Effectiveness of shock compression versus isentropic compression depends on the application and the desired compression characteristics.
Shock compression and isentropic compression are two methods used for compressing air. In shock compression, the air is rapidly compressed by a shock wave, while in isentropic compression, the compression is slow and reversible, and the entropy remains constant throughout the process.
When we compare the PV diagrams for these two compression processes, we observe that the shock compression curve is steeper than the isentropic compression curve. This means that for the same final pressure, the volume in shock compression is smaller than in isentropic compression. This indicates that shock compression is a more effective compression process compared to isentropic compression.
The effectiveness of shock compression arises due to its rapid compression rate, which generates a higher pressure rise and temperature increase. This makes it useful for high-pressure applications, such as in supersonic aircraft engines and shock-wave experiments.
However, shock compression also generates a significant amount of entropy and heat, which can lead to the degradation of the compressed gas. Isentropic compression, on the other hand, produces no entropy or heat, but is slower and less effective for high-pressure applications.
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if a voltage of 13 v moves 1.25 c of charge between two points? round the final answer to one decimal place.
If a voltage of 12 V moves 1.25C of charge between two points then charge must be moved with 15 J in joules of energy.
Here, we need to determine how much energy 12 V expends to transport a charge of 1.25 C between two places.
Voltage, which is defined as the effort or energy necessary to transfer a unit charge between two places, is known to drive electrons in a circuit. It can be calculated mathematically by dividing work/energy by charge.
Thus, we have the equation shown below:
[tex]V= \frac{E}{Q}[/tex]
If we rearrange the formula above, we obtain:
[tex]E=(V).(Q) (1)[/tex]
Here,
V→ Voltage
E→ Energy
Q→ Charge
Once the values are entered into equation number 1, we will obtain:
[tex]E = ( 12 V).( 1.25 C ) = 15 J[/tex]
As a result, we discovered that the amount of energy required to move the charge is 15 J in joules.
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Correct question:
How much energy is expended, in joules, if a voltage of12 V moves 1.25C of charge between two points?
A 5 kg box is attached to a spring that has an elastic coefficient of 110 N/m. The spring is compressed to a distance of 0. 65 meters. What is the velocity of the box after it is released from the spring?
The required velocity of the box after it is released from the spring is 5.35 m/s.
The mass of the box m is given as 5 kg.
Elastic coefficient k is given as 110 N/m.
Compression of the spring x is given as 0.65 m.
We know the expression for force as,
F = k x
where,
k is the elastic coefficient
x is the compression in spring
Entering the values we have,
F = k x = 110 × 0.65 = 71.5 N ----(1)
Force is nothing but the tension in the spring which is given by the expression,
F = T = 1/2 m v² = 1/2 (5)v² = 2.5 v² ----(2)
Equating (2) and (1), we have,
2.5 v² = 71.5
v² = 28.6
v = 5.35 m/s
Thus, the velocity of the box after it is released from the spring is 5.35 m/s.
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a boat (with a flat bottom) and its cargo weigh 6,200 n. the area of the boat's bottom is 5 m2. how far below the surface of the water is the boat's bottom when it is floating in water?
The minimum height necessary for a boat's bottom to float is 12 cm.
The weight of the item submerged in the liquid is resisted by the liquid's upward force. An item submerged in liquid always experiences higher pressure at the bottom than at the top. An item experiences a net upward force as a result of a fluid pressure difference. Lift is the term for this upward force. Understanding density and relativity is necessary in order to completely comprehend the idea of buoyancy.
Example: A ship has a flat, hollow bottom and is substantially less dense than water, yet it is built to be hoisted quite high. As a result, the ship moves as much water as is necessary to float.
Weight of displaced water in a well equals 6200 N.
Given that 1 m3 of water weighs 1000 kg, the weight is 1000 x 9.81, or 9810 N.
hence, the amount of water displaced is equal to 6200 / 9810 m3.
Needed depth is equal to volume/floor area/9 (6200/(98105)). m\s=0.126m\s=12cm
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A particle is moving along the x-axis such that its position is given by x=3t³-16t+8. Determine the velocity and acceleration of the particle at t=4s? At what time is the particle stationary?
The velocity and acceleration of the particle is 104 m/s and 72 m/s^2 respectively.
The particle is stationary at two times, t = √(4/3) s and t = -√(4/3) s.
How to calculate?Velocity: v(t) = dx/dt = 3(3t^2) - 16 = 9t^2 - 16
Acceleration: a(t) = dv/dt = 18t
The velocity and acceleration of the particle at t=4s:
v(4) = 9(4^2) - 16 = 104 m/s
a(4) = 18 * 4 = 72 m/s^2
The time when the particle is stationary is found using the equation
9t^2 - 16 = 0 for t:
9t^2 = 16
t^2 = 16/9 = 4/3
t = ± √(4/3)
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the lowest note on a grand piano has a frequency of 27.5 hz . the entire string is 2.00 m long and has a mass of 400 g . the vibrating section of the string is 1.90 m long
The lowest note on a typical 88-key piano is designated A0. The 0th octave note "A" is identified as such. The first octave's "A" note, which is an octave higher than that, is A1, not A.
What is the lowest note on a grand piano has a frequency?With 88 keys, a full-size piano offers a range of little more than 7 octaves. The third white key from the right end of the piano, which is the highest A note, has a frequency of 3520 hertz.
Discover the relationship between the frequencies of two subsequent notes, or of two adjacent keys on the piano keyboard.
The fundamental harmonic, or lowest note on a grand piano, has a wavelength that is twice the length of the vibrating part of the string, or = 2L, where L = 1.90 m.
The wave's velocity is given by v = f, but it also depends on the tension of the wire, as shown by v = qT, where m/ is the wire's linear mass density ( is the full length of the wire, not the vibrating part).
[tex]T = u(\lambda f)^2= 4 ul^2f^2= \frac{4 ml^2f^2}{l}[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{4.400\times (1.90)^2 (27.5)^2}{2}[/tex]
[tex]= 2185N[/tex]
Therefore, the tension is 2185 N.
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according to the kinetic theory, collisions between molecules in a gas_____
According to the kinetic theory of gases, collisions between the molecules in a gas are perfectly elastic.
It means that the total kinetic energy of the colliding molecules is conserved. This means that during a collision, the molecules may exchange energy and momentum with one another, but the total amount of energy and momentum remains constant.
In addition, according to the kinetic theory, the molecules in a gas are in constant random motion and travel in straight lines until they with each other or with the walls of their container.
The average kinetic energy of the molecules is proportional to the temperature of the gas, and the pressure of the gas is proportional to the number of collisions the molecules make with the walls of the container in a given amount of time. The kinetic theory provides a useful framework for understanding the behavior of gases at the molecular level.
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An elevator suspended by a cable is descending at constant velocity. Name these forces.
An elevator is suspended by a cable, descending at constant velocity. Forces are tension force which acts upward and gravity force or elevator's weight, which acts downward.
What is meant by tension forces?In physics, tension is described as pulling force transmitted axially by the string, rope, chain, or similar object, or by each end of rod or similar three-dimensional object. Tension can also be described as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of the said elements
Tension force falls under category of contact forces as it can only be exerted when there is a contact between cable and an object of consideration. This kind of force always pulls but never pushes.
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What interesting features where developed before 1920 on old electric vehicles????
The record for the fastest vehicle until about 1900 belonged to an electric vehicle.Interest in electric vehicles is sparked by gas shortages.
Features The use of battery electric vehicles as private motor vehicles fell dramatically over the world in the 20th century due to their high cost, slow top speed, and limited range when compared to vehicles powered by internal combustion engines.Think about the late 1960s and early 1970s. Rising interest in reducing the United States' reliance on foreign oil and locating domestic fuel sources was sparked by rising oil costs and gasoline shortages, which peaked with the Arab Oil Embargo in 1973.The popularity of electric vehicles. Electric cars are quiet, simple to drive, and don't release noxious emissions, thus they quickly gain favor with urban people in comparison to the gas- and steam-powered automobiles of the time.For more information on electric vehicles kindly visit
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what happens to most solar radiation when it reaches the surface of the earth?
When solar radiation reaches the surface of the Earth, a variety of processes can occur.
Some of the energy is reflected back into space by clouds, snow, ice, and other reflective surfaces. Some of the energy is absorbed by the atmosphere, where it can be scattered, reflected, or absorbed by gases and particles. The remaining solar radiation that reaches the surface of the Earth can be absorbed by the ground, plants, and other materials, where it is converted into heat. This process is responsible for warming the Earth's surface and is a critical component of the Earth's climate system.
Solar radiation is a combination of different types of electromagnetic waves, including visible light, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and infrared (IR) radiation. When solar radiation reaches the Earth's atmosphere, a portion of it is reflected back into space by the atmosphere itself, clouds, and other reflective surfaces.
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0
Select the correct location on the image.
Objects A and B are brought close to each other. Object A will soon become positively charged. Identify the charge that must transfer for this situation to
occur.
+
A
Recet
Next
+
B
The charge that must transfer for object A to gone positively charged is the negative charge in object A.
What do you mean by the charge ?The physical characteristic of matter that causes it to feel a force when exposed to an electromagnetic field is called electric charge.
The two types of electric charges that protons and electrons most frequently carry are positive and negative charges. Charge movement is what produces energy.
An object can either be negatively charged or positively charged. An object is positively charged when it includes more protons than electron.
Thus, for object A to be positively charged, the charge that must shift for object A to become positively charged is the negative charge.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably your question was as below, and missing part is attach in image below.
Select the correct location on the image.
Objects A and B are brought close to each other. Object A will soon become positively charged. Identify the charge that must transfer for this situation to occur.
+
A
B
(ii) has the particle moved to a position where the electric potential is higher than before, unchanged, lower than before, or unpredictable?
The particle has moved to a position where the electric potential is lower than before.
Electric potential is a scalar quantity that represents the amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a particular point in space. In the given scenario, as the particle has moved towards the negatively charged object, the distance between the particle and the object decreases. As a result, the electric potential energy between the two objects decreases, which in turn reduces the electric potential at the position of the particle. Therefore, the particle has moved to a position of lower electric potential than before. This can be visualized by the electric potential lines, which are closer together near the negatively charged object, indicating a higher electric field strength and lower electric potential in that region.
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a thermometer is taken from a room where the temperature is 72o f to the outside where the temperature is 32o f. after 2 minutes, the thermometer reads 48o f. how many minutes does the thermometer have to be outside for it to read 36o f?
A thermometer is taken from a room where the temperature is 72° F to the outside where the temperature is 32° F. 1.26 minutes does the thermometer have to be outside for it to read 36° F.
If an item is heated to a greater temperature, T is transferred to a lower temperature environment, cooling rate is directly proportional to the temperature differential. By separating the variables, rewrite the equation. In the derived equation, substitute 0 for t and 72 for T.
If an item is heated to a greater temperature,
T is transferred to a lower temperature environment, T then the cooling rate.
By Newton's Law of Cooling
[tex]T(t) = T_{s} + Ce^{tr}[/tex]
Here, the ambient temperature, [tex]T_{s} = 32^{\circ} F[/tex]
The temperature to the outdoor, T(0) = 72°F
Use the equation [tex]T(t) = T_{s} + Ce^{tr}[/tex] to obtain that,
[tex]T(0) = T_{s} + Ce^{k - 0}[/tex]
72 = 32 + C
C = 40
So, [tex]T(t) = 32 + 40 e^{kt}[/tex]
After half minute, the temperature reads 48°F,
so, T(1/2) = 48
Then,
[tex]T(1/2) = 32 + 40e^{k \times \frac{1}{2}}[/tex]
[tex]48 = 32 + 40e^{\frac{k}{2}}[/tex]
[tex]40e^{\frac{k}{2}} = 16[/tex]
[tex]e^{\frac{k}{2}} = \frac{16}{40}[/tex]
[tex]e^{\frac{k}{2} = \frac{2}{5}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{k}{2} = \ln \left(\frac{2}{5} \right )[/tex]
k = 2 ln (2/5)
Therefore,
[tex]T(t) = 32 + 40e^{2 \ln \left(\frac{2}{5} \right) t}[/tex]
[tex]T (t) = 32 + 40 \left[ e^{\ln (\frac{2}{5} ) \right ]^{2t}[/tex]
[tex]T (t) = 32 + 40 \left(\frac{2}{5} \right)^{2t}[/tex]
Now find the time t when T(t) = 36
[tex]32 + 40 (\frac{2}{5})^{2t} = 36[/tex]
[tex]40 (\frac{2}{5})^{2t} = 4[/tex]
[tex](\frac{2}{5})^{2t} = \frac{4}{40}[/tex]
[tex]2t\ \ln (\frac{2}{5}) = \ln (\frac{1}{10})[/tex]
[tex]t = \frac{\ln (\frac{1}{10})}{2 \ln (\frac{2}{5})}[/tex]
[tex]t = \frac{-2.30}{2 \times (-0.91)}[/tex]
t = -2.30/-1.82
t = 1.26 min
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if the protons are both released from rest at the closer distance in part a, how fast are they moving when they reach their original separation? hint: the protons share the total available energy.
The total energy available is [tex]4.31 \times 10^-14 J.[/tex] Since the protons share this energy equally, each has[tex]2.155 \times 10^-14 J[/tex]. Using the formula for kinetic energy, [tex](1/2)mv^2 = 2.155 \times 10^-14 J[/tex] We find that each proton is moving at approximately [tex]1.68 \times 10^7 m/s.[/tex]
What are the properties of protons?To calculate the final velocity of the protons when they reach their original separation, we need to use the principle of conservation of energy.
The total energy of the system (protons) remains constant throughout the motion. When the protons are released, they have potential energy due to their separation, and as they move closer, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
At their original separation, all the potential energy would have been converted into kinetic energy, which can be used to calculate the final velocity using the formula for kinetic energy (1/2mv^2).
Therefore, Since the protons share the total available energy, we can calculate the final velocity for each proton by dividing the total kinetic energy by the mass of each proton.
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How does adding thermal energy to solid ice affect the molecules in the ice? Describe what happens to both their motion and spacing.
Once ice has been taken out of the freezer, its molecules start to travel more quickly when heat energy is supplied.
Motion and spacing Given that the ice is substantially colder than the air outside the freezer, heat energy will transfer from the air to the ice. The molecules' kinetic energy is increased by the heat input, which weakens the ice's structure. Hydrogen bonds that were keeping the ice together start to disintegrate when the ice warms up further, causing molecules to migrate more quickly. In time, the molecules will travel so swiftly that the ice will experience a phase shift and convert into water.For more information on heat energy kindly visit to
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Which of the curves in the figure shows an isobaric process?
A. horizontal
B. steep curve
C. a less steep curve
D. a very steep bend
Steep curve represents the isobaric processes in thermodynamics process.
In a thermodynamic process, an isobaric process is a process that occurs at a constant pressure. Therefore, the curve that shows an isobaric process would be a horizontal line on a graph where the y-axis represents pressure and the x-axis represents volume or temperature.
On the intuitive level, temperature is associated with notions hot” and cold”. The experience shows that if hot and cold bodies are brought in contact, their temperatures would eventually equilibrate. Consider a system in a thermal contact with the bath and make a quasi-static compression or expansion of the system plotting its states in the (P, V ) diagram.
As the bath is large, its temperature remains unchanged and as the process is slow, the temperature of the system will have the same unchanged value. In this way one obtains the isothermal curve, or isotherm, in the (P, V ) plot.
Hence the correct option is b.
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which person below developed a system for predicting planetary positions that remained in use for some 1500 years?
Ptolemy. Ptolemy was a Greek astronomer who developed the Ptolemaic system of astronomy.
What is astronomer?Astronomer is an individual who studies the universe and its components such as stars, planets, galaxies, and other celestial bodies. They use observational data, mathematical models, and theoretical principles to understand the physical properties, evolution and origin of the universe. Astronomers often work in teams, and employ a variety of techniques to observe and analyze the data they collect. Astronomers may use ground-based telescopes, spacecraft, or other instruments to observe the universe and the objects within it.
This system used a combination of observational data and mathematical calculations to accurately predict the positions of the planets. This system was used for around 1500 years, until the invention of the telescope in the 17th century.
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a 41.0-kg child swings in a swing supported by two chains, each 2.90 m long. the tension in each chain at the lowest point is 352 n. (a) find the child's speed at the lowest point. m/s (b) find the force exerted by the seat on the child at the lowest point. (ignore the mass of the seat.)
The force exerted by the seat on the child at the lowest point is approximately 242 N.
(a) To find the child's speed at the lowest point, we can use conservation of energy. Assuming that the swing is released from rest at the highest point, we have:
Initial potential energy = mgh
Final kinetic energy = (1/2)mv^2
v is the speed of the child at the lowest point.
Since the height of the swing at the highest point is equal to the length of the chains, h = 2.9 m. We can solve for v by equating the two expressions for energy:
mgh = (1/2)mv^2
Solving for v, we get:
v = sqrt(2gh)
v = sqrt(2 × 9.81 m/s^2 × 2.9 m) ≈ 6.26 m/s
Therefore, the child's speed at the lowest point is approximately 6.26 m/s.
(b) At the lowest point, the child is moving in a circular path with a centripetal acceleration given by:
a = v^2/r
And,
T = mg + ma
Solving for a, we get:
a = (T - mg)/m
Substituting the given values, we get:
a = (352 N - 41.0 kg × 9.81 m/s^2)/(41.0 kg) ≈ 3.70 m/s^2
Substituting this value into the expression for centripetal acceleration, we get:
a = v^2/r
(3.70 m/s^2) = (6.26 m/s)^2/r
Solving for r, we get:
r = (6.26 m/s)^2/3.70 m/s^2 ≈ 10.6 m
Using Newton's second law, the force exerted by the seat is given by:
F = ma = m(v^2/r) = (41.0 kg)(6.26 m/s)^2/10.6 m ≈ 242 N
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A photon with a frequency of 5.23 E14 Hz strikes a photoemissive surface whose work function is 1.75 eV. Planck's constant is 4.14 E−15 eV*s. Calculate the energy of the photon. Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectron. Calculate the threshhold frequency for the material
The energy of the photon will be 2.1652 Joules and the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectron from the atom will be 0.415 Joules. The threshold frequency will be same as the frequency of incident photon.
What is the energy of a photon?Photon energy is the energy which is carried by a single photon particle. The amount of energy is directly proportional to the photon's electromagnetic frequency and thus, it is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the photon. The higher the photon's frequency, the higher will be the energy.
Frequency = 5.23 × 10¹⁴ Hz
E = hf
h = 4.14 × 10⁻¹⁵
E = 4.14 × 10⁻¹⁵ × 5.23 × 10¹⁴
E = 21.652 × 10⁻¹
E = 2.1652 Joules
Maximum kinetic energy = hf - Ф
Ф is the work function
Max. KE = (4.14 × 10⁻¹⁵ × 5.23 × 10¹⁴) - 1.75
Max. KE = 2.165 - 1.75
Max. KE = 0.415 Joules
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which of the following are characteristics of a planet? choose one or more: must have cleared its orbit of debris cannot orbit a planet must have an atmosphere must show no signs of life roughly spherical/surface smoothed by gravity must be within 30 au of the sun
Roughly spherical/surface smoothed by gravity and must be within 30 AU of the Sun. Mass is the amount of matter a planet contains and is typically measured in kilograms. Size is the diameter of a planet and is typically measured in kilometers.
What is a roughly spherical/surface?Roughly spherical/surface refers to a shape or object that has a generally round or curved shape, but with some irregularities on its surface.
Examples include planets, apples, and even some rocks. This type of shape is often used for objects that need to be able to roll or move in some way, since the curved shape helps it move more easily.
The surface of the Earth is a roughly spherical surface, as it has small bumps and hills, valleys, and other imperfections that make it slightly misshapen .Planet characteristics include their mass, size, surface gravity, orbital period, atmosphere, and distance from the sun.
Surface gravity is the force of gravity on a planet's surface and is typically measured in meters per second squared. Orbital period is the amount of time it takes for a planet to make one full orbit around the sun and is measured in years.
Atmosphere is the gases that make up a planet’s air, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, and is measured in pressure.
Therefore, Distance from the sun is the average distance from the center of the sun to a planet and is measured in astronomical units.
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therm is a unit that is generally used to measure the energy contained in natural gas.
There are 100,000 British Thermal Units in a Therm. Throughout in the country, the measurement, and billing unit for natural gas usage is the therm. Thus, it is true.
What is the use of therm unit in energy measure?Therm gauges how much heat energy is generated by natural gas. As a result, we are able to compute the real energy consumed.
The therm, or Non-SI unit of heat energy, is equivalent to 1,000,000 BTUs and is a non-international standard of measurement. Btu is another way to write British thermal units.
Your cumulative use of natural gas is measured in therms. The British Thermal Unit, or BTU, measures the amount of heat required to increase one pound of water's temperature by one degree Fahrenheit. One therm is equivalent to 100,000 BTUs.
Therefore, it is true that An energy unit is a thermon. It's a term used to characterize natural gas's energy. 100,000 Btu make up one therm. More energy exists in a BTU than a calorie.
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a spring mass system is driven from rest harmonically such that the displacement response exhibits a beat of period of 0.2 pi s. the period of oscillation is measured to be 0.02 pi s. calculate the natural frequency and the driving frequency of the system.
The system's natural frequency is 100rad/s.
The system's driving frequency is 10rad/s.
The natural frequency (ωn) of a system is the frequency at which the system will vibrate when the damping of the system is negligible and the system is disturbed from its equilibrium.The natural frequency of the system is given by the following equation:
[tex]\omega n[/tex] =[tex]\frac{2\pi}{T}[/tex]
where T is the period of oscillation.Hence, the system's inherent frequency is
[tex]\omega n = \frac{2\pi}{0.02\pi} \\= 100 rad/s[/tex]
The driving frequency (ωd) is the frequency at which an external force must be applied to the system in order to cause it to vibrate at the natural frequency of the system. The driving frequency of the system is given by the following equation:
[tex]\omega d = \frac{2\pi}{b}[/tex]
where Tb is the beat period. Therefore, the driving frequency of the system is
[tex]\omega d = \frac{2\pi}{0.2\pi} \\= 10 rad/s[/tex]
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in which scenario is the change in momentum greatest? coming to a stop by landing on the trampoline. coming to a stop by landing on the ground. the change in momentum is the same for both scenarios.
The change in momentum is greatest when coming to a stop by landing on the ground.
This is because when a person comes to a stop on the ground, the time of impact is shorter than when they come to a stop on a trampoline. Since the force is the rate of change of momentum, a shorter time of impact results in a greater force acting on the body, which leads to a larger change in momentum.
In contrast, when a person lands on a trampoline, the surface is more yielding and will absorb some of the force of impact over a longer time, resulting in a smaller force acting on the body and a smaller change in momentum.
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in the book example concerning the figure above, a force of 0.086 n from an external agent was required to keep the rod moving at a constant speed. suppose the light bulb in the figure is unscrewed from its socket. how much force would now be needed to keep the rod moving at a constant speed? justify your answer.
The correct answer is 0 N.
There will be no current in the rod and thus no magnetic force resisting the motion. Without any resistance, it will keep moving until acted on by an outside force according to Newton's first law.
What is motion?
Numerous physical systems, including objects, bodies, matter particles, matter fields, radiation, radiation fields, and radiation particles, as well as curvature and space-time, are affected by motion. One can also talk about how borders, shapes, and pictures move. A physical system's configuration or locations continuously changing in space is what is often meant by the term "motion." For instance, one can discuss the motion of a wave or a quantum particle, where the configuration is made up of the probabilities that the wave or particle would occupy particular places.To know more about motion, click the link given below:
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how does an electromagnetic wave propagates?
What happens when you change the amplitude of a mass on a spring?
By changing the amplitude of a mass on a spring the maximum displacement, velocity, potential energy, and kinetic energy of the system are all affected.
A mass on a spring changes its greatest displacement from its equilibrium position as its amplitude is changed. This has numerous effects on how the mass-spring system moves:
1. Changing the amplitude of a mass on a spring has no effect on the motion's period, which remains constant. The object's mass and the spring's spring constant are the only factors that affect the period.
2. Increases in the maximum velocity of the mass are correlated with increases in the amplitude of the mass on the spring. This is because the mass accelerates more when it is further away from its equilibrium position when it encounters a stronger force from the spring.
3. The system's maximum potential energy rises because a mass on a spring has potential energy that is proportional to its square of displacement from equilibrium. As a result, increasing the mass of the spring's amplitude likewise raises the system's maximum potential energy.
4. The system's maximal kinetic energy rises: The kinetic energy of the mass on the spring oscillates between zero and a maximum value as it moves back and forth. The maximal kinetic energy of the system grows as the mass of the spring's amplitude increases.
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Question 13 of 25
Which of the following processes do not depend on spontaneous radioactive
decay?
Check all that apply.
A. radium paint that makes watch dials glow in the dark
B. the process of bone-scan imaging
C. using carbon-14 to determine fossil ages
D. the energy production of the sun
E. the energy production in nuclear reactors
The following processes which do not depend on spontaneous radioactive decay is radium paint that makes watch dials glow in the dark which is therefore denoted as option A.
What is Radioactivity?This is referred to as the property which is exhibited by certain types of matter of emitting energy and subatomic particles spontaneously.
Bone scanning is based on the spontaneous radioactive decay oftechnetium-pp methyldiphosphate and energy production of the sun involved nuclear fusion. However radium paint that makes watch dials glow in the dark do not depend on spontaneous radioactive decay as the glow is also added to substances for aesthetic effects whic would have deemed it harmful.
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Inert gas is used in filament bulb why?
Answer:
When electric current passes through the tungsten filament, it gets heated up and starts to glow at a temperature around 2500 degree Celsius. If we do not fill any gas, at vacuum condition, the filament will evaporate due to high temperature. To protect the filament from damage, we are filling the bulb with inert gas.
Explanation:
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what mass of fe and co₂ could be formed by the reaction of 0.22 mol of fe₂o₃ with 5.5 mol of co?
The mass of [tex]Fe[/tex] is 24.56g and [tex]CO2[/tex] is 726.165g could be formed by the reaction of 0.22 mol of [tex]Fe2O3[/tex] with 5.5 mol of [tex]CO[/tex].
Given the number of moles of [tex]Fe2O3[/tex] is = 0.22mol
The number of moles of [tex]CO[/tex] = 5.5mol
The reaction of given compounds Fe2O3 and CO is described as below:
[tex]Fe2O3 + 3CO --- > 2Fe + 3CO2[/tex]
Here, we can see that 1 mole 0f [tex]Fe2O3[/tex] and 3 moles of [tex]CO[/tex] produce 3moles of [tex]CO2[/tex].
As given [tex]Fe2O3[/tex] acts as the limiting reagent such that:
Moles of [tex]Fe[/tex] produced = 0.22 mol x (2 mol [tex]Fe[/tex] / 1 mol [tex]Fe2O3[/tex]) = 0.44 mol Fe
Moles of [tex]CO2[/tex] produced = 5.5 mol [tex]CO[/tex] x (3 mol [tex]CO2[/tex]₂ / 1 mol [tex]CO[/tex]) = 16.5 mol
We know the molar mass of compound [tex]CO2[/tex] is and [tex]Fe[/tex] is then,
mass of [tex]Fe[/tex] used = moles x molar mass of [tex]Fe[/tex] = 0.44 x 55.84 = 24.56g
mass of [tex]CO2[/tex] used = moles x molar mass = 16.5 x 44.01 = 726.165g
Hence, 24.56g of [tex]Fe[/tex] and 726.165g of [tex]CO2[/tex] are used in the reaction.
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A 25.0-kg box of textbooks rests on a loading ramp that makes an angle αα with the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.25, and the coefficient of static friction is 0.35.(a) As αα is increased, find the minimum angle at which the box starts to slip.(b) At this angle, find the acceleration once the box has begun to move.(c) At this angle, how fast will the box be moving after it has slid 5.0 m along the loading ramp?
The friction coefficients are 0.25 for kinetic friction and 0.35 for static friction. 19.29° is the smallest angle at which the box begins to slide. Once the motion of the box has started.
the acceleration is 0.926 m/s2. The box will be traveling at 3.043 m/s once it has slid 5.0 meters along the loading ramp.
Given,m=25 kg
[tex]r_{K}[/tex]=0.25 and [tex]\mu_{s}[/tex]=0.35
here, N=mg cosθ
so, frictional force(f)=μN=μ×mg×cosθ
a). when the box starts to slip
mg sinθ ≤ f[tex]_{s}[/tex]
mg.sinθ = [tex]\mu_{s}[/tex].mg.sinθ
tanθ = [tex]\mu_{s}[/tex]
θ =tan⁻¹(0.35)=19.29°
b)here, F[tex]_{net}[/tex]=mg sinθ-f[tex]_{k}[/tex]=mg sinθ -[tex]\mu_{k}[/tex].mg.cosθ
a=[tex]\frac{F_{net} }{m}[/tex]
a=9.81 m/s²
a=0.926 m/s²
c)here d=5m
since, initial velocity=0m/s
so,[tex]v_{f}[/tex]=√2ad=√2(0.926)(5)=3.043 m/s
Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact. It arises due to the interlocking of microscopic protrusions on the surfaces, which makes it difficult for the surfaces to slide past each other. Friction is a complex phenomenon that depends on factors such as the nature of the surfaces in contact, the roughness of the surfaces, and the force pressing the surfaces together. Friction can be beneficial, as it allows us to walk, drive cars, and use brakes to stop moving objects. However, friction can also be detrimental, as it can cause wear and tear on machinery and reduce efficiency.
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In the leading theory of solar system formation, the planets
a) were ejected from the sun following a close encounter with another star
b) formed from the same flattened, swirling gas cloud that formed the sun
c) are much younger than the sun
d) are much older than the sun
b) formed from the same flattened, swirling gas cloud that formed the sun in the solar system
What is the nebular hypothesis and how does it explain the formation of the solar system, including the differences in the composition of the inner and outer planets?
The leading theory of solar system formation is the nebular hypothesis, which proposes that the solar system formed from a rotating, flattened disk of gas and dust called the solar nebula. As gravity caused the cloud to collapse, it began to spin faster, and a central protostar formed at the center of the disk, which eventually became the Sun. As the disk cooled, solid particles began to stick together and form larger planetesimals, which eventually grew into the planets.
The planets that formed closest to the Sun, like Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, are composed mostly of rock and metal, while the outer planets, like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, are composed mostly of hydrogen, helium, and other gases.
This is consistent with the idea that the inner planets formed from material that was close enough to the Sun to be solid at high temperatures, while the outer planets formed from material that remained gaseous even at low temperatures because they were farther from the Sun.
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