A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can be either beneficial or harmful. 1) B, false.
What is a mutation?A mutation is a stable and hereditably change in the genetic material that introduces new variants.
These changes are unpredictable, and occur due to the action of mutagenic agents that alter DNI sequences.
Different mutagenic agents cause changes in genetic information, increasing mutations over the normal level.
Mutagenic agents cause changes in the base sequences and pairing.
Many of these mutations are eliminated, but some might succeed and be incorporated into each individual, getting to even affect the entire species.
These mutations are the ones that have been selected by natural selection.
Mutations depend on environmental conditions and ecological pressures, and accumulate in time. Mutations can be damaging or beneficial to the organism and might be inheritable or not.
Those favored by natural selection are inherited by the following generations and get to spread.
The statement is False, Option B.
You can learn more about mutations at
https://brainly.com/question/9315431
#SPJ1
Answer: False, it should read "Some mutations may be harmful and increase the risk of diseases such as cancer, but many are beneficial"
Explanation: Not all mutations are harmful because some are useful and help many
When an individual's immune system responds to an appropriate antigenic stimulus during the course of daily activities, this is called:______.
When an individual's immune system responds to an appropriate antigenic stimulus during the course of daily activities, this is called: "naturally acquired active immunity."
What is immune system?A vast network of organ, white blood cell, protein (antibodies), and chemicals make up your immune system.
Together, these components of your body's defense system guard you against external intruders (bacteria, virus, parasites, and fungus) that can lead to illness, disease, and infection.
The features of properly working immune system are-
When your immune response is in optimal condition: Your immune system can distinguish between your own cells and chemicals that are external to your body when it is functioning properly. It energises, mobilizes, engages in combat with, and eradicates potentially harmful foreign invader microbes. After you've been exposed to pathogens, your immune system picks them up. Your body produces antibodies to defend you against certain particular pathogens. The process of receiving a vaccine is an illustration of this idea.To know more about main function of the immune system, here
https://brainly.com/question/15595309
#SPJ4
How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in converting 1 mole of glucose to lactate?
For converting 1 mole of glucose to lactate only 2 high energy phosphate (ATP) is required. There is 7 ATP are produced per mole of glucose in glycolysis aerobically but aerobic respiration pyruvate is converted to lactate by dehydrogenase at cost of 2 NADH.
Glucose gets rearranged during the starting molecules and two phosphate groups are attached to it. These phosphate groups make the modified sugar- now called fructose -1, 6- bis-phosphate unstable and allowing it to split in half and form two phosphate bearing three carbon sugars.
In the process of glycolysis the direct transfer of high energy phosphate from 1,3- diphosphoglyceric acid and phosphoenol pyruvate to adenine diphosphate which result in the formation of two ATP molecules.
To learn more about the glycolysis here
https://brainly.com/question/15159050
#SPJ4
What are the 4 ways or mechanisms by which a planet or moon can gain an atmosphere?
Four processes—outgassing, evaporation, sublimation, and surface ejection—can help a planet or moon to gain an atmosphere.
1) Outgassing: The release of a gas that has been dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in a substance is known as outgassing.
The outgassing that took place as the smaller, inner planets cooled down is likely how they acquired their atmospheres (volcanoes).
2) Evaporation : The process of converting anything from a liquid or solid state to vapors is called evaporation (like fog, mist, or steam).
So upon evaporation, water converts into gas and that's how moon gain an atmosphere by evaporation.
3) Sublimation : Converting a solid directly into a gas without first going through a liquid phase.
4)Surface ejection: A surface ejection is a massive discharge of plasma and magnetic field into the heliosphere from the Sun's corona.
Learn more about atmosphere on moon here https://brainly.com/question/937046
#SPJ4
The origin of the frontalis muscle is the:________
a. frontal bone.
b. mandible.
c. occipital bone.
d. forehead.
e. epicranial aponeurosis.
The origin of the frontal bone is muscle is the forehead. Thus, the option D is the correct option.
What is hyoid bone?The hyoid bone has been considered as the part of the hyo-gloso-pharyngeal complex at the base of the lower jaw and at the level of the third and the fourth cervical vertebrae. The thirteen muscles has been inserted into it, the ones above are the suprahyoids that are responsible for lowering the jaw. The hyoid bone has been involved in the phonation, as well as chewing and swallowing.
Parietal bones has been paired the structure that form the roof and the side of the cranium.The parietal bones has been articulated with each other and they form suture. It articulates occipital bone posteriorly,and anteriorly with the frontal bone which form a suture called as coronal suture.
Inferiorly the parietal bone has been articulated with the sphenoid and temporal bone. Zygomatic bone has irregular shaped and the paired structure that the articulates with maxilla as well as temporal bone, sphenoid bone,and the frontal bone.
Therefore, The origin of the frontal bone is muscle is the forehead. Thus, the option D is the correct option.
Learn more about hyoid bone on:
https://brainly.com/question/6080319
#SPJ2
Hen the body responds by dilating superficial vessels in the skin, blood comes toward the surface of the skin. this allows ________.
When the body responds by dilating superficial vessels in the skin, blood comes toward the surface of the skin. This allows the release of heat to allow cooling.
The sweat glands start to produce more perspiration when the body temperature rises, as it does during physical activity on a hot day.The body is cooled via heat loss caused by sweat evaporation from the skin's surface.The skin's blood vessels dilate and expand, either releasing or trapping heat. Our skin contains roughly 3 million sweat glands, and when they grow, blood flow increases and heat is given to it.The dermal blood arteries nourish the skin and assist in controlling body temperature. The blood vessels enlarge (dilate) in response to heat, allowing a lot of blood to flow close to the skin's surface where the heat can be dissipated. blood vessels narrow (constrict), the cold retaining the body's heat.learn more about skin's blood vessels here: https://brainly.com/question/6235443
#SPJ4
Drag each tile to the correct location. classify the events according to the gas they primarily contribute to the atmosphere. cattle digest food. animals perform respiration. forest fires burn. plants perform photosynthesis.
Cattle digest food - methane and carbon dioxide
Animals perform respiration - carbon dioxide
Forest fires burn - carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane
Plants perform photosynthesis = oxygen
Events and the gas they contributeCattles are able to digest cellulose, fibers, and their likes through the activities of certain bacteria. The process happens through the enteric fermentation of these materials. Thus, carbon dioxide is produced as well as methane.
During respiration, carbohydrates in the form of glucose are broken down to extract the lock-up energy for biological processes. In addition to water, carbon dioxide is also produced as a by-product.
Burning forests leads to the emission of gases like methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide.
During photosynthesis, inorganic materials are used to synthesize carbohydrates with the by-product being oxygen gas.
More on emissions to the atmosphere can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/10283285
#SPJ1
Events according to the gas they primarily contributed to the atmosphere:
Oxygen - Plants perform photosynthesis
Methane - Cattle digest food
Carbon dioxide - Forest fires burn / Animals perform respiration
abit late, but glad I helped <3<3<3:D
One of the reasons bacteria can be so deadly is because they multiply very quickly. E. coli has a doubling time of around 15 minutes. This means that if 100 bacteria are left alone for 2 hours, they will multiply to become:
Answer:
the amount of e. coli is now 25,600
Explanation:
2 hours = 120 minutes
120/15 = 8
i dont know how to write down this next part so im gonna just do it slowly
100 x 2 = 200200 x 2 = 400400 x 2 = 800800 x 2 = 16001600 x 2 = 32003200 x 2 = 64006400 x 2 = 1280012800 x 2 = 25600How would you describe the environment a pathogen would encounter in the small intestine?
The environment that a pathogen would encounter in the small intestine would be harsh and unfavorable for its existence.
The small intestine has a harsh environment for microbial life on account of short transit time, the influx of digestive enzymes as well as bile and intermittent food substrate delivery.
The intestinal microbiota is the collective term used to describe the large and diverse microbial community that inhabits the intestine.
An important benefit provided by the intestinal microbiota to the host intestine is the protection from colonization by exogenous pathogens (a phenomenon nowadays termed as colonization resistance) and from overgrowth of indigenous pathobionts i.e. potential pathogenic symbionts of the microbiota.
To learn more about small intestine here
https://brainly.com/question/1751875
#SPJ4
What qualities of a chemical reaction are affected by enzymes?
Enzyme lowers the chemical reaction's activation energy, is made up of proteins, and acts as biocatalysts. Enzymes are a part of all living things. Some compounds are created, while others are broken down by their reaction. Enzymes are produced by our bodies spontaneously. However, food and manufactured goods both contain enzymes.
An enzyme's four primary properties are;
They are very catalytic and can efficiently catalyse a chemical reaction with a slight amount. They expedite reactions while staying constant throughout. The effectiveness and function of enzymes can quickly be impacted by temperature, pH, and inhibitors. Enzymes typically catalyse only one type of substrate and have a relatively narrow range of applications.To learn more about Enzymes click here
brainly.com/question/17320375
#SPJ4
Underdominance tends to _____________ the number of heterozygotes over many generations
Underdominance tends to lower the number of heterozygotes over many generations.
Heterozygous having a disadvantage in reproductive success is called underdominance. This condition is also called negative overdominance.
Underdominance cannot preserve genetic variation, and one of the alleles will either be lost or spread to fixation depending on its initial frequency.
In evolution, the selection favoring heterozygotes is called overdominance while the selection favoring homozygotes is called underdominance.
An example of underdominance can be seen in an African butterfly species (Pseudacraea eurytus) which utilizes batesian mimicry to escape predation. They have two alleles to confer the appearance of local butterflies that are toxic to predators.
The butterfly with heterozygous allele shows an intermediate appearance and thus experiences increased predation than the butterfly with homozygous alleles.
Learn more about Dominance on
https://brainly.com/question/26292537
#SPJ1
Pyruvate dehydrogenase is regulated by feedback inhibition and covalent modification. Which molecules inhibit the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
ADP, NAD+, CoA-SH, and pyruvate are the molecules that inhibit the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
What is pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?PDC3 triggers the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, resulting in the creation of acetyl-CoA, CO2, and NADH.
The PDC plays a crucial role in the oxidation of glucose by connecting the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic acid cycle's oxidative pathway.
ADP, NAD+, CoA-SH, and pyruvate all inhibit it. PDK prevents glycolysis from being coupled to GO by inhibiting its target enzyme PDH.
Thus, the answer is ADP, NAD+, CoA-SH, and pyruvate .
For more details regarding pyruvate dehydrogenase, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/16346028
#SPJ4
Fluid excess can be caused by volume excess or a condition called ____________ hydration
Fluid excess can be caused by volume excess or a condition called hypervolemia hydration.
Hypervolemia, also called fluid overload, is the condition of having too much water in your body. While the body normally has a certain amount of fluids in it, too much fluid can damage your health.
Fluid excess can occur in two main ways in the body, water intoxication and edema. Firstly Water Intoxication The result of an excess of extracellular water without having an excess of solutes. Secondly Edema the excess of both solutes and water, which is also termed isotonic volume excess. ECF volume expansion typically occurs in heart failure, kidney failure, nephrotic syndrome, and cirrhosis.
To learn more about Hypervolemia , here
https://brainly.com/question/13218064
#SPJ4
A sand particle which is 0.5 mm and traveling in a stream with a flow velocity of 1,000mms
a transport
b settle
c erode
d deposit
The sand particle of 0.5mm size and travelling in a stream with flow velocity 1000mm/s is erode.
To find the answer, we have to know more about the stream flow
How sand particle travelling in a stream?The smallest sand grains, measuring between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm, are the ones that erode the fastest in streams. Any object that is smaller or larger needs more water moving past it in order to be eroded and entrained in the flow.A little silt grain needs to be eroded at a faster rate than a sand grain that is 100 times bigger! The difference is even more pronounced for particles the size of clay. The smallest sand grains, measuring between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm, are the ones that erode the fastest in streams.Thus, we can conclude that, the sand particle of 0.5mm size and travelling in a stream with flow velocity 1000mm/s is erode.
Learn more about the stream flow here:
https://brainly.com/question/27490687
#SPJ1
If the heart rate of a seal is 60 beats per min, how many beats should occur in ten seconds? group of answer choices 60 6 12 10
10 heart beats will occur in 10 seconds.
Adults typically have a resting heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute. A lower resting heart rate typically indicates improved cardiovascular fitness and more effective cardiac function. A well-trained athlete, for instance, might have a typical resting heart rate that is closer to 40 beats per minute.Animals' heart rates ranged from 83 to 145 beats per minute, with an average of 108.7 +/- 17.7 beats per minute (SD). The majority of animal heart rate fluctuations were explained by morphometrics. These collaborated to create a complex link between heart rate and activity patterns, which also included diving activity and swimming speed.if 60 beats occur in 60 seconds then 1 beat will occur in 1 second. Thus in 10 seconds 10 beats will occur.
learn more about heart beats here: https://brainly.com/question/26292783
#SPJ4
A scientist investigated whether giving plants different quantities of magnesium affected their growth. He
measured growth by counting the number of new leaves produced. Write down a hypothesis he could test in his
investigation
The hypothesis that the scientist could test in his investigation is as follows: IF plants are given more than 2.0mg of magnesium, THEN their growth will be negatively affected.
What is an hypothesis?Hypothesis is a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation.
An hypothesis is commonly referred to as an educated guess because it tends to provide a temporary explanation for a phenomenon.
According to this question, a scientist investigated whether giving plants different quantities of magnesium affected their growth. He measured growth by counting the number of new leaves produced.
The hypothesis of the scientist regarding the above experiment could be as follows: IF plants are given more than 2.0mg of magnesium, THEN their growth will be negatively affected.
Learn more about hypothesis at: https://brainly.com/question/13025783
#SPJ1
Which of the following was
MOST responsible for the
turn-around in water quality
in Lake Washington?
A. adding additional fertilizers to the lake
B. adding excess pollutants to the lake
C. regulations on sewage treatment
D. addition of pollution-eating bacteria
Most responsible for the turn-around in water quality in Lake Washington is option c) regulations on sewage treatment.
What does sewage treatment mean?To prevent water pollution from discharges of raw sewage, sewage treatment is a sort of wastewater treatment that tries to remove contaminants from sewage to generate an effluent that is appropriate for discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application. Sewage includes pre-treated industrial effluent as well as wastewater from homes, companies, and possibly other sources. There are many different sewage treatment methods available.
Decentralized systems (including on-site treatment systems) and huge centralized systems that transport sewage to a treatment facility via a network of pipes and pump stations are examples of these. Urban runoff (stormwater) from cities with combined sewers is also transported by the sewers to the sewage treatment facility. Sewage treatment often involves two main stages, called primary and secondary treatment.
Learn more about sewage treatment here:
https://brainly.com/question/27936084
#SPJ1
The process whereby heat flows by means of molecular collisions is referred to as:________
The process whereby heat flows by means of molecular collisions is referred to as conduction.
Conduction is the process by which heat energy is transmitted through collisions between neighboring atoms or molecules. Conduction occurs more readily in solids and liquids, where the particles are closer together than in gases, where particles are further apart.
Because in conduction molecules are closely packed. When one molecule is heated, it vibrates higher than lower energized molecules or the lower temperature molecules and collide with and finally transfer some energy to them.
The rate of energy transfer by conduction is higher when there is a large temperature difference between the substances that are in contact.
To learn more about conduction, here
brainly.com/question/12136944
#SPJ4
Maintain population numbers close to the habitat carrying capacity are called _______ species
Animal species that exhibit long gestation periods, give birth to relatively large offspring, and maintain population numbers close to the habitat carrying capacity are called K-selected species.
In nature, a given habitat contains sufficient resources such as food, water, etc. to support a maximum possible number of biological species, beyond which no further growth is possible. It is termed as nature's carrying capacity for that species in the habitat.
MacArthur and Wilson proposed that there are two life-history strategies i.e. K-selected and r-selected. K-selected species exhibit a proportionately stable population that gives rise to a low number of offspring which tend to be very large. For example the African elephant is included among K-selected species.
To learn more about carrying capacity here
https://brainly.com/question/14194197
#SPJ4
The force required to prevent the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is __________ pressure
The force required to prevent the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is osmotic pressure. The plasma membrane forms a vesicle around the substances to be transported, and the vesicle around the vesicle is taken into cells.
Osmotic pressure depends on both the pressure gradient and concentration gradient. This is only affected by the temperature and concentration of solute, each affect the movement of water across a membrane.
Higher the concentration is higher temperature increases osmotic pressure, which produced or associate with osmosis and dependent on molar concentration and absolute temperature. Hydro-static pressure forces fluid out of the capillary , osmotic pressure draws fluid back in.
To learn more above the Osmotic pressure here
https://brainly.com/question/15501096
#SPJ4
If the water potential of a cell is -800kpa and solute potential of the same cell is 600 kpa then the water potential of that cell at equilibrium is?
The water potential of that cell at equilibrium is -200kpa.
Solution:
given that
Water potential [tex]\psi = -800kpa[/tex]
solute potential [tex]\psi _s = 600kpa[/tex]
we need to find water potential at equilibrium [tex]\psi _ w = ?[/tex]
We know that water potential = [tex]\psi = -\psi_s + \psi_w[/tex]
-800 = -600 + [tex]\psi _w[/tex]
[tex]\psi _w[/tex] = -200kpa
What is Water Potential?The potential energy of water per unit volume in comparison to pure water under reference conditions is known as water potential. The tendency of water to migrate from one place to another due to osmosis, gravity, mechanical pressure, and matrix effects like capillary action is measured by water potential (which is caused by surface tension).Understanding and computing water movement inside plants, animals, and soil have proven to be made easier by the concept of water potential. Greek letter is frequently used to symbolize water potential, which is normally stated in terms of potential energy per unit volume.Water potential combines a number of various water movement-related potential forces that may work in parallel or in opposition to one another. Numerous possible elements may be active at once in complicated biological systems.To learn more about water potential with the given link
https://brainly.com/question/17029221
#SPJ4
Which fluid is expected to have lowest viscosity? all the fluids are at the same temperature
Helium has lowest viscosity .
The least viscous at any temperature must be superfluid liquid helium. Many liquids exhibit low viscosity at room temperature, such as water or alcohol, and other liquids demonstrate low viscosity under increasing heat. For example, cooking oil, although rather inviscid at room temperature, becomes even less viscous when it is heated in a pan.
Honey has the greatest resistance to flow, so it has the greatest viscosity. Causes of viscosity in liquids is due to strong cohesive forces between the molecules, any layer in a moving fluid tries to drag the adjacent layer to move with an equal speed and thus produces the effect of viscosity.
To learn more about viscosity , here
https://brainly.com/question/13385698
#SPJ4
Explain how insulin and glucagon regulate the balance (i.e. homeostasis) between glycogen and glucose when epinephrine is not involved
Answer:
glucose
Explanation:
Oh no! The FBI kidnapped Mike and put him in an fMRI machine to track whether he was lying or not. According to Dr. Barrett, what are possible ways Mike could conceal his lying?
Answer choices:
Shake his head in the scanner
Place pillows in between him and the scanner headpiece
Fall asleep
He's screwed because with enough training in a mock scanner, the fMRI is sure to work
The correct answer is he's screwed because with enough training in a mock scanner, the fMRI is sure to work.
The FBI kidnapped Mike and put him in an fMRI machine to track whether he was lying or not. FBI detects lies from the flow of blood. when he is lying, his brain put more efforts and more flow of blood.
fMRI detects lies according to brain activation patterns. Its brain activation patterns shoed different from the person who is innocent.
The flow of blood in activated areas helps in tracking lies using an fMRI machine. So, during the lie detection areas highlighted if a person lies.
learn more about the fMRI machine: https://brainly.com/question/6231239
#SPJ1
The role of the liver in waste removal is to:
A. Filter urea out of the blood and into the bladder.
B. Filter excess salt and water out of the blood.
C. Break down dead cell into carbon dioxide to be expelled by
the lungs.
D. Break down excess amino acids and ammonia into urea.
D
Explanation:
kidneys are used to filter blood..... removal of water, urea and excess salts
The role of the liver in waste removal is to filter urea out of the blood and into the bladder. Thus, option A is correct.
What is liver and its function?The liver is a very important organ of human body and the weight of liver is 1.5 kg and width of liver is 15 cm. The colour of liver is reddish - brown.
The main functions of liver are it carries out the function of protein's metabolism and it excretes bile and it is also responsible for excreting cholesterol, hormones, bilirubin and drugs.
The liver also stores vitamins, glycogen, and minerals so it the center of storage also.
As liver is a very important organ so to maintain it's health a person have to maintain a healthy weight, take a balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding toxins, and less use of alcohol leads to keep the liver safe and healthy.
Therefore, the role of the liver in waste removal is to filter urea out of the blood and into the bladder. Thus, option A is correct.
Learn more about liver here:
https://brainly.com/question/15637828
#SPJ2
Bacterial cells are capable of being transformed only under certain conditions. Bacteria that are in the particular physiological state to become transformed are called ________.
Answer:
a4treeeeeeeee
Explanation:
The ________ are characterized by having; average diameter of 30 µm, thin adventitia, and often an incomplete media.
Answer: venules
Explanation:
Excitation of the quadriceps femoris group and inhibition of the hamstring group is termed _______ innervation.
Excitation of the quadriceps femoris group and inhibition of the hamstring group is termed reciprocal innervation.
Reciprocal inhibition describes the relaxation of muscles on one side of a joint to accommodate contraction on the other side. Quadriceps femoris muscle are large fleshy muscle group covering the front and sides of the thigh. It has four parts namely rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermediate. Quadriceps femoris consists of the rectus femoris and the three vastus muscles. These muscles work together to extend the knee and stabilize the patella, or kneecap.
To learn more about quadriceps femoris , here
https://brainly.com/question/6980513
#SPJ4
In the electron-transport chain in chloroplasts, _______energy electrons are taken from _______.
Answer:
In the electron-transport chain in chloroplasts, low energy electrons are taken from H20 (Water).
Cattle egret follow herds of cattle and feed on both the insects stirred by the movement of the cattle and the biting insects that irritate the cattle. this is an example of:______.
Commensalism relationship is shown between cattle egret and cattle.
Usually cattle egrets follow herds of large hoofed mammals such as cattle, buffalo. They eat the insects that have been stirred up by the buffalo as they move. This relationship is commensalism, because the birds benefit but the ungulate is neither harmed nor helped.
The cattle egret and grazing cattle in a close association is a classic example of commensalism. It is a common sight in rural areas where one can see ticks hovering over the cattle. They feed on cattle's blood and hence are harmful to them as they can transmit several diseases. The cattle egret and grazing cattle in a close association is a classic example of commensalism. It is a common sight in rural areas where one can see ticks hovering over the cattle. They feed on cattle's blood and hence are harmful to them as they can transmit several diseases.
To learn more about commensalism , here
https://brainly.com/question/14224704
#SPJ4
What structures/ property of the heart in the heart (cardiac muscle) prevents the heart from having tetany?
