True. Because if recessive is shown, you know genotype (aa is the only possibility).
False if it shows dominant, don't know genotype because it could be Aa or AA.
.The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a precept declaring that the genetic version in a population will remain regular from one era to the following inside the absence of demanding elements. when mating is random in a huge populace without a disruptive occasions, the law predicts that both genotype and allele frequencies will continue to be constant due to the fact they're in equilibrium.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be disturbed by means of some of forces, such as mutations, natural choice, nonrandom mating, genetic drift, and gene flow. as an example, mutations disrupt the equilibrium of allele frequencies with the aid of introducing new alleles right into a population. similarly, natural choice and nonrandom mating disrupt the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to the fact they bring about adjustments in gene frequencies. This takes place because positive alleles assist or damage the reproductive achievement of the organisms that convey them. any other factor which could upset this equilibrium is genetic glide, which happens whilst allele frequencies develop better or lower by way of hazard and normally takes region in small populations. Gene flow, which takes place whilst breeding between two populations transfers new alleles right into a populace, can also adjust the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
because all of those disruptive forces generally arise in nature, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium not often applies in reality. therefore, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes an idealized state, and genetic versions in nature can be measured as modifications from this equilibrium state.
To know more about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium click here
https://brainly.com/question/16823644
#SPJ4
you now know that inheritance of eye color in fruit flies is sex-linked: the gene encoding eye color is located on the x chromosome, and there is no corresponding gene on the y chromosome. how would the inheritance pattern differ if the gene for eye color were instead located on an autosome (a non-sex chromosome)? recall that for autosomes, both chromosomes of a homologous pair carry the same genes in the same locations.suppose that a geneticist crossed a large number of white-eyed females with red-eyed males. a cross of two flies where the female fly has white eyes, and the male fly has red eyes.consider two separate cases:case 1: eye color exhibits sex-linked inheritance.case 2: eye color exhibits autosomal (non-sex-linked) inheritance. (note: in this case, assume that the red-eyed males are homozygous.)for each case, predict how many of the male and female offspring would have red eyes and white eyes.drag the correct numbers on the left to complete the sentences on the right. numbers can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
in instance 1
100 females, each with one red and one white eye.
100 males with 100 white eyes and 0 red eyes
as in case -2
100 females, each with one red and one white eye.
100 men with 100 red eyes and 0 white eyes.
Multiple genes are involved, making the inheritance of eye color more complicated than first thought. The eye colors of a child's parents and other relatives can frequently be used to forecast the child's eye color, but genetic variances can occasionally have unanticipated effects.
Case 1: 100 of the female children would have red eyes, and 0 would have white eyes, if there were 100 of them.0 would have red eyes and 100 would have white eyes if there were 100 male offspring.
Case 2: 100 of the female children would have red eyes, and 0 would have white eyes, if there were 100 of them.100 of the male offspring would have red eyes and 0 would have white eyes if there were 100 male offspring.
Link more about eyes-
https://brainly.com/question/16133883
#SPJ4
describe the process of emulsification. name the substance which performs this job. name the organ that synthesizes this substance
Emulsification transforms big globules of fat in the duodenum into tiny droplets throughout the digestive process. It is possible to unite two liquids that do not mix by the process of emulsification.
The chemical that produces emulsification is bile.
Bile is created by the liver.
Bile is gathered and stored in the gallbladder.
The hepatic ducts, which combine to form the common hepatic duct, which connects to the cystic duct from the gallbladder, are how bile leaves the liver once it is produced. This bile duct can reach the small intestine thanks to a sphincter called Oddi that is situated beneath the stomach.
To learn more about emulsification click here:
brainly.com/question/12993015
#SPJ4
The Rule of 70 says that if one divides 70
by the percent value of growth
(expressed as a whole number), the
result will equal the time needed for a
population to
A. triple
B. double
C. maintain zero population growth
D. collapse
The Rule of 70 says that if one divides 70 by the percent value of growth (expressed as a whole number), the result will equal the time needed for a population to maintain zero population growth. Thus, option C is correct.
What is population?
This is the term that is used to refer to the given number of people that are known to live in a particular geographical area. The population dynamics has to do with the way that the population is said to change over a period of time.
The true option about population and population dynamics is Population – Inhabitants of a country; Population dynamics the change in the population.
Therefore, The Rule of 70 says that if one divides 70 by the percent value of growth (expressed as a whole number), the result will equal the time needed for a population to maintain zero population growth. Thus, option C is correct.
Read more on population here:
brainly.com/question/25630111
#SPJ1
4. The XXX karyotype is found in one in every 1000 female human births. a)What could have happened during meiosis in either the father or mother to produce an XXX daughter? b) Ifthis occurred in meiosis I of a mother who was heterozygous for a trait on the x chromosome and the father was recessive for this gane, what genotype would the daughter be?
A XXX karyotype is an abnormality that is found in one in every 1000 female human births. It is caused by a missing or extra X chromosome, resulting in an imbalance of sex chromosomes in the body.
In order to understand how this could have occurred during meiosis, we must first understand how meiosis works. During meiosis I, a diploid cell divides into two haploid cells. The haploid cells are then recombined during meiosis II to form the gametes. During this process, the mother’s chromosomes cross over with the father’s, resulting in a variety of possible combinations.
In the case of the XXX karyotype, it is likely that the mother or father had a defect in meiosis I, resulting in an extra or missing X chromosome. This could have occurred if the mother was heterozygous for a trait on the X chromosome and the father was recessive for this gene. In this case, the daughter would be homozygous recessive for this trait, as the XX combination would only have one recessive gene.
Overall, the XXX karyotype is caused by a defect in meiosis I, resulting in an extra or missing X chromosome. In the case of a mother who was heterozygous for a trait on the X chromosome and the father was recessive for this gene, the daughter would be homozygous recessive for this trait. This is due to the fact that the XX combination would only have one recessive gene.
Learn more about Meiosis I at :https://brainly.com/question/29383386
#SPJ4
Is this correct? Please help me and explain
Similar to a person's occupation in that it reveals what that person does in their community, their work, and their role, an organism's niche indicates that organism's role in their environment.
How does a career compare to a niche? Similar to a person's occupation in that it reveals what that person does in their community, their work, and their role, an organism's niche indicates that organism's role in their environment.In terms of ecology, a niche is comparable to a vocation.For instance, if a corporation has a variety of professions and/or positions, each of those jobs has a certain role that the employee is responsible for carrying out.The water an organism consumes, the area it lives in, and whatever materials it utilizes to construct a nest, a burrow, etc. are other elements of its niche.The term "niche" in ecology refers to the function an organism performs within a community. The physical and environmental requirements (such as temperature or topography) and interactions with other species that a species must tolerate make up its niche (like predation or competition) .To learn more about niche refer
https://brainly.com/question/728057
#SPJ1
the region between which two points corresponds to the entire a (dark) band?
(B). 2 and 6, The A band, also known as the dark band, is occupied by the entire length of thick myofilaments.
Myofibrils, a unique part of the muscle cell or muscle fiber, contain myofilaments. They contain proteins. They are also known as microfilaments because of their hair-like texture. There are two varieties of myofilaments:
A) Thick filament: Myosin, a protein, makes up this filament. Muscles are elastic and contractible thanks to myosin.
B) Thin filament: This filament's protein constituent, "Actin," aids in the mechanism of contraction.
The complete question is:
The region between which two points correspond to the entire A (dark) band?
(A). 1 and 2
(B). 2 and 6
(C). 2 and 3
(D). 3 and 5
To learn more about myofilaments please click on the given link: https://brainly.com/question/10671711
#SPJ4
question 8 which of the following are likely sources of human dietary phosphorus? a. protein and hydroxyapatite b. protein and aminobisphosphonate c. dna and rna d. phosphoric acid and calcium
The correct option is C : Because they have a phosphate backbone, nucleic acids are sources of phosphorus in food. Nucleic acids include RNA and DNA.
Although "Diets rich in protein and calcium" were suggested as diets that would probably satisfy phosphorus needs, protein and calcium do not contain any phosphorus on their own. Protein-incorporating biological amino acids do not exist.
Many foods naturally contain phosphorus, but dairy, red meat, poultry, shellfish, legumes, and nuts are the largest sources.
These foods contain what is referred to as organic phosphorus. Animal foods absorb it more effectively than plant foods do.
A component of DNA, RNA, bones, and teeth is phosphorus [1]. Phosphorus, in the form of phospholipids, is also a constituent of ATP, the body's primary energy source, and the structure of cell membranes.
The body phosphorylates a large number of proteins and carbohydrates.
Learn more about to phosphorus visit here;
https://brainly.com/question/1675241
#SPJ4
Which of the following cannot be patented?
The following cannot be patented is New species of plants as according to the patent Act, the ethical, political, and medical bases can not be patented .
Additional information: Biopatent is an professional proper from the authorities which offers the only monopoly to apply a selected cloth for business exploitation of microorganisms strains, mobileular lines, GMO flowers, and animals, a protein encoded DNA sequence, product, and its applications.
Biopiracy is the patenting and exploitation of bioresources with out right authorization. Biopiracy done via way of means of many agencies and multinational companies. Bioresources are the ones organisms that offer business benefits. Every us of a has its bioresources.
Read more about patent:
https://brainly.com/question/16137832
#SPJ4
The complete question is Which of the following cannot be patented?
(a) GM plants
(b) New substance of utility
(c) New species of plants
(d) All the above
The area where the cornea and sclera meet is called?
The limbus is the point where the clear cornea meets the white sclera.
The robust outer tunic of the eye is made up of the cornea and sclera, which withstands the intraocular pressure from within and shields the contents from external mechanical harm. The cornea is the main structural element of the eye's optical system, and it is the interface between the cornea and the air that contributes the majority of the eye's total dioptric power—nearly three-quarters. It is translucent, curved, and has smooth surfaces that meet high optical requirements. Its exterior surface in particular is smooth. The mammalian eye's globe generally resembles a spherical, occasionally being slightly flattened in the antero-posterior direction so that the curvature of the cornea and sclera are identical.
To learn more about the cornea and sclera Please visit the below link.
https://brainly.com/question/29764452
#SPJ4
Which of the following is a cause of a DNA mutation?
O Changes in DNA
O Changes in chromosomes
O Changes in gene
O All of the above
The cause of DNA mutation is changes in DNA (option A).
What is mutation?Mutation is any heritable change of the base-pair sequence of genetic material.
Mutation can also be referred to as a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection.
There are a variety of types of mutations, however, the two major categories of mutations are as follows:
germline mutationssomatic mutationsLearn more about mutation at: https://brainly.com/question/14067753
#SPJ1
9. In your own words, explain why giving the patient sterile water contributed to her death.
Answer:
Giving large amounts of pure water directly into a vein would cause your blood cells to become hypotonic, possibly leading to death.
Explanation:
6 of Part A Which of the following statements about ddNTPs is true? Vlew Available Hint(s) They have an oxygen at the 2' carbon of the sugar. They have a free 3'-hydroxyl group on the sugar. DNA polymerase can add a new DNTP to a 3' ddNTP They have a hydrogen at the 3' carbon of the sugar Submit Part B DNA fragments that are 600 bp long will migrate more quickly through a sequencir gel than fragments that are 150 bp long. Book Pro 6 of 9 Part B DNA fragments that are 600 bp long will migrate more quickly through a sequencing gel than fragments that are 150 bp long. Vlew Available Hint(s) Te False Submit Part C Which of the following statements about manual Sanger sequencing is true? View Available Hint(s) The DNA sequence is read from the top of the gel to the bottom. Each of the four terminating ddNTPs is labeled with a different Book Pro 6 of 9 Part C Which of the following statements about ma Sanger sequencing is true? Vlew Availlable Hint(s) The DNA sequence is read from the top of the gel to the bottom. Each of the four terminating ddNTPs is labeled with a different fluorescent dye. The DNA sequence obtained is complementary to the template strand. One sequencing reaction is performed. Submit Provide Feedback Next > k Pro
1.DdNTPs have a hydrogen at the 3' carbon of the sugar final choice, which is an accurate statement about them.
2. False. Compared to 150 bp-long DNA fragments, 600 bp-long DNA fragments move through a sequencing gel more quickly.
3. The acquired DNA sequence is complementary to the template strand, which is a true statement about manual Sanger sequencing.
4. The acquired DNA sequence is complementary to the template strand, which is a true statement concerning manual Sanger sequencing.
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence, or the arrangement of nucleotides in DNA. Any method or technology can be used to arrange the four bases in this way: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.Sequencing DNA is the process of determining the locations of the four chemical "bases," or molecular building blocks, that make up the DNA molecule. Researchers can determine what kind of genetic information is stored in a certain DNA segment thanks to the sequence.
Learn more about DNA by using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/264225
#SPJ4
what has microwear analysis revealed about the teeth of paranthropus? a) large canine teeth to defend against predators b) a relatively smooth surface, suggesting meat eating c) a rough surface suggesting a tough diet of roots and tubers d) thin tooth enamel
Microwear analysis revealed thin tooth enamel about the teeth of Paranthropus.
What makes Paranthropus special?
Broom designated it as a new species called Paranthropus robustus due to the skull's distinctive characteristics, which included unusually large premolar and molar teeth and a robust or firmly formed lower jaw. Mary Leakey made the initial Paranthropus discovery in east Africa in 1959.
Had Paranthropus a large set of teeth?
An example of a robust australopithecine is Paranthropus robustus, which possessed big megadont cheek teeth with strong enamel and specialised in chewing in the back of the jaw. The passage of powerful chewing muscles to the jaw was made possible by the broad zygomatic arches.
To know more about Paranthropus, click here- brainly.com/question/29332783
#SPJ4
based on their work with insertions and deletions of nucleotides in viral dna, crick and brenner were able to determine that the genetic code is read in increments of nucleotides.
Crick and Brenner determined that the genetic code was read in increments of three nucleotides.
Why does the genetic code is called triplet?
The same codon cannot code for more than one amino acid and for twenty proteins that are present. If the codons are triplet there will be 64 codons which are used to code for 20 amino acids. Hence, the genetic code is a triplet.
The three major codons are:
UAGUAAUGAThese codons terminate the polypeptide chain. Hence, these are called stop codons.
What is a frameshift mutation?
It is a change in the DNA caused by the insertion or deletion of fragments in a DNA sequence. This affects the reading of the genetic code. If one of the nucleotides is deleted from the sequence, then the entire reading of the sequence is changed.
Hence, Francis crick and Sydney Brenner concluded the order of three nucleotides in DNA through insertion (addition of one or more nucleotides to the DNA) and deletion (removal of at least one nucleotide in a gene).
Learn more about nucleotides from the link given below:
https://brainly.com/question/13419698
#SPJ4
when looking at a ventral view of the sheep brain, which of the cranial nerves can be seen emerging from the floor of the midbrain?
The cranial nerve that can be seen emerging from the floor of a sheep's midbrain is the Trochlear nerve
The midbrain is a part of the brain that serves as the connection between various parts of the brain, specifically between the pons and the diencephalon. It contains more than ten types of cranial nerves.
The Trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV) is a motor nerve. It's located in the midbrain, specifically from the posterior surface of the midbrain. The trochlear nerve is the only cranial nerve decussating peripherally, at the superior medullary velum after leaving the brainstem. It causes cranial nerve nuclei deficits to appear as a loss of function of the contralateral superior oblique muscle.
Learn more about midbrain at https://brainly.com/question/11821098
#SPJ4
What is the distinction between the accuracy of the system that shows the processes and cells involved in this growth and development and the actual process of cellular division in the human changes?
Here is the photo of the system
The distinction between the accuracy of the system that shows the processes and cells involved in this growth and development and the actual process of cellular division in the human changes is its more comprehensive and detailed.
What is a Cell?This is referred to as the simplest unit of life and undergoes aggregation to form tissue and organs which are important in the daily functioning of the body.
The system that shows the processes and cells involved in this growth and development are always in a clearer and brief form when compared to the actual process of cellular division in the human changes.
The clearer form makes it to be more comprehensive and detailed to the subject involved which is therefore the reson why it was chosen as the correct choice.
Read more about Cell here https://brainly.com/question/13123319
#SPJ1
increases in insulin increase co2 production in liver and brain but not adipose tissue true or false?
The correct answer is false. Insulin speeds up glucose transport across cell membranes and promotes glycogen synthesis and slows down glycogen breakdown.
Adipokines, proinflammatory substances, and free fatty acids are released by adipose tissue, an endocrine organ that affects both glucose and lipid metabolism. These substances reduce muscle ATP synthesis and glucose metabolism, encourage the synthesis of harmful lipid metabolites, and change insulin signaling. Insulin affects adipose tissue in two ways: 1) by increasing glucose absorption and triglyceride synthesis, and 2) by reducing triglyceride hydrolysis and the release of FFA and glycerol into the bloodstream. Elevated plasma FFA levels have been demonstrated to impair muscle insulin signaling, promote hepatic gluconeogenesis, and impair glucose-stimulated insulin response. Adipose tissue insulin resistance, which is the impaired suppression of lipolysis in the presence of high insulin levels, has been linked to glucose intolerance.
Learn more about glycogen here:
https://brainly.com/question/2009860
#SPJ4
witch of the following statements regarding enzymes is NOT true
The statements regarding enzymes that is NOT true is option A. Enzymes increase the kinetic barrier.
Do enzymes affect the kinetics of a reaction?Enzymes, like other catalysts, don't change the substrate-product equilibrium position. Enzyme-catalyzed reactions, in contrast to chemical reactions that are not catalyzed, exhibit saturation kinetics.
Note that Proteins called enzymes aid in accelerating metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies. Some substances are built, while others are deconstructed. Enzymes are a component of all life. Enzymes are produced by our bodies on their own.
Therefore, Instead of raising the kinetic barrier, enzymes lower it (the statement "Enzymes increase the kinetic barrier" is a false statement and is the correct answer choice here). Enzymes lower the activation energy (the claim that "Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the energy of activation" is accurate and correct), are not consumed in reactions, and have no impact on a reaction's thermodynamics.
Learn more about enzymes from
https://brainly.com/question/14577353
#SPJ1
Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is NOT true?
A. Enzymes increase the kinetic barrier.
B. Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the energy of activation.
C. Enzymes are not used up during reactions.
D. Enzymes do not affect the thermodynamics of a reaction.
Match the cardiac components in the left column to the blanks near their functions on the right.
Bundle branches, internodel pathways, SA Node, AV Node, AV Bundle, Purkinje Fibers
1- Convey(s) the impulse down the interventricular septum
2- Electrical link(s) between atria and ventricles
3- Link(s) between the SA node and AV node
4- Set(s) the pace for the entire heart
5- Convey(s) the impulse throughout the ventricular walls
6- Delay(s) occurs here while atria contract
The atrial muscles contract as the SA node initiates the process, cardiac components . The signal then passes through the Purkinje fibres, the bundle of HIS, the bundle branches, and the AV node before causing the ventricles to contract.
In order to provide electrical in cardiac components impedance from the atria and a pacemaker in its absence, this structure connects the electrical systems of the ventricles and the atria. The AV node's intrinsic rate ranges from 40 to 60 beats per minute (bpm). Result for an image Match the blanks next to the cardiac parts in the right column in the left column to their functions. Bundle branches, internodel routes, the AV Bundle, the AV Node, the SA Node, and the Purkinje Fibers.Conveys the impulse down the interventricular septum in step one. 2- Atrioventricular electrical connection(s) 3- The link(s) connecting the SA and AV nodes 4- Determines the heart's overall rhythm 5- Distributes the impulse along the ventricular walls.
The sinus node produces an electrical stimulation (also called the sinoatrial node, or SA node). This is a little collection of specialised tissue that is found in the right atrium.
Learn more about cardiac components by using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/29434498
#SPJ4
The pedigree below shows the inheritance of free earlobes and attached earlobes in 5 generations of a family. Attached earlobes are caused by a recessive allele (f). How many children of individuals 1 and 2 have free earlobes?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4
Pedigrees
GenerationsSymbolsApplicationStep 1: DefineLet's label the pedigree so that we can understand it better.
The first generation would start at the top, with the last generation at the bottom.
Individuals 1 and 2 are the first generationIndividuals 3, 4, and 5 are the second generationIndividuals 6, 7, 8, and 9 are the third generationIndividuals 10, 11, 12, and 13 are the fourth generationIndividual 14 is the fifth generationAs the key mentions, colored-in squares and circles signify whether a male or female, respectively, has attached earlobes or not.
Individuals 1, 4, 10, 11, 12, and 13 all have attached earlobesIndividuals 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 all have free earlobesStep 2: WorkLet's now find the answer to our question.
[Pedigree] Look for the first generation:∴ the answer to our question is B. 1.
___
Topic: Biology
Unit: Genetics II
do you think a fossil can form anywhere on Earth, or does fossil formation require certain conditions? Explain your answer.
Fossils can form anywhere on Earth as long as the environmental conditions are right.
What are Fossils?
Fossils are the remains or traces of ancient plants, animals, and other organisms preserved in sedimentary rocks. They are some of the most important evidence used to study the evolution of life on Earth. Fossils help scientists to understand what life was like millions of years ago and how it has changed over time.
Certain conditions are required for fossil formation. Fossils form when the remains of an organism are covered and protected from decomposition, usually by sediment or rock. The organism must be covered and protected quickly in order for the fossilization process to take place. Fossilization also takes a long time, and the fossilization process is highly dependent on the local environment, including the temperature, moisture, and other conditions. Therefore, not all environments are capable of producing fossils.
To know more about Fossils,
https://brainly.com/question/28122522
#SPJ1
Which statement does not describe freshwater and saltwater ecosystems accurately?
a. Both support a large number of plants and animals adapted for aquatic living.
b. The primary producers in saltwater and freshwater ecosystems are amoebas.
C. Freshwater ecosystems have a very low salt concentration and include ponds, lakes, streams,
wetlands, and rivers.
d. Saltwater ecosystems have a high salt concentration and include oceans, coral reefs, and
estuaries.
Answer: B
Explanation: Got it right on Ed
The exact cause of ADHD is not well known, however, some of the factors, which can lead to the condition. These are as Genetic factors, as ADHD seems to run in families.
What is chemical imbalance?Chemical imbalance taking place in the brain, Infections, poor nutrition, smoking, substance abuse at the time of pregnancy, and drinking.The toxins like lead can influence the development of the brain of a child.
A brain disorder or brain injury, that is, destruction to the frontal part of the brain can result in the issues associated with ADHD. a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd).
Therefore, The exact cause of ADHD is not well known, however, some of the factors, which can lead to the condition. These are as Genetic factors, as ADHD seems to run in families.
Learn more about brain injury on:
https://brainly.com/question/29484354
#SPJ1
which of the following is associated with homo erectus? a) use of habitats always including forested or heavily wooded areas b) the acheulean hand axe c) high amount of sexual dimorphism, similar to modern day great apes d) brain size larger (on average) or as large as modern humans
Acheulean hand axes have a connection to Homo erectus.
Which stone-working sector is related to Homo erectus?According to a study, "Homo erectus" utilized the industries of both Olduvay and Achel. Homo erectus remains, including the tiniest in Africa, and a wide range of stone tools discovered in Gona, Ethiopia, show that earlier humans were more diversified than previously thought in terms of both physical make-up and behavioral traits.
Which of the following tool cultures is most frequently connected to Homo erectus?Acheulean tools were made in Africa, a large portion of West Asia, South Asia, East Asia, and Europe during the Lower Palaeolithic epoch, and they are frequently discovered with Homo erectus fossils.
To know more about Homo erectus visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/13142473
#SPJ4
1.The most primitive members of the animal kingdom are the a.worms b.cnidarians c.sponges d.mollusks 4.Match the sponge cell type to its function/description. a.covers the outer surface of the body b.uses flagella to move water through the sponge body c.secretes spicules d.creates the hole that water passes through to enter the channels. 1.porocyte 2.epidermal cell 3.collar cell 4.amoebocyte
The answers to both questions are given below:
Sponges are considered as most primitive members of the animal kingdom.
1. Porocytes- creates the hole that water passes through to enter the channels.
2. epidermal cells- covers the outer surface of the body.
3. collar cells- uses flagella to move water through the sponge body.
4. amoebocyte- secretes spicules
The phylum Porifera contains the most basic multicellular sea organisms. Mesophyll fills the space between the two cell layers, which resemble tissues in their body composition. The body's numerous pores and channels allow for direct interaction with the water around it. The unspecialized nature of Sponges' cells and the absence of their neurological, digestive, and circulatory systems contribute to their simplicity.
Through small holes, water enters the sponge's spongocoel and escapes through the osculum.
Choanocytes (collar cells), which fill the spongocoel, have flagella that propel water through the spongocoel and produce a current.
Sponge pumps can move up to five seconds' worth of water, which is roughly equivalent to the sponge's body size.
Members of the phylum Porifera include sponges.
To learn more about the cells of a sponge please click on the given link: https://brainly.com/question/29753405
#SPJ4
the enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules made of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. these types of macromolecules are known as –
a. starches
b. proteins
c. fats
the enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules made of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. these types of macromolecules are known as protein.
The body is made up of protein, which may be found in almost every organ, tissue, and body part, including muscle, bone, skin, and hair. It contributes to the production of haemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood, and enzymes, which drive numerous chemical reactions. You are made up of at least 10,000 different proteins, which also keep you that way.
To know more about protein, click here,
brainly.com/question/10058019
#SPJ4
# of trials conducted and why
For experiment “how does the color of lights affect plant growth?”
Plants may do a variety of tasks with the aid of various colored light.
How does light affect plant growth study?The production of plant food, the size and color of leaves, and blooming are all impacted by light intensity. Plants that are cultivated in low light typically have spindly growth and leaves that are light green. Similar plants cultivated under intense lighting typically have shorter, better branches and bigger, dark green leaves.Plants may do a variety of tasks with the aid of various colored light. For instance, blue light aids in promoting vegetative leaf development. Plants can blossom when exposed to red and blue light. Indoor plant growth is greatly facilitated by cool fluorescent lighting.To learn more about plant growth refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/24567669
#SPJ1
4. today's lab included an example of a colorimetric assay. what other colorimetric assays have you used or discussed in other labs or science classes? list 2-3 examples and indicate what type of molecule or structural feature that each colorimetric test would detect/identify.
In colorimetric tests, chemicals that change color noticeably when the analyte is present are used. In biochemistry, they are frequently used to check for the presence of enzymes, certain substances, antibodies, hormones, and many other analytes.
For instance, an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase transforms the compound para-Nitrophenyl phosphate into a yellow substance. After binding to proteins, Coomassie Blue causes a spectrum shift that enables quantitative dosing. The Bicinchoninic acid assay, a related colorimetric assay, gauges protein content by a chemical process.
Enzyme-linked immunochromatographic use enzyme-complexed antibodies to detect antigens. The binding of both the antibody is commonly deduced from the change in color of reagent such as TMB.
To learn more about colorimetric tests
https://brainly.com/question/14391658
#SPJ4
which of the following could be described as a cranial (pertaining to the head) adaptation of mammals? a) a reduced number of ethmoturbinals (scroll-shaped bones in the nose) b) a double-jointed jaw c) a hard palate that completely separates the nasal cavity and oral cavity d) the presence of only one middle ear ossicle for sound transmission
Mammals' middle ear ossicles connect the exterior and inner ears by sitting in a space filled with air.
Describe a primate skull?The primate cranium is a highly integrated, sophisticated structure that performs a variety of essential tasks such as protecting the brain and its appendages (primarily the eyes), respiration, olfaction, food acquisition, and mastication (Lieberman et al., 2008)
How can one identify if a cranium belongs to a primate?The orbital convergence and orbital frontation, the postorbital bar, and an increase in cranial base flexion together with a decrease in cranial base angle are characteristics that set the primate skull apart from those of the majority of other mammals.
To know more about middle ear visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/3535321
#SPJ4
review the following list of processes that can alter the genetic make up of a population. which one is considered by scientists to be primarily responsible for evolution?
Mutations is considered by scientists to be primarily responsible for evolution. Mutations are essential to evolution. Every genetic feature in every organism was, initially, the result of a mutation. The new genetic variant (allele) spreads via reproduction, and differential reproduction is a defining aspect of evolution.
The processes that can alter the genetic makeup of a population are: genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, and natural selection. Of these, natural selection is considered by scientists to be primarily responsible for evolution.
Step 1: Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more common or less common in a population over time. This happens when individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than others. For example, if there is a change in the environment, some individuals may have traits that make them more likely to survive and reproduce in that environment, while others may not.
Step 2: As individuals with certain traits reproduce, their offspring will also have those traits. Over time, these traits become more common in the population. This means that the traits that are beneficial for survival and reproduction will become more common, and those that are not beneficial will become less common.
Step 3: As the population evolves, the genetic make up of the population changes. This change is due to natural selection, which is the primary cause of evolution. Over time, the population will become better adapted to its environment, as the traits that are beneficial will become more common and the traits that are not beneficial will become less common.
To know more about genetic :
brainly.com/question/28980835
#SPJ4
How are chromosomes passed down to offspring in sexually reproducing organisms?
Through mitosis, parents' chromosomes are replicated to create unique cells for offspring.
Offspring receive the majority of their chromosomes from one of their parents.
Chromosomes come in pairs, one from each parent, that code for the same trait.
Offspring receive genes for half of their traits from each parent (ex: chromosomes for eye color from their mother and hair color from their father).
The Correct answer is b) Offspring receive the majority of their chromosomes from one of their parents.
What is Chromosomes?Each cell's nucleus contains the chromosome, which is packed into thread-like filaments. Each chromosome is made up structurally of DNA that is tightly wound around unique proteins called histones. Under a microscope, chromosomes are typically invisible. They only become visible when cells divide, which is the only time they do.Chromosomes are found in all living things, and humans have 23 pairs of them. These 22 pairs of chromosomes are known as autosomes, and both males and females have the same number of them. Allosomes, or the 23rd pair of chromosomes, are unique to each gender. Males only have one copy of each of the "X" and "Y" chromosomes, whereas females have two copies of each.To learn more about Chromosomes refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/11912112
#SPJ1
