Answer:
Second option is the correct
Explanation:
During
, a cell divides to produce a new, genetically identical cell.
Sunlight energizes electrons that pass into an electron transport chain where they help move ______ from low to high concentration. The electrons are loaded onto ______ at the end of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
Sunlight energizes electrons that pass into an electron transport chain where they help move H+ from low to high concentration. The electrons are loaded onto NADP+ at the end of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
Many dye molecules in each photocenter act as antennas absorbing light and transferring the energy of excited electrons to chlorophyll molecules that act as reaction centers. The reactive center chlorophyll then transfers its high-energy electrons to an acceptor molecule in the electron transport chain.
This is where the light comes into play. Light absorbed during photosynthesis is used to energetically boost electrons uphill. From there, it rolls downhill through the electron transport chain, releasing energy that can be used to form ATP. Light excites electrons from the chlorophyll pair and transfers them to the primary electron acceptor. Then we need to exchange the excited electrons.
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Which of the following are true about the resting membrane potential? (Select all that apply.)
A. It results from voltage-gated sodium channels remaining open for long periods of time.
B. It results from K+ ions diffusing out of the cell.
C. It results from the sodium-potassium pump moving more Na+ ions out of the cell than K+ ions into the cell.
C is the proper answer since it generates various electrostatic charges across the resting membrane. It happens as a result of the sodium-potassium pump pushing Na+ ions out of the cell than K+ ions in.
The resting membrane potential, or simply the resting potential, is the voltage present across the membrane of a resting membrane (non-signaling) neuron.
The permeability of the membrane to each type of ion and the concentration gradients of ions across it define the resting membrane.
All animal cells include an enzyme called an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase called the sodium-potassium pump, also known as sodium-potassium pump adenosine triphosphatase, sodium-potassium pump, or sodium-potassium ATPase. In terms of cell physiology, it serves a number of purposes.
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Types of Forces:Question 2
When placed at equal distances apart, the greatest gravitational
attraction will be between two
The force of attraction between any two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, according to Newton's universal law of gravitation.
The strongest gravitational attraction between two objects placed at equal distances apart will be between them.
Image for Types of Forces: Question 2 The strongest gravitational pull will occur between two objects that are equally spaced apart?
The gravitational attraction between two skateboards will be highest when they are positioned at equal distances apart. The relationship between two objects' gravitational pull and their separation increases, The force of gravity weakens as the distance between two things grows.
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What is the term for the ability of the brain to prioritize the sensory input it receives and to ignore unimportant stimuli?.
Sensory processing is the ability of the brain to prioritize the sensory input it receives and to ignore unimportant stimuli.
The brain distinguishes sensory stimuli through a sensory pathway action potentials from sensory receptors travel along neurons that are dedicated to a particular stimulus. These neurons are dedicated to that particular stimulus and synapse with particular neurons in the brain or spinal cord.
Sensory processing deals with how the brain processes sensory input from multiple sensory modalities. examples of sensory processing include Children may overreact to sounds, actions and food textures. Or they may underreact to sensory input. Some examples include jumping off tall things or swinging too high on the playground.
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Plants conduct gas exchange in photosynthesis by bringing in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through openings called.
Answer: stomata
Explanation:
Write down the example of bacterial motility?
A bacterium moving towards a food source is an example of bacterial motility.
Bacterial motility refers to bacteria's capacity to move autonomously utilizing metabolic energy. Most of the motility mechanisms that emerged in bacteria also evolved in archaea. Bacterial locomotion, or motility, is an essential feature. Bacterial motility is classified into three types: flagellar, spirochaetal, and gliding. Bacterial motility is believed to have a role in putting them in a niche rich in desirable nutrients, low in harmful or unwanted chemicals, or rich in protective sites. Bacterial motility is demonstrated by bacteria migrating towards a food source. A high cost is frequently matched by a large reward, implying that cell mobility is critical for survival. The ultimate benefit of bacterial motility is that it permits a cell to more efficiently store necessary resources in a competitive environment.
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a dna segment of atcgat would be transcribed into a mrna sequence of which would in turn be translated into a sequence of
A DNA segment of ATCGAT would be transcribed into an mRNA sequence which would in turn be translated into a sequence of UAGCUA, AUCGAU.
Transcription is the process by which information on a DNA strand is copied into new messenger RNA molecules. The process of copying DNA into RNA is called transcription, and the process of using RNA to make proteins is called translation. The process of making mRNA from DNA, called transcription, takes place in the cell nucleus.
RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template strand and forms phosphodiester bonds. This binding joins the RNA nucleotides individually to form a single-stranded mRNA. This will synthesize the mRNA together with the thawed DNA portion. Translation takes place in ribosomes in the cell's cytoplasm, where the mRNA is read and translated into chains of amino acids that make up the synthesized protein.
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in posthyperventilation apnea (phva), respirations stop after hyperventilation followed by the return of rhythmic breathing. what stimulus causes the hyperventilation?
The reason of the hyperventilation is an anxiety or panic stimuli.
How and why does hypoventilation occur?A state of diminished or insufficient ventilation is referred to as hypoventilation. Hypoventilation can be caused by a variety of things. However, problems of the respiratory muscles, diseases of the neural system, or depression of the central nervous system are the main causes of hypoventilation.
What is the potential trigger for hyperventilation?The most frequent causes of this syndrome are worry, panic, jitters, or stress. A panic attack is a common shape that it takes. Bleeding is one of the other causes.
What occurs physically when someone is hyperventilating?Hyperventilation is characterized by breathing that exceeds the body's metabolic requirements, expelling more carbon dioxide than is produced and, as a result, leading to respiratory alkalosis and a raised blood pH.
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In a process called ______, an rna copy of a gene sequence on the dna molecule is made.
In a process called transcription, an RNA copy of a gene sequence on the DNA molecule is made.
Transcription is the first step in gene expression. This involves copying the DNA sequence of a gene to create an RNA molecule. Transcription is done by an enzyme called RNA polymerase, which joins nucleotides together to form an RNA chain. All RNA in the cell is made by DNA transcription. This process has some similarities with the process of DNA replication described in the chapter.
Transcription begins by opening and unwinding small sections of the DNA double helix to reveal the bases of each strand of DNA. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase uses DNA as a template to create pre-mRNA transcripts. Pre-mRNA is processed to form mature mRNA molecules that can be translated to build the protein molecules encoded by the original gene.
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The birth of a red knot
They can be found in a range of colors, including red, gold, green, blue, and even black, though red is the color that is most frequently utilized. This is so that it can represent luck and wealth.
What do red knots mean?They can be found in a range of colors, including red, gold, green, blue, and even black, though red is the color that is most frequently utilized. This is so that it can represent luck and wealth. The red knot, also known as the just knot, is a medium-sized shorebird that nests in tundra and the Arctic Cordillera in Canada, Europe, and Russia's extreme north.It is the second-largest Calidrids sandpiper after the big knot. Recognized subspecies number six.Arthropods and larvae are preferred food items at the breeding grounds, whereas different hard-shelled mollusks are taken at other feeding areas at other times. Their diet varies depending on the season.While the Eurasian populations spend the winter in Africa, Papua New Guinea, Australia, and New Zealand, North American breeders travel to coastal regions in Europe and South America.When not breeding, this bird forms large flocks. Tringa cantus was the name given to the red knot by Carl Linnaeus in his seminal 1758 10th edition of Sistema Nature.According to one idea, the knot's name and species epithet are derived from King Cnut; the name would allude to the knot's foraging along the tide line and the legend surrounding Cnut and the tide.To learn more about red knots, refer to:
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which statement best explains why modern europeans, asians, or africans lack denisovan dna in their genome? a. denisovans never interbred with any population of homo sapiens. b. denisovans dna was eliminated from those populations by strong purifying selection. c. denisovans interbred only with the population whose ancestors are melanesians. d. neanderthal genes and denisovan genes are incompatible, so modern populations have one or the other.
Denisovans interbred with only the population whose ancestors are Melanesians statement best explains the reason modern Europeans, Asians, or Africans lack Denisovan DNA in their genome.
So, the correct option is C.
383,000 extra base pairs of DNA that appear to have come from Denisovans are present in Melanesians. It entered the DNA of the ancestors of the Melanesian people between 60,000 and 170,000 years ago. According to the researchers, 79% of a heterogeneous sample of Melanesians currently carry this variation. According to many researchers, their study provides the greatest proof yet that Denisovan DNA is present in Europeans. It indicates that ancient hominins dispersed their genes around fairly easily.
This species is the first fossil hominin to be recognized as a distinct species solely based on its DNA. Both Neanderthals and contemporary people have a close relationship with Denisovans.
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Write a scientific explanation describing all the processes by which the variations of traits develop within a human family. In your rebuttal, discuss how recessive traits can be expressed in
offspring but not parents.
Alleles can be rearranged within an organism's progeny as a result of recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, random mating, random fertilisation, and mutation, which can create completely new alleles in a population.
What is a recessive trait ?Only when both of the related alleles are recessive do recessive features manifest themselves. The likelihood of the related trait manifesting itself is decreased if one of the alleles is dominant.
Only those with the genotype aa can express recessive traits, hence in order for a child to have a recessive trait, both parents must pass on one recessive allele. In contrast to a dominant cleft chin, a smooth chin is an example of a recessive genetic characteristic.Only those who are homozygous, or in possession of two copies of the allele, experience the consequences of recessive alleles. For instance, having blue eyes necessitates possessing two copies of the "blue eye" allele because the gene for blue eyes is recessive.Learn more about Recessive trait here:
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explain how animal respiratory organs have evolved to increase diffusion rates by manipulating these variables: distance of diffusion, concentration gradient and area for diffusion.
The amount of rate of diffusion of gases in respiratory organs is increased by decreasing the distance of diffusion, increasing the concentration gradient, and increasing the area for diffusion. This is explained by the Fick' law as described below,
Q = DA∆P/L, where D is the diffusion coefficient, A is the surface area, delta P is the concentration gradient and L is the distance of diffusion.
What is concentration gradient?
A concentration gradient exists when one area has a higher particle concentration than another. Particles in passive transport will diffuse along a concentration gradient from a higher concentration to a lower concentration until they are evenly distributed.
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There was once a concept where if you left
rotting food out long enough, scavengers would
randomly appear. What was this called?
Spontaneous Combustion
Random Generation
Spontaneous Generation
Random Combustion
There was once a concept where if you left rotting food out long enough, scavengers would randomly appear. This called is Spontaneous Generation
Scavengers and decomposers are what?Some animals consume carrion or dead animals. We refer to them as scavengers. They aid in the reduction of biological material to smaller fragments or breakdown. Decomposers then consume these smaller bits. Eaten by decomposers, dead materials are broken down into their component chemicals.
The heterotrophic creatures known as fungi do not make their own food. For nutrition, some of them eat the corpses of plants and animals, which contributes to the breakdown of organic waste. So they are referred to as natural scavengers.
Dead plants and animals are decomposed by decomposers. They also degrade other creatures' waste. Any ecosystem needs decomposers to function properly. If they weren't there in the environment, plants wouldn't receive vital nutrients, and waste and dead materials would accumulate.
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During meiosis i, the for each pair of sister chromatids of each homologue, attach to microtubules from the same pole. True or false?.
During meiosis i, the Kinetochores for each pair of sister chromatids of each homologue, attach to microtubules from the same pole.
What is Kinetochores ?Large protein structures called kinetochores link chromosomes to the microtubules of the mitotic and meiotic spindles to transfer the replicated DNA from a mother cell to its daughters.
Its primary role is to stabilise the spindle's microtubules so that, during metaphase, the chromosomes may align correctly at the metaphase plate before being pulled toward the opposing poles of the cell during anaphase. In order to ensure appropriate chromosome segregation, the kinetochore is crucial.Each chromosome binds to microtubules from just one spindle pole, and each pair of homologues does so from the other pole. In order to be separated during metaphase I, homologous pairs rather than individual chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate. stages of meiosis type I.Learn more about Kinetochores here:
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which statement describes emphysema?
The statement which describes emphysema is A disease of the airways characterized by destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli.
A type of chronic obstructive lung illness is emphysema (COPD). In emphysema, the walls of the overextended alveoli are destroyed, which impairs the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
A prolonged inflammatory reaction may cause disruption of the parenchymal tissues, which is what is meant by the pathological term "emphysema," which defines an abnormal distention of the airspaces beyond the terminal bronchioles and loss of alveolar walls. Airflow blockage is a common symptom of asthma. When sputum and cough are produced for at least two to three months at a time throughout the course of two years, it is considered to be bronchitis. A bronchus or bronchi will enlarge over time if you have bronchiectasis.
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The complete question is :
Which statement describes emphysema?
a. A disease of the airways characterized by destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli
b. A disease that results in reversible airflow obstruction, a common clinical outcome
c. Presence of cough and sputum production for at least a combined total of 2 to 3 months in each of two consecutive years
d. Chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi
What do we mean by the period of heavy bombardment in the context of the history of our solar system?.
The first few hundred million years after the planets formed, which is when most impact craters were formed.
What is solar system ?The Solar System is made up of the Sun, eight planets, and a variety of other celestial bodies. These celestial bodies and planets are drawn to the Sun and circle around it. The Sun, an ordinary star, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune make up our solar system.
Roughly speaking, the planets orbit the Sun in the same plane. The galactic plane and the planetary orbital plane form a roughly 60° angle as the Solar System travels through the galaxy. As it circles around the Milky Way, the Sun appears to move up and down and in and out of the galaxy.Learn more about Solar system here:
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Photosynthesis in green plants is comprised of the _____, in which h2o is oxidized, and _____, in which co2 is reduced.
Answer:
: Photosynthesis in green plants is comprised of the photolysis part, in which H2O is oxidized, and synthesis part, in which CO2 is reduced.
Why did the runner's muscle cells undergo fermentation during parts of the marathon?
(A) His body was lacking water to accept electrons.
(B) His body had excess glucose, so it could not use oxygen.
(C) His muscle cells did not have enough O2 for cellular respiration to occur.
(D) His muscle cells needed lactic acid.
The runner's muscle cells underwent fermentation during parts of the marathon because his muscle cells did not have enough O₂ for cellular respiration to occur; option C.
What is fermentation?Fermentation is the process by which sugar molecules are broken down in the absence of oxygen to produce energy for use by the cell.
Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.
The products of fermentation vary depending on the organism.
In yeast and bacteria, the products of fermentation are alcohol and carbon dioxide, and then energy.
In higher organisms such as mammals, the products are lactic acid and energy.
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Studies of identical twins in which one twin has schizophrenia have revealed a relationship between schizophrenia and enlargement of the?
The studies revealed a relationship between cerebral ventricles in identical twins having schizophrenia.
The main conclusion of the study was that practically every twin who had schizophrenia showed signs of brain structural abnormalities. Even when the cerebral ventricles were small, even when the variations were slight, relatively larger ventricles were typically visible.
Heritability is the percentage of variance that may be attributed to genetic influences. For monozygotic twins, the concordance rates of schizophrenia have been reported to be between 40 and 50 percent, and heritability estimates hover around 80%. Monozygotic twins refers to the twins developed from a single zygote due to mitotic divisions.
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what does the beetle incident reveal about Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin was an enthusiastic beetle collector. He used beetles to illustrate different evolutionary phenomena in his major works.
What happens in the beetle incident?Charles Darwin was influenced by the high diversity of beetles in the tropics, and he observed that. Charles Darwin had been cited for keeping the essay of a soul naturalist. Alfred Russel Wallace for a fortnight, thereby enabling him to revise elements of his theory of development, before jointly reporting the theory of evolution by natural selection in July 1858. The first preprint of Charles Darwin's book, On the Origin of Species using the Natural option. In 1831, Charles Darwin received an astounding invitation: to join the HMS Beagle as the ship's naturalist for a trip throughout the world. Charles Darwin's book, On the genesis of Species, using Natural alternative,
So we can conclude that Charles Darwin's natural selection the genetic traits of a species may change over time,
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the terms pyrexia febrile and pyrogenic all refer to
The terms pyrexia febrile and pyrogenic all refer to fever. The Greek root pyros, which meaning "fire" or "burning heat," is where the term "pyrexia" gets its name. Fever just has a different name in medicine.
A temperature that is higher than normal because the body's internal thermostat has been raised is referred to as a fever (also known as pyrexia). With sources citing ranges between 37.2 and 38.3 °C (99.0 and 100.9 °F) for people, there is no single accepted upper limit for normal temperature. Photo representing pyrexia febrile and fever. Nevertheless, depending on how and where the temperature is taken, the following temperatures are typically considered to be a fever: more than 100.4 °F (38 °C) in the rectus above 100°F (37.8°C) in the mouth Over 99°F (37.2°C) in the axilla (underarm) In general, a temperature measured with a mouth thermometer (oral temperature) of 100 F (37.8 C) or greater is regarded as a fever.
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what kind of tissue is always present in the hypodermis
Hypodermis is the bottom layer of the body. It is mostly made up of connective tissue and the adipose tissue.
What is tissue ?Tissue is defined as the bundle of cells combined together in order to form a structural unit that are designed a function in order for the proper functioning of the body parts.
Adipose tissue is the fat storing tissue that is made up of fat storing cells and these cells are combined together to form a group called adipose tissue. These store the maximum fuel for the body. The hypodermis is the lower layer of the body that is made up of fat cells that are combined together and are called as subcutaneous layer.
Dermis is the combined of connective tissue where it is made up of collagen, elastic tissue and the extracellular tissue that together makes up the connective tissue of the hypodermis.
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The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that helps the body convert the food we eat into fuel for the body's cells. There are several million ribosomes found within each pancreatic cell. Which of the following best explains the function of ribosomes in pancreatic cells? A. The ribosomes inside the cells of the pancreas provide information for cells to reproduce. B. The ribosomes inside the cells of the pancreas produce energy. C. The ribosomes inside the cells of the pancreas store enzymes. D. The ribosomes inside the cells of the pancreas synthesize proteins.
The function of ribosomes in pancreatic cells can be best explained by the statement: (D) The ribosomes present within the cells of the pancreas synthesize proteins.
Ribosomes are the cell organelles which are basically associated with the function of protein synthesis. They are made up of RNA or ribonucleic acid as well as proteins and are not enclosed by any membrane.
The pancreas is an elongated organ located in the abdominal region. It performs both, exocrine as well as endocrine functions. The exocrine function is associated with the secretion of an alkaline pancreatic juice which contains digestive enzymes. The endocrine function is responsible for the release of hormones (insulin and glucagon).
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How do processes in the hydrosphere and atmosphere interact to affect climate and
ecosystems? Provide at least one example.
Answer:
When a parcel of air in the atmosphere becomes saturated with water, precipitation, such as rain or snow, can fall to Earth's surface. That precipitation connects the hydrosphere with the geosphere by promoting erosion and weathering, surface processes that slowly break down large rocks into smaller ones.
What major area of the world are green? Do you think they stay green year-round? Why or why not?
The major areas of the world which are green are present in Asia and examples include Sapa Valley; Central America like Corcovado National Park etc and they don't stay green throughout the year due to seasonal changes.
What is a Season?This phenomenon occurs on a planet or moon as a result of the axis of rotation remains tilted in one direction during an orbit and examples include summer, autumn etc.
The major areas of the world which are green are present in Asia, Central America and Europe with examples of the locations being mentioned above.
They don't stay green year round due to seasonal changes that occur in which there are lesser sunlight and water in some seasons which leads to the browning of the leaves and other conditions and is the correct choice in this scenario.
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Elephants have twenty pairs of p53 genes, which are ______ suppressor genes; humans only have one pair, making them more prone to cancer when compared to elephants.
Elephants have twenty pairs of p53 genes, which are tumor suppressor genes; humans only have one pair, making them more prone to cancer when compared to elephants.
What are tumor suppressor genes?Tumor suppressor genes are genes able to inhibit the development and growth of cancer cells and related tumors, which are generally associated with key points in the cell cycle in order to avoid the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells.
Conversely, oncogenes are genes when abnormally expressed that promote the development and differentiation of cancer tumor cells, which are generally growth factors expressed in abnormal tissues or during abnormal phases of the development.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the tumor suppressor genes such as the p53 gene are able to suppress the development of cancer cells and thus avoid the proliferation of tumors, which is fundamental to controlling this multifactorial disease.
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Humans have adapted themselves to live at high altitudes around the world. What changes might be necessary and likely to do so?.
Answer:
Explanation:
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Explain why the melanic form is more abundant today than in the early part of the 19th century peppered moth
The melanic form is more abundant today than in the early part of the 19th century peppered moth because of the changes in the gene that has been caused by the complex verifiable and geological changes in territory and nature.
Moth species frequently have melanic variations at low recurrence beyond modern areas.
What are Melanic form?
Melanic structures are the practically uniform dark Carbon aria and a few middle aggregates (Insulair).
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The characteristics of metabolic syndrome include?
Greater circumference, high blood pressure, Having elevated blood sugar along with other diabetic symptoms, The features of metabolic syndrome include obesity.
high blood pressure (vessels that carry high blood pressure from the heart to the rest of the body). Individuals will experience different symptoms, but headache and inexplicable weariness are common.
Obesity is a medical condition, occasionally referred to as a disease caused by metabolic syndrome, in which excessive or excess body fat has built up to the point where it may be harmful to one's health. metabolic syndrome A condition known as obesity involves having too much body fat. Obesity is more than simply a visual issue. It's a medical condition that raises the chance of various illnesses and health issues, like heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure.
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