The electric potential at the midpoint between the two particles a proton and an electron is 2.95*10⁻³ V.
You employ the following to determine the two protons' combined electric potential at their midpoint:
[tex]V = V1 + V2 =k\frac{q}{r} +k\frac{q}{r} = 2\frac{kq}{r}[/tex]
where you have considered how each proton contributes to the overall electric potential.
k: Coulomb's constant = 8.98*10^9 Nm^2/C^2
q: charge of the proton = 1.6*10^{-19}C
r: distance from the point (at the midway distance between the protons) to one proton = 821nm = 821nm/2 = 410.5nm = 410.5*10⁻⁹m
You replace the values of the parameters in the equation (1):
[tex]V =2\frac{(8.98*10^-^9 Nm^2/C^2)(1.6*10^-^1^9)}{410.5*10^-^9 m} \\\\V = 2.95*10^-^3 V[/tex]
The electric potential is 2.95*10⁻³ V
Because each proton generates an electric field with a same magnitude but an opposite direction, there is no electric field at the halfway between the protons.
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Why is it difficult to make models of objects in the solar system?
Creating models of objects in the solar system is challenging due to the large distances, complex motions, interactions with other objects, and unknown properties of these objects.
The vast distances between the objects in the solar system can make it difficult to obtain accurate measurements of their positions and movements. The complex motions of the objects, including gravitational interactions with other objects, make it challenging to predict their positions and trajectories over long periods of time.
Additionally, some objects have properties that are not well understood, such as their composition and internal structure, making it difficult to model their movements accurately.
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explain why energy bonds for utilities tied to bakken shale oil are especially risky.
Energy bonds for utilities tied to Bakken shale oil are especially risky because of the volatile nature of the oil industry and because their oil is expensive to extract due to its geographic location.
The Bakken shale oil fields in North Dakota and Montana have been a major source of oil production in the United States, but the industry has seen a lot of ups and downs in recent years. This volatility can make it difficult for utilities to accurately predict their revenues and expenses, which can make it difficult to repay the bonds.
Additionally, the Bakken shale oil fields are subject to a number of environmental and regulatory risks, which can also impact the profitability of the utilities. As a result, energy bonds for utilities tied to Bakken shale oil are considered to be especially risky investments.
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Mallory pushes her water bottle of 1.70 kg to the side. She applies a force of 108.20 N to the right. If the bottle accelerates at 8.79 m/s2, what is the coefficient of friction?
According to the question, the coefficient of friction is found to be 0.138. It is the ratio of the frictional force resisting the motion of two surfaces in contact to the normal force pressing the two surfaces together.
What is the coefficient of friction?The coefficient of friction may be defined as a measure of the amount of friction that is significantly existing between two surfaces. When you find a coefficient of friction, you're calculating the resistance to motion at the interface of two surfaces of similar or dissimilar materials.
According to the question,
The force, F = m × a = 1.70 kg × 8.79 = 14.94 N.
The formula for calculating the coefficient of friction is as follows:
μ = F/N = 14.94/108.20 = 0.138.Therefore, the coefficient of friction is found to be 0.138.
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Only second question. Thanks
What 2 factors affect the gravitational potential energy of an object?
Gravitational potential energy of an object is affected by mass, gravity, and height. Energy is directly proportional to all three variables.
An thing inherently possesses a certain quantity of energy. The amount of energy an item possesses when a force coming from a distance, like as gravity, is acting on it and an object is not supporting it is known as the Gravitational Potential Energy. This energy can be utilised later to move an item since it can be stored and utilised at a later time.
We can claim that the following things affect the gravitational potential energy: weight of the thing. Size of the thing.
The energy that a large object has in relation to another large object due to gravity is known as gravitational potential energy.
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in a grocery store, you push a 15.5 kg shopping cart, such that it feels a horizontal net force of 14.0 n. if the cart starts at rest, how far does it move in 3.00 s?
The shopping cart moves a distance of 4.57 meters in 3.00 seconds.
Using Newton's second law, which relates force, mass, and acceleration we can solve this problem
F = ma
where F is the net force acting on the object, m is its mass, and a is its acceleration.
In the given problem, the net force acting on the shopping cart is 14.0 N, and its mass is 15.5 kg. We can rearrange the equation above to solve for the acceleration of the cart:
a = F/m
a = 14.0 N / 15.5 kg
a = 0.9032 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]
Now we can use the kinematic equation that relates distance, acceleration, and time:
d = 1/2 * a * [tex]t^2[/tex]
where d is the distance traveled, a is the acceleration, and t is the time.
Plugging in the values we have:
d = 1/2 * 0.9032 [tex]m/s^2[/tex] * [tex](3.00 s)^2[/tex]
d = 4.57 meters
Therefore, the shopping cart moves a distance of 4.57 meters in 3.00 seconds.
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an object whose center of gravity is below its point of support, will be in neutral equilibrium. true false
An object whose center of gravity is below its point of support will be in neutral equilibrium is a False Statement.
An object whose center of gravity is below its point of support will be in stable equilibrium, not neutral equilibrium. In stable equilibrium, if the object is displaced slightly from its equilibrium position, it will tend to return to that position. Neutral equilibrium occurs when the center of gravity is directly above the point of support, in which case the object will remain in its displaced position if moved slightly. Finally, unstable equilibrium occurs when the center of gravity is above the point of support, in which case the object will tend to fall over if displaced slightly.
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According to the universal law of gravitation, the force due to gravity is directly proportional to the product of the source and test masses and inversely proportional to the square of the separation between the centers of the source and test masses. True/False?
True, The universal law of gravitation, formulated by Sir Isaac Newton, states that the force of gravitational attraction between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses.
What is Universal Law of Gravitaion?
The Universal Law of Gravitaion is a fundamental law of physics that describes the force of gravitational attraction between two objects with mass. It was first formulated by Sir Isaac Newton in the 17th century and is still widely used today in various areas of science and engineering.
The law states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This means that the force of attraction between two objects increases as their masses increase, and decreases as the distance between them increases.
Mathematically, the Universal Law of Gravitation can be expressed as:
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
where F is the force of gravitational attraction between two objects, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, r is the distance between their centers, and G is the gravitational constant. The value of G is a constant that is the same for all objects in the universe, and its value has been experimentally determined to be approximately 6.67 x 10^-11 N*m^2/kg^2.
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a ball is thrown upward with an initial vertical speed of 46 m/s. the ball rises and falls to land on a 30 m tall tower. what speed does the ball have just before it lands on the tower? ignore air resistance.
The speed of the ball just before its land on the 30 tall Tower is 39.08m/s.
The ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial vertical speed of 46 m/s the ball rises and falls to land on a 30 m tall Tower.
First letters find out the maximum height of the ball by using the formula,
H = u²/2g
Where, H is height, u is initial speed, g is acceleration due to gravity.
Putting values,
H = 46×46/(2×9.8)
H = 107.95 m.
Now when the ball reaches the maximum height and lands on the 30 metre tall Tower it covers a distance d of 77.95 m.
Now, using this distance we can find the speed of the ball just before it lands on the tower by using the formula,
V = √(2gd)
V = √(2×9.8×77.95)
V = √(1527.82)
V = 39.08m/s.
So, the speed of the ball just before it lands on the tower is 39.08m/s.
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You kick a soccer ball with an initial vertical velocity of 14 m/s and a horizontal velocity of 18 m/s. What is the initial resultant velocity of the soccer ball?
Answer:
Explanation:
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While running at a constant velocity, how should you throw a ball with respect to you so that you can catch it yourself? Neglect air resistance.
While running at a constant velocity, how should you throw a ball with respect to you so that you can catch it yourself? Neglect air resistance.
A. Straight up
B. Slightly backward
C. It is impossible.
D. Slightly forward
If you are running at a constant velocity, you should throw the ball slightly forward with respect to you so that you can catch it yourself. Therefore, option D is correct.
What is constant velocity?An object is said to be moving at constant velocity when it is moving straight and fast. As a result, the item is not accelerating, which is defined as a change in velocity over time in either direction or speed. In other words, there is no net force acting on an item that is travelling at a constant speed.
If there are no forces acting on an object or if those forces are balanced, the object can have a constant velocity. A car is going with constant velocity, for instance, if it is moving at a constant speed in a straight path on a flat road with no external forces acting on it. Likewise, if a thing is going straight line at a constant speed through a vacuum, with no external forces acting upon it, then it is also moving with constant velocity.
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A student measures the mass of a solution before and after a chemical reaction takes place. In both cases the students measures the mass to be 50.25 g on an electronic balance with an uncertainty of 0.05 g. The student realizes that the ranges of uncertainty for each measurement overlap exactly. Which claim can the student make?
A. The mass definitely stayed the same because the measurement of 50.25 g was obtained each time.
B. The mass definitely stayed the same because the ranges of uncertainty overlap exactly.
C. We can’t know for sure whether or not the mass changed, but it seems reasonable to claim that the mass did not change, given that the ranges of uncertainty overlap.
The correct claim the student can make is: B. The mass definitely stayed the same because the ranges of uncertainty overlap exactly.
What is mass?A measurement of the quantity of matter in an item or system, mass is a basic physical characteristic of matter. Due to its scalar nature, it has simply magnitude and no direction. One of the most fundamental ideas in physics is mass, which is also connected to other key ideas like weight, force, and energy.
The kilogram is the SI unit of mass (kg). There are several ways to measure mass, but the most popular one is with a balance or a scale. A balance assesses an object's mass in relation to a recognized standard. Contrarily, a scale employs a force to overcome an object's gravitational pull before measuring the result.
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the wheelbase on a truck is 2.4 m wide and the truck's center of mass is located along the vertical centerline of the truck and 2.0 m above the bottom of the tires. the truck is going around a banked turn, when it is forced to stop. what is the maximum slope that the bank can have such that the truck will not tip over?
As center of mass is located along the vertical centerline of the truck, The maximum slope that the bank can have such that the truck will not tip over is 16.7°.
To calculate the maximum slope that the bank can have such that the truck will not tip over, we need to consider the forces acting on the truck and the torque due to these forces. The forces acting on the truck are the weight of the truck and the normal force of the road, and the torque is due to the fact that these forces do not act through the center of mass of the truck. The maximum slope can be calculated by finding the angle at which the normal force is reduced to zero, causing the truck to tip over. At this point, the weight of the truck will provide the only force acting on the truck, and it will act through the edge of the tires.
Let θ be the angle of the bank, and let W be the weight of the truck. The normal force acting on the truck:-
N = W cosθ
The weight of the truck acts through the center of mass, which is located 2.0 m above the bottom of the tires. The torque due to the weight:-
τ W = W * 2.0 * sinθ
The normal force acts through the center of the tires, which are located 1.2 m apart. The torque due to the normal force:-
τ N = N * 1.2/2 * sinθ
For the truck not to tip over, the torque due to the normal force must be greater than or equal to the torque due to the weight:
τ N ≥ τ W
Reserving the expressions for N and the torques:-
W cosθ * 0.6 * sinθ ≥ W * 2.0 * sinθ
Simplifying:-
tanθ ≥ 0.6/2.0
θ ≥ arctan0.3
θ ≥ 16.7°
Therefore, the maximum slope that the bank can have such that the truck will not tip over is 16.7°.
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now suppose you turned the dac on to charge the capacitor, then unplugged the capacitor from the dac (while the dac was still on). what happens to the voltage across the capacitor after unplugging it from the dac?
The charge will not change if the capacitor is not connected to the battery. When the plates of a capacitor are shifted further apart, the capacitance Cd1 drops.
What happens to the voltage across the capacitor?The energy stored by capacitor U(=2Cq) grows when the battery is disconnected because the charge on the capacitor stays constant.
The capacitor, which we were informed was entirely depleted, has zero voltage across it when the switch is first closed, making it appear as though there is a short circuit.
The capacitor will eventually operate as an open circuit because the voltage of the capacitor will eventually equal the voltage of the battery.
Therefore, after a capacitor is simply connected across a battery, its voltage will be the same as the battery terminal voltage when the battery is disconnected, and it will have an energy reserve equal to capacitance times voltage divided by two.
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Why do you never see the Moon next to, say, Polaris?
The brightness of the Moon can make it difficult to see fainter stars in its vicinity, further decreasing the likelihood of seeing it near Polaris in the night sky.
The Earth revolves on its axis as the Moon travels around it. The location of celestial objects in the sky seems to vary over time because to the Earth's rotation. Since it sits practically immediately above the North Pole of the Earth, Polaris, also known as the North Star, seems to remain motionless in the sky while all other stars appear to revolve around it.
The Moon, on the other hand, does one full circuit of the Earth every 27.3 days, traveling a distance of around 384,400 kilometers (238,855 miles) on average. Its location in relation to the stars, including Polaris, shifts as it circles.
The Moon will occasionally seem near to Polaris in the night sky, while other times it will look far away due to the Earth's rotation and the Moon's orbit. It is quite uncommon to observe the Moon and Polaris in close proximity to one another since their positions in relation to one another are continually shifting. Further reducing the chances of spotting the Moon close to Polaris in the night sky is the brightness of the Moon, which can make it challenging to discern nearby fainter stars.
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Explain how you can tell from the shape of
the graph when the girl travelled fastest.
Over which stage did this happen?
Why does an iceberg have more total internal energy than a pan of boiling water, even though the iceberg has a lower temperature? In your answer, use the words “potential,” “kinetic,” and “thermal.”
An iceberg has more total internal energy than a pan of boiling water due to its greater potential energy and the greater amount of thermal energy contained in its larger mass.
What is total internal energy?
Total internal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy of the molecules in a system and the potential energy of their interactions. It is a measure of the energy contained within a system and is typically expressed in joules.
The total internal energy of an object is the sum of its potential and kinetic energies, as well as any thermal energy it contains. Even though the temperature of an iceberg is lower than that of a pan of boiling water, an iceberg has more total internal energy for two reasons: potential energy and the amount of thermal energy. Potential energy is energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to other objects. An iceberg floating in water is at a higher position than the water in the pan, so it has more gravitational potential energy. Thermal energy is the energy that is associated with the random motion of particles in a system. The internal energy of a system is proportional to the temperature, but it also depends on the number of particles in the system, which is referred to as its mass. Since an iceberg is much larger than a pan of boiling water, it contains more particles and therefore has more thermal energy.
Therefore, greater potential energy and the greater amount of thermal energy contained in its larger mass.
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at the instant the traffic light turns green, an automobile starts with a constant acceleration of 2.70 m/s2. at the same instant a truck, traveling with a constant speed of 11.30 m/s, overtakes and passes the automobile. (a) how far beyond the traffic signal will the automobile overtake the truck?
The traffic signal will the automobile overtake the truck far away beyond the traffic signal is 2.7 m.
The difference between haste and relative haste is that haste is measured with respect to a reference point which is relative to a different point. While relative haste is measured in a frame where an object is either at rest or moving with respect to the absolute frame.
The relative haste is defined as the haste of an object with respect to another bystander.
It's the time rate of change of relative position of one object with respect to another object.
W.r.t automobile,
u = ut - ua at t=0
= 11.3 - 0
= 11.3 m/s
d = dt - da
= 0 - 2.7 = -2.7m/s²
So, s = ut + 1/2at²
= 11.3(t) - 2.7/2 at²
0 = 11.3t - 2.7/2 t²
= 11.3t - 1.35 t²
11.3t = 1.35t²
t = 11.3/1.35
t = 8.37 sec
They will overtake again at 8.37 s
v = 11.3 m/s and st = vx1 = 11.3 m
both truck and car would travelled 11.3 m
Speed of automobile,
v = u + at
= 0 + 2.7(1)
= 2.7 m/s
Speed of the automobile is : 2.7 m/s
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When a surface is experiencing friction with another surface, how are the particles affected? Address both movement and spacing in your answer.
When two surfaces experience friction with each other, the particles on the surfaces are affected in two ways: movement and spacing. The particles on the surfaces move against each other, creating a force that resists the motion of the two surfaces. This force is known as friction. At the same time, the particles on the surfaces are also pushed apart, creating a small gap between the two surfaces. This gap is known as the coefficient of friction, and it affects the amount of friction that is experienced between the two surfaces.
A cup dropped from a certain height which breaks into peices what energy changes are involved?
In a case whereby a cup dropped from a certain height which breaks into peices the energy changes that are involved are:
the potential energy that the cup has is converting into kinetic energy.when that cup falls down to ground the kinetic energy is converted into sound energy.What is meant by energy conversion?The process of turning one form of energy into another is known as energy conversion. Since energy is a variable that is capable of conservation, any change in energy in systems can only be made by removing or adding energy from it.
First, because of its height, it possesses potential energy (P.E. ), which when dropped transforms into kinetic energy (K.E. ), which pushes the object downward, as well as heat energy through friction and collisions with air molecules. Its K.E is transformed into sound energy as it hits the ground, and some energy is used to break the cup into pieces.
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A system is at rest. The mass of each object is shown. Neglecting the mass of the strings, how many forces are acting on the 6 kg block?
string 1
6kg
string 2
9kg
A. There is 1 force.
B. There are 2 forces.
C. There are 3 forces.
D. There are 4 forces.
A system is at rest. The mass of each object is shown. Neglecting the mass of the strings, the number of forces that are acting on the 6 kg block is option B. There are 2 forces
How did we arrive at the assertion?The system is at rest, so the forces acting on the 6 kg block must be balanced. Since the only forces acting on the block are the tensions in the strings, there must be two forces acting on the block. The correct answer is B. There are 2 forces.
Therefore, the mass of each object is shown. Neglecting the mass of the strings, the number of forces that are acting on the 6 kg block is option B. There are 2 forces.
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A Toy Boat with a force of 40.0 N is required to pull a 10.0-kg wooden toy boat at a constant velocity across a smooth glass surface on Earth. What is the force that would be required to pull the same wooden toy boat across the same glass surface on the planet Jupiter?
The force required in Jupiter is 80 N.
What is the acceleration due to gravity on Jupiter?The strength of the gravitational field on Jupiter is determined by its mass and size, as well as the distance from its surface to the center of the planet. Because Jupiter is much larger and more massive than Earth, its gravitational field is much stronger, which results in a higher acceleration due to gravity.
In this case we need to know the value of the acceleration due to gravity on the Jupiter planet which is 8 m / s 2.
Thus we would need;
mg = 10 Kg * 8 m / s 2. = 80 N
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a large truck tire is inflated to a gauge pressure of 78 psi. the total area of one sidewall of the tire is 1,270 in2. what is the net outward force (in lb) on the sidewall because of the air pressure? (enter the magnitude.)
What you've learned about people researching. Be sure to discuss some of the issues Oliver points to regarding research methods and representativeness that you think are relevant to this article about monkey pox, or others you might have seen. Expand your discussion by reflecting on how you make meaning of the 'deeply embedded systems, laws, written or unwritten policies,' etc. That play a role here as well
Research methods and representativeness play a crucial role in scientific studies, and they are essential for drawing accurate conclusions.
As Oliver points out, issues such as selection bias, sampling methods, and the generalizability of findings can all impact the validity of research. In the case of the article about moneypox, it is essential to consider the representativeness of the sample, which was limited to individuals who sought healthcare.
This limitation could impact the accuracy of the reported incidence rates. Furthermore, it is important to acknowledge the deeply embedded systems, laws, and policies that influence research and its outcomes, such as funding biases or political agendas. Being aware of these factors is crucial for interpreting and contextualizing research findings.
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A 600 g bat is swung quickly and hits a 150 g baseball. Which is true? a. The bat exerts a larger force on the ball than the ball exerts on the bat. b. The bat exerts a force on the ball, but the ball does not exert a force on the bat. c. The bat exerts the same amount force on the ball as the ball exerts on the bat.d. The bat exerts less force on the ball than the ball exerts on the bat.
Answer:
C) Each exerts an equal force on each other - Newton's Third Law states that for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction.
what units are used to measure mass in gravity calculations?a. N/kgb. mgc. gd. kge. Mg
The sign "kg" stands for kilogramme (kg), which is the unit of mass used in gravity calculations.
What units are used in gravity calculations to measure mass?The kilogramme is the standard mass unit that is used almost globally and is the SI unit of mass. The kilogramme weighs 9.8 Newtons under normal conditions on the surface of the Earth, and the Newton is the corresponding SI unit of force and weight.
Does mass have a newton unit?The unit of measurement for mass, or mass in kilogramme, is matter. A bird's bulk remains constant. No matter where you weigh something—on Earth, the Moon, or Mars—it always weighs 15 grammes. Weight is a measurement of the gravitational pull of an object and is determined by newtons.
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A mineral, as geologists understand the term, is a naturally occurring solid substance with a definable chemical composition and:a fixed crystalline structure
Answer:
Explanation:
Yes, that is correct! A mineral, as defined by geologists, is a naturally occurring solid substance with a definable chemical composition and a fixed crystalline structure. This definition is based on the idea that minerals have a specific chemical composition and crystal structure that can be used to identify and classify them. The crystalline structure of minerals gives them unique physical properties, such as hardness, luster, and cleavage, that can be used to distinguish them from other substances.
6. A 10 kg bicycle and a 54 kg rider both have a velocity of 4,2 m.s¹ east. Draw momentum vectors for: a) the bicycle
The momentum of the bicycle is 42 kgm/s.
The momentum diagram is a straight line pointing towards east.
What is the momentum of the bicycle?
Momentum is a concept in physics that describes the movement of an object. It is a vector quantity, which means it has both magnitude and direction. The momentum of an object is defined as the product of its mass and velocity, and is represented mathematically as:
p = mv
where;
p is the momentum, m is the mass of the object, and v is its velocity.The direction of the momentum is the same as the direction of the velocity of the object.
The momentum of the bicycle is calculated as;
P = 10 kg x 4.2 m/s
P = 42 kgm/s
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if the other charges are fixed in place and charge 2q is allowed to move, what will be the kinetic energy k2q of charge 2q when it is very far from the other charges? express your answer in terms of q , d , and appropriate constants.
K2q = 7.76kg^3/d will be the kinetic energy k2q of charge 2q when it is very far from the other charges.
At the corner of the square, the potential energy of interaction of other charges with the charge 2q is given by U_2q
So
U2q.i = k2qq1 / d+k2qq1 / d+k2qq1 = 7.746kg^3 / d
Also, since v_B also
The initial energy of the system is given by;
E_i = U2qi + k2qi =7.76*kg^2/d
Since U2qf=0, the final energy of the system is obtained by
Ef = U2qf + K2qf =k2qf
From the law of conservation of energy, Ei = Ef
Therefore, K2q = 7.76kg^3/d
Kinetic energy is the electricity an item possesses with the aid of distinctive feature of its movement. it is described because the work required to accelerate an object from relaxation to its present day speed. The faster an object moves, the greater its kinetic energy.Kinetic energy is a fundamental concept in physics, and it has important applications in many fields, including engineering, sports, and transportation.
It is also a crucial concept in understanding the behavior of particles and molecules in chemistry and biology.The formula for calculating kinetic energy is 1/2 * mass * velocity^2, where mass is the mass of the object and velocity is its speed in a given direction. This equation shows that the amount of kinetic energy an object has is proportional to its mass and the square of its velocity.
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Explain the applications of Newton’s law of motion to the concept of displacement, velocity and acceleration
Answer:
Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it. These laws can be applied to the concepts of displacement, velocity, and acceleration as follows:
-First Law: The law of inertia
This law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. This law implies that if there is no net force acting on an object, the object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line. In terms of displacement, this law means that an object's displacement will not change unless acted upon by an external force. In terms of velocity, an object's velocity will remain constant unless acted upon by an external force. In terms of acceleration, an object's acceleration will be zero unless acted upon by an external force.
-Second Law: The law of force and acceleration
This law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. In terms of displacement, this law means that the displacement of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it. In terms of velocity, this law means that the change in velocity of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it. In terms of acceleration, this law means that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
-Third Law: The law of action and reaction
This law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In terms of displacement, this law means that if an object exerts a force on another object, the other object will exert an equal and opposite force on the first object, resulting in a displacement. In terms of velocity, this law means that if an object exerts a force on another object, the other object will exert an equal and opposite force on the first object, resulting in a change in velocity. In terms of acceleration, this law means that if an object exerts a force on another object, the other object will exert an equal and opposite force on the first object, resulting in a change in acceleration.
In summary, Newton's laws of motion have numerous applications to the concepts of displacement, velocity, and acceleration. These laws can help us understand how objects move and how they respond to external forces. They are essential for fields such as physics, engineering, and astronomy, where the motion of objects is of critical importance.
Explanation:
Newton’s First Law of Motion
“An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by a net external force"
This means that motion cannot change or decrease without the effect of an unbalanced force. If nothing happens to you, you will never go anywhere. If you’re going in a certain direction, unless something happens to you, you’ll always go that way forever.
That is, if the resultant force (the vector sum of the forces acting on the body) is zero, then the velocity of the object is constant. When we say that the velocity of an object is constant, we mean that both magnitude and direction are constant.
Examples
The electric fan continues to move for a period after the electricity is turned off.
Fall back forward when the stationary bus starts to move.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
“If a force affects an object, the object gains acceleration, proportional to its strength and inversely proportional to its mass.”
Newton’s second law studies the movement of an object when external forces affect it. When a constant force affects a huge object, it causes it to accelerate, that is, to change its speed, at a constant rate.
In the simplest case, the force acting on an object at rest causes it to accelerate in the direction of the force. However, if the object is indeed in motion it may appear that the object is speeding up, slowing down, or changing its direction depending on the direction of force, directions taken by the object, and the frame of reference in which it is moving Relative to each other.
This relationship applies the principle of preserving the momentum, which is that when the sum of the resultant forces acting on the object is equal to zero, the momentum of the object remains constant. The resultant force is equal to the rate of change in the momentum.
This law also means that when two equal forces act on two different bodies, the object with greater mass will have less acceleration and slower motion, and the object with less mass has greater acceleration. For example, to illustrate:
If we have two similar engines, one for a large car and the other for a small car, then the small one will have more acceleration because its mass is less and the large one will have less acceleration because its mass is greater.
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.”
All forces in the universe occur in equal but oppositely directed pairs. There are no isolated forces; for every external force that acts on an object there is a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction which acts back on the object which exerted that external force.
In the case of internal forces, a force on one part of a system will be countered by a reaction force on another part of the system so that an isolated system cannot by any means exert a net force on the system as a whole. A system cannot “bootstrap” itself into motion with purely internal forces, to achieve a net force and an acceleration, it must interact with an object external to itself.
Engineers apply Newton’s third law when designing rockets and other devices, for example, the rush of gases from the rocket to the top when it ignites causes it to increase its speed.
When a person walks it affects the earth strongly and the earth also strongly affects it so both the earth and the person affect each other.
When you jump, your feet apply force to the ground, and the earth applies an equal and opposite reaction force that pushes you into the air.
When a person is in water, the water pushes the person forward while the person pushes the water back, both affect each other.
