True. The correct option is C.
Energy transfer in the ecosystemEnergy is transferred from lower to higher trophic levels of the food chain in any ecosystem.
In other words, energy is transferred when primary consumers feed on producers, when secondary consumers feed on primary consumers, and so on.
However, when energy is transferred through feeding from lower to higher trophic levels, a certain percentage of the energy is lost to the surroundings as heat.
In actual fact, scientists believe that about 90% (and not 30%) of the energy is lost as heat to the surrounding. Only about 10% of the energy is converted to useful energy.
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In a human cell the molecule that most frequently interacts with ionizing radiation is?
In a human cell the molecule that most frequently interacts with ionizing radiation is DNA.
Any cell's DNA can be changed by radiation. Somatic or nonheritable effects refer to cell damage and death brought on by mutations in somatic cells that solely affect the organism in which the mutation occurred.In the event that ionizing radiation contacts with a DNA macromolecule, the energy released may cause a chemical bond to be broken and may even sever one of the sugar-phosphate chain side rails, or strands, of the molecular structure that resembles a ladder (single-strand break). A point mutation is the term used to describe this kind of DNA damage.By causing DNA breaks, especially double-strand breaks (DSBs), ionizing radiation directly changes DNA structure. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which oxidize proteins and lipids and also cause various DNA damage, is one of the secondary effects.
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During gastrulation, the blastomeres fuse. three germ layers are formed. the placenta penetrates the endometrium. the neural tube closes. cells from the hypoblast move to the epiblast
During gastrulation, three germ layers are formed.
Gastrulation:The process of gastrulation, during which the hollow ball of cells known as the blastula starts to differentiate into more specialized cells that get stratified over the growing embryo, is when the germ layers are formed.
One of the most important stages of development, gastrulation produces the three basic germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) and primes the system for organogenesis.
Each germ layer's cells undergo differentiation to become tissues and embryonic organs. The nervous system and the epidermis are two examples of tissues that develop from the ectoderm. The body's connective tissue and muscle cells are derived from the mesoderm.
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What are the products of the breakdown of a single pyruvate molecule?
Hi there,
I hope you and your family are staying safe and healthy!
The products that are part of the breakdown of a single pyruvate molecule are:
One Acetyl Group One NADH Molecule One CO2Please leave 5 stars and a like if you find this answer helpful!
Happy to help!
~Garebear
ASAP PLS
Whales have small, shrunken hip bones that do not connect to an actual leg or appendage sticking out of the body. What is the purpose of these hip bones?
A. They are only present in whales whose DNA mutated after encountering
an oil spill.
B. None of these.
C. They no longer have a purpose but indicate whales evolved from 4 legged animals.
D. They are used to help the whale keep its balance while diving.
Whales have pelvic (hip) bones, which are evolutionary remains from when their forefathers walked on land about 40 million years ago. Common belief has long assumed that such bones are merely vestigial, slowly withering away like human tailbones. Thus option C is correct.
What is the new research from USC and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (NHM) has to say ?New research from USC and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (NHM) contradicts this belief, discovering that not only do those pelvic bones have a role, but their size and perhaps shape are impacted by sexual selection processes.
Therefore, small, shrunken hip bones of whale are no longer beneficial for survival and are considered vestigial. So, the best option is C among the other options available. Thus option C is correct.
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Which ones of these depict conditioning:?
A frequent heroin user experiences euphoria upon injecting any liquid
A faint buzzing becomes more annoying and apparent as it continues
Becoming less scared of bees after a colony builds a hive on your house
The unpleasantness of smelling durian fruit for the first time
Learning to duck after you get slapped in the face
The correct option for conditioning is (e) Learning to duck after you get slapped in the face
A conditioning occurs with increasing regularity in a clearly defined and stable environment, or a given stimulus (or signal) becomes increasingly effective at evoking the desired response. The result will depend on the kind of reinforcement applied.
Human responses can be conditioned by objects and situations, just as Ivan Pavlov discovered that animals can learn through classical conditioning. Imagine hearing a whistle in addition to the aroma of your favourite food. Even though the whistle has nothing to do with the smell of the food, if it were repeatedly coupled with the smell, the whistling sound would eventually cause the conditioned reaction.
Therefore, The correct option for conditioning is (e) Learning to duck after you get slapped in the face
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To participate in a designated driver program and be provided with complimentary nonalcoholic drinks you must meet certain criteria, which are?
To participate in a designated driver program and be provided with complimentary nonalcoholic drinks you must meet certain criteria, which are a part of a group of two or more, identify yourself as the designated driver, and be at least 21 years old.
A non-alcoholic drink, often known as a temperance drink, is an alcoholic drink that is created without alcohol, or with the alcohol eliminated or reduced to virtually nothing.
Non-alcoholic beer has extremely little or no alcohol. Non-alcoholic beers sold in the United States are allowed to contain up to 0.5 percent alcohol by volume (ABV), yet several brands claim to offer 0% ABV.
Ethanol distillation is used to separate alcoholic beverages into non-alcoholic beverages and spirits. Similar non-alcoholic drinks are authorized in places where alcohol is prohibited.
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Membranous spheres that transport materials inside the cell as part of the endomembrane system are called:_______.
Membranous spheres that transport materials inside the cell as part of the endomembrane system are called Vesicles.
What is vesicles?Small sacs called vesicles are used to carry substances into or outside of cells. There are many different kinds of vesicles, including lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and transport vesicles.A tiny, liquid-filled sac created by a membrane. Substances are moved into or out of cells by vesicles. Drugs can be delivered to bodily cells using vesicles created in a lab.Vesicles are tiny organelles found inside of cells that contain fluid and a lipid bilayer and are used for transport, buoyancy regulation, and enzyme storage.It is situated close to the cell nucleus and the endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm.Vacuoles and vesicles are membrane-bound sacs with storage and transport capabilities. The membrane of a vacuole does not merge with the membranes of other cellular components, making vacuoles slightly larger than vesicles. Within the biological system, vesicles can combine with different membranes.
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What differences did you observe in the structure of an artery versus the structure of a vein?
Arteries Larger, more muscular and more elastic, carry oxygenated blood from the heart, with the exception of the pulmonary artery. The blood has more pressure from the heart. Veins Under less pressure, so valves are needed. They are less strong than arteries and appear more floppy.
Arteries have thick, elastic, muscular walls whereas veins have thin walls with few elastic fibers. Arteries need these properties to give them the strength and elasticity needed to cope with the high pressure surges of oxygenated blood coming from the heart. Veins carry blood back to your heart from the rest of your body. The pressure of the blood returning to the heart is very low, so the walls of veins are much thinner than arteries.
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What percentage of the total energy consumed was converted to forms that were unusable to become new growth for the chipmunk?
The percentage of energy that is unusable is obtained as 96.1 %.
What is the percentage of unusable to become new growth for the chipmunk?We know from the law of conservation of energy that energy is neither created nor destroyed in the ecosystem but is converted from one form to another. We know that the ecosystem is a self supporting system in which there is an exchange of materials and energy. Energy flows from the producers to the consumers and some of this energy is dissipated along the way and is lost as heat during the transition.
The metabolic activities of an organism takes up some part of the energy that it receives from the sun.
From the question, we know that the energy consumed is 1000 J and the energy that is lost to waste and to respiration is 177 J and 784 J respectively. This implies that the available energy is 39J.
The percent of energy that is usable is; 39 J/100J * 100/1 = 3.9 %
The percent of energy that is unusable is; 961 J/1000 J × 100 % = 96.1 %
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What type of insulin is administered at bedtime, either with or without another type of insulin?
The insulin glargine is a long-acting human insulin analogue that is frequently given to type 2 diabetes patients before bed. Compared to human neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, it lowers fasting blood sugar levels more effectively and with fewer nocturnal hypoglycemia episodes.
Diabetes is a metabolic disease treated with a variety of insulins. They are categorised according to how quickly they begin to operate and how long their effects remain.
The various insulin kinds include:
Rapid-acting, which takes effect immediately and lasts for a few hours Regular- or short-acting medications last between three and six hours and fully kick in after around 30 minutes. Intermediate-acting; takes two to four hours to fully kick in. 18 hours is the maximum duration of its effects. long-acting and able to last all-day Pre-mixedTo learn more about insulin glargine click here
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More desert cottontail rabbits move into the ecosystem. Describe how the additional rabbits will affect the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for both coyotes and wild grasses. PLEASE HELP ME !!!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Overgrazing natural and sown pastures, which results in a loss of plant diversification and lower crop yields, is one way that rabbits can harm an area.
What effect of rabbit on carrying capacity of ecosystem?Reducing the carrying capacity of the land by increasing grazing pressure and competing with domestic cattle and local animals for food and shelter.
The neighborhood food chain will be impacted by the cottontail rabbit's population growth. Wild grasses will disappear as a result of increased population.
Due to the abundance of prey, the coyote population will grow. The number of both the coyotes and the extra rabbits will decline.
If the wild grasses are unable to support the extra rabbits, which will have an impact on the ecosystem as a whole.
Therefore, additional rabbits will affect the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for both coyotes and wild grasses.
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If a cell stains dark for the sdh test and light for the matpase test, how can we classify that cell?
Cell stained light for the metaphase test and dark for the SDH, then we can classify the cell as an oxidative cell.
What is metaphase?Metaphase, the second stage of mitosis, sees the chromosomes travel onto the spindle's equatorial plane.
What is the SDH test?Oxidative cell stains are dark for the SDH test and light for the metaphase test.SDH is an enzyme used in testing mainly to detect hepatocellular injury in cattle and horses.SDH enzyme is also detected in human tissues. The major sites where the SDH enzymes are found in humans are kidneys, seminal vesicles and kidneys.To know more about oxidative cells visit:
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Suppose that a subject is presented with two stimuli in succession, e.g., stimulus a followed by stimulus b. stimulus a is said to prime the processing of stimulus b if?
Suppose that a subject is presented with two stimuli in succession, e.g., stimulus a followed by stimulus b. stimulus a is said to prime the processing of stimulus b if Processing of stimulus b is aided by prior exposure to stimulus a.
Priming is a psychological strategy where the introduction of one stimulus affects how people react to another. A memory association or representation is triggered by priming right before the introduction of a new stimulus or activity. This phenomenon happens without our conscious knowledge, but it has the potential to significantly affect many parts of our daily life.
Psychology uses a variety of distinct methods of priming. Each one functions uniquely and might have various outcomes.
Negative and positive priming Conceptual priming Priming with associations Prime-time repetition Cognitive priming Disguised primingTo learn more about stimulus click here
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How can databases of variants be used to help pinpoint a disease-causing mutation?
The human gene mutation database (HGMD) is a collection of published germ-line mutations in nuclear genes that underlie , or are closely associated with human inherited disease.
For identifying the pathogenic mutation among thousands to millions of genomic variant is a major challenges and prioritization strategies are required. Current strategies for Mendelian disease gene identification by exome re-sequencing.
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has been used to identify new pathogenic mutations and genes causing rare genetic diseases. The analyses of NGS data is not trivial and required a technically and biologically rigorous pipeline that address the data quality , accurate variant filtration to minimize mistakes.
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Groups of nerves that accumulate over a region and intercommunicate are called a:_________
Plexus
In a plexus, nerve fibres from many spinal nerves are sorted and recombined to form a single nerve that contains all of the fibres that travel to a particular body area. There are four nerve plexuses in the body's trunk: The head, neck, and shoulder are all connected to the spinal cord by the cervical plexus.
What are Nerve cells ?A particular kind of cell that relays information from the body to the brain and back to the body. A modest electrical current is used to transmit the messages. also known as a neuron.
The cells that take in sensory information from the outside world, provide motor commands to our muscles, and transform and relay electrical signals at each stage along the way.Learn more about Nerve cells here:
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Environmental and cultural factors don't affect someone's level of learning or academic performance that much. please select the best answer from the choices provided t f
It is false that environmental and cultural factors don't affect someone's level of learning or academic performance that much.
Cultural mores can cause conflict between various cultural groups.The setting in which an action is acceptable is influenced by culture.How environmental and cultural factors influence learning?The social environment has an impact on learning by providing a kid with a language and experience-rich setting that stimulates cognitive development, as well as by consistently rewarding them for learning.Cultural factors that might influence are:
Socialization during childhoodSociocultural closeness Ecological adaptationBiological consequencesLanguage are among the factors.Learn more about cultural factors here:
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Organisms use different types of adaptations to aid in their survival. many different types of animals hibernate throughout the winter. during hibernation, the animal's metabolism slows and its core temperature lowers. what is this process called? a. torpor b. sleep c. hyperactivity d. none of the above
Option (A) Torpor is the correct answer
Organisms that undergo hibernation have the ability to slow down their metabolism so as to lower the core temperature. This process is known as Torpor.
Why is torpor important for organisms undergoing hibernation?Torpor is a state in animals where they lower all their metabolic activities and bodily functions so as to keep the body temperature low.
It is done by the animals to conserve resources in conditions where scarcity of food is there.
Some birds undergo torpor to conserve fat in the body.
Some animals use this technique of torpor to survive competition with other species.
These organisms come back to normal physiology when the conditions become favorable.
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A cross of a white horse(WW) and a red horse (RR) produces all Roan (RW) offspring. This type of inheritance is called:
A cross of a white horse(WW) and a red horse (RR) produces all Roan (RW) offspring. This type of inheritance is called: Incomplete dominance.
Incomplete dominance:Incomplete dominance occurs when one or both alleles of a gene are only partially expressed at a particular location. A different or intermediate phenotype is typically produced by this kind of gene interaction. In the case of incomplete dominance, the variations (alleles) are expressed in a reduced ratio rather than as dominant or recessive.
An allele is a type, variety, or group of gene expressions. A creature is made up of one gene and two alleles, one from each parent. A dominant allele is one that suppresses or conceals other alleles while firmly establishing itself in the offspring. An allele is considered recessive if its effects are suppressed by the dominant allele and do not show up in the progeny. The multiple alleles (two or more) for a single gene are referred to as "many alleles."
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4. incandescent bulbs emit light in the yellow-orange range of the spectrum. would these light bulbs produce healthy plants? explain your answer
Incandescent bulbs emit light in the yellow-orange range of the spectrum. These light bulbs would not generally produce healthy plants as a result of reduced photosynthetic activity of plants.
Incandescent bulb was the first kind of light bulb to be invented. It is made up of a glass sphere which contains a small filament of metal that lights up as electricity is passed through it.
Red & blue light are most favorable for plant growth, however, yellow & green have very little effect.
If only yellow light is used, the photosynthetic activity of plants is greatly reduced producing less organic matter which can be utilized by the plant, thus weakening its growth.
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What is the name for the linkage between sugar molecules (i.e., fiber) that cannot be broken by digestion?
β glycosidic is the name for the linkage between sugar molecules (i.e., fiber) that cannot be broken by digestion.
What is a Simple Sugar Molecule?Our bodies get their energy from a group of macromolecules called carbohydrates. Simple sugars are lengthy chains that make up the polymers known as carbohydrates
Some characteristics of simple sugar molecule are-
Monosaccharides, often known as simple sugars, are the fundamental component of carbohydrates. Dehydration synthesis, often known as a condensation reaction, is the mechanism that connects these simple sugars. Dehydration and synthesis both refer to the loss of water. Water cannot be added to a sugar molecule directly; it must first be taken out of the molecule before the two sugar molecules can be linked. This glue, known as a glycosidic linkage, holds these lengthy chains containing simple sugars together.As a result, both simple sugars and carbohydrates are categorized as organic compounds. In addition, all sugar molecules have a -ose ending. Examples of compounds with a -ose ending are glucose and fructose.
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The _____ reflects the electrical impulse of the heart emanating from the atria.
The P wave reflects the electrical impulse of the heart emanating from the atria.
This P wave is a summation wave which is an electrical activity that comes from successive signaling from multiple points, by causing wave-like contractions. These multiple points contain pacemaker cells that generate action potentials independently of the CNS.
The P wave is the first wave found on the electrocardiogram of a healthy individual. P wave render the voltage, which specifically triggers atrial muscle cell contraction. It is accompanied by the PR interval, the QRS complex, the ST interval, and finally the T wave.
When there is a rapid or slow heartbeat then it is easy to recognize it by looking at the intervals between the T wave and the P wave.
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Answer:
SA notes
Explanation:
Because most cigar and pipe smokers do not ______, as a group they have a lower risk of cancer than cigarette smokers.
Because most cigar and pipe smokers do not inhale the smoke , as a group they have a lower risk of cancer than cigarette smokers.
The cigarettes, cigars, and pipe tobacco are made out of dried tobacco leaves. The other substances are usually added for flavor and to make smoking more gratifying. The smoke from these products is a complex mixture of chemicals produced by flaring tobacco and its additives.
There are at least 70 known chemicals to cause cancer. These cancer-causing chemicals are referred to as carcinogens.
It is so because cigars and pipes are usually believed to be less harmful way than to smoke tobacco. It was once a trend to use cigars in the 1990s, luring/dragging the young and the old.
Most of the people think cigars are less harmful to their health, but they actually pose the same risk for oral cancer as cigarettes do. Many cigar smokers don't inhale the smoke, but still the risk for oral, throat, and esophageal cancer is alike as for cigarette smokers.
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Which of the following statements about renewable energy resources is true?
Select one:
a.
Using renewable energy resources never harms the environment.
b.
There are endless supplies of all renewable energy resources.
c.
All renewable energy resources are cheap to use.
d.
None of these.
The statement that is true about renewable energy resources is that there are endless supplies of all renewable energy resources (option B).
What is renewable energy resource?Renewable energy is the energy that is collected from renewable resources such as;
wind powerhydropowersolar energyA renewable resource is that natural resource that is replenished by natural processes at a rate comparable to its rate of consumption by humans or other users.
This suggests that renewable resources have an unlimited supply and will likely not be exhausted. This is unlike the non-renewable counterparts like crude oil, gas etc.
Therefore, the statement that is true about renewable energy resources is that there are endless supplies of all renewable energy resources.
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What is the name of the test used to determine if a bacterium can produce acetoin?
Which type of bone formation occurs through a tight matrix of collagen fibers, which slowly calcify into bone?
Intramembranous bone formation occurs through a tight matrix of collagen fibers, which slowly calcify into bone.
Compact and spongy bone forms directly from sheets of mesenchymal (undifferentiated) connective tissue during intramembranous ossification. Intramembranous ossification is responsible for the formation of the flat facial bones, the majority of the cranial bones, and the clavicles (collarbones).Mesenchymal cells that are gathered together and start to differentiate into specialized cells in the embryonic skeleton signal the start of the process. Some of these cells will develop into capillaries, while others will differentiate into osteogenic cells, which will later develop into osteoblasts. Early osteoblasts first emerge as a group known as an ossification center, though they will eventually be dispersed by the development of bone tissue.Collagen precursors and other organic proteins make up the osteoid, uncalcified matrix that the osteoblasts release; this matrix calcifies (hardens) in a matter of days as mineral salts are deposited on it, encasing the osteoblasts.learn more about Intramembranous bone here: https://brainly.com/question/12885340
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Given the parents aabbcc × aabbcc, assume simple dominance for each trait and independent assortment. What proportion of the progeny will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent?.
The correct answer is 3/4.
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True or false the consumption of irradiated food during pregnancy can cause birth defects
Consumption of irradiated food during pregnancy can cause birth defects is false.
What are birth defects?Birth defect in pregnancy are the structural or functional abnormalities occur during intrauterine stage. It can be detected either prenatally or in infancy state.
The primary causes are genetic, Socioeconomic, Environmental and other factors.
Chromosomal abnormalities and single gene defects are the major genetic abnormality based birth defects, such as Down syndrome and cystic fibrosis etc.
When parents are related by their blood group can also leads to high risk of rare genetic birth defects.
Hence, the statement is false
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Would needed to target a cytosolic protein (fully translated) to the exoplasmic face of the plasma membrane?
The protein that is initially modified by the addition of branching carbohydrate chains in the rough Endoplasmic reticulum. The protein in it final set of carbohydrates chains is then transported to plasma membrane in transport vesicle.
In cytosol that expect for a few protein made in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Protein do not have a signal peptide stay in cytosol for the rest of translation. They can lack other address labels, and stay in the cytosol permanently.
They have the rights labels, they can be sent the mitochondria , chloroplasts, peroxisomes after the translation. Protein that made in the cytosol that stay permanent.
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Why is onpg used as the substrate for the β-galactosidase assay rather than lactose?
Answer:
Explanation:
Unlike lactose, the substrate O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) is capable of penetrating the bacterial cell without the presence of permease. In the broth method of testing, the organism is taken from a medium containing a high concentration of lactose and is inoculated into the ONPG Broth.
What is the only cpr performance monitor typically available for measuring a physiologic end point?
The only CPR performance monitor typically available for measuring a physiologic endpoint is the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) or invasive hemodynamic data.
The main function of physiological endpoints is to respond to environmental stressors and can serve as important tools in ecotoxicology.
What is a Health Monitor?This refers to the medical tools or machines that are used to observe and view the bodily functions of a human body or mammal.
Hence, we can see that The main function of physiological endpoints is to respond to environmental stressors and can serve as important tools in ecotoxicology.
Therefore, the only CPR performance monitor typically available for measuring a physiologic endpoint is end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) or invasive hemodynamic data.
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