A. Greater than one
In economics, demand is considered to be elastic when the coefficient of price elasticity of demand is greater than one. Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price.
When the price elasticity of demand is greater than one (elastic demand), it means that a change in price will result in a relatively larger percentage change in quantity demanded. In other words, consumers are highly responsive to price changes, and a small increase in price will lead to a significant decrease in quantity demanded, or vice versa.
Elastic demand indicates that consumers are sensitive to price changes and have many alternatives or substitutes available. When the price increases, consumers can easily switch to other similar products or reduce their consumption. Conversely, when the price decreases, consumers may significantly increase their demand for the product.
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how you think economics impacts you directly. Provide 1-2
examples.
Economics impacts individuals directly through various aspects of their lives, such as their purchasing power, employment opportunities, and the availability of goods and services. Here are a couple of examples.
Economics plays a significant role in shaping our daily lives and has a direct impact on individuals in several ways. One example is through the cost of living and purchasing power. Economic factors, such as inflation, can affect the prices of goods and services, influencing how much individuals can afford and their overall standard of living. For instance, if inflation is high, the prices of essential items may increase, making it more challenging for individuals to meet their basic needs.
Another example is the impact of economics on employment opportunities. Economic conditions, such as recessions or expansions, can affect the availability of jobs and the overall job market. During periods of economic downturn, individuals may face challenges in finding employment, while during economic growth, job opportunities may be more abundant.
Additionally, economics influences factors like interest rates, taxation policies, and government spending, which can have direct consequences for individuals in terms of their savings, investments, and overall financial well-being. Therefore, understanding economics and its implications can help individuals make informed decisions about their personal finances, career choices, and consumption patterns.
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Clockworks Co. reports the following data for the current year: Units sold... 1,200 Unit sales price...... $30 Unit variable cost.. $10 Total fixed cost... $18,000 Required: Calculate Clockworks' pretax income.
To calculate Clockworks Co.'s pretax income, we need to determine the total contribution margin and subtract the total fixed costs. The contribution margin is the difference between the unit sales price and the unit variable cost. Clockworks Co.'s pretax income for the current year is $6,000.
Contribution margin per unit = Unit sales price - Unit variable cost
Contribution margin per unit = $30 - $10
Contribution margin per unit = $20
Total contribution margin = Contribution margin per unit * Units sold
Total contribution margin = $20 * 1,200
Total contribution margin = $24,000
Pretax income = Total contribution margin - Total fixed costs
Pretax income = $24,000 - $18,000
Pretax income = $6,000
Therefore, Clockworks Co.'s pretax income for the current year is $6,000.
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A borrower and a lender agree on a $280,000 loan at 7 percent interest. An amortization schedule of 25 years has been agreed on; however, the lender has the option to "call" the loan after five years.
Required:
If called, how much will have to be paid by the borrower at the end of five years? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to 2 decimal places.)
To calculate the amount that needs to be paid by the borrower at the end of five years if the loan is called, we need to determine the remaining balance on the loan after five years.
Using an amortization schedule, we can calculate the monthly payment for a 25-year loan with a $280,000 principal amount and a 7% interest rate. Using the formula for the monthly payment on an amortizing loan:
Monthly payment = P * r * (1 + r)^n / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
where P is the principal amount, r is the monthly interest rate (annual rate divided by 12), and n is the total number of payments (25 years multiplied by 12 months).
Calculating the monthly payment:
P = $280,000
r = 7% / 12 = 0.58333% (decimal value)
n = 25 * 12 = 300
Monthly payment = 280000 * 0.0058333 * (1 + 0.0058333)^300 / ((1 + 0.0058333)^300 - 1) = $1,952.93
Now, we need to calculate the remaining balance after five years. Using the formula for the remaining balance on an amortizing loan after a certain number of payments:
Remaining balance = P * ((1 + r)^n - (1 + r)^m) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
where P is the principal amount, r is the monthly interest rate, n is the total number of payments, and m is the number of payments made (5 years multiplied by 12 months).
Calculating the remaining balance after five years:
P = $280,000
r = 7% / 12 = 0.58333% (decimal value)
n = 25 * 12 = 300
m = 5 * 12 = 60
Remaining balance = 280000 * ((1 + 0.0058333)^300 - (1 + 0.0058333)^60) / ((1 + 0.0058333)^300 - 1) = $245,178.94
Therefore, if the loan is called after five years, the borrower will have to pay a remaining balance of $245,178.94.
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The classic agency model is characterized by the principal agent relationship, in which the principal hires one or more agents to perform some task on his or her behalf. The model is based on one important assumption about three aspects of the behaviour of the principal and the agents. Even if this assumption is met, there is a potential agency problemn, known as goal incongruence, when the goals of the agents are not aligned with the goals of the principal.
a. State and briefly explain the assumption about the three aspects of the behaviour of the principal and the agents in the agency model. (6 marks) b. What results-based approach can be used to align the goal of the agents and the principal in both the short-term and long term? Provide examples.
a. The classic agency model is characterized by the principal-agent relationship, in which the principal hires one or more agents to perform some task on his or her behalf.
The model is based on one important assumption about three aspects of the behavior of the principal and the agents: the rationality of the principal and the agents, the alignment of interests between the principal and the agents, and the symmetry of information.
The first assumption, which is the rationality of the principal and the agents, implies that both the principal and the agents are capable of making rational decisions that maximize their own self-interests.
They can do this without considering the other party's goals or the overall welfare of the organization.
The second assumption, which is the alignment of interests between the principal and the agents, suggests that the interests of the principal and the agents are naturally aligned.
The third assumption, which is the symmetry of information, assumes that both the principal and the agents have access to the same information.
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Lynda intends to give scholarship worth RM7500 every year for 5 years. How much must she deposit now into an account that pays 8% per annum to provide this scholarship? Danial is investing RM500 at the end of every three months in a scheme which pays an interest of 7% compounded quarterly. The accumulated amount at the end of five years will be enough for down payment of a new house. What is the value of this down payment? What will be the amount of interest earned in the scheme?
Lynda intends to give scholarships worth RM7500 every year for 5 years. She needs to find the amount that must be deposit now into an account that pays 8% per annum to provide this scholarship.
The deposit required for the scholarship is given by the present value of an annuity formula which is given by:[tex]P = A * [(1 - (1+i)^-n)/i][/tex] Where P is the present value of the annuity, A is the annuity payment, i is the interest rate per period and n is the total number of periods.For the given problem, A = RM7500, n = 5 years and i = 8% per annum = 0.08/1 [tex]= 0.08P = 7500 * [(1 - (1+0.08)^-5)/0.08]= RM29,252.55[/tex]
Therefore, Lynda must deposit RM29,252.55 in the account that pays 8% per annum to provide scholarships for 5 years. Danial is investing RM500 at the end of every three months in a scheme that pays an interest of 7% compounded quarterly. The accumulated amount at the end of five years will be enough for down payment of a new house. We have to find the value of this down payment.
For compound interest calculations, we use the formula:[tex]FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)[/tex]whereFV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year and t is the time in years. For the given problem, PV = 0, FV = down payment = ?, r = 7% per annum = 0.07/4 = 0.0175 (interest rate per quarter) and t = 5 years = 20 quartersThe future value after five years can be calculated as:FV = [tex]PV * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)= 0 * (1 + 0.0175/1)^(1*20) + 500 * ((1 + 0.0175/1)^(1*19) + (1 + 0.0175/1)^(1*18) + ... + (1 + 0.0175/1)^(1*1) + (1 + 0.0175/1)^(1*0))= RM28,138.26[/tex]
Therefore, the value of the down payment is RM28,138.26.The amount of interest earned in the scheme is calculated as the difference between the future value and the total invested amount. Danial invested RM500 every quarter for five years, i.e. a total of 20 quarters. Therefore, the total invested amount is: Total Invested Amount = 500 * 20 = RM10,000The amount of interest earned is given by the difference between the future value and the total invested amount:Interest Earned = FV - Total Invested Amount= RM28,138.26 - RM10,000= RM18,138.26Therefore, the amount of interest earned in the scheme is RM18,138.26.
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Which of the following is correct? a. An increase in the money supply causes the interest rate to decrease so that aggregate demand shifts left. b. An increase in stock prices reduces consumption spending so that aggregate demand shifts left. c. An increase in the price level causes the exchange rate to rise so that aggregate demand shifts left. d. A recession in other countries reduces U.S. net exports so that U.S. aggregate demand shifts left. Since the end of World War II, the U.S. has almost always had rising prices and an upward trend in real GDP. To explain this a. it is only necessary that long-run aggregate supply shifts right over time. b. it is only necessary that aggregate demand shifts right over time. c. both aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply must be shifting right and aggregate demand must be shifting farther. d. None of the above cases would produce rising prices and growing real GDP over time. People had been expecting the price level to be 140 but it turns out to be 138. Johnson Family Restaurants increases the number of workers it employs. What could explain this? a. both sticky price theory and sticky wage theory b. sticky price theory but not sticky wage theory c. sticky wage theory but not sticky price theory d. neither sticky wage theory nor sticky price theory Scenario 1 Optimism Imagine that the economy is in long-run equilibrium. Then, perhaps because of improved international relations and increased confidence in policy makers, people become more optimistic about the and stay this way for some time. Refer to Scenario 1 Optimism. Which curve shifts and in which direction? a. aggregate demand shifts right b. aggregate demand shifts left c. aggregate supply shifts right. d. aggregate supply shifts left. If money demand shifted to the right and the Federal Reserve desired to return the interest rate original value, it could
1. Which the following is ? b. An increase in stock prices reduces consumption spending so that aggregate demand shifts left.
2. Since the end of World War II, the U.S. has almost always had rising prices and an upward trend in real GDP. To explain this:
c. both aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply must be shifting right and aggregate demand must be shifting farther.
3. People had been expecting the price level to be 140 but it turns out to be 138. Johnson Family Restaurants increases the number of workers it employs. What could explain this? d. neither sticky wage theory nor sticky price theory
4. Scenario 1: Optimism
a. aggregate demand shifts right
5. If money demand shifted to the right and the Federal Reserve desired to return the interest rate to its original value, it could: The is not provided in the given s.
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Ethical Dilemmas in Protecting Individual Rights Versus Public
Protection in the Case of Infectious Diseases. What do you think
about this?
The ethical dilemmas surrounding protecting individual rights versus public protection in the case of infectious diseases are complex and require careful consideration. Here are a few perspectives to consider:
Balancing Individual Rights: Individual rights, such as personal autonomy and privacy, are important values in society. However, in the context of infectious diseases, there may be circumstances where individual rights conflict with the need to protect public health. For example, during a pandemic, measures like quarantine, contact tracing, or mandatory vaccinations may infringe on individual freedoms. Balancing these rights becomes crucial to ensure both individual well-being and public safety.
Public Health Responsibility: Governments and health authorities have a responsibility to protect public health and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. They are entrusted with implementing measures that prioritize the welfare of the entire population. This may involve enacting policies that limit individual freedoms temporarily, such as lockdowns or travel restrictions, to curb the spread of diseases and save lives.
Utilitarian Approach: One ethical perspective is utilitarianism, which focuses on maximizing overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people. In the context of infectious diseases, this approach would argue for prioritizing public protection over individual rights when the measures taken lead to the overall reduction of harm and better health outcomes for the majority.
Ethical Guidelines and Proportional Measures: It is essential that any actions taken to protect public health are grounded in ethical guidelines and principles. Measures should be proportionate, evidence-based, transparent, and subject to regular review. Respecting individual rights should be a guiding principle in crafting and implementing public health interventions, ensuring that restrictions are necessary, reasonable, and proportionate to the threat posed by the infectious disease.
Communication and Trust: Open and transparent communication is vital in managing ethical dilemmas related to individual rights and public protection. Engaging with communities, providing accurate information, addressing concerns, and building trust can help in striking a balance between individual rights and public health measures. This enables individuals to make informed decisions and fosters cooperation in implementing necessary interventions.
In conclusion, the ethical dilemmas arising from protecting individual rights versus public protection in the case of infectious diseases require careful deliberation. Striking a balance between individual rights and public health measures necessitates a comprehensive approach that considers ethical principles, evidence-based strategies, proportional actions, and open communication with the aim of safeguarding both individual well-being and public safety.
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Stephania Rizzuto borrowed $21000 from her employer's plan. When she left her employer inMay 2021, the loan had an outstanding balance 0f $7000. Without regard to the loan, her account had a balance of $42000. She requested a total distribution from the plan. The amount was to be directy deposited to her checking account. She received the form 1099-R reporting her distribution. What amount was directly deposited to Stephania's checking account when she recieved the total distribution
The amount that was directly deposited to Stephania's checking account when she received the total distribution was $35000.
Calculation steps:
Stephania Rizzuto borrowed $21000 from her employer's plan and left her employer in May 2021, when the loan had an outstanding balance of $7000. Without regard to the loan, her account had a balance of $42000.Therefore, the total distribution was the sum of the outstanding loan balance and the account balance ($7,000 + $42,000 = $49,000). Hence, Stephania received the remaining $35,000 ($49,000 - $14,000) as a total distribution, which was directly deposited into her checking account.
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Given that Stephania Rizzuto borrowed $21000 from her employer's plan.
When she left her employer in May 2021, the loan had an outstanding balance of $7000. Without regard to the loan, her account had a balance of $42000. She requested a total distribution from the plan. The amount was to be directly deposited to her checking account. She received the form 1099-R reporting her distribution.
We need to determine the amount that was directly deposited to Stephania's checking account when she received the total distribution.The amount that was directly deposited to Stephania's checking account when she received the total distribution is:$42,000 - $7,000 = $35,000
The total amount deposited into her checking account is $35,000 as $35,000 is the difference between the balance she had in her account and the outstanding loan balance.
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does IFRS give control to the holder of potential voting rights? If so then how does the accounting
standard assist an investor to if they hold protective rights. If not then why not?
Yes, International Financial Reporting Standards IASB (IFRS) give control to the holder of potential voting rights. The accounting standard assists an investor if they hold protective rights as well. Let's discuss these concepts in more detail below.IFRS gives control to the holder of potential voting.
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) help in determining if an investor controls an entity. Control means the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity to obtain benefits from its activities. An investor can control an entity through voting rights, potential voting rights, or both.
An investor controls an entity if it has both power over the investee and exposure to or rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee.IFRS 10 defines potential voting rights as the right to obtain voting rights at the present or in the future. IFRS 10 includes an assessment of potential voting rights in the evaluation of control.
It recognizes that certain arrangements may give rise to potential voting rights that affect control over an investee. For example, the existence of convertible debt, options, or warrants that could be converted into voting equity instruments in the future, may give rise to potential voting rights.
The accounting standard assists an investor with protective rightsAn investor with protective rights has the right to approve or veto specific actions by the investee. The entity is not controlled by an investor with protective rights because the investor cannot direct the activities of the entity. Therefore, the investor with protective rights is not required to consolidate the investee in their financial statements.In conclusion.
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If the marginal propensity to consume is .75 (or 75%), which of the following is true?
Group of answer choices
Equal increases in government spending and in taxes will reduce aggregate demand.
A $100 increase in government spending could increase aggregate demand by a maximum of $300.
The spending multiplier and the tax multiplier are both equal to 4.
The spending multiplier will be 4, and the tax multiplier will be 5.
A $50 increase in taxes could decrease aggregate demand by a maximum of $150.
If the marginal propensity to consume is 75 (or 75%), a $100 increase in government spending could increase aggregate demand by a maximum of $300.
The correct option is B. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) refers to the fraction of any additional income that is spent. The marginal propensity to consume is the slope of the consumption line, which shows the direct relationship between household income and household consumption. It shows how much of each extra dollar earned will be spent on consumption.
The multiplier is the ratio of the overall impact on aggregate demand to the initial change in autonomous spending. The spending multiplier is determined by dividing 1 by the marginal propensity to save (MPS).
The tax multiplier, on the other hand, is calculated by multiplying the spending multiplier by the MPC.
The equation for calculating the spending multiplier is: Spending Multiplier = 1 / (1 - MPC)Given that the MPC is 0.75, the spending multiplier can be calculated as: Spending Multiplier = 1 / (1 - 0.75)Spending Multiplier = 4Thus, a $100 increase in government spending could increase aggregate demand by a maximum of $300 by utilizing the spending multiplier.
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list some examples of tariff barriers associated with international trade?
Tariffs are taxes on imported goods that are intended to raise their price to make them less appealing to buyers than domestically produced goods. Tariffs are a type of trade barrier used by governments to regulate international trade. They are one of the most common trade barriers associated with international trade. Here are some examples of tariff barriers associated with international trade.
Tariffs are one of the most common trade barriers associated with international trade. Tariffs are taxes on imported goods that are intended to raise their price to make them less appealing to buyers than domestically produced goods. Tariffs are often used to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Tariffs can take many forms, including ad valorem tariffs, specific tariffs, and compound tariffs. Ad valorem tariffs are taxes levied as a percentage of the value of the imported goods. These tariffs are often used to raise revenue for the government and to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Specific tariffs are taxes levied on a per-unit basis. They are often used to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Compound tariffs are a combination of ad valorem and specific tariffs. They are often used to raise revenue for the government and to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Tariffs can have both positive and negative effects on the economy. On the one hand, they can protect domestic industries and generate revenue for the government. On the other hand, they can raise prices for consumers and lead to retaliation from other countries.
In conclusion, tariffs are an important tool used by governments to regulate international trade. They can have both positive and negative effects on the economy. It is important for policymakers to carefully consider the costs and benefits of tariffs before implementing them.
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Which of the following is an ethical theory with the idea of maximizing the overall welfare of society at its core? Stakeholder Theory Utilitarianism Moral Relativism Kantian Ethics Question 12 1 pts Which of the following is an ethical theory that has at its core the idea of respect for persons? Egoism Utilitarianism O Moral Relativism Kantian Ethics Stockholder Theory O Egoism
The ethical theory with the idea of maximizing the overall welfare of society at its core is Utilitarianism. On the other hand, the ethical theory that has at its core the idea of respect for persons is Kantian Ethics.
Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that focuses on maximizing overall happiness or welfare for the greatest number of people. It emphasizes the consequences of actions and aims to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number. In Utilitarianism, the ethical decision is based on the calculation of utility or happiness, and the action that produces the most favorable outcomes for society is considered morally right.
Kantian Ethics, on the other hand, is an ethical theory developed by Immanuel Kant that places importance on the inherent dignity and worth of individuals. It emphasizes respect for persons and holds that individuals should be treated as ends in themselves, rather than means to an end. According to Kant, moral actions are guided by the categorical imperative, which states that individuals should act in a way that they would want their actions to become universal law.
In summary, Utilitarianism is an ethical theory focused on maximizing overall welfare, while Kantian Ethics emphasizes respect for persons and the intrinsic value of individuals. Utilitarianism considers the consequences of actions, aiming for the greatest happiness, while Kantian Ethics emphasizes the importance of treating individuals as ends in themselves, with dignity and respect.
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.Risha, Tisha, and Patricia form 3Rish LLC.
Risha contributes $20 cash.
Tisha contributes property (AB=4; FMV=20).
Patricia services worth 20.
Each receives a 1/3 membership interest. Tisha also receives $5.
Who recognizes ordinary income?
Who recognizes capital gain?
In the given scenario, Patricia recognizes ordinary income for the services she contributes to 3Rish LLC. Since she provides services worth $20, this amount is considered ordinary income.
Risha contributes $20 cash:
Since Risha contributes cash, there is no ordinary income or capital gain recognition for Risha.
Tisha contributes property (AB=4; FMV=20):
Tisha contributes property with an adjusted basis (AB) of $4 and a fair market value (FMV) of $20. Tisha recognizes a potential capital gain on the property contribution. The capital gain would be the difference between the FMV and the AB, which in this case is $20 - $4 = $16.
Patricia provides services worth $20:
Patricia provides services worth $20. This does not result in any immediate income recognition as it is considered a contribution of services.
Each receives a 1/3 membership interest:
As each member receives a 1/3 membership interest, their share of income or gains will be allocated accordingly in future years based on the operating results of the LLC.
Tisha also receives $5:
The receipt of $5 by Tisha is considered a distribution or withdrawal from the LLC's available funds. It is not an income recognition event.
To summarize:
- Risha: No ordinary income or capital gain recognition.
- Tisha: Recognizes a potential capital gain of $16 from the property contribution.
- Patricia: No immediate income recognition for the services provided.
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Beyond The Scope (BTS) has a market capitalization of $250 million and 75 million shares outstanding. The management of this firm plans to raise further capital through rights issuance. They have four possible rights schemes as follows. They choose the scheme which will raise the most money. How much money can they raise with the chosen scheme? All shareholders exercise their rights.
A) two rights to purchase one share at $2.60 per share.
B) three rights to purchase two shares at $2.00 per share.
C) four rights to purchase three shares at $1.50 per share.
D) five rights to purchase two shares at $2.60 per share.
To determine how much money can be raised with each rights scheme, we need to calculate the total number of new shares issued and multiply it by the subscription price.
Let's calculate the amount of money that can be raised for each scheme:
A) Scheme A: Two rights to purchase one share at $2.60 per share.
Number of new shares issued = 2/1 * 75 million = 150 million
Amount raised = 150 million * $2.60 = $390 million
B) Scheme B: Three rights to purchase two shares at $2.00 per share.
Number of new shares issued = 3/2 * 75 million = 112.5 million
Amount raised = 112.5 million * $2.00 = $225 million
C) Scheme C: Four rights to purchase three shares at $1.50 per share.
Number of new shares issued = 4/3 * 75 million = 100 million
Amount raised = 100 million * $1.50 = $150 million
D) Scheme D: Five rights to purchase two shares at $2.60 per share.
Number of new shares issued = 5/2 * 75 million = 187.5 million
Amount raised = 187.5 million * $2.60 = $487.5 million
Among the four schemes, the scheme that raises the most money is Scheme D, which can raise $487.5 million.
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Company A just paid an annual dividend of $1.00 per share. You believe that the dividend will increase at 50% of economic growth. If the required return is 10%, what is the current price per share if the expected economic growth rate is 10%?
The current price per share is $21 if the expected economic growth rate is 10%.
Given that the annual dividend paid by Company A is $1 per share. And it is believed that the dividend will increase at 50% of economic growth. If the required return is 10%, the current price per share can be calculated as follows:
Dividend growth rate = 50% of economic growth rate = 0.5 × 10% = 5%
Current dividend per share = $1
Therefore, the expected dividend per share next year = $1 + ($1 × 5%) = $1.05
Using the dividend discount model formula, the current price per share can be calculated as follows:
P = D₁/(r - g)
Where P = current price per share
D₁ = expected dividend per share next year
r = required return on stocks
g = dividend growth rate
Substituting the values:
P = $1.05/(10% - 5%)
P = $21
Hence, the answer is $21.
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The Pacific Corporation purchased land as a factory site for $70,000. Prior to construction of the new building, the land had to be cleared of trees and brush. Construction costs incurred during the first year are listed below: Land clearing costs $3,000 (600) Sale of firewood to a worker Architect fees (for new building) 10,000 Title investigation of land 1,500 1,000 Property taxes on land (for the first year) Building construction costs 200,000 Required: Determine the amounts that the company should record in the Land and the Building accounts. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated by a minus sign.)
The Pacific Corporation should record the cost of land as $73,500 and the cost of building as $210,000.
The cost of land includes the initial purchase price of $70,000, as well as additional costs incurred for clearing the land ($3,000) and carrying out a title investigation ($1,500).
However, the revenue generated from selling firewood to a worker ($600) should be deducted from the cost of land as it is a reduction in the overall cost of preparing the site.
The cost of building includes the construction costs of $200,000 and the additional cost of hiring an architect for the design of the building ($10,000). The property taxes paid on the land are not included in the cost of the building and should be recorded separately.
By correctly allocating the costs to the appropriate accounts, the Pacific Corporation will be able to accurately track the total cost of the factory site and building.
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We are analysing a classical model of a closed economy. The production function is as follows:
Y = AK1/3 L2/3,
where A = 1.25 denotes the level of technological advancement of the country, while the stock of capital and labour are as follows: K = L = 8000.
GDP measured from the expenditure side consists of C, I, G, described as follows:
C = 100 + 0.8 (Y - T), where T = 1500,
I = 5000 – 100r
G = 1100 (government purchases are exogenous)
Using the above relationships calculate:
(a) the of GDP in this economy,
b) the value of real wages per unit of labour in this economy. What would happen to this value if the
stock of capital was doubled?
c) What are the shares of labour and capital in the creation of GDP in this economy?
d) Calculate private savings (SP), government savings (SG) and national savings (SN). Then find the
interest rate in equilibrium (r) and the amount investment (I) in equilibri
The correct answer is a) 12062.39., b) 0.468., c) 22.3%., d) 4082.54. is the answer.
a) In the classical model of a closed economy, the value of GDP is calculated by the following formula:
GDP = C + I + G,
Where C denotes the consumption expenditure, I denotes investment expenditure, and G denotes government expenditure. The consumption expenditure is calculated as:
C = 100 + 0.8(Y - T)
= 100 + 0.8 (AK1/3 L2/3 - T)
= 100 + 0.8 (1.25 * 80001/3 80002/3 - 1500)
= 5962.39
The investment expenditure is calculated as:
I = 5000 - 100r
= 5000 - 100(0)
= 5000
The government expenditure is given as G = 1100.
Thus, the value of GDP in this economy is:
GDP = C + I + G
= 5962.39 + 5000 + 1100
= 12062.39.
b) The value of real wages per unit of labour in this economy is calculated as:
w = (1/3)A(K/L)1/3,
= (1/3)1.25(8000/8000)1/3
= 0.417.
If the stock of capital was doubled, then the new value of capital would be K = 16000, while the value of labour would remain the same. In this case, the new value of real wages per unit of labour would be:
w' = (1/3)1.25(16000/8000)1/3
= 0.468.
Thus, the value of real wages per unit of labour would increase.
c) The shares of labour and capital in the creation of GDP in this economy are given as follows:
Y = AK1/3L2/3,
= 1.25(80001/3)(80002/3),
= 1885.93.
The share of labour in the creation of GDP is given as:
(2/3)ln(L/Y) = (2/3)ln(8000/1885.93)
= 0.494,
= 49.4%.
The share of capital in the creation of GDP is given as:
(1/3)ln(K/Y) = (1/3)ln(8000/1885.93)
= 0.223,
= 22.3%.
d) The private savings are calculated as:
SP = Y - C - T,
= 1885.93 - 5962.39 - 1500,
= -4576.46.
The government savings are given as SG = T - G = 1500 - 1100 = 400. Thus, the national savings are given as:
SN = SP + SG
= -4576.46 + 400
= -4176.46.
The interest rate in equilibrium is given as the rate that equates the demand for investment (I) to the supply of savings (SN).
Thus, we have:
I = S
5000 - 100r = -4176.46
r = (5000 + 4176.46)/100
r = 91.7646.
The amount of investment in equilibrium is given as:
I = 5000 - 100r
= 5000 - 100(91.7646)
= 4082.54.
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Working in a group or individually, your job is to research an existing company that is involved in moving goods internationally. The company in question can be a freight forwarder, Carriers such as airlines, ocean liners, trucking firms, rail/locomotive companies, warehousing inventory management firms etc, the choice is yours. As part of this assignment you will conduct research about the company, history, its operations, service offerings, modes of transportation etc. 1.) Please research a company as discussed above, and provide me a brief description about the company, its operations, history, organization structure etc. (10 Marks) 2.) Please provide me specifically what line of business the company in question is involved with, what modes of transportation are they involved with, and which areas do they cover, are they operating internationally or domestically? (10 Marks) 3.) Based on the research you conducted from research and findings, what target market does the company in question cater to. For example do they specialize in moving oil and gas products, forestry goods etc. Please provide me specific data on which market the company in question caters to. (10 Marks) 4.) From your research, please discuss the transportation management systems (Software) the company in questions uses to manage their day to day business. You can be creative here and call the company in question, tell them you are working on a school assignment and they may be able to provide you with basic info. If possible provide me the name and do your own research on the specific systems they use and provide me what the benefits for using this system are. (15 Marks) 5.) Please prepare a process chart describing the specific process the company goes through from initial contact with customer, to delivery of goods to client and receiving payment. Please discuss from A-Z how the company processes a shipment. You can use a flow chart to answer this question as well. (15 Marks)
The company I have researched for this assignment is DHL, which is one of the world's largest logistics companies involved in moving goods internationally. DHL offers a wide range of logistics services, including international express delivery, air and ocean freight forwarding, warehousing and inventory management, and supply chain management.
DHL was founded in 1969 in San Francisco by Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom, and Robert Lynn and has since grown to become a global brand. DHL's operations are structured in four divisions, including DHL Express, DHL Global Forwarding, DHL Supply Chain, and DHL eCommerce.DHL is involved in a variety of lines of business, including express delivery, freight forwarding, warehousing, and supply chain management.The company uses various modes of transportation, including air, ocean, and road transportation, to move goods across borders. DHL operates in both domestic and international markets, with a presence in more than 220 countries and territories worldwide.DHL caters to a wide range of target markets, including retail, automotive, life sciences, technology, energy, and engineering and manufacturing. The company has specialized services for each of these markets, such as DHL's Medical Express Service for the healthcare industry and its Automotive Logistics service for the automotive industry.DHL uses a transportation management system (TMS) called MySupplyChain, which is a web-based platform that helps manage supply chain operations. The benefits of using this system include real-time shipment tracking, inventory management, order management, and logistics analytics.DHL's process for shipping goods involves several steps, including order placement, pickup, documentation, customs clearance, transport, delivery, and payment. The process begins with the customer placing an order, which is then picked up by DHL and shipped to its destination. The shipment is then documented and cleared through customs, after which it is transported by air, ocean, or road to its final destination. Once the shipment is delivered, the customer makes payment to DHL for the service provided.For such more question on transportation
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Fill in the blank spaces with the most suitable word formed from the word in brackets. (__ /4 marks) Example: My next appointment (appoint) is on Sunday. 1.A lot of people doubted that I could. in business for myself. (success) 2. It suited the speaker's goals to flood the audience with a set of confusing and 3. The committee suggested some measures to improve the health and 4. As I turned around, I hit George in the face. (accident) unclear questions. (logic) of employees. (safe)
A lot of people doubted that I could succeed in business for myself. The given sentence is in passive voice, where the subject is people. To make it in active voice we should replace the verb doubted with an active verb. So, the correct sentence will be: A lot of people thought that I could not succeed in business for myself.
It suited the speaker's goals to flood the audience with a set of confusing and illogical questions. Here the given sentence is in a grammatically correct way. So, the answer is illogical.
The committee suggested some measures to improve the health and safety of employees.The given sentence is in a grammatically correct way. So, the answer is safe.
As I turned around, I hit George in the face. (accidentally) .Here, the verb hit tells that it was an accident. So, the correct word to fill the blank is accidentally.
1. A lot of people thought that I could not succeed in business for myself.2. It suited the speaker's goals to flood the audience with a set of confusing and illogical questions.3. The committee suggested some measures to improve the health and safety of employees.4. As I turned around, I hit George in the face. (accidentally)
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Social Media (Chapter 3) 3) See the below example of a social media post. Which of the 4e Framework steps does this example address the most? (Highlight one answer) away WHAT'S YOUR NIGHTMARE VACATION? WATOURE away #That TimeWhen RIP Fyre Fest But if we had to choose... B3M. Tell us your nightmare vacation combo WHAT YOU FORGOT TOPACK 2w A. AZKABAN B. JURASSIC PARK c. SHUTTER ISLAND D. BEYOND THE WALL E. FYRE FEST ♡ 1. DEODORANT 2. UNDERWEAR 3. CBD 4. GLASSES 5. PHONE sethgrav B41 ...dinosaurs, I'm blind, and an ex who lacks basic communication skills, what could go wrong 2w 11 likes Reply View replies (1) WHO YOURE GOING WITH its.alicat BIL - but the real question is, will the dinosaurs eat my old boss?.. I. YOUR WORST EX J. YOUR CRUSH WHO'S TAKEN K. YOUR LEAST FAVORITE TEACHER L. YOUR PASSIVE AGGRESSIVE BOSS YOUR MIDDLE SCHOOL BULLY a 555 likes JULY 20 BUILD YOUR COMBO BELOW Add a comment... Post a. Excitement b. Education c. Experience d. Engagement Explain your answer using course concepts:
Based on the given social media post, the example primarily addresses the "Engagement" step of the 4e Framework.
The post encourages users to engage with the content by asking them to share their "nightmare vacation combo" and what they forgot to pack. It invites users to participate in the conversation by choosing options from the provided list and leaving comments.
Engagement, as a step in the 4e Framework, refers to fostering interactions and encouraging user involvement with the brand or content. It aims to create a sense of connection and interaction that goes beyond passive consumption.
In this example, the post is designed to generate user engagement through comments and responses. By asking questions, offering choices, and inviting users to share their experiences and preferences, the post sparks conversations and encourages users to actively participate in the discussion.
By focusing on engagement, the brand aims to create a sense of community and build relationships with its audience. The post provides an opportunity for users to share their opinions, stories, and preferences, which can lead to increased brand awareness, loyalty, and word-of-mouth promotion.
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: David and Suzan are meeting with their life licenced insurance agent to discuss transferring David's GRRSP into an annuity. They have done some research into various investment options and determined that an annuity is what they feel most comfortable with. Still, they are confused about the different kinds of annuities available. They tell their insurance agent that the income from the annuity is meant to fund their basic living expenses, and that they do not expect this amount to diminish very much in the event either of them passes away. What type of annuity would best suit David and Suzan's needs? OA T-90 annuity on each of their lives. O A joint and last survivor annuity. OA life annuity on each of their lives. OA life annuity on David's life with a 15-year guarantee period.
A joint and last survivor annuity is the best choice for David and Suzan. Answer: OA joint and last survivor annuity.
An annuity is a contract between an investor and an insurance company in which the investor pays a lump sum or makes payments over time, and in return, the insurance company agrees to make payments to the investor at regular intervals starting immediately or at a specified future date. In the given scenario, David and Suzan are meeting with their life licensed insurance agent to discuss transferring David's GRRSP into an annuity. They have done some research into various investment options and determined that an annuity is what they feel most comfortable with.
Still, they are confused about the different kinds of annuities available. They tell their insurance agent that the income from the annuity is meant to fund their basic living expenses, and that they do not expect this amount to diminish very much in the event either of them passes away. A joint and last survivor annuity would best suit David and Suzan's needs. It guarantees payments for the life of both parties and provides income for the survivor after the first party passes away. David and Suzan are interested in an annuity that will provide enough income to cover their basic living expenses. The joint and last survivor annuity would continue to pay income to the surviving spouse in the event of either party's death. As a result, the survivor's income would not diminish significantly.
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The ratio of cash to monthly cash expenses is computed as _____.
cash as of year-end divided by monthly cash expenses
beginning cash balance divided by ending cash balance
cash and cash equivalents divided by cash as of year-end
None of these choices are correct.
financial data for a company is provided below: cash, end of year, $500,000 estimation of yearly cash expenses from negative cash flows from operations on statement of cash flows, $(155,000) cash, beginning of year, $400,000 accounts receivable, $10,000 inventory, $20,000 net income for the year how many months will the company be able to continue without positive cash flows or additional financing (round to nearest whole month)?
12 months
25 months
39 months
16 months
The company will be able to continue without positive cash flows or additional financing for approximately 16 months.
To determine how many months the company can continue without positive cash flows or additional financing, we need to calculate the cash burn rate, which is the rate at which the company is consuming its cash reserves.
The cash burn rate can be calculated by dividing the cash balance at the beginning of the year ($400,000) by the negative cash flows from operations ($155,000) obtained from the statement of cash flows.
Cash burn rate = Beginning cash balance / Negative cash flows from operations
Cash burn rate = $400,000 / (-$155,000)
The negative sign indicates that the cash flows from operations are reducing the cash balance. By dividing these values, we get the number of months the cash reserves can sustain the company's expenses without positive cash flows or additional financing.
Months of sustainability = Cash burn rate / 12 months
Months of sustainability = (-$400,000 / $155,000) / 12
Months of sustainability ≈ 16 months (rounded to the nearest whole month)
Therefore, the company will be able to continue without positive cash flows or additional financing for approximately 16 months based on the given financial data.
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Assume that market interest rates are 6% and the bondholder receives a $60 coupon payment per year on a perpetuity bond with a face value of $1,000. If market interest rates fall to 4%, the bond price Orises to $1,500 rises to $2,000 falls to $500 O rises to $1,400
If market interest rates fall to 4%, the bond price rises to $1,500. The correct answer is option a.
The price of a perpetuity bond can be calculated using the formula:
Bond Price = Coupon Payment / Interest Rate
When market interest rates are 6% and the bondholder receives a $60 coupon payment per year, the bond price would be:
Bond Price = $60 / 0.06 = $1,000
However, when market interest rates fall to 4%, the bond price would increase:
Bond Price = $60 / 0.04 = $1,500
The correct answer is option a.
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Complete question
Assume that market interest rates are 6% and the bondholder receives a $60 coupon payment per year on a perpetuity bond with a face value of $1,000. If market interest rates fall to 4%, the bond price
a. rises to $1,500
b. rises to $2,000 falls to $500
c. rises to $1,400
We'll continue working with dataset ChickWeight and variable weight that represents the weight of chicks in grams. Assume the values on this variable represent the tickets in a box. If you draw 334 tickets with replacement from this box, what is the expected number of chicks with weights greater than 168 grams? Answer without decimals. Hint: You may want to use the percentage found earlier and the relationship of counts and per centages.
The expected number of chicks with weights greater than 168 grams when drawing 334 tickets with replacement depends on the proportion of chicks with weights greater than 168 grams in the initial sample.
The proportion of chicks with weights greater than 168 grams in the initial sample can be multiplied by the number of tickets drawn (334 in this case) to estimate the expected number of chicks with weights greater than 168 grams. This is because when drawing with replacement, the proportion of chicks with weights greater than 168 grams remains constant for each draw.
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The management of Gresa Inc. is evaluating the appropriateness of using its present inventory cost flow method, which is average-cost. The company requests your help in determining the results of operations for 2020 if either the FIFO or LIFO method has been used. For 2020, the accounting records show these data:
To determine the results of operations for 2020 using the FIFO and LIFO inventory cost flow methods, we would need specific information about the inventory purchases, sales, and quantities.
Without this information, it is not possible to provide a calculation or analysis of the results.
The FIFO (First-In, First-Out) method assumes that the earliest inventory purchased is sold first, while the LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) method assumes that the most recently purchased inventory is sold first. These methods can yield different results in terms of cost of goods sold and ending inventory valuation.
To calculate the cost of goods sold and ending inventory using FIFO or LIFO, we would need information such as the quantity and cost of inventory purchases throughout the year, the quantity of inventory sold, and the quantity of inventory on hand at the end of the year.
Please provide the necessary data for inventory purchases, sales, and quantities, and we will be able to assist you in determining the results of operations for 2020 using the FIFO or LIFO method.
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how are payroll taxes different from personal income taxes apex
Payroll taxes and personal income taxes are two different types of taxes. Payroll taxes are different from personal income taxes in various ways.
The below explanation will highlight the difference between the two.Payroll taxes:Payroll taxes refer to the taxes that employers deduct from their employees’ salaries to pay for the employee's Social Security and Medicare benefits. These taxes include various deductions such as social security tax, Medicare tax, and federal unemployment tax.
These taxes are deposited by employers and later forwarded to the state or federal government. Both the employer and the employee share the cost of these taxes. Therefore, employees pay payroll taxes alongside their employers.Personal income taxes:Personal income tax refers to the tax an individual owes to the government on their earnings. The federal government, as well as the state, can impose a tax on an individual's earnings.
These taxes are calculated based on the taxpayer’s income, deductions, and credits. Individuals are required to file their income tax returns to determine their tax liability for a given period of time.Conclusion:In conclusion, payroll taxes are different from personal income taxes. Payroll taxes are deducted from an employee's salary to pay for the employee's Social Security and Medicare benefits. On the other hand, personal income tax is the tax an individual owes to the government on their earnings.
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Downing Company issues $1,000,000, 8%, 10-year bonds on January 1, 2020. The bonds pay interest semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The bonds are issued to yield 10%.
a) Calculate the issue price of the bonds in dollars
b) Calculate the issue price of the bonds as a percent
c) Make the journal entry to record the sale of the bond
d) Using the straight-line method, make the journal entry to record the interest payments in 2021
e) Using the effective interest method, make the journal entry to record the interest expense in 2021. Prepare the amortization table for 2020, 2021 and 2022.
f) Using the effective interest method, assume the financials were prepared at the end of January 2021, make the entry to record the interest accrual.
g) Using the effective interest method, make the entry to buy back the bond on December 31, 2021 at the different prices below:
(i) $1,500,000
(ii) $500,000
The issue price of the bonds is calculated using the present value formula. It is the sum of the present values of the bond's future cash flows, discounted at the yield rate. In this case, the issue price is $961,538.
b) The issue price of the bonds, expressed as a percent, can be calculated by dividing the issue price by the face value and multiplying by 100. In this case, the issue price is 96.15% of the face value.
c) The journal entry to record the sale of the bond includes debiting Cash for the issue price and crediting Bonds Payable for the face value of the bonds.
d) Using the straight-line method, the interest payment journal entry in 2021 would debit Interest Expense for the interest amount and credit Cash for the same amount.
e) Using the effective interest method, the interest expense journal entry in 2021 would debit Interest Expense for the interest amount and credit Discount on Bonds Payable and Cash.
f) To record the interest accrual at the end of January 2021, the entry would debit Interest Expense and credit Accrued Interest Payable.
g) To buy back the bond on December 31, 2021, the entry would debit Bonds Payable and Discount on Bonds Payable and credit Cash for the respective prices: (i) $1,500,000 and (ii) $500,000.
a) The issue price of the bonds is calculated by finding the present value of the bond's future cash flows, discounted at the yield rate of 10%. It results in an issue price of $961,538, which is less than the face value of $1,000,000.
b) The issue price, expressed as a percent, is calculated by dividing the issue price by the face value and multiplying by 100. In this case, the issue price is 96.15% of the face value.
c) The journal entry records the sale of the bond by debiting Cash for the issue price received and crediting Bonds Payable for the face value of the bonds issued.
d) The straight-line method records interest payments evenly over the bond's term. The entry debits Interest Expense for the interest amount and credits Cash for the same amount.
e) The effective interest method allocates interest expense based on the carrying value of the bond. The entry debits Interest Expense for the interest amount, credits Discount on Bonds Payable for the amortized discount, and credits Cash for the interest payment.
f) To record the interest accrual at the end of January 2021, the entry debits Interest Expense for the accrued interest and credits Accrued Interest Payable to recognize the liability.
g) Buying back the bond on December 31, 2021, involves debiting Bonds Payable and Discount on Bonds Payable, reducing the carrying value, and crediting Cash for the repurchase price. The different prices mentioned result in different journal entry amounts.
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If an MBA graduate is working as a bank teller, is that a case of underemployment, unemployment, or both? Explain. b. Explain Say's Law regarding supply and demand and how it affects unemployment.
Underemployment can occur when an MBA graduate works as a bank teller, while Say's Law suggests that supply creates its own demand, but it does not fully explain the complexities of unemployment in real-world labor markets.
a) If an MBA graduate is working as a bank teller, it can be considered a case of underemployment. Underemployment refers to a situation where a person is employed in a job that is below their skill or educational level. In this case, the MBA graduate's qualifications and potential for higher-level positions are not fully utilized in their role as bank teller.
b) Say's Law, proposed by the French economist Jean-Baptiste Say, states that the production of goods and services generates an income for the producers, which in turn creates demand for other goods and services. According to Say's Law, supply creates its own demand.
In the context of unemployment, Say's Law suggests that if an economy is functioning optimally and all available resources (including labor) are fully employed, the production of goods and services will create enough income to create demand for those goods and services. In other words, as long as there is sufficient supply, demand will naturally arise.
However, in reality, the labor market can experience frictions and imbalances that can lead to unemployment. Factors such as technological changes, skills mismatches, cyclical fluctuations, and structural shifts can disrupt the equilibrium between supply and demand for labor, resulting in unemployment. Say's Law provides a theoretical framework but does not fully capture the complexities and dynamics of real-world labor markets.
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FORUM DESCRIPTION As we have leamed throughout this course, inventory management is critical to the success of an organization. What do you think are the 3 biggest challenges that inventory controllers face, and what is the resulting impact on the firm?
Inventory management is vital to the prosperity of an organization. In this context, the three significant challenges that inventory controllers face are overstocking, understocking, and lack of coordination and communication. Inadequate inventory management can be disastrous for a company.
It can have a significant impact on the organization's financial performance, customer satisfaction, and reputation.What are the three significant challenges that inventory controllers face?Inventory controllers face various challenges in the inventory management process. Here are the top three challenges that inventory controllers face:1. Overstocking: Overstocking is the first significant challenge that inventory controllers face. Inventory controllers have to make sure that the inventory level doesn't go beyond the organization's requirements.
The surplus inventory ties up the company's cash flow, increases storage costs, and may lead to waste and obsolescence. 2. Understocking: Understocking is the second significant challenge that inventory controllers face. Understocking leads to a shortage of the product, delays in delivering the product to the customers, and negatively impacts customer satisfaction.
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View Policies Current Attempt in Progress On March 1, 2022, Splish Brothers Inc, acquired real estate, on which it planned to construct a small office building, by paying $86,000 in cash. An old warehouse on the property was demolished at a cost of $10,400; the salvaged materials were sold for $3,700. Additional expenditures before construction began included $2,100 attorney's fee for work concerning the land purchase, 55,200 real estate broker's fee. $8.100 architect's fee, and $14,100 to put in driveways and a parking lot. (a) Determine the amount to be recorded as the cost of the land. Cost of land S -/1 1 eTextbook and Media List of Accounts Save for Later Attempts: 0 of 3 used Submit Answe
The amount to be recorded as the cost of the land is $172,200.
to determine the cost of the land, we need to consider the cash paid for the land acquisition and any additional expenditures directly related to acquiring and preparing the land for construction.
given information:cash paid for land acquisition = $86,000
cost of demolishing old warehouse = $10,400sale of salvaged materials = $3,700
attorney's fee = $2,100real estate broker's fee = $55,200
architect's fee = $8,100cost of putting in driveways and parking lot = $14,100
to calculate the cost of the land, we add up the relevant costs and subtract any proceeds from the sale of salvaged materials:
cost of land = cash paid for land acquisition + cost of demolishing old warehouse + attorney's fee + real estate broker's fee + architect's fee + cost of putting in driveways and parking lot - sale of salvaged materials
cost of land = $86,000 + $10,400 + $2,100 + $55,200 + $8,100 + $14,100 - $3,700
cost of land = $172,200
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