A. Using the data under d1 and d2, calculate the cross elasticity of lorena's demand for golf at all three prices. (to do this, apply the midpoints approach to the cross elasticity of demand. ) at $50, cross elasticity =. At $35, cross elasticity =. At $20, cross elasticity =. Is the cross elasticity the same at all three prices?. Are movies and golf substitute goods, complementary goods, or independent goods?.




b. Using the data under d2 and d3, calculate the income elasticity of lorena's demand for golf at all three prices. (to do this, apply the midpoints approach to the income elasticity of demand. ) at $50, income elasticity of demand =. At $35, income elasticity of demand =. At $20, income elasticity of demand =. Is the income elasticity the same at all three prices?. Is golf an inferior good?

A decrease in the fixed cost F would lead to an increase in the number of varieties sold to consumers, a decrease in the price charged, an increase in the markup and an increase in welfare.

A decrease in the marginal cost c would lead to an increase in the number of varieties sold to consumers, a decrease in the price charged, an increase in the markup and an increase in welfare.

An increase in the size of the market, S, would lead to an increase in the number of varieties sold to consumers, a decrease in the price charged, an increase in the markup and an increase in welfare.

In all cases, the decrease in fixed cost and the decrease in marginal cost lead to a larger number of varieties sold to consumers, which in turn leads to a decrease in the price charged, an increase in the markup, and an increase in welfare.

When the size of the market increases, firms can sell more varieties, leading to a decrease in the price charged, an increase in the markup and an increase in welfare. Thus, all of these shocks result in an increase in welfare.

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The following questions are part of the five steps in stakeholder impact analysis:

a: Who are our stakeholders?

c: What are our stakeholders' interests and claims?

e: What opportunities and threats do our stakeholders present?

Stakeholder impact analysis is a process of identifying the stakeholders who are affected by a decision and assessing their interests, concerns, and potential impact. The first step is to identify the stakeholders and their interests and claims. The second step is to understand the opportunities and threats that the stakeholders present.

By analyzing stakeholders and their potential impact, companies can make more informed decisions and better manage their relationships with their stakeholders.

Option a, c and e are answers.

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Stakeholder Impact Analysis includes identifying stakeholders, understanding their interests and stakes, and analyzing their potential opportunities and threats. The other statements are not part of the stakeholder analysis process.

The stakeholder impact analysis involves five key steps. These include the following: identifying who our stakeholders are, understanding what our stakeholders' interests and claims are and analyzing the potential opportunities and threats that our stakeholders present. The two other questionable phrases you have asked about do not technically fall into the five steps of stakeholder impact analysis. These phrases rather involve a more manipulative or dismissive attitude toward stakeholders which is not suggested in an effective stakeholder analysis./

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Large Mac PPP is a colloquial statistic used to contrast the buying power of various currencies with the cost of a Big Mac at McDonald's. The Big Mac Index is another name for the Big Mac PPP. The cost of a Big Mac in that country's currency is used to compare currencies.

To gauge the differences in consumer purchasing power between countries, the Big Mac Index was developed. The burger takes the place of the "basket of goods" that economists previously used to gauge variations in consumer pricing.

The Big Mac Index, a study conducted by The Economist, looks at the relative overvaluation or undervaluation of currencies using the relative cost of a Big Mac around the world.

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a. The stock's value can be calculated as follows:

Dividend payment = 10% * $100 = $10

Yield = 6% = $6

Stock's value = Dividend payment / Yield = $10 / $6 = $166.67

Therefore, the stock's value is $166.67.

b. If the preferred stock's yield rises to 13%, its new market value can be calculated as follows:

Dividend payment = 10% * $100 = $10

Yield = 13% = $13

Stock's value = Dividend payment / Yield = $10 / $13 = $76.92

Therefore, the preferred stock's new market value would be $76.92.

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Equivalent annual saving: $ 14,018.25.

Gluon Inc. is considering the purchase of a new high pressure glueball. It can purchase the glueball for $120,000 and sell its old low- pressure glueball, which is fully depreciated, for $20,000.

The new equipment has a 10-year useful life and will save $28,000 a year in expenses before tax.

The opportunity cost of capital is 12%, and the firm's tax rate is 21%.

Initial outlay = cost - depreciation * tax percentage - old sale value * (1-tax%)

= 120000- 120000* 100% * 21% - 20000 * (1-21%)

= 79000

Equivalent saving formula/ year =

save/ year - PMT (rate, period, initial outlay) [in excel formula]

Equivalent saving/year = $ 14,018.25

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After running the regression, we find that the production function that best fits the data is Q = 4C + 8P.

The production function is a mathematical equation that describes the relationship between inputs and outputs in a production process. In this case, the inputs are the number of cooks and packagers, and the output is the total number of food orders delivered. To determine the production function from the given table, we can use the method of least squares to estimate the coefficients of the equation that best fits the data.

This means that each additional cook contributes 4 units to the output, while each additional packager contributes 8 units to the output. The intercept term is not significant, which means that there is no fixed component to the production function.

Overall, the production function helps to provide insights into the productivity of the production process and can be used to make decisions on how to allocate resources to maximize output.

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Adil is completing the step of "understanding the problem" in the problem-solving process.

Understanding the problem is a critical step in the problem-solving process as it lays the foundation for developing an effective solution. In this step, Adil is taking the time to gather and analyze data in order to fully understand the root cause of his problem with meeting deadlines at work. This involves defining the problem, identifying the goals and objectives, gathering information, and analyzing the information to identify potential causes of the problem.

By completing this step, Adil will have a clear understanding of what is causing the problem, which will enable him to develop a targeted and effective plan to address it. Without understanding the problem, any solution that Adil develops would be unlikely to succeed.

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The term that refers to the timed releases of films to different outlets such as domestic theaters, pay channels, and video rental is commonly known as "film distribution."

Film distribution is the process of making a movie available to the public through various channels, including theaters, digital streaming, DVD/Blu-ray rentals, & pay-per-view services.

Distributors work with movie studios and filmmakers to ensure that a film is released & marketed effectively, reaching the widest possible audience.

After the theatrical release, the movie may be released on home video formats, such as DVD or Blu-ray. This is often referred to as the "home entertainment" phase of distribution.

During this phase, the movie may also become available on digital platforms, such as streaming services or pay-per-view channels.

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(a) The share price of Company C is more expensive. (b) The better option is to purchase shares of Company C.

a. To determine the most expensive share price, we can use the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) formula:
Share Price = D1 / (r - g)
where D1 is the expected dividend payment next year, r is the cost of equity, and g is the dividend growth rate.
For Company B:
D1 = 0.8  (1 + 0.03) = 0.824
r = 8% (market rate)
g = 3%
Share Price B = 0.824 / (0.08 - 0.03) = $16.48
For Company C:
D1 = 1.3
r = 7.5%
g = 0% (assumed as it's not mentioned)
Share Price C = 1.3 / (0.075 - 0) = $17.33
Company C has a more expensive share price according to the DDM.
b. To determine which stock to buy, we can calculate the Price to Earnings (P/E) ratio using the DDM:
P/E = Share Price / Dividend Payment
Company B:
P/E B = 16.48 / 0.8 = 20.6
Company C:
P/E C = 17.33 / 1 = 17.33
Considering the lower P/E ratio for Company C and the actual trading prices, it might be a better choice to invest in Company C's stock, as it offers better value at the given trading price of $75 compared to Company B's trading price of $15.

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Hall and Porter argue that firms have two generic alternative strategies for any particular product: product differentiation and low-cost leadership. So the correct option is C.

Product differentiation refers to creating a unique product or service that is perceived as being different from the competitors in the market. This can be achieved through various means, such as offering superior quality, design, customer service, or brand image.

Low-cost leadership, on the other hand, refers to offering a product or service at a lower cost than competitors while maintaining acceptable quality. This can be achieved through various means, such as economies of scale, operational efficiencies, or technological innovations. Therefore, option c is correct.

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Hall and Porter argue that firms have two generic alternative strategies for any particular product, which are low-cost leadership and product differentiation. Option C.

Low-cost leadership is focused on offering products or services at a lower cost than competitors, while product differentiation focuses on creating unique and valuable products or services that are distinct from competitors. These two strategies represent different approaches to competing in the market.
Low-cost leadership is achieved by streamlining operations, reducing costs, and offering products or services at a lower price than competitors. This approach appeals to price-sensitive customers who are willing to sacrifice certain features or quality for a lower price. On the other hand, product differentiation is achieved by creating unique and valuable products or services that stand out in the market. This approach appeals to customers who are willing to pay a premium for high-quality and unique products.
Therefore, firms must choose between these two generic strategies depending on their resources, capabilities, and market conditions. A firm must decide whether to focus on offering products or services at a lower cost than competitors or create unique and valuable products that stand out in the market. So, option C is correct.

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The total depreciation for year 4, including the bonus depreciation, is $60,000 + $11,241 = $71,241.

(a) Straight-Line Depreciation: The cost of the bulldozer is $150,000, and the salvage value after 7 years is $50,000.

This leaves a depreciable amount of $100,000 ($150,000 - $50,000).

Divide this by 7 years, and you get an annual depreciation of $14,286.

So, for year 4, the allowed depreciation is $14,286.

(b) 150%

Declining Balance Depreciation:

In this method, the depreciation rate is 150% of the straight-line rate, which is (1/7) * 150% = 21.43%.

For year 4, you first need to find the book value at the beginning of year 4, which is the cost minus accumulated depreciation from years 1 to 3. Then, multiply this book value by 21.43% to get the year 4 depreciation.

(c) 40%

Bonus Depreciation with the balance using 5-year MACRS:

First, calculate the 40% bonus depreciation, which is 40% of $150,000 = $60,000.

Subtract this from the cost, leaving a balance of $90,000.

Now, use the 5-year MACRS table to find the depreciation rate for year 4 (which is 12.49%) and multiply it by the balance:

$90,000 * 12.49% = $11,241.

The total depreciation for year 4, including the bonus depreciation, is $60,000 + $11,241 = $71,241.

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Northern Warehouses must sell 15,643 bonds to raise the $11.4 million it needs.

This can be calculated by dividing the total amount needed by the face value of each bond ($11,400,000 ÷ $1,000 = 11,400 bonds) and then using the present value formula to calculate the number of bonds needed to achieve that amount at the given yield (PV = FV ÷ (1+r)^n):

PV = $11,400,000
FV = $1,000
r = 8.75%
n = 40 years

Solving for n, we get: n = ln(FV/PV) ÷ ln(1+r) = ln($1,000/$11,400,000) ÷ ln(1+0.0875) ≈ 15,643.

Therefore, Northern Warehouses must sell at least 15,643 bonds to raise $11.4 million at a yield of 8.75%.

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Self-reflection is a valuable tool that can help us grow and learn from our experiences. In the course of a semester, there are often times when we encounter poor service, and it is important to reflect on these experiences to understand what went wrong and how it could have been improved.

When we asked for recommendations from the menu, the server was unable to provide any information about the dishes or offer any suggestions.

The communication gap is evident in the server's inability to effectively communicate with us and address our concerns about the table size. Finally, the expectation gap is evident in the discrepancy between our expectations for attentive and knowledgeable service and the reality of what we received.

In conclusion, reflecting on our experiences with poor service can be a valuable exercise in learning and growth.

By analyzing the source of dissatisfaction, identifying what the employee did wrong, considering what they should have done, and using service quality models like the GAPS model, we can gain a better understanding of what went wrong and how we can improve our interactions with service providers in the future.

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Overall, an increase in the attractiveness of the bakery profession to young women and men will lead to an increase in the supply of bakers and a decrease in the equilibrium price of homemade breads and breakfast pastries, while the equilibrium quantity will increase.

If the bakery profession becomes more attractive to young women and men because of a new reality television show, we can expect an increase in the supply of bakers. This is because more people are interested in becoming bakers, and therefore there will be more individuals willing and able to enter the market.

In the graph, an increase in supply is shown by a shift of the supply curve to the right. This means that at any given price, the quantity supplied of bakers will increase. As a result, we can predict the following changes in the market for bakers:

Lower equilibrium price: With an increase in supply and no change in demand, there will be a surplus of bakers in the market. To sell their products, bakers will have to lower their prices. This means that the equilibrium price of homemade breads and breakfast pastries will decrease.

Higher equilibrium quantity: With an increase in supply and no change in demand, the market quantity of bakers will increase. This means that there will be more homemade breads and breakfast pastries available in the market, and consumers will be able to buy more of them.

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The company's cost of equity capital can be calculated using the WACC formula, which is WACC = (E/V) * Re + (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T), where E is the market value of equity, V is the total market value of the firm, D is the market value of debt, Rd is the cost of debt, and T is the corporate tax rate.

Rearranging this formula, we get Re = (WACC - (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T)) / (E/V), where Re is the cost of equity capital. Plugging in the given values, we get Re = (9.6% - (1.1/2.1) * 7.2% * (1 - 22%)) / (1 - 1.1/2.1) = 11.28%.. The unlevered cost of equity capital, or the cost of equity capital without taking into account the effect of debt, can be calculated using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which is Re = Rf + beta * (Rm - Rf), where Rf is the risk-free rate, beta is the asset's beta, and Rm is the market return. Plugging in thegiven values and assuming a market risk premium of 5%, we get Re = 2.5% + 1.2 * 5% = 8%.
C-1. If the debt-equity ratio were 2, the WACC would change to WACC = (E/V) * Re + (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T) = (1/3) * Re + (2/3) * 7.2% * (1 - 22%) = (1/3) * Re + 4.74%. Rearranging the WACC formula, we get Re = (WACC - (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T)) / (E/V) = (9.6% - (2/3) * 7.2% * (1 - 22%)) / (1/3) = 18.24%.

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Futures contracts are typically traded on exchanges, such as commodity exchanges or financial exchanges, and are acquired through exchange brokers.

D) Traded on an exchange and acquired through an exchange broker.

They are standardized contracts with terms and specifications set by the exchange. Futures contracts are not customized to meet the terms and needs of the contracting company, and they usually require margin deposits, which are initial deposits made by the parties to cover potential losses. Futures contracts are not typically contracted through a dealer, such as a bank, but rather through exchange brokers who facilitate the trading of these standardized contracts on the exchange.

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The statement is false because there is no ethical norm or guideline established for marketers that limits the selling price of a product to 25 percent above its cost.

In a market economy, the price of a product is typically determined by supply and demand, as well as by factors such as production costs, marketing expenses, and competition. While some companies may choose to price their products at a lower margin than others, there is no industry-wide standard or ethical norm that requires a specific pricing strategy.

However, there are ethical guidelines related to pricing, such as avoiding deceptive pricing practices and ensuring that prices are fair and transparent to consumers.

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The projected net income is $87,240.

First, we need to calculate the total cost:

Variable costs = 44% x $385,000 = $169,400

Fixed costs = $187,000

Depreciation = $51,000

Total cost = $407,400

Next, we can calculate the earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT):

EBIT = Sales - Total cost

EBIT = $385,000 - $407,400

EBIT = -$22,400

Since EBIT is negative, the company is operating at a loss. However, we can use the EBIT to calculate the taxes and net income:

Taxes = 21% x -$22,400 = -$4,704

Net income = EBIT - Taxes

Net income = -$22,400 - (-$4,704)

Net income = $87,240

Therefore, the projected net income is $87,240.

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The amount of principal repayment included in the December 31, year 1 payment is $25,920.

The annual payment on the loan is calculated using the present value of annuity factor and is equal to $81,150. This means that each year, starting from December 31 of year 1, Mahoney Company will have to make a payment of $81,150 to Sun Bank.

The question is asking for the amount of principal repayment included in the December 31, year 1 payment.

To calculate this, we need to subtract the interest portion from the total payment. The interest portion can be calculated by multiplying the outstanding balance of the loan at the beginning of the year by the interest rate of 8%.

The outstanding balance at the beginning of the year is the principal amount of $324,000 minus the portion of principal repaid in the previous year. Therefore, the amount of principal repayment included in the December 31, year 1 payment is $25,920.

This is calculated by subtracting the interest portion of $55,230 ($324,000 - $81,150 * 8%) from the total payment of $81,150

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The NAV per share of the mutual fund in this scenario is $10. This means that if you were to invest in this mutual fund, you would own a share of the fund worth $10. The NAV per share is also the price of the mutual fund, so if you were to buy or sell shares in the mutual fund, you would do so at a price of $10 per share.

Mutual funds are a type of investment vehicle that pools money from multiple investors to invest in various securities such as stocks, bonds, and other assets. When you invest in a mutual fund, you own a portion of the fund's assets. The value of your investment in the mutual fund is measured by the Net Asset Value (NAV) per share, which represents the value of each share in the fund.

Now, let's consider the given scenario where a mutual fund company has $12 million in assets and $10 million in liabilities, with 200,000 shares of the fund outstanding. To calculate the NAV per share, we need to first calculate the net assets of the fund, which is the difference between the total assets and the total liabilities.

Net assets = Total assets - Total liabilities

Net assets = $12 million - $10 million

Net assets = $2 million

Next, we need to divide the net assets by the total number of shares outstanding to find the NAV per share.

NAV per share = Net assets / Number of shares outstanding

NAV per share = $2 million / 200,000

NAV per share = $10

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Sharon Wiley, a sales representative employed by a leading producer of pharmaceuticals used in veterinary medicine, attending a university-sponsored seminar that focused on new research findings in selected areas of veterinary medicine is most likely attempting to develop her product knowledge and expertise.

As a sales representative for pharmaceuticals used in veterinary medicine, Sharon Wiley's success will depend on her ability to effectively communicate the benefits and features of her company's products to veterinarians and other customers. To do this, she needs to have a deep understanding of the products and the scientific principles behind them.

By attending a seminar focused on new research findings in veterinary medicine, Sharon Wiley is taking steps to deepen her knowledge of the field and the products she is selling. This can help her to better understand the needs of her customers and provide them with more effective solutions.

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True. Dollar General, Dollar Tree, Big Lots, and 99¢ Only Stores are all considered extreme value stores, offering low-priced merchandise and household essentials.

Extreme value stores, also known as discount stores, offer a wide range of products at very low prices. These stores are popular among budget-conscious shoppers looking to save money on household essentials, personal care items, and other everyday necessities. The stores listed above are among the most well-known extreme value stores in the United States, with thousands of locations nationwide. Their low prices are achieved through a combination of cost-cutting measures and strategic sourcing, allowing them to offer everyday items at prices that are often significantly lower than their competitors.

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When buyers voice their concerns or questions, salespeople should:

1. Actively listen: Pay attention to the buyer's concerns and make sure to fully understand their issues before responding.
2. Be empathetic: Put yourself in the buyer's shoes and acknowledge their concerns genuinely.
3. Address the concern: Provide accurate and relevant information to address the buyer's questions or concerns, without providing unnecessary details.
4. Offer solutions: Suggest appropriate solutions or alternatives that can resolve the buyer's concerns or meet their needs.
5. Be professional and friendly: Maintain a positive and courteous demeanor throughout the conversation to foster a good relationship with the buyer.

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Sarah sends and receives goods to and from other nations. She works with clients and takes care of preparing necessary documents for importing or exporting products such as soybeans or wood. She does not assume any risk. Sarah is a export broker.

The correct option is option d.

An export broker is basically a business intermediary which happens to help a company to be able to export goods as well as services in the case of international market. The export broker also offers guidance as well as advice on issues which include product compliance, tariffs, shipping regulations, as well as the international payment terms.

Since, Sarah sends and receives from other countries and works with clients and prepares the documents which are important and therefore Sarah must be an export broker.

Hence, the correct option is option d.

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The expected value for the person buying the insurance, based on the values provided is calculated to be  $154.

The expected value of buying the insurance is simply the probability of dying multiplied by the death benefit, minus the cost of the insurance.

In this case, the probability of dying is 0.243%, or 0.00243 as a decimal. The death benefit is $100,000, and the cost of the insurance is $290.

Therefore, the expected value can be calculated as:

Expected value = (probability of dying x death benefit) - cost of insurance

= (0.00243 x $100,000) - $290

= $153.70

Rounding to the nearest dollar, the expected value of buying the insurance is $154.

Therefore, the expected value for the person buying the insurance is $154.

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The Solow-Swan Model is an economic model that explains the long-run growth of an economy by analyzing the behavior of key variables.

In this model, the steady-state equilibrium refers to the state of the economy where the capital stock per worker, the output per worker, and the consumption per worker remain constant over time.

At the steady-state, the economy has reached a balanced state where the investment rate equals the depreciation rate, and the economy is neither growing nor shrinking. The key variables that affect the steady-state equilibrium are capital accumulation, labor force growth, and technological progress.

At the steady-state equilibrium, the following key variables behave as follows:

Capital stock per worker: The capital stock per worker is constant at the steady-state equilibrium. The investment rate equals the depreciation rate, so the level of capital per worker does not change over time.

Output per worker: The output per worker is also constant at the steady-state equilibrium. Since the capital stock per worker does not change, the production function that relates capital and labor to output remains constant.

Consumption per worker: The consumption per worker is constant at the steady-state equilibrium. Since output per worker is constant, the consumption per worker also remains constant.

In summary, the steady-state equilibrium in the Solow-Swan model represents a balanced state where the key variables of the economy remain constant over time.

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The currency ratio is 6.5% and the excess reserve ratio is 6%.

The currency ratio is:

Currency Ratio = Currency Holdings / Deposits

Substituting the values given in the question:

Currency Holdings = $65 billion

Deposits = $1000 billion

Currency Ratio = $65 billion / $1000 billion

Currency Ratio = 0.065 or 6.5%

Therefore, the currency ratio is 6.5%.

The excess reserve ratio is:

Excess Reserve Ratio = Excess Reserves / Deposits

Substituting the values given in the question:

Excess Reserves = $60 billion

Deposits = $1000 billion

Excess Reserve Ratio = $60 billion / $1000 billion

Excess Reserve Ratio = 0.06 or 6%

Therefore, the excess reserve ratio is 6%.

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Buying pounds forward can hedge exchange rate risk for a US firm with £50 million in UK assets to be repatriated in six months. Thus the correct option is A.

By purchasing pounds in advance, a U.S. company with £50 million in assets in Britain may insure against currency rate risk. To safeguard against potential unfavourable currency rate swings, this entails deciding on a future exchange rate for the pound and locking it in.

Selling pounds in the future would expose the company to exchange rate risk, thus it is not a good idea. Additionally ineffective would be borrowing in pounds, which would expose the company to interest rate risk on top of currency rate risk. Combining borrowing and selling pounds forward wouldn't increase the benefits of hedging.

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A) buying pounds forward.

The US company should purchase pounds in the future in order to protect itself from the exchange rate risk associated with repatriating £50 million in six months. This entails deciding to buy pounds in the future at a set exchange rate. The company is able to insulate itself from the danger of unfavorable exchange rate changes by doing this and locking in a favorable exchange rate. Since the company wishes to repatriate the pounds rather than sell them, selling pounds forward is a poor plan. Additionally, borrowing pounds would not be a wise course of action because doing so would increase the firm's exposure to currency risk and increase the amount of time it would take to convert the borrowed pounds back to US dollars. Buying pounds forward is the most effective way to hedge against the currency risk associated with repatriating the £50 million.

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The depreciation tax shield each year is $2,000.

A depreciable asset's depreciation is a measurement of the wear and tear, consumption, or other loss of value that results from usage, the passage of time, or obsolescence due to advancements in technology and market trends.

Cost of machine = $50,000

Useful life of machine = 5 years

Calculation of annual depreciation using Straight line method would be as follows.

annual depreciation = (Cost of machine - Salvage Value of machine )/Useful life

annual depreciation = ($50,000 - $0)/5 years

Annual depreciation = $10,000

Calculation of annual tax shield on depreciation.

Annual tax shield = Annual depreciation × Tax rate

Annual tax shield = $10,000 × 20% = $2,000

Thus, the each year depreciation tax shield = $2,000

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The predetermined overhead rate for September should be $18.52 per direct labor-hour.

Based on the given information, Rack Incorporated calculates its manufacturing overhead budget using budgeted direct labor-hours.

In September, the direct labor budget indicates a requirement of 4,900 direct labor-hours. The variable overhead rate is $6.90 per direct labor-hour.

Additionally, the company's fixed manufacturing overhead is budgeted at $63,700 per month, including $6,750 for depreciation.

Excluding depreciation, all other fixed manufacturing overhead costs are current cash flows. The company recalculates its predetermined overhead rate monthly.

To determine the predetermined overhead rate for September, follow these steps:

1. Calculate total variable overhead:

4,900 direct labor-hours x $6.90 per direct labor-hour = $33,810

2. Add fixed manufacturing overhead (excluding depreciation):

$63,700 - $6,750 = $56,950

3. Calculate total manufacturing overhead:

$33,810 (variable overhead) + $56,950 (fixed overhead) = $90,760

4. Divide total manufacturing overhead by direct labor-hours:

$90,760 / 4,900 hours = $18.52 per direct labor-hour

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