A researcher is studying the effects of anabolic steroids on the aggressive behavior of female rats. Twenty-five female rats received daily injections of a placebo, while twenty-five others received daily injections of the steroid. Round-the-clock videotapes of the communal cages of all rats allow all aggressive encounters to be counted and timed. Which of the following is the independent variable?
the aggressive behavior
the communal cages
the type of injection
the placebo
the rats receiving steroids
The independent variable in this research is the placebo.
The types of variables.In an experiment, there are two (2) main types of variables and these include the following:
Dependent variable.Independent variable.What is an independent variable?An independent variable can be defined as the variable that is being manipulated by an experimenter or researcher. This ultimately implies that, an independent variable is typically considered to be the cause in an experiment and it stands alone because it cannot be changed by any variable being observed or measured.
Based on the information provided, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that the independent variable is the placebo while the dependent variable is the aggressive behavior because it is dependent on the effects of anabolic steroids (placebo).
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Your calculus teacher wants her students to be more diligent in completing their homework and, since you are taking AP® psychology, she has asked for your help. Give an example of how she could use each of the following to help her increase homework completion.
Shaping
Negative reinforcement
Fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement
With the use of Shaping, the calculus teacher can start with the simple assignments and gradually build up to the difficult ones. She can reward the students with each assignment that is completed. Some of the rewards that can help shape students are: praising them and using a mix of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards systems.
To employ negative reinforcement, the teacher can decide to increase the amount of homework to be done for those who don't or reduce it for those who do.
For a Fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement, the students who do their assignments are rewarded every month with a movie ticket.
What is Shaping psychology?Shaping is a conditioning paradigm that is mostly employed in behavioral experimentation. Differential reinforcement of successive approximations is the approach employed.
Negative reinforcement is the encouragement of certain behavior by the removal or avoidance of a negative result or stimulus. This strategy is commonly used to assist children to acquire appropriate behavior patterns, but it may also be used to teach animals and pets.
A Fixed Interval Schedule delivers a reward at regular intervals. A youngster, for example, may be awarded once a week if their room is clean. One issue with this form of reinforcement schedule is that individuals prefer to wait until reinforcement occurs before beginning their reactions.
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The States of [New Jersey] and [Delaware] were opposed to a National Govt. because its patrons considered a proportional representation of the States as the basis of it. The [eagerness] displayed by the Members opposed to a Natl. Govt. from these different (motives) began now to produce serious anxiety for the result of the Convention.—Mr. Dickenson said to Mr. Madison "you see the consequence of pushing things too far." Some of the members from the small States wish for two branches in the General Legislature and are friends to a good National Government; but we would sooner submit to a foreign power, than submit to be deprived of an equality of suffrage, in both branches of the legislature, and thereby be thrown under the domination of the large States.
—The Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787 reported by James Madison on June 15
How does the current structure of the U.S. Senate compare to the governmental structure suggested in the text?
It bases representation on state population.
It allows equal representation for all states.
It utilizes a single chamber.
It allows for a single senator from each state.
Come up with a list of questions to have an interview that would help successfully tell the story to the school principal.
Story: students vaping in school bathrooms
Q. What is the total strength of students in your school?
Q. How many students are actually attend every classes?
Q. Do you have CCTVs installed near your school bathroom?
Q. Do you do sudden inspection?
Q. Are you aware about vaping done in school bathroom?
Q. What actions will you take if students are found guilty?
Q. How will you make them aware?
These questions, will help explaining the story to principal
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The experience of women in the revolution has influenced heavily both men’s and women’s attitudes toward women, especially regarding women’s work and leadership capacities. Women look back upon the revolution as a time of awakening. (One woman relates that) “when the Frente Sandinista began…women also within the lines…fought the role of men; that is when the women realized that we can work the same as a man, that we can develop equally as a man…They were heroines. They showed us, they gave us really an idea that the women in the world, in life, can work, can be equal to a man in work.
a. Identify and explain one historically specific example of women’s roles during the period 1900 to the present that would support the author’s argument.
b. Identify and explain one historically specific example of women’s roles in the period BEFORE 1900 that would support the author’s argument.
c. Identify and explain one development in the late 20th century that likely explains the historian’s interest in the subject of the passage.
There are many historically specific examples that determine women's rights and roles in different time periods supporting the author’s argument.
What are the examples to support the author’s argument ?a )During 1900:
Women's legal position was mostly determined by their marital status in 1900.In terms of politics, women now have more freedom over their finances, the ability to own property, and the option to retain custody of their children in the event of a divorce. Women were granted the right to vote in four states by 1896.b) Before 1900:
Voting, property ownership, and contract-making authority were all denied to women.A woman was viewed solely as her husband's servant. But by the 1830s and 1840s, things started to shift as many strong, vocal women pushed for societal reforms regarding jails, war, alcohol, and slavery.c) In Late 20th century:
In the 1940s and 1950s, the women's rights movement quickly achieved equality in work and higher education.Women achieved equality during the 20th century.There is comparatively a less biological approach on the generalization on the ability in completion of different tasks.To learn more about biological approach, refer:
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What troubling, anti democratic provisions were in Toussaint Louverture’s constitution
Answer:
The 1801 constitution banned slavery and all forms of racial discrimination. It did not declare independence, but pronounced Tous- saint Louverture governor for life of Saint Domingue. It also devised a social and agricultural framework that would allow Saint Domingue to rebuild its colonial sugar economy.
Find the perimeter of triangle MNP
Equation setup 2(x+4)=5x-34
Find 5x-34
The perimeter of the triangle MNP is 130 units
How to determine the perimeter of the triangle?The figure that completes the question is added as an attachment
In the above figure, we have the following unknown sides
x + 4 and 5x - 34
Such that
2 * (x + 4) = 5x - 34
So, we have
2x + 8 = 5x - 34
Evaluate the like terms
This gives
3x = 42
Divide by 2
x = 14
The perimeter of the triangle is
P = MN + NP + MP
So, we have
P = 5x - 34 + 25 + 25 + 22 + 22
So, we have
P = 5 x 14 - 34 + 25 + 25 + 22 + 22
Evaluate
P = 130
Hence, the perimeter is 130 units
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Dr. Crawford is testing memory in lab rats. He hypothesizes that a new drug will improve a rat’s memories while navigating through a complex maze. Dr. Crawford gives the new drug to the experimental group and gives the control group a placebo. He then records the time it takes each rat to navigate the maze. To know whether his hypothesis has been supported, it is imperative that Dr. Crawford uses which of the following?
normal curve
descriptive statistics
bar graph
inferential statistics
scatter plot
To know whether his hypothesis has been supported, it is imperative that Dr. Crawford uses a: scatter plot.
What is a hypothesis?In Science, a hypothesis is primarily considered to be a tentative or an educated guess and it can be defined as a testable explanation for an observation or a specific experimentation (scientific) problem, especially by using the "if . . . then . . . because" format.
What is a scatter plot?A scatter plot is also referred to as scatter diagram, scattergram, or scatter chart and it can be defined as a type of graph which is used for the graphical representation of the values of two (2) variables, with the resulting points showing any association or correlation between the data set.
In this scenario, Dr. Crawford should make use of a scatter plot in order to determine if there is association or correlation between the new drug and the time it takes each rat to navigate the maze.
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Write the first four terms of the sequence defined by the explicit rule. f(n)=3n+6
Explicit formulas are helpful to represent all the terms of a sequence with a single formula. The explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence is an = a + (n - 1)d, and any term of the sequence can be computed, without knowing the other terms of the sequence.
To find the first four terms 1,2,3,4 in for the n ;
f(1) = 3(1) +6 = 9
f(2) = 3(2) +6 = 12
f(3)= 3(3) + 6 = 15
f(4) = 3(4) + 6 = 18
Hence, the first four time of sequence are 9,12,15 and 18.
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(04.02 MC)
Answer the following in several complete sentences:
How do external cues, internal emotions, and order of appearance influence memory retrieval? (6 points)
External signals or cues trigger connections that aid in memory retrieval; this process might occur without our knowledge, as in priming.
What is Priming in Neuroscience?Priming is a type of nonconscious memory in which a person's capacity to recognize, create, or classify an object changes as a result of a past contact with that thing or a similar item.
According to previous research, both happy and negative emotions improved item memory consolidation. Furthermore, participants with high levels of state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression were much more likely to benefit from the post-encoding emotio augmentation effect.
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3x-y=14
5x+4y=12
Find X and Y.
What fantastic accomplishment would last someone at least 3 years in middle school to put on a high school application?
Try to name at least 1 or 2 options
Some fantastic accomplishment that would last someone at least 3 years in middle school to put on a high school application are:
Leading your school to Regional, State, National Debate championship and coming out first positionWinning the regional or state spelling bill competition for 2 consecutive years.What kinds of achievements come to mind?Your accomplishments may include scholarships, prizes, licenses, milestones attained in prior positions, and much more. Anything you've worked hard for can be considered a success, especially if your objectives were measurable.
Note that the ways to Improve Student Performance are:
Adapt the instructions to the learning objectives. incorporate formative evaluation. Give consistent criticism. Make use of the feedback loop idea. Self-evaluate frequently.Learn more about accomplishment from
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Suppose a human population exhibits a Type III survival curve. What would you expect to happen to the curve over time if a dramatic improvement in medical technology takes place? Explain.
Suppose a human population exhibits a Type III survival curve, the thing that you would expect to happen to the curve over time if a dramatic improvement in medical technology takes place is that the curve will be convex
Describe the Type 3 survival curve?Early in life, Type III or concave curves have the highest mortality (lowest age-specific survival), with comparatively low mortality rates (high likelihood of survival) for those who make it through this bottleneck. Species that have a high rate of reproduction exhibit this pattern of curve (see r/K selection theory).
Note that A graph known as a survivorship curve shows the percentage of people who are capable of surviving based on their age ranges or other population data, such as, for example, the survival rate of males and females. Because there is a high percentage of infant mortality, a Type III survivorship curve has a concave form.
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Compare and contrast the Catholic and Protestant revivals during the 18th century.
Priests must maintain celibacy in the Catholic Church. It is viewed as a representation of Christ's unbroken line of succession. This need for priests is rejected by the Protestant Church. Martin Luther previously called for its repeal in 1520.
What was the Catholic and Protestant Reformation?A religious reform movement known as the Protestant Reformation swept through Europe in the 1500s. It led to the development of a branch of Christianity known as Protestantism, a term used to refer to the numerous religious movements that broke away from the Roman Catholic Church owing to doctrinal disagreements.The Bill of Rights expressly outlaws "establishment of religion, or restricting the free practice thereof," but this diversity of religious belief has also come to define the American identity. This notion of individual freedom and autonomy in matters of religion, which has roots in the Protestant Reformation, has been ingrained in the American psyche for more than 400 years.To learn more about Catholicism, refer to
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Why is students vaping in the school bathrooms important? Why should it be stopped
The issue of students vaping in the school bathrooms important is of serious concern as it has been linked to some health issues. The reason that government or school authorities should stopped stop it are:
Student are getting addictedA lot of health issuesNegative social behavior of student, etc.How does vaping affect high school students?The impact that vaping have on teenagers is mostly addiction. Nicotine is a highly addictive substance that is present in e-cigarettes. Addiction to vaping can develop even if you don't vape daily.
Nicotine tends to exacerbates depression and anxiety. Additionally, it has an impact on memory, focus, self-control, and attention, particularly in growing brains. Studies has shown gathering of students in the restrooms. Many pupils began to express that they felt unsafe using the restroom. Some people were concerned that if a teacher entered, they would be accused of vaping.
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_____are loan to a company or government for amoyt of time. They earn interet and are conidered low rik
Which of the following is the main difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study?
age of subjects studied
use of statistics to analyze data
methods used to obtain representative sample
number of subjects involved
length of time needed to complete
The option that is the main difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is option C: methods used to obtain representative sample.
What distinguishes a cross-sectional study from a longitudinal one?In Comparing longitudinal studies to one-off or cross-sectional studies is useful. The primary distinction between the two types of research is that longitudinal studies track the same sample of people over time, whereas cross-sectional studies interview a new sample of people each time they are conducted.
Therefore, In a longitudinal study, the same sample is used over time to gather data rather than just once as in a cross-sectional study.
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Should nations compare themselves to other nations globally concerning educational standards and compete for higher education, more knowledge, and younger benchmarks why or why not?
Yes, nations can compare themselves to other nations globally concerning educational standards and compete for higher education, more knowledge, and younger benchmarks because this will help them to know the areas that they are lacking and ward towards improving it.
What is the issue of education about?Higher education's goals and effects on the economy and society at large have changed in a variety of ways over time. Its Context cannot be ignored because institutional and policy processes in higher education vary over time, but also among nations and political systems.
Note that the thing that counts is the type of education being provided to students and learners. Moving away from its basic purpose of providing context for human growth, education has transformed into a tool for economic advancement.
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How did the European expansion affect the economies of East and//or South Asia circa 1450-1750?
Answer:
The expansion of European influence affected the economies of South Asia and East Asia in both positive and negative ways. “European expansion changed the economies of many parts of South and Southeast Asia, as they increasingly produced goods that were sought after by European merchants.
The RESISTING force in mass wasting is
Answer:
Explanation:
If friction, cohesion, and strength (collectively known as the resisting forces) are high in a given area, mass wasting is less likely to occur because the gravitational force does not exceed the resisting force. The angle of repose also plays a role in whether a slope will fail or not.
The price of a dozen long-stem roses on Valentine's Day often tops $80, while on any other day the price is closer to $50. Of course, many more roses are sold on Valentine's Day than on any other day. True or False: The supply of roses increases on Valentine's Day?
A restaurant sells three sizes of shakes. The small, medium and large sizes each cost $ 2.00 $2.00dollar sign, 2, point, 00, $ 3.00 $3.00dollar sign, 3, point, 00, and $ 3.50 $3.50dollar sign, 3, point, 50 respectively. Let X XX represent the restaurant's income on a randomly selected shake purchase. Based on previous data, here's the probability distribution of X XX along with summary statistics: Small Medium Large X = income ($) X=income ($)X, equals, start text, i, n, c, o, m, e, space, left parenthesis, dollar sign, right parenthesis, end text 2.00 2.002, point, 00 3.00 3.003, point, 00 3.50 3.503, point, 50 P ( X ) P(X)P, left parenthesis, X, right parenthesis 0.28 0.280, point, 28 0.40 0.400, point, 40 0.32 0.320, point, 32 Mean: μ X = $ 2.88 μ X =$2.88mu, start subscript, X, end subscript, equals, dollar sign, 2, point, 88 Standard deviation: σ X ≈ $ 0.59 σ X ≈$0.59sigma, start subscript, X, end subscript, approximately equals, dollar sign, 0, point, 59 During the last hour of business, the restaurant offers a special that gives customers $ 1 $1dollar sign, 1 off any size shake. Assume that the special doesn't change the probability that corresponds to each size. Let Y YY represent their income on a randomly selected shake purchase with this special pricing. What are the mean and standard deviation of Y YY?
Answer:
SD: .59 Mean: 1.88
Explanation:
Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?
a. The nodes of Ranvier
b. The myelin sheath
c. The terminal buttons
d. The soma
e. The axon
Answer:
Neurotransmitters are typically stored in C. the terminal buttons
Explanation:
The terminal buttons are located at the end of an axon and they are used to release neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitters send messages to other neurons by crossing the synapse between them.
Neurotransmitters are typically stored in the terminal buttons, which are the parts of a neuron. The correct option is c.
What are neurotransmitters?They are responsible for transporting chemical "messages" from one neuron (nerve cell) to the subsequent target cell. The following target cell may be a gland, muscle, or another nerve cell.
Neurotransmitters are released from the terminal buttons, which are found at the end of an axon. By bridging the synapse between them, neurotransmitters communicate with other neurons.
Therefore, the correct option is c. The terminal buttons.
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Research and summarize the impact of checks and balances in each of the following
illustrative examples:
Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Impeachment of Richard Nixon
Impeachment of Bill Clinton
Congressional response to the Obama administration's executive actions on immigration
In your summaries please answer the following questions:
1. How is this an example of checks and balances?
2. What were the effects of using checks and balances in this case?
3. How does each case exemplify the arguments of James Madison in Federalist No.
51?
Checks and balances is a system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power.
1. The President in the executive branch can veto a law, but the legislative branch can override that veto with enough votes. The legislative branch has the power to approve Presidential nominations, control the budget, and can impeach the President and remove him or her from office. Therefore it justifies 2,3 and 4.
2. The effects vary in each and every case. In some it gave more power to people while in others it removed the various evils and conditions of society.
3.Madison concludes that a small democracy cannot avoid the dangers of majority faction because small size means that undesirable passions can very easily spread to a majority of the people, which can then enact its will through the democratic government without difficulty.
hence, each case reflects the vision itself.
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How does culture influence attachment?
10th grade , planning an essay. Essay on logical fallacies for Richard Nixon's checkers speech.
Your info seems accurate overall, though I would make several corrections. First of all, under example #1 you misspelled herring as 'hairing'.
I'm not super familiar with logical fallacies, though I know that false dilemmas/dichotomies are one. Perhaps you can do something with that?
Also, which class is this for?
Gunpowder weapons shaped empires in the Middle East and Eurasia from 1450 to 1750.
Develop an argument that evaluates the extent to which interactions between societies and cultures affected the institutions of land-based empires in this period.
AP WORLD HISTORY LEQ
The argument that evaluates the extent to which interactions between societies and cultures affected the institutions of land-based empires in this period is given below:
Several land-based empires that derived their strength from the employment of gunpowder emerged between 1450 and 1750, including the Ottomans and Safavids in Southwest Asia, the Mughals in India, the Ming and Qing in China, and the nascent Russian Empire. Both the Silk Road and the Trans-Saharan trade route allowed for the dissemination of gunpowder. Although other items besides products and services were transported along these trading routes. The neighboring empires were greatly influenced by cultures, new religious beliefs, and belief systems.
What is the interactions between societies and cultures about?Consider the Mughal Empire, a nomadic Central Asian people who later came to rule over swathes of Southern Asia. Long-distance trade was promoted by the Mughals, who did this to strengthen their authority as well as grow their empire.
A more powerful government resulted in better-managed bureaucracies, which eventually led to forced migration and the conversion of people's cultures and religions.
The majority of this empire was covered by the Silk Road, so when travelers on these trade routes arrived and eventually settled there to sell their wares at the market or port hubs, they interacted with people from all civilizations. In the long run, this would establish a precedent for new cultural norms and beliefs because most people would be receptive to them.
An empire's rise to prominence and the cultures that followed it were greatly influenced by religion. While Islam was still expanding over the Indian Ocean in the time around 1450, Muslim traders controlled trade, and many areas fell under European rule. The challenges to the Catholic Church's authority and influence in Europe and some regions of Western Asia opened the door to new political and scientific ideologies as well as a surge in Christian denominations.
Therefore, In general, migration through trade routes—whether forced or voluntary—helped foster more interaction between societies and their cultures. New faiths, social development, the development of educational systems, and even the rise and collapse of several empires were all caused by these activities.
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Which pair of Old Testament and New Testament verses is regarding the prophecy of Jesus as a King?
The verse from Isaiah 53:5 has traditionally been understood by many Christians to speak of Jesus as the Messiah.
A low-lying area razed (all vegetation removed) and filled to raise it’s elevation, and a new housing development is constructed on this new fill. What king of succession would occur here?
Secondary succession occurs when vegetation is removed and replaced by construction infill.
What exactly is secondary succession?
Secondary succession occurs when a location is damaged but not severely enough to totally cleanse it of all vegetation and soil. Secondary succession can be started by a variety of disturbances, including fire, flooding, windstorms, and human activity (such as logging of forests). This shift is the result of large environmental disturbances such as floods, forest fires, landslides, and many more.
In this case, the low-lying region is demolished and filled with soil/construction fill. Secondary succession occurs when the original one is demolished and replaced with the new one.
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Which of the following will NOT change the demand for oranges
(1 Point)
An expectation that the price of apples will increase in the future
A change in consumers' taste for apples
*
A change in the price of apples
OA change in the price of grapefruits, a substitute for apples
A change in consumers' income
Answer:
a change in the price of apples
