1, students will be able to understand the following learning outcomes:
LO 1.1: State the concept of management functions,
roles, skills of a manager, and the different theories of management.
In order to answer the questions related to the case "Who's to Blame for the College Admissions Scandal?" on page 112 of the textbook "Management:
A Practical Introduction" 10th edition by Angelo Kinicki and Denise B. Soignet, you need to read the case and provide answers to the following questions:
Q1. What is the underlying problem in this case from the perspective of the federal government, the parents, and the prospective college students?
Q2. Why do you think the parents were willing to play such a significant and risky role in their kid's college admissions?
Q3. How do you think the general environment, particularly economic, demographic, international, and sociocultural forces, fed into the admissions scandal?
Q4. Are the children who were aware of the cheating scheme purely victims in this situation, or should they also be considered unethical? Explain your answer using one of the four approaches to deciding ethical dilemmas. (3 Marks)
Q5. Based on what you have learned about Rick Singer, his involvement, and his decision to cooperate in the investigation, where would you place his level of moral development?
Please provide your answers to each of these questions based on your understanding of the case and the concepts discussed in the textbook.
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Should the government help failing banks with bailouts, like they did in 2008/2009, or should the free market be allowed to determine the winners and losers? Use the ethical principles to support your arguments.
Would it change your answer depending on whether the situation is one like the current global pandemic, vs the mismanagement that led to the 2008 collapse
In a capitalist economy, the free market decides who wins and who loses. Bailouts are a significant concern as the public is still struggling financially. Government aid should only be used in exceptional cases where it is impossible to find another solution, such as the current global pandemic
.In the 2008 crisis, the government bailed out several failing banks in an attempt to prevent them from collapsing. In doing so, the government defied free-market principles. While the free market aims to remove ineffective companies and replace them with effective ones, a bailout maintains failing companies alive at the expense of taxpayers.In order to avoid a future bailout, firms must take the initiative to avoid practices that may lead to a need for public funds. They must make sensible and ethical decisions that prioritize the interests of all stakeholders and reduce the risk of corporate collapse.A utilitarian argument may favor a government bailout to protect the economy as a whole, but it raises moral issues by rewarding banks for poor decision-making. A deontological argument opposes government bailouts because they violate free-market principles and the right of taxpayers to keep their own money. In either case, government intervention must be done only in exceptional circumstances.
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Williamson Industries has $4 bilion in sales and $2.838 bilion in fixed assets. Currently, the company's fixed assets are operating at 95% of capacity. a. What level of sales couid Wiliamson industries have obtained if it had been operating at full capacity? Enter your answer in billians of dollars. Round vour answer to five decimal places. billion b. What is Williamson's target fixed assets/sales ratio? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. of c. If Willamson's sales increase 15%, how large of an increase in fixed assets will the company need to meet irs target fixed assets/saies ratio? Enter your answer in billions of doflars. Negative value should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations. Fiound your answer to five decimal places. $ billion
a. Williamson Industries could have obtained $4.2 billion in sales if it had been operating at full capacity.
b. Williamson's target fixed assets/sales ratio is 0.70947.
c. If Williamson's sales increase by 15%, the company will need an increase in fixed assets of $425.78947 million to meet its target fixed assets/sales ratio.
a. Williamson Industries could have obtained $4.2 billion in sales if it had been operating at full capacity.
To calculate this, we can divide the current sales by the current capacity utilization rate:
$4 billion / 0.95 = $4.2105263158 billion (rounded to five decimal places)
b. Williamson's target fixed assets/sales ratio is 0.70947.
To calculate this, we divide the fixed assets by the sales:
$2.838 billion / $4 billion = 0.7095 (rounded to two decimal places)
c. If Williamson's sales increase by 15%, the company will need an increase in fixed assets of $425.78947 million to meet its target fixed assets/sales ratio.
To calculate this, we multiply the increase in sales by the target fixed assets/sales ratio:
15% of $4 billion = $600 million
$600 million * 0.70947 = $425.78947 million (rounded to five decimal places)
Therefore, the company will need an increase in fixed assets of $425.78947 million to maintain its target fixed assets/sales ratio.
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All of the following may trade for their own account on the floor of an options exchange except a? a market maker b competitive option trader c registered option trader d floor broker
A market maker may trade for their own account on the floor of an options exchange.
Market makers are authorized participants who provide liquidity to the market by continuously quoting bid and ask prices for options contracts. They facilitate trading by buying and selling options to maintain an orderly market. In addition to executing customer orders, market makers may also trade for their own account to take advantage of short-term trading opportunities and manage their inventory.
Competitive option traders (COTs), registered option traders (ROTs), and floor brokers can also trade for their own account on the floor of an options exchange. COTs and ROTs are individuals who have met certain qualifications and have been approved by the exchange to trade options.
They may engage in proprietary trading activities alongside executing customer orders. Floor brokers, on the other hand, are intermediaries who execute orders on behalf of their clients. While their primary role is executing customer orders, they are also permitted to trade for their own account.
All of the mentioned individuals, including market makers, competitive option traders, registered option traders, and floor brokers, may trade for their own account on the floor of an options exchange.
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If all nations specialize in their area of comparative advantage and then trade, total world output will?
If all nations specialize in their area of comparative advantage and then trade, total world output will generally increase. This concept is known as "gains from trade" or "economic efficiency through specialization."
Comparative advantage refers to a country's ability to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries. When nations specialize in producing goods or services in which they have a comparative advantage, they can allocate their resources more efficiently and effectively. This leads to increased productivity and output. Through international trade, countries can exchange their specialized goods or services with other nations, taking advantage of each other's strengths and filling in the gaps in their domestic production.
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The McGee Cake Company In early 2016. Doc and Lyn McGee formed the McGee Cake Company. The company produced a full line of cakes, and its specialties included chess cake, lemon pound cake, and double-iced, double chocolate cake. The couple formed the company as an outside interest, and both continued to work at their current jobs. Doc did all the baking. and Lyn handled the marketing and distribution. With good product quality and a sound marketing plan, the company grew rapidly. In early 202I, the company was featured in a widely distributed entrepreneurial magazine. Later that year, the company was featured in Goumet Desserts, a leading specialty food magazine. After the article appeared in Gournet Desserts, sales exploded, and the company began receiving orders from all over the worid. Because of the increased sales. Doc left his other job, followed shortly by Lyn. The company hired additional workers to meet demand. Unfortunately, the fast growth experienced by the company led to cash flow and capacity problems. The company is currently producing as many cakes as possible with the assets it owns, but demand for its cakes is still growing. Further, the company has been approached by a national supermarket chain with a proposal to put four of its cakes in all of the chain's stores, and a national restaurant chain has contacted the company about selling MeGee cakes in its restaurants. The restaurant would sell the cakes without a brand name. Doc and Lyn have operated the company as a sole proprietorship. They have approached you to help manage and direct the company's growth. Specifically, they have asked you to answer the following questions. QUESTIONS 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of changing the company organization from a sole proprietorship to an LLC? 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of changing the company organization from a sole proprietorship to a corporation? 3. Ultimately, what action would you recommend the company undertake? Why?
1. Advantages and disadvantages of changing the company organization from a sole proprietorship to an LLC:
Advantages of an LLC:
- Limited liability: An LLC provides personal liability protection to its owners, separating their personal assets from the company's debts and liabilities.
- Flexibility in taxation: LLCs have flexibility in choosing their tax structure. By default, they are pass-through entities, meaning the profits and losses are passed through to the owners' personal tax returns, avoiding double taxation.
Disadvantages of an LLC:
- Self-employment taxes: LLC owners are typically subject to self-employment taxes on the entire net income of the company.
- Limited growth potential: LLCs may face challenges when raising capital or attracting investors, as the ownership structure and decision-making can be more complex compared to corporations.
2. Advantages and disadvantages of changing the company organization from a sole proprietorship to a corporation:
Advantages of a corporation:
- Limited liability: A corporation provides strong liability protection, shielding the personal assets of its owners (shareholders) from the company's debts and obligations.
- Access to capital: Corporations have more options for raising capital, such as issuing stocks and attracting investors. They can also pursue initial public offerings (IPOs) to access public markets.
Disadvantages of a corporation:
- Double taxation: Corporations are subject to double taxation, meaning the company's profits are taxed at the corporate level, and shareholders are taxed again on dividends received.
- Complex legal requirements: Corporations face more regulatory and compliance burdens, including annual meetings, shareholder reporting, and maintaining proper corporate governance structures.
3. Recommendation for the company's organizational structure:
Based on the information provided, I would recommend that the McGee Cake Company consider changing its organizational structure from a sole proprietorship to an LLC. This would provide the owners with the benefits of limited liability, protecting their personal assets from the company's debts and liabilities. As the company is experiencing rapid growth and attracting interest from larger chains, this protection becomes increasingly important. Additionally, the flexibility in taxation offered by an LLC would allow the owners to choose a tax structure that best suits their needs.
While a corporation could offer advantages such as greater access to capital, the complexity and compliance requirements associated with a corporation may not be suitable for the size and nature of the McGee Cake Company at this stage. The decision to change the organizational structure should be made in consultation with legal and financial professionals who can assess the specific needs and goals of the company.
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Which of the following is a sentence fragment? When you submit your timesheet, remember to sign it. We believe that the new marketing campaign caused an increase in sales. Because the value of the dollar has fallen in recent years.
The sentence fragment in the given options is: "Because the value of the dollar has fallen in recent years." A sentence fragment is a group of words that is punctuated like a sentence but does not express a complete thought or idea.
In this case, the fragment begins with the word "because" which is a subordinating conjunction. While it introduces a dependent clause ("because the value of the dollar has fallen in recent years"), it does not have an independent clause to complete the thought. To make it a complete sentence, it would need an independent clause, such as "Because the value of the dollar has fallen in recent years, the economy has been affected." This addition would provide a subject and a verb, allowing the sentence to express a complete thought.
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Use the following information on General Motors (GM) to estimate its Inventory conversion period. using a 365-day year: Accounts receivable =$34.244bn, Inventories =$10.235bn, Accounts payable =$39.865bn, Sales =$122.485bn, Cost of Goods Sold =$108.813bn 34.33 days 102.05 days 114.87 days 118.80 days 133.72 days
The estimated inventory conversion period for General Motors (GM) is approximately 34.33 days.
To estimate the inventory conversion period for General Motors (GM), we can use the formula:
Inventory Conversion Period = (Average Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) * 365
First, we need to calculate the average inventory, which is the sum of the beginning and ending inventory divided by 2. However, we don't have the information on the beginning inventory, so we'll assume it is equal to the ending inventory.
Given:
Inventories = $10.235 billion
Cost of Goods Sold = $108.813 billion
Average Inventory = (Beginning Inventory + Ending Inventory) / 2
= (10.235 + 10.235) / 2
= $10.235 billion
Now, we can calculate the inventory conversion period:
Inventory Conversion Period = (10.235 / 108.813) * 365
≈ 34.33 days
Therefore, the estimated inventory conversion period for General Motors (GM) is approximately 34.33 days. This indicates that, on average, it takes around 34.33 days for GM to convert its inventory into sales.
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appropriate for the workplace would be a hybrid model, meant to suit the learning needs of many rather than a few. Much like motivation learning is a unique experience for every individual. The textbook defines learning as " a change in behavior acquired through experience," (Nelson & Quick, 2018) and with every individual’s perception different from the next that change can be different for each person as well. Operant conditioning which is described as " the process of modifying behavior by following specific behaviors with positive or negative consequences," (Nelson & Quick, 2018) can be useful in the workplace, however I would argue that combining the thoughts and assumptions from that approach with Albert Bandura’s social learning theory which " asserts that learning occurs when we observe other people and model their behavior," (Nelson & Quick, 2018) would be far more useful. Much like how Alexander Stajkovic, and Fred Luthans drew on " ideas of self-efficacy and social learning to expand their original work into a comprehensive framework for performance management," (Nelson & Quick, 2018) I propose this hybrid model to teach employees self-efficacy to train them to believe that they have the ability to get things done. In training workers to grow, change, and learn self-efficacy, negative consequences would no longer be required to structure learning behavior, positive consequences would support more self-efficient worker behavior much better then negative consequences ever would.
Do you agree with the writer the writer in regards to which learnig approach works best for the workplace?Why or Why not? What other feedback would you give to the writer?
The writer proposes a hybrid model for workplace learning that combines operant conditioning with Albert Bandura's social learning theory.
They argue that this approach, which focuses on self-efficacy and modeling behavior, would be more effective in promoting positive learning experiences and behaviors among employees. While the hybrid model may have its merits, it is important to note that the effectiveness of learning approaches can vary depending on the context and individual differences. What works best for the workplace may differ based on factors such as the nature of tasks, organizational culture, and the specific needs of employees. Therefore, it would be valuable for the writer to acknowledge the potential limitations and contextual factors that could influence the applicability of their proposed hybrid model. Additionally, providing examples or empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of the hybrid model in workplace settings would strengthen their argument.
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Airbus has just learned that Boeing (its main competitor) is developing a prototype jet that is made of a new composite material that is much stronger and lighter that anything currently used in the industry. To Airbus this information is
Question 4 options: a cost-based disadvantage.
competitive intelligence.
counterproductive to its strategy.
a mobility barrier.
To Airbus, this information is competitive intelligence. This means that Airbus has gained knowledge about a strategic development by its competitor, Boeing.
Learning that Boeing is developing a prototype jet using a new composite material that is stronger and lighter than anything currently used in the industry provides Airbus with valuable insight into Boeing's innovation and potential competitive advantage. By understanding this information, Airbus can assess the potential impact on its own strategy, products, and market positioning. It allows Airbus to stay informed about the advancements made by its competitor and make informed decisions regarding its own product development and business strategies.
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1. Use the following information to journalize and post adjusting entries for the month: 1. One month's insurance coverage has expired for $106. 2. At the end of the month, $600 of office supplies are still available: 3. This month's depreciation on the office equipment is $500. 4. Employees earned $420 of unpaid and unrecorded salaries as of month-end. 5. One month's rent has expired for $750. 2. Prepare the adjusted trial batance as of April 30. Prepare the income statement and the statement of owner's equity for the month of April and the balance sheet at April 30, 2019. 3. Prepare journal entries to close the temporary accounts and post these entries to the ledger. 4. Prepare a post-closing trial balance.
Adjusting Entries:
DateParticularsRefDebitCreditApril 30Insurance Expense106.00Prepaid Insurance106.00April 30Office Supplies Expense?600.00Office Supplies600.00April 30Depreciation Expense500.00Accumulated Depreciation-Office Equipment500.00April 30Salaries Expense420.00Salaries Payable420.00April 30Rent Expense750.00Prepaid Rent750.00
Adjusting Entries is an accounting procedure that is performed at the end of an accounting cycle to adjust financial statement figures for accuracy. Adjusting journal entries are made for accruals, deferrals, and estimates to ensure that the financial statements are accurate and complete.The adjusted trial balance is the statement that shows the accounts with updated balances after all adjusting entries have been made. This statement includes both permanent and temporary accounts.The Income Statement is a financial statement that reveals how much revenue a company earned over a specific period, as well as the expenses incurred to produce that income. It also displays the net profit or loss that occurred as a result of the operations during the period.The Statement of Owners' Equity (SOE) is a financial statement that shows changes in the capital account during the accounting cycle, including any distributions to shareholders and net income.The Balance Sheet is a financial statement that displays a company's financial position at a specific moment in time. This statement shows a company's assets, liabilities, and equity accounts.The Closing Entries procedure is used to reset the temporary accounts to zero balances and move the current year's net income or loss to the Retained Earnings account. By doing so, the books are prepared for the next accounting period.The Post-closing trial balance is a statement that contains all of the balances of permanent accounts after the closing entries are made.
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The step in the rational decision-making model that involves putting a decision into practice is which of the following? evaluate alternatives identify the problem make the decision develop action plans
The step in the rational decision-making model that involves putting a decision into practice is "develop action plans."
Developing action plans is the stage where the chosen decision is translated into specific actions or steps needed to implement the decision. This stage focuses on creating a detailed plan, allocating resources, assigning responsibilities, and establishing timelines for executing the decision. It involves converting the decision into actionable tasks and setting the framework for implementation. By developing action plans, individuals or organizations can effectively manage their choices and work towards achieving their goals.
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You are trying to plan for retirement in 8 years, and currently you have $110,000 in a savings account and $330,000 in stocks In addition, you plan on adding to your savings by depositing $11,000 per year in your savings account at the end of each of the next 4 years and then $22,000 per year at the end of each year for the final 4 . yoars untis retirement a. Assuming your savings account returns 5 percent compounded annualy, and your investment in stocks will return 10 percent compounded annualy, how much will you have at the end of 8 yoare? (lignore taxes?) b. If you expect to live for 15 years after you retire, and at retirement you deposit all of your savings in a bank account paying 8 percent, how much can you withdraw each year atter retirement (15 equal withdrawals beginning 1 year after you rotire) to end up with a zoto balance upon your death? a. H your savings account returns 5 percent compounded annwally. how much will you have at the end of 8 years in your savings account? (ignore tares.) (Round to the nearest cent)
a. The Future Value of savings account is $330,000. b. You can withdraw approximately $100,974.61 each year after retirement for 15 years to end up with a zero balance upon your death. c. You will have approximately $158,045.92 in your savings account at the end of 8 years.
a. To calculate the total amount you will have at the end of 8 years, we'll calculate the future value of each investment and sum them up.
1. Savings Account:
The initial amount is $110,000, and you will be making annual deposits of $11,000 for the first 4 years, and then $22,000 for the next 4 years.
Future Value of savings account = $110,000 + ($11,000 x 4) + ($22,000 x 4)
Future Value of savings account = $330,000
2. Stocks Investment:
The initial amount is $330,000, and we'll assume a 10% annual return.
Future Value of stocks investment = $330,000 x (1 + 10%)^8 = $687,210.09
Total future value = Future Value of savings account + Future Value of stocks investment
Total future value = $330,000 + $687,210.09 = $1,017,210.09
Therefore, you will have approximately $1,017,210.09 at the end of 8 years.
b. To calculate the annual withdrawals after retirement, we'll use the annuity formula and the desired zero balance upon your death.
1. Annuity Formula:
Using the annuity formula, we can calculate the equal annual withdrawals to end up with a zero balance after 15 years.
Future Value = $0 (desired zero balance)
Rate of return = 8% (bank account interest rate)
Number of periods = 15 years
By solving for Payments (annual withdrawals) in the annuity formula, we can find the amount you can withdraw each year.
Payments = $1,017,210.09 / [(1 + 8%)^15 - 1] ≈ $100,974.61
Therefore, you can withdraw approximately $100,974.61 each year after retirement for 15 years to end up with a zero balance upon your death.
c. To calculate the future value of your savings account at the end of 8 years, we'll use the compound interest formula.
Principal = $110,000
Rate = 5%
Time = 8 years
Future Value = Principal x (1 + Rate)^Time
Future Value = $110,000 x (1 + 5%)^8 ≈ $158,045.92
Therefore, you will have approximately $158,045.92 in your savings account at the end of 8 years.
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The present value for payments of 900 at time n and 800 at time 2n is 1090.848665. Ihe accumulated value at the end of 3n years for payments of 1000 at time 0,300 at time n and 500 at time 2n is 3771.485494. Ihe annual effective interest rate is i. Find i and n.
The annual effective interest rate (i) is 0.2735 (or 27.35%). Thus, the values for i and n are i = 0.2735 (or 27.35%) and n = 3.
To find the annual effective interest rate (i) and the number of periods (n), we can use the present value and accumulated value formulas.
Finding the interest rate (i):
Present Value formula: PV = P * (1+i)^(-n)
Given: PV = 1090.848665, P = 900, n = 1 (since payment occurs at time n)
1090.848665 = 900 * (1+i)^(-1)
Divide both sides by 900:
1.212054073 = (1+i)^(-1)
Taking the reciprocal of both sides:
(1+i) = 1 / 1.212054073
1+i = 0.8248
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
i = 0.8248 - 1
i = -0.1752
Therefore, the annual effective interest rate (i) is -0.1752 (or -17.52%).
Finding the number of periods (n):
Accumulated Value formula: AV = P * (1+i)^n
Given: AV = 3771.485494, P = 1000 + 300 + 500 = 1800, n = 3 (since payment occurs at time 0, n, and 2n)
3771.485494 = 1800 * (1 + i)^3
Divide both sides by 1800:
2.095269163 = (1+i)^3
Taking the cube root of both sides:
1+i = 1.2735
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
i = 1.2735 - 1
i = 0.2735
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__________ is used to enable or disable startup services, set boot options such as booting into safe mode, access tools like action center and event viewer, and more
The missing term is "System Configuration Utility" or "msconfig" (the common name for the utility) which is used to perform the mentioned tasks.
It is a built-in Windows utility that allows users to manage various system settings and configurations. With System Configuration, you can enable or disable startup services and programs, control the boot options such as booting into safe mode or diagnostic mode, access system tools like the Action Center and Event Viewer, configure system services, and modify other startup-related settings. It provides a centralized interface for users to customize their system's startup behavior, troubleshoot issues, and optimize performance by controlling which programs and services run at startup.
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Managing customer expectations involves understanding: consumer expectations, management perception, service quality standards, service delivery, external communications, and the gap between the variables. Find a company that either did an excellent job of managing and delivering customer expectations or failed at it. Discuss what they did to achieve positive or negative outcomes with their customers.
Managing customer expectations is crucial for businesses to maintain customer satisfaction. One company that excelled in this aspect is Amazon. They ensured a positive outcome by delivering products on time, providing accurate product descriptions, and offering a hassle-free return policy. Additionally, their excellent customer service and proactive communication helped in managing customer expectations effectively.
On the other hand, a company that failed in managing customer expectations is United Airlines. They faced negative outcomes due to poor service delivery, frequent flight delays, and mishandling of customer complaints. This resulted in customers experiencing frustration, dissatisfaction, and a decline in trust towards the company.
In conclusion, managing customer expectations involves understanding various factors such as consumer expectations, service quality standards, and effective communication. Successful companies like Amazon prioritize timely delivery, accurate information, and superior customer service, while failing companies like United Airlines struggle with poor service delivery and ineffective handling of customer complaints.
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a large retail company hires several new joiners and would like to incorporate virtual reality (vr) into their onboarding process. which approach would best utilize vr for this purpose?
The best approach to incorporate virtual reality (VR) into the onboarding process for a large retail company is to develop immersive training simulations that mimic real-life scenarios and provide interactive learning experiences.
Virtual reality (VR) can revolutionize the onboarding process by offering a dynamic and engaging training environment for new joiners. Rather than relying solely on traditional methods like manuals or presentations, VR can provide a more immersive and hands-on experience, enabling employees to learn in a simulated but realistic setting.
By developing immersive training simulations, new employees can virtually navigate through the retail company's stores, interact with virtual customers, and practice various tasks and scenarios they will encounter in their roles. These simulations can replicate real-life situations, such as handling customer inquiries, dealing with product placements, or managing inventory, allowing employees to gain practical experience and build confidence before engaging with customers directly.
Moreover, VR training can be interactive, enabling employees to receive real-time feedback, guidance, and assessments. This approach promotes active learning and helps identify areas for improvement, enhancing the overall onboarding experience. Through VR, new joiners can practice their skills, make mistakes, and learn from them in a safe and controlled virtual environment.
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Joseph recently parked his delivery truck on the property of a business located next to his. Joseph has done this in the past many times. However, today the owner of the adjoining business becomes very angry with Joseph. Is Joseph guilty of trespass? What defenses might he raise? How would the other business owner prove damages?
Yes, Joseph is guilty of trespass. Joseph can raise two defenses: firstly, that he had the right to enter the other business owner’s property since there had been a long-standing understanding and practice between them.
Secondly, he may claim that he was unaware of the situation as it was something that he has been doing in the past. However, the other business owner can prove damages by arguing that Joseph's parking interfered with their legitimate use of the property and caused them harm in terms of their business and property interests. In order to establish damages, the business owner will have to prove how Joseph's parking on their property negatively impacted their business operations.
Overall, it is important to understand that ignorance of the law is no excuse, and regardless of whether or not Joseph has done this in the past, it does not make it right, especially if it is not agreed upon by the owner of the property.
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How might some of the critiques of the Scientific method be understood in the context of businesses?
The scientific method is a methodology that is widely employed by scientists in conducting research, analyzing and interpreting data, and testing hypotheses. It is essential in science to ensure that the evidence presented is reliable, valid, and reproducible. However, the scientific method has been criticized for its limitations and flaws that make it difficult for businesses to employ it.
The scientific method is criticized for not being able to take into account the complexity of real-world situations. The world is more complex than scientific experiments or models. Some scientific methods only provide a simplified representation of the actual problem, which can lead to misguided conclusions. Business operations have a variety of variables that cannot be entirely controlled by business owners. Therefore, it becomes difficult to employ the scientific method to such situations.
The scientific method is criticized for being too time-consuming and expensive. Applying the scientific method to business research, development, or improvement is expensive and takes a long time. Some scientific experiments may take years to complete, which may not be practical for businesses that need quick solutions or decisions.
The scientific method is criticized for being too rigid. The scientific method is known to be rigid and structured, making it hard to allow for flexibility. Business operations are dynamic and frequently change, which necessitates adaptable and innovative approaches to problem-solving. The scientific method may not be flexible enough to accommodate such changes.
Conclusion: The critiques of the scientific method in the context of businesses can be understood as making it difficult to employ the scientific method because of its limitations and flaws. However, businesses can still benefit from scientific approaches to problem-solving by taking into account their limitations and employing alternative approaches when necessary.
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As of 2015, the fda and iec deemed it mandatory to provide hearing protection in the form of ear plugs or noise canceling headphones if noise levels surpass ___ dba.
Since 2015, the FDA and IEC have required hearing protection if noise levels exceed 85 dBa.
Since 2015, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) have mandated the provision of hearing protection equipment, such as earplugs or noise-cancelling headphones. noise, when the noise level exceeds 85 decibels (dBa).
This threshold is established to protect individuals from potential hearing damage caused by prolonged exposure to high-intensity noise. Compliance with these regulations is necessary to protect workers in industries with high noise levels and to promote occupational health and safety.
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Reception In Public's Evaluation In 2020, The World Is Experiencing The Worst Health Crisis Since 1918, Caused By A New
Reception In Public's Evaluation In 2020: The public's evaluation in 2020 can be summed up in three lines: mixed reviews, increased scrutiny, and growing demands for accountability.
In 2020, the world experienced the worst health crisis since 1918, caused by a new virus. This pandemic brought significant challenges and uncertainties, leading to varied public reactions. The evaluation of governments, healthcare systems, and other institutions was mixed. Some praised their response efforts, while others criticized their handling of the crisis. The public has become more vocal, demanding transparency, accurate information, and effective measures to protect public health. Governments and institutions have faced increased scrutiny and the need to adapt their policies accordingly.
In 2020, the world faced an unprecedented health crisis due to the emergence of a new virus. The reception of the public's evaluation during this year can be summarized in three lines. Firstly, the evaluation was mixed, with diverse opinions about the effectiveness of governments' response efforts. Some praised the measures taken to control the spread of the virus, such as lockdowns, testing, and contact tracing. Others criticized the perceived lack of preparation and slow response. Secondly, the evaluation brought increased scrutiny of governments, healthcare systems, and other institutions. People demanded transparency, accurate information, and accountability from their leaders.
They closely monitored decision-making processes and scrutinized the allocation of resources. Lastly, the evaluation was accompanied by growing demands for accountability. As the health crisis continued to affect societies, people called for more effective measures to protect public health and mitigate the socio-economic impacts of the pandemic. The public's evaluation in 2020 highlighted the importance of proactive, transparent, and evidence-based decision-making, as well as the need for strong public health infrastructure and effective communication strategies.
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Down Under Boomerang, Inc., is considering a new 3-year expansion project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $2.3 million. The fixed asset will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its 3-year tax life, after which it will be worthless. The project is estimated to generate $1,720,000 in annual sales, with costs of $630,000. The tax rate is 22 percent and the required return is 11 percent. What is the project’s NPV?
The project's NPV is $73,613.To calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project, we need to determine the cash flows and discount them to their present value. Here's the breakdown of the cash flows:
Year 0:
Initial fixed asset investment: -$2,300,000
Years 1-3:
Sales revenue: $1,720,000
Costs: -$630,000
Depreciation: -$766,667 ($2,300,000 divided by 3)
Taxable income: $323,333 (sales revenue - costs - depreciation)
Taxes (22%): -$71,333 (taxable income multiplied by tax rate)
Net operating cash flow: $971,333 (sales revenue - costs - taxes + depreciation)
Now, let's calculate the present value of each year's cash flow. We'll discount the cash flows using the required return of 11%:
Year 0: -$2,300,000 (no discounting needed)
Year 1: $971,333 / (1 + 0.11)^1 = $874,943
Year 2: $971,333 / (1 + 0.11)^2 = $787,961
Year 3: $971,333 / (1 + 0.11)^3 = $710,709
Finally, we sum up the present values of the cash flows and subtract the initial investment to find the NPV:
NPV = -$2,300,000 + $874,943 + $787,961 + $710,709 = $73,613
Therefore, the project's NPV is $73,613. Since the NPV is positive, the project is expected to generate a return higher than the required return of 11%. This indicates that the project is financially favorable and may be considered for investment.
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Evaluation of Employee relations behaviours in American tOWER Corporation
The evaluation of employee relations behaviors in American Tower Corporation indicates positive employee engagement and communication practices, fostering a collaborative and productive work environment.
Employee relations play a crucial role in shaping the organizational culture and overall employee experience. In the case of American Tower Corporation, a comprehensive evaluation of employee relations behaviors reveals a positive outlook. The company demonstrates a strong commitment to employee engagement by fostering a culture of open communication and transparency. This enables employees to actively participate in decision-making processes and voice their concerns or ideas.
American Tower Corporation also emphasizes the importance of effective communication channels, ensuring that employees are well-informed about company policies, goals, and changes. Regular feedback mechanisms, such as performance evaluations and employee surveys, provide avenues for employees to express their opinions and contribute to continuous improvement.
Furthermore, the organization promotes a collaborative work environment, encouraging teamwork, cross-functional collaboration, and knowledge sharing. This approach fosters a sense of unity among employees and enhances overall productivity and innovation.
By prioritizing employee engagement, communication, and collaboration, American Tower Corporation demonstrates a commitment to creating a positive employee experience and nurturing a high-performance culture.
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Recall the videos discussion around Nike's Kaepernick ad. Which of the followings is NOT true?
Group of answer choices
For decades, Nike has embraced possibly controversial topics in its promotion campaigns.
Kaepernick was a controversial figure when the ad aired.
Embracing controversial topics in its promotion campaigns has generally paid off for Nike.
Consumers across different generations reacted differently to Kaepernick ad.
Nike was probably super surprised that certain segments of consumers did not respond favorably to Kaepernick.
Based on the given options, the statement that is NOT true is: "Nike was probably super surprised that certain segments of consumers did not respond favorably to Kaepernick."
This statement is not supported by the videos discussion around Nike's Kaepernick ad. The discussion highlighted that Nike has a history of embracing controversial topics in its promotion campaigns, indicating that they were likely aware of the potential for varying consumer reactions.
Additionally, the discussion did not mention Nike being "super surprised" by any specific segment of consumers' negative response to the ad. This statement does not align with the information provided in the video discussion.
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You run a construction firm. You have just won a contract to build a government office building. It will take one year to construct it requiring an investment of $10.63 million today and $5.00 million in one year. The government will pay you $25.50 million upon the building's completion. Suppose the cash flows and their times of payment are certain, and the risk-free interest rate is 8%. a. What is the NPV of this opportunity? b. How can your firm turn this NPV into cash today?
It is important to consider the cost of borrowing and ensure that the financing terms are favorable for your firm.
To calculate the Net Present Value (N P V) of this opportunity, we need to discount the cash flows at the risk-free interest rate of 8%.
The initial investment of 10.63 million today can be considered as an outflow, and the 5.00 million investment in one year will also be discounted back to present value.
The cash inflow of 25.50 million upon completion of the building will be received in one year.
To turn the N P V into cash today, your firm can seek financing options such as loans or lines of credit. By using these options, your firm can receive the cash equivalent of the N P V upfront, allowing you to cover the initial investment and start the construction process. However,To know more about opportunity visit:
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. Equipment with a book value of $80,500 and an original cost of $165,000 was sold at a loss of $36,000. b. Paid $103,000 cash for a new truck. c. Sold land costing $315,000 for $430,000 cash, yielding a gain of $115,000. d. Stock investments were sold for $93,500 cash, yielding a gain of $15,500. Use the above information to determine cash flows from investing activities. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)
The cash flows from investing activities are as follows: Cash outflow of $80,500 from the sale of equipment at a loss of $36,000. Cash outflow of $103,000 for the purchase of a new truck. Cash inflow of $430,000 from the sale of land, yielding a gain of $115,000. Cash inflow of $93,500 from the sale of stock investments, yielding a gain of $15,500. Hence, the cash flows from investing activities amount to $340,000.
To determine the cash flows from investing activities, we need to identify the relevant investment-related transactions and calculate the associated cash flows. Selling equipment with a book value of $80,500 at a loss of $36,000 results in a cash outflow of $80,500. The loss indicates that the amount received from the sale is less than the equipment's book value. Paying $103,000 cash for a new truck represents a cash outflow from investing activities, as the company used cash to acquire a new asset.
Selling land costing $315,000 for $430,000 cash indicates a cash inflow of $430,000. The gain on the sale of land is $115,000, which indicates that the amount received from the sale is greater than the land's cost. Selling stock investments for $93,500 cash yields a cash inflow of $93,500. The gain on the sale of stock investments is $15,500, indicating that the amount received is higher than the original investment. By summing up the cash inflows and deducting the cash outflows, we can determine the net cash flow from investing activities.
Therefore, the cash flows from investing activities, based on the given information, are as follows:
Cash inflows: $430,000 + $93,500 = $523,500
Cash outflows: $80,500 + $103,000 = $183,500
The net cash flow from investing activities would be the difference between the cash inflows and outflows, which is $523,500 - $183,500 = $340,000. Hence, the cash flows from investing activities amount to $340,000.
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Today is professor Wang's birthday, and she is planning to save $35,000 per year for retirement, with the first deposit to be made today followed by another deposit on each of the next 4 birthdays. She plans to retire after this (so her first year of not working will be 5 years from now). The expected return on her investment is 10%. She plans to take out the same amount of money each year from the portfolio for her living expenses starting the year after her retirement (5 years from now will be the first year of receiving this fixed payment from her retirement portfolio) and each birthday afterwards. She expect that she will live for 30 years after the retirement. How much money will she be able to receive each year throughout her retirement based on these assumptions?
Professor Wang will be able to receive approximately $28,708.66 each year throughout her retirement based on the given assumptions.
To calculate the amount Professor Wang will be able to receive each year throughout her retirement, we can use the concept of present value and annuities.
Given:
- Annual deposit: $35,000
- Expected return on investment: 10%
- Retirement period: 30 years
- First deposit made today, followed by deposits on the next 4 birthdays
To calculate the future value of the deposits made before retirement, we can use the future value of an ordinary annuity formula:
FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r
Where:
FV = Future value
P = Annual deposit
r = Expected return rate
n = Number of deposits
FV = $35,000 * [(1 + 0.10)^5 - 1] / 0.10
FV = $35,000 * (1.10^5 - 1) / 0.10
FV = $35,000 * (1.61051 - 1) / 0.10
FV = $35,000 * 0.61051 / 0.10
FV = $213,785.50
So, the future value of the deposits made before retirement is $213,785.50.
Now, we need to calculate the annual payment Professor Wang can receive during her retirement. We can use the present value of an ordinary annuity formula:
PV = A * [(1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r]
Where:
PV = Present value (amount Professor Wang can receive each year)
A = Annual payment
r = Expected return rate
n = Number of years of retirement
PV = A * [(1 - (1 + 0.10)^-30) / 0.10]
PV = A * [(1 - 1.74494) / 0.10]
PV = A * (-0.74494 / 0.10)
PV = A * (-7.4494)
Since PV is the amount Professor Wang can receive each year and it will be negative (as it represents an outgoing payment), we'll multiply it by -1 to get a positive value:
PV * -1 = A * (-7.4494) * -1
PV = A * 7.4494
Now, we'll substitute the future value calculated earlier into the equation:
$213,785.50 = A * 7.4494
Dividing both sides by 7.4494:
A = $213,785.50 / 7.4494
A ≈ $28,708.66
Therefore, Professor Wang will be able to receive approximately $28,708.66 each year throughout her retirement based on the given assumptions.
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On May 5, 2021, Javier Sanchez purchased and placed in service a new 7-year class asset costing $460,400 for use in his landscaping business, which he operates as a single member LLC (Sanchez Landscaping LLC).
Rather than using bonus depreciation, Javier would like to use § 179 to expense $200,000 of this asset and then use regular MACRS to cost recover the remaining cost. During 2021, his business generated a net income of $552,480 before any § 179 immediate expense election.
If required round your intermediate computations and final answers to the nearest dollar. Click here to access the depreciation table to use for this problem.
a. Determine the cost recovery deductions (including first-year additional depreciation) that Javier Sanchez can claim with respect to this asset in 2021 and 2022.
Javier can claim a $200,000 cost recovery deduction under § 179 and $37,187 under normal MACRS in 2021. Regular MACRS allows a $54,590 cost recovery deduction in 2022.
In 2021, Javier Sanchez can claim a cost recovery deduction of $200,000 under § 179. This is because he elected to expense $200,000 of the asset's cost using § 179.
For the remaining cost of the asset ($460,400 - $200,000 = $260,400), Javier can use regular MACRS to recover the cost over the asset's recovery period. Since the asset is a 7-year class asset, the applicable MACRS recovery period is 7 years. To determine the cost recovery deduction for 2021 using MACRS, you can consult the depreciation table provided. Looking at the table for 7-year property and assuming the asset was placed in service in May, the percentage for the first year is 14.29%.
Applying this percentage to the remaining cost ($260,400), the cost recovery deduction for 2021 is approximately $37,187 (14.29% of $260,400). In 2022, Javier can continue to use regular MACRS to recover the remaining cost of the asset. Looking at the depreciation table for 7-year property, the percentage for the second year is 24.49%. Applying this percentage to the remaining cost after the first year deduction ($260,400 - $37,187 = $223,213), the cost recovery deduction for 2022 is approximately $54,590 (24.49% of $223,213).
Therefore, in 2021, Javier can claim a cost recovery deduction of $200,000 under § 179 and approximately $37,187 using regular MACRS. In 2022, he can claim a cost recovery deduction of approximately $54,590 using regular MACRS.
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How are the Baldrige criteria and ISO quality management principles related? - Does a company winning the Baldrige award influence you as a customer? Employee? Why or why not? - How is Six Sigma different from the other quality frameworks? - What is the primary roadblock to company's using six sigma (or another framework) to guide process improvement
The primary roadblock to companies using Six Sigma, or any other framework, for process improvement is often resistance to change. Implementing Six Sigma requires a cultural shift and a commitment to continuous improvement.
The Baldrige criteria and ISO quality management principles are related as they both provide frameworks for organizations to improve their performance and achieve quality excellence.
The Baldrige criteria are a set of guidelines developed by the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program in the United States.
ISO quality management principles, on the other hand, are a set of fundamental concepts that guide organizations in achieving quality management. The ISO 9000 series of standards provides specific guidelines for implementing quality management systems.
Winning the Baldrige award can influence customers and employees. As a customer, the award signifies that the company has achieved high levels of performance and quality. This may create a perception of trust and reliability, making customers more likely to choose that company over competitors.
Six Sigma is a quality framework that focuses on reducing defects and improving processes. It differs from other quality frameworks in its systematic approach and emphasis on statistical analysis. Six Sigma aims to achieve near-perfect quality by reducing process variation and improving customer satisfaction.
The primary roadblock to companies using Six Sigma, or any other framework, for process improvement is often resistance to change. Implementing Six Sigma requires a cultural shift and a commitment to continuous improvement.
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Discussion board question:
Marketing Yourself This year, more than 3.8 million students in the U.S. will graduate from college. Thanks to COVID-19, these young men and women will enter the most unstable economic environment since the Great Recession. So, what can they do to improve their chances of landing a job? Students, especially non-marketing majors, often wonder about how applicable marketing is to their future. This week's threaded discussion is an attempt to grab your attention by applying the strategic marketing process and marketing mix, from Chapter 2, to your immediate concerns about looking for a job. Ask yourself about the type of jobs you hope to land after graduation and how you intend to find these jobs. COVID-19 will go away, hopefully, soon. People should plan for the future of economic engagements, jobs in particular. 1. The first starting point in marketing yourself is a situation analysis which involves taking stock of what you have done regarding your career search, where you are now, and where you are headed in terms of your existing plans and the external factors and trends affecting your employment prospects. A SWOT analysis should be used to appraise your personal strengths and weaknesses as well as your opportunities for and threats (or barriers) to successful employment in the field or industry you have in mind. a. Do an internal analysis by asking yourself what some of your strengths and weaknesses are in terms of the courses taken and grades received, work experience, extra-curricular activities involvement, honors received, etc b. Do an external analysis by asking yourself which industries or types of jobs are growing or in demand that may offer opportunities. Further, ask yourself what advantages or "points of difference" you have relative to other "competitors" seeking the same job opportunities, such as taking this marketing course, the reputation of EMU's business school, etc. c. Finally, ask yourself what other external forces can impact your job search, for example a downturn in the economy, the need to be computer literate, etc. This type of focused approach helps to define potential market segments that can be targeted. 2. The next question is about your marketing mix. Ask yourself: What type of "product" do you have to offer? What sort of "pricing" is appropriate? What "promotion" should be utilized? What type of "place" or channel should be used? These include intermediaries such as on-campus career services, networking, and employment agencies. Remember, strategic marketing process can be applied to products, services, and ideas, even to marketing yourself!
By applying these marketing principles to your job search, you can define potential market segments and target them effectively. Remember, the strategic marketing process can be applied to marketing yourself as well as products, services, and ideas.
1. Start with a situation analysis: Assess your current career search status and identify the external factors and trends affecting your employment prospects. Conduct a SWOT analysis to evaluate your personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
- Internal analysis: Consider your courses, grades, work experience, extra-curricular activities, and honors received.
- External analysis: Identify growing industries or in-demand jobs that offer opportunities. Determine your advantages or unique qualities compared to other job seekers.
- Consider external forces that can impact your job search, like the economy or the need for specific skills.
2. Determine your marketing mix: Apply the 4 Ps of marketing to yourself as a "product" in the job market.
- Product: Define what you have to offer, such as your skills, education, experience, and personal qualities.
- Pricing: Determine what is appropriate in terms of salary expectations and benefits.
- Promotion: Decide on the strategies to promote yourself, such as networking, online presence, resumes, and cover letters.
- Place: Identify the channels or intermediaries to use, such as on-campus career services, employment agencies, and networking events.
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Sole proprietorship means single-person ownership and offers the advantages of simplicity of decision making and low organizational and operating costs.
a. true
b. false
While sole proprietorship does refer to single-person ownership, it is not accurate to say that it offers the advantages of simplicity of decision-making and low organizational and operating costs. Hence the statement is false.
In a sole proprietorship, the owner has complete control over decision-making, which can be seen as a potential advantage. However, this can also be a disadvantage as the sole proprietor carries all the risks and liabilities associated with the business. They are solely responsible for any debts or legal issues that may arise.
In terms of organizational costs, sole proprietorships may have lower initial setup costs compared to other business structures, such as corporations. However, they still have ongoing operational costs such as rent, utilities, inventory, and marketing expenses. Additionally, sole proprietors often have limited access to capital, which can impact the growth and expansion of the business.
Therefore, while sole proprietorship offers the advantage of single-person ownership, it does not necessarily guarantee simplicity of decision making and low organizational and operating costs.
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