of the company you are working on, as well as the experience that the company can have in the main markets to which you export. Compare the different prices and costs of each of them. Based on the foregoing: What would be the company that you would hire for your exports? Why?
In selecting a logistics company for your exports, it is important to consider the strengths and weaknesses of each company, their experience in the main export markets, and the prices and costs they offer.
Company A:
- Description: Company A is a well-established logistics company in our country, known for its wide network and efficient services.
- Strengths: Company A has a strong reputation for timely deliveries and excellent customer service. They have extensive experience in exporting to major markets, such as Europe and Asia.
- Weaknesses: However, their pricing is slightly higher compared to other logistics companies.
Company B:
- Description: Company B is a relatively new player in the logistics industry, but it has gained recognition for its innovative approaches and cost-effective solutions.
- Strengths: Company B offers competitive prices and has a strong focus on sustainability, which can be a selling point for environmentally conscious customers. They also have experience in exporting to emerging markets, like South America.
- Weaknesses: However, due to their limited presence in the industry, their network might not be as extensive as other logistics companies.
Company C:
- Description: Company C is a long-standing logistics company with a strong presence in our country. They have a vast network and provide comprehensive logistics solutions.
- Strengths: Company C has a deep understanding of the local market and regulations, which can be beneficial for smooth operations. They have significant experience in exporting to neighboring countries.
- Weaknesses: On the downside, their pricing is higher compared to other logistics companies, and their customer service needs improvement.
Based on these considerations, the company that I would hire for my exports would be Company A. Despite slightly higher pricing, they offer a proven track record of timely deliveries, excellent customer service, and experience in major export markets. This combination of strengths makes them a reliable choice for ensuring successful export operations.
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Identify whether each the following transactions is a primary market or a secondary market transaction:
Jim Henry bought 300 shares of I.B.M. through his brokerage account.
Peggy White bought 5,000 shares of General Motors bonds from another investor.
Hathaway Insurance Co. bought 500,000 shares of Tioga Corp when the company issued the stock.
Jim Henry's purchase of 300 shares of I.B.M. is a secondary market transaction, while Peggy White's purchase of 5,000 shares of General Motors bonds and Hathaway Insurance Co.'s purchase of 500,000 shares.
The transactions can be classified as follows:
Jim Henry bought 300 shares of I.B.M. through his brokerage account.
This transaction is a secondary market transaction. Jim Henry is purchasing shares of a publicly traded company (I.B.M.) through his brokerage account, which involves buying shares from an existing shareholder rather than directly from the company. Secondary market transactions involve the buying and selling of securities among investors.
Peggy White bought 5,000 shares of General Motors bonds from another investor.
This transaction is a secondary market transaction. Peggy White is purchasing bonds of General Motors from another investor, indicating that the bonds are being bought and sold among investors in the secondary market.
Hathaway Insurance Co. bought 500,000 shares of Tioga Corp when the company issued the stock.
This transaction is a primary market transaction. Hathaway Insurance Co. is buying shares directly from Tioga Corp when the company is issuing the stock for the first time. Primary market transactions involve the sale of securities directly by the issuer to investors.
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Calculate the NJ tax liability for the following workers. Use 1.5% for the state income tax withheld.
Ava - $235
Bea - $365
Sal - $425
Vera - $575.
Eric - $625.
the New Jersey tax liabilities for each worker are as follows:
Ava: $3.53 Bea: $5.48 Sal: $6.38
Vera: $8.63 Eric: $9.38
To calculate the New Jersey tax liability for the given workers, we will multiply their respective incomes by the state income tax rate of 1.5%. The calculations are as follows:
1. Ava:
Tax liability = $235 * 0.015 = $3.525 (rounded to $3.53)
2. Bea:
Tax liability = $365 * 0.015 = $5.475 (rounded to $5.48)
3. Sal:
Tax liability = $425 * 0.015 = $6.375 (rounded to $6.38)
4. Vera:
Tax liability = $575 * 0.015 = $8.625 (rounded to $8.63)
5. Eric:
Tax liability = $625 * 0.015 = $9.375 (rounded to $9.38)
Therefore, the New Jersey tax liabilities for each worker are as follows:
Ava: $3.53
Bea: $5.48
Sal: $6.38
Vera: $8.63
Eric: $9.38
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Briefly explain the role of rating agencies in direct financing. Explain why rating agencies may face conflict of interest in fulfilling this role.
Rating agencies play a crucial role in direct financing by assessing the creditworthiness and risk associated with various financial instruments, such as bonds or debt securities. Their primary function is to provide independent opinions on the credit quality of issuers and the likelihood of timely repayment of principal and interest.
The role of rating agencies includes conducting extensive research and analysis of the issuer's financial health, industry dynamics, and economic conditions to assign credit ratings.
These ratings reflect the agency's evaluation of the issuer's ability to meet its financial obligations. Investors and market participants rely on these ratings to make informed investment decisions and assess the relative risk of different securities.
However, rating agencies may face conflicts of interest in fulfilling their role. One significant conflict arises from their business model, where the issuers themselves pay the agencies for rating their securities. This creates a potential conflict as the agencies may be inclined to provide favorable ratings to attract more business from issuers. The agencies' financial dependence on issuers for revenue can undermine their independence and objectivity in assigning ratings.
Additionally, rating agencies may face pressure from issuers to maintain favorable ratings to avoid negative market reactions or increased borrowing costs. The fear of losing issuer clients or potential lawsuits can influence the agencies' judgment and lead to potential biases in the rating process.
The conflict of interest faced by rating agencies came under scrutiny during the global financial crisis of 2008 when certain complex financial instruments, like mortgage-backed securities, received high ratings despite their underlying risks. This highlighted the need for enhanced regulation and oversight of rating agencies to mitigate conflicts of interest and promote more accurate and reliable credit assessments.
To address these concerns, regulatory reforms have been implemented, such as the Dodd-Frank Act in the United States, to improve the accountability, transparency, and independence of rating agencies. These measures aim to enhance the credibility and integrity of the rating process and minimize the potential conflicts that may arise.
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cost-push inflation multiple choice is caused by excessive total spending. shifts the nation's production possibilities curve leftward. moves the economy inward from its production possibilities curve. is a mixed blessing because it has positive effects on real output and employment.
Cost-push inflation reduces real output and employment, and it is generally considered detrimental to the economy.Option D.
Cost-push inflation occurs when the overall costs of production for goods and services increase, leading to upward pressure on prices. Let's evaluate the given options:
a) Caused by excessive total spending: Cost-push inflation is not caused by excessive total spending. Instead, it is caused by factors such as increases in wages, raw material prices, or taxes, which raise the costs of production.
b) Shifts the nation's production possibilities curve leftward: Cost-push inflation does not directly shift the production possibilities curve. It affects the economy's aggregate supply, leading to a decrease in the quantity of goods and services supplied at each price level.
c) Moves the economy inward from its production possibilities curve: Cost-push inflation does not necessarily move the economy inward from its production possibilities curve. It affects the economy's ability to produce at full capacity, leading to a decrease in real output and potential GDP.
d) Is a mixed blessing because it has positive effects on real output and employment: Cost-push inflation is generally not considered a mixed blessing. While it may temporarily increase wages and output in specific sectors experiencing price increases, its overall impact is negative. It erodes purchasing power, reduces real income, and can lead to economic inefficiencies and uncertainties.
In summary, cost-push inflation is primarily characterized by increases in production costs that put upward pressure on prices. It does not result from excessive spending or cause shifts in the production possibilities curve. Instead, it decreases real output and employment and is generally considered detrimental to the economy. SO OptioN D is correct.
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The spot price of the market index is $900. The annual rate of interest on treasuries is 2.4%
(0.2%
per month). After 3 months the market index is priced at $920. An investor has a long call
option on the index at a strike price of $930. What profit or loss will the writer of the call option
earn if the option premium is 2.00?
The writer of the call option will earn a profit of $2.00, regardless of whether the market index price is above or below the strike price. The option premium remains the profit for the writer in both scenarios.
The profit or loss earned by the writer of the call option, we need to consider the option premium and the final value of the market index.
Spot price of the market index = $900
Annual interest rate on treasuries = 2.4% (0.2% per month)
After 3 months, market index price = $920
Strike price of the call option = $930
Option premium = $2.00
First, let's calculate the effective interest rate for 3 months:
Effective interest rate = (1 + monthly interest rate)^number of months - 1
Effective interest rate = (1 + 0.002)^3 - 1 ≈ 0.006006 or 0.6006%
The profit or loss, we need to compare the strike price of the call option with the final value of the market index.
1. If the market index price is below the strike price ($930) at expiration:
The call option is out of the money, and the writer retains the option premium as profit. In this case, the profit earned by the writer is $2.00.
2. If the market index price is above the strike price ($930) at expiration:
The call option is in the money, and the writer will need to pay the buyer the difference between the market index price and the strike price. However, since the market index price ($920) is still below the strike price, there is no additional payment required. The writer retains the option premium as profit. Therefore, the profit earned by the writer is $2.00.
In both cases, the writer of the call option earns a profit of $2.00.
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Which taxpayer(s) should file Schedule C (Form 1040) to report business actlvity? Albert. He and his brother own an unincorporated business together. They are both material participants. The business is a limited liability company under the laws of the state in which business is conducted. Brianna and her spouse, Chris. They are married and file a joint return. They are the only owners of a business in which they each materially participate. The business does not have limited liability status under state law. Brianna and Chris elect not to be treated as a partnership. hailing platfermm Paul and his sister Clara. They are the only owners of an unincorporated business in which they each materially participate. The business does not have limited liability status under state law
Albert, Brianna (and her spouse Chris), and Paul and Clara should file Schedule C (Form 1040) to report their business activity.
Schedule C (Form 1040) is used by taxpayers who operate a business as a sole proprietorship or as a single-member LLC. In the given scenarios, all three taxpayers meet the criteria for filing Schedule C.
Albert and his brother jointly own an unincorporated business. As material participants, they should file Schedule C to report their business activity.
Brianna and Chris, who are married and file a joint return, are the sole owners of a business in which they both materially participate. Even though their business does not have limited liability status under state law and they have elected not to be treated as a partnership, they should still file Schedule C.
Similarly, Paul and Clara, as the only owners of an unincorporated business, should file Schedule C since they both materially participate in the business, regardless of the business's limited liability status under state law.
In summary, all three scenarios involve taxpayers who meet the requirements for filing Schedule C to report their respective business activities.
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Five Lakes Transportation (FLT) began 2020 with accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid expenses totalling $68,000. At the end of the year, FLT had a total of $75,000 for these current assets. At the beginning of 2020 , FLT owed current liabilities of $44,000, and at year-end, current liabilities totalled $40,000. Net income for the year was $88,000. Included in net income were a $10,000 gain on the sale of land and depreciation expense of $7,000. Show how FLT should report cash flows from operating activities for 2020 . FLT uses the indirect method. (Use parentheses or a minus sign for numbers to be subtracted or a net decrease in cash.)
Cash flows from operating activities for 2020 as follows .Cash flows from operating activities . Net income $88,000Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities.
Depreciation expense $7,000Decrease in accounts receivable $(7,000)Increase in inventory $(2,000)Increase in prepaid expenses $(3,000)Decrease in current liabilities $(4,000)Net cash provided by operating activities $79,000Explanation:Given data: Beginning accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid expenses totalling $68,000. Ending accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid expenses totalling $75,000. Beginning current liabilities of $44,000. Ending current liabilities of $40,000. Net income of $88,000 with gain on the sale of land of $10,000 and depreciation expense of $7,000.Indirect method of cash flow statement:The indirect method starts with net income and then adjusts it for the effects of non-cash transactions and changes in current assets and liabilities.
The changes in current assets and liabilities are presented using changes in the balance sheet account from the beginning of the year to the end of the year. Increases in current assets are subtracted from net income, while decreases in current assets are added. Decreases in current liabilities are subtracted from net income, while increases in current liabilities are added. Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $88,000Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities :Depreciation expense $7,000Decrease in accounts receivable $(7,000)Increase in inventory $(2,000)Increase in prepaid expenses $(3,000)Decrease in current liabilities $(4,000)Net cash provided by operating activities $79,000Therefore, the cash flows from operating activities for FLT for 2020 is $79,000.
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Given below are the market demand and the corresponding marginal cost and werage cost functions for a competitive market.
P=500−3Q
MC=AC=75
a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity for this perfectly competitive market.
Previous question
Equilibrium price and quantity for this perfectly competitive market:
The equilibrium price and quantity for this perfectly competitive market can be determined by setting the market demand equal to the marginal cost. In this case, the market demand function is given as P = 500 - 3Q, and the marginal cost (MC) and average cost (AC) are both equal to 75.
Equilibrium price and quantity: P = $375, Q = 75
In a perfectly competitive market, the equilibrium occurs where the quantity demanded by consumers is equal to the quantity supplied by producers. This is achieved by setting the market demand equal to the marginal cost.
Given the market demand function P = 500 - 3Q, we can set it equal to the marginal cost (MC) function to find the equilibrium quantity:
500 - 3Q = 75
Solving for Q:
3Q = 500 - 75
3Q = 425
Q = 425/3
Q ≈ 141.67
Substituting the value of Q back into the market demand function to find the equilibrium price:
P = 500 - 3(141.67)
P ≈ $375
Therefore, the equilibrium price for this perfectly competitive market is approximately $375, and the equilibrium quantity is approximately 141.67 units.
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Suppose that your friend says that when income levels decrease, demand for goods and services always decreases as a result. Is your friend's conclusion correct? Explain. For full credit, make sure to use valid economic reasoning in your answer.
Your friend's conclusion that when income levels decrease, demand for goods and services always decreases as a result, is incorrect. Although the Law of Demand says that people usually buy less of a product when its price increases, it does not suggest that income has a direct impact on demand. When income falls, the demand for some products may rise while the demand for others may decrease.
Economic reasoning suggests that a reduction in income levels does not always imply a decline in demand. To better understand the relationship between income and demand, the law of demand should be taken into account, as well as the concept of inferior goods and necessities. Inferior products, which are goods whose sales fall when people's income increases, and necessities, which are goods that individuals continue to buy regardless of their income level, are two types of goods to consider. When individuals' income decreases, they may become more price-sensitive and switch to less costly goods, such as fast food or other inexpensive items, which can result in a rise in demand for inferior goods.
On the other hand, when individuals experience a fall in income, they may decrease their spending on luxurious products while still purchasing essential products like food, medical care, or utilities, resulting in a fall in demand for luxurious items.
Therefore, it is inaccurate to say that when income falls, the demand for goods and services always decreases, as this is not always the case.
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Assume that microsoft corporation acquired 90 perent of the outstanding common stock of powerline technologies for $3,000,000 cash plus 200,000 shares of microsoft's $10 par value common stock having a market value of $80 per share. immediately prior to the acquisition. the trial balances of the two companies were as follows:
Dr(Cr)
Microsoft Powerline
Current Assets $10,000,000 $2000,000
Plant and equipment, net 35,000,000 7,000,000
Current Liabilities (5,000,000) (1,500,000)
Long-term liabilities (20,000,000) (3,000,000)
Common Stock (3,000,000) (100,000)
additional paid-in capital (5,600,000) (1,450,000)
Retairned Earnings (11,000,000) (3,000,000)
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss (400,000) 50,000
0 0
A review of the fair values of powerline's assets indicates that current assets are overvalued by $500,000 plant and equipment is overvalued by $6,000,000, and previously unrecorded brand names have a fair value of $3,000,000. the fair value of the noncontrolling interest is $1,800,000
Required.
a. Calculate total goodwill and its allocation to the controlling and noncontrolling interests, following U.S. GAAP
b. Prepare a working paper to consolidate the balance sheets of microsoft and powerline at the date of acquisition, following U.S. GAAP.
c. Assume microsoft uses IFRS and the alternative valuation method for noncontrolling interests. Calculate total total goodwill and repeat part b following IFRS.
The consolidated balance sheet under IFRS would be the same as in part b, following U.S. GAAP.
To calculate the total goodwill, we need to determine the fair value of net assets acquired and the consideration transferred. The fair value of Powerline's net assets is calculated as follows:
Current Assets: $2,000,000 - $500,000 = $1,500,000
Plant and Equipment: $7,000,000 - $6,000,000 = $1,000,000
Brand Names: $3,000,000
Total Fair Value of Net Assets: $1,500,000 + $1,000,000 + $3,000,000 = $5,500,000
Consideration Transferred:
Cash: $3,000,000
Shares of Microsoft's Common Stock: 200,000 * $80 = $16,000,000
Total Consideration Transferred: $3,000,000 + $16,000,000 = $19,000,000
Goodwill: Total Consideration Transferred - Total Fair Value of Net Assets = $19,000,000 - $5,500,000 = $13,500,000
Allocation to Controlling Interest: $13,500,000 * (90% - 100%) = -$1,350,000
Allocation to Noncontrolling Interest: $13,500,000 * 10% = $1,350,000
To consolidate the balance sheets, we need to eliminate the investment and adjust the carrying values of Powerline's net assets:
Consolidated Balance Sheet (following U.S. GAAP):
Current Assets: $10,000,000 + $1,500,000 = $11,500,000
Plant and Equipment, net: $35,000,000 - $6,000,000 = $29,000,000
Brand Names: $3,000,000
Current Liabilities: $5,000,000 + $1,500,000 = $6,500,000
Long-term Liabilities: $20,000,000 - $3,000,000 = $17,000,000
Common Stock: $3,000,000 + ($100,000 * 90%) = $12,700,000
Additional Paid-in Capital: $5,600,000 + ($1,450,000 * 90%) = $6,995,000
Retained Earnings: $11,000,000 + ($3,000,000 * 90%) = $13,700,000
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss: ($400,000) + $50,000 = ($350,000)
Noncontrolling Interest: $1,350,000
If Microsoft uses IFRS and the alternative valuation method for noncontrolling interests, the total goodwill calculation remains the same. However, the allocation to the noncontrolling interest changes:
Allocation to Noncontrolling Interest: $13,500,000 * (10% - 0%) = $1,350,000
The consolidated balance sheet under IFRS would be the same as in part b, following U.S. GAAP.
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1- Write An Adjusment Letter In Which You Will Respond To The Complaint Addressed By A Customer In His Complaint Letter Below:
Upon careful examination of your complaint, we acknowledge that there was an error in [Specify the nature of the error or issue]. Please accept our sincere apologies for any inconvenience caused to you.
[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
[Date]
[Customer's Name]
[Customer's Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
Subject: Response to your complaint letter
Dear [Customer's Name],
I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing in response to your recent complaint letter dated [Date of Customer's Complaint], in which you expressed your dissatisfaction regarding [Nature of Complaint]. I would like to assure you that your concerns have been taken seriously, and we have thoroughly investigated the matter to provide you with a fair resolution.
Upon careful examination of your complaint, we acknowledge that there was an error in [Specify the nature of the error or issue]. Please accept our sincere apologies for any inconvenience caused to you. We value your patronage and want to ensure that you have a positive experience with our company.
To rectify the situation, we have conducted a thorough review of your account and the associated records. After a detailed analysis, we have identified the source of the error. It appears that the mistake occurred during the invoicing process, resulting in an overcharge of [Specify the amount or relevant details].
In light of this, we have recalculated your account balance and made the necessary adjustments. Please find enclosed a revised invoice reflecting the corrected amount owed. Furthermore, we have taken steps to address the internal issue that led to this error to prevent any recurrence in the future.
We deeply regret any inconvenience or frustration this situation may have caused you. Customer satisfaction is of utmost importance to us, and we take all feedback seriously to improve our services. As a token of our apology, we have credited your account with [Specify any applicable compensation or goodwill gesture]. We hope that this compensation demonstrates our commitment to resolving the matter to your satisfaction.
Should you have any further questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact our customer service department at [Customer Service Phone Number] or by email at [Customer Service Email Address]. Our dedicated team is available to assist you and address any additional issues you may have.
We genuinely appreciate your business and the opportunity to make things right. We value you as our customer and hope that you will give us another chance to serve you better in the future.
Thank you for bringing this matter to our attention, and we look forward to resolving it promptly.
Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]
[Your Designation]
[Company Name]
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