i) A wage decrease will likely lead to a decrease in the market equilibrium price and an increase in the quantity exchanged.
ii) A positive income shock will likely result in an increase in both the market equilibrium price and quantity.
iii) A negative technology shock will likely lead to a decrease in the market equilibrium price and quantity.
i) Wage Decrease:
When there is a decrease in wages, the production costs for firms decrease. This enables firms to reduce the prices of their goods and services, leading to a decrease in the market equilibrium price.
As a result, consumers are likely to demand more of the product at the lower price, leading to an increase in the quantity exchanged.
ii) Positive Income Shock:
A positive income shock means that consumers' incomes increase. As a result, their purchasing power rises, leading to higher demand for goods and services. This increased demand puts upward pressure on prices, causing the market equilibrium price to rise.
Furthermore, as consumers have more disposable income, they are willing to purchase a greater quantity of goods and services, leading to an increase in the quantity exchanged.
iii) Negative Technology Shock:
A negative technology shock refers to a decline in technological advancements or productivity. This can lead to decreased efficiency in production, resulting in higher costs for firms.
To compensate for the increased costs, firms may increase the prices of their goods and services, leading to a decrease in the market equilibrium price. Additionally, the reduced productivity may limit the quantity of goods and services that firms can produce and offer in the market, leading to a decrease in the quantity exchanged.
In summary, a wage decrease generally leads to a decrease in the market equilibrium price and an increase in the quantity exchanged. A positive income shock results in an increase in both the market equilibrium price and quantity.
On the other hand, a negative technology shock usually leads to a decrease in the market equilibrium price and quantity. It is important to note that the exact impact of these shocks may depend on various other factors and market conditions.
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ime left 0:45:03 Question 11 Pory of The following blindades the demand and apply whedde for a market is a final good Suppene sellers of the good successfully lobby Congress to inpor prior floor $2 the price in this art Price Quantity Demanded Quantity Supplied (Dollars per ani (win) A 17 0 1 15 4 13 W 1 11 11 A M 14 A 7 17 15 20 After the post of the floor how many sits of the good are pac Select one Ob. 4 Od B 201FM
After the imposition of the price floor at $2, 17 units of the good are supplied. This means that there is a surplus of 2 units, indicating that the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded at the price floor.
To determine the quantity supplied after the price floor is imposed, we compare the quantity demanded and quantity supplied at the price floor of $2.
From the given information, the quantity demanded at a price of $2 is 20 units, while the quantity supplied at the same price is 17 units. Therefore, 17 units of the good are supplied.
It is important to note that a price floor is a minimum price set by the government above the equilibrium price. When the price floor is imposed, it creates a surplus because the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded. In this case, the price floor of $2 causes a surplus of 17 - 15 = 2 units.
In conclusion, after the imposition of the price floor at $2, a total of 17 units of the good are supplied. This means that there is a surplus of 2 units, indicating that the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded at the price floor.
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what amount should swifty report as inventories in its balance sheet?
The specific amount that Swifty should report as inventories in its balance sheet would depend on the valuation method used and the current value of its inventory.
In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), Swifty should report inventories on its balance sheet at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost refers to the historical cost incurred to acquire or produce the inventory, including direct costs such as purchase price, production costs, and transportation expenses. Net realizable value, on the other hand, represents the estimated selling price of the inventory minus any estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
To determine the specific amount to report as inventories, Swifty would need to assess the current value of its inventory using either the cost method (such as FIFO or weighted average) or the net realizable value method, depending on the nature of its inventory. The chosen valuation method should be consistently applied across reporting periods.
It is important for Swifty to accurately assess and report the value of its inventories on the balance sheet to provide stakeholders with relevant and reliable information about the company's assets and financial position. This ensures transparency and assists in making informed business decisions.
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Dividends Per Share Internal Insights Inc., a developer of radiology equipment, has stock outstanding as follows: 70,000 shares of cumulative preferred 2% stock, $60 par, and 100,000 shares of $10 par common. During its first four years of operations, the following amounts were distributed as dividends: first year, $49,000; second year, $132,000; third year, $146,000; fourth year, $160,000. Compute the dividend per share on each class of stock for each of the four years. Round all answers to two decimal places. If no dividends are paid in a given year, leave it blank.
Year 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th
Preferred stock (dividend per share) ____ ____ ____ _____
Common stock (dividend per share) ____ ____ ____ _____
To compute the dividend per share on each class of stock for each of the four years, we need to calculate the dividend for each class of stock and then divide it by the number of shares outstanding.
First, let's calculate the dividend for the preferred stock:
Preferred Stock:
Number of shares: 70,000
Dividend rate: 2%
Year 1:
Dividend per share = Number of shares * Dividend rate
Dividend per share = 70,000 * 2% = $1,400
Year 2:
Dividend per share = Number of shares * Dividend rate
Dividend per share = 70,000 * 2% = $1,400
Year 3:
Dividend per share = Number of shares * Dividend rate
Dividend per share = 70,000 * 2% = $1,400
Year 4:
Dividend per share = Number of shares * Dividend rate
Dividend per share = 70,000 * 2% = $1,400
Next, let's calculate the dividend for the common stock:
Common Stock:
Number of shares: 100,000
Year 1:
Dividend per share = Total dividend / Number of shares
Dividend per share = $49,000 / 100,000 = $0.49
Year 2:
Dividend per share = Total dividend / Number of shares
Dividend per share = $132,000 / 100,000 = $1.32
Year 3:
Dividend per share = Total dividend / Number of shares
Dividend per share = $146,000 / 100,000 = $1.46
Year 4:
Dividend per share = Total dividend / Number of shares
Dividend per share = $160,000 / 100,000 = $1.60
So, the dividend per share on each class of stock for each of the four years is as follows:
Preferred stock (dividend per share):
Year 1: $1,400
Year 2: $1,400
Year 3: $1,400
Year 4: $1,400
Common stock (dividend per share):
Year 1: $0.49
Year 2: $1.32
Year 3: $1.46
Year 4: $1.60
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A common reason for the PPB (Production Possibility Boundary) to shift is that prices have changed. Select one: O True O False
False. Changes in prices can influence resource allocation within the given production possibilities, but they do not cause a shift in the overall production possibilities of an economy.
A shift in the Production Possibility Boundary (PPB) is not directly caused by changes in prices. The PPB represents the maximum combination of goods and services that an economy can produce given its resources and technology at a specific point in time. It is determined by factors such as available resources, technology, and efficiency of production.
Changes in prices, on the other hand, do not directly cause a shift in the PPB. Prices reflect the relative value or cost of goods and services in an economy and are determined by factors such as supply and demand. Changes in prices can influence the allocation of resources between different goods or services, but they do not cause a fundamental shift in the economy's production possibilities.
Factors that can cause a shift in the PPB include changes in technology, changes in the quantity or quality of resources, improvements in productivity, advancements in knowledge or skills, changes in trade policies, and changes in the size or structure of the population, among others.
The statement that changes in prices are a common reason for the PPB to shift is false.
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.If taxable income is between The tax due is:
Over- But not over- Of the amount over-
$0 19,050 …… 10% $0
19,051 77,400 $1,905+12% 19,050
77,401 165,000 8,907+12% 77,40
165,001 315,000 28,179+12% 165,000
315,001 400,000 64,179+12% 315,000
400,001 600,000 91,379+12% 400,000
600,001 …….. 161,379+12% 600,000
The provided table shows the tax brackets and corresponding tax rates for different taxable income ranges. The tax due is calculated based on the amount of taxable income that falls within each range.
For example, if the taxable income is $50,000, the tax due will be calculated as follows:
The income falls within the range of $19,051 to $77,400.
The tax due will be the sum of two components:
The fixed amount of $1,905 that applies to the income range from $0 to $19,050.
The percentage-based amount of 12% applied to the amount over $19,050, which is $50,000 - $19,050 = $30,950.
Therefore, the tax due would be $1,905 + (12% of $30,950) = $5,501.
The table provides the tax rates and applicable ranges for different income levels. By referring to the appropriate income range, one can calculate the tax due based on the provided formula.
It's important to note that tax brackets and rates can vary depending on the specific tax laws and regulations of a country or jurisdiction. The table provided represents a simplified example and may not reflect the actual tax brackets in any particular tax system.
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For the following L.P problem there will be: Min 1X + 1Y s.t. 5X + 3Y ≤ 30 3X + 4Y ≥ 36 Y≤7 X, Y Z 0 alternative optimal solutions unboundedness O a single optimal solution O infeasibility
The correct option is O a single optimal solution.
The given L.P. problem is Minimized [tex]1X + 1Y[/tex]subject to the constraints- [tex]5X + 3Y ≤ 303X + 4Y ≥ 36Y ≤ 7X, Y ≥ 0[/tex]. There are several possibilities for the solution to the above problem, as shown below: Alternative Optimal Solutions: Alternative optimal solutions can exist when a Linear Programming problem has more than one optimal solution. In the given problem, there can be more than one optimal solution. For instance, let us assume that the first optimal solution is[tex]X = 3, Y = 5, and Z = 8[/tex]. Again, [tex]X = 4, Y = 4, and Z = 8[/tex]this could also be another optimal solution. These are known as alternative optimal solutions. Unboundedness: A Linear Programming problem is said to be unbounded if the objective function can be increased or decreased indefinitely without reaching a maximum or minimum point.
The given problem is not unbounded because it has both upper and lower bounds. Infeasibility: When a Linear Programming problem is such that no feasible solution exists, it is known as an infeasible problem. The given problem is not infeasible as there is at least one feasible solution, which is [tex]X = 0, Y = 0, and Z = 0[/tex]. Single Optimal Solution: A Linear Programming problem has a single optimal solution if there is only one set of values for decision variables that maximize or minimize the objective function while satisfying all the constraints. In the given problem, there is only one solution that minimizes the objective function while satisfying all the constraints. Therefore, the answer is "a single optimal solution.
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please answer this question in a text.
Where can synergies in business come from? (CLO#03)
Synergies in business are a combination of two or more companies or organizations working together to achieve a common goal.
In general, synergies are recognized as an excellent approach to increasing the efficiency and productivity of business operations.Synergies in business can come from various sources. It is essential to examine each potential opportunity carefully to determine its potential and whether it is worth the effort and time.
Below are the sources of synergies in business:Vertical Integration: It involves the collaboration of businesses along the value chain to enhance the quality of the products.
In doing so, businesses can optimize their operations and reduce costs.Horizontal Integration: It happens when firms at the same level of the production process combine their resources. The aim is to increase their capacity to compete with other players in the same industry.Diversification: It happens when a company expands its operations into new markets or new industries.
This process can bring various benefits, such as the transfer of skills, knowledge, and expertise between the two companies.Cost savings: Companies can make significant cost savings by sharing resources such as infrastructure, distribution channels, and production facilities.
The bottom line is that companies must evaluate different sources of synergies in business and select the ones that will help achieve their goals and objectives. Additionally, they must be careful not to overestimate the potential for synergies or underestimate the difficulties involved in implementing them.
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What should include a good and strong elevator pitch for a
business about cleaning communities, beaches, parks, etc.
A good and strong elevator pitch for a business focused on cleaning communities, beaches, parks, and similar areas should include the following elements:
Attention-grabbing introduction: Start with a compelling hook to capture the listener's attention. For example, "Imagine a world where our communities, beaches, and parks are pristine and free from litter and pollution."
Problem statement: Clearly state the problem or issue that your business aims to address. Highlight the environmental impact and negative consequences of litter and pollution on these communal spaces. For instance, "Unfortunately, our beloved communities, beaches, and parks are facing an alarming increase in litter and pollution, degrading the beauty and harming the ecosystem."
Solution and value proposition: Explain how your business provides a solution to this problem. Describe your services and approaches to cleaning and restoring these areas. Emphasize the benefits that your business brings to the community, environment, and individuals who enjoy these spaces.
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how would you route shipments of turbine blades from kalamazoo to bangalore? why?
When routing shipments of turbine blades from Kalamazoo to Bangalore, several factors need to be considered to ensure efficient and timely delivery. Here are some key considerations and the reasoning behind them Mode of Transportation and Selection of Air Carrier
Mode of Transportation: Choosing the appropriate mode of transportation is crucial. Given the long distance involved and the need for safe and secure transportation, air freight would be the preferred mode. Air freight offers faster transit times, reduced risk of damage, and better control over delivery schedules compared to other modes like sea or land transportation.
Selection of Air Carrier: It is important to select a reliable air carrier with experience in handling sensitive and valuable cargo like turbine blades. Working with established carriers that have specialized handling procedures and facilities for oversized or fragile items will help ensure the safe transport of the blades.
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Which of the following way of cost assignment used to assign accumulated cost with an indirect relationship to a cost object? O Cost allocation O Cost tracing O Cost accumulation O Cost assignment
The cost allocation method is used to assign accumulated cost with an indirect relationship to a cost object. A) Cost allocation
Cost assignment refers to the process of attributing expenses to cost objects. In general, it includes accumulating expenses, selecting a cost driver, and assigning costs to the object on the basis of a causal relationship between the object and the costs. It is the act of identifying and accumulating the cost of producing a service or product by identifying and accumulating the direct and indirect costs connected with producing that service or product.
Cost allocation is the process of assigning costs to cost objects, such as goods, services, or processes. It's the technique of dividing a cost into smaller components and assigning them to specific cost centers based on a reasonable allocation scheme. Cost allocation is a crucial component of cost accounting, as it allows businesses to recognize the complete cost of goods or services and determine the profitability of each product or service.
Cost assignment refers to the act of identifying and collecting the costs of producing a service or product by identifying and accumulating the direct and indirect costs linked with producing that service or product. Cost allocation, on the other hand, is the process of assigning costs to cost objects. Cost assignment is used to determine the costs of each cost item, while cost allocation is used to assign those costs to particular cost objects.
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Torid Company processes 18,350 gallons of direct materials to produce two products, Product X and Product Y. Product X sells for $6 per gallon and Product Y, the main product, sells for $200 per gallon. The following information is for December Beginning Ending Sales Inventory Inventory Production 5,925 5,800 0 125 Product X Product Y 10,275 10,320 75 30 The manufacturing costs totalled $30,000. How much is the ending inventory for the byproduct if byproducts are recognized in the general ledger at the point of sale? A. $750 B. 50 OC. $25,000 OD. $6,000
To determine the ending inventory value for the byproduct, we need to calculate the number of gallons of byproduct produced and multiply it by the selling price per gallon.
Given the information provided, we know that the company processes 18,350 gallons of direct materials. From this, we can calculate the total production of the main product, Product Y:
Product Y Production = Total Direct Materials - Product X Production
Product Y Production = 18,350 - 10,275
Product Y Production = 8,075 gallons
Now, let's calculate the ending inventory of the byproduct:
Ending Inventory of Byproduct = Product Y Production - Product Y Sales
Ending Inventory of Byproduct = 8,075 - (10,320 - 30)
Ending Inventory of Byproduct = 8,075 - 10,290
Ending Inventory of Byproduct = -2,215 gallons
Since the ending inventory is negative, it means that there is no ending inventory for the byproduct. Therefore, the correct answer is option C. $25,000.
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You are working on the audit for the year ending 30 June 2015 of Best Clothes Ltd (BCL), a publicly listed company that manufactures, wholesales and retails men's, women's and children's clothing across Australia. BCL has approximately 65 per cent of the market in children's school wear. It offers a full refund to all customers within 90 days of purchase if they are not happy with their purchase. BCL manufactures all of its clothing lines in Korea, except for the high-end designer women's outfits, which are imported from France and branded under one of the BCL brands. BCL operates one corporate-owned store in each state of Australia and distributes its clothing Australia-wide to major department stores and to some independently owned boutiques. On 7 June 2015 and while completing the field work on the audit of BCL you come across an online newspaper article alleging BCL has been exploiting workers at its Korean factory. The article alleges that employees at BCL's Korean factory are severely underpaid and are working in very poor conditions. The article suggests that concerned customers should boycott BCL's products. Upon further investigation, the CFO reveals that since the article's publication, large numbers of clothes have been returned by customers, including the department stores. As at 30 June 2015, the CFO estimates that of the clothes sold that are still eligible for a full refund, 35 per cent were expected to be returned. REQUIRED (a) List the key accounts that are likely to be impacted by this discovery. (b) For each of the accounts you listed, state the key assertion at risk and explain your answer. LO 4.2 Source: This question was adapted from the Chartered Accountants Program of The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia-2012 (3) Audit & Assurance Module.
(a) The discovery that a large number of clothes have been returned by customers, including the department stores, after an online newspaper article alleging BCL has been exploiting workers at its Korean factory, will impact the following key accounts: Sales Returns and allowances Cost of sales
(b) For Sales Account, the key assertion at risk is the completeness assertion. The completeness assertion is at risk because there may be an understatement of sales during the year that was not recorded due to the high possibility of returns that were not accounted for.
BCL manufactures all of its clothing lines in Korea, and since the article's publication, large numbers of clothes have been returned by customers, including the department stores. Therefore, the completeness assertion is at risk since the sales transactions that have been reversed due to returns may not have been recorded. For Returns and Allowances Account, the key assertion at risk is the valuation assertion.
The valuation assertion is at risk because the estimate made by the CFO of the expected return was made as at 30 June 2015. The actual return may be different from the estimate, and there may be a misstatement in the valuation of the amount of returns and allowances recorded. For Cost of Sales Account, the key assertion at risk is the completeness assertion.
The completeness assertion is at risk because there may be an understatement of cost of sales during the year that was not recorded due to the high possibility of returns that were not accounted for. BCL manufactures all of its clothing lines in Korea, and since the article's publication, large numbers of clothes have been returned by customers, including the department stores. Therefore, the completeness assertion is at risk since the cost of sales transactions that have been reversed due to returns may not have been recorded.
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Assume that a company manufactures numerous component parts, one of which is called Part A. The company's absorption costing system indicates that it costs $23,00 to make one unit of Part A as shown below: Direct materials: $ 10.00 Direct labor 6.00 Variable overhead 2.00 Fixed overhead 5.00 Total absorption cost per unit. $23.00 The company is trying to decide between two alternatives: Alternative 1: Continue making 50,000 units of Part A annually using its existing equipment at the unit cost shown above. The equipment used to make this part does not wear out through use and it has no resale value. Alternative 2: Purchase 50,000 units of Part A from a supplier at a cost of $19.00 per unit. What is the financial advantage or (disadvantage) of buying the parts from a supplier?
The cost of making 50,000 units of Part A using its existing equipment is $1,150,000 per annum.
Financial advantage or disadvantage of buying the parts from a supplier can be found as follows:
The given cost details of Part A using absorption costing are as follows:
Direct Materials: $10.00
Direct Labor: $6.00
Variable Overhead: $2.00
Fixed Overhead: $5.00
Total Absorption Cost Per Unit: $23.00
The cost of making 50,000 units of Part A = $23.00 × 50,000 units= $1,150,000
Continue making 50,000 units of Part A annually using its existing equipment at the unit cost shown above.
Purchase 50,000 units of Part A from a supplier at a cost of $19.00 per unit. The cost of purchasing 50,000 units of Part A from a supplier is $19.00 × 50,000 units= $950,000 per annum. Therefore, the financial advantage of buying the parts from a supplier= Cost of making Part A - Cost of purchasing Part A from a supplier= $1,150,000 - $950,000= $200,000 per annum. The company can save $200,000 per annum by purchasing 50,000 units of Part A from a supplier instead of making it themselves. Therefore, it is financially advantageous for the company to purchase the parts from a supplier.
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What is your understanding service systems (ii) What is your understanding lean manufacturing of designing a sustainable production, products, of lean manufacturing? State the objectives of
(i) Service systems are organizational structures and processes that deliver services to customers.
(ii) Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach to designing and managing production systems that aims to minimize waste while maximizing value for the customer.
In lean manufacturing, the objective is to create a sustainable production system that operates efficiently and minimizes negative impacts on the environment. This includes designing products that are environmentally friendly, using resources efficiently, and reducing waste generation throughout the production process. The objectives of lean manufacturing in designing sustainable production and products can be summarized as follows:
Waste reduction: Lean manufacturing aims to eliminate all forms of waste, including overproduction, excess inventory, defects, waiting time, unnecessary transportation, and motion. By reducing waste, the production process becomes more streamlined and resource-efficient, resulting in a smaller environmental footprint.
Continuous improvement: Lean manufacturing encourages a culture of continuous improvement by constantly seeking ways to enhance efficiency and eliminate waste. This objective promotes the identification and implementation of sustainable practices and technologies that lead to improved environmental performance.
Value creation: Lean manufacturing emphasizes delivering value to the customer. By focusing on customer needs and preferences, companies can design products that are durable, energy-efficient, and recyclable, thereby contributing to sustainability.
Employee involvement: Lean manufacturing recognizes the importance of involving employees in the decision-making process. Engaging employees in sustainable initiatives fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility, leading to innovative solutions for minimizing environmental impacts.
Supply chain collaboration: Lean manufacturing encourages collaboration with suppliers and partners to ensure the sustainability of the entire value chain. This involves selecting environmentally responsible suppliers, optimizing transportation routes, and promoting recycling and reuse of materials.
By adhering to these objectives, lean manufacturing can contribute to the development of sustainable production systems and products that minimize waste, conserve resources, and support long-term environmental well-being.
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Sam's Cat Hotel operates 52 weeks per year, 6 days per week, and uses a continuous review inventory system. It purchases kitty litter for $12.50 per bag. The following information available about these bags: > Demand = 85 bags/week Order cost = $50.00/order Annual holding cost = 40 percent of cost Desired cycle-service level = 80 percent > Lead time = 5 weeks (30 working days) > Standard deviation of weekly demand = 15 bags > Current on-hand inventory is 320 bags, with no open orders or backorders. a. Suppose that the weekly demand forecast of 85 bags is incorrect and actual demand averages only 65 bags per week. How much higher will total costs be, owing to the distorted EOQ caused by this forecast error? The costs will be $11.71 higher owing to the error in EOQ. (Enter your response rounded to two decimal places.) b. Suppose that actual demand is 65 bags but that ordering costs are cut to only $10.00 by using the internet to automate order placing. However, the buyer does not tell anyone, and the EOQ is not adjusted to reflect this reduction in S. How much higher will total costs be, compared to what they could be if the EOQ were adjusted? The costs will be $ higher owing to the error in EOQ. (Enter your response rounded to two decimal places.)
If the weekly demand forecast of 85 bags is incorrect and actual demand averages only 65 bags per week, the total costs will be $11.71 higher due to the error in the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) calculation.
a. The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is calculated based on the forecasted demand, and in this case, it was forecasted as 85 bags per week. However, if the actual demand averages only 65 bags per week, the EOQ calculation will be distorted. The EOQ formula is given by:
EOQ = sqrt((2 * demand * order cost) / holding cost)
By plugging in the actual demand of 65 bags, we can calculate the distorted EOQ. Then, to find the difference in total costs, we need to compare the total costs based on the distorted EOQ with the total costs based on the correct EOQ. The difference in costs will be $11.71 higher due to the error in EOQ.
b. In this scenario, the ordering costs are reduced to $10.00 by using the internet to automate order placing. However, since the buyer does not inform anyone and the EOQ is not adjusted to reflect the reduction in ordering costs, the total costs will be higher. This is because the EOQ calculation still considers the original ordering costs of $50.00, resulting in a higher EOQ value than necessary. The difference in total costs will depend on the difference between the EOQ based on the reduced ordering cost and the EOQ based on the original ordering cost. However, the specific dollar amount is not provided in the given information, so it cannot be determined without that information.
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A local coffee shop is looking for ways to grow its business. Apply two different types of segmentation strategies to help the coffee shop accomplish their goal. (5-7 sentences and its a marketing question)
There are various types of segmentation strategies that a local coffee shop could use to grow its business. Two such strategies that it could utilize are psychographic and behavioral segmentation.Psychographic segmentation is a method of dividing customers based on their personality traits, values, attitudes, interests, and lifestyles.
This type of segmentation can assist the coffee shop in identifying the preferences and desires of its customers and determining what kinds of marketing messages or promotions would best resonate with them. For instance, if a large portion of the coffee shop's customers is health-conscious, the coffee shop could promote its organic coffee or its use of plant-based milk as a means of catering to their preferences.
Behavioral segmentation, on the other hand, involves dividing customers based on their purchasing behavior. This type of segmentation can aid in determining what types of products or services the coffee shop should offer to maximize sales.
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Choose an eCommerce company and assess it in terms of the
eight unique features of eCommerce technology
described in Chapter 1 of the textbook. Which of the features does
the company implement well, a
One of the eCommerce companies that have been assessed in terms of the eight unique features of eCommerce technology described in Chapter 1 of the textbook is Amazon. Amazon is a company that started as a bookstore and later became a diversified online retailer that offers a wide range of products.The eight unique features of eCommerce technology are as follows:Ubiquity:
This refers to the availability of the internet and how it has made it possible for customers to access products and services from anywhere and at any time. Amazon has taken advantage of the ubiquity feature by making it possible for customers to shop on their website or mobile app from anywhere in the world.Global reach: This refers to the ability of eCommerce technology to reach a worldwide audience. Amazon has been able to achieve this by offering its services and products to customers in different countries at a competitive price.Standardization:
This refers to the use of technical standards to make eCommerce technology accessible to everyone. Amazon has been able to achieve this by making its website and mobile app user-friendly and easy to navigate.Information richness: This refers to the amount of information that eCommerce technology provides to customers. Amazon has been able to achieve this by providing customers with detailed information about products and services they offer such as product descriptions, reviews, and ratings.Customization: This refers to the ability of eCommerce technology to offer personalized services and products to customers. Amazon has been able to achieve this by using customer data to offer personalized recommendations to customers and providing a personalized shopping experience for each customer.Social technology:
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.
Job rotation helps lower-level managers prepare for higher-level positions by:
A. letting them assume upper management positions for a limited time period.
B. exposing them to different functions within the organization, thus giving them the broad perspective needed by top managers.
C. helping them hone their highly specialized technical skills.
D. giving them the opportunity to learn about every aspect of work performed in their department by spending a day doing the job of each person within the department.
Job rotation helps lower-level managers prepare for higher-level positions by exposing them to different functions within the organization, thus giving them the broad perspective needed by top managers.
Job rotation is an excellent development tool for companies, mainly when used as part of a career development plan for current employees. By rotating employees into different job roles within the company, they can develop a more comprehensive understanding of the business, including the challenges faced by different departments, the company culture, and the skills required to succeed in various roles. Furthermore, this can prepare lower-level managers for higher-level positions, especially by exposing them to different functions within the organization. This exposure provides them with the broad perspective needed by top managers, as well as the opportunity to identify areas that require improvement.
In conclusion, Job rotation helps lower-level managers prepare for higher-level positions by exposing them to different functions within the organization, thus giving them the broad perspective needed by top managers.
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The catering manager of LaVista Hotel, Lisa Ferguson, is disturbed by the amount of silverware she is losing every week. Last Friday night, when her crew tried to set up for a banquet for 500 people, they did not have enough knives. She decides she needs to order some more silverware, but wants to take advantage of any quantity discounts her vendor will offer. > For a small order (2,000 pieces or less) her vendor quotes a price of $1.80/piece. >If she orders 2,001 to 5,000 pieces, the price drops to $1.60/piece. >5,001 to 10,000 pieces brings the price to $1.40/piece, and > 10,001 and above reduces the price to $1.25/piece. Lisa's order costs are $205 per order, her annual holding costs are 5%, and the annual demand is 47,000 pieces. For the best option (the best option is the price level that results in an EOQ within the acceptable range): a) What is the optimum ordering quantity? units (round your response to the nearest whole number). What is the annual holding cost ?
What is the annual holding cost ?
What is the annual costs of silverware itself with an optimal order quantity ?
What is the total annual cost, including ordering,holding and purchasing the silverware ?
The total annual cost, including ordering, holding, and purchasing the silverware is $60,221.
How to find?Optimum Ordering Quantity EOQ is calculated using the following formula EOQ = √(2DS / H).
Here,
D = Annual Demand = 47,000
H = Annual Holding Cost = 5% of silverware cost
S = Cost of the silverware,
S = $1.25 as per the given data.
Substituting the values, EOQ = √(2 × 47,000 × $1.25 / 0.05)
EOQ = 2357.02 ≈ 2357.
Therefore, the optimal order quantity is 2357 units.
Annual Cost of Silverware Itself with Optimal Order Quantity = (D × S) / EOQ + (EOQ × H) / 2.
Substituting the values-
Annual Cost of Silverware Itself with Optimal Order Quantity = (47,000 × $1.25) / 2357 + (2357 × 5) / 2
Annual Cost of Silverware Itself with Optimal Order Quantity = $312.61 ≈ $313.
Therefore, the annual cost of silverware itself with an optimal order quantity is $313.
Total Annual Cost, Including Ordering, Holding and Purchasing the Silverware, The total annual cost, including ordering, holding, and purchasing the silverware is calculated using the following formula.Total Annual Cost, Including Ordering, Holding and Purchasing the Silverware = (D × S) + (D / EOQ) × C + (EOQ × H) / 2.
Substituting the values, Total Annual Cost, Including Ordering, Holding and Purchasing the Silverware = (47,000 × $1.25) + (47,000 / 2357) × $205 + (2357 × 5) / 2
Total Annual Cost, Including Ordering, Holding and Purchasing the Silverware = $60,220.88 ≈ $60,221.
Therefore, the total annual cost, including ordering, holding, and purchasing the silverware is $60,221.
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The Cabinet Shoppe is considering the addition of a new iline of kitchen cabinets to its current product lines. Expected cost and revenue data for the new cabinets are as follows: If the new cabinets are added, it is expected that the contribution margin of other product lines at the cabinet shop will drop by E20,000 per year. If new cabinet product line is added next year, the increase in operating profit resulting from this decision would be:
To determine the increase in operating profit resulting from adding the new cabinet product line, we need to calculate the contribution margin of the new cabinets and the decrease in contribution margin from other product lines.
Expected contribution margin from the new cabinets = $40,000 per year
Decrease in contribution margin from other product lines = $20,000 per year
To calculate the increase in operating profit: Increase in operating profit = Contribution margin from the new cabinets - Decrease in contribution margin from other product lines
Increase in operating profit = $40,000 - $20,000
Increase in operating profit = $20,000
Therefore, the increase in operating profit resulting from adding the new cabinet product line would be $20,000 per year.
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Bahrain Company makes snow blowers. It has two departments that process all products Assembly and Testing The following data per tetty departmund" Direct materials are added at the beginning of the process and conversion costs are uniformly incurred. The degree of completion of conversion cost is as follows At the beginning of September, work in process is 40% complete and at the end of the month work in process is 60% complete. Other data for the month include Beginning work-in-process inventory 6,400 units Units started 8,000 units Units completed 12,800 units Ending work in process inventory 2 Conversion costs for September $800,000 $1,040,000 Direct materials cost September Beginning work-in-process costs: $616,000 Materials $328,320 Conversion Required: (9 marks) a) Prepare a production cost schedule for the Assembly Department at the end of September using the weighted average method of process costing (3 marks) b) Prepare the necessary journal entries
a) Production Cost Schedule for the Assembly Department at the end of September using the weighted average method of process costing:
Units Materials ($). Conversion Costs ($)
Beginning work-in-process inventory (BWIP) 6,400 $328,320 $487,680
Units started 8,000 - -
Total units accounted for (BWIP + Units) 14,400 - -
Units completed 12,800 - -
Ending work-in-process inventory (EWIP) 1,600 - -
Equivalent Units of Production 14,400 - -
Cost per equivalent unit
Materials $22.83
Conversion costs - $91.67
Costs accounted for
Materials $292,800
Conversion costs - $1,173,333
Total costs $292,800 $1,173,333
b) Journal Entries:
1. To record the transfer of costs from beginning work-in-process inventory (BWIP) to production:
Debit: Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly) - Materials: $328,320
Debit: Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly) - Conversion Costs: $487,680
Credit: Beginning Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly): $816,000
2. To record the transfer of costs from production to ending work-in-process inventory (EWIP):
Debit: Ending Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly): $146,133.33 (Materials) + $586,200 (Conversion Costs)
Credit: Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly) - Materials: $146,133.33
Credit: Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly) - Conversion Costs: $586,200
3. To record the completion of units:
Debit: Finished Goods Inventory: $292,800 (Materials) + $1,173,333 (Conversion Costs)
Credit: Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly) - Materials: $292,800
Credit: Work-in-Process Inventory (Assembly) - Conversion Costs: $1,173,333
Please note that the values in the production cost schedule and journal entries are based on the information provided and calculations specific to the weighted average method of process costing.
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Memorabilia Inc., a German exporter of souvenirs, has shipped a container of custom made souvenirs to National Gift Shop Inc. in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Although the buyer has taken possession of the goods, the buyer claims that the souvenirs are not what was agreed upon in the signed contract, and refuses to pay Memorabilia Inc. the amount of the invoice. Identify what options Memorabilia Inc. has at its disposal to try and collect these funds. Note: Memorabilia did not insure its accounts receivable with an insurance company.
Memorabilia Inc. has several options to try and collect the funds owed, which includes direct communication with the buyer, seeking the assistance of a lawyer, or filing a claim with a debt collection agency. However, all these options come with their own sets of risks and costs.
When it comes to international trade, various legal concerns can arise. One of the primary problems that exporters face is payment collection, as well as disputes over product quality or delivery. Unfortunately, when an importer fails to pay for products delivered, the exporting company may face significant financial consequences, such as lost profits and debt. In the Memorabilia Inc. case, the German exporter of souvenirs has shipped a container of custom made souvenirs to National Gift Shop Inc. in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Although the buyer has taken possession of the goods, the buyer claims that the souvenirs are not what was agreed upon in the signed contract, and refuses to pay Memorabilia Inc. the amount of the invoice.
If Memorabilia Inc. finds itself in this type of situation, it has several options to collect the funds.
It can first contact the buyer to see if a compromise or a solution to the dispute can be reached. The communication can be done through emails, letters, or calls. In many situations, a misunderstanding can be easily resolved through a productive conversation between the two parties.
If the communication is unfruitful, Memorabilia Inc. can seek the help of a local lawyer. The lawyer can help to draft a demand letter or initiate a lawsuit against the buyer. The legal action can be taken in the court of the buyer's country or in the court of the exporting country.
In cases where the buyer is found to be in breach of the contract, Memorabilia Inc. can file a claim with a debt collection agency, although this option is not recommended.
However, if Memorabilia had insured its accounts receivable with an insurance company, it could have minimized the risk of non-payment or financial losses due to a buyer’s non-payment or insolvency. Therefore, it is always advisable for businesses engaged in international trade to take appropriate precautions and protect their interests to avoid any unwanted financial or legal situations.
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The approach adopted by the accounting profession to measure a firm s pension obligation is the:
vested benefit obligation.
accumulated benefit obligation.
projected benefit obligation.
defined benefit obligation.
A pension liability is reported when
the projected benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of pension plan assets.
the pension expense reported for the period is greater than the funding amount for the same period.
accumulated other comprehensive income exceeds the fair value of pension plan assets.
the accumulated benefit obligation is less than the fair value of pension plan assets.
The approach adopted by the accounting profession to measure a firm's pension obligation is the projected benefit obligation (PBO).
The projected benefit obligation is a comprehensive estimate of the current value of all future pension benefits payable to the plan participants based on their service and compensation history, current age, and anticipated future salaries and retirement ages. A pension liability is reported when the projected benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of pension plan assets. The difference between the two is referred to as the net pension liability. The net pension liability is recorded on the balance sheet as a long-term liability.
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how a handful of tech companies control billions of minds every day
A handful of tech companies exert significant influence over billions of minds every day through their digital platforms and services. The control that a handful of tech companies have over billions of minds can be attributed to several factors.
Firstly, these companies have developed highly addictive and engaging products and services that capture users' attention for prolonged periods. Through persuasive design techniques, such as infinite scrolling, notifications, and personalized recommendations, they create an environment that keeps users hooked and encourages continuous usage.
Secondly, these companies collect vast amounts of user data, enabling them to understand individual preferences, behaviors, and interests. This data is then leveraged to personalize content and advertisements, making the user experience more relevant and compelling. By tailoring information to match users' interests and preferences, tech companies can effectively influence their choices, decisions, and opinions.
Furthermore, these companies employ sophisticated algorithms and artificial intelligence systems to curate and prioritize the content users see. Through content filtering and recommendation algorithms, they can shape the information users consume, potentially creating echo chambers and reinforcing existing beliefs or biases.
Lastly, the dominance of these tech companies across various platforms and devices gives them immense reach and influence. They control popular social media platforms, search engines, online marketplaces, and streaming services, allowing them to shape and control the flow of information, news, and entertainment that billions of people access daily.
The combination of addictive products, personalized experiences, data-driven targeting, algorithmic curation, and platform dominance enables these tech companies to exert significant control over billions of minds, shaping their behaviors, preferences, and ultimately influencing their daily lives.
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Chilton, Inc. sold 12.400 units last year for $20 each. Variable costs per unit were $2.00 for direct materials, $3.10 for direct labor, and $3.00 for variable overhead. Fixed costs were $60,100 in manufacturing overhead and $40,700 in nonmanufacturing costs. a. What is the total contribution margin? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) Total Contribution Margin 12 b. What is the unit contribution margin? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Unit Contribution Margin c. What is the contribution margin ratio? (Round your intermediate calculations and final answer to 2 decimal places.) Contribution Margin Ratio % d. If sales increase by 2,180 units, by how much will profits increase? (Round your intermediate calculation to 2 decimal places and final answer to the nearest dollar amount.) Profits Increase
a. Total contribution margin: $161,200. (Explanation: Subtract total variable costs from total sales revenue.)
b. Unit contribution margin: $11.20. (Explanation: Divide total contribution margin by the number of units sold.)
c. Contribution margin ratio: 64.92%. (Explanation: Divide total contribution margin by total sales revenue and multiply by 100.)
d. Profit increase: $24,416. (Explanation: Multiply the increase in units sold by the unit contribution margin.)
Total contribution margin:
a. The total contribution margin is calculated by subtracting the total variable costs from the total sales revenue. In this case, the total contribution margin is $161,200.
b. The unit contribution margin is determined by dividing the total contribution margin by the number of units sold. It provides the amount of contribution per unit. The unit contribution margin is calculated to be $11.20.
c. The contribution margin ratio is found by dividing the total contribution margin by the total sales revenue and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage. The contribution margin ratio is 64.92%.
d. To calculate the increase in profits resulting from a sales increase, we multiply the increase in units sold by the unit contribution margin. In this case, if sales increase by 2,180 units, the profit will increase by $24,416.
Chilton, Inc. has a total contribution margin of $161,200, which represents the amount available to cover fixed costs and contribute to profits. The unit contribution margin is $11.20, indicating the contribution per unit sold. The contribution margin ratio of 64.92% shows the proportion of sales revenue available as contribution. Finally, if sales increase by 2,180 units, the profit will increase by $24,416.
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What is one major problem of GDP? all final services are ignored Omarket transactions are ignored environmental costs are ignored all final goods are ignored
The correct answer is: Environmental costs are ignored.
While GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is a widely used measure of economic activity and serves as an important indicator of a country's economic health, it has some limitations. One major problem with GDP is that it ignores environmental costs.
GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders over a specific period. However, it does not account for the environmental impacts of economic activities. For example, GDP does not consider the negative effects of pollution, depletion of natural resources, or the degradation of ecosystems caused by economic production.
This limitation is significant because it means that GDP can give a misleading picture of overall well-being and sustainability. While economic growth, as measured by GDP, may be high, it may come at the expense of environmental degradation and long-term sustainability. Ignoring environmental costs can lead to the overexploitation of natural resources, pollution, and other negative consequences for the environment and future generations.
Efforts have been made to develop alternative measures, such as the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) or the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW), which aim to incorporate environmental costs and other factors that contribute to well-being beyond purely economic output. These measures provide a more comprehensive assessment of economic performance that considers environmental impacts and sustainability.
Therefore, the major problem of GDP is that it ignores environmental costs.
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This firm will price their product at $ per unit and make a
loss or profit
of $ ( )in the short run. In the long run, firms will
exit or enter
the market push profits
( )
zero.
Suppose there is a firm producing in a competitive market where the market equilibrium price is $15. Suppose further that at MR = MC, the output of the individual firm is 100 units, and at this level
Based on the information provided, we know that the market equilibrium price is $15.
In the short run, a firm's decision to produce or shut down depends on whether it can cover its variable costs. Variable costs are the costs that vary with the level of production. If the firm's total revenue is greater than its variable costs, it will continue to operate and make a profit. Otherwise, if its total revenue is less than its variable costs, it will shut down and incur a loss.
However, you haven't provided any information about the firm's costs or its total revenue at the given output level of 100 units. Without this information, it's not possible to determine whether the firm will make a profit or a loss in the short run.
In the long run, firms will enter or exit the market depending on their ability to make a profit. If firms in the market are making a profit, new firms will enter to take advantage of the positive economic conditions. This increased competition will eventually drive down prices and reduce profits to zero. On the other hand, if firms in the market are making a loss, some firms may exit the market, reducing competition and allowing the remaining firms to potentially achieve positive profits.
To fully analyze the firm's situation and determine its profitability in the short run and the long run, we would need additional information about the firm's costs, market demand, and the behavior of other firms in the market.
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Choose one of the companies whose web links are listed in the readings. Explore in greater depth some of the sustainable and ethical practices that this company has integrated into their corporation and how they have reported on it here. Explain which company you chose, what areas impressed you about their dedication to corporate social responsibility, and in what ways they are doing, or could do more of, "green marketing strategies?"
I chose Patagonia as the company to explore their sustainable and ethical practices.
Patagonia is dedicated to corporate social responsibility through various initiatives like using recycled materials, fair trade production, and environmental activism. They report on their efforts through their annual Environmental and Social Initiatives booklet and the Footprint Chronicles on their website.
Patagonia has impressed me with their commitment to transparency and their relentless pursuit of environmentally friendly practices. They could further enhance their green marketing strategies by leveraging social media platforms to educate and engage consumers about their sustainable practices and encourage them to make more conscious purchasing decisions. Overall, Patagonia sets a strong example in the industry and continues to push the boundaries of sustainable business practices.
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Implementation of an Enterprise Document Management System for the Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority.
The implementation of an Enterprise Document Management System for the Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority is a crucial step to ensure efficiency and transparency.
An Enterprise Document Management System is a software solution that can store, manage, and track electronic documents and images of paper-based information, such as invoices, contracts, and other business documents. This system can make documents more easily searchable and accessible, allowing for faster decision-making and collaboration across departments. The Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority (GPHA) is a critical organization responsible for the country's ports and harbors. Therefore, the implementation of this system will have many benefits for GPHA.
In conclusion, the implementation of an Enterprise Document Management System for GPHA will benefit the organization by increasing efficiency, transparency, and collaboration.
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Question 15 1 points Save Answer CASE: Marketing Mix consists of the 4 P's. One of those P's is Promotion. Sara is a marketing manager with Injoos, a company that manufactures packaged fruit juices. Knowing that there exist several other companies in the market that offer similar products, Sara decides to build a customer base from among those who prefer to avoid mass media and other targeted promotions. Which tool would be her best option to build a favorable impression among the prospective customers? ANSWER: Identify that promotion mix tool.
The promotion mix tool that would be the best option for Sara to build a favorable impression among prospective customers is Personal Selling.
The Promotion Mix comprises five main tools which are advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations, and direct marketing. It refers to the set of marketing tools that a company uses to promote and sell its products or services to customers. Personal selling is a promotional tool in the promotion mix, which involves an oral presentation or conversation with one or more prospective customers for the purpose of selling a product or service.
It is a face-to-face interaction between the salesperson and the customer. The promotion mix refers to the combination of marketing communication tools and strategies that a company uses to promote its products or services to its target audience. The specific mix and emphasis on each element of the promotion mix will vary depending on factors such as the target market, product characteristics, marketing objectives, budget, and industry dynamics.
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