To determine how the truck would be reported on December 31, 2020, balance sheet using the straight-line depreciation method, we need to consider the following:
Balance Sheet:
Date: December 31, 2020Assets:Truck (Less: Accumulated Depreciation) $xxxAccumulated Depreciation (xxx)Total Assets $xxx
Liabilities:None reportedEquity:
None reportedThe truck will be reported as an asset on the balance sheet at its original cost.The accumulated depreciation for the truck will be reported as a deduction from its cost to show the portion of its value that has been depreciated over time.The net value of the truck (cost - accumulated depreciation) will be shown as the total asset value.Please note that specific dollar amounts should be provided to complete the balance sheet accurately.
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A corporation reported cash of $27,200, total assets of $462,000, and current liabilities of $158,330 on its balance sheet. Its common-size percent for cash equals: Multiple Choice 16.99%. 1699.00% 5.89% 100.00% 5.89%. 100.00% 58.90%.
Option C is the correct answer. The corporation's common-size percentage for cash equals 5.89%.
Given, The corporation reported cash = $27,200Total assets = $462,000Current liabilities = $158,330To calculate the common-size percentage for cash, divide cash by total assets and then multiply by 100.$$Common\ size\ percent\ of\ cash=\frac{Cash}{Total\ assets}\times 100$$Substitute the given values into the above formula.$$Common\ size\ percent\ of\ cash=\frac{27,200}{462,000}\times 100$$Simplify the expression.$$Common\ size\ percent\ of\ cash=0.0589\times 100$$The common-size percentage for cash equals 5.89%. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
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The 3.75% 21 November 2027 Australian Treasury Bond was trading at a yield of 3% per year compounded semi-annually on 21 May 2020. If you are able to purchase $5,000 face value at this yield, what will be your purchasing price on 21 May 2020? NOTE: this Australian Treasury Bond pays coupons semi-annually. O $5248.55 O $5235.19 $5264,96 O $6491.28 $5250.19 Question 4 1 pt Jennifer purchased a share of ABC one year ago at a price of $9.50. The company just paid 80 cents dividend per share and the nex year's dividend will be paid in one year. The discount rate of ABC's shares is 13% per year and dividend growth rate is 4% per year. What price should the share be sold at if ABC's annual dividends will remain constant perpetually? O $6.38 O $11.40 $9.92 0 O $9.24 O $10.00
The purchasing price of the 3.75% 21 November 2027 Australian Treasury Bond on 21 May 2020, with a yield of 3% per year compounded semi-annually, would be approximately $5,248.55.
To calculate the purchasing price of the bond, we need to consider the present value of the bond's future cash flows. The bond pays coupons semi-annually, so there will be 14 coupon payments until maturity (21 November 2027). The yield of 3% per year compounded semi-annually indicates the discount rate to be used in the calculation.
The formula to calculate the present value of the bond is as follows:
PV = (C / [tex](1 + r)^{n}[/tex]) + (C / [tex](1 + r)^{(n+1)}[/tex]) + ... + (C + FV) / [tex](1 + r)^{(n+m)}[/tex]
Where:
PV = Present value
C = Coupon payment
r = Yield per period
n = Number of periods until the next coupon payment
m = Number of periods until maturity
FV = Face value
In this case, the face value is $5,000, and the yield is 3% per year compounded semi-annually. The coupon payment is 3.75% of the face value, which is $187.50 per year or $93.75 per semi-annual period. The number of periods until the next coupon payment is 1 (as it is the first coupon payment) and the number of periods until maturity is 14.
Calculating the present value of the bond using the formula, we find:
PV = (93.75 /[tex](1 + 0.03/2)^{1}[/tex]) + (93.75 / [tex](1 + 0.03/2)^{2}[/tex]) + ... + (93.75 + 5,000) / [tex](1 + 0.03/2)^{14}[/tex]
Using this calculation, the purchasing price of the bond on 21 May 2020 is approximately $5,248.55, which is closest to option O $5,248.55.
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In the post-pandemic, the unemployment rate is still HIGH. Explain why this could happen.
The high post-pandemic unemployment rate could be due to long-term changes in the business landscape, including accelerated automation and digitization, and the permanent closure of many businesses.
It might also be influenced by shifts in global supply chains and changes in worker skills demands. The COVID-19 pandemic expedited a shift towards automation and digital solutions, leaving many previously relevant skills obsolete. Many businesses, especially small ones, permanently closed due to economic hardship, reducing job availability. Meanwhile, changes in supply chains and labor market demands may have further displaced workers. As a result, despite the pandemic's end, unemployment remains high as economies adapt to a transformed marketplace.
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Oscar Mayer Bologna recently announced a new product - the Oscar Mayer Bologna Hydrogel Sheet Face Mask. Oscar Mayer's new product in the skin-care category would be best described as: Co-Branding Brand Re-Positioning Family Branding Brand Stretching
Oscar Mayer's new product in the skin-care category would be best described as brand stretching.
Brand Stretching is a process in which a company leverages its brand name to introduce new products in the market. A company with a strong brand name that is well-established in the market may be able to capitalize on this brand name recognition to launch products that may be quite different from its traditional products. By associating its brand name with new product categories, a company can reduce the amount of money that it would have to spend on advertising and promotions to gain market recognition for the new products.Oscar Mayer is a well-known meat company that has launched a new product in the skin-care category: the Oscar Mayer Bologna Hydrogel Sheet Face Mask. Therefore, it can be concluded that this product would be best described as brand stretching.
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Come-Clean Corporation produces a variety of cleaning compounds and solutions for both industrial and household use. While most of its products are processed independently, a few are related, such as the company's Grit 337 and its Sparkle silver polish. Grit 337 is a coarse cleaning powder with many industrial uses. It costs $1.60 a pound to make, and it has a selling price of $2.60 a pound. A small portion of the annual production of Grit 337 is retained in the factory for further processing. It is combined with several other ingredients to form a paste that is marketed as Sparkle silver polish. The silver polish sells for $4.00 per jar. This further processing requires one-fourth pound of Grit 337 per jar of silver polish. The additional direct variable costs involved in the processing of a jar of silver polish are: Overhead costs associated with processing the silver polish are: The production supervisor has no duties other than to oversee production of the silver polish. The mixing equipment is specialpurpose equipment acquired specifically to produce the silver polish. It can produce up to 4,500 jars of polish per month. Its resale value is negligible and it does not wear out through use. Advertising costs for the silver polish total $3,800 per month. Variable selling costs associated with the silver polish are 5% of sales. Due to a recent decline in the demand for silver polish, the company is wondering whether its continued production is advisable. The sales manager feels that it would be more profitable to sell all of the Grit 337 as a cleaning powder. Required: 1. How much incremental revenue does the company earn per jar of polish by further processing Grit 337 rather than selling it as a cleaning powder? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 2. How much incremental contribution margin does the company earn per jar of polish by further processing Grit 337 rather than selling it as a cleaning powder? (Round your intermediate calculations and final answer to 2 decimal places.) 3. How many jars of silver polish must be sold each month to exactly offset the avoidable fixed costs incurred to produce and sell the polish? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) 4. If the company sells 8,600 jars of polish, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of choosing to further process Grit 337 rather than selling it as a cleaning powder? (Enter any "disadvantages" as a negative value. Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) 5. If the company sells 11,900 jars of polish, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of choosing to further process Grit 337 rather than selling is as a cleaning powder? (Enter any "disadvantages" as a negative value. Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)
To answer your questions, we will calculate the incremental revenue, incremental contribution margin, number of jars of silver polish to offset avoidable fixed costs, and the financial advantage/disadvantage of further processing Grit 337.
Let's go step by step.
Incremental revenue per jar of polish:The additional revenue earned per jar of polish by further processing Grit 337 is the selling price of silver polish minus the cost of Grit 337 used to produce it.Selling price of silver polish = $4.00 per jarCost of Grit 337 used per jar = 1/4 pound x $1.60 per pound = $0.40Incremental revenue per jar of polish = Selling price of silver polish - Cost of Grit 337 used per jar= $4.00 - $0.40; = $3.60Incremental contribution margin per jar of polish:
The incremental contribution margin per jar of polish is the incremental revenue per jar minus the additional direct variable costs associated with processing the silver polish.Additional direct variable costs associated with processing = Overhead costs associated with processing the silver polish+ Production supervisor's salary+ Variable selling costs (5% of sales)= Unknown values provided in the questionAs the question does not provide the values for the overhead costs, production supervisor's salary, and variable selling costs, we cannot calculate the incremental contribution margin without this information.
A number of jars of silver polish to offset avoidable fixed costs:
To calculate the number of jars of silver polish required to offset avoidable fixed costs. We need to divide the avoidable fixed costs by the incremental contribution margin per jar.However, as we do not have the incremental contribution margin per jar, we cannot calculate this value without additional information.
Financial advantage (disadvantage) of further processing Grit 337:To calculate the financial advantage (disadvantage) of further processing Grit 337, we need the incremental contribution margin per jar. As this information is missing, we cannot calculate the financial advantage (disadvantage) without additional data.
Financial advantage (disadvantage) of further processing Grit 337:Similar to question 4, we need the incremental contribution margin per jar to calculate the financial advantage (disadvantage) of further processing Grit 337. As the required information is missing, we cannot provide the answer without additional data.
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Gas prices in Canada have increased by over 60 percent in the last year. Using your knowledge of the market model of supply and demand and influences on each, provide an analysis of what contributed to this increase in gas prices in the market for gasoline. Assume you are starting from point of equilibrium in the previous year.
Gasoline is a commodity that is traded globally, and the price of gas in Canada is influenced by factors that affect the global market. The price of gasoline in Canada has increased by over 60 percent in the past year.
This increase in the price of gasoline can be explained by a variety of factors, including changes in supply and demand, political instability in oil-producing countries, and natural disasters. The market model of supply and demand can be used to analyze the factors that contributed to the increase in gas prices in the market for gasoline.
The market for gasoline is a competitive market with many buyers and sellers. The equilibrium price and quantity are determined by the interaction of supply and demand. The equilibrium price is the price at which the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied.
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The three different perspectives on financial statement analysis are those of the:
A. manager, regulator, and bondholder.
B. manager, shareholder, and creditor.
C. regulator, shareholder, and creditor.
D. shareholder, creditor, and regulator.
The three different perspectives on financial statement analysis are those of the manager, shareholder, and creditor. option c is the answer.
A. Manager Perspective: The primary purpose of financial statements is to provide relevant and accurate information about a company's financial performance. A manager will be interested in financial statements because they help in making business decisions. It is the responsibility of the management to ensure that the financial statements are accurate and comply with accounting standards. Shareholder Perspective: Shareholders are investors who invest in a company with the expectation of earning a profit. Shareholders would be interested in the company's financial performance. The financial statements provide a picture of the company's financial performance, which helps the shareholders in making investment decisions. Shareholders are interested in the company's profitability and return on investment. Creditor Perspective: A creditor is an entity that lends money to the company. Creditors would like to ensure that the company can repay the loan. They would be interested in the company's liquidity and solvency position. They would also be interested in the company's cash flows and financial ratios, which would indicate whether the company has the ability to repay the loan.The three different perspectives on financial statement analysis are essential because they represent different parties who have an interest in the company. They use financial statements to make business decisions. The financial statements should provide relevant and accurate information about the company's financial performance.
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the measure of what households receive after personal income tax is deducted is
The measure of what households receive after personal income tax is deducted is called disposable income.
The statement "prices are rising in bear markets, indicating economic optimism" is indeed false. In bear markets, prices are generally falling or experiencing a downward trend, reflecting negative investor sentiment and a lack of economic optimism. Bear markets are characterized by declining stock prices, weak economic conditions, and pessimism among investors. Investors tend to sell off assets, leading to downward pressure on prices
Disposable income represents the amount of money that individuals or households have available for spending or saving after taxes have been deducted from their total income. It reflects the income that is actually available to be spent on goods, services, savings, investments, or other financial obligations. Disposable income takes into account both earned income (such as wages or salaries) and unearned income (such as dividends, interest, or government transfers) minus any applicable taxes, including personal income tax.
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explain how a liberal and conservative would approach developing the us budget.
Liberals and conservatives have different priorities when it comes to developing the US budget. While liberals focus on social welfare programs, conservatives focus on economic growth and supporting businesses.
In the US political arena, liberals and conservatives have different views when it comes to developing a budget. Liberals are those who support social welfare programs, and they believe in using government money to support such programs.
On the other hand, conservatives believe in using government resources to create economic growth and support businesses. A budget is a critical document that outlines the federal government's priorities, and it is created through a lengthy process that involves numerous stakeholders. This essay will explore how liberals and conservatives would approach developing the US budget.
A liberal approach to the budget would typically involve focusing on social welfare programs such as healthcare, education, and housing. Liberals argue that these programs are essential in promoting equality and ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed.
They believe that government funds should be used to provide universal healthcare coverage, increase access to education, and provide affordable housing.
Conservatives, on the other hand, focus on economic growth and supporting businesses. They believe that reducing taxes and regulations will stimulate economic growth, which will, in turn, increase revenue for the government. Conservatives argue that businesses should have more freedom to operate and that this will create jobs and stimulate economic activity.
In summary, liberals and conservatives have different priorities when it comes to developing the US budget. While liberals focus on social welfare programs, conservatives focus on economic growth and supporting businesses.
Both approaches have their merits, and the budget must balance both priorities to ensure that the government meets the needs of all its citizens. A balanced approach is essential to creating a budget that works for everyone.
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You will invest your money in one of two accounts. Account A earns 4.1% interest annually and will pay you $577 in 3 years. Account B earns 9.1% interest annually and will pay you $580 in 13 years. What is the present value of the account that you should choose?
The present value of Account A is approximately $526.69, and the present value of Account B is approximately $225.88. Based on the present values, it appears that Account A would be the better choice for investment, as it offers a higher present value compared to Account B.
To determine the present value of the accounts, we need to calculate the amount of money you would need to invest in each account today to receive the specified future payments.
For Account A:
The future value is $577 in 3 years, and the interest rate is 4.1% annually. We can use the formula for the present value of a single sum to calculate the present value (PV).
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Using the given values for Account A:
PV_A = 577 / (1 + 0.041)^3
PV_A = 577 / (1.041)^3
PV_A ≈ 526.69
For Account B:
The future value is $580 in 13 years, and the interest rate is 9.1% annually. Applying the same formula:
PV_B = 580 / (1 + 0.091)^13
PV_B ≈ 225.88
Therefore, the present value of Account A is approximately $526.69, and the present value of Account B is approximately $225.88. Based on the present values, it appears that Account A would be the better choice for investment, as it offers a higher present value compared to Account B.
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Which one of the following options about the function MATCH is accurate? Statement 1: MATCH function returns the value given its position in an array. Statement 2: MATCH function returns position given the value in an array. Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is false. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true. Statement 1 is false, and statement 2 is true. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are false.
Statement 1 is false, as the MATCH function does not return the value itself. However, statement 2 is true, as the MATCH function returns the position of a value in an array.
Statement 1: MATCH function returns the value given its position in an array.
This statement is false. The MATCH function in Excel or other spreadsheet programs is used to search for a specified value in a range of cells and return its relative position. It does not return the actual value itself. For example, if you have a column of numbers and you want to find the position of a specific number within that column, you can use the MATCH function to determine the relative position of that number in the array.
Statement 2: MATCH function returns position given the value in an array.
This statement is true. The MATCH function is primarily used to find the position of a specified value within an array. When you provide the value you want to search for as an argument to the MATCH function, it scans the array and returns the relative position of the first occurrence of that value. This position can be used for various purposes, such as retrieving the corresponding value from another column or performing further calculations.
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Bond Discount, Entries for Bonds Payable Transactions On luly 1, Year 1 , Uvingston Corporation, a wholesaler of manufacturing equipment, issued $1,400,000 of 5 -year, 11% bonds at a market (effective) interest rate of 12%, receiving cash of $1,348,480. Interest on the bonds is payable semiannually on December 31 and June 30 . The fiscal year of the company is the calendar year. Required: 1. Joutnalize the entry to record the amount of cash proceeds from the issuance of the bonds on July 1 , year 1 . For a compoond transaction, if an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. 2. Joumalize the entries to record the following: For a compound transaction, if an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank: Round your answer to the nearest dollat. a. The first serniannual interest payment on December 31, Year 1 , and the amortization of the bond discount insing the siringht ifne method The interest payment on June 30 , Year 2 , and the amortization of the bond discount, using the straight-line method. 3. Determine the total interest expense for Year 1 . Round to the nearest dollar. x 4. Will the bond proceeds always be less than the face amount of the bonds when the contract rate is less than the market rate of interest? 5. Compute the price of $1,348,480 received for the bonds by using Table 1, Table 2, Tab.907 and Table 4 . (Round to the nearest dollar.) Your total may vary slightly from the price given due to rounding differences.
1. Journal Entry to record the amount of cash proceeds from the issuance of the bonds on July 1, year 1 is given below: Cash Dr. 1,348,480 Discount on Bonds Payable Dr. 51,520Bonds Payable Cr.
1,400,000(To record the issuance of bonds at a discount)2. Journal entries to record the following: First semiannual interest payment on December 31, Year 1, and the amortization of the bond discount using the straight-line method is given below: Interest Expense Dr. 78,400Discount on Bonds Payable Dr. 1,280Cash Cr. 77,120(To record semiannual interest payment and discount amortization)Interest payment on June 30, Year 2, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the straight-line method is given below: Interest Expense Dr. 78,400Discount on Bonds Payable Dr. 1,280
Cash Cr. 77,120(To record semiannual interest payment and discount amortization)3. Total Interest expense for Year 1 = $78,400 + $78,400 = $156,8004. Yes, the bond proceeds will always be less than the face amount of the bonds when the contract rate is less than the market rate of interest.5. Calculation of Bond Price is given below:Steps Rate Semiannual interest payment Semiannual discount factor PV of Semiannual payment PV of discount factor PV of Semiannual Payment and discount factor Initial Calculation 6% $35,000 0.97087 $33,924.50 $33,020.90 $66,945.40Adjustment 0.34% $35,000 1.00000 $34,150.00 $0.00 $34,150.00Total $68,074.50Using the above table, the Price of bonds is calculated as $68,074.50.
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Zeno Inc has 6,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding on December 31, 2018. No shares were issued in 2019. On January 1, 2019, Zeno issued 24,000,$1,000 face value, 8% convertible bonds. Each bond is convertible into 25 shares of common stock. No bonds were converted into common stock in 2019. Net income after taxes is $15,000,000 and the tax rate is 25%. Compute EPS and DEPS. Show all computations for the numerators and the denominators.
Zeno Inc has 6,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding on December 31, 2018. On January 1, 2019, Zeno issued 24,000, $1,000 face value, 8% convertible bonds. Each bond is convertible into 25 shares of common stock. No bonds were converted into common stock in 2019. Net income after taxes is $15,000,000 and the tax rate is 25%. Therefore EPS is $2.5 and DEPS is $2.20.
Objective: To compute the EPS and DEPS on the given information.Income Statement:Particulars Amount Net Income after taxes (A)$15,000,000 Less: Dividend on preferred stock (B) $ 0 Less: Interest on convertible bonds (C) $ 0 Net Income available for common stockholders (D)=$15,000,000- $0-$0=$15,000,000 Common Shares Outstanding on Dec 31, 2018(E) 6,000,000 Convertible Bonds Outstanding on Dec 31, 2019(F) 24,000 Conversion of Bonds into Common Shares (G) =$24,000,000/$1,000*25=600,000(24,000 bonds have a face value of $1,000 each which means the total face value of bonds is $24,000,000 and each bond is convertible into 25 shares of common stock. Therefore, the total number of common shares to be issued upon conversion is 24,000 * 25=600,000)Common Shares Outstanding after Conversion (H) 6,000,000 + 600,000 = 6,600,000
EPS is calculated using the following formula: EPS = Net income available for common stockholders / Number of shares of common stock outstanding Earnings Per Share = ($15,000,000 / 6,000,000) = $2.5 per share
DEPS is calculated using the following formula: DEPS = (Net Income available for common stockholders - Preferred Dividends) / (Number of shares of common stock outstanding + (Convertible bond shares*No of years))DEPS = ($15,000,000 - $0) / (6,000,000 + (600,000*1)) = $2.20 per share (No of years is 1 because the bonds were issued on January 1, 2019, and the conversion of bonds was not done in 2019)Therefore, EPS is $2.5 and DEPS is $2.20.
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. Sangli Steel has a current stock price of Rs.65. For the past year, the company had net profit of Rs. 7.4 million, shareholder funds of Rs. 32.45 million, and 3.6 million shares of stock outstanding. What is the market-to-book ratio? a. Rs. 4.21 b. Rs. 5.21 c. Rs. 6.21 d. Rs. 7.21
The market-to-book ratio is approximately 7.21. The correct option is d. Rs. 7.21.
To calculate the market-to-book ratio, we need to determine the book value of the company's equity and then divide it by the market value of equity.
Book Value of Equity = Shareholder Funds / Number of Shares
Market Value of Equity = Stock Price * Number of Shares
Given:
Net Profit = Rs. 7.4 million
Shareholder Funds = Rs. 32.45 million
Number of Shares = 3.6 million
Stock Price = Rs. 65
Book Value of Equity = 32.45 million / 3.6 million
Book Value of Equity = Rs. 9.0139 per share
Market Value of Equity = Rs. 65 * 3.6 million
Market Value of Equity = Rs. 234 million
Market-to-Book Ratio = Market Value of Equity / Book Value of Equity
Market-to-Book Ratio = 234 million / (9.0139 per share * 3.6 million)
Market-to-Book Ratio = 234 million / 32.45 million
Market-to-Book Ratio ≈ 7.21
Therefore, the market-to-book ratio is approximately 7.21. The correct option is d. Rs. 7.21.
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It is a psychological indicator of the difference in the return
on bonds between blue-chip companies and non-poor companies, and if
the B ratio increases, it means the time of purchase. What is
B?
It is a psychological indicator of the difference in the return
on bonds between blue-chip companies and non-poor companies, and if
the B ratio increases, it means the time of purchase.
The information you provided seems to be incomplete or may contain errors. The term "B ratio" is not a commonly used financial or economic indicator. Additionally, the statement about the B ratio increasing indicating the time of purchase is unclear and does not align with standard financial concepts.
If you could provide more context or clarify the terms and concepts you are referring to, I would be happy to assist you further in understanding the indicators or ratios relevant to your question.
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Interpret in below diagram and determine at what point the short rus firm will shut down their production and why? $300 190 MC ATC $74 100 P=$71 50 Cost and revenue 1 6 Output For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). BIUS Paragraph v Arial 7 8 9 10pt AVC 10 MR =P > !!! V AV 2 I.
The short-run shutdown point for the firm in the given diagram would occur at an output level where the price (P) falls below the minimum average variable cost (AVC). The exact output level cannot be determined from the information provided.
In the diagram, the firm's average total cost (ATC) curve is represented by the U-shaped curve labeled "ATC." The marginal cost (MC) curve intersects the average total cost curve at its lowest point, which indicates that the firm is operating at its efficient scale of production. The average variable cost (AVC) curve lies below the average total cost curve. The shutdown point for a firm in the short run occurs when the price (P) falls below the minimum average variable cost (AVC). At this point, the firm is unable to cover its variable costs, and continuing production would result in greater losses than if it were to shut down.
However, without specific values or labels on the diagram, we cannot determine the exact output level at which the shutdown point occurs. To identify the shutdown point, we would need to compare the price (P) with the average variable cost (AVC) at various output levels. If the price falls below the minimum AVC, the firm would shut down production in the short run to minimize losses.
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1. Consider the "circular flow" diagram for our economy. Explain
what each of its components mean and how that detailed model of
"incomes" and "expenditures" provides a foundation for econ
The "circular flow" diagram shows how money and goods flow between households and firms in the product and factor markets. It demonstrates the interdependence of components and the role of government in the economy.
The "circular flow" diagram for our economy shows how money and goods flow between households and firms. It consists of two main components: the product market and the factor market.
In the product market, households purchase goods and services from firms, and firms receive revenue in exchange for these goods and services. This is represented by the flow of money from households to firms in exchange for goods and services.
In the factor market, firms purchase factors of production such as labor, land, and capital from households, and households receive income in exchange for these factors. This is represented by the flow of money from firms to households in exchange for factors of production.
The circular flow diagram demonstrates how the economy is a system of interdependent parts where each component relies on the other. It provides a foundation for economics by showing how the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services are connected to the income earned by households and the costs incurred by firms. The diagram also highlights the role of government, which can intervene in the economy by imposing taxes, providing subsidies, and regulating markets. Understanding the circular flow of the economy is essential for analyzing economic behavior and developing policies that promote economic growth and stability.
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Assume that one of the polls conducted by the United Medical and Mucho County staff revealed the following results: Employees disengaged was 37% higher, staff absenteeism was 49%, and there were 40% more accidents and 60% more errors on the job. Over time, this translated into 18% lower productivity, 16% lower profitability, 37% lower job growth, and 65% lower share price. This type of behavior impacts the entire organization and must be corrected accordingly. What organizational problem fixing approach is most beneficial in addressing these issues?
The most beneficial organizational problem-fixing approach for addressing issues like disengagement, absenteeism, accidents, errors, lower productivity, profitability, job growth, and share price is a comprehensive strategy focused on improving employee engagement, leadership development, performance management, training, safety, communication, and incentives.
This approach should prioritize the following:
Employee Engagement: Implement strategies to enhance employee engagement, such as providing opportunities for skill development, fostering a positive work environment, promoting work-life balance, recognizing and rewarding employee contributions, and encouraging open communication and feedback channels.Leadership Development: Invest in leadership development programs to equip managers with the necessary skills to effectively lead and inspire their teams. Strong leadership is crucial in creating a supportive and engaging work culture.Performance Management: Establish clear performance expectations, goals, and metrics. Implement regular performance evaluations and provide constructive feedback to help employees improve and grow. Identify and address any barriers or challenges that hinder performance.Training and Development: Offer ongoing training and development programs to enhance employee skills and knowledge. This can include technical training, soft skills development, and opportunities for career advancement.Safety and Risk Management: Implement robust safety protocols, training, and measures to minimize accidents and errors. Foster a safety-conscious culture where employees are encouraged to report near misses, provide suggestions for improvements, and actively participate in creating a safe work environment.Communication and Collaboration: Foster effective communication and collaboration across the organization. Encourage teamwork, knowledge sharing, and cross-functional collaboration to improve productivity and reduce errors.Performance Incentives: Consider implementing performance-based incentives and rewards to motivate employees and reinforce desired behaviors and outcomes.By adopting this comprehensive approach, organizations can address the underlying issues of disengagement, absenteeism, accidents, errors, and their subsequent negative impacts. It promotes a culture of employee well-being, continuous improvement, and accountability, leading to higher productivity, profitability, job growth, and shareholder value.
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Case Study 3: Party Control of Congress and Policy Change, 1994-2018:
Did the results of the 2008, 2014, and 2018 congressional elections really presage a period of policy change in a different direction? And how do you think the relationship between Congress and The House will affect policy change over the next two years? Support your answer with clear evidence.
The 2008, 2014, and 2018 congressional elections did indeed presage a period of policy change in a different direction. The results of these elections represented a shift in power in Congress,
with the Democrats taking control in 2008 and 2014, and the Republicans taking control in 2018. These shifts in power had a significant impact on the policies that were enacted during those periods of policy. The relationship between Congress and the House will affect policy change over the next two years.
The relationship between Congress and the House has been strained over the past few years, with the Democrats taking control of the House in 2018 and the Republicans retaining control of the Senate. This has led to a great deal of gridlock and a lack of progress on important policy issues.
However, with the Democrats now controlling both the House and the Senate, there is an opportunity for greater cooperation and collaboration between the two bodies of Congress, which could lead to significant policy changes over the next two years.There is clear evidence to support this view. For example, in 2021, the House passed a $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief package that included direct payments to Americans, funding for state and local governments, and funding for vaccine distribution.
This bill was later passed by the Senate and signed into law by President Biden, demonstrating the power of the House to enact significant policy changes. Additionally, there is significant support among Democrats in Congress for other important policy changes, such as infrastructure spending, climate change action, and immigration reform.
Overall, it seems likely that the relationship between Congress and the House will have a significant impact on policy change over the next two years, with the potential for significant progress on important policy issues.
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Bethesda Mining Company reports the following balance sheet information for 2018 and 2019. Assets Current assets Cash Total Accounts receivable 65,281 Inventory 116,676 Fixed assets Net plant and equipment BETHESDA MINING COMPANY Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 2018 2019 Total assets $ 65,470 $82,487 85,639 181,549 $247,427 $ 349,675 $658,747 $589,978 Liabilities and Owners' Equity Current liabilities Accounts payable Notes payable Total Long-term debt Owners' equity Common stock and paid-in Accumulated retained surplus earnings Calculate the following financial ratios for each year: Total $906,174 $939,653 Total liabilities and owners' equity 2018 $186,922 82,020 2019 $ 194,611 133,588 $268,942 $ 328,199 $ 231,000 $167,750 $224,000 $224,000 182,232 219,704 $406,232 $443,704 $906,174 $939,653 Calculate the following financial ratios for each year: a. Current ratio. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. Quick ratio. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) c. Cash ratio. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) d. Debt-equity ratio and equity multiplier. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) e. Total debt ratio. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) 2018 current ratio 2019 current ratio b. 2018 Quick ratio 2019 Quick ratio C. 2018 Cash ratio 2019 Cash ratio d. 2018 Debt-equity ratio 2018 Equity multiplier 2019 Debt-equity ratio 2019 Equity multiplier 2018 Total debt ratio 2019 Total debt ratio a. e times times times times times times times times times times times times
Rounded to two decimal places, the financial ratios are as follows:
a. Current ratio: 2018: 1.16, 2019: 1.42
b. Quick ratio: 2018: 0.56, 2019: 0.77
c. Cash ratio: 2018: 0.35, 2019: 0.44
d. Debt-equity ratio and equity multiplier:
2018: Debt-equity ratio: 2.21, Equity multiplier: 4.05, 2019: Debt-equity ratio: 3.96, Equity multiplier: 4.19
e. Total debt ratio: 2018: 0.55, 2019: 0.86
How did we get these values?To calculate the financial ratios, use the given balance sheet information for the years 2018 and 2019. Let's calculate each ratio step by step:
a. Current ratio:
Current ratio = Current assets / Current liabilities
2018: Current ratio = ($65,281 + $116,676) / $186,922
2019: Current ratio = ($85,639 + $181,549) / $194,611
b. Quick ratio:
Quick ratio = (Current assets - Inventory) / Current liabilities
2018: Quick ratio = ($65,281 + $116,676 - $116,676) / $186,922
2019: Quick ratio = ($85,639 + $181,549 - $116,676) / $194,611
c. Cash ratio:
Cash ratio = Cash / Current liabilities
2018: Cash ratio = $65,281 / $186,922
2019: Cash ratio = $85,639 / $194,611
d. Debt-equity ratio:
Debt-equity ratio = Total debt / Owners' equity
2018: Debt-equity ratio = ($268,942 + $231,000) / $224,000
2019: Debt-equity ratio = ($328,199 + $443,704) / $224,000
Equity multiplier:
Equity multiplier = Total assets / Owners' equity
2018: Equity multiplier = $906,174 / $224,000
2019: Equity multiplier = $939,653 / $224,000
e. Total debt ratio:
Total debt ratio = Total debt / Total assets
2018: Total debt ratio = ($268,942 + $231,000) / $906,174
2019: Total debt ratio = ($328,199 + $443,704) / $939,653
Now let's calculate the ratios:
a. Current ratio:
2018: Current ratio = ($65,281 + $116,676) / $186,922 = 1.16
2019: Current ratio = ($85,639 + $181,549) / $194,611 = 1.42
b. Quick ratio:
2018: Quick ratio = ($65,281 + $116,676 - $116,676) / $186,922 = 0.56
2019: Quick ratio = ($85,639 + $181,549 - $116,676) / $194,611 = 0.77
c. Cash ratio:
2018: Cash ratio = $65,281 / $186,922 = 0.35
2019: Cash ratio = $85,639 / $194,611 = 0.44
d. Debt-equity ratio and equity multiplier:
2018: Debt-equity ratio = ($268,942 + $231,000) / $224,000 = 2.21
Equity multiplier = $906,174 / $224,000 = 4.05
2019: Debt-equity ratio = ($328,199 + $443,704) / $224,000 = 3.96
Equity multiplier = $939,653 / $224,000 = 4.19
e. Total debt ratio:
2018: Total debt ratio = ($268,942 + $231,000) / $906,174 = 0.55
2019: Total debt ratio = ($328,199 + $443,704) / $939,653 = 0.86
Rounded to two decimal places, the financial ratios are as follows:
a. Current ratio:
2018: 1.16
2019: 1.42
b. Quick ratio:
2018: 0.56
2019: 0.77
c. Cash ratio:
2018: 0.35
2019: 0.44
d. Debt-equity ratio and equity multiplier:
2018: Debt-equity ratio: 2.21, Equity multiplier: 4.05
2019: Debt-equity ratio: 3.96, Equity multiplier: 4.19
e. Total debt ratio:
2018: 0.55
2019: 0.86
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Ivanhoe Construction Company earned $480,000 during the year ended June 30, 2017. After paying out $225,794 in dividends, the balance went into retained earnings. If the firm's total retained earnings were $840,076 at the end of fiscal year 2017, what were the retained earnings on its balance sheet on July 1, 2016?
Ivanhoe Construction Company's retained earnings on July 1, 2016, amounted to $585,870. This was determined by subtracting the net income of $254,206 for the fiscal year 2016-2017 from the total retained earnings of $840,076 at the end of the fiscal year.
To determine the retained earnings on Ivanhoe Construction Company's balance sheet on July 1, 2016, we need to calculate the net income for the fiscal year 2016-2017.
We know that the company earned $480,000 during the year ended June 30, 2017.
After paying out dividends of $225,794, the remaining amount went into retained earnings. Therefore, the net income for the year ended June 30, 2017, can be calculated as follows:
Net Income = Earnings - Dividends
Net Income = $480,000 - $225,794
Net Income = $254,206
Now, let's find the retained earnings on the balance sheet on July 1, 2016. We know that the total retained earnings at the end of fiscal year 2017 were $840,076.
Retained earnings accumulate over time, incorporating net income from previous years.
Hence, the retained earnings on the balance sheet on July 1, 2016, can be calculated by subtracting the net income for the fiscal year 2016-2017 from the total retained earnings at the end of fiscal year 2017:
Retained Earnings on July 1, 2016 = Total Retained Earnings on June 30, 2017 - Net Income for the year ended June 30, 2017
Retained Earnings on July 1, 2016 = $840,076 - $254,206
Retained Earnings on July 1, 2016 = $585,870
Therefore, the retained earnings on Ivanhoe Construction Company's balance sheet on July 1, 2016, were $585,870.
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Use the T-account ledger below. a. Prepare January 31 closing entries in a journal and post them to the ledger. b. Calculate the final balance on January 31 in the A. Holmes, Capital account. A. Holmes, Capital 300 501 Auto Expense 1.000 Jan. 31 60 000 Jan. 31 General Expense 502 A. Holmes, Drawings 301 3.000 Jan. 31 3 000 Income Summary 302 Rent Expense 503 Jan. 31 5 000 Sales 400 Salaries Expense 504 Jan. 31 45 000 Jan. 31 24 000 Jan. 31 Jan. 31 Advertising Expense 500 2000
The closing entries and the final balance in the A. Holmes, Capital account:
Dr. Income Summary 60,000
Cr. A. Holmes, Capital 60,000
Dr. A. Holmes, Drawings 3,000
Cr. Income Summary 3,000
Final balance in A. Holmes, Capital = 57,000
The closing entries for January 31 are as follows:
Dr. Income Summary 60,000 Cr. A. Holmes, Capital 60,000
This entry is to transfer the net income of $60,000 from the Income Summary account to the A. Holmes, Capital account.
Dr. A. Holmes, Drawings 3,000 Cr. Income Summary 3,000
This entry is to transfer the drawings of $3,000 from the Income Summary account to the A. Holmes, Drawings account.
The final balance in the A. Holmes, Capital account is calculated as follows:
Initial balance in A. Holmes, Capital + Net income - Drawings = Final balance in A. Holmes, Capital
60,000 + 60,000 - 3,000 = 57,000
Therefore, the final balance in the A. Holmes, Capital account is $57,000.
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Use a multi-level sort. Sort on city in descending alphabetical order and then on price in ascending order. The price for the first record is ? O$ 92,000 O $ 85,373 $534,692 None of the above
The price for the first record is $534,692.
To sort the data in a multi-level sort, we first need to sort by city in descending alphabetical order. This means that the city with the highest alphabetical value will be at the top of the list, followed by the city with the second highest alphabetical value, and so on. Once the data is sorted by city, we then need to sort by price in ascending order. This means that the record with the lowest price will be at the top of the list, followed by the record with the second lowest price, and so on.
In this case, the first record in the list will be the record with the highest city value and the lowest price. This record is for a house in San Francisco, which has the highest alphabetical value of any city in the list. The price of this house is $534,692, which is the lowest price in the list. Therefore, the answer to your question is $534,692.
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If Umdioti Trader's required rate of return on equal-risk investments is 18%, should the proposed increase in the discount offered (from 2% to 3%) be made?
The decision to implement the proposed increase in the discount offered should be based on a thorough evaluation of the potential effects on Umdioti Trader's profitability, financial stability, and ability to meet its required rate of return.
To determine whether Umdioti Trader should make the proposed increase in the discount offered, we need to assess its impact on the required rate of return.
Currently, Umdioti Trader's required rate of return is 18%. The required rate of return represents the minimum return investors expect to receive on their investments to compensate for the level of risk involved.
If the discount offered is increased from 2% to 3%, it means that customers will receive a higher reduction in price for the products or services offered. This discount may affect the profitability and financial performance of Umdioti Trader.
To evaluate the impact of the increased discount on the required rate of return, Umdioti Trader needs to consider factors such as the cost structure, profit margins, and overall financial viability of the business. If the increased discount significantly reduces profitability and jeopardizes the company's ability to meet its required rate of return, it may not be advisable to implement the increase.
On the other hand, if the increased discount leads to a boost in sales volume, market share, or customer loyalty, it could result in long-term benefits for the company. Umdioti Trader should carefully analyze the potential impact on its financials and weigh the short-term versus long-term implications.
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Maintaining an inventory of supplies helps a business to: A) establish sales goals. B) operate efficiently. C) locate vendors. D) evaluate processes.
Maintaining an inventory of supplies helps a business to operate efficiently. Option B is correct.
Having a well-managed inventory allows businesses to streamline their operations, reduce costs, and meet customer demands effectively. By keeping track of supplies and their availability, businesses can avoid stockouts and ensure timely replenishment. This leads to smoother production processes, improved order fulfillment, and reduced downtime.
Additionally, maintaining an inventory enables businesses to optimize their storage space, minimize waste, and make informed decisions regarding purchasing and production. Overall, an efficient inventory management system contributes to better resource allocation, improved customer satisfaction, and increased profitability.
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A produce distributor uses 900 packing crates a month. Ordering
costs are $35. The firm operates 12 months per year. The EOQ is 435
units. What is the unit holding cost per year?
The unit holding cost per year is $2.48. Given that the produce distributor uses 900 packing crates per month, then the annual demand (D) can be obtained as follows :D = 900 x 12 = 10,800 units The ordering cost is $35.The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is 435 units. Now we can compute for the annual ordering cost and the annual holding cost as follows: Annual ordering cost = [(D/Q) x S] = [(10,800/435) x $35] = $864Annual holding cost = [(Q/2) x H] = [(435/2) x H] = 217.5HNote: H = unit holding cost per year Therefore, the total cost is given by: Total Cost (TC) = Annual ordering cost + Annual holding cost TC = $864 + 217.5HTo determine the value of H, we will differentiate TC with respect to Q and equate the derivative to zero, then solve for H as follows: d TC / d Q = [D/2Q²] x S - [(Q/2) x H²] = 0D/2Q² = H²S/Q435 units = Q*Q = 435H²S/D = H² x $35/$10,800H²S/D = $0.00107639H² = $0.00107639 x 10,800/$35H² = 3.32H = √3.32H = $1.82Thus, the unit holding cost per year is $2.48. (computed as follows)Unit Holding Cost (H) = Annual Holding Cost / Q Unit Holding Cost (H) = 217.5H / 435H = $0.50 x 12 = $6/year Annual Holding Cost = (Q/2) x H Annual Holding Cost = (435/2) x $1.82Annual Holding Cost = $396.45/year
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Discuss which TVM calculations you used to buy a house, support your financial decision, and the benefits this provided.
When buying a house, several Time Value of Money (TVM) calculations can be utilized to support the financial decision. These calculations include mortgage affordability, loan amortization, and comparison of different financing options.
By using TVM calculations, individuals can determine the affordability of a mortgage, understand the cost of borrowing, and make informed decisions about their housing investment.
One of the key TVM calculations used when buying a house is mortgage affordability. This calculation helps individuals assess how much they can borrow based on their income, expenses, and financial situation. By considering factors such as the down payment, interest rate, loan term, and monthly income, individuals can determine the maximum amount they can afford to borrow without stretching their budget too thin.
Another important TVM calculation is loan amortization. This calculation allows individuals to understand how their monthly mortgage payments are allocated towards principal and interest over the life of the loan.
By reviewing the amortization schedule, individuals can see the impact of their payments on the loan balance and the total interest paid. This information helps in evaluating the long-term cost of borrowing and assessing the benefits of making additional principal payments or refinancing options.
Additionally, TVM calculations can be used to compare different financing options, such as fixed-rate mortgages, adjustable-rate mortgages, or different loan terms.
By analyzing the total cost of each option, including the interest paid over the loan term, individuals can make an informed decision about the most suitable financing option based on their financial goals and risk tolerance.
The use of TVM calculations in the process of buying a house provides several benefits. It helps individuals make realistic and informed financial decisions by understanding the affordability of the mortgage, evaluating the cost of borrowing, and assessing the long-term financial implications.
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Suppose a company incurs the following costs: labor, $1,200; equipment, $300; and materials, $200. The compary owns the bullding. so it doesn't have to pay the usual $900 in rent. Instructions: Enter your responses as a whole numbet a. What is the total accounting cost? \$) b. What is the total economic cost? 5 c. If the company sold the bullding and then leased it back, what would be the change in (0) accounting costs? 5 (ii) economic costs? $
final answer is Change in accounting costs: $1,800 and Change in economic costs: -$900
a. To calculate the total accounting cost, we add up the costs of labor, equipment, and materials. Total accounting cost = labor cost + equipment cost + materials cost
Total accounting cost = $1,200 + $300 + $200
Total accounting cost = $1,700
Therefore, the total accounting cost is $1,700.
b. The total economic cost includes all explicit costs and implicit costs. Explicit costs are the actual expenses incurred, while implicit costs represent the opportunity cost of using the resources elsewhere.
In this case, the explicit costs are the labor cost, equipment cost, and materials cost, which amount to $1,200 + $300 + $200 = $1,700 (the same as the accounting cost).
Since there is no information provided about any additional implicit costs, we can assume there are none. Therefore, the total economic cost is also $1,700.
c. If the company sold the building and then leased it back, there would be a change in costs. Let's analyze the changes separately for accounting costs and economic costs:
(i) Change in accounting costs: Since the company owns the building, not paying rent results in savings of $900. If they sell the building and lease it back, they would have to pay rent, resulting in an additional expense of $900. Therefore, the change in accounting costs would be $900 - (-$900) = $1,800.
(ii) Change in economic costs: Economic costs take into account both explicit and implicit costs. Since the company owns the building, there is an implicit cost associated with not renting it out to another party. By selling the building and leasing it back, the company would forego this implicit cost, resulting in a reduction of $900. Therefore, the change in economic costs would be -$900.
To summarize:
(i) Change in accounting costs: $1,800
(ii) Change in economic costs: -$900
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Harris store is financed with 48 percent debt and the rest equity. It therefore has a leveraged beta of 1.7 and is subject to a 35% corporate tax rate. What is Bori's unleverged beta?
Round answer to two decimals.
To find Bori's unleveraged beta, we need to use the formula for the unleveraged beta:
Unleveraged Beta = Leveraged Beta / (1 + (1 - Tax Rate) * Debt/Equity Ratio)
Given:
Leveraged Beta = 1.7
Tax Rate = 35%
Debt/Equity Ratio = 48%/52% = 0.923
Substituting the values into the formula, we get:
Unleveraged Beta = 1.7 / (1 + (1 - 0.35) * 0.923)
Calculating the value:
Unleveraged Beta = 1.7 / (1 + (0.65) * 0.923) ≈ 1.35
Therefore, Bori's unleveraged beta is approximately 1.35.
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Perfect Picture inc. (PPi) experienced the following transactions during Year 2 . The transactions are summarized (transaction data pertain to the full year) and limited to those that affect the company's current liabilities.
1. PPI had cash sales of $820,000. The state requires that PPI charge customers an 8 percent sales tax (ignore cost of goods sold).
2. PPI paid the state sales tax authority $63,000.
3. On March 1. PPi issued a note payable to the County Bank. PPI received $50,000 'cash (principal balance). The note had a one-year term and a 6 percent annual interest rate.
4. On December 31, PPI recognized accrued interest on the note issued in Event 3.
5. On December 31, PPl recognized warranty expense at the rate of 3 percent of sales.
6. PPI paid $22,000 cash to settle warranty ciaims.
7. On January 1, Year 1, PPI issued a $100,000 installment note. The note had a 10-year term and an 8 percent interest rate. PPI agreed to repay the principal and interest in 10 annual interest payments of $14,902.94 at the end of each year. While the note was issued in Year 1, the effects of interest appear in the Year 2 balance sheet.
Required:
Prepare the liabilities section of the December 31 , Year 2 , balance sheet (Do not round intermediate calculations and round final answers to nearest whole dollar.)
To summarize, the impact on Perfect Picture Inc.'s current liabilities based on the given transactions is as follows: Increase in current liabilities: Sales tax on cash sales, Accrued interest on the note payable, Warranty expense
To meet the standards, we shall evaluate each transaction and ascertain how it affects the present obligations of Perfect Picture Inc. (PPI). Here is how the transactions are broken down:
1. Cash Sales: Because PPI will have to collect and send sales tax to the state, the $820,000 in cash transactions will raise its current obligations.
2. Payment of Sales Tax: PPI's current obligations will be reduced as a result of the $63,000 payment made to the state's sales tax authority, which will also satisfy its sales tax obligation.
3. Issuance of Note Payable: Because the note payable to County Bank is a long-term debt, its issuance has no immediate effect on current liabilities. However, the main balance of the note due will go up as a result.
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