Baking soda can extinguish fires because it can decompose to produce water vapor and carbon dioxide, both of which smother the oxygen that fuels combustion. write the equilibrium constant for the reaction, 2NaHCO₃ (s) ⇄ Na₂CO₃ (s) + H₂0 (g) + CO₂ (g)

Although sodium and phosphorus are both found in the same period of the periodic table, the nature of their oxides is different. Although P2O5 is acidic, Na2O is basic.

Metal oxides are basic, whereas non-metal oxides are acidic. The metallic character of the elements lessens as you move from left to right over time, while the non-metallic character grows.

Since the oxides in an element's higher oxidation state are more acidic than those in its lower oxidation state, dinitrogen pentoxide is the most acidic oxide compared to nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen tetraoxide.

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Only 0.516 g of the radioisotope are left after 20 years.

Since these percentages are the same for all isotopes, you may compute them once and apply the results to a variety of issues. The half-life and the initial quantity of radioactive atoms present both affect how much radiation is produced by a radioactive source.

N = N0 * (1/2) (t/T)

where:

N = amount remaining after time t

N0 = initial amount

T = half-life

t = time elapsed

We know that after 4 years, only half of the original sample remains:

2.0 g = 4.0 g * (1/2) (4/T)

Simplifying this equation, we get:

1/2 = (1/2) (4/T)

Taking the logarithm of both sides:

log(1/2) = log[(1/2) (4/T)]

log(1/2) = (4/T) * log(1/2)

Solving for T, we get:

T = 4 / [log(1/2)]

T = 4 / 0.301

T = 13.3 years

Therefore, the half-life of this mystery radioisotope is 13.3 years.

To determine how much of the radioisotope remains after 20 years, we can use the same formula:

N = N0 * (1/2) (t/T)

We now have:

N = 4.0 g * (1/2) (20/13.3)

N = 4.0 g * 0.129

N = 0.516 g

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The element that has chemical properties most similar to sodium is d. rubidium.

What is rubidium?

Rubidium is in the same group (group 1) as sodium in the periodic table and has similar chemical properties, such as reactivity with water and the tendency to form ionic compounds with halogens. Magnesium, oxygen, and phosphorus are not in the same group as sodium and have different chemical properties.

What is periodic table?

The periodic table is a tabular display of all known chemical elements, arranged according to their atomic structure and properties. It is arranged in rows and columns, with elements placed in order of increasing atomic number, which is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. The periodic table is a powerful tool for predicting the chemical behavior of elements and for understanding the relationships between different elements. It is used extensively in chemistry, physics, and other sciences to help understand the properties and behavior of different elements, and to guide research and development in many different fields.

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Answer:

(i) The molar mass of sucrose (C12H22O11) can be calculated by adding the molar masses of the individual atoms:

molar mass of C12H22O11 = 12 x 12.01 + 22 x 1.01 + 11 x 16.00 = 342.3 g/mol

To calculate the number of moles of sucrose in the sample, we divide the mass of the sample by the molar mass:

moles of sucrose = mass of sample / molar mass

moles of sucrose = 5.8 / 342.3

moles of sucrose = 0.0169 mol

Therefore, there are 0.0169 moles of sucrose in the sample.

(ii) To calculate the number of moles of carbon in the sample, we need to determine the number of moles of C atoms present in each molecule of sucrose. Sucrose contains 12 carbon atoms per molecule.

moles of carbon = moles of sucrose x number of carbon atoms per molecule

moles of carbon = 0.0169 x 12

moles of carbon = 0.203 mol

Therefore, there are 0.203 moles of carbon in the sample.

(iii) To calculate the total number of carbon atoms in the sample, we multiply the number of moles of carbon by Avogadro's constant:

number of carbon atoms = moles of carbon x Avogadro's constant

number of carbon atoms = 0.203 x 6.02 x 10^23

number of carbon atoms = 1.22 x 10^23

Therefore, there are approximately 1.22 x 10^23 carbon atoms in the sample of sucrose.

Explanation:

The student expected to get exactly 3.5 grammes of Chromium (III) oxide from adding 1.75 grammes of Chromium trinitrate and 1.75 grammes of Sodium oxide. To create the needed amount of Chromium oxide.

To get the mass per mole, divide the reactant's mass by its molecular weight. As an alternative, we might multiply the millilitres of the reactant solution by the grammes per millilitre of the liquid solution. Next, divide the outcome by the reactant's molar mass.

This is because the chemical equation for the reaction between Chromium trinitrate and Sodium oxide is not balanced to produce Chromium(III) oxide.

2Cr(NO₃)₃ + 3Na₂O → Cr₂O₃ + 6NaNO₃

From this balanced equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of Chromium trinitrate, we need 3 moles of Sodium oxide to produce 1 mole of Chromium(III) oxide. This means that the amounts of Chromium trinitrate and Sodium oxide required to produce 3.5 grams of Chromium(III) oxide are:

Amount of Chromium trinitrate = (2/3) x (3.5 grams / molar mass of Chromium trinitrate) = 1.53 grams

Amount of Sodium oxide = (3/2) x (3.5 grams / molar mass of Sodium oxide) = 2.26 grams

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The molarity of H₂C₂O₄ by using mole concept is 0.1 M when molar mass is 90g mol⁻¹ and 0.02 moles are there.

Molar mass of H₂C₂O₄ = 2 + 24 + 64

                      = 90 g mol⁻¹

No. of moles =  mass/ molar mass

                    = 1.8 / 90 = 1/50

                          = 0.02 moles

Volume of solution = 200 mL

                     = 200 / 1000 L

                                  = 0.2 L

Molarity = Number of moles of solute / Volume of solution in liter

Molarity = 0.02 / 0.2

                       = 1 / 10

                          = 0.1 M

Hence, The molarity of the resultant solution is 0.1 M.

The number of moles of a solute that are dissolved in one liter of a solution is known as its molarity (M). Divide the moles of the solute by the volume of the solution in liters to determine its molarity: Molarity(M)=moles of solute liters of solution=molL

A mole is characterized as how much substance involving similar number of essential substances as the quantity of particles present in an unadulterated example of carbon weighing precisely 12 g or A mole is characterized as how much a substance that contains precisely 6.022 ×10²³ rudimentary elements of the given substance.

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Covalent network system characteristics; They have high melting and boiling temperatures and are highly hard, Strong covalent bonds hold their three-dimensional network structure together.

Positive and negative ions alternately make up ionic crystals. Metal cations are surrounded by a "sea" of movable valence electrons in metallic crystals. Atoms that are covalently bound to one another make up covalent crystals.

An ionic substance can exist in crystal form as an ionic crystal. These are ions bonded by electrostatic attraction into a regular lattice to form solids.

When a crystal forms its lattice-like structure through the usage of covalent bonding, covalent crystals are produced. Atoms form covalent bonds when they share electron pair. Because the covalent bonds are hard to break, they create an extremely robust structure. The minerals quartz, metalloids, and diamond are examples of covalent crystals.

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In 375 grammes of the metal Jurupium, there are 3 moles of the element.

On 1 November 1952, the first thermonuclear explosion, which occurred on a Pacific atoll, left behind debris that contained the element Einsteinium. A neighbouring atoll's fallout material was shipped to Berkeley, California, for analysis. It belongs to the group of elements with atomic number 63 that are numerically squeezed between barium and hafnium. A lanthanide, or europium, is one of those mysterious elements outside the periodic table's core.

Divide the mass of Jurupium by its molar mass to see how many moles there are in 375 grammes of Jurupium metal:

375 g / 125 g/mol = 3 moles

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The right response is an atom with 8 valence electrons, or (c). Because of its stable electron configuration, an atom with an entire octet (8 valence electrons) is not reactive.

Valence electrons range in number from 1 to 8 depending on the element. Bonding: Atoms with 8 valence electrons tend to be more stable. Because they have 8 valence electrons, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon atoms are nonreactive.

The least reactive elements are noble gases. They have eight valence electrons, which fill their outer energy level, and this explains why. Noble gases rarely interact with other elements to form compounds since this is the arrangement of electrons that is the most stable.

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Answer:

The formula for the dissociation constant for a base (Kb) is given by the expression: Kb = [BH+][OH-]/[B], where [BH+] is the concentration of the conjugate acid, [OH-] is the concentration of hydroxide ions and [B] is the concentration of the base. In this case, the base is pyridine (C5H5N), so the formula for its dissociation constant would be: Kb = [C5H5NH+][OH-]/[C5H5N].

Explanation:

The dissociation constant for pyridine, a weak base, is represented by Kb and is calculated using the formula Kb = [C5H5NH+][OH-] / [C5H5N].

The dissociation constant of a weak base, such as pyridine, is represented by Kb. The formula for Kb is given by:

Kb = [C5H5NH+][OH-] / [C5H5N]

Where [C5H5NH+] represents the concentration of the conjugate acid (pyridinium ion), [OH-] represents the concentration of hydroxide ions, and [C5H5N] represents the concentration of pyridine.

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According to the question the mass of CO2 produced in the reaction is 5.60 g.

Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object. It is usually measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g). Mass is different from weight, which is the measure of the gravitational force on an object. Mass is a scalar quantity, meaning it has only magnitude, not direction. Mass is an intrinsic property of an object, meaning it is the same wherever it is measured. Mass is not affected by gravity or location, so it is the same on Earth and in outer space.

a. The mass of CO2 produced in the reaction is 5.60 g.

b. The final temperature inside the vessel after combustion is 632°C.

c. The partial pressure of CO2 and the total pressure in the vessel after combustion are 1.40 atm and 5.40 atm, respectively.

d. The average speed of the CO2 molecules in the vessel after combustion is 1187 m/s.

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Methane, also known as [tex]CH_{4}[/tex], is a substance that has 27% carbon by mass. [tex]C_{3}H_{8}[/tex] is a different molecule that has 27% mass-based carbon.

Carbon has a molar mass of 12.01 g/mol. Finding compounds with molar masses similar to 27 g/mol will help us figure out which chemical has about 27% carbon by mass, as 27% of 27 g/mol is roughly 7.3 g/mol (because 27% is comparable to 0.27).

The chemical [tex]CH_{4}[/tex], which has a molar mass of roughly 16 g/mol, is one that fulfils this definition. We can use the following formula to get the percentage of carbon in [tex]CH_{4}[/tex]:

(Mass of Element / Molar Mass of Compound) x 100% Equals % composition

The % content of carbon in methane is as follows:

Mass of carbon divided by the molar mass of methane yields the percentage of carbon.

% of carbon is equal to (12.01 g/mol / 16.04 g/mol) multiplied by 100.

Carbon content as a percentage: 74.97%

As a result, methane does not contain 27% of its mass in carbon.

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The value of the equilibrium constant Kc or Kp for ((ab)²)/((a₂)(b²))

The equilibrium constant expression for the given chemical reaction is:

Kc = [(ab)²] / [(a₂)(b²)]

where Kc is the equilibrium constant.

Let's assume that the gases have partial pressures of p(ab), p(a2), and p(b). Then, the equilibrium constant expression can be written as:

Kp = [(p(ab))²] / [(p(a₂))(p(b²))]

Now, we can use the ideal gas law to relate the partial pressures to the number of moles of each gas:

p(ab) = (n(ab) * RT) / V

p(a2) = (n(a2) * RT) / V

p(b) = (n(b) * RT) / V

where n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and V is the volume.

Substituting these expressions into the equilibrium constant expression, we get:

Kp = [(n(ab) * RT / V)²] / [(n(a₂) * RT / V) * (n(b) * RT / V)²]

Simplifying, we get:

Kp = (n(ab)² / n(a₂) * n(b)²) * (RT / V)²

We can rewrite the expression in terms of the number of moles of the reactants and products, as:

Kp = ([ab]² / [a₂] * [b]²) * (RT / P)²

where [ab], [a₂], and [b] are the molar concentrations of the reactants and products, and P is the total pressure of the gases.

Therefore, the value of the equilibrium constant Kc or Kp for ((ab)²)/((a₂)(b²)) can be calculated using the above expression. However, the specific numerical value of Kc or Kp will depend on the temperature and pressure conditions of the reaction.

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Answer:

Biotechnology has had a significant impact on farming. More than 17 million farmers around the world have turned to biotechnology to increase crop production, prevent pest damage, and reduce the impact of farming on the environment. Advances in biotechnology have opened up new options for farmers responding to market needs and environmental challenges. Products and technologies created through biotechnology benefit consumers in a range of areas, such as improved nutritional value in foods, lower food costs, reduced pesticide use, and less reliance on petroleum.

Explanation:

Answer:I think it’s c hopefully okay.

Explanation:

Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction, Lewis acid base reaction, Lewis acid-base reaction, and Arrhenius acid-base reaction and Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction are some examples of acid-base reactions.

Lewis acidity and basicity are based on the sharing of an electron pair, unlike the Brnsted-Lowry and Arrhenius classifications, which are based on the transfer of protons. Lewis bases can give away an electron pair, whereas Lewis acids can absorb one.

Nitric acid, hydrobromic acid, and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) are further Arrhenius acids. (HNO3). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide are examples of Arrhenius bases. (KOH).

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Answer:

Explanation:

1

Locate the parentheses after the chemical formula, whether or not it is within the context of an equation.

2

Identify the parentheses as (s) for solid, (l) for liquid, (g) for gas, or (aq) for aqueous solution. An aqueous solution is a substance dissolved in water.

3

If no parentheses follow the chemical formula, look for key words or phrases. These are especially helpful in the context of chemical reactions. For example, a precipitate is a solid, a combustion reaction produces water and carbon dioxide in their gaseous forms, and in solubility experiments, ions are in aqueous solution.

The amount of propane consumed is 8.30 L. (to three significant figures).

The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane is:

C₃H₈ + 5O2 → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

According to the equation, 4 moles of water are produced for every mole of propane that is burned.

Let's start by calculating the theoretical yield of water vapor:

If 4 moles of water are produced per mole of propane, then the number of moles of propane burned can be calculated as:

n(propane) = n(water vapor) / 4

n(propane) = (50.0 L) / (24.45 L/mol) / 4

n(propane) = 0.510 mol

Now use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of propane that was burned:

PV = nRT

Assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP):

P = 1 atm

V = ?

n = 0.510 mol

R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K

T = 273 K

Solving for V:

V = nRT/P

V = (0.510 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(273 K) / (1 atm)

V = 11.0 L

However, the volume of water collected represents only 75.5% of the theoretical yield, so the actual volume of propane burned is:

V(actual) = V(theoretical) x (% yield/100)

V(actual) = (11.0 L) x (75.5/100)

V(actual) = 8.30 L

Therefore, the volume of propane burned is 8.30 L (to three significant figures).

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The percentage yield of CO₂ is 43.5%.

First, we need to determine the theoretical yield of CO₂ that should be produced from the given amount of CH₃OH and O₂ :

1. Write the balanced chemical equation:

CH₃OH + O₂ → CO₂ + H2O

2. Determine the limiting reactant:

We need to compare the moles of CH₃OH and O₂ to see which one is limiting the reaction. The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of CH3OH reacts with 1 mole of O₂  to produce 1 mole of CO2.

Moles of CH₃OH = 6.40 g / 32.04 g/mol = 0.20 mol

Moles of O₂  = 10.2 g / 32.00 g/mol = 0.32 mol

Since we need an equal amount of CH₃OH and O₂ , and we have more moles of O₂ , O₂  is the limiting reactant.

Calculate the theoretical yield of CO2:

From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of O₂  produces 1 mole of CO2. Therefore, the number of moles of CO2 produced is equal to the number of moles of O₂ :

Moles of CO2 = 0.32 mol

Mass of CO2 = Moles of CO2 × Molar mass of CO2

= 0.32 mol × 44.01 g/mol

= 14.08 g

So the theoretical yield of CO2 is 14.08 g.

Calculate the percentage yield:

Actual yield = 6.12 g

Theoretical yield = 14.08 g

Percentage yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) × 100%

= (6.12 g / 14.08 g) × 100%

= 43.5%

Therefore, the percentage yield of CO2 is 43.5%.

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The mass of Butane required to completely react to produce 8.70 mol of Carbon dioxide is 126.51 g.

Similarly, 1 mole of carbon dioxide is 44 gm as Carbon dioxide (12 gm + (2 x 16gm) = 44 gm. So, from the above two observations, it is clear that 16 gm of methane when burns completely in excess of air it forms 44 gm of carbon dioxide. In light of this, 44/16 x 8 = 22 gm of carbon dioxide will be produced from 8 gm of methane.

2 Butane(g) + 13 Oxygen(g) ---> 8 Carbon dioxide(g) + 10 Water(g)

2 mol Butane/ 8 mol Carbon dioxide = x mol Butane/ 8.70 mol Carbon dioxide

x mol Butane= (2 mol Butane/ 8 mol Carbon dioxide) x (8.70 mol Carbon dioxide) = 2.175 mol Butane

Convert the number of moles of Butane to grams:

To convert from moles to grams, we need to use the molar mass of Butane, which is 58.12 g/mol:

Number of moles times molar mass = mass of butane

Mass of Butane= 2.175 mol x 58.12 g/mol

Mass of Butane= 126.51 g

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Answer:

The molarity of H2C2O4 in the given solution is 0.222 M

Explanation:

To find the molarity of H2C2O4, we need to know the number of moles of H2C2O4 present in a given volume of its solution. We can use the following formula to calculate the molarity:

Molarity (M) = Number of moles of solute ÷ Volume of solution in liters

To calculate the number of moles of H2C2O4, we need to know the mass of H2C2O4 present and its molar mass. The molar mass of H2C2O4 is:

Molar mass of H2C2O4 = (2 x Atomic mass of H) + (2 x Atomic mass of C) + (4 x Atomic mass of O) = (2 x 1.01 g/mol) + (2 x 12.01 g/mol) + (4 x 16.00 g/mol) = 90.04 g/mol

Suppose we have 5.0 g of H2C2O4 in 250 mL of its solution. First, we need to convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters:

Volume of solution = 250 mL = 0.250 L

Next, we can use the following formula to calculate the number of moles of H2C2O4 in the solution:

Number of moles of H2C2O4 = Mass of H2C2O4 ÷ Molar mass of H2C2O4

Number of moles of H2C2O4 = 5.0 g ÷ 90.04 g/mol = 0.05553 mol

Now, we can use the formula for molarity to calculate the molarity of H2C2O4:

Molarity (M) = Number of moles of solute ÷ Volume of solution in liters

Molarity (M) = 0.05553 mol ÷ 0.250 L = 0.222 M

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Because the speed limit sign is in kilometres per hour and the driver is accustomed to miles per hour, no other cars are passing too quickly. The permitted speed is roughly 62 mph.

A regulatory sign is the speed limit sign. The purpose of speed limit signs is to inform drivers of the legal maximum and minimum speeds that are required of them. Drivers are not permitted to go over the limit stated by the sign.

When approaching or passing a troop, police, or military procession, or when driving past construction workers fixing roads, a motor vehicle's driver must travel at a pace of no more than 25 kph.

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The reaction is neutralization reaction and the pH after addition of 10.0 mL of NaOH is 4.87.

By neutralising a process in water, surplus hydrogen or hydroxide ions are removed from the solution.

Neutralization reactions are quite useful in daily life. The following applications are significant ones:It is imperative to treat wastewater before it harms the environment, and this can only be done by using the right chemical reagents to neutralise the wastewater's strong base.In the form of antacid tablets or gels, which provide relief from acidity brought on by gastric acid in the stomach, they are frequently used in daily life.

[tex]n(H3O+) = 1.8 * 10^-^5 mol/L × 0.030 L - 0.001 mol = 5.4 * 10^-^7 mol[/tex]

The total volume of the solution is now 30.0 mL + 10.0 mL = 40.0 mL = 0.040 L. Therefore, the concentration of H3O+ is:

[tex][H3O+] = n(H3O+) / V(total) = 5.4 * 10^-^7 mol / 0.040 L = 1.35 * 10^-^5 mol/L[/tex]

Taking the negative logarithm of the concentration gives the pH:

[tex]pH = -log[H3O^+] = -log(1.35 * 10^-^5) = 4.87[/tex]

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Molecules are in constant motion due to their thermal energy, which is related to their temperature.

As the molecules move faster, they are more likely to overcome the intermolecular forces that hold them together, causing them to break apart and become less cohesive. This can cause a solid to melt into a liquid, or a liquid to evaporate into a gas.

In summary, heating a substance increases the kinetic energy of its molecules, causing them to move faster, collide with one another with greater force, and spread apart from each other, resulting in an increase in volume and thermal expansion.

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9.162 moles of methane gas will combust to produce 330 grams of water.

The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane (CH₄) in the presence of oxygen (O₂) to produce water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) is:

CH₄ + 2O₂ -> CO₂ + 2H₂O

From the equation, we can see that one mole of methane produces two moles of water.

The molar mass of water (H₂O) is approximately 18.015 g/mol. Therefore, 330 g of water is equivalent to 330/18.015 ≈ 18.324 moles of water.

Since one mole of methane produces two moles of water, the number of moles of methane required to produce 18.324 moles of water is half that value, or 9.162 moles.

Therefore, the answer is:

9.162 moles of CH₄ (to 4 significant figures)

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The volume (in mL) of 0.100 M Na₂CO₃ needed to produce 1.00 g of CaCO₃ is 100 mL

First, we shall determine the mole in 1.00 g of CaCO₃. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of CaCO₃ = 1 / 100.09

Mole of CaCO₃ = 0.01 mole

Next, we shall obtain the mole of Na₂CO₃. Details below:

Na₂CO₃ + CaCl₂ -> 2NaCl + CaCO₃

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of CaCO₃ were obtained from 1 mole of Na₂CO₃

Therefore,

0.01 moles of CaCO₃ will also be obtain from 0.01 mole of Na₂CO₃

Finally, we shall determine the volume of Na₂CO₃ needed. Details below:

Volume = mole / molarity

Volume of Na₂CO₃ = 0.01 / 0.1

Volume of Na₂CO₃ = 0.1 L

Multiply by 1000 to express in mL

Volume of Na₂CO₃ = 0.1  1000 =

Volume of Na₂CO₃ = 100 mL

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Therefore, the pH of the buffer solution after adding 0.004 mol of KOH is 3.71.

The given solution is a buffer solution consisting of a weak acid (HF) and its conjugate base (F-) in the form of its salt (NaF). To find the pH of this buffer, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]). where pKa is the dissociation constant of the weak acid, [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base, and [HA] is the concentration of the weak acid.

The pKa of HF is 3.17.

a) pH of the buffer solution:

[tex][HA] = 0.25 M\\[A^-] = 0.50 M\\pKa = 3.17\\pH = 3.17 + log(0.50/0.25)\\pH = 3.52[/tex]

pH of the buffer solution is 3.52.

b) Effect of adding 0.002 mol of HNO3:

HNO3 is a strong acid and will react with the weak base (F-) in the buffer to form the weak acid (HF). This will decrease the concentration of F- and increase the concentration of HF, which will shift the buffer towards the acidic side. To calculate the new pH of the buffer, we need to calculate the new concentrations of HF and [tex]F^-.[/tex]

0.002 mol of HNO3 will react completely with [tex]F^-.[/tex] forming HF:

[tex]HNO_3 + F^- -- > HF + NO_3^-[/tex]

Since the initial concentration of [tex]F^-[/tex] was 0.50 M and 0.002 mol of F^- was consumed, the new concentration of [tex]F^-[/tex] is:

[tex][F^-] = 0.50 - 0.002 = 0.498 M[/tex]

The new concentration of HF is:

[tex][HF] = 0.25 + 0.002 = 0.252 M[/tex]

Now we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation again to calculate the new pH:

[tex]pH = pKa + log([A^-]/[HA])\\pH = 3.17 + log(0.498/0.252)\\pH = 3.32[/tex]

Therefore, the pH of the buffer solution after adding 0.002 mol of HNO3 is 3.32.

c) Effect of adding 0.004 mol of KOH:

KOH is a strong base and will react with the weak acid (HF) in the buffer to form the weak base (F-). This will decrease the concentration of HF and increase the concentration of F-, which will shift the buffer towards the basic side. To calculate the new pH of the buffer, we need to calculate the new concentrations of HF and F-.

0.004 mol of KOH will react completely with HF, forming F-:

KOH + HF → KF + H2O

Since the initial concentration of HF was 0.25 M and 0.004 mol of HF was consumed, the new concentration of HF is:

[HF] = 0.25 - 0.004 = 0.246 M

The new concentration of F- is:

[F-] = 0.50 + 0.004 = 0.504 M

Now we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation again to calculate the new pH:

[tex]pH = pKa + log([A^-]/[HA])\\pH = 3.17 + log(0.504/0.246)\\pH = 3.71[/tex]

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The correct option is B. CaBr2 + 2Na → 2NaBr + Ca because In option B, the reactants CaBr2 and Na are both metals with similar reactivities.

Exothermic reactions release energy and are defined as producing products with higher stability (lower energy) than the reactants. The exothermic reaction that happens during a fire and releases energy in the form of heat and light is the combustion reaction.

In terms of reactivity, the metals that are listed in the periodic table's lower left corner are the most active. Lithium, sodium, and potassium, for instance, all interact with water.

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Question:

Based on the reactivities of the elements involved, which reaction will form products that are more stable than the reactants?

A. 2AlBr3 + 3Zn → 3ZnBr2 + 2Al

B. CaBr2 + 2Na → 2NaBr + Ca

C. MgBr2 + H2 → 2HBr + Mg

D. BaBr2 + Ca → CaBr2 + Ba

E. 2LiBr + Ba → BaBr2 + 2Li