The subscript numbers in covalent compounds can be determined by the prefixes used in the written name of the compound.
Covalent compounds are formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms, and their names are derived from the prefixes used to indicate the number of each type of atom in the compound.
The prefix indicates the number of atoms of each element, and the second element is given an "-ide" ending. For example, carbon dioxide has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms, and is written as CO₂. The prefix "di" indicates two atoms of oxygen, and the subscript "2" indicates that there are two oxygen atoms.
Similarly, dinitrogen trioxide has two nitrogen atoms and three oxygen atoms, and is written as N₂O₃. The prefix "di" indicates two nitrogen atoms, and the prefix "tri" indicates three oxygen atoms, thus leading to the correct subscript numbers.
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In a creek bed you find smooth rocks of all sizes. What could explain this?
A. A chemical change has occurred in these rocks.
B. Water has dissolved the outer layers of rocks.
C. When rocks are transported by water, abrasion occurs as they rub and bump into each other.
D. The types of rocks in streams are not as hard as other rocks
C. When rocks are transported by water, abrasion occurs as they rub and bump into each other.
The presence of smooth rocks of all sizes in a creek bed is most likely explained by the process of abrasion. As water flows over and around the rocks, they can rub and bump against each other, causing the surfaces to wear down and become smoother over time. This is a common occurrence in streams and rivers where the movement of water constantly interacts with the rocks, gradually eroding and smoothing their surfaces.
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Two students made the Lewis dot diagrams of NH3. The diagrams are as shown.
Two visual diagrams of an N H three molecule are shown. Student As diagram on the left has nitrogen at the center and connects with each hydrogen atom by an arrow pointing away from nitrogen, one below, one on the right, and one on the left. There is a pair of dots above the nitrogen atom. Student Bs diagram on the right has nitrogen at the center connecting by a straight line to each hydrogen positioned below, to the left, and to the right of nitrogen.
Which student drew the correct Lewis dot diagram? (4 points)
Group of answer choices
Only Student A
Only Student B
Both Student A and Student B
Neither Student A nor Student B
Answer:
only student B
Explanation:
five electrons int eh valence shell of nitrogen atoms
KOH (aq) + H3PO4 (aq) → K3PO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
The above chemical reaction is an example of
A. Synthesis
B. Single replacement
C. Double replacement
D. Decomposition
C. Double Replacement. The double replacement reaction occurs when two compounds exchange their cations and anions to form two new compounds. In the given equation, the cation of KOH (potassium) and the anion of H3PO4 (phosphate) switch places to form K₃PO₄ and H₂O.
What is compound?Compound is a type of molecule that is made up of two or more atoms of different elements bonded together. This type of bond is called a covalent bond, and it is formed when the atoms share electrons. Compounds can be organic or inorganic, and can be found almost everywhere in nature. Organic compounds are made up of carbon and hydrogen, and are found in living organisms. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon and can be found in water, soil, rocks, and many other places. Compounds can be used in everyday life, such as in medicines, plastics, and fuels.
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Help what’s the answer?
The computation in the question results in the production of 21 g of NF3.
The limiting reactant determines the product in what way?Because it is the reactant that is totally consumed during the reaction, the limiting reactant specifies the maximum amount of product that can be created in a chemical process.
F2 molecular weight is 16.5 g/38 g/mol.
= 0.43 moles
N2 molecular weight is 16.5 g/28 g/mol.
= 0.59 moles
Now;
If 3 moles of F2 and 1 mole of N2 react,
N2 interacts with 0.59 moles at 0.59 * 3/1.
= 1.77 moles of F2
Thus F2 is the limiting reactant
2 moles of NF3 are created from 3 moles of F2.
When using 0.43 moles of F2, you get 0.43 * 2/3.
= 0.29 moles
NF3 mass generated is 0.29 moles * 71 g/mol.
= 21 g
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How many moles are in 3. 612x1024 atoms of Carbon?
YOU MUST SHOW YOUR WORK IN ORDER TO RECEIVE CREDIT
There are approximately 6 moles in given set of atoms.
To find the number of moles in 3.612x10^24 atoms of Carbon, you will need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022x10^23 atoms/mol.
1. Determine the number of atoms given: 3.612x10^24 atoms of Carbon
2. Use Avogadro's number to convert atoms to moles:
(3.612x10^24 atoms) * (1 mol / 6.022x10^23 atoms)
3. Perform the calculation:
(3.612x10^24) / (6.022x10^23) = 6 moles (approximately)
So, there are approximately 6 moles in 3.612x10^24 atoms of Carbon.
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How many grams of KNO3 are needed to make 1. 50 liters of a 0. 50 M KNO3 solution?
We need 75.825 grams of KNO₃ to make 1.50 liters of a 0.50 M KNO₃ solution.
To calculate the number of grams of KNO₃ needed to make a 0.50 M solution of KNO₃ in 1.50 L of water, we need to use the following formula:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute/liters of solution
Rearranging the formula, we can find the moles of solute needed:
moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solution
Substituting the given values, we get;
moles of KNO₃ = 0.50 M x 1.50 L = 0.75 moles
To find the mass of KNO₃ required, we need to use the molar mass of KNO₃. The molar mass of KNO₃ is;
K; 39.10 g/mol
N; 14.01 g/mol
O; 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of KNO₃ = 39.10 + 14.01 + (3 x 16.00)
= 101.10 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the mass of KNO₃ needed as follows;
mass of KNO₃ = moles of KNO₃ x molar mass of KNO₃
= 0.75 moles x 101.10 g/mol
= 75.825 g
Therefore, we need 75.825 grams of KNO₃.
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Compound t is a white crystalline solid.
naoh ca)
a neat
when a sample of t was mixed with aqueous sodium hydroxide and heated, a pungent smelling
gas was produced which turned damp red litmus paper blue. this same gas produced dense
white smoke with hydrogen chloride gas. hcl cg)
further testing of a solution of t with barium chloride solution produced a dense white precipitate
which did not dissolve when dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the mixture.
wh3
nh₃ + ball → nh y cut ba
what is the identity of compound t?
a
ammonium carbonate
b ammonium sulfate
csodium carbonate
d
sodium sulfate
The compounds A, B and C are ammonium chloride, ammonia gas and silver chloride respectively.
Ammonium chloride, is a white crystalline solid which is soluble in water. On heating with sodium hydroxide it will produce ammonia gas, which is a colorless gas and has a odor or pungent smell.
So, Ammonia gas will turn red litmus into blue as it's pH is 11.6.
When Ammonium chloride reacts with silver nitrate in presence of dilute Nitric acid , it produces Silver chloride and Ammonium nitrate
AgCl is soluble in Ammonia because it can form complexes which
makes it behave like an ion, making it soluble.
Therefore, Compound A is Ammonium chloride,
B is ammonia gas
and C is Silver chloride.
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The complete question is
A white solid A when heated with sodium hydroxide solution gives a pungent gas B which turns red litmus paper blue. The solid when dissolved in dilute nitric acid is treated with Silver nitrate solution to give white precipitate C, which is soluble in ammonia.
(A) What are the substance A, B, and C?
If the molal concentration in water is the same for the following substances, rank these solutions in decreasing melting point. Highest placed in the rank will have the highest melting point.
calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2
glucose, c6h12o6
sodium chloride, NaCl
magnesium chloride, MgCl2
The ranking of these solutions in decreasing melting point is: calcium phosphate > magnesium chloride > sodium chloride > glucose.
To rank the solutions with the same molal concentration in decreasing order of their melting points, we need to consider their van't Hoff factor (i), which represents the number of particles a solute dissociates into when dissolved in water. The formula to calculate the effect of a solute on the melting point of a solution is ΔTf = Kf × m × i, where Kf is the cryoscopic constant of water, m is the molality, and i is the van't Hoff factor.
Here are the van't Hoff factors for each substance:
1. Calcium phosphate, Ca₃(PO₄)₂: This substance dissociates into 5 ions (3 Ca²⁺ + 2 PO₄³⁻), so i = 5.
2. Glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆: This substance is a molecular compound and does not dissociate into ions, so i = 1.
3. Sodium chloride, NaCl: This substance dissociates into 2 ions (Na⁺ + Cl⁻), so i = 2.
4. Magnesium chloride, MgCl₂: This substance dissociates into 3 ions (Mg²⁺ + 2 Cl⁻), so i = 3.
Using the van't Hoff factor, we can rank the solutions in decreasing order of their melting points:
1. Calcium phosphate, Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (i = 5)
2. Magnesium chloride, MgCl₂(i = 3)
3. Sodium chloride, NaCl (i = 2)
4. Glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆ (i = 1)
So, the ranking of these solutions in decreasing melting point is: calcium phosphate > magnesium chloride > sodium chloride > glucose.
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tests show that the hydrogen ion concentration of a sample of apple juice is 0.0003 and that of ammonia is . find the ph of each liquid using the formula , where is the hydronium ion concentration.
The pH of the apple juice is approximately 3.52.
The pH of ammonia is approximately 11.13.
The pH of the apple juice can be calculated using the formula pH = -log[H₃O⁺], where [H₃O⁺] is the hydronium ion concentration. Given that the hydrogen ion concentration of the apple juice is 0.0003, the hydronium ion concentration can be calculated as follows:
[H₃O⁺] = 10^(-pH)
0.0003 = 10^(-pH)
-pH = ㏒(0.0003)
pH = -㏒(0.0003)
pH = 3.52
As a result, the pH of apple juice is roughly 3.52.
Similarly, the pH of ammonia can be calculated using the same formula. However, we are given the hydrogen ion concentration for ammonia, so we need to calculate the hydronium ion concentration first. Ammonia is a base, so it reacts with water to produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻):
NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄⁺ + OH⁻
The equilibrium constant for this reaction is the base dissociation constant, Kb. For ammonia, Kb = 1.8 x 10⁻⁵ at 25°C. Using this value, we can calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions as follows:
Kb = [NH4⁺][OH⁻]/[NH₃3
1.8 x 10⁻⁵ = x²/0.05
x = 1.34 x 10⁻³
Therefore, the concentration of hydroxide ions is 1.34 x 10⁻³ M. Using the formula for pH, we can now calculate the pH of ammonia:
pOH = -㏒[OH⁻] = -㏒(1.34 x 10⁻³) = 2.87
pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 2.87 = 11.13
As a result, the pH of ammonia is about 11.13.
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. if 3.7 moles of propane (c3hs) are at a temperature of 28°c and are under 154.2 kpa of pressure, what volume does the sample occupy?
The volume occupied by 3.7 moles of propane at a temperature of 28°C and under 154.2 kPa of pressure is approximately 55.44 liters.
To find the volume occupied by 3.7 moles of propane (C3H8) at a temperature of 28°C and under 154.2 kPa of pressure, we will use the Ideal Gas Law, which is given by the equation:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:
T = 28°C + 273.15 = 301.15 K
Next, we will use the ideal gas constant in the appropriate units (since the pressure is given in kPa):
R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) = 8.314 kPa·L/(mol·K)
Now we can rearrange the Ideal Gas Law equation to solve for the volume (V):
V = nRT / P
Substitute the known values into the equation:
V = (3.7 moles) × (8.314 kPa·L/(mol·K)) × (301.15 K) / (154.2 kPa)
V ≈ 55.44 L
So, the volume occupied by 3.7 moles of propane at a temperature of 28°C and under 154.2 kPa of pressure is approximately 55.44 liters.
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The temperature of CI 2 is changed from 836. 06 K to 625. 29 K. If its new volume is 14. 509 L, what was its original volume in liters?
The original volume of CI₂ was 19.33 L.
According to Charles' Law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant pressure. This can be expressed as V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂, where V₁ and T₁ are the initial volume and temperature, and V₂ and T₂ are the final volume and temperature.
In this problem, we are given the initial temperature (T₁ = 836.06 K), final temperature (T₂ = 625.29 K), and final volume (V₂ = 14.509 L). We are asked to find the initial volume (V₁). To do this, we can rearrange the Charles' Law equation to solve for V₁:
V₁ = (V₂/T₂) x T₁
Plugging in the values, we get:
V₁ = (14.509 L/625.29 K) x 836.06 K
V₁ = 19.35 L
As a result, the initial volume of CI₂ was 19.33 L.
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What is the molality of 653. grams of ethylene glycol C₂H6O2 in 500. mL of water?
Help what’s the answer?
The mass of the NF3 that is produced from the calculation in the question is 21 g.
How does the limiting reactant decide the product?The limiting reactant determines the amount of product that can be formed in a chemical reaction because it is the reactant that is completely consumed during the reaction.
Number of moles of F2 = 16.5 g/38 g/mol
= 0.43 moles
Number of moles of N2 = 16.5g/28 g/mol
= 0.59 moles
Now;
If 1 mole of N2 reacts with 3 moles of F2
0.59 moles of N2 reacts with 0.59 * 3/1
= 1.77 moles of F2
Thus F2 is the limiting reactant
3 moles of F2 produces 2 moles of NF3
0.43 MOLE OF F2 will produce 0.43 * 2/3
= 0.29 moles
Mass of NF3 produced = 0.29 moles * 71 g/mol
= 21 g
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The graph shows the distribution of energy in the particles of two gas samples at different temperatures, T1 and T2. A, B, and C represent individual particles. The graph shows the distribution of energy in the particles of two gas samples at different temperatures, T1 and T2. A, B, and C represent individual particles.
More gas particles participate in the reaction at T2 than at T1. Option D
How does temperature affect the energy distribution of gases?The graphs are not shown here but I can explain the relationship between how temperature affect the energy distribution of gases.
According to the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, a gas's molecule energies are distributed according to temperature, and the most likely energy increases as the temperature rises.
As the temperature of a gas increases, the peak of the energy distribution shifts to higher energies, and an increase in the proportion of molecules with higher energies follows. The possibility of high-energy gas molecule collisions, which can lead to chemical reactions or other kinds of energy transfer, is increased by this.
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Missing parts;
The graph shows the distribution of energy in the particles of two gas samples at different temperatures, T1 and T2. A, B, and C represent individual particles.
Based on the graph, which of the following statements is likely to be true? (3 points)
Particle A is more likely to participate in the reaction than particle B.
Particle C is more likely to participate in the reaction than particle B.
The number of particles able to undergo a chemical reaction is less than the number that is not able to.
More gas particles participate in the reaction at T2 than at T1.
Which substance is always produced in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.
The reaction between hydrochloric acid ([tex]HCl[/tex]) and sodium hydroxide ([tex]NaOH[/tex]) is a classic example of an acid-base neutralization reaction. In this reaction, the hydrogen ions ([tex]H+[/tex]) in the acid react with the hydroxide ions ([tex]OH-[/tex]) in the base to form water ([tex]H2O[/tex]) and a salt, which in this case is sodium chloride ([tex]NaCl[/tex]).
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
[tex]HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)[/tex]
So, the substance that is always produced in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is water and a salt, which is sodium chloride. This reaction is exothermic and the heat released during the reaction can be used to increase the temperature of the solution.
This reaction is widely used in the chemical industry for various applications such as neutralizing acidic waste, producing table salt, and in the production of soap and detergents.
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Calculate the theoretical yield of alf3 obtained from 0.45 mol of al in the reaction 2ai + 3f2 2aif3
The theoretical yield of aluminum fluoride (AlF₃) obtained from 0.45 mol of aluminum (Al) is 0.45 mol.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum (Al) and fluorine (F₂) to form aluminum fluoride (AlF₃) is:
2 Al + 3 F₂ → 2 AlF₃
According to the equation, 2 moles of aluminum react with 3 moles of fluorine to produce 2 moles of aluminum fluoride. Therefore, the stoichiometric ratio of aluminum to aluminum fluoride is 2:2 or 1:1.
Given that 0.45 mol of aluminum is used in the reaction, the theoretical yield of aluminum fluoride can be calculated as follows:
0.45 mol Al × (2 mol AlF₃ ÷ 2 mol Al) = 0.45 mol AlF₃
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For each of the following compounds, decide whether the compound's solubility in aqueous solution changes with pH. If the solubility does change, pick the pH at which you'd expect the highest solubility. You'll find Ksp data in the ALEKS Data tab.
compound Does solubility change with pH? highest solubility pH = 5 | pH = 7. PH | pH = 8
NaBr Васо, OOOOO Сасі, X 5 ? Formula BaCrO4 BaSO4 CaCO3 CaF2 Co(OH)2 CuBr CuCO3 Fe(OH)2 POCO3 PbCr04 PbF2 Mg(OH)2 Ni(OH)2 AgBroz A92CO3 AgCI Ag2 CrO4 SrCO3 ZnCO3 Zn(OH)2 AgBr Aucl Ksp 1. 17x10-10 1. 08x10-10 3. 36x10-9 3. 45x10-11 5. 92x10-15 6. 27x10-9 1. 4x10-10 4. 87x10-17 7. 40x10-14 2. 8x10-13 3. 3x10-8 5. 61x10-12 5. 48x10-16 5. 38x10-5 8. 46x10-12 1. 77x10-10 1. 12x10-12 5. 60x10-10 1. 46x10-10 3. 0x10-17 5. 35x 10-13 1. 77x10-10
The solubility of some compounds does change with pH. Specifically, the solubility of compounds containing hydroxide ions (OH-) or carbonate ions (CO3^2-) will increase as the pH becomes more basic. For example, CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 will have higher solubility at pH 8 compared to pH 5 or 7.
On the other hand, compounds containing sulfates (SO4^2-) or fluorides (F-) will have minimal pH dependence. For example, BaSO4 and CaF2 will have similar solubility at pH 5, 7, and 8.
For compounds with Ksp values given in the table, the pH at which highest solubility is achieved is dependent on the specific compound. The highest solubility pH for each compound can be determined by examining the specific ion involved and its dependence on pH.
Based on the provided Ksp values, I'll analyze the solubility of some of the compounds at different pH levels:
1. NaBr: Solubility does not change with pH as it's a neutral salt and neither cation nor anion react with water.
2. BaCrO4: Solubility changes with pH. Highest solubility at pH = 7, because the anion (CrO4^2-) can form a precipitate with Ba^2+ at lower pH levels.
3. CaCO3: Solubility changes with pH. Highest solubility at pH = 5, because the anion (CO3^2-) can form a precipitate with Ca^2+ at higher pH levels.
4. CaF2: Solubility does not significantly change with pH as it's a slightly soluble salt, and the anion (F-) does not react with water.
5. Co(OH)2: Solubility changes with pH. Highest solubility at pH = 5, because the compound can form a precipitate at higher pH levels due to increased hydroxide concentration.
Note that due to the format of the provided information, it's not possible to analyze all compounds. However, this methodology can be applied to the remaining compounds based on their Ksp values and potential reactions with water.
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Find the number of grams of zinc (Zn) metal that will completely react with 730
grams of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and hydrogen gas
(H2).
Write the balanced chemical equation.
Use coefficients from balanced equation to determine mole ratio
654 grams of Zn metal will completely react with 730 grams of HCl
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
From the equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of Zn, 2 moles of HCl are required for a complete reaction. This means the mole ratio of Zn to HCl is 1:2.
To determine the number of moles of HCl used, we need to convert the given mass of HCl to moles. The molar mass of HCl is 36.5 g/mol, so:
730 g HCl x (1 mol HCl/36.5 g HCl) = 20 moles HCl
Using the mole ratio from the balanced equation, we can determine the number of moles of Zn required:
20 moles HCl x (1 mol Zn/2 mol HCl) = 10 moles Zn
Finally, we can convert the number of moles of Zn to grams using its molar mass of 65.4 g/mol:
10 moles Zn x (65.4 g Zn/mol) = 654 grams of Zn
Therefore, 654 grams of Zn metal will completely react with 730 grams of HCl to produce ZnCl2 and H2.
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Which solubility curve on the right best represents the data table on the left?
A solubility curve is a graphical representation of the solubility of a substance in a specific solvent as a function of temperature.
The solubility is typically expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent. In order to answer the question of which solubility curve on the right best represents the data table on the left, we need to compare the solubility values in the data table with the solubility values on each of the curves.
We can see from the data table that the solubility of the substance increases with temperature, which is a common trend for most substances. As the temperature increases, the solvent molecules move faster, which allows more solute molecules to dissolve.
To compare the data table with the solubility curves, we need to look for the curve that shows an increase in solubility with increasing temperature. We can see that Curve A fits this description. The solubility values on Curve A increase as the temperature increases, just like the data table.
Therefore, we can conclude that Curve A best represents the data table on the left.
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Heterocyclic aromatic compounds undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution in a similar fashion to that undergone by benzene with the formation of a resonance-stabilized intermediate.
That statement "Heterocyclic aromatic compounds undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution in a similar fashion to that undergone by benzene with the formation of a resonance-stabilized intermediate." is generally true.
Heterocyclic aromatic compounds, like benzene, contain a ring of atoms with alternating double bonds (pi bonds) and exhibit delocalized pi electrons that are responsible for their aromaticity.
Electrophilic aromatic substitution is a common reaction for these types of compounds, where an electrophile is attracted to the electron-rich ring and substitutes for one of the hydrogen atoms.
The resulting intermediate is a resonance-stabilized carbocation, just like in the case of benzene.
However, the reactivity and selectivity of heterocyclic aromatic compounds may differ from that of benzene due to differences in the electronic properties of the heteroatom(s) in the ring and their effect on the ring's electron density.
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(copied answer from the sheet)
The iron haematite contains 70% iron by mass. We can calculate the amount of iron obtained in 1 tonne (1000kg) of haematite by:
Mass of iron )kg)= 70/100 x1000=700kg
Calculate the amount of calcium and magnesium obtained from 500kg of dolomite, which is 22% calcium and 13% magnesium by mass. Show your working
1. The mass of calcium obtained from 500 Kg of dolomite is 110 kilograms
2. The mass of magnesium obtained from 500 Kg of dolomite is 65 kilograms
How do i determine the mass obtained?The mass of calcium and magnesium in the 500 Kg of dolomite can be obtained as shown below:
1. For calcium
Percentage of calcium = 22%Mass of dolomite = 500 kilogramsMass of calcium =?Mass of calcium = Percentage of calcium × Mass of dolomite
Mass of calcium = 22% × 500
Mass of calcium = (22/100) × 500
Mass of calcium = 110 kilograms
2. For magnesium
Percentage of magnesium = 13%Mass of dolomite = 500 kilogramsMass of magnesium =?Mass of magnesium = Percentage of magnesium × Mass of dolomite
Mass of magnesium = 13% × 500
Mass of magnesium = (13/100) × 500
Mass of magnesium = 65 kilograms
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Problems - Using Equation Editor SHOW all calculations!!! 1. The stannous fluoride in a 10. 00 g sample of toothpaste was extracted and then precipitated with lanthanum nitrate solution. 0. 105 g of precipitate was collected. What is the mass of SnF2 present in the toothpaste sample? What is the mass percentage of stannous fluoride in the 10. 00 g sample of toothpaste? The percentage of SnF2 listed on the box was 1. 50%. What does this say about our percent yield of the extraction/recovery process?
The calculation of the mass of SnF₂ present in the toothpaste sample determined it to be 0.105 g. The mass percentage of stannous fluoride in the toothpaste sample was found to be 1.05%. The percent yield of the extraction/recovery process, comparing the recovered mass of SnF₂ to the expected mass based on the percentage listed on the box, was calculated to be 70.0%. This indicates a moderate level of efficiency in the extraction/recovery process.
To solve this problem, we need to use stoichiometry and the concept of percent yield.
1. Calculation of the mass of SnF₂ present in the toothpaste sample:
Let's assume that all the SnF₂ in the toothpaste sample was extracted and precipitated.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between stannous fluoride and lanthanum nitrate is:
SnF₂ + 2La(NO₃)3 → La₂(SnF₆) + 6NO₃
According to the equation, 1 mole of SnF₂ reacts with 2 moles of La(NO₃)₃ to form 1 mole of La2(SnF6).
The molar mass of SnF2 is 156.69 g/mol.
Therefore, the number of moles of SnF₂ in the toothpaste sample is:
n(SnF₂) = (0.105 g)/(156.69 g/mol) = 0.0006701 mol
Since the stoichiometric ratio of SnF₂ to La₂(SnF₆) is 1:1, the number of moles of La₂(SnF₆) formed is also 0.0006701 mol.
The mass of SnF2 present in the toothpaste sample is:
m(SnF₂) = n(SnF₂) × M(SnF₂) = 0.0006701 mol × 156.69 g/mol = 0.105 g
Therefore, the mass of SnF₂ present in the toothpaste sample is 0.105 g.
2. Calculation of the mass percentage of stannous fluoride in the toothpaste sample:
The mass percentage of SnF₂ in the toothpaste sample is:
% mass = (mass of SnF₂ / mass of toothpaste sample) × 100%
The mass of the toothpaste sample is given as 10.00 g.
Therefore, the mass percentage of SnF₂ in the toothpaste sample is:
% mass = (0.105 g / 10.00 g) × 100% = 1.05%
Therefore, the mass percentage of stannous fluoride in the toothpaste sample is 1.05%.
3. Analysis of the percent yield of the extraction/recovery process:
The percentage of SnF₂ listed on the box was 1.50%.
The percent yield of the extraction/recovery process is calculated as:
% yield = (mass of SnF₂ recovered / expected mass of SnF₂) × 100%
The expected mass of SnF₂ in the toothpaste sample, based on the percentage listed on the box, is:
mass of SnF₂ expected = (1.50% / 100%) × 10.00 g = 0.150 g
Therefore, the percent yield of the extraction/recovery process is:
% yield = (0.105 g / 0.150 g) × 100% = 70.0%
This means that the efficiency of the extraction/recovery process was 70.0%, which is not very high. It could be due to various factors such as incomplete extraction or loss of SnF₂ during the precipitation process.
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why is iron widely extracted in the industries
Answer: it's an integral component of steel
Explanation: it's also an economic essential to US growth and is used for transportation, energy, and construction
Katja plans an experiment that measures the temperature of different colors of paper placed in sunlight. Her hypothesis is that if black, blue, yellow, red, and white sheets of paper are exposed to white light, then the black sheet of paper will increase the most in temperature. Katja will place a sheet of each color of paper of the same size and thickness in the same location for the same amount of time. Why will katja use different colors of paper in her experiment?
Katja will use different colors of paper in her experiment to test her hypothesis and determine which color of paper will increase the most in temperature when exposed to sunlight.
By using a variety of colors, Katja can compare the results and determine if her hypothesis is correct or if another color of paper increases the most in temperature.
This experiment will provide valuable information about the effects of different colors on temperature and can be useful in a variety of applications, such as in the development of materials that are resistant to heat or for designing energy-efficient buildings that reflect sunlight.
Ultimately, the use of different colors of paper in this experiment allows for a more thorough and accurate analysis of the relationship between color and temperature.
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0.97 g of product were generated in a reaction, which corresponds to 63.1% yield. what is the theoretical yield of this reaction in grams?
The theoretical yield of this reaction in grams is approximately 1.54 g.
The theoretical yield of a reaction is the maximum amount of product that could be obtained if the reaction went to completion. In this case, since we know the actual yield (0.97 g) and the percent yield (63.1%), we can use this information to calculate the theoretical yield.
First, we can use the percent yield formula to calculate the actual amount of product that was expected based on the theoretical yield:
Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100
Rearranging this formula, we can solve for the theoretical yield:
Theoretical yield = actual yield / (percent yield / 100)
Plugging in the values we know, we get:
Theoretical yield = 0.97 g / (63.1 / 100) = 1.54 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of this reaction is 1.54 g. This means that if the reaction had gone to completion, we would have expected to obtain 1.54 g of product. The actual yield of 0.97 g represents only 63.1% of the theoretical yield.
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The temperature of a sample of gas in a steel tank at 50.0 kPa is
increased from -100.0°C to 35.0 °C. What is the final pressure
inside the tank?
The final pressure inside the tank is 88.9 kPa.
How to find the final pressureTo solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas.
The combined gas law is given by:
(P1 * V1) / (T1) = (P2 * V2) / (T2)
where
P1 and T1 are the initial pressure and temperature of the gas,
V1 is the initial volume of the gas,
P2 is the final pressure of the gas,
V2 is the final volume of the gas, and
T2 is the final temperature of the gas.
We can assume that the volume of the gas in the tank remains constant, since it is a steel tank. Therefore, V1 = V2.
We can convert the temperatures to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to each temperature value. Therefore,
T1 = 173.15 K and
T2 = 308.15 K.
Substituting these values into the combined gas law, we get:
(50.0 kPa * V1) / (173.15 K) = (P2 * V1) / (308.15 K)
P2 = (50.0 kPa * 308.15 K) / 173.15 K
P2 = 88.98 kPa
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Answer:
88.98 kPa (2 d.p.)
Explanation:
To find the final pressure inside the steel tank, we can use Gay-Lussac's law since the volume is constant.
Gay-Lussac's law[tex]\boxed{\sf \dfrac{P_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2}{T_2}}[/tex]
where:
P₁ is the initial pressure.T₁ is the initial temperature (in kelvins).P₂ is the final pressure.T₂ is the final temperature (in kelvins).As we are solving for the final pressure, rearrange the equation to isolate P₂:
[tex]\sf P_2=\dfrac{P_1T_2}{T_1}[/tex]
Convert the given temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15:
[tex]\implies \sf T_1=-100+273.15=173.15\;K[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf T_2=35+273.15=308.15\;K[/tex]
Therefore, the values to substitute into the equation are:
P₁ = 50.0 kPaT₁ = 173.15 KT₂ = 308.15 KSubstitute the values into the equation and solve for P₂:
[tex]\implies \sf P_2=\dfrac{50.0\cdot 308.15}{173.15}[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf P_2=\dfrac{15407.5}{173.15}[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf P_2=88.98354028...[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf P_2=88.98\;kPa\;(2\;d.p.)[/tex]
Therefore, the final pressure inside the steel tank is 88.98 kPa when the temperature is increased from -100.0°C to 35.0°C.
If a person consumes 5. 33 × 105 kcal in a day and one barrel of oil can produce 3. 70 × 106 kcal, what is the equivalent of energy consumed per year by that person in terms of barrels of oil?
The person consumes approximately 144 barrels of oil equivalent energy per year.
To calculate the equivalent energy consumed by the person in barrels of oil per year, we need to divide the total energy consumed by the person in a year by the energy produced by one barrel of oil.
Energy consumed per year = 5.33 × 10⁵ kcal/day × 365 days = 1.94945 × 10⁸ kcal/year
Energy produced by one barrel of oil = 3.70 × 10⁶ kcal/barrel
Therefore, the equivalent energy consumed by the person in barrels of oil per year is:
1.94945 × 10⁸ kcal/year ÷ 3.70 × 10⁶ kcal/barrel = 52.6 barrels of oil/year
Rounding this to the nearest whole number, we get that the person consumes approximately 144 barrels of oil equivalent energy per year.
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Drag each label to the correct location on the diagram. Each label can be used more than once.
What is the correct way to represent the ionic compound sodium fluoride?
thank you so much
There is the transfer of one electron from sodium to fluorine atoms.
What is the ionic bonding?Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bond that occurs between atoms that have a large difference in their electronegativity, which is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
In ionic bonding, one atom transfers one or more valence electrons to another atom, forming two oppositely charged ions. The atom that loses electrons becomes a positively charged ion, called a cation, while the atom that gains electrons becomes a negatively charged ion, called an anion.
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A sample of copper has a mass of 500. grams. If this sample absorbs 12 750 joules of heat,
how much will its temperature change?
The amount by which the temperature of the sample of copper will change is 66.23°C.
How to calculate change in temperature?The change in temperature (∆T) of a substance can be calculated using the following calorimetric equation:
Q = mc∆T
Where;
Q = quantity of heat absorbed or releasedm = mass c = specific heat capacity∆T = change in temperatureAccording to this question, a sample of copper has a mass of 500 grams. If this sample absorbs 12750 joules of heat, the ∆T can be calculated thus;
∆T = 12750J ÷ (500g × 0.385J/g°C)
∆T = 66.23°C
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_____KOH (aq) + ____H3PO4 (aq) → ___K3PO4 (aq) + __H2O (l)
To balance the equation, which formula(s) should have a coefficient of 1?
A. KOH
B. K3PO4
C. H3PO4
D. Both H3PO4 and K3PO4
3KOH(aq) +H₃PO₄(aq) → K₃PO₄(aq) +3H₂O (l) ; A.) KOH should have a coefficient of 1.
Which formula should have coefficient of 1 to balance the equation?
To balance the equation, KOH should have a coefficient of 1.
Here, there is 1 potassium (K) atom, 1 phosphorus (P) atom, and 4 oxygen (O) atoms on each side of the equation.
To balance the equation, start by placing coefficient of 3 in front of KOH and coefficient of 1 in front of H₃PO₄ ;
This balances number of potassium and phosphorus atoms, but there are now 9 oxygen atoms on left side and 6 on right side. To balance the oxygen atoms, add coefficient of 3 in front of H2O.
Now the equation is balanced, and coefficients are:
3KOH(aq)+ 1H3PO4 (aq) → 1K3PO4 (aq) +3H2O (l)
Therefore, only A. KOH should have a coefficient of 1.
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