At the most basic level, in order to produce oxygen and a carbohydrate (comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen), carbon dioxide must react with water as a source of hydrogen.
In order to construct carbohydrate molecules (often glucose) and release oxygen into the atmosphere, photosynthesis utilises carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis occurs in organelles called chloroplasts found in eukaryotic autotrophs like plants and algae.
Commonly used notation for photosynthesis is:
6CO[tex]_{2}[/tex] + 6H[tex]_{2}[/tex]O C[tex]_{6}[/tex]H[tex]_{12}[/tex]O[tex]_{6}[/tex] + 6O[tex]_{2}[/tex]
This indicates that the reactants, six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, are transformed into a sugar molecule and six oxygen molecules, the products, by light energy being absorbed by chlorophyll.
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How many grams of nitric acid are produced from this reaction if it reduces the partial pressure of no2 from a 1. 3×109l volume of air over a city by 4. 5×10−8atm when the temperature is 10∘c?
[tex]NO_{2}[/tex](g) + OH(g) = [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] (aq) (nitric acid)
Given,
Pressure of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] = 4.5x10-8 atm,
volume = 1.3x109 L, and
temp = 10ºC + 273 = 283K
moles. NO2 =? = n
PV = nRT
n = PV/RT = (4.5x10-8 atm)(1.3x109 L) / (0.0821 Latm/Kmol) (210K)
n = 3.4x10-18 moles NO2 = mols HNO3
mass HNO3 = 3.4 x 10 18 moles x 31 g/mol = 1.05 x 10 16 g.
Nitric acidThe inorganic substance nitric acid has the formula HNO3. This mineral acid is extremely corrosive. [5] Even though the chemical is colorless, older samples often have a yellow tinge from breakdown into nitrogen oxides. Nitric acid is 68 percent concentrated in water in the majority of commercially available products. Fumigating nitric acid is the term used to describe a solution that contains more than 86 percent HNO3. Depending on the quantity of nitrogen dioxide, fuming nitric acid is further classified as red fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 86 percent or white fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 95 percent. The main chemical used in nitration, or adding a nitro group usually to an organic molecule, is nitric acid.
How many grams of nitric acid are produced from this reaction if it reduces the partial pressure of no2 from a 1. 3×109l volume of air over a city by 4. 5×10−8atm when the temperature is 10∘c?
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What is the value of k for this aqueous reaction at 298 k?298 k? a b↽−−⇀c dδ°=10. 35 kj/mol
The value of k for this aqueous reaction at 298 k a b↽−−⇀c dδ°=10. 35 KJ/mol is 30.37 mol.
What is K?
K is the song which is used to donate the equilibrium of a reaction and the equilibrium of the reaction can only be obtained when the concentration of reactant is equal to the concentration of the product.
K is also known as the equilibrium constant.
δG or dδ° = - R T In K
R = universal gas constant
T = 298 k or 24.4Celciuss
dδ°= 10. 35
substituting the value in the equation
10. 35 = - 8.313 × 24.4 celcius In k
In k = - 8.313 × 24.4 celcius / 10. 35
In k = 30.37 mol.
Therefore, the value of k for this aqueous reaction at 298 k a b↽−−⇀c dδ°=10. 35 KJ/mol is 30.37 mol.
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List 4 major types of inhibition modes and clearly indicate the effect on vmax and km for each mode?
The 4 major types of inhibition are Competitive Inhibition, Non-competitive Reversible Inhibition, Non-competitive Irreversible Inhibition, and Uncompetitive Inhibition.
Types of inhibition modes:1. Competitive Inhibition: Competing inhibitors are substances that resemble an enzyme's natural substrate so closely that they vie for the active site. In order to stop additional reactions, the inhibitor binds to the active site and stays there.
The inhibitor and substrate fight for the enzyme's active site because the enzyme may react with the inhibitor and release the products as it normally would with its substrate
2. Non-competitive Inhibition:
Reversible: There is no competition in this instance because the inhibitor and substrate are not related. The substrate and the inhibitor may mix at various places of the complexes of the enzymes [E-I], [E-S], and [E-I-S].And in the Michaelis equation, this kind of inhibition lowers V max but has no impact on Km.The rate at which the enzyme is fully saturated is given by V = V max [S] / Km + [S] (V max).
(Km): The substrate is the Michaelis constant, at which the reaction rate is halved, or at V maximum.
Irreversible: These kinds of inhibitors impact the chemical alteration of an amino acid residue in the enzyme that plays a function in catalysis when they join with the enzyme nearby or at the active site.Additionally, this kind of inhibition lowers Vmax but has no impact on Km.
3. Uncompetitive Inhibition: is the last type, where the inhibitor attaches to the [E-S] complex to create [E-S-I] even if it has no affinity for the enzyme.
However, this kind of inhibition lowers both Vmax and Km.
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The atmospheric layer in which gases do not maintain a uniform composition is the ________.
The layer of the earth's atmosphere in which gases do not maintain a uniform composition is the Heterosphere.
Heterosphere is simply the layer of an atmosphere in which the gases are split out according to molecular diffusion with an increase in altitude. Therefore, lighter species become more abundant than heavier species.The main components of the heterosphere are oxygen, helium, nitrogen, and hydrogen.
The lower layer is composed of nitrogen and oxygen.In the lower layers of the heterosphere, heavy molecules & atoms are present but lighter ones are present in the upper layer. According to Solar and temperature activities, the boundary between the molecules ranges. The heterosphere lies above the homosphere.
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What is the daughter nucleus produced when zn63 undergoes electron capture? replace each question mark with the appropriate integer or symbol
The daughter nucleus that is produced is ₂₉⁶³cu.
What is Electron capture?
The process of drawing an electron to the nucleus, where it combines with a proton to create a neutron and a neutrino particle, is known as electron capture.
The daughter nucleus is the nucleus that is made by the parent nucleus. The nucleus that remains after the decay is called the daughter nucleus.
Here is the chemical formula for the reaction that results in the electron capture of the zinc-63 nucleus:
[tex]_A^ZX + e^- = _A^Z_-_1 Y + ye[/tex]
[tex]_3_0^6^3Zn\; + e^- = _2_9^6^3Cu + ye[/tex]
Thus, the daughter nucleus produced when zn63 undergoes electron capture is [tex]_2_9^6^3Cu[/tex].
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Why do the planets in our solar system orbit in approximately the same plane around the sun?
Please Help!!!
You placed 6.35 g of a mixture containing unknown amounts of BaO(s) and MgO(s) in a 3.50-L flask containing CO₂(g) at 30.0°C and 750. torr. The solid BaO and MgO in the flask completely reacted to form BaCO₃(s) and MgCO₃(s), respectively. After the reactions to form BaCO₃(s) and MgCO₃(s) were completed, the pressure of CO₂(g) remaining was 115 torr, still at 30.0°C. Calculate the mass of BaO(s) in the initial mixture in grams. (Assume ideal gas behavior).
By the use of stoichiometry, the mass of BaO in mixture is 0.06475 g.
What is the mass of BaO?From the question;
V = 3.50 LT = 303 K P = 750 torrMass of BaO in the mixture = x grams
Mass of MgO in the mixture = (6.35 - x) grams
Number of moles of CO2 initially present;
PV = nRT
= ((750/760) × 3.50) / 0.0821 × 303
n= 0.139
Number of moles of CO2 at the end;
n= PV /RT
= ((245/760) × 3.5) / 303 × 0.0821
= 0.045 mole
Amount of CO2 reacted;
= 0.139 - 0.045
= 0.044 mole
Now;
amount of reacted CO2 = ( amount of BaO + amount of MgO)
amount of BaO in mixture = x / 153 mole
amount of MgO in mixture = 6.35 - x mole / 40
Hence;
= x/ 153 + 6.35/40 = 0.094
= x/153 + 6.35 / 40 - x/40 = 0.094
= x (1/40 - 1153) = (6.35/40 - 0.094)
= x × 10.018464
= 0.06475 g
Hence, the mass of BaO in mixture is 0.06475 g.
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When a nonmetal bonds with a nonmetal: When a nonmetal bonds with a nonmetal: a molecular compound forms. a covalent bond is involved. electrons are shared. all of the above are true none of the above
When a nonmetal bonds with a nonmetal, a covalent bond is involved. Details about non-metals can be found below.
What is a nonmetal?A nonmetal is an element, such as phosphorus or chlorine, that does not have the chemical or physical properties of a metal.
A metal is known to lose or donate electrons when it goes into a reaction, hence, an electrovalent bond is usually formed.
However, a nonmetal is known to accept or gain electrons when it goes into reactions. This means that when two nonmetals bonds in a chemical reaction, a covalent bond is formed between them.
Covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where two atoms are connected to each other by the sharing of two or more electrons.
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Can someone provide a answer with explanation for this question? Thanks!
Answer:
Explanation:
B
The discreteness of energy levels is best understood by considering the electrons to be?
The discreteness of energy levels is best understood by considering the electrons to be wave like.
This above can be explained on the basis of bohr model and wave mechanical theory.
According to bohr's atomic model, the angular momentum of electron orbiting around the nucleus is an integral multiple of h/2π.
The electron in the atom moving around the nucleus of an atom. The wave mechanical theory proposes that each electron revolving an atom's nucleus occupies a specific orbital and spins in a certain direction, but the orbitals is like a wave of energy.
The wave mechanical model proposed that the electron acts like particles as well as wave of energy. According to the field around, the electron changes there path and they start moving very fast act like wave of energy and hence they are not in place during any particular time.
Thus we concluded that electron revolve around central nucleus at such high speed that they act like wave of energy.
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Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei by carbon-12 nuclei produces californium-246 and neutrons. Write a complete, balanced equation for this nuclear process
Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei by carbon-12 nuclei produces californium-246 and neutrons then the complete, balanced equation for this nuclear process is given a ,
[tex]^{238} _{92}U + ^{12} _{6} C[/tex] → [tex]^{246} _{98} Cf + 4^{1} _{0} n[/tex]
Nuclear fusion reactions are defined as the reaction in which, two or more lighter atoms combine to form a heavier atom. The number of atoms formed in this reaction decreases from the given atoms. The nuclear process is also nuclear fusion.
Example : Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei
Chain reactions are defined as the reaction in which the neutrons that are released in the previous fission reaction act as the starting material in the next reaction. Thus, this process continues to many reactions.
Ionization reaction is defined as the reaction in which an ionic compound dissociates into its ions when dissolved in aqueous solution.
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The human eye has an osmotic pressure of 8. 00 atm at 37. 0 °c. what concentration (in moles/l) of a saline (nacl) solution will provide an isotonic eyedrop solution?
0.3147 concentration (in moles/l) of a saline (NaCl) solution will provide an isotonic eyedrop solution.
Isotonic eye drops
Because it might result in eye discomfort or tissue damage if it is not maintained, isotonicity is regarded as a crucial component of ophthalmic medicines. A few drops of blood are mixed with the test preparation before being examined and judged under a microscope at a magnification of 40. Isotonic solutions are those that have the same amount of water and other solutes in them as the cytoplasm of a cell. Since there is no net gain or loss of water, placing cells in an isotonic solution will not cause them to either shrink or swell.
We can calculate the osmotic pressure exerted by a solution using the following expression.
π = M . R . T
where,
π is the osmotic pressure
M is the molar concentration of the solution
R is the ideal gas constant
T is the absolute temperature
The absolute temperature is 37 + 273 = 310 K
π = M . R . T
8 = (X mol/L) . (0.082atm.L/mol.K) . 310 K = 0.3147 mol/L
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For the reaction ag2s(s) ⇌ 2ag (aq) + s2−(aq). What happens to the equilibrium position if the amount of silver ion is halved?
The equilibrium shifts to the right.
What is Equilibrium law?According to this law, if a process in equilibrium is subjected to change in the factors that affect equilibrium, then the equilibrium shifts in a specific direction which tends to counteract the effect of change imposed.The common ion effect is a result of this lawFactors affecting equilibrium areChange in concentration of reactants or productChange in temperatureChange in pressureAdding an inert gasAccording to this law,
The concentration of the product is decreased and hence, the equilibrium shifts to the right.
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A sample of an unknown gas is found to be non-reactive to flame tests and chemically reactive with limewater and bromothymol blue. Which gas is present in the sample?
The sample of gas that is unreactive to flame tests and chemically reactive with limewater and bromothymol blue is Carbon dioxide.
Flame tests are performed to identify the unknown metals or metalloids. Upon burning on the flame, a compound gives characteristic colour, that helps in identification.
Carbon dioxide extinguishes the flame itself when placed upon it. And it is known to turn the lime water milky when reacts. Carbon dioxide also changes the colour of bromothymol blue. The change in colour is observed due to certain chemical changes like change in pH, formation of carbonic acid and conversion into more acidic form.
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Heat transferred laterally in the atmosphere by horizontal wind movements is a process called?
Answer:
Advection
Explanation:
Advection refers to the process over which heat transferred laterally in the atmosphere by horizontal wind movement.
3) During a chemical reaction, atoms are ________. A) destroyed B) created C) rearranged D) destroyed and created
Answer: C- rearranged
Explanation:
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The theoretical yield of a reaction is 75.0 grams of product and the actual yield is 42.0 grams. What is the percent yield?
The theoretical yield of a reaction is 75.0 grams of product and the actual yield is 42.0 grams. The percent yield of the reaction is 56 %.
What is Theoretical yield and Actual Yield ?The amount can be produced from the correct computation is called Theoretical Yield.
The actual amount which is produced in the experiment is called Actual Yield.
How to calculate the percentage yield ?To calculate the percentage yield use the formula
[tex]\text{Percentage Yield} = \frac{\text{Actual Yield}}{\text{Theoretical Yield}} \times 100 \%[/tex]
Here,
Actual yield = 42 grams
Theoretical yield = 75 grams
Put the value in above expression we get
[tex]\text{Percentage Yield} = \frac{\text{Actual Yield}}{\text{Theoretical Yield}} \times 100 \%[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{42\ g}{75\ g} \times 100 \%[/tex]
= 56 %
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The theoretical yield of a reaction is 75.0 grams of product and the actual yield is 42.0 grams. The percent yield of the reaction is 56 %.
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How does the enthalpy of photosynthesis compare to the
enthalpy of cellular respiration?
The results of photosynthesis are used by cellular respiration, and photosynthesis first uses the results of cellular respiration.
Enthalpy of photosynthesis and cellular respiration:In the mitochondria, cellular respiration combines oxygen and glucose to produce ATP, along with water and carbon dioxide. Sunlight energy is used during photosynthesis to create glucose and separate oxygen from carbon dioxide and water. Globally, the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen during photosynthesis or cellular respiration serves to maintain stable levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Cellular Respiration: [tex]C_6H_1_2O_6+ 6O_2[/tex] → [tex]6CO_2 + 6H_2O[/tex]
Because CO₂ and H₂O are less energetic than the reactants, most notably glucose, the reaction is exothermic and has a negative enthalpy (ΔH < 0). This also makes sense because breathing causes glucose to be converted to energy.
Photosynthesis: [tex]6CO_2 + 6H_2O[/tex]→ [tex]C_6H_1_2O_6+ 6O_2[/tex]
The enthalpy change for the photosynthesis reaction is +2814 kJ/mol.
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A(n) ________ is a fixed number of atoms held together by chemical bonds in a certain spatial arrangement.
Answer:
Molecule
Explanation:
Calculate the molality of a sulfuric acid solution containing 24. 4 g of sulfuric acid in 198 g of water
Answer:
1.26 m
Explanation:
The molality equation looks like this:
Molality = moles solute / mass solvent (kg)
In this case, sulfuric acid is the solute and water is the solvent. To calculate the molality, you need to (1) convert grams solute to moles solute (via molar mass), then (2) convert grams solvent to kilograms solvent, and then (3) calculate the molality.
(Step 1)
Molar Mass (H₂SO₄): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 32.065 g/mol + 4(15.998 g/mol)
Molar Mass (H₂SO₄): 98.073 g/mol
24.4 grams H₂SO₄ 1 mole
----------------------------- x ------------------------ = 0.249 moles H₂SO₄
98.073 grams
(Step 2)
198 grams H₂O 1 kg
------------------------- x ---------------------- = 0.198 kg H₂O
1,000 grams
(Step 3)
Molality = moles solute / mass solvent
Molality = 0.249 moles H₂SO₄ / 0.198 kg H₂O
Molality = 1.26 m
A sample 0. 100 moles of a gas is collected at at stp. What is the volume of the gas in liters?
A sample 0. 100 moles of a gas is collected at at STP . 2.24 is the volume of the gas in liters.
The STP means standard temperature and pressure.
At STP,
Temperature = 0 °C =273 K
Pressure = 1 atm
We get value of volume by using ideal gas equation,
PV = nRT
P is the pressure of the gas = 1 atmV is the volume occupied by the gas = ?n is the number of the moles = 1 moleT is the temperature of the gas = 273 K or 0 °CR universal gas constant = 8.31 J/ mole × KCalculation,
Since, one mole of a gas occupy 22.4 L volume at STP
So, for 0.1 mole volume occupy = 22.4L × 0.1 mole/1 mole = 2.24L
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Write the mass of a neutron without using scientific notation and powers of ten. Include units in your answer.
{not a bot question} {physical science 1110}
The mass of a neutron without using scientific notation and powers of ten. The mass of a neutron is slightly greater than the mass of a proton, which is 1 atomic mass unit (AMU).
Particle Symbol Mass (amu)
proton p+ 1
electron e− 5.45 × 10−4
neutron n0 1
A neutron is an atom with the atomic number 10. Its atomic mass is 20.179, resulting in 10 neutrons and 10 protons in the nucleus, and 10 electrons outside. Neon; Neon, Ne is a colorless noble gas and also the second lightest noble gas. Neutron and proton masses are 1.0087 amu and 1.0073 amu respectively.
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Adding heat to a substance group of answer choices sometimes does not result in a temperature change. always results in a temperature increase. sometimes results in results in a temperature decrease.
Sometimes adding heating of substance set of answer options does not cause a change in temperature. resulting in an increase in temperature every time. results occasionally in a drop in temperature.
A substance's atoms and molecules move more quickly when it is heated. Whether the substance is a solid, liquid, or gas, this occurs. However, the temperature does not always rise when more heating of substance is added. For instance, adding heat to boiling water will not raise its temperature. This occurs when the heating of the substance reaches its boiling point, which is for all vaporizable substances. The average kinetic energy of the molecules will fluctuate when a system gains or loses heat. So long as a phase shift is not taking place, heat transfer causes a change in the system's temperature.
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What locally acting chemicals are derived from arachidonic acid? multiple choice question. peptide hormones prostaglandins corticosteroids neurotransmitters
Prostaglandins locally acting chemicals are derived from arachidonic acid.
What does arachidonic acid produce?
Arachidonic acid is then quickly transformed into active metabolites, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes by cyclooxygenases and leukotrienes by lipoxygenases Page et al (2006). These metabolites' physiological effects are numerous and varied.Is prostaglandins a local hormone?
Prostaglandins are the most diversified group of eicosanoids and are believed to be produced in the majority of bodily tissues. This particular local hormone activates the inflammatory response and pain receptors.What is arachidonic acid found in?
Arachidonic acid can be found mainly in the fatty parts of meats and fish (largely red meat), so vegetarians usually have lower levels of arachidonic acid in the body than those with omnivorous diets. There is a great deal of controversy about arachidonic acid.Learn more about Prostaglandins
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URGENT PLEASE HELP
In an experiment, hydrochloric acid reacted with different volumes of sodium thiosulfate in water. A yellow precipitate was formed during the reaction. A cross drawn at the base of each flask became gradually invisible due the formation of this yellow precipitate. The time taken for the cross to become invisible was recorded. A partial record of the experiment is shown.
Experimental Record
Flask Volume of
HCl Volume of
Sodium Thiosulfate Volume of
Water Time
1 10 mL 10 mL 40 mL 14 seconds
2 10 mL 20 mL 30 mL
3 10 mL 30 mL 20 mL
4 10 mL 40 mL 10 mL
Based on your knowledge of factors that affect the rates of chemical reactions, predict the trend in the last column of the experimental record. Use complete sentences to explain the trend you predicted. You do not have to determine exact values for time; just describe the trend you would expect (increase or decrease) and why it occurs.
The trend will be such that the time taken for the cross to disappear will be increasing.
Rate of reactionsThe rate of reactions is affected by the concentration of reactants. The more concentrated the reactants are, the more the rate of the reaction, and vice versa. This is based on the condition that all other factors are kept constant.
In the illustrated reaction, the volume of sodium thiosulfate decreases downward while the volume of water increases. This means that the sodium thiosulfate gets more diluted as we move downward.
Thus, the reaction rate will keep decreasing. In other words, more time would be needed for the cross to disappear as the concentration of sodium thiosulfate decreases.
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2.04 thermal and chemical change
Explanation:
thermal changes are those in which heat exchange is involved like endothermic and exothermic
while in chemical changes collision between the reactant occurs which result into product
A buffer containing 0.2000 m of acid, ha, and 0.1500 m of its conjugate base, a−, has a ph of 3.35. what is the ph after 0.0015 mol of naoh is added to 0.5000 l of this solution?
After 0.0015 mol of NAOH is added to 0.5000 l of this solution, the pH is 3.37.
StepsFirst, modify the Henderson-Hassle-batch equation to find the acid's pka.
[tex]pH=pka + log\frac{[A]}{[HA]}[/tex]
[tex]pka = pH-log\frac{[A]}{[HA]}[/tex]
[tex]=3.35- log \frac{[0.1500]}{[ 0.2000 ]}[/tex]
[tex]pka =3.47[/tex]
Molarity of the added NaOH.
[tex]M=\frac{mol}{L}[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{0.0015 mol}{ 0.5000L}[/tex]
= 0.003 M
In water, NaOH will dissociate
[tex]NaOH- > Na^{+} + OH^{-}[/tex]
strong base OH will react with HA
HA+ OH --> [tex]H_{2} O[/tex] + A
the reaction also produced A. as, all OH are consumed in the reaction
HA will be decreased by 0.003 M and A will be increased by 0.003 M.
[tex]HA= 0.2000-0.003 \\= 0.1970[/tex]
[tex]A=0.1500+0.003=0.1530 M[/tex]
solving new pH using pka and the new values of [HA] and [A]
[tex]pH=pka + log\frac{[A]}{[HA]}[/tex]
[tex]=3.35 + log\frac{[0.1530]}{[0.1970]}[/tex]
pH=3.37 is the ph after 0.0015 mol of naoh is added to 0.5000 l of this solution
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What is the value of for this aqueous reaction at 298 k? a b↽−−⇀c dδ°=20. 46 kj/mol
The value for this aqueous reaction at 298 k? a b↽−−⇀c dδ°=20. 46 KJ/mol is 9.91 mol. in equilibrium
What is an aqueous reaction in equilibrium?When a chemical reaction happens at the liquid state and the formation of reactant and product is the same then the reaction is known as an aqueous reaction in equilibrium denoted by K.
δG = − R T ln
R = universal gas constant 8.313
δG= 20. 46 kj/mol
T = 298 k or 24.4 in celcius.
substituting the value in the equation.
20. 46 kj/mol = 8.313 × 24.4 in celcius × K
K = 8.313 × 24.4 in celcius / 20. 46 kj/mo
k = 9.91 mol .
Therefore, The value of this aqueous reaction at 298 k? a b↽−−⇀c dδ°=20. 46 KJ/mol is 9.91 mol. in equilibrium
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What type of response to chemical exposure is an immediate or rapid harmful reaction?.
An acute impact is a detrimental reaction to an exposure that occurs immediately or quickly.
A chronic impact is a long-term/permanent result of a single dosage or repeated lesser doses of a toxic drug.
What type of effects occur immediately following a chemical exposure?Acute (short-term) effects appear immediately or shortly after chemical exposure. They might be mild, such as nose or throat discomfort, or serious, such as eye damage or passing out from chemical fumes. All of these effects have one thing in common: they occur immediately.
What are the types of chemical exposure?The many methods in which a person might come into contact with dangerous substances are referred to as exposure routes. There are three primary routes of exposure: inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.
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What are the atomic number and atomic mass number of fluorine atoms with nine protons and ten neutrons
Answer:
Atomic Number = 9
Mass Number = 19
Explanation:
The atomic number is the total amount of protons in an atom's nucleus. Therefore, if a fluorine atom has 9 protons, the atomic number is 9.
The mass number is the total amount of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Therefore, if a fluorine atom has 9 protons and 10 neutrons, the mass number is 19 (9 + 10 = 19).
