Sodium chloride (NaCl) can be categorized as a compound rather than a mixture.
A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements chemically bonded together in fixed proportions. Sodium chloride is formed by the ionic bond between sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions. It has a specific chemical formula (NaCl), indicating the fixed ratio of sodium to chloride in the compound. The composition of sodium chloride is consistent throughout its structure, and it cannot be separated into its individual components by physical means.
However, when sodium chloride is dissolved in water to form a sodium chloride solution, it can be considered a mixture. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically combined and can be separated by physical means. In the case of a sodium chloride solution, sodium chloride particles disperse throughout the water, forming a homogeneous mixture. The sodium chloride remains intact as ions within the solution and can be separated from the water by processes like evaporation.
Therefore, sodium chloride itself is a compound due to the chemical bonding between sodium and chloride, while a sodium chloride solution can be classified as a mixture due to the physical combination of the compound with water.
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A reaction requires 22.4 L of gas at STP. You have 45.0 L of gas at 100 kPa and 373 K. Which of the following statements is true? The gas
constant is 8.31 L-kPa/mol-K.
You do not have enough gas for the reaction to occur.
You will have too much gas for the reaction to occur.
You will have an excess of gas and the reaction will occur.
You cannot tell given this information.
Answer:
(c). You will have an excess of gas and the reaction will occur.
Explanation:
We can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of gas in each case. The ideal gas law is:
PV = nRT
where:
P is the pressure in pascalsV is the volume in litersn is the number of moles of gasR is the gas constant (8.31 L-kPa/mol-K)T is the temperature in KelvinAt STP, the pressure is 1 atm (101.325 kPa) and the temperature is 273.15 K. So, the number of moles of gas at STP is:
[tex]n =\frac{ PV }{ RT} =\frac{ (101.325 kPa)(22.4 L) }{(8.31 L-kPa/mol-K)(273K)} = 1mol[/tex]
At 100 kPa and 373 K, the number of moles of gas is:
[tex]n =\frac{ PV }{ RT} =\frac{ (100 kPa)(45 L) }{(8.31 L-kPa/mol-K)(373 K)} = 1.45mol[/tex]
So, you have 1.45 moles of gas at 100 kPa and 373 K. The reaction requires 1 mole of gas at STP, so you have an excess of 0.45 moles of gas. The excess gas will not participate in the reaction, but it will not prevent the reaction from occurring.
Therefore, the correct answer is (c). You will have an excess of gas and the reaction will occur.
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The sun is reportedly 92,960,000 miles from Earth. How many significant figures does this number have?
Answer: The correct answer would be 4
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59.6 ml of air is at 20.5 °C. What is its volume at 73.9 °C?
The volume of air at 73.9 °C would be approximately 70.91 ml.
To solve this problem, we can use Charles's Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure and amount of gas are kept constant.
Let's assume that the pressure and amount of air remain constant.
Given:
Initial volume (V1) = 59.6 ml
Initial temperature (T1) = 20.5 °C = 20.5 + 273.15 K = 293.65 K
Final temperature (T2) = 73.9 °C = 73.9 + 273.15 K = 347.05 K
Using Charles's Law, we can set up the following proportion:
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
Plugging in the values, we have:
59.6 ml / 293.65 K = V2 / 347.05 K
To solve for V2 (the final volume), we can rearrange the equation:
V2 = (59.6 ml * 347.05 K) / 293.65 K
V2 = 70.91 ml
Therefore, the volume of air at 73.9 °C would be approximately 70.91 ml.
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A bottle of rubbing alcohol contains both 2-propanol and water.
These liquids can be separated by the process of distillation because the 2-propanol and water
A) have combined chemically and retain their different boiling points
B) have combined physically and have the same boiling point
C) have combined physically and retain their different boiling
DOmIS
D) have combined chemically and have the same boiling point
These liquids can be separated by the process of distillation because the 2-propanol and water option B) have combined physically and have the same boiling point.
A bottle of rubbing alcohol contains both 2-propanol and water.
These liquids can be separated by the process of distillation because the 2-propanol and water have combined physically and retain their different boiling points.
The process of separating two miscible liquids with different boiling points is called distillation.
The procedure is based on the idea that the liquids have various boiling points.
Thus, during the boiling process, one of the fluids vaporizes faster than the other, and that vapor is then collected and allowed to condense, producing pure liquid.
Alcohol and water are examples of two miscible liquids that can be separated by distillation.
The process of distillation operates on the fact that the liquid with the lowest boiling point is vaporized first.
Alcohol has a lower boiling point than water, so alcohol is vaporized first in distillation, leaving the water behind.
A bottle of rubbing alcohol contains both 2-propanol and water.
These liquids can be separated by the process of distillation because the 2-propanol and water have combined physically and retain their different boiling points.
This means that 2-propanol and water are physically combined; that is, they do not form any new chemical bonds with each other.
Consequently, the molecules of the substances remain separate from each other.
Furthermore, both water and 2-propanol have various boiling points.
The boiling point of 2-propanol is 82.6 °C, while that of water is 100 °C. Thus, they can be separated using distillation.
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Which of the following set of quantum numbers (ordered n, ℓ, mℓ ) are possible for an electron in an atom? Check all that apply
a. 2, 1, 3
b. 5, 3, -3
c. 4, 3, -2
d. -4, 3, 1
e. 2, 1, -2
f. 3, 2, 2
g. 3, 3, 1
the possible quantum numbers (ordered n, ℓ, mℓ ) are:Option B.5, 3, -3 and Option C. 4, 3, -2
The quantum numbers n, ℓ, mℓ represent respectively the principal quantum number, the orbital angular momentum quantum number and the magnetic quantum number.
These are the three most important quantum numbers. T
here is another quantum number called the spin quantum number, denoted by ms.
Let's see which of the given quantum number sets is possible.2, 1, 3 is not possible because for ℓ = 1, mℓ can only be -1, 0, or 1. 5, 3, -3 is possible.4, 3, -2 is possible. -4, 3, 1 is not possible.
For any value of ℓ, mℓ must be between -ℓ and +ℓ. e. 2, 1, -2 is not possible because for ℓ = 1, mℓ can only be -1, 0, or 1. f. 3, 2, 2 is not possible because for ℓ = 2, mℓ can only be -2, -1, 0, +1, or +2. g. 3, 3, 1 is not possible because for any value of ℓ, mℓ must be between -ℓ and +ℓ.
Therefore, the possible quantum numbers (ordered n, ℓ, mℓ ) are:5, 3, -34, 3, -2
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-Convert 6.02 x 1020 formula units of MgCl₂ to mol of MgCl₂:
6.02 x [tex]10^{20[/tex] formula units of MgCl₂ is equal to 0.1 moles of MgCl₂.
To convert formula units of MgCl₂ to moles of MgCl₂, we need to use Avogadro's number, which relates the number of formula units to the number of moles.
Avogadro's number (NA) is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 formula units per mole.
Given that we have 6.02 x 10^20 formula units of MgCl₂, we can set up a conversion factor to convert to moles:
(6.02 x 10^20 formula units MgCl₂) * (1 mol MgCl₂ / (6.022 x 10^23 formula units MgCl₂))
The formula units of MgCl₂ cancel out, and we are left with moles of MgCl₂:
(6.02 x 10^20) * (1 mol / 6.022 x 10^23) = 0.1 mol
Therefore, 6.02 x 10^20 formula units of MgCl₂ is equal to 0.1 moles of MgCl₂.
It's important to note that this conversion assumes that each formula unit of MgCl₂ represents one mole of MgCl₂. This is based on the stoichiometry of the compound, where there is one mole of MgCl₂ for every one formula unit.
Additionally, this conversion is valid for any substance, not just MgCl₂, as long as you know the value of Avogadro's number and the number of formula units or particles you have.
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