Answer:
Point mutation
Explanation:
Scientists predict that we will eventually use up all available fossil fuels. Which list includes only fossil fuels?.
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the erythrocyte count increases after a while when an individual goes from a low to a high altitude because the (fill in the blank) .
The erythrocyte count increases after a while when an individual goes from a low to a high altitude because , At high altitudes, both the total atmospheric pressure and the partial pressure of oxygen are low.
The cells that carry hemoglobin, an oxygen-transporting protein that gives blood its red hue, are known as erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBCs). Over 99% of the blood's biological composition consists of red blood cells. About five million RBCs may be found in one microliter of blood.
Because there is less O2 available to be loaded, high-altitude situations invariably result in lower-than-normal hemoglobin saturation levels.
High elevations result in an increase in blood hemoglobin levels. This is one of the most well-known effects of high altitude acclimatization. Oxygen may be transported more easily when there is more hemoglobin in the blood.
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hich cell type, molecule, or process listed below among a - d does not have a function or rolein both the innate and adaptive immune systems? a. macrophages b. dendritic cells c. complement d. phagocytosis e. a - d all have a role in both systems.
The correct response is complement. It do not have a function or role in both the innate and adaptive immune system.
Adaptive immune responses have the purpose of eliminating invasive infections and any hazardous chemicals they may create. It is essential that these responses are only created in response to molecules that are foreign to the host and not the molecules of the host itself because they are damaging. Innate immunity, also known as nonspecific immunity, is the defense mechanism you were born with. You are shielded from all antigens by it. Barriers that prevent hazardous substances from entering your body are a part of innate immunity. These barriers serve as the immune system's first line of defense.
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Marine Science How does a sperm whale’s body adjust to hydrostatic pressure? please explain
Sperm whales have the ability to plunge down to 2000m which is 200 atmospheres in pressure. This pressure is continuously exerted on the top of its body. Now, whales have access to reserve oxygen in their blood and muscles.
What is Hydrostatic pressure?Hydrostatic pressure may be defined as a type of pressure that is generated by the force of fluid within or outside of the capillary on the capillary wall. The migration of blood from one region to another stimulates some sort of hydrostatic pressure.
As Whales have more than 2x the hemoglobin in their blood while humans have 10x the myoglobin. A sperm whale can plunge down more than 2,000 meters and can remain inundated for up to an hour.
The fluid of the sperm whale hardens as strongly as wax when it is exposed to cold. This supports the whale altering its buoyancy so it can dive deep and rise again.
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What is the spinal cord structure that consists of nerves that leave the conus medullaris and lumbar enlargement and pass downward through the vertebral canal, resembling a horse tail?.
Spinal Cord is long, tube-band of tissue which is connect brain to our lower back. Spinal Cord is is a cylindrical structure which is carries nerve signal from our brain to our body and vice versa.
People mostly misunderstand Spinal Cord as Spine, but Spinal Cord is structured by band of tissues, nerves and cells.
Spinal Cord Functions are:
Control body movement, such as heartbeatNotify sense to our brain, such as when we hurtControl body reflex, such as moving your neck when someone touch it.Explanation:
Cauda Equina Syndrome also known as Cauda Equina is structure of Spinal cord which ends at the upper part of the lumbar (lower back) spine or at the first level or second level of lumbar, this condition which are like horse tail or called as Cauda Equina which means horse tail in Latin.
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Chromosomes and genes are alike because they both contain _____________________ material.
loss of which combinations of proteins would likely promote hedgehog pathway activation? i. ptch1 and sufu ii. hedgehog and ptch1 iii. smo and gli iv. ptch1 and smo v. sufu and gli
hedgehog and ptch1 protein loss would likely promote hedgehog pathway activation .
Hedgehog signaling pathway transmits information to embryonic cells required for proper cell differentiation. Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is a major regulator of many fundamental processes in vertebrate embryonic development including stem cell.
Hedgehog signaling pathway is a mechanism that directs the development of embryonic cells in animals, from invertebrates to vertebrates. PTCH1 gene provides instructions for producing the patched-1 protein, which functions as a receptor these receptor works for the cell development and function .
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Which macromolecule would serve as an energy source for the cell and is used as a component in the cell wall of plants?.
When a pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, which process is responsible?.
A Pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, through the osmosis process. Thus the correct answer is option (D).
While the sea is hypertonic, the cell is hypotonic.
The solute concentration in the hypertonic solution is higher than that of the cell's interior.
Osmosis is the process that happens when two dilutions of different concentrations are separated by a semipermeable membrane, such as the interior of a cell and salt water.
Water can travel across the membrane, but not a solute. Water can thus go from the side that is most diluted (the cell) to the side that is less diluted (the sea).
When the concentrations on both sides are identical, water has a tendency to go from the hypotonic solution to the hypertonic one.
Thus a Pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, through the osmosis process.
The complete question is:
Read the paragraph.
Despite its name, the Pacific sea horse is actually a type of fish. Its horse-shaped head gives it its name. This creature lives in the Pacific waters off the west coast of the Americas, from Peru to Southern California. Like many other ocean fish, sea horses face the constant challenge of losing water to their saltier environment.
When a Pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, which process is responsible?
(A). endocytosis
(B). exocytosis
(C). active transport
(D). osmosis
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describe two early hypotheses that dr. gillespie proposed to explain the morph ratio in the happy-face spider.
The first hypothesis is “why did each island have a 2:1 ratio of yellow to other morphs.” The second hypothesis is “why did the spiders come onto the islands in corresending order from 1 to 42”.
The current theory put forth by Gillespie and colleagues claims that predators looking for happy-face spiders keep the islands' 2:1 ratio constant. Predators on each island are either ineffectively looking for many morphs or effectively looking for the most prevalent morph, the yellow morph. Non-yellow morphs benefit from this since they are able to avoid predators more frequently. However, as other morphs become quite prevalent, predators begin to seek them out, which drives their frequencies back down. This method might shed light on why different morphs have evolved on different islands and why yellow and other spiders are regularly found in a 2:1 ratio.
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which process occurs directly after meiosis ii?responsescell differentiationcell differentiationdna replicationuppercase d n a replicationmitosismitosisreproductionreproduction
After cell has undergone meiosis ii it enters into the phase of cell differentiation.
Thus, after meiosis II is complete, four haploid daughter cells are created, each of which only has one copy of each chromosome. The haploid cells, also known as primordial germ cells, go through cell development and develop particular characteristics based on their purpose. It produces spermatids and eventually sperm in males, and an ovum or egg in females. These cells are a component of the reproduction process and are known as sexual cells or germ cells.
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during meiosis, if the parent cell starts with six chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the cell at metaphase i and anaphase i? how many in metaphase ii and anaphase ii?
These chromatids are divided during anaphase and attracted to the opposite poles of the cell. This division produces 92 distinct chromatids in the cell, which are regarded as 92 chromosomes.
In the cell at anaphase 1, how many chromosomes are there?
chromosomes with 46 in total. From from point on, we will refer to these divided sister chromatids as daughter chromosomes. Each end of the cell has an identical and full set of 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes, at the end of anaphase; they are still diploid.
Metaphase 1 has how many chromosomes?
chromosomes with 46 in total. In metaphase I, there are a total of 46 chromosomes, each of which is made up of two sister chromatids. There are 23 homologous pairs with two full chromosomes in each. throughout telophase I.
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the contents of this organ are so acidic that vomit (which starts in this organ) can burn a hole in a carpet. why doesn't this organ digest itself? the lining of mucus protects it.
The lining of mucus protects the organ.
Mucus is a highly hydrated gel that consists of 95% water, 5% mucin glycoprotein, and minor components such as electrolytes.
Mucus lining are present in inner lines of stomach , organ cavity , nose ears lungs and they works in providing a slippery layer . Mucous membranes are epithelial membranes that consist of epithelial tissue that is attached to an underlying loose connective tissue. Mouth, tongue, esophagus, stomach, and intestines are also lined with mucous membranes. These membranes are termed as the oral mucosa, esophageal mucosa, gastric mucosa, and intestinal mucosa respectively.
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What would be the result of a cell that completed mitosis but did not successfully complete cytokinesis?
A-Two genetically different daughter cells
B-One large cell with two nuclei
C -One daughter cell with two nuclei and one with no nucleus
D-Two genetically identical daughter cells
When a cell undergoes mitosis but did not successfully complete cytokinesis has one large cell with two nuclei. The correct option to this question is B.
Without cytokinesis, mitosis results in:The final stage of mitosis, known as cytokinesis, is when a cell's cytoplasm and nucleus are divided into two separate, identical daughter cells.Without cytokinesis, mitosis produces a cell with multiple nuclei but a linked cytoplasm (syncytium).A cell with several nuclei is said to be multinucleated.This may be a frequent occurrence. For instance, multinucleated bone cells (osteoclasts) develop in this way in humans.During their early development, some insects, like the fruit fly, demonstrate mitosis without cytokinesis (Drosophila).It might also be a sign of a cell cycle disruption, a pathogenic condition seen in malignancies.For more information on cell cycle kindly visit to
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The latitudes at which hot deserts are found have enough direct solar heating to produce high temperatures. Which of these is another primary factor that defines deserts?
Responses
The primary factor for desert is where atmospheric convection in a dry air mass hot deserts are fount at this latitudes.
What is a factor that defines deserts?Ascending and descending air creates areas of high and low pressure. As the air heats, it rises, resulting in low pressure at the surface.
As the air cools, it descends, resulting in high pressure at the surface. Low-pressure systems are typically associated with clouds and precipitation,
Which minimizes temperature changes throughout the day, whereas high-pressure systems are typically associated with dry weather and mostly clear skies.
Therefore dry air mass defines a desert and has a high temperature.
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PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer:
B.)consumer
Explanation:
Because it eats up the leaf right it consumes it .easy peasy
Answer:
b) Consumer
Explanation:
The organisms that gets its energy by eating other organism is called as consumers. Hence, option (b) is correct.
When the fragments of DNA start to reach the end of the gel, the electricity is turned off
When the electricity is turned off the fragments of DNA start to reach the end of the gel because electric current allow to move the molecules through the gel or matrix.
What is Gel Electrophoresis?Gel electrophoresis is a technique commonly used in laboratories to separate charge molecules day and like DNA, RNA and proteins according to their size.
When electric current is passed across the gel, the molecules which are charged move through the gel. One end of the gel has a positive charge and the other end of the gel has a negative charge.
When electric current is applied across the gel ,the movement of these charge particles occur which is called migration. These migrated molecule migrate towards the opposite charges like molecule with negative charge get pulled towards the positive and positive charge get pulled towards the negative.
The gel is made up of permeable matrix ,a bit like sieve structure through which molecules travel when electric current is passed through it.
Thus, when the electricity is turned off the fragments of DNA start to reach the end of the gel because electric current allow to move the molecules through the gel or matrix.
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definition in metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered in components of the electron transport chain. what do they do? a) donate electrons b) act as reducing agents c) act as oxidizing agents d) transport protons within the mitochondria and chloroplasts e) both oxidize and reduce during electron transport
Both oxidize and reduce during electron transport. Option E.
Photosynthesis produces glucose this is used in cell respiratory to provide ATP. Glucose is then converted to carbon dioxide and used for photosynthesis. Water is damaged down into oxygen throughout photosynthesis, but oxygen combines with hydrogen during cell respiration to provide water.
Cell respiratory is a chain of metabolic reactions and strategies that convert biochemical energy from nutrients to adenosine triphosphate ATP and launch waste merchandise inside the cells of an organism.
Metabolism is the chemical response within the frame's cells that convert food into strength. Our our bodies want this power to do the entirety from transferring to wondering to developing. positive proteins in the frame control metabolic chemical reactions.
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what data would dr. losey need to collect in order to support his hypothesis that bt corn is the reason for the declining population of monarch butterflies?
Dr. Losey needs to collect data on how long larvae live on milweed plants near and far from Bt corn fields.
The monarch butterfly is one of the most well-known and researched butterflies on the planet. It has orange wings that are laced with black lines and surrounded by white dots. Millions of monarch butterflies migrate from the United States and Canada south to California and Mexico for the winter. Biotechnology has been used to improve Bt corn's resistance to insect pests. Its insect protection is provided by a naturally occurring microorganism known as Bacillus thuringiensis, or "Bt." The protein produced by Bt corn targets caterpillars of the order Lepidoptera.
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Which group of components is common to the circulatory systems of most living animals?.
The group of components common to the circulatory systems of most living animals is: (B) vessels, heart, circulating fluid.
Vessels are the blood vessels that function to transport blood to the whole body. There are three types of blood vessels in human body. These are: arteries, veins and capillaries. Arteries carry blood from the heart, veins carry blood to the heart whereas capillaries are the fine network of vessels that mediate the exchange of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood near the organ.
Heart is the main circulatory organ that pumps blood constantly to the whole body. The heart is made up of cardiac muscles that maintain their movement involuntarily.
The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
Which three components are common to the circulatory systems of most living animals?
A. arteries, veins, capillaries
B. vessels, heart, circulating fluid
C. aorta, ventricles, atria
D. blood, heart, cavities
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The table shows the energy that is stored in three types of organic molecules.
Energy Storage in Humans
Free glucose in blood has 4 kilocalories per gram, 40 kilocalories of energy storage, and a few minutes of life support time. Glycogen has 4 kilocalories per gram, 600 to 1600 kilocalories of energy storage, and 1 day of life support time. Lipids have 9 kilocalories per gram, 100,000 kilocalories of energy storage, and 30 to 40 days of life support time.
What is the best conclusion based on this data?
Blood is a primary location for energy storage.
Fat molecules contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugars.
A gram of glycogen has twice as much energy as a gram of fat.
The human body stores approximately 1,000 kcal of glucose.
Based on the data shown, the best conclusion would be that fat molecules contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugars. Option 2.
Drawing conclusions based on dataFrom the available data shown in the illustration, the following can be deduced:
1 gram of free glucose = 4 kilocalories, 40 kilocalories of energy storage, few minutes of life support.1 gram of glycogen = 4 kilocalories, 600 to 1600 kilocalories of energy storage, 1 day life support.1 gram of lipid = 9 kilocalories, 100,000 kilocalories of energy storage, 30 to 40 days of life support.Based on the information extracted, one can see that glucose offers the lowest amount of energy, storage energy, and life support time per gram.
On the other hand, lipid appears to offer the highest energy, storage energy, as well as life support time. Glucogen has values that lie in-between glucose and lipid.
In other words, fats being a type of lipid appears to contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugar, glucose.
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Answer:B
Explanation: took the test
Which change would cause an increase in afferent arteriolar resistance due to paracrine signaling from the macula densa?.
Greater sodium concentration in the distal tubule, cause an increase in afferent arteriolar resistance due to paracrine signaling from the macula densa.
Arterioles have the highest development in resistance and significantly lower blood pressure than other organs. Arterioles will narrow as a result of increased resistance, which reduces blood flow to downstream capillaries and lowers blood pressure even further.
Arterioles are the primary location of vascular resistance and feature muscular partitions (usually the most practical one to two layers of clean muscle cells). The transition between arterioles and capillaries is where blood pressure and blood flow alter in the best way.
A blood vessel with a tiny diameter known as a resistance artery is found in the microcirculation and plays a significant role in the development of blood flow control and flotation resistance.
Resistance arteries often have precapillary sphincters and are tiny arteries or arterioles.
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Living things require specific organic molecules in order to survive. The picture above represents some specific examples of foods that are mainly composed of one of these necessary organic molecules. The organic molecules found in these types of food are
Responses
A carbohydrates.carbohydrates.
B proteins.proteins.
C nucleic acidsnucleic acids
D lipids.
Answer:Carbohydrate
Explanation: Since the illustration is absent the four mentioned organic molecules are lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. These are also called macromolecules.
Macromolecules are a set collection of polymers that composes most of the organic substances specifically in the organelles of cells. Thus, these organelles use lipids and proteins in doing cellular activity and keep them functioning. Observe nitrogen and carbon, these two entities are called elements that are composed of atoms. Elements are the basic components of a substance. Going back, examples of molecules could be nucleic tides, polypeptides, RNA, protein, lipids and etc.
I hope this helps!
when the immune response mistakenly targets normal body cells and tissues, a(n) develops. a) autoimmune disease b) immunodeficiency disease c) allergic response d) cross-reaction e) agglutination reaction
When the immune response mistakenly targets normal body cells and tissues develops an autoimmune disease.
When the body's natural defense system can't distinguish between your cells and alien cells, it develops an autoimmune illness and unintentionally attacks healthy cells. Autoimmune illnesses come in more than 80 different varieties and affect many different body parts.
Fundamentally, autoimmune illness develops when the immune system, one of the body's natural defenses, attacks healthy tissue. There are various theories among researchers as to why this occurs. The immune system activates and launches an attack when the body detects a virus or infection as a threat.
More than 80 autoimmune illnesses afflict over 4% of the world's population, the most prevalent of which are type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and Crohn's disease.
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social monogamy is rare in mammals but common in birds. what difference is hypothesized to explain this observation?
Social monogamy is uncommon in mammals but prevalent in birds because it is often accompanied by parental care.
What are the three 3 types of monogamy?Various combinations of societal monogamy, physical monogamy, and genetic monogamous may exist. People do not always marry to maintain social monogamy. A culturally committed relationship is virtually always one that is married.
What is toxic monogamy?Toxic monogamy is defined as "monogamy as a cultural force [that] has been perceived and practised in ways that are toxic" by Hillary Berry in the article "Toxic Monogamy Culture." In the media, cultural conventions, and expectations of society, these concepts are frequently glorified or maintained.
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A diagram of an animal cell is shown below. Each arrow points to a different organelle. Correctly label each organelle.
Answer:
Can we see the diagram...?
or just look up animal cell online and copy from there.
What provides the heat that drives the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer:
Something known as magma chambers.
Explanation:
A magma chamber is a big blob of melted, liquid rock within the Continental Crust.
The rock under our feet (Continental Crust) is basically solid. At subduction zones, in particular, friction (or other) heat can melt the rock at the base of the Continental Crust, and then blobs of molten rock melt their way upwards into the Continental Crust. That’s a magma chamber.
Sometimes the magma chamber has vents leading up to the open air and the magma erupts as volcanoes. In that case, the magma chamber can empty out and the ground above collapses into it, making a hole called a caldera. But more often, the magma in the magma chamber cools down to form solid rock. Such slow-cooled rock will form crystals as it cools. One form of such crystalline rock is granite; cooled down former magma chambers now solid granite are called plutons or batholiths. Typically they will be several kilometres across, and later erosion may well expose them at the surface.
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Eddie
in the uvr excision repair system in e. coli, which enzyme routinely synthesizes dna to replace the excised strand?
DNA polymerase I an enzyme routinely synthesizes DNA to replace the excised strand.
An enzyme called DNA polymerase to takes a role in the replication of bacterial DNA. It was the first known DNA polymerase, and Arthur Kornberg discovered it in 1956. It was first identified in E. coli and is found in all prokaryotes.
During lagging-strand synthesis, DNA polymerase I (pol I) processes RNA primers and fills up tiny gaps during DNA repair events. By extending the 3′ ends of an existing nucleotide chain and adding new nucleotides that are identical to the template strand one at a time using the formation of phosphodiester bonds, DNA polymerase adds a new strand of DNA.
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Please help due tonight.
Answer:
Increasing the greenhouse effect. (Hope this is right)
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide is what we breath out and fills the air with heat. This heat builds up and in turn... changes to a increase in the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is known as a process of trapping in heat in the Earth's surface.
why is it critical for maintaining flux through the metabolic pathway that nadh be oxidized to nad , and (b) how is that done under anaerobic conditions in human cells?
Enables the energy-producing process by which NAD can move electrons from one reaction to another. Through a variety of metabolic processes, cells regenerate their energy when they are anaerobic.
NAD+ and NADH: What Function in Metabolism?With the help of metabolic activities like glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and fatty acid oxidation (FAO), NAD+ gets hydride to create NADH, a crucial redox carrier. Because of this, NADH also contributes to the production of ROS and is a key hydride donor for ATP synthesis via mitochondrial OXPHOS.
What is NAD+? As to why it matters:Every cell in your body contains NAD+, a vital coenzyme. It is crucial for the metabolic process and serves two primary purposes by converting nutrients into energy.
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