The number of NH₄⁺ NH₄⁺ and CO₃⁻² CO₃⁻² ions required to form a neutral ionic compound are 2 and 1 respectively.
A Neutral Ionic Compound means a compound that is made by both positively and negatively charged ions i.e. cations and anions respectively.
NH₄⁺ is called as Ammonium ion formed due to addition of H+ (Proton) in Ammonia and CO₃⁻² is called as Carbonate ion formed with a Trigonal Planar structure.
For a compound having NH₄⁺ and CO₃⁻², a neutral compound can be made by keeping the total charge on the compound to be zero.
Hence, Ammonium carbonate (NH₄) ₂CO₃ is a neutral compound formed by taking 2 NH₄⁺ and 1 CO₃⁻² ions.
So, for the formation of the Neutral compound i.e. Ammonium carbonate (NH₄) ₂CO₃ , 2 NH₄⁺ and 1 CO₃⁻² is needed.
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What is the carbon nucleophile which attacks molecular bromine in the acid-catalyzed α-bromination of a ketone?
The carbon nucleophile which attacks molecular bromine in the acid-catalyzed α-bromination of a ketone an acetylide. The Organometallic reagents like those used in the Grignard, Blaise, Reformatsky, and Barbier reactions as well as reactions involving the organolithium reagents and acetylides are frequently used as carbon nucleophiles.
These chemicals are frequently employed in nucleophilic additions. Compounds or intermediates that contain an electron-rich carbon atom are known as carbon-centered nucleophiles because they have the ability to donate an electron pair from that carbon atom to an electrophile. When writing resonance structures, the strong negative nature of a metal-bonded the carbon is apparent.
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The half-life of sr-90 is 28 years. after 56 years of decay only 0. 40 g of a sample remains. what was the mass of the original sample?
a. 0. 050 g
b. 0. 10 g
c. 3. 2 g
d. 1. 6 g
Half-life is the time taken for the concentration of the substance to reduce by 50%. The original sample of strontium had a mass of 1.6 gms. Thus, option d is correct.
What is half-life?The half-life of any radioactive substance is the time period at which the concentration will get reduced to half the initial amount. The initial mass of Sr-90 is calculated as,
[tex]N(t) = N_{0} (\dfrac{1}{2})^{ \frac{t }{t 1/2}}[/tex]
Given,
Quantity of the remaining substance N (t) = 0.40 gm
Initial radioactive substance quantity [tex]N_{0}[/tex] =?
Time duration (t) = 56 years
Half-life = 28 years
Substituting values above:
[tex]\begin{aligned} 0.40 &= N_{0} (\dfrac{1}{2}) ^{{\frac{56}{28}}\\\\0.40 &= N_{0} (\dfrac{1}{2})^{2}\end{aligned}[/tex]
= 1.6 gm
Therefore, option d. the initial mass of Sr is 1.6 gm.
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2. 109×103 g of ethylene glycol, c2h4(oh)2, are dissolved in 2. 40×103 g of water. what is the mole fraction of ethylene glycol?
The mole fraction of ethylene glycol is 0.203.
What is a mole fraction?The mole fraction represents the number of moles of a specific component divided by the total number of moles present in the given solution.
It is a method of expressing the concentration of a solution
Mole fraction can be represented by x. Let a solution consists of components A and B then, the mole fraction is
[tex]Mole fraction of solute, n_A = \frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B}[/tex]
[tex]Mole fraction of solvent, n_B = \frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B}[/tex]
The molar mass of ethylene glycol = 62 g
Given the mass of ethylene glycol = 2.109 x 10³ g
The molar mass of water = 18 g
Given the mass of water= 2.40×10³ g
No moles of ethylene glycol, [tex]n_A[/tex] = [tex]\frac{2.109 \times 10^3 g}{62 g}[/tex]
=34.02
No of moles of water, [tex]n_B[/tex] = [tex]\frac{2.40 \times 10^3 g}{18 g}[/tex] = 133.33
Mole fraction of ethylene glycol = [tex]x = \frac{n_A}{n_A +n_B}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{34.02}{34.02+133.33} = \frac{34.02}{167.35}[/tex]
= 0.203
Hence, The mole fraction of ethylene glycol is 0.203
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Olive oil and butter both contain fats; however, olive oil is liquid at room temperature and butter is solid. Why?.
This is why even though Olive oil and butter both contain fats, olive oil is liquid at room temperature and butter is solid.
Since saturated fat makes up the majority of butter, it is solid at room temperature. Olive oil is an unsaturated fat since it is liquid at room temperature. Through hydrogenation processes, an unsaturated fat can be converted to a saturated fat.What are saturated fats?a form of fat believed to be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fat because it contains a higher percentage of fatty acid molecules lacking double bonds.butter, ghee, suet, lard, coconut oil and palm oil, cakes, biscuits, fatty cuts of meat are some of the examples.What are unsaturated fats?a form of fat that is thought to be healthier in the diet than saturated fat because it contains a high percentage of fatty acid molecules with at least one double bond.Olive, peanut, and canola oils, Avocados, Nuts such as almonds, hazelnuts, and pecans, Seeds such as pumpkin and sesame seeds are some of the examples.To learn more about fats visit:
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Drag each relation to the correct location on the table. Classify the relations according to whether or not they are functions. 30 points I need answer quick. This is due right now.
Using the given relations we can deduce the fact that 3x-0.25y=3 is the only function and the other two -3x=15, 2y=10 are said to be not a functions.
What is known to be a function?A function is a term that is known to be the association that do exist between a group of inputs that are said to have only a single output each.
A function is also seen as the association between inputs where each input which is known to be linked to only one output.
To know the function, we have been given 3 relations that are:
-3x=15
2y=10
3x-0.25y=3
In -3x=15, one can calculate the value of x=-5 but cannot calculate for the value of y.
In 2y=10, we see that only one variable via which we can only get the value of y.
In 3x-0.25y=3 , when we put the value of x then we can be able to get the value of y and this means that each value of x is said to be a corresponding value of y. Therefore 3x-0.25y=3 is said to be the only function among the three.
Therefore, Using the given relations we can deduce the fact that 3x-0.25y=3 is the only function and the other two -3x=15, 2y=10 are said to be not a functions.
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See full question below
Drag each relation to the correct location on the table.
Classify the relations according to whether or not they are functions.
-3x = 15
2y = 10
3x − 0.25y = 3
{(2, 3), (1, 3), (5, 3), (2, 6)}
How many grams of CO would be required to generate 635 g CO2
The amount of CO that would be required to generate 635 g of CO2 will be 404.14 g
Stoichiometric problemFirst, let us get the equation of the reaction:
[tex]2CO + O_2 -- > 2CO_2[/tex]
From the equation, we can see that the mole ratio of CO to that of CO2 is 1:1.
635 g of CO2 is to be generated.
Mole of 635 g CO2 = mass/molar mass = 635/44.01 = 14.43 moles
Thus, the equivalent mole of CO required will also be 14.43 moles.
Mass of 14.43 moles CO = moles x molar mass = 14.43 x 28.01 = 404.14 g
Hence, 404.14 g of CO will be required to produce 635 g of CO2
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Assuming the salt is sodium chloride, what is the approximate molar concentration of salt in ocean water if the density of ocean water is 1.028 kg/l?
Molar concentration of Sodium chloride (NaCl) means the number of moles of sodium chloride present in 1L of water.
Molar mass of NaCl = Molar mass of Na + Molar mass of Cl
Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5
Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5g
∴ 1L of water contains 55.55 moles of water. Hence,
Mass of ocean water = 55.55 × 18 = 999.9g
Since, 1L of ocean water has a mass of 999.9g of which 3.5% is the salt.
hence, (999.9) (0.035) = 34.99g
So, No. of moles of NaCl = Mass of NaCl / 58g NaCl per mol
No. of moles of NaCl = 34.99/58.5
No. of moles of NaCl = 0.59 moles
So, Molar concentration or Molarity would be 0.59 moles present in 1L of solution.
Hence, Molarity or Molar Concentration = Moles of NaCl/ Volume of solution (in L)
Molarity = 0.59/1L
⇒ Molarity = 0.59M
Hence, the molarity is 0.59M
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What can happen if the level of the developing liquid is higher than the applied spots in the tlc analysis?
If the solvent level in the developing jar is deeper than the origin (spotting line) of the TLC plate, the solvent will dissolve the compounds into the solvent reservoir instead of allowing them to move up the plate by capillary action. Thus, you will not see spots after the plate is developed.
What is Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)?
TLC is a simple, quick, and inexpensive procedure that gives the chemist a quick answer as to how many components are in a mixture. TLC is also used to support the identity of a compound in a mixture when the Rf of a compound is compared with the Rf of a known compound.A TLC plate is a sheet of glass, metal, or plastic which is coated with a thin layer of a solid adsorbent (usually silica or alumina). A small amount of the mixture to be analysed is spotted near the bottom of this plate. The TLC plate is then placed in a shallow pool of a solvent in a developing chamber so that only the very bottom of the plate is in the liquid. This liquid, or the eluent, is the mobile phase, and it slowly rises up the TLC plate by capillary action.As the solvent moves past the spot that was applied, an equilibrium is established for each component of the mixture between the molecules of that component which are adsorbed on the solid and the molecules which are in solution. In principle, the components will differ in solubility and in the strength of their adsorption to the adsorbent and some components will be carried farther up the plate than others. When the solvent has reached the top of the plate, the plate is removed from the developing chamber, dried, and the separated components of the mixture are visualized. If the compounds are coloured, visualization is straightforward. Usually the compounds are not coloured, so a UV lamp is used to visualize the plates. The plate itself contains a fluorescent dye which glows everywhere except where an organic compound is on the plate.To learn more about TLC: https://brainly.com/question/13483325
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What will be formed when Sodium reacts with water
What is the change in enthalpy at 25°c and 1 atm for the production of 3. 00 mol sn(s)? sn(s) sno2(s) → 2sno(s); δh° = 16. 2 kj
The addition of the product of volume and pressure along with internal energy is called enthalpy. The change in the enthalpy at 1 atm is 24.3 kJ. Thus, option d is correct.
What is enthalpy?Enthalpy is the measurement of the heat or the energy present in a system that has a constant pressure in the thermodynamic system.
The balanced equation is shown as,
Sn (s) + SnO₂ (s) → 2SnO (s) , ΔH° = 16.2 kJ
The enthalpy change for the reaction is for 2 moles of Tin(II) oxide. So, for 3 moles of Tin(II) oxide produced in the reaction the enthalpy change will be given as,
= (16.2 kJ × 3 mol) ÷ 2 mol
= 24.3 kJ
Therefore, option d. 24.3 kJ is the enthalpy change.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, What Is The Change In Enthalpy At 25°C And 1 Atm For The Production Of 3.00 Mol SnO(S)? Sn (s) + SnO₂ (s) → 2SnO (s) , ΔH° = 16.2 kJ.
-24.3 kJ-16.2 kJ16.2 kJ24.3 kJ5.4 kJSelect the correct answer from each drop-down menu. how does the equilibrium change to counter the removal of a in this reaction? a b ⇌ ab the equilibrium . simultaneously, there’s an increase in the reaction.
a b ⇌ ab
The equilibrium Shifts left simultaneously, there’s an increase in the Reverse reaction.
When the addition of the reactant in reaction system then the equilibrium will shift to the right (forward) direction of the reaction.
What happens if the equilibrium shifts to the right?
The overall reaction will shift in a way that reduces the system's stress. Therefore, if one of the reactants is under more stress, the equilibrium will move to the right to eliminate some of that reactant.What does it mean when equilibrium lies to the left?
Yes, "to the left" does relate to a balance expression's left side.When we say that an equilibrium is "to the left," we mean that the educt or reactant is preferred, meaning that there is more H2O present than H3O+ or OH.
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How do different glycosidic bonds contribute to the properties of different sugars?
When the hemiacetal of a saccharide (or a molecule made from a saccharide) combines with the hydroxyl group of another chemical, such as alcohol, a glycosidic bond, also known as a glycosidic linkage, is formed. Only sugars in cyclic forms, which have an anomeric carbon and can create a glycosidic bond, may do so.
The glucose units of glycogen, the main type of energy storage in animal cells, are connected by glycosidic linkages. They are the bonds that make up the strong exoskeletons of beetles, crabs, and lobsters as well as the cellulose that makes up the woody sections of plants and trees.
A sugar molecule connected to another molecule via an ether group is the outcome of a glycosidic connection. A chemical compound called an ether, which consists of an oxygen atom bound to two carbon atoms, is less reactive than other chemical compounds like alcohols. Glycosides are therefore typically more stable than free sugars.
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To use the gas law constant r = 0.0821, the unit for temperature should be kelvin and the unit for pressure should be atmospheres. true false
The given statement "To use the gas law constant R=0.0821 the unit for temperature should be kelvin and the unit for pressure should be atmospheres" is -----true.
What is the ideal gas law?
The ideal gas law tells us about behavior of ideal gas through a equation and postulates.The ideal gas law is considered as ideal gas equation.
The ideal gas equation is given as.
PV = nRT
where,
P is pressure of the gasV is volume occupied by the gasn is number of moles of ideal gasT is temperatureR is constant known as universal gas constant.The value of R depends upon units of temperature, pressure and volume.
Why is Kelvin used in gas laws?
The Kelvin scale is used in gas law problems because the pressure and volume of a gas depend on the kinetic energy or motion of the particles.
How are pressure and Kelvin temperature related?
It states that, at a constant volume, the pressure of a given amount of a particular gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature. It can be written as: P ∝ T, or. P/T = k where k is a constant,
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Place the following in order of increasing dipole moment. I. Bcl3 ii. Bif2 iii. Bclf2.
The correct order of increasing dipole moment is BCl3 < BIF2 < BClF2.
What is dipole moment?
The mathematical product of the separation of the ends of a dipole and the magnitude of the charges.More is the electronegativity of an atom more it will have pull of electrons towards itself. For example, in BCl3 electrons will be pulled towards chlorine atom as it is more electronegative than boron.Hence, the dipole moment is cancelled out. So, it will have zero dipole moment. In BIF2 and BClF2 , fluorine is more electronegative in nature and it is present in both the molecules.But chlorine is more electronegative that iodine atom. So, the dipole moment of BClF2 is more than the dipole moment of BIF2.To learn more about dipole moments: https://brainly.com/question/14355450
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In Birkeland and Eyde's process, ____ is prepared from atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen.
Synthetic fertilizer
What is Birkeland and Eyde's process?
It is a process developed by two scientists - Kristian Birkeland and Sam Eyde - to fix atmospheric nitrogen for the production of fertilizer.
The nitrogen oxide produced is then used in the production of nitric acid and eventually, the production of synthetic fertilizer.
First, nitrogen is fixed into nitrogen oxide:
[tex]N_2 + O_2 --- > 2NO[/tex]
Then, the NO is oxidized:
[tex]2NO + O_2 -- > 2NO_2[/tex]
The nitrous oxide produced is then dissolved in water to form nitric acid:
[tex]3NO_2 + H_2O --- > 2HNO_3 + NO[/tex]
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It is necessary to add zncl 2 to promote the reaction of hcl with some alcohols while these same alcohols react with hbr quite readily. explain.
It is necessary to add zncl 2 to promote the reaction of hcl with some alcohols as this reaction is reversible to make it irreversible ZnCl2 is used.
ZnCl2 is used as Lewis acid catalyst. Since Cl- is weaker nucleophile than Br. The lewis acid ZnCl2 coordinate with oxygen of alcohol and proceed the reaction in forward direction.
HCl is less reactive with alcohols whereas the bond between H and Cl is stronger than HBr and HI.
Hence its reaction with alcohols need a catalyst ZnCl2, which helps in the breaking of bond between H and Cl.
Therefore, Luca's reagent is used in the reaction of HCl and alcohol.
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If the titration of h2po4− in a urine sample was continued until all of the acid in the solution was neutralized, how many equivalents of naoh would be needed to fully neutralize the solution?
Two equivalents of NaOH are needed to fully neutralize the solution.
What is a neutralization reaction?A neutralization reaction involves the reaction of an acid and a base to form salt and water. The reaction is exothermic in nature.
For example,
[tex]HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq)\rightarrow NaCl(aq) + H_2O (l)[/tex]
During the titration of [tex]H_2PO_4^-[/tex] it gives [tex]2H^+[/tex].
[tex]H_2PO_4^- \rightarrow 2H^+ +PO_4^3^-[/tex]
To neutralize these [tex]2H^+[/tex], 2 [tex]OH^-[/tex] is needed which come from 2 equivalents of NaOH
[tex]2NaOH \rightarrow2 Na^+ +2OH^-[/tex]
Therefore, 2 equivalents of NaOH are needed
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For the sequential deprotonations of a polyprotic acid, the equilibrium constants will typically?
For the sequential deprotonations of a polyprotic acid, the equilibrium constants will typically decrease with each successive ionization.
For explaining above statement let's take an example of polyprotic acid like phosphoric acid.
In the phospheric acid [tex]H_{3} PO_{4}[/tex], after deprotonation of one hydrogen results as [tex]H_{2} PO_{4}^{-}[/tex] and equilibrium constant as [tex]K_{1}[/tex] . [tex]H_{2} PO_{4}^{-}[/tex] donate one hydrogen results as [tex]H_{} PO_{4}^{-2}[/tex] and equilibrium constant as [tex]K_{2}[/tex] . Similarly, [tex]H_{} PO_{4}^{-2}[/tex] donate one hydrogen results as [tex]PO_{4}^{-3}[/tex] and equilibrium constant as [tex]K_{3}[/tex] . The removing of hygen ion from nuetral molecule is easier than removal of hydrogen ion from ionic species So, the value of [tex]K_{1}[/tex] is greater than [tex]K_{2}[/tex] and value of [tex]K_{2}[/tex] is greater than [tex]K_{3}[/tex].
So, the equilibrium constants of polyprotic acid will typically decrease with each successive ionization.
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If 45ml of water are added to 250ml of a 0.75 m k2so4 solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be
The molarity of the diluted solution is 4.16 M
Given:
volume of water = 45ml
volume of k2so4 = 250ml
Molarity of k2so4 = 0.75 M
To Find:
molarity of the diluted solution
Solution: Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution. Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution. Molarity is also known as the molar concentration of a solution
M1V1 = M2V2
45*M1 = 250*0.75
M1 = 250*0.75/45
M1 = 4.16 M
So, Molarity of given solution is 4.16 M
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On a distance-time graph, at 2 hours the graph is at a height of 20 meters, and at 4 hours it is at a height of 80 meters. The average speed for the interval is 30 meters/hour.
true
false
Answer:
true
Explanation:
In 2 hours, it went 60 metres. 60 / 2 = 30 so true
When a substance is entering a phase change, the gain or loss of heat is a result of:______.
When a substance is entering a phase change, the gain or loss of heat is a result of energy gained or lost in forming or breaking intermolecular interaction.
The constant temperatures occur when a substance is undergoing a phase transition. If heat is removed from a substance , such as in freezing and condensation , then the process is exothermic . In this instance , heat is decreasing the speed of the molecules causing then move slower.
Example : liquid to solid and gas to liquid .
These changes release heat to the surrounding.
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Place the following in order of increasing dipole moment. I. Bcl3 ii. Bif2 iii. Bclf2.
The correct order of increasing dipole moment is as follows.
[tex]$B C l_{3} < B I F_{2} < B C l F_{2}$[/tex]
What is increasing dipole moment?When the separation of two opposite electrical charges is calculated then it is known as the dipole moment.The more the electronegativity of an atom more it will have in electrons towards itself. For example,[tex]$B C l_{3}$[/tex] electrons will be pulled towards the chlorine atom as it is more electronegative than the boron.Hence, the dipole moment is canceled out. So, it will have zero dipole moment. In[tex]$B I F_{2}$[/tex] and [tex]$B C l F_{2}$[/tex], fluorine is more electronegative and it is present in both the molecules.But chlorine is more electronegative than iodine atom. So, the dipole moment of [tex]$B C l F_{2}$[/tex] more than the dipole moment[tex]$B I F_{2}$[/tex]Thus, we can conclude that the correct order of increasing dipole moment is as follows.
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Write 3–4 sentences to describe how coupling reactions are used to drive an unfavorable chemical reaction.
The concept of coupling reactions can be more understood knowing that Gibbs free energy is a state function. State function is a property that does not depend on the path taken to arrive to that value
What is Coupling reaction ?
A reaction where the the free energy of a thermodynamically favorable transformation, such as the hydrolysis of ATP, and a thermodynamically unfavorable one, are mechanistically joined into a new reaction (or may be envisaged to be so joined) is known as a coupled reaction.
How do you make an unfavorable reaction favorable?
Chemically unfavorable means non-spontaneous which means Gibbs' free energy change (ΔG) is positive, i.e. ΔG>0.
But we know that ΔG=ΔH−TΔS. Now ΔH and ΔS (enthalpy and entropy change, respectively) are state functions. So ΔG is also a state function.
Catalysts can only change the pathway of a reaction (in most of the cases, by lowering the activation energy of the reaction (Ea)) but after using the catalysts also, the energy states of the reactants and products don't alter. So ΔH and ΔS remain the same as uncatalysed reaction. So ΔG also doesn't change at all. So if the reaction is non-spontaneous, it remains like that.
That means, the thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can't be made favorable by introducing a catalyst.
But changing the temperature to a very high value can make ΔG<0, so the reaction can be made favorable by abruptly increasing temperature.
What are favorable and unfavorable reactions?
Reactions that release energy are energetically favorable. Conversely, reactions in which the products are higher in energy than the reactants require an input of energy to proceed; such reactions are energetically unfavorable
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best answer gets marked as brainliest! list all of the properties of stainless steel spoon
Answer:
- Corrosion resistant
- High tensile strength (the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking)
- Temperature resistant
- Easy formability and fabrication
- Low maintenance (long lasting)
- Attractive appearance
- Environmentally friendly (recyclable)
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
I suppose you could include these properties:
Specific heat = .5 J/g-C
Density =~ 7500 kg/m^3
melting point approx 1500 ° C
among others .....
A grating has 470 lines/mm. how many orders of the visible wavelength 538 nm can it produce in addition to the m = 0 order?
Three complete orders on each side of the m=0 order can be produced in addition to the m = 0 order.
The ruling separation is
d=1 / (470mm −1) = 2.1×10⁻³ mm
Diffraction lines occur at angles θ such that dsinθ=mλ, where λ is the wavelength and m is an integer.
Notice that for a given order, the line associated with a long wavelength is produced at a greater angle than the line associated with a shorter wavelength.
We take λ to be the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum (538nm) and find the greatest integer value of m such that θ is less than 90°.
That is, find the greatest integer value of m for which mλ<d.
since d / λ = 538×10⁻⁹m / 2.1×10 −6 m ≈ 3
that value is m=3.
There are three complete orders on each side of the m=0 order.
The second and third orders overlap.
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The isotope ra decays to rn by emitting radiation. What type of radiation is emitted?
Heavy elements such as radium, uranium, and thorium, all have alpha decaying nuclei. An Rn (radon) nuclei are created when a Ra (radium) nucleus decays, emitting an alpha particle in the process.
Discussion about radiation:
The radioactive process known as alpha decay, sometimes known as α radiation, involves the ejection of an alpha particle from the nucleus, which includes 2 neutrons and 2 protons.
A helium atom's nucleus and an alpha particle have many similarities. Instability is seen as being present in all nuclei with an atomic number (Z) more than 82. These are frequently subject to alpha decay and are thought to be "neutron-rich." Heavy elements such as radium, uranium, thorium, etc., all have alpha decaying nuclei. An Rn (radon) nucleus is created when a Ra (radium) nucleus decays, emitting an alpha particle in the process.The mass number (A) and atomic number (Z) are typically lowered by two and four, respectively, during alpha decay. For instance, Ra-226 with atomic numbers 88 and 226 is converted into Rn-222 with the mass number 222 and atomic number 86 by alpha decay.Learn more about alpha decay here:
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In a combustion chamber, ethane (c2h6) is burned at a rate of 9 kg/h with air that enters the combustion chamber at a rate of 176 kg/h. determine the percentage of excess air used during this process
The percentage of excess air used during combustion process of ethane will be 37 %.
Burning, also known as combustion, would be a high-temperature highly exothermic chemical process that occurs when an oxidant, typically atmospheric oxygen, interacts with a fuel to generate oxidized, frequently gaseous products in a mixture known as smoke.
Calculation of percentage of air .
[tex]C_{2} H_{6} + (1-x)+a(O_{2} +3.76N_{2} )=bCO_{2} + cH_{2} O + axO_{2} + 3.76dN_{2} .[/tex]
Mair=Mair/Rin
[tex]( MN)O_{2}[/tex] + [tex](MN)N_{2}[/tex]÷ [tex](MN)O_{2}[/tex] + [tex](MN)N_{2}[/tex] +[tex](MN)C_{2} H_{6} .[/tex]
33 . 3.25(1-x) + 28 × 13.16(1-x) ÷ 33 × 3.25(1-x) + 28 × 13.16(1-x). + 30.1
= 176/176+8
X= 0.37
0.37 × 100
X= 37%
Therefore, the percentage of excess air used during combustion process of ethane will be 37 %.
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The O2 molecule breaks apart at lower wavelengths than the O3 molecule. What is the main reason for this?
The main reason for this is Average bond of O₂ is shorter and strong from O₃.
What is ozone?Ozone is a blue gas composed of three oxygen atoms bonded together.
It occurs naturally high up in the Earth's atmosphere, where it protects the surface from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays,
UV radiation will dissociate ozone into an oxygen atom and an oxygen molecule.
Ozone molecules are tetrahedral so the bond angle is 109 degree the electrons in the double bond occupy more space that the non-bonding electron pair.
Oxygen has a small size that leads to smaller O-O bond length.
A lone pair of electrons on both the oxygen repel each other leading to weakening of O-O bond.
O3 has longer and weaker bonds than O2, whereas SO2 has shorter and stronger bonds than SO.
Molecular oxygen, O2, is photolyzed by light of 241 nm and has a bond energy of 498 kJ/mol.
The main reason for this is Average bond of O₂ is shorter and strong from O₃.
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a balloon filled with .5l of air at sealevel is submerged in the water to a depth that produces a pressure of 3.25 atm. What is the volume of the balloon at this depth
The balloon is filled with 0.5L of air at sea level and submerged to a depth. Since, there is no change in the Temperature, the process is Isothermal. It is a process in which the temperature T of the given system does not change and remains constant. Hence, ΔT=0
Any system in which the temperature is kept constant is stated as an Isothermal Process. Since, in the given question, Temperature is not changing, hence we can consider it to be an Isothermal Process.
Given:
Pressure at sea level, P₁= 1 atm
Volume at sea level, V₁= 0.5L
Pressure at depth, P₂= 3.25 atm
Volume at depth, V₂= ?
Since, the process is Isothermal, hence,
∴ P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
⇒ 1 × 0.5 = 3.25 × V₂
⇒ V₂ = 0.5/3.25
⇒ V₂ = 0.154L
So, the Volume of balloon at the depth is 0.154L.
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Draw the products formed when each ester is treated with lithium hydroxide and water. ch3ch2ch(ch3)oc=och(ch3)2−→−−h2olioh
The products formed when ester is treated with lithium hydroxide and water is given below.
[tex]CH_{3} CH_{2} CH(CH_{3} )OC=OCH(CH_{3} )_{2} +LiOH +H_{2} O[/tex]→[tex]CH_{3} CH_{2} CH(CH_{3} )OH+LiOC=OCH(CH_{3} )_{2} +H_{2} O[/tex]
The products formed when ester is treated with lithium hydroxide and water is alcohol and salt of acid.
The reaction of ester with water in the presence of base is called hydrolysis of ester in the presence of base. The product of hydrolysis of of ester in the presence of base ( lithium hydroxide ) is alcohol and salt of acid.
The hydrolysis of ester is also takes place in the presence of acid and give the product of alcohol and carboxylic acid. Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic base and it is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. The Lithium hydroxide is less soluble in water as compare to sodium hydroxide due to the anomalous behavior shown by lithium from rest of the family member.
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