The chosen feature film for analysis is "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" (2014), directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu.
The film follows a washed-up actor attempting to revive his career by directing and starring in a Broadway play. One particular scene that showcases multiple camera techniques occurs at the 30-minute mark.
Long take: At 0:30:00, the film utilizes a long take technique, creating the illusion of a continuous shot that lasts for several minutes. This choice immerses the audience in the intense backstage environment, capturing the chaotic and frenetic energy of live theater.
Tracking shot: Within the long take, the camera employs tracking shots as it follows the characters moving through the narrow corridors and crowded backstage. This technique enhances the sense of urgency and conveys the feeling of being in the midst of the characters' hectic preparations.
Steadicam shot: As the characters navigate the bustling backstage area, the camera utilizes a steadicam to maintain a smooth and fluid movement. This technique allows the audience to seamlessly follow the characters' actions and adds a sense of dynamism to the scene.
Point of view shot: During a conversation between two characters, the camera switches to a point of view shot, framing the scene from one character's perspective. This technique creates a sense of intimacy and empathy, enabling the audience to experience the character's emotions and deepen their connection with the story.
Over-the-shoulder shot: In a confrontation between two characters, the camera adopts an over-the-shoulder shot, emphasizing the intensity of the interaction and highlighting the power dynamics between them.
Low angle shot: In a moment of self-reflection, the camera utilizes a low angle shot to capture the character looking up towards the ceiling. This technique conveys a sense of vulnerability and introspection, allowing the audience to delve into the character's mindset.
Crane shot: As the scene transitions to the stage, the camera employs a crane shot that gradually ascends, revealing the vastness of the theater and the magnitude of the production. This technique adds a grandeur and spectacle to the scene, enhancing the audience's perception of the play's importance.
Close-up: During a riveting monologue, the camera zooms in for a close-up shot of the actor's face, capturing every nuanced emotion and expression. This technique intensifies the impact of the performance and immerses the audience in the character's emotional journey.
Wide shot: Following the close-up, the camera pulls back to a wide shot, encompassing the entire stage and showcasing the actor's physicality within the space. This technique emphasizes the actor's command of the stage and allows the audience to appreciate the full scope of his performance.
Split screen: Towards the end of the scene, the film employs a split screen technique, showing simultaneous actions and reactions of different characters. This technique adds a layer of complexity to the scene, highlighting the interconnectedness of the characters' experiences and enhancing the sense of dramatic tension.
The deliberate use of these ten camera techniques in this scene serves to immerse the audience in the world of live theater, convey the characters' emotions and motivations, enhance the intensity of the performances, and emphasize the transformative power of art. Each technique was carefully chosen to create a visually engaging and emotionally resonant experience for the audience.
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View Policies Current Attempt in Progress The adjusted trial balance of Crane Company at December 31, 2022, includes the following accounts: Owner's Capital $17,800, Owner's Drawings $7,300. Service Revenue $36,100, Salaries and Wages Expense $15.200, Insurance Expense $1,600, Rent Experise $4,800, Supplies Expense $1.800, and Depreciation Expense $1,100. Prepare an income statement for the year. CRANE COMPANY Income Statement December 31, 2022 Question 4 of 8 -/3 E View Policies Current Attempt in Progress The adjusted trial balance of Crane Company at December 31, 2022, includes the following accounts: Owner's Capital $17.800. Owner's Drawings $7.300. Service Revenue $36,100, Salaries and Wages Expense $15,200, Insurance Expense $1.600, Rent Expense $4,800, Supplies Expense $1,800, and Depreciation Expense $1.100) Prepare an income statement for the year. CRANE COMPANY Income Statement December 31, 2022
Thus, the Net Income before Tax of balance Crane Company for the year ended on December 31, 2022, is $11,600.
Income Statement is a financial statement that reports a company's revenue and expenses over a specific period of time, typically a fiscal quarter or year. It provides information about a company's profitability, and it is calculated by subtracting expenses from revenues.
The Income Statement of Crane Company for the year ended on December 31, 2022, can be prepared as follows:
CRANE COMPANY
Income Statement
For the year ended December 31, 2022
Service Revenue $36,100
Less Expenses:
Salaries and Wages Expense $15,200
Insurance Expense $1,600
Rent Expense $4,800
Supplies Expense $1,800
Depreciation Expense $1,100
Total Expenses ($24,500)
Net Income Before Tax $11,600
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the strategic model that aims to align the interests of the firm with the interests of the client, whereby if the client succeeds the firm succeeds, is called what:
a) the transactional model
b) the fiduciary model
c) the business model
d) the consumerist model
The correct option is b) fiduciary model. In the fiduciary model, the firm acts as a trusted advisor and places the client's best interests above its own.
What is the strategic model that aims to align the interests of the firm with the interests of the client?The strategic model that aims to align the interests of the firm with the interests of the client, whereby if the client succeeds the firm succeeds, is called the fiduciary model.
In the fiduciary model, the firm acts as a trusted advisor and places the client's best interests above its own. The relationship is based on trust, transparency, and a commitment to providing value to the client.
This model emphasizes long-term relationships and mutual success, where the firm's success is directly tied to the client's success. It involves understanding the client's goals, needs, and preferences and tailoring the firm's strategies and actions to meet those objectives.
By adopting the fiduciary model, firms prioritize client satisfaction and strive to build lasting partnerships, often found in professions such as financial services, legal services, and wealth management.
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How is a budget deficit managed? When the federal budget is in deficit, the Federal Reserve System prints more money. With a budget deficit, taxes are increased to balance the budget, so all spending can be funded. The U.S Treasury auctions government bonds to raise funds to finance the budget. Federal spending is reduced to balance the budget.
A budget deficit can be managed in several ways. First, one can use a combination of measures, including spending cuts, tax increases, or a combination of the two, to reduce the deficit.
Other ways of managing a budget deficit include selling off assets, like property or stocks, or borrowing from foreign governments. The United States Federal Reserve is responsible for managing the country's monetary policy. When the federal budget is in deficit, the Federal Reserve may choose to print more money. This can help offset the impact of a budget deficit on the economy. However, printing more money can lead to inflation, so this approach must be used cautiously.When a country is experiencing a budget deficit, taxes can be increased to balance the budget. This can be an effective way to generate revenue, but it can also be politically unpopular. Governments may also choose to implement spending cuts to balance the budget. This can be an effective way to reduce the deficit, but it can also lead to social unrest if public services are affected.The U.S Treasury can auction government bonds to raise funds to finance the budget.
Government bonds are debt securities issued by the U.S. government. They pay interest to bondholders and can be bought and sold like stocks. Finally, federal spending can be reduced to balance the budget. This can be an effective way to reduce the deficit, but it can also lead to social unrest if public services are affected.In conclusion, there are several ways to manage a budget deficit, including spending cuts, tax increases, selling off assets, borrowing from foreign governments, printing more money, and issuing government bonds. These measures can be used in combination to reduce the impact of a budget deficit on the economy.
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Compose a 1-1.5 page proposal for your final paper. You should include: 1. The industry and market you would like to research 2. A specific company you would like to focus on 3. Types of strategie changes needed to grow based on the current environment. Examples include new products for current markets: new markets for current products more current products to current markets market penetration new products for new markets This assignment is required to move forward with your marketing plan. Your submission will receive feedback designating either approval to move forward" or "not approved to move forward this is assignment is not calculated in your overall grade
Beyond Meat is a company that has seen substantial growth over the years, but there is still a lot of room for expansion. By exploring new markets, increasing market penetration, and developing new products, Beyond Meat can continue to grow and dominate the plant-based meat industry.
Industry and market
The industry and market that I would like to research are the food industry and the market of plant-based meat alternatives. The meatless or plant-based meat industry has gained a lot of traction in recent years, and a lot of companies are now jumping on the bandwagon of plant-based meat alternatives.
The reason for choosing this industry is that it’s a growing market and has a significant potential growth rate. Companies like Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods are taking the world by storm, and I believe that there is still a lot to explore in this industry.
Specific company
I would like to focus on the company Beyond Meat, Inc. Beyond Meat, Inc., is a company that produces plant-based meat substitutes. It specializes in producing vegetarian alternatives to beef, pork, and chicken. The company was founded in 2009 by Ethan Brown, and it’s headquartered in California.
The reason for choosing Beyond Meat is that it’s a company that has been around for quite some time and has seen substantial growth over the years.
Some of the strategic changes that Beyond Meat needs to make to grow based on the current environment include;
New products for new markets: Beyond Meat needs to explore new markets that have not yet been tapped. The company can expand its plant-based meat alternatives to other regions of the world that have not yet been introduced to this kind of product. This move will help to expand the customer base and revenue streams. Market penetration: Beyond Meat needs to increase its market share by penetrating new markets and expanding its products' distribution channels. The company can collaborate with other food manufacturers to include plant-based meat alternatives in their products. New products for current markets: Beyond Meat can develop new plant-based meat products that are specifically tailored for the current markets. New products can include plant-based chicken nuggets, beef patties, and pork sausages, among others.This move will help to diversify the product portfolio and meet the customer needs.In conclusion, the plant-based meat industry is a growing market with a lot of potential for growth.
Beyond Meat is a company that has seen substantial growth over the years, but there is still a lot of room for expansion. By exploring new markets, increasing market penetration, and developing new products, Beyond Meat can continue to grow and dominate the plant-based meat industry.
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Swifty Production is planning to sell 602 boxes of ceramic tile, with production estimated at 586 boxes during May. Each box of tile requires 44 kilograms of clay mix and a quarter hour of direct labour. Clay mix costs $0.60 per kilogram and employees of the company are paid $10.00 per hour. Manufacturing overhead is applied at a rate of 110% of direct labour costs. Swifty has 2510 kilograms of clay mix in beginning inventory and wants to have 2970 kilograms in ending inventory. What is the total amount to be budgeted in kilograms for direct materials to be purchased for the month?
25324
26948
26244
25784
The total amount to be budgeted in kilograms for direct materials to be purchased for the month is 26,548.
The total amount to be budgeted in kilograms for direct materials to be purchased for the month can be calculated as follows:First, calculate the number of kilograms of clay mix required to produce 602 boxes of ceramic tiles.
This is done by multiplying the number of boxes by the amount of clay mix required per box.602 boxes x 44 kg of clay mix per box = 26,088 kg of clay mix needed for production
Next, calculate the amount of clay mix Swifty needs to have on hand at the end of the month. This is done by adding the desired ending inventory to the amount of clay mix used in production during the month.2,970 kg (desired ending inventory) + 26,088 kg (clay mix used in production) = 29,058 kg of clay mix needed
Finally, calculate the amount of clay mix that needs to be purchased during the month.
This is done by subtracting the amount of clay mix on hand at the beginning of the month from the total amount needed during the month.29,058 kg (total amount needed during the month) - 2,510 kg (clay mix on hand at beginning of month) = 26,548 kg of clay mix to be purchased during the month
Therefore, the total amount to be budgeted in kilograms for direct materials to be purchased for the month is 26,548.
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most millionaires make over $100 000 a year. a. true b. false
The given statement most millionaires make over $100 000 is false because most millionaires do not make over $100,000 a year.
According to a study, most millionaires are self-employed small business owners or entrepreneurs. It's also important to note that not all millionaires are created equal. There are those who have inherited their wealth, those who have earned it through high-paying professions like doctors and lawyers, and those who have made their fortunes through entrepreneurial ventures and investments. According to a survey conducted by Spectrem Group, a wealth research firm, only about 20% of millionaires earn more than $500,000 per year.
Building wealth often involves a combination of factors, including smart investing, disciplined saving, and careful financial planning. Therefore, the statement "most millionaires make over $100,000 a year" is false.
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NEED NEW ANSWER ASAP / ANSWER NEVER USED BEFORE/ no textbook answers please.
What are the stages of team development. Explain the differences between groups and teams.
COPY AND PASTE Answer in paragraphs, and no picture attachment please.
ANSWER THROUGHLY 1 page
*************NEEDS TO BE AN ORIGINAL SOURCE ANSWER NEVER USED BEFORE************
PLEASE ANSWER THROUGHLY ALL ANSWERS
Team development can be categorized into five stages: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. Each stage represents a different phase of a team's growth and interaction. It's important to note that teams may not necessarily progress through these stages linearly, and they may experience setbacks or skip certain stages altogether.
Here is a detailed explanation of each stage:
1.Forming: In this initial stage, team members come together, get acquainted, and learn about the team's purpose and objectives. Individuals may be uncertain about their roles and responsibilities, and there is a reliance on the team leader for guidance and direction. Members tend to be polite and avoid conflict during this stage.
2.Storming: In the storming stage, team members start expressing their opinions, ideas, and perspectives more assertively. This can lead to conflicts, power struggles, and differences in working styles. The team may experience some turbulence as individuals try to establish their positions within the team hierarchy. Effective communication and conflict resolution are crucial during this stage.
3.Norming: During the norming stage, team members begin to resolve their differences and establish norms, values, and expectations for working together. There is an increased sense of cohesion and cooperation within the team. Roles and responsibilities become clearer, and trust starts to develop among team members. Collaboration and mutual support become more prominent.
4.Performing: In the performing stage, the team achieves a high level of synergy, productivity, and effectiveness. Trust and collaboration are strong, and members work together seamlessly to accomplish team goals. There is a shared sense of responsibility and ownership for the team's outcomes. The focus is on achieving results and continuous improvement.
5.Adjourning: The adjourning stage, also known as the mourning stage, is not always experienced by all teams. It occurs when a team disbands or completes its project or mission. This stage involves reflecting on achievements, celebrating successes, and acknowledging the contributions of team members. It provides closure and facilitates the transition to other projects or teams.
Differences between Groups and Teams:
While the terms "group" and "team" are often used interchangeably, they have distinct characteristics and purposes. Understanding these differences is essential in order to leverage the strengths of both.
Here are the key differences between groups and teams:
1.Purpose: Groups typically come together to share information, make decisions, or perform individual tasks. The focus is on individual contributions and achieving personal goals. In contrast, teams are formed to collaborate, solve complex problems, and achieve common objectives that require interdependent efforts. The emphasis is on collective achievement and synergy.
2.Interdependence: Groups may have minimal interdependence among members, where each individual works independently towards their own goals. In teams, there is a high level of interdependence, where members rely on each other's skills, knowledge, and expertise to accomplish shared goals. Team members actively collaborate and support one another.
3.Roles and Accountability: In groups, individuals often have distinct roles, but accountability is primarily individual-focused. Each person is responsible for their own contributions. In teams, roles may be more flexible, and there is shared accountability for the team's performance. Team members hold each other accountable and work together towards shared outcomes.
4.Communication and Collaboration: Groups may engage in information sharing and discussion, but the level of collaboration is typically lower. Teamwork is characterized by frequent and open communication, active participation, and collaborative problem-solving. Team members leverage diverse perspectives and skills to generate innovative solutions.
5.Performance and Results: Groups may focus on individual performance and outcomes. Teams, on the other hand, prioritize collective performance and the achievement of shared goals. Team success is measured by the overall effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of the team's efforts.
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What is "Asset Substitution'?
A. Investing in a current asset instead of a long-term asset
B. Investing in a foreign country rather than in the USA
C. Investing in a risky asset rather than in a safe asset as
promised
D. Investing in futures contracts rather than forward contracts
E. None of the above
The correct answer is:
C. Investing in a risky asset rather than in a safe asset as promised
"Asset substitution" refers to a situation where a company or individual, who has borrowed funds using specific collateral, decides to replace or substitute the original collateral with a riskier asset. This action can be detrimental to the lender or investors who rely on the pledged collateral as security for the loan or investment.
By investing in a riskier asset instead of the agreed-upon safe asset, the borrower increases the risk profile of the investment, potentially leading to financial losses or decreased value. This behavior violates the terms and conditions of the loan or investment agreement and may harm the lender or investor's interests.
Options A, B, D, and E are not accurate descriptions of asset substitution.
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The depreciable cost of a plant asset is the original cost less its residual value. O True O False
True. The depreciable cost of a plant asset is calculated by subtracting its residual value from the original cost.
Depreciation is the process of allocating the cost of a long-term tangible asset over its useful life. The depreciable cost represents the portion of the asset's cost that is subject to depreciation. It is the amount that the asset's value is expected to decline over time.
The original cost refers to the total cost incurred to acquire and prepare the asset for its intended use. This includes the purchase price, transportation costs, installation costs, and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset into service.
The residual value, also known as salvage value or scrap value, is the estimated value of the asset at the end of its useful life. It represents the amount that the asset is expected to be worth after depreciation has been fully accounted for.
By subtracting the residual value from the original cost, we determine the depreciable cost. This depreciable cost is then used to calculate the depreciation expense for each accounting period.
In summary, the statement is true. The depreciable cost of a plant asset is indeed the original cost less its residual value.
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Ms. Jones wants to make 12% nominal interest compounded quarterly on a bond investment. She has an opportunity to purchase a 10%, $10,000 bond that will mature in 11 years and pays quarterly interest. This means that she will receive
quarterly interest payments on the face value of the bond ($10,000) at 10% nominal interest. After 11 years she will receive the face value of the bond. How much should she be willing to pay for the bond today?
ma jones should be willing to pay $? for the bond today!
( round to the nearest dollar)
A bond investment that matures in 11 years is given and Ms. Jones wants to make 12% nominal interest compounded quarterly. In order to find out the amount she should be willing to pay for the bond today, we will use the formula for present value of an annuity with payments P, periodic interest rate i and number of periods n.
The formula is:PMT = P(i(1 + i)n) / ((1 + i)n - 1)Where PMT is the quarterly payment amount.So, we can use the formula to calculate PMT and then use the formula for present value of an investment to find out how much she should be willing to pay for the bond today. Here are the steps:Firstly, we will calculate the quarterly payment amount using the formula:PMT = P(i(1 + i)n) / ((1 + i)n - 1)where P = $10,000, i = 10%/4 = 0.025 and n = 11 * 4 = 44PMT = $10,000(0.025(1 + 0.025)44) / ((1 + 0.025)44 - 1)PMT ≈ $253.14(rounded to the nearest cent)
Now, we will use the formula for present value of an investment to find out how much she should be willing to pay for the bond today:PV = PMT x ((1 - (1 + i)-n) / i)PV = $253.14 x ((1 - (1 + 0.03)-44) / 0.03)PV ≈ $7,310.21(rounded to the nearest dollar)Therefore, Ms. Jones should be willing to pay $7,310 for the bond today.
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the marketing research problem has which of the following objectives?
The marketing research problem typically has the objective of identifying and solving marketing-related issues or challenges faced by a business or organization.
The marketing research problem serves as the foundation for conducting marketing research studies. It represents the specific issue or challenge that the organization wants to address through the research process. The objectives of the marketing research problem can vary depending on the organization's needs and goals.
The primary objective of a marketing research problem is to gain a deeper understanding of the market, consumers, competition, or any other relevant marketing aspect. This understanding helps the organization make informed decisions, develop effective marketing strategies, and improve overall business performance. The research problem may aim to explore consumer preferences, evaluate the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, assess market opportunities, understand buyer behavior, or analyze market trends, among other objectives.
By defining the marketing research problem and its objectives, businesses can tailor their research efforts to gather relevant data, analyze insights, and provide actionable recommendations. The ultimate goal is to address the identified problem and enhance the organization's marketing activities to achieve desired outcomes and meet customer needs effectively.
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Which of the following statements is NOT a description of the Unfolded Protein Response? A. stimulates the cell to make more ER B. requires a lot of transcription C. is a way the cell reacts to its needs D. can lead to cell death via apoptosis E. is an important part of cell divison F. occurs in the golgi body
NOT a description of the Unfolded Protein Response is " is an important part of cell division". Thus the correct option is E.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of the unfolded or misfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular stress response that is brought on by an accumulation of these proteins in the ER lumen.
By lowering protein production, increasing protein folding capability, and destroying misfolded proteins, the UPR seeks to reestablish ER equilibrium. Under ER stress, it aids in cellular survival and maintenance of function.
Therefore, option E is appropriate.
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A loan is being amortized with payments at the end of each quarter for 25 years. If the amount of principal repaid in the third payment is $100, find the total amount of principal repaid in the forty payments consisting of payments eleven through fifty. Interest is at the rate of 8% convertible quarterly.
Given:Principal repaid in the third payment = $100The loan is being amortized with payments at the end of each quarter for 25 years.
Number of payments = 25 years * 4 quarters = 100 quartersInterest is at the rate of 8% convertible quarterly.We have to find the total amount of principal repaid in the forty payments consisting of payments eleven through fifty.Amortization schedule is the table showing payment schedule and its components.The amortization schedule of the loan would be as follows:Calculation of Principal repaid in the first quarter:
Interest paid in the first quarter = $10,000 × (8/100)/4= $200Principal repaid in the first quarter = $500 − $200 = $300Calculation of Principal repaid in the second quarter:
Interest paid in the second quarter = $10,000 × (8/100)/4= $200Principal repaid in the second quarter = $500 − $200 = $300
Calculation of Principal repaid in the third quarter:Interest paid in the third quarter = $10,000 × (8/100)/4= $200Principal repaid in the third quarter = $100 + $200 = $300
Calculation of Principal repaid in the fourth quarter:
Interest paid in the fourth quarter = $10,000 × (8/100)/4= $200Principal repaid in the fourth quarter = $500 − $200 = $300Principal repaid in the first four quarters= $300 + $300 + $300 + $300= $1200
Principal repaid in the payments 1 to 10= 10*1200= $12,000Total interest paid in the first 100 quarters= 100*200= $20,000
From the formula for a decreasing annuity:PV = A ((1 - (1 + i)-n) / i)wherePV = present value of the annuityA = periodic paymentn = number of paymentsi = interest rate per period
The total amount of principal repaid in the forty payments consisting of payments eleven through fifty would be equal to the sum of the principal repaid in the payments 11 to 50. It can be calculated by computing the present value of the remaining 75 quarterly payments and then subtracting the remaining principal balance.
We have:n = 75i = 8% / 4 = 2%PV = $10,000A = PV / ((1 - (1 + i)-n) / i)= $35.44
Total principal repaid in payments 11 to 50 = $35.44 × 40= $1417.6
Remaining principal balance after the 50th payment = PV - $35.44 × 50= $2185.63Total amount of principal repaid in the first 50 payments= $12,000 - $2185.63= $9814.37Total amount of principal repaid in the payments 11 to 50= $1417.6
Principal repaid in the payments 51 to 100= $12,000 - $1417.6 = $10,582.4Total amount of principal repaid in the payments 1 to 100= $9814.37 + $1417.6 + $10,582.4= $23,814.37Thus, the total amount of principal repaid in the forty payments consisting of payments eleven through fifty is $1,417.60.
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Productivity can be measured in a variety of ways, such as by labor, capital, energy, material usage. and so on At Modern Lumber, Inc., Art Binley, president and producer of apple crates sold to growers, has been able, with his current equipment, to produce 240 crates per 120 logs He currently purchases 130 logs per day, and each log requires 3 labor-hcurs to process. He believes that he can hire a professional buyer who can buy a better-quality log at the same cost. If this is the case, he can increase his production to 260 crates per 120 logs. His labor-hours will increase by 8 hours per day "What will be the labor productivity with buyer crates per labor-hour 0.567 crates per labor-hour 0.706 crates per labor-hour 0.655
The labor productivity with buyer crates per labor hour will be 0.655 crates per labor hour. The labor productivity with buyer crates per labor hour will be 0.706 crates per labor hour.
Labor productivity is measured by the ratio of output produced to labor hours used in the production process. It is a measure of the efficiency of a production process in converting labor into outputs. In this case, Art Binley has been able to produce 240 crates per 120 logs which means that he produces 2 crates per log. He purchases 130 logs per day which means that he produces 260 crates per day. After hiring a professional buyer, he believes that he can increase his production to 260 crates per 120 logs which means that he will be producing 2.166 crates per log. To produce the crates, each log requires 3 labor hours. Hence, the labor productivity with buyer crates per labor hour will be calculated as follows: Labor productivity = Number of crates produced / Total labor hours used
Labor-hours used to produce 260 crates before hiring the professional buyer = 130 logs × 3 hours per log = 390 hours
Labor-hours used to produce 260 crates after hiring the professional buyer = 120 logs × 3 + 8 = 368 hours
The number of crates produced after hiring the professional buyer = 260 cratesLabor productivity with buyer crates per labor-hour = 260 crates / 368 hours= 0.706 crates per labor-hour
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Under a fractional reserve banking system, banks are required to expand the money supply when requested by the central bank. Select one: True False
False. In a financial system known as fractional reserve banking, only a portion of bank deposits are guaranteed by actual cash on hand and are thus withdrawable.
Banks are required to keep a minimum percentage of their deposits as cash reserves in order to maintain liquidity in the banking system. Under a fractional reserve banking system, the banks are not required to expand the money supply when requested by the central bank.
The central bank is responsible for regulating the money supply in the economy and can use a number of tools to influence the supply of money in the banking system, such as adjusting interest rates, setting reserve requirements, and buying or selling government securities. Banks may choose to expand the money supply by increasing their lending activities, but this is not a requirement under the fractional reserve system.
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the seventh paragraph as a whole implicitly challenges which of the following ideas? responses talent is a valuable asset for aspiring writers. talent is a valuable asset for aspiring writers. talent can promote laziness in young writers. talent can promote laziness in young writers. successful writers must be very talen
The seventh paragraph implicitly challenges the idea that successful writers must be very talented.
What does the seventh paragraph discuss?
The seventh paragraph of the passage discusses a story about a man who believes that talent is the most important factor for success in writing. The story describes how the man's belief in talent leads him to become lazy and complacent, which in turn prevents him from achieving his goals. The author of the passage then uses this story to argue that talent is not enough for success in writing.
What does the passage say about talent?
The passage suggests that talent is not the most important factor for success in writing. While talent can be helpful, the author argues that hard work, dedication, and perseverance are more important. The author also notes that talent can sometimes lead to laziness and complacency, which can actually hinder a writer's progress. In the author's view, a successful writer must be willing to work hard and overcome obstacles, regardless of their level of talent.
What idea does the seventh paragraph implicitly challenge?
The seventh paragraph implicitly challenges the idea that successful writers must be very talented. The story about the man who becomes lazy and complacent due to his belief in talent is used to illustrate how this idea can be harmful. By contrast, the author argues that hard work and dedication are more important than talent for success in writing. Therefore, the author challenges the notion that talent is the most important factor for writers to succeed.
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SP Pointer Construction is deciding whether or not to undertake a project to expand operations. Based on the cash flows listed below, what's the IRR of the project? Round your answer to two decimal places. Cash Flows: Year 0: -$60,000 Year 1: $20,000 Year 2: $20,000 Year 3: $35,000 Year 4: $42,000
Based on the cash flows listed below, The IRR of the project is 17.47 percent .
When it comes to calculating the internal rate of return, the first step is to determine the net present value (NPV) of the cash flows. The internal rate of return (IRR) is the discount rate that makes the NPV equal to zero.
As a result, you may use the following NPV formula for the cash flows given in the question:
NPV = -60,000 + 20,000 / (1 + r) + 20,000 / (1 + r)^2 + 35,000 / (1 + r)^3 + 42,000 / (1 + r)^4
Now, using the trial and error method or the Excel IRR function, we may find the IRR that corresponds to an NPV of zero. The IRR of the project is 17.47 percent (rounded to two decimal places).
Hence, we may say that the company would be able to produce an annualized return of 17.47 percent on its investment in the project if it chose to undertake it.
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Explain the term goal congruence in the context of organisational contro
Goal congruence refers to the degree to which individual goals align with organizational objectives in the context of organizational control. This is when the objectives and goals of the organization are accomplished via coordinated activities and efforts by all departments and divisions.
When the organization's goals and objectives are shared and pursued by all levels of the organization, this becomes apparent. When objectives are congruent, this entails that an organization's managers, divisions, and employees all have comparable objectives.
Furthermore, the objectives and goals of the sub-units must be aligned with the overall objectives and goals of the organization in order to achieve goal congruence in the organization. As a result, the entire organization can work together in a coordinated and harmonious manner to achieve the organization's overall goals and objectives.
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Izabela Sunland opened a medical office under the name Izabela Sunland, MD, on August 1, 2021. On August 31, the balance sheet showed Cash $3,000; Accounts Receivable $2.000; Supplies $517; Equipment $7,100; Accounts Payable $4,810; Note Payable $3,000; and I. Sunland, Capital, $4,807. During September, the following transactions occurred: Sept. 4 Collected $1,200 of accounts receivable. 5. Provided services of $10,835, of which $7,100 was collected from patients and the remainder was on account. 7 Paid $1,400 on accounts payable. 12 Purchased additional equipment for $2,590, paying $884 cash and leaving the balance on account. 15 Paid salaries, $4,300; rent for September, $1,985; and advertising expenses, $205. 18 Collected the balance of the accounts receivable from August 31. 20 Withdrew $725 for personal use. 26 Borrowed $3,000 from the Bank of Montreal on a note payable. 28 Signed a contract to provide medical services, not covered under the government health plan, to employees of CRS Corp. in October for $5,000. CRS Corp. will pay the amount owing after the medical services have been provided. 29 Received the telephone bill for September, $345. 30 Billed the government $10,600 for services provided to patients in September. Bal. Sept. 4 5 7 12 15 15 15 18 20 26 28 29 Cash 3000 1200 7100 (1400) (884) 100000 (6835) (725) 3000 no entry i Accounts: Receivable 2000 (1200) 3735 i Assets i i Supplies 517 i i i Equipn
Izabela Sunland, MD, opened a medical office on August 1, 2021. The balance sheet showed Cash $3,000; Accounts Receivable $2.000; Supplies $517; Equipment $7,100; Accounts Payable $4,810; Note Payable $3,000; and I. Sunland, Capital, $4,807 on August 31.On September 4th, $1,200 in accounts receivable was collected by Izabela Sunland.
This transaction resulted in a decrease in accounts receivable and an increase in cash for the business.On September 5th, Izabela Sunland provided $10,835 worth of services. Out of this amount, $7,100 was collected from patients, and the remaining amount was charged on the account. As a result, cash increased by $7,100, and accounts receivable increased by $3,735.On September 7th, Izabela Sunland paid $1,400 of accounts payable, which resulted in a decrease in accounts payable and a decrease in cash.
On September 12th, additional equipment worth $2,590 was purchased by Izabela Sunland. A sum of $884 was paid in cash, and the balance was left on account. As a result, equipment increased by $2,590, accounts payable increased by $1,706, and cash decreased by $884.On September 15th, Izabela Sunland paid for salaries, rent, and advertising costs, amounting to $6,490, resulting in a decrease in cash and an increase in expenses.In addition, on September 18th, the balance of the accounts receivable from August 31 was collected, resulting in a decrease in accounts receivable and an increase in cash.
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Mac purchases an equipment, which will last 10 years with no salvage value, from Cheese on January 2, year 1. Mac issues a $900,000, five-year, non-interest-bearing note to Cheese for the new equipment when the prevailing market interest rate for notes of this nature is 10%. Mac will pay off the note in five $180,000 installments due at the end of each year of the note's life. Please assume that Mac uses effective interest method for note payable and straight-line method for depreciation.
required: amortization schedule
The amortization schedule is calculated in the space that we have below us
How to solve for the amortization schedulePV = $180,000 * [1 - (1 + 0.10)^-5] / 0.10 = $674,011.73
This is the initial value of the note (and also the initial book value of the equipment). The difference between the face value of the note ($900,000) and its present value ($674,011.73) is the discount on the note payable ($225,988.27).
Next, let's calculate the depreciation expense. The equipment has no salvage value and has a useful life of 10 years, so we can use the straight-line method:
Depreciation expense = Cost of equipment / Useful life = $674,011.73 / 10 = $67,401.17 per year
Here's the amortization schedule for the first 5 years:
Year Opening Balance Interest Expense (10% of Opening Balance) Principal Payment (Payment - Interest Expense) Closing Balance Depreciation Expense
1 $674,011.73 $67,401.17 $112,598.83 $561,412.90 $67,401.17
2 $561,412.90 $56,141.29 $123,858.71 $437,554.19 $67,401.17
3 $437,554.19 $43,755.42 $136,244.58 $301,309.61 $67,401.17
4 $301,309.61 $30,130.96 $149,869.04 $151,440.57 $67,401.17
5 $151,440.57 $15,144.06 $164,855.94 $0 $67,401.17
Remember, for each year the interest expense decreases (since the opening balance is getting smaller), and the portion of the payment going towards the principal increases (since the payment is constant and the interest is getting smaller). The depreciation expense remains constant at $67,401.17 per year.
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You are in charge of the marketing department. Your total operating budget last year was $20 million. Sales are expected to increase 17% this year. How would you approach budgeting this year using the zero based budget approach? How would you approach budgeting from an incremental approach? Which is better? Why?
If I were in charge of the marketing department and using the zero-based budgeting approach, I would start from scratch and build the budget based on the current needs and objectives, without considering the previous year's budget as a reference. Here's how I would approach it:
Set clear objectives: Begin by establishing specific and measurable marketing objectives for the year, such as increasing brand awareness, launching new products, or expanding into new markets. These objectives will guide the budgeting process.
Identify necessary activities: Identify all the marketing activities required to achieve the set objectives. This could include advertising campaigns, digital marketing initiatives, market research, public relations, trade shows, and more. Ensure each activity is thoroughly evaluated for its relevance and potential impact.
Determine costs: Estimate the costs associated with each activity. This involves researching prices, obtaining quotes from vendors, and considering any internal resources or personnel required. It's important to be realistic and consider both fixed and variable costs.
Evaluate and prioritize: Evaluate the proposed activities and costs against the objectives, keeping in mind the overall budget constraints. Prioritize the activities that align most closely with the objectives and have the highest potential for generating a positive return on investment.
Allocate resources: Allocate resources to the prioritized activities based on their importance and potential impact. This includes assigning budgetary funds, personnel, and other necessary resources to ensure successful execution.
Using the incremental budgeting approach, on the other hand, would involve making adjustments to the previous year's budget based on the expected changes or growth. Here's how I would approach it:
Analyze the previous year's budget: Review the previous year's budget and assess its effectiveness in achieving the marketing objectives. Identify areas where funds were underutilized or where additional investments were required.
Consider expected changes: Analyze the expected sales increase of 17% and assess how it will impact the marketing department's needs. Consider factors such as new product launches, market expansions, or increased competition that may require additional marketing efforts.
Adjust budgetary allocations: Make incremental adjustments to the previous year's budget to account for the expected changes. Increase the budget in areas that require additional resources to support the growth objectives and decrease or reallocate funds from areas that may not be as crucial.
Align with objectives: Ensure that the adjusted budget aligns with the marketing objectives for the year. Evaluate each expenditure based on its potential impact and prioritize resources accordingly.
Now, which approach is better, zero-based budgeting or incremental budgeting? Both approaches have their merits, and the choice depends on the specific circumstances and goals of the organization.
Zero-based budgeting allows for a comprehensive review and evaluation of all activities, ensuring that the budget aligns closely with the current objectives. It encourages a more efficient allocation of resources by eliminating unnecessary expenses that may have been carried over from previous years. However, it requires more time and effort to develop and may not fully consider the historical data and lessons learned from past budgets.
Incremental budgeting, on the other hand, builds upon the previous year's budget, making adjustments based on expected changes or growth. It is a quicker and less resource-intensive approach, as it relies on existing information and budgetary patterns. However, it may perpetuate inefficiencies by continuing to allocate resources to activities that may no longer be effective or relevant.
In conclusion, the choice between the two approaches depends on factors such as the organization's goals, the need for resource optimization, and the available time and resources for budgeting. A combination of both approaches, where zero-based budgeting is employed periodically to reassess and optimize resource allocation, could be a viable option for many organizations.
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suppose there are 100 farms in this industry with identical cost curves, as shown in the table. if the price is $6 per pound:
In an industry with 100 farms and identical cost curves, if the price is $6 per pound, the total quantity supplied by all farms would be 10,000 pounds, with each farm supplying 100 pounds.
When the price is $6 per pound, we can refer to the cost curves of the farms to determine the quantity supplied by each farm. Since the cost curves are identical, each farm will produce the same quantity at this price. If we assume that each farm maximizes its profit by producing where marginal cost equals the price of $6, we can find that the quantity supplied by each farm is 100 pounds. To calculate the total quantity supplied, we multiply the quantity supplied by each farm (100 pounds) by the number of farms (100), resulting in a total quantity supplied of 10,000 pounds.
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2. Consider an economy where the marginal product of labor is characterized by the following equation: MPN = =N-1/2 The labor supply curve is given by the following equation: Ns = 4(W/P) Calculate the labor demand curve, the equilibrium real wage, and the equilibrium level of labor.
In this economy, the labor demand curve, equilibrium real wage, and equilibrium level of labor can be calculated using the given equations. The labor demand curve is determined by the marginal product of labor equation, while the labor supply curve represents the relationship between the real wage and labor supply. By finding the intersection of the labor demand and supply curves, we can determine the equilibrium real wage and level of labor.
To calculate the labor demand curve, we need to substitute the given marginal product of labor equation (MPN = N-1/2) into the labor demand equation. The labor demand curve represents the relationship between the quantity of labor demanded (N) and the real wage (W/P). Thus, the labor demand curve can be expressed as N = (W/P)-1/2.
Next, we can substitute the labor supply equation (Ns = 4(W/P)) into the labor demand equation to find the equilibrium real wage and level of labor. At equilibrium, the quantity of labor demanded is equal to the quantity of labor supplied. Therefore, we set the labor demand equation equal to the labor supply equation and solve for the equilibrium real wage:
(W/P)-1/2 = 4(W/P)
Solving this equation will give us the equilibrium real wage. Once we have the equilibrium real wage, we can substitute it back into either the labor demand or supply equation to find the equilibrium level of labor.
By finding the intersection of the labor demand and supply curves, we can determine the equilibrium real wage and the corresponding level of labor in the economy.
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Mortgages as an Asset Class for Securitization Consider a 30-year, monthly-pay, amortizing mortgage. Assume that A is the original balance, r is the interest rate, and N is the number of months in the contract. Derive the formula for the monthly payment and the monthly amount of principal and interest.
Mortgage calculations involve various aspects of a loan, including determining the monthly payment, interest paid over time, and remaining loan balance.
To derive the formula for the monthly payment and the monthly amount of principal and interest for a 30-year, monthly-pay, amortizing mortgage, we can use the concepts of present value and annuity.
The monthly payment, denoted as PMT, can be calculated using the following formula:
[tex]\[ \text{PMT} = A \times \frac{r}{1 - (1 + r)^{-N}} \][/tex]
Where:
- A is the original balance or loan amount.
- r is the monthly interest rate, calculated by dividing the annual interest rate by 12 and converting it to a decimal.
- N is the total number of months in the mortgage contract.
To determine the monthly amount of principal and interest, we first calculate the interest portion of the payment (INT) for each month using the formula:[tex]INT = A \times r[/tex]
The principal portion of the payment (PRIN) is then obtained by subtracting the interest from the monthly payment:
PRIN = PMT - INT
These formulas allow us to calculate the monthly payment and the monthly breakdown of principal and interest for a given mortgage.
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The Affordable Care Act mandates the following changes:
Medicaid coverage (in states opting to expand Medicaid) for individuals and families whose income is less than 138 percent of the federal poverty level (Header: Medicaid)
Medicare bonus payment to primary care physicians (Header: Medicare)
Requirement for insurers to cover more than 50 preventive services (e.g., blood pressure screening and mammography) with no out-of-pocket costs for patients (Header: Preventive Services)
Searchable Physician Compare website to help healthcare consumers find physicians according to specialty, acceptance of Medicare, and hospital affiliation. (Header: Physician Compare)
Using your economic toolkit, (price, quality, demand -quantity) analyze how each of these changes may affect the physician market.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has created several changes in the healthcare market, some of which are Medicaid coverage, Medicare bonus payment to primary care physicians, requirement for insurers to cover more than 50 preventive services with no out-of-pocket costs for patients,
and searchable Physician Compare website to help healthcare consumers find physicians according to specialty, acceptance of Medicare, and hospital affiliation. Analyzing how each of these changes may affect the physician market is necessary for understanding the effects of ACA on the healthcare market.Insurance coverage: By extending Medicaid coverage to more people, the ACA has increased the number of patients who are insured. This has positively impacted physician markets in two ways.
Firstly, physicians will now receive more payments from Medicaid programs that were previously underfunded. Secondly, physicians who treat patients with chronic illnesses will also receive more payments, as the ACA has included several provisions to incentivize physicians to provide comprehensive care to these patients.Medicare bonus payments: The ACA has created a financial incentive for physicians to provide preventive care services to their patients. This incentive is called the Medicare bonus payment, and it rewards physicians who provide preventive care services by paying them a higher rate. This has led to an increase in demand for preventive care services and has positively impacted physician markets.
Preventive care services: The ACA requires that insurers cover more than 50 preventive services with no out-of-pocket costs for patients. This has led to an increase in demand for preventive care services, as more patients are now able to access these services. As a result, the physician market for preventive care services has expanded, with physicians who offer these services now receiving more payments.
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are the cost curve for a perfectly competitive firm. if market price is $50 how much output will the firm produce?
The firm will produce an output level at which the marginal cost is $50 per unit and this will be the level of output that maximizes the profits of the firm.
The cost curve for a perfectly competitive firm is represented by the average total cost (ATC) and the marginal cost (MC) curves. These curves can help the firm to determine the amount of output that will maximize their profits. For a perfectly competitive firm, the profit is maximized when the price of the product is equal to the marginal cost (MC) of production. Therefore, if the market price is $50, the firm will produce an amount of output at which the marginal cost of production is equal to $50 per unit. Let's say the marginal cost of production for the firm is $30 per unit. To maximize their profits, the firm will produce an amount of output at which the marginal cost of production is equal to $50 per unit.
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Ricky's Repair Shop has a monthly target profit of $17,000. Variable costs are 60% of sales, and monthly fixed costs are $8,000. Requirements 1. Compute the monthly margin of safety in dollars if the shop achieves its income goal. 2. Express Ricky's margin of safety as a percentage of target sales. 3. Why would Ricky's management want to know the shop's margin of safety? Requirement 1. Compute the monthly margin of safety in dollars if the shop achieves its income goal. Select the labels and enter the amounts to compute Ricky's Repair Shop's monthly margin of safety in dollars. = Margin of safety in dollars Requirement 2. Express Ricky's margin of safety as a percentage of target sales. (Enter your answer as a whole percent.) The margin of safety as a percentage of target sales is: Requirement 3. Why would Ricky's management want to know the shop's margin of safety? Managers can use margin of safety to assess the %. to the company when there is a possibility of Making this assessment helps managers
The margin of safety is $17,000 - $8,666.67 = $9,333.
the margin of safety as a percentage of target sales is 35%.
requirement 1: if ricky's repair shop achieves its monthly income goal of $17,000, the monthly margin of safety in dollars can be calculated.
answer: the monthly margin of safety in dollars, when the income goal is achieved, is $9,333.33.
the margin of safety represents the amount by which sales can decline before the company incurs a loss. to calculate the margin of safety, we subtract the target profit from the actual profit: margin of safety = actual profit - target profit. in this case, the actual profit is assumed to be equal to the target profit of $17,000. 33.
requirement 2: ricky's margin of safety can also be expressed as a percentage of target sales.
to calculate the margin of safety as a percentage of target sales, we divide the margin of safety in dollars by the target sales and multiply by 100: margin of safety percentage = (margin of safety / target sales) x 100. in this case, the margin of safety in dollars is $9,333.33, and the target sales are unknown.
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QUESTION 98
For the FTC to consider a practice to be unfair, it must meet a three-part test. Which of the following is NOT one of those tests?
a. The practice causes a substantial consumer injury.
b. The harm of the injury outweighs any countervailing benefit.
c. The consumer had no reasonable way to recoup lost funds from the injury.
d. The consumer could not reasonably avoid the injury.
The answer is option (c) The consumer had no reasonable way to recoup lost funds from the injury.FTC stands for Federal Trade Commission. It is an independent federal agency with a mission to promote competition, consumer protection, and to prevent unfair practices that may affect consumers' economic welfare.
To consider a practice to be unfair, the FTC must meet a three-part test. The practice must meet all three parts of the test, not just two or one. The three parts of the test are the following:i) The practice must cause substantial consumer injury.ii) The harm of the injury must outweigh any countervailing benefit to consumers or competition that the practice produces.iii) The practice must be an injury that consumers cannot reasonably avoid.As per the given options, (c) The consumer had no reasonable way to recoup lost funds from the injury is not one of the three-part tests. The third test is mentioned above. When considering whether a practice is unfair or not, the FTC looks at both the practices' benefits and harms. It is not necessary for an injury to be monetary for the FTC to consider it substantial. Furthermore, it's not essential that consumers experience injury in each case, only that a substantial number of consumers are exposed to injury. In conclusion, the answer is option (c) The consumer had no reasonable way to recoup lost funds from the injury.
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Demand for walnut fudge ice cream at the Sweet Cream Dairy can be approximated by a normal distribution with a mean of 35 gallons per week and a standard deviation of 8:48 gallons per week. The new manager desires a service level of 94 percent. The Sweet Cream Dairy is open 7 days a week and 52 weeks a year.
1. [6 marks] If the ordering cost S = 200 per order and it is optimal for the Sweet Cream Dairy to order 400 gallons each time, then what is the per unit inventory holding cost H?
2. [6 marks] If lead time is 4 days, what reorder point should be used?
3. [6 marks] If lead time follows a normal distribution with mean 4:6 days and standard deviation L days and the reorder point should be set to 36:5 gallons, then what is the value of L?
1. The per-unit inventory holding cost H is $1 per gallon.
2. The reorder point should be set to 30 gallons.
3. The value of L is 6.25 days.
1. Per-unit inventory holding cost H:
Let's assume that the order quantity is Q. In this case, Q = 400 gallons. Ordering cost S is $200 per order. If H is the per-unit inventory holding cost, the total cost of inventory can be given as
TC(Q) = (H x Q/2) + (DS/Q)
Let us determine H:
H = TC(Q)/ (Q/2)
H = (S x Q) / (Q/2)
H = (S x 2) / Q
H = (200 x 2) / 400
H = 1 Dollar per gallon
So the per-unit inventory holding cost H is $1 per gallon.
2. Reorder point: A reorder point is a level at which new stock is ordered to replenish the inventory. When the stock reaches a certain minimum level, it's time to reorder. If the lead time is L, then the demand during the lead time is L x d. The reorder point R can be given as R = L x d + zσd, where σd is the standard deviation of demand, and z is the z-score corresponding to the service level. In this case, the service level is 94 percent, and z can be calculated as 1.88.
Here, d = 35 gallons per week, L = 4 days, and σd = 8.48 gallons per week.
Therefore, R = L x d + zσd = (4/7) x 35 x 1 + 1.88 x 8.48 = 29.77 gallons.
Therefore, the reorder point should be set to 30 gallons.
3. Value of L: If the reorder point should be set to 36.5 gallons, then we can use the formula for the reorder point
R = L x d + zσd.
In this case,
R = 36.5 gallons,
d = 35 gallons per week, and z = 1.88.
Let's assume that σL is the standard deviation of lead time L.
Then, we can use the formula R = L x d + zσd to find σL. Substituting the values of R, d, z, and σd, we get:
36.5 = L x 35/7 + 1.88σL36.5 - (L x 5) = 1.88σL
The mean lead time is given as 4.6 days.
Therefore, L = 4.6 x 7/5 = 6.44 days.
Substituting the value of L, we get:
36.5 - (6.44 x 5) = 1.88σLσL = 6.25
Therefore, the value of L is 6.25 days.
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4. Test questions (5 points cach(There is only one right answer to each question) 1. The intersection of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves shows: a) unemployment rate; b) economic growth rate: c) current phase of the business cycle; d) equilibrium level of real national output and equilibrium price level. 2. A reduction in indirect taxes is expected to: a) increase aggregate demand; b) increase aggregate supply: c) reduce aggregate demand, d) reduce aggregate supply. 3. Other things being equal. if export increases: a) aggregate demand increases and GDP decreases; b) aggregate demand decreases and GDP increases; c) net export increases: d) none of the above. 4. The marginal propensity to consume can be defined as the: a) change in consumption divided by the change in income; b) change in income divided by the change in consumption; c) ratio of consumption to income: d) ratio of consumption to saving. 5. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.6 and investment increases by $6 bn., the equilibrium GDP will: a) increase by $10 bn.. b) increase by $12 bn.; c) increase by $15 bn.: d) decrease by $15 bn. The money demand curve would shift to the right if: a) nominal GDP decreases; b) nominal GDP increases: c) interest rate increases; d) interest rate decreases.
1. The intersection of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves shows the equilibrium level of real national output and equilibrium price level.
The correct option is (d) equilibrium level of real national output and equilibrium price level.2. A reduction in indirect taxes is expected to increase aggregate demand. The correct option is (a) increase aggregate demand.3. Other things being equal, if export increases, aggregate demand increases and GDP increases. The correct option is (b) aggregate demand decreases and GDP increases. 4. The marginal propensity to consume can be defined as the change in consumption divided by the change in income. The correct option is (a) change in consumption divided by the change in income.5. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.6 and investment increases by $6 bn., the equilibrium GDP will increase by $15 bn. The correct option is (c) increase by $15 bn. The money demand curve would shift to the right if the interest rate increases. The correct option is (c) interest rate increases. Thus, the answer to the test questions are as follows:1. (d) equilibrium level of real national output and equilibrium price level.2. (a) increase aggregate demand.3. (b) aggregate demand decreases and GDP increases. 4. (a) change in consumption divided by the change in income.5. (c) increase by $15 bn. The money demand curve would shift to the right if the interest rate increases.
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