The decrease in the freezing point of the solution is −1.86oC.
What is the decrease in the freezing point?Now we know that the freezing point depression of a solid is a colligative property of the solution.
Thus we have that;
ΔT = K m i
ΔT = freezing point depression
K = freezing constant
m = molality of the solution
i = Van't Hoff factor
Thus;
molality = 1 mol/1 Kg = 1 m
ΔT = −1.86oC/m * 1 m * 1
ΔT =−1.86oC
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Question 21
Which of the following salts will produce an acidic solution?
K2CO3
Sr(CIO4)2
KBr
NH41
NaNO3
Answer:
NH4
Explanation:
its an acid duhhhhhhhhh
How do chemical reactions differ from nuclear reactions? (2 points) Chemical reactions involve electrons and protons, and nuclear reactions only involve protons. Chemical reactions involve changes in bonding, and nuclear reactions involve changes in an atom's nucleus. Chemical reactions involve forming bonds, and nuclear reactions involve breaking bonds. Chemical reactions involve sharing of electrons, and nuclear reactions involve the formation of ions.
Nuclear reactions include a change in the nucleus of an atom, which typically results in the production of a new element. Contrarily, chemical reactions only require the rearrangement of electrons and do not affect the nuclei; rather, they entail changes in bonding.
What is a nuclear reaction & a chemical reaction?
Nuclear fission or fusion processes were necessary for the synthesis of elements (decay). Atomic atoms' nuclei are the site of nuclear reactions, as the name suggests.Outside the atom's nucleus, in the electron cloud, chemical processes take to occur. The electromagnetic force is present during chemical processes. An atom's s and p subshells are where most chemical reactions take place. Valence electrons are those located in the outermost s and p subshells.Most of the operations we are acquainted with are powered by chemical reactions, including food digestion, and the conversion of carbohydrates into energy. Chemical processes lack the energy of nuclear reactions. In the atomic core, protons and neutrons participate in nuclear processes. Electrons orbit the nucleus during chemical reactions.Therefore it is concluded that option (B) is correct.
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100.0 mL of a 0.695 M solution of KBr is diluted to 500.0 mL. What is the new concentration of the solution?
Answer:
0.116 M
Explanation:
(Step 1)
Calculate the amount of moles using the molarity ratio.
100.0 mL / 1,000 = 0.1000 L
Molarity = moles / volume
0.695 M = moles / 0.1000 L
0.0695 = moles
(Step 2)
Calculate the new molarity using the moles and new volume.
500.0 mL / 1,000 = 0.5000 L
Molarity = moles / volume
Molarity = 0.0695 moles / (0.1000 L + 0.5000 L)
Molarity = 0.0695 moles / (0.6000 L)
Molarity = 0.116 M
Urgent!!!
A 74.0-gram piece of metal at 94.0 °C is placed in 120.0 g of water in a calorimeter at 26.5 °C. The final temperature in the calorimeter is 32.0 °C. Determine the specific heat of the metal. Show your work by listing various steps, and explain how the law of conservation of energy applies to this situation.
The specific heat of the metal, given the data from the question is 0.60 J/gºC
Data obtained from the questionThe following data were obtained from the question:
Mass of metal (M) = 74 gTemperature of metal (T) = 94 °CMass of water (Mᵥᵥ) = 120 g Temperature of water (Tᵥᵥ) = 26.5 °C Equilibrium temperature (Tₑ) = 32 °C Specific heat capacity of the water (Cᵥᵥ) = 4.184 J/gºC Specific heat capacity of metal (C) =? How to determine the specific heat capacity of the metalThe specific heat capacity of the sample of gold can be obtained as follow:
According to the law of conservation of energy, we have:
Heat loss = Heat gain
MC(T –Tₑ) = MᵥᵥC(Tₑ – Tᵥᵥ)
74 × C(94 – 32) = 120 × 4.184 (32 – 26.5)
C × 4588 = 2761.44
Divide both side by 4588
C = 2761.44 / 4588
C = 0.60 J/gºC
Thus, the specific heat capacity of the metal is 0.60 J/gºC
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Which of the following materials is the least porous?
loosely packed gravel
unsorted sand and rock
large pebbles and boulders
sorted sand and rock
Answer:
The answer is The unsorted sand and rock is the least porous.
Answer:
large pebbles and boulders
Once balanced, what is the coefficient of HCl in the following reaction:
Mg + HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Group of answer choices
A. 1
B. 2
C. 0
D. 3
Answer:
B. 2
I hope this helps.
Explanation:
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
If you burn 9.1 L of octane gas (C8H18), how many liters of steam will you produce?
From the stoichiometry of the reaction, the volume of the steam produced is 82.9 L
What is combustion?The term combustion is the term that is used to describe the kind of reaction that occurs when a substance is being burnt in oxygen. It is an oxidation reaction and the octane is burnt to produce carbon dioxide and steam.
We can try to write down the equation of the reaction as follows;
2C8H18(g) + 25O2(g) ------> 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g)
Now 1 mole of octane gas occupies 22.4 L
x moles of octane gas occupies 9.1 L
x = 9.1 L * 1 mole /22.4 L
x = 0.41 moles
Now;
2 mole of octane gas produces 18 moles of steam
0.41 moles of octane gas produces 0.41 moles * 18 moles/2 mole
= 3.7 moles
1 mole of steam occupies 22.4 L
3.7 moles of steam occupies 3.7 moles * 22.4 L/1 mole
= 82.9 L
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A weak monoprotic acid is titrated with 0.100 MNaOH. It requires 50.0 mL of the NaOH solution to reach the equivalence point. After 25.0 mL of base is added, the pH of the solution is 3.52.
Estimate the pKa of the weak acid.
Express your answer using three significant figures.
pKa value =4.76Ka
=1.73×10 −5 !! PH=4−PKa=14−4.76=9.24 for a weak monoprotic acid is titrated with 0.100 M NaOH. It requires 50.0 mL of the NaOH solution to reach the equivalence point. After 25.0 mL of the base is added, the pH of the solution is 3.52.
One way to describe an acid's potency is by its pKa value. The acid dissociation constant, or pKa, is the negative log of the pKa value. A stronger acid is indicated by a lower pKa value. In other words, a lower value means that the acid dissociates in water more completely.
The logarithm of Ka's negative value is denoted as pKa. The logarithmic inverse of the H+ concentration is pH. Acidity indication. An acid's pKa value tells you if it's a strong acid or a weak acid. The pH scale shows how acidic or alkaline a system is.
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Jon's equation ____ support his claim that matter is conserved during the chemical reaction because the reactants contain ____ ___ atom(s) compared to the products and the reactants contain ____ atom(s) compared to the products.
Answer:doesn't one more. chlorine. one fewer. hydrogen
Explanation:
Jon's equation does support his claim that matter is conserved during the chemical reaction because the reactants contain the same number of atoms compared to the products.
In a balanced chemical equation, the total number of atoms of each element in the reactants must be equal to the total number of atoms of the same element in the products.
This is known as the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction.
As long as the equation is balanced, showing the same number of atoms on both sides, it confirms that matter is conserved throughout the reaction, supporting Jon's claim.
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Which of the following best describes the interaction between water molecules?
Group of answer choices
A. Hydrogen Bonding
B. London Dispersion Forces
C. Dipole-Dipole Forces
D. Van der Waals Forces
Answer:
hydrogen bonding
Explanation:
I just think it is I am not sure
Answer: C. Dipole-dipole interactions.
Select which of the following characteristics match with the correct state of matter.
No definite shape
Highly compressible
Definite volume
Low density
The gases have no definite shape, low density, and are highly compressible while the liquids only have a definite volume but no definite shape.
What is a Matter?Any substance which has mass and occupies space is called matter. Commonly, there are three states of matter that are:
Solid - Solids have a rigid shape, definite volume, and high density.Liquid - Liquids have definite volume but no definite shape. They take the shape of the container in which they are placed.Gas - Gases have neither definite shape nor definite volume and have low density. They completely occupy the container in which they are placed.There are other two states of matter that are Plasma and man-made Bose-Einstein condensates. They are not so common.
Plasma is commonly found in the universe. Stars are the superheated balls of the plasma.
Thus, gases have no definite shape, low density, and are highly compressible. On the other hand, the liquids only have a definite volume but no definite shape.
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What is the mass of a 5.00cm3 piece of copper having a density of 8.96g/cm3
Answer:
44.8 grams
Explanation:
The density exists as a ratio comparing the mass of a piece of copper per 1 cm³. Since you have been given a new volume, you can set up a proportion to find the new mass.
[tex]\frac{8.96 grams}{1.00 cm^3} =\frac{?grams}{5.00cm^3}[/tex] <----- Proportion
[tex]44.8 = (1.00cm^3)(?grams)[/tex] <----- Cross-multiply
[tex]44.8= ?grams[/tex] <----- Divide both sides by 1.00
What mass (g) of solute is contained in 417 mL of a 0.327 M magnesium fluoride (MgF2) solution?
Answer: [tex]\Large\boxed{m=8.5~g}[/tex]
Rounded to the nearest 2 significant figures
Explanation:
Given information
Volume of Solution = 417 mL
Molarity of Solution = 0.327 M (mol / L)
Given molecular weight
Mg (Magnesium) = 24 g / mol
F (Flourine) = 19 g / mol
Total Weight (MgF₂) = 24 + 2 × 19 = 62 g /mol
Given formula
m = V × M × n
m = massV = VolumeM = Molarityn = molar mass (molecular weight)Convert the unit of volume to Liter
1 L = 1000 mL
417 mL = 417 / 1000 = 0.417 L
Substitute values into the given formula
m = (0.417) × (0.327) × (62)
Simplify by multiplication
m = 136.359 × 62
[tex]\Large\boxed{m=8.5~g}[/tex]
Hope this helps!! :)
Please let me know if you have any questions
Using standard heats of formation, calculate the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction.
C2H4(g) + H2O(g) ------> CH3CH2OH(g)
The enthalpy change of the reaction is -44.79 kJ/mol.
What is the enthalpy change?We can define the enthalpy change as the energy that is given out or taken in in a reaction. it can be calculated from the enthalpies of formation of species by the use of the relation;
ΔH = ∑Enthalpy of formation of products - ∑Enthalpy of formation of reactants
ΔHfC2H4(g) = +52kJ/mol
ΔHf H2O(g) = - 241.82 kJ/mol
ΔHf CH3CH2OH(g)= -234.61 kJ/mol
ΔHrxn = (-234.61) - [52 + (- 241.82 )]
ΔHrxn = (-234.61) - (-189.82)
ΔHrxn = -44.79 kJ/mol
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Write equations that show NH3 as both a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.
Answer:
hope this helps
Explanation:
˙˚ʚ(´◡`)ɞ˚˙
If a reactant is oxidized another reactant must be
Group of answer choices
A. oxidized
B. consumed
C. reacted
D. reduced
If a reactant is oxidized, another reactant must be reduced (option D).
What is redox reaction?Redox reaction also known as oxidation-reduction reaction relates to any reaction in which oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.
This means that in a redox reaction, electrons are lost and gained at the same time.
The substance that loses electrons in a redox reaction is called reducing agent while the substance that gains electrons in a redox reaction is called oxidizing agent.
Therefore, if a reactant is oxidized, another reactant must be reduced.
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State whether the following liquids are miscible with water (H2O) by entering "yes" or "no".
1) Benzene, C6H6
2) Methanol, CH3OH
3) Chloroform, CHCl3
How many moles of NaOH are in a 356 mL solution that has a concentration of 7.2 M?
Answer:
2.56 moles
Explanation:
7.2 M is 7.2 moles/L
356 mL = .356 Liters
x moles / .356 Liters = 7.2 M (moles/L)
x = .356 * 7.2 = 2.5632 moles
Convert the following measurement
The correct answer would be 0.034 g/L.
Unit conversionWhat we are trying to do here is to convert from milligram to gram and from deciliter to liter.
First, let's do the milligram to gram conversion.
1 mg = 0.001 g
Therefore,
3.4 mg = 3.4 x 0.001 = 0.0034 g
In order to convert from deciliter to liter.
1 deciliter = 0.1 L
Thus, 3.4 mg/dL = 0.0034g/0.1 L = 0.034 g/L
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Kendra knew from science class that water freezes at 0°C. She started to wonder
about the freezing points of other clear liquids. She decided to conduct an
experiment using vinegar, rubbing alcohol, and bleach. She pours 50 mL of each
liquid into three plastic containers that are all the same. She puts them in the freezer
at the same time and places the same brand thermometer in each liquid. Kendra
checks the temperatures every ten minutes and records her observations in her
journal.
Independent Variable:
Dependent Variable:
Three Control Variables:
YesYes , the water freezes at 0°C and every substance has it's own freezing points.
What is Freezing point ?The temperature at which a liquid solidify.The temperature at which the liquid and solid substance are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure: melting point of water is 0°Celsius or 32°Farenhiet.
The freezing point of alcohol will be -114°C .
The freezing point of Bleach will be 19°F .
The Freezing point of vinegar will be 28°F .
The freezing point of rubbing alcohol will be- 100°C .
So,every substance has it's own freezing point.
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Which metal will spontaneously react with Zn²⁺(aq), but will not
spontaneously react with Mg²⁺ (aq)?
Mn(s) metal will spontaneously react with Zn²⁺(aq), but will not
spontaneously react with Mg²⁺ (aq)
The Eo value of an electrochemical cell determines its spontaneity. Positive Eo electrochemical cells are spontaneous, and vice versa.
The relevant Eo of the half-cell in this instance are as follows for Mn(s) metal
Zn2+/Zn = -0.763v for Eo
2.37v for Eo Mg2+/Mg.
Mn2+/Mn = -1.18v for Eo.
Consequently, the equation for an Eo cell (with Zn as one of the half-cells) is: Eo Zn2+/Zn - Eo Mn2+/Mn = -0.763 - (-1.18) = 0.417v.
On the other hand, the equation for an Eo cell (with Mg as one of the half-cells) is: Eo Mg2+/Zn - Eo Mn2+/Mn = -2.37 - (-1.18) = -1.19v.
As a result, Mn(s) metal will spontaneously react with Zn2+(aq), but not with Mg2+ (aq)
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A 75.1 L sample of gas at 33.2 ºC and 365.7 mm Hg expands to 242.9 L at 6.5 ºC. What is the new gas pressure?
Answer:
103 mmHg
Explanation:
To find the new pressure, you need to use the Combined Gas Law:
P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂
In this equation, "P₁", "V₁", and "T₁" represent the initial pressure, volume, and temperature. "P₂", "V₂", and "T₂" represent the final pressure, volume, and temperature. You can find the new pressure (P₂) after converting the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin.
P₁ = 365.7 mmHg P₂ = ? mmHg
V₁ = 75.1 L V₂ = 242.9 L
T₁ = 33.2 °C + 273.15 = 306.35 K T₂ = 6.5 °C + 273.15 = 279.65 K
P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂ <----- Combined Gas Law
(365.7 mmHg)(75.1 L) / 306.35 K = P₂(242.9 L) / 279.65 K <----- Insert values
89.649 = P₂(242.9 L) / 279.65 K <----- Simplify left side
25070.433 = P₂(242.9 L) <----- Multiply both sides by 279.65
103 = P₂ <----- Divide both sides by 242.9
For which of the following reactions is S° > 0.
Choose all that apply.
2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) ----> 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)
2CO2(g) + N2(g) ---->2CO(g) + 2NO(g)
2N2(g) + O2(g) -----> 2N2O(g)
S(s,rhombic) + 2CO(g) ----> SO2(g) + 2C(s,graphite)
NH4Cl(s) ----> NH3(g) + HCl(g)
The entropy of the given reactions increases (S° > 0):
2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) ----> 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(g) ---> S° > 0.NH4Cl(s) ----> NH3(g) + HCl(g) ---> S° > 0.What is entropy?
Entropy measure how disordered a system is. It a measure of how dispersed or random the total energy of a system is. The symbol for entropy is S.
A system in which entropy increases is one in which S° > 0.
The entropy of a system decreases when S° < 0.
Entropy of a system increases (S° > 0) if any change results in an increase in temperature, increase in number of molecules, or an increase in volume.
Considering the given systems, the entropy changes is as follows:
2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) ----> 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(g) ---> S° > 0.2CO2(g) + N2(g) ---->2CO(g) + 2NO(g) --> no change2N2(g) + O2(g) -----> 2N2O(g) ---> decreasesS (s,rhombic) + 2CO(g) ----> SO2(g) + 2C (s,graphite) ---> no changeNH4Cl(s) ----> NH3(g) + HCl(g) ---> S° > 0.In conclusion, an increase in volume and moles of substances results in entropy increase.
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Which pair shares the same empirical formula? (4 points)
C2H4 and C6H6
C6H6 and C3H3
CH2 and C6H6
CH and C2H4
Considering the definition of empirical and molecular formula, the pair C₆H₆ and C₃H₃ shares the same empirical formula.
Empirical formulaThe empirical formula is the simplest expression to represent a chemical compound, and indicates the elements that are present and the minimum proportion in whole numbers between its atoms. This formula is also known as the “minimum formula”.
That is, the empirical formula is the expression of the simplest ratio between the atoms of a chemical compound and indicates the different elements that make up the molecule and the relationship between them. But it does not indicate the actual formula of the compound.
Molecular formulaThe molecular formula is the actual formula of the molecule, it tells us the types of atoms and the number of each type that participate in the formation of the molecule.
Same empirical formula in this caseIn this case, the pair C₆H₆ and C₃H₃ shares the same empirical formula. In the first case, the ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms is 6:6 or 1:1, while in the second case said ratio is 3:3 or 1:1. Therefore, the relationship is the same, so they have the same empirical formula.
In summary, the pair C₆H₆ and C₃H₃ shares the same empirical formula.
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please help!
Read the following passage.
Before Rutherford conducted the gold foil experiment, the "plum pudding" model proposed by J.J. Thomson offered an explanation for the structure of the atom. Rutherford, along with two of his associates Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, performed an experiment in which an extremely thin metal foil was fired with a beam of alpha particles. The results of the experiment were recorded accurately by another scientist who observed the frequency of alpha particles that passed through the foil unobstructed.
Use information from the passage to justify whether the characteristics of reliable scientific explanations are present in the development of the atomic theory. (8 points)
Characteristics of reliable scientific explanations are present in the development of the atomic theory in the given passage.
What is atomic theory?Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms.
The discoveries of subatomic particles such as;
electron by J.J. Thomsonproton by Ernest Rutherfordneutron by James Chadwicknucleus by Ernest Rutherfordall contributed in the development of the atomic theory.
From the information given in the passage J.J. Thomson experiment gave rise to atomic model while Rutherford, Geiger and Ernest Marsden, performed the experiment that discovered nucleus and proton.
Thus, characteristics of reliable scientific explanations are present in the development of the atomic theory in the given passage.
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How to calculate the exact molarity of phosphoric acid using the first equivalence point with the use of Diprotic and Triprotic Ka's?
As we know that the equivalency point of moles of added base will be equal to the moles of original acid, this allows to determine the number of moles of original acid.
How do you find the concentration at the first equivalence point?At the equivalency point the moles of added base will be equal to the moles of original acid, this allows the determination of the number of moles of original acid. This can be combined with the original volume of the analyte solution in order to determine its concentration.
So we can conclude that at the equivalence point the moles of added base will be equal to the moles of original acid, this allows the determination of the number of moles of original acid.
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Given the reaction
2 HI(g) <--> H2(g) + I2(g)
At 430 degrees Celsius, the equilibrium concentrations are [HI] = .5M, [H2] = 0.5 M, and [I2] = 1.5 M. What is the equilibrium constant (K)?
Group of answer choices
A. K = 3
B. K = 1.5
C. K = 0.33
D. K = 0.67
From the calculation, the equilibrium constant is obtained as 3. Option A
What is the equilibrium constant?The term equilibrium constant shows the extent to which we could see the conversion of the reactants to products in a reaction system. Now we know that the equilibrium constant can be obtained by the use of the formula;
K = [H2] [I2]/[HI]^2
Now we have that at equilibrium;
[H2] = 0.5 M
[I2] = 1.5 M
[HI] = 0.5M
It then follows that;
K = 1.5 * 0.5/( 0.5)^2
K = 3
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How many grams of Nitrogen gas are found in 22.4 L of Nitrogen gas?
Group of answer choices
A. 20 g
B. 14 g
C. 56 g
D. 28 g
Answer:
The answer is 28 gram.
28 gram of Nitrogen gas are found in 22.4 l in Nitrogen gas
A sample of carbon dioxide occupies 200 L at 22°C and 1.0 atm. At what temperature will
it expand to 1000 L at 0.90 atm?
Answer:
1328 K or 1055 °C
Explanation:
To find the new temperature, you need to use the Combined Gas Law:
P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂
In this equation, "P₁", "V₁", and "T₁" represent the initial pressure, volume, and temperature. "P₂", "V₂", and "T₂" represent the final pressure, volume, and temperature. After converting the temperature (T₁) from Celsius to Kelvin, you can plug the values into the equation and simplify.
P₁ = 1.0 atm P₂ = 0.90 atm
V₁ = 200 L V₂ = 1000 L
T₁ = 22 °C + 273.15 = 295.15 K T₂ = ? K
P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂
(1.0 atm)(200 L) / 295.15 K = (0.90 atm)(1000 L) / T₂
0.6776 = (0.90 atm)(1000 L) / T₂
(0.6776) x T₂ = (0.90 atm)(1000 L)
(0.6776) x T₂ = 900
T₂ = 1328 K
T₂ = 1055 °C
select the common word on the outside of a shipping container that will alert you to the fact that the material inside is hazardous
The common word on the outside of a shipping container that will alert you to the fact that the material inside is hazardous is caution.
What are hazardous statements?Hazardous statements are those words or phrases that are labelled against chemicals which shows the degree of how dangerous the chemical are.
The common words that are used as hazardous statements which shows that a chemical is dangerous include the following:
Danger,Caution andWarning.Therefore, the common word on the outside of a shipping container that will alert you to the fact that the material inside is hazardous is caution.
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