calculate the change in enthalpy when 4.00 g of ch4(g) are burned in excess oxygen according to the reaction: ch4(g) 2o2(g) → co2(g) 2h2o(g) h°rxn = –802.2 kj

Answer:

separation

Explanation:

The process of separating a mixture into its individual components is called separation. This can be achieved through various methods such as physical separation techniques, such as filtration, centrifugation, and evaporation, or chemical separation techniques, such as extraction and distillation. The specific method used depends on the type of mixture and the properties of the components. The goal of separation is to isolate the individual components of the mixture in their pure form.

ALLEN

Answer:

Synthesis reaction

Explanation:

A synthesis reaction, also known as a combination reaction, is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a new, more complex compound. This reaction involves the formation of a new chemical bond between the reactants, resulting in the creation of a new substance.

Answer:

Synthesis reaction

Explanation:

A synthesis reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more simpler reactants combine to form a more complex product. The term "synthesis" is derived from the Greek word "syntithenai," which means "to put together." In a synthesis reaction, the reactants combine to form a new compound through the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

For example, the synthesis of water can be represented by the chemical equation:

2H + O2 -> 2H2O

In this reaction, two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen molecule combine to form two molecules of water. The electrons from the hydrogen atoms are shared with the oxygen atom to form covalent bonds, resulting in the formation of a new compound.

Synthesis reactions are important in many industrial processes, including the production of fertilizers, fuels, and pharmaceuticals, and play a crucial role in the formation of complex organic compounds in nature.


ALLEN

If the half-life of radium-226 is 1620 years. Then the percentage of a given amount of the radium that will remain after 1200 years is about 42.86%.

To solve this problem, we can use the formula for exponential decay:

N(t) = N0 * (1/2)²(t/T)

where:

N(t) is the amount of radium-226 remaining after time t

N0 is the initial amount of radium-226

T is the half-life of radium-226

We want to find the percentage of the radium that will remain after 1200 years, so we need to calculate N(1200)/N0 and express the result as a percentage.

Using the formula above and plugging in the given values, we get:

N(1200) = N0 * (1/2)²(1200/1620)

N(1200)/N0 = (1/2)²(1200/1620)

N(1200)/N0 ≈ 0.4286

So, after 1200 years, approximately 42.86% of the radium-226 will remain.

Therefore, after 1200 years, about 42.86% of the given amount of radium will remain.

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The flow rate is roughly 34 gtt/min per hour. A number of bacterial illnesses can be treated with the antibiotic clindamycin. It is a member of the group of medications known as lincosamide antibiotics.

We can use the following calculation to determine the hourly flow rate in gtt/min: The volume in gtt divided by the number of minutes makes up the hourly flow rate (gtt/min). Let's begin by determining the total volume in gtt: 900 mg = 0.9 g . 75 ml of D5W and 1 g of clindamycin equal 1 x 15 gtt. 0.9 g of clindamycin in 67.5 ml of D5W, or (75/1) times 0.9. 1012.5 gtt is equal to 67.5 ml of D5W multiplied by 15. The infusion will take 30 minutes, we also know that. The formula reads: hourly flow rate (gtt/min) = 1012.5 gtt / 30 min = 33.8 gtt/min after filling in the variables. The hourly flow rate, rounded to the nearest whole amount, is roughly 34 gtt/min.

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Rigel IV is approximately 63.3 trillion miles away from Earth.

One light-year is a unit of distance that is defined as the distance that light travels in one year. Since light travels at a constant speed of approximately 186,282 miles per second (299,792 kilometers per second), which is approximately 5.88 trillion miles. Therefore, to convert 10.8 light-years to miles, we can multiply 10.8 by the number of miles in one light-year:

10.8 light-years * 5.88 trillion miles per light-year = 63.3 trillion miles

Therefore, Rigel IV is approximately 63.3 trillion miles away from Earth.

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The volume of sample at STP is 116.3L when a sample of oxygen gas occupies a volume of.200 l at 60.0 and 500 mmHg of pressure.

Given the initial volume of oxygen sample (V1) = 200L

The initial temperature (T1) = 60° = 60 + 273 = 333K

The initial pressure of sample (P1) = 500mmHg = 0.657895atm

The pressure at STP (P2) = 1 atm

The temperature at STP (T2) = 25 + 273= 298K

The volume at STP = V2

We know that from ideal gas law equation: PV = nRT such that at n is constant: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2. Then,

0.65 x 200/333 = 1 x V2/298

V2 = 116.3L

Hence the volume of sample at STP is = 116.3L

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The molarity of the solution is 0.067 moles per liter. To calculate the molarity of the solution, you first need to determine the number of moles in the solution.

Molarity is a unit of measurement used to measure the concentration of a solution. It is defined as the amount of solute present in one liter of a solution. It is expressed as moles per liter (mol/L). In other words, molarity is the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution. This unit is commonly used in chemistry to describe the concentration of ions, molecules, or other substances dissolved in a solution. Molarity is also used to measure the strength of an acid or base, as molarity is directly proportional to the acidity or basicity of a solution. Molarity is an important concept in chemistry as it is used to calculate the amount of a given substance present in a solution.

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The molality of a solution that contains 2.33 g carvone in 17.6 ml of ethanol , the density is 0.7893 g/ml is 1.12 molal.

Mass of  carvone = 2.33 grams

Volume of ethanol = 17.6 mL

Density of ethanol = 0.789 g/mL

Molar mass carvone = 150.22 g/mol

Moles carvone = mass carvone  / molar mass carvone

Moles carvone = 2.33 grams / 150.22 g/mol

Moles carvone  = 0.0155 mol

Mass ethanol = density × volume

Mass ethanol = 0.7893 g/mL  × 17.6 mL

Mass ethanol = 13.89 grams = 0.0138 kg

Molality = moles carvone / mass ethanol

Molality = 0.0155 / 0.0138

             = 1.12 molal

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combination of the crystallization and washing steps in recrystallization can lead to a significant improvement in the purity of a solid compound.

The crystallization step of recrystallization removes impurities that are within the crystal lattice of the solid.
Recrystallization is a technique used to purify solid compounds that are contaminated with impurities. In this process, the solid compound is dissolved in a hot solvent, and the solution is allowed to cool slowly, which causes the compound to crystallize out of the solution. During this process, the impurities that are present in the compound are excluded from the growing crystals, as they cannot fit properly into the crystal lattice.
The washing step of recrystallization removes impurities that are on the surface of the solid. After the crystals have formed, they are typically washed with a small amount of a cold solvent, which helps to remove any remaining impurities that may be present on the surface of the crystals. This is done to further purify the crystals, as any impurities that are left on the surface of the crystals can affect their properties and purity.

Overall, the combination of the crystallization and washing steps in recrystallization can lead to a significant improvement in the purity of a solid compound.

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Claim: The color of the hydrogen changed from colorless to pinkish when poured from the fifth beaker to the sixth.

Evidence: The substance of the hydrogen changed from colorless to a bubbling dancing around the solution to cloudy and finally to pinkish when poured from the fifth beaker to the sixth.

Reasoning: The change in the color of the hydrogen can be attributed to the differences in the chemical makeup of the beakers. The chemical makeup of the fifth beaker was likely more reactive than that of the fourth, resulting in a cloudy mixture when the hydrogen was poured into it. This reaction created a new compound which was then poured into the sixth beaker, resulting in the hydrogen changing color to pinkish.

Compound in chemistry is a substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

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The theoretical yield of PCl₃ produced from the reaction of 62.54 g of Cl₂ with 12.39 g of P is 54.93 g.

To determine the theoretical yield of PCl₃ produced from the reaction of 62.54 g of Cl₂ with 12.39 g of P, we first need to write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

P + 3Cl₂ → PCl₃

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of P reacts with 3 moles of Cl₂ to produce 1 mole of PCl₃. Therefore, we need to convert the given masses of Cl₂ and P into moles using their respective molar masses:

Molar mass of Cl₂ = 35.45 g/mol

Molar mass of P = 30.97 g/mol

Number of moles of Cl₂ = 62.54 g / 35.45 g/mol = 1.764 mol

Number of moles of P = 12.39 g / 30.97 g/mol = 0.400 mol

The limiting reactant in this reaction is P, since it produces less moles of product than Cl₂. Therefore, we will use the number of moles of P to determine the theoretical yield of PCl₃:

Number of moles of PCl₃ = 0.400 mol

To convert the number of moles of PCl₃ to grams, we use its molar mass:

Molar mass of PCl₃ = 137.33 g/mol

The theoretical yield of PCl₃ produced is:

Theoretical yield of PCl₃ = 0.400 mol × 137.33 g/mol = 54.93 g

Therefore, the theoretical yield of PCl₃ produced from the reaction of 62.54 g of Cl₂ with 12.39 g of P is 54.93 g.

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Answer:

Balanced equation:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aqueous barium nitrate and aqueous iron(II) sulfate is:

Ba(NO3)2(aq) + FeSO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + Fe(NO3)2(aq)

Complete Ionic equation:

The complete ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous barium nitrate and aqueous iron(II) sulfate is:

Ba^2+(aq) + 2NO3^-(aq) + Fe^2+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq) → BaSO4(s) + Fe^2+(aq) + 2NO3^-(aq)

Net Ionic equation:

The net ionic equation is obtained by cancelling out the spectator ions (ions that appear on both sides of the equation and do not participate in the reaction) from the complete ionic equation. The spectator ions in this case are Ba^2+ and 2NO3^-. The net ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous barium nitrate and aqueous iron(II) sulfate is:

Fe^2+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq) → BaSO4(s)

Its weight changes based on location, but its mass stays the same.

Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter present in an object and therefore, it is always the same. However, the weight of an object differs as the gravitational force on it changes. A Mass indicates the density of an object, while weight specifies its volume.

The dissimilar between mass and weight is that mass is the amount of matter in stuff, while weight is a measure of how the force of gravity acts upon that mass. Mass is the measure of the total matter in a body. Mass is denoted using m or M.

So we can conclude that The distinction between Mass and Weight is Mass is a computation of Inertia and Weight is a consideration of Force.

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The limiting reactant is calcium hydroxide. The maximum amount of calcium chloride that can be formed is 44.6 grams.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is:

Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O

To determine the maximum amount of calcium chloride that can be formed, we need to identify the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed in the reaction, thus limiting the amount of product that can be formed.

We can determine the limiting reactant by calculating the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant and comparing the results.

First, let's calculate the amount of calcium chloride that can be formed from 27.8 grams of calcium hydroxide. We'll use the molar mass of calcium hydroxide to convert grams to moles, and then use the mole ratio between calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride to calculate the amount of calcium chloride that can be formed:

27.8 g Ca(OH)2 × (1 mol Ca(OH)2 / 74.093 g) × (1 mol CaCl2 / 1 mol Ca(OH)2) × (110.98 g CaCl2 / 1 mol CaCl2)

= 44.6 g CaCl2

Next, let's calculate the amount of calcium chloride that can be formed from 22.7 grams of hydrochloric acid. We'll use the molar mass of hydrochloric acid to convert grams to moles, and then use the mole ratio between hydrochloric acid and calcium chloride to calculate the amount of calcium chloride that can be formed:

22.7 g HCl × (1 mol HCl / 36.46 g) × (1 mol CaCl2 / 2 mol HCl) × (110.98 g CaCl2 / 1 mol CaCl2)

= 77.5 g CaCl2

From the calculations above, we can see that the amount of calcium chloride that can be formed from 27.8 grams of calcium hydroxide is 44.6 g, while the amount that can be formed from 22.7 grams of hydrochloric acid is 77.5 g. Therefore, the limiting reactant is calcium hydroxide.

The maximum amount of calcium chloride that can be formed is 44.6 grams.

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On the surface, they have a lot more mobility. 

Earthworms must remain moist, which is an issue. 

Usually, if they were above ground, they would start to dehydrate. However, when it rains, the surface is sufficiently damp for worms to survive and maintain their moisture levels.

Answer:

worms like to bury tunnels underground, so when they hear the 'pit pat' of the rain, they try to go closer to the rain so that they can make better tunnels faster.

My opinion is that all animals have feelings, depending on the size of their brain. You might think this is hilarious but, I think worms know that rain can help them move faster to make tunnels, but since they have such a small brain, they think they should make tunnels above ground where water is soaking.

Explanation:

Have you ever seen a worm in puddles? Well, its because they think its easier to build in water. Its hilarious I know.

I hope this helped!

The percent of water in Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is 27.4%. including as a compost for plants, in the creation of pottery, and as a food added substance.

The molar mass of Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is:

24.31 g/mol (Mg) + 2 x 30.97 g/mol (P) + 8 x 16.00 g/mol (O) + 4 x (2.02 g/mol (H) + 16.00 g/mol (O))

                               = 262.86 g/mol

The mass of water in one mole of Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is 4 x 18.02 g/mol

                                    = 72.08 g/mol.

The percent of water in Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is:

                  (72.08 g/mol / 262.86 g/mol) x 100%

                                    = 27.4%

Therefore, the percent of water in Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is 27.4%.

Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is a synthetic compound made out of magnesium particles (Mg₂+) and phosphate particles (PO₄³⁻) in a 1:2 proportion, as well as four particles of water (H₂O) that are artificially bound to the compound.

Mg(PO₄)₂•4H₂O is utilized in different modern applications, including as a compost for plants, in the creation of pottery, and as a food added substance. It is additionally utilized in the readiness of magnesium-based materials for biomedical applications.

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The given statement "enzymes are consumed in chemical reactions and cannot be used again" is false because the enzymes are not consumed during the chemical reaction.

The Enzymes are not the reactants and enzymes are not used up during the chemical reaction. Once the will enzyme binds to the substrate and enzymes will catalyzes the chemical reaction, the enzyme will released, and unchanged, and can be used for the another reaction. Enzymes are helpful in speed up the chemical reaction.

The enzyme is the biological catalyst and is is the protein. It is used to speeds up the rate of the  specific chemical reaction in the cell.

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The chemical formula C{4}H{6} refers to butadiene, which is a linear molecule with two double bonds between the carbon atoms. The double bonds prevent free rotation around the carbon-carbon axis.

However, the molecule does have some flexibility and can undergo small vibrations due to the motion of its atoms, such as stretching or bending of the carbon-carbon bonds. These vibrations are common to all molecules and are due to the thermal energy of the system. In terms of shape, butadiene is a planar molecule, meaning that all of its atoms lie in the same plane. The molecule has a linear geometry with a bond angle of approximately 180 degrees between the two carbon-carbon double bonds. The two double bonds give butadiene a "zigzag" shape, with the two ends of the molecule bent slightly out of the plane to accommodate the sp{2}-hybridized orbitals of the carbon atoms that are bonded to hydrogen. Overall, the molecule can be described as having a flat, elongated shape.

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B) There are strong repulsive forces between the gas molecules. Strong repelling forces exist between the gas molecules, which do not exist in an ideal gas.

The statement in option (B), "There are significant repulsive interactions between the gas molecules," DOES NOT apply to a perfect gas. There are no substantial intermolecular forces, either attracting or repulsive, between the gas molecules in a ideal gas. Because of this, gas molecules may travel unimpeded and independently of one another, clash with one another and with container walls, and do so only through elastic collisions. Other possibilities include having a minimal molecular volume (C), adhering to the ideal gas equation (D), and having an inverse connection between average kinetic energy and absolute temperature (E).

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Answer: 32 atomic mass units

Explanation:

carbon is 14

hydrogen is 1 each

oxygen is 16

concentration of the reactant after 4 half-lives have passed will be 0.0538 M.

In a first-order reaction, the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. The formula to calculate the concentration of a reactant after a certain number of half-lives is:

C_final = C_initial * (1/2)^n
Where C_initial is the initial concentration, n is the number of half-lives, and C_final is the final concentration.
For a first-order reaction, the half-life is constant and can be calculated using the following formula:

t1/2 = 0.693/k
Where k is the rate constant.
If 4 half-lives have passed, the concentration of the reactant will be:

C_final = C_initial * (1/2)^n
C_final = 0.860 M * (1/2)^4
C_final = 0.0538 M
Therefore, the concentration of the reactant after 4 half-lives have passed will be 0.0538 M.

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The ashes contain chemicals which have alkaline nature and the range of pH is from 10 to 12. Ashes are made up of atoms of different elements.

Ashes are defined as something which is left after burning or destroying some substances by fire. It is a greyish-white to black powder residue left when something is burned.

In the branch of analytical chemistry ashes are generally used to identify the mineral and metal content of the chemical samples. Ash is the non-liquid residue.

Ashes contain many atoms of the elements like carbon, calcium, magnesium, potassium, aluminium, phosphorous, etc.

Thus ashes are not remnants, it contains many atoms.

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The molarity of a saturated solution of the free-base form of cocaine in ethanol is 0.49M if it has a solubility of 1.00 g in 6.70 ml ethanol.

Given the mass of free-base form of cocaine = 1g

The volume of ethanol = 6.70mL

Molarity is calculated as moles of solute divided by the volume of solution

We know that Volume of solute + Volume of solvent gives Volume of solution.

Moles of solute cocaine ([tex]C17H21NO4[/tex]) = mass of cocaine/molar mass

moles = 1/303.353 = 0.00330 mol [tex]C17H21NO4[/tex]

Volume of solution = 6.7/1000 = 0.0067 L

Then the molarity = 0.00330/0.0067 = 0.49 mol/L or 0.49 M

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The units that express specific heat capacity are J/(g°C), J/(gK), cal/(g°C), and cal/(gK). The J stands for joules, which is the SI unit of energy, g stands for gram, which is the SI unit of mass, °C stands for degrees Celsius, and K stands for Kelvin.

The cal stands for calorie, which is a non-SI unit of energy. Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree. It is usually expressed in joules per gram degree Celsius (J/g°C) or calories per gram degree Celsius (cal/g°C). The specific heat capacity of a substance is related to its molecular structure and the intermolecular forces that exist between its molecules. Substances that have strong intermolecular forces, such as those composed of molecules with multiple polar bonds, typically have higher specific heat capacities than substances with weak intermolecular forces, such as those composed of molecules with few or no polar bonds.

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Answer:

282.999g

Explanation:

2.55moles times the molar mass of CaCl2

CaCl2= 40.08+35.45(2)=110.98

2.55 moles times 110.98g/1mol

=282.999g CaCl2

In water, 1 mol of Al(ClO₃)₃ (aq) will dissociate into two moles of Al³⁺ ions and three moles of ClO³⁻ions.

In water, 1 mol of Al(ClO₃)₃ (aq) will dissociate into the following ions: Al³⁺and ClO³⁻.

When Al(ClO₃)₃ is dissolved in water, it will dissociate into its constituent ions. The Al³⁺ ion will separate from the three ClO³⁻ ions. This process is known as dissociation and is a common occurrence when ionic compounds are dissolved in water.

The resulting solution will contain Al³⁺ and ClO³⁻ions that are free to move around and interact with other ions in the solution. In summary, 1 mol of Al(ClO₃)₃ (aq) will dissociate into 1 mol of Al³⁺ ions and 3 mol of ClO³⁻ ions in water.

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The voltage produced by the colorimeter is __________ to the absorbance of the sample and ____________ to the light intensity.

E) None of the above

Relation between transmittance and absorbance is as follows.

Therefore we know that the amount of light that passes through a solution is known as transmittance.

It can be expressed as follows;

T= [tex]\frac{I_{t} }{I_{0} }[/tex]

Now we know that, I, is the intensity of transmitted light.

I is the initial intensity of light beam.

Then the colorimeter produces an output voltage which is linearly varies with transmittance that is light intensity.

Relation between absorbance and transmittance is as follows:

A = log ([tex]\frac{I}{T}[/tex])

The reciprocal of transmittance of the sample varies logarithmically varies with absorption.

Therefore, we can say that the voltage produced by the colorimeter is varies logarithmically reciprocal to the absorbance of the sample and linear to the light intensity.

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The law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas at constant temperature and pressure is known as Avogadro's Law.

Avogadro's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas at constant temperature and pressure. This law was first proposed by Amedeo Avogadro, an Italian scientist, in 1811. According to this law, if the amount of gas in a container is increased while the temperature and pressure remain constant, the volume of the gas will also increase in proportion to the number of moles of gas present. Conversely, if the amount of gas is decreased, the volume will also decrease proportionally. Avogadro's Law is based on the fact that the number of gas molecules in a given volume of gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas present. This law is an important concept in the study of gases and is used in many areas of science, including chemistry, physics, and engineering. It is also essential in the development of the ideal gas law, which describes the behavior of gases under various conditions.

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By adding antifreeze to the water in the radiator of a car, you can lower the freezing point of the liquid in the radiator. Therefore, option (a) is correct.

Antifreeze is a solution typically consisting of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol mixed with water, which is added to the cooling system of a car to prevent the engine from overheating or freezing. When antifreeze is added to water, it lowers the freezing point of the mixture, making it less likely to freeze in cold temperatures. This is due to the fact that the antifreeze molecules interfere with the formation of ice crystals in the mixture.
On the other hand, adding antifreeze to the water does not raise the boiling point of the mixture. While antifreeze does increase the boiling point of pure water, the effect is relatively small and is offset by the fact that the mixture already has a higher boiling point due to the dissolved antifreeze.

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