In diamond C atoms form 4 single bonds to neighboring atoms.
In diamond, the carbon atoms are arranged tetrahedrally. Each carbon atom is generally attached to four other carbon atoms with a C-C-C bond angle of 109.5 degrees. It is a strong and also rigid three-dimensional structure that results in an infinite network of atoms.
This in turn accounts for diamond's hardness, extraordinary strength and also durability and gives diamond a higher density than graphite Because of its tetrahedral structure, diamond also shows a great resistance to compression. Diamond will scratch all other materials and is one of the hardest material known. It is the best conductor of heat that we know, conducting up to five times the amount that copper usually does.
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What is the total molar mass of the hydrate? 111.02 g/mol 141.00 g/mol 147.02 g/mol 163.02 g/mol
Answer:
c or 147.02
Explanation:
just did it and got it correct
The total molar mass of the hydrate is 147.02 g/MOL. The correct option is c.
What are hydrates?Hydrate is any chemical having water in the form of H₂O molecules, usually but not always with specified water by weight concentration. The most well-known hydrates are crystalline solids that lose their fundamental structures when the bound water is removed.
The molar masses of all six components are roughly equal (20 g/mol), which is a little surprising. This is due to the hydrate's high water content (18.015 g/mol).
Therefore, the correct option is c, 147.02 g/mol.
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Quetion
The melting point of canola oil, corn oil, unflower oil, and peanut oil are 10°C, -11°C, -17°C, and -2°C repectively. You cool a mixture of thee oil to 5°C. Which oil can be eparated eaily?
Repone
peanut oil
unflower oil
canola oil
corn oil
Sunflower oil can be seperated easily by decentation process.
What is decentation process?
Decantation is the process of removing the liquid layer at the top from the layer of solid or liquid below to separate liquid from solid and other immiscible (non-mixing) liquids. After pouring out the top layer, the mixture can be tilted to complete the process.
As an illustration, when water and oil are combined in a beaker, a distinct layer between the two liquids eventually forms, with the oil layer floating on top of the water layer.
Therefore, Sunflower oil can be seperated easily by decentation process.
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a character appears 25% of the time in a message. how many entropy bits does that character have? (write the number only)
Shannon's Entropy is simply the "amount of information" in a variable on a conceptual level. In more practical terms, this translates to the amount of storage available (e.g. number of bits)
required to store the variable, which corresponds intuitively to the amount of information in that variable The amount of information gained by observing an event with probability 1/e is one nat. The Shannon entropy can be used to quantify the amount of uncertainty in an entire probability distribution. Shannon's entropy, also known as information entropy, quantifies the amount of uncertainty (or surprise) in the value of a random variable or the outcome of a random process. Its importance in the decision tree stems from the fact that it allows us to estimate the impurity or heterogeneity of the
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Explain exactly why the top blew off the Alka-Seltzer cannon in the last chapter, now that you have an understanding of gas behavior.
When submerged in water, fizzing pills like Alka-Seltzer and others release carbon dioxide bubbles. As the carbon dioxide is created, bubbles may be seen forming and rising to the water's surface. The bubbles may even explode to your ability to hear.
What is carbon dioxide ?One carbon atom is covalently doubly linked to two oxygen atoms in each of the molecules that make up carbon dioxide. At room temperature, it exists as a gas. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere absorbs infrared light, but is clear to visible light.
Numerous health impacts from CO2 exposure might be experienced. Headaches, vertigo, restlessness, a sensation of tingling or pins and needles, trouble breathing, and perspiration are a few examples.
Alka-Seltzer's tablets release carbon dioxide when they dissolve in water. Despite having mass, this carbon dioxide gas diffuses into the atmosphere since it is a gas and escapes from its container.
Thus,The carbon dioxide enters the water, dissolves, and then emerges as a gas.
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A 2. 26 l balloon of helium is at 30°c and 1. 61 atm, what is the pressure if the volume is increased to 4. 12 l?.
Therefore the pressure if the volume is increased to 4.12L the pressure is
P₂=0.636atm
What is helium?Helium is a chemical element with the atomic number 2 and the letter He. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas and the first member of the noble gas group in the periodic chartIt has the lowest melting and boiling points of all the elements.
What is the purpose of helium and is it a gas?Since helium is a safe, non-flammable gas, it is frequently used to inflate balloons for festivities and parades. On the other hand, helium is a crucial component in several sectors, including high-tech manufacturing, medical technology, space exploration, and national security.
The second most prevalent element in the universe, helium, is scarce on Earth. It is the lightest noble gas, colourless, odourless, inert, and has a low boiling point. It is a byproduct of nuclear fusion and radioactive decay.
Briefing:According to Boyle's Law:
P₁ V₁=P₂ V₂
P₁=1.61atm
V₁=2.26L
V₂=4.12L
P₂=(P₁ V₁)/V₂
P₂=((1.61atm)(2.26L))/4.12L
P₂=0.636atm
Boyle's Law states that the volume of a given quantity of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to its pressure, so this makes sense. The pressure must decrease proportionally as the volume rises.
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inyluridine as a versatile chemoselective handle for the posttranscriptional chemical functionalization of rna. bioconjugate chem.:doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00169.
These RNAs are now created from scratch via synthetic chemistry or biochemical methods, beginning with a 5'-nucleotide that has been chemically functionalized.
Why is RNA vital and what does it do?All biological cells contain ribonucleic acid (RNA), a crucial biological macromolecule. It plays a major role in the production of proteins by acting as a messenger for DNA, which in turn carries the genetic instructions necessary for the growth and maintenance of life.
How much time does RNA spend in the body?Your muscle cells are given mRNA (messenger RNA) by the Pfizer and Self - signed vaccines. The spike protein is replicated by the cells, and the mRNA is immediately broken down (within a few days). The mRNA is fragmented into little, non-toxic bits by the cell.
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What is the main function of commission?.
The major duty of India's Election Commission is to supervise impartial elections across the whole country. The Indian Election Commission is the Direct Superintendent.
The elections for the President and Vice President of India, as well as the legislatures and parliaments of each State, are under its supervision. Vote counting is the Election Commission's most important job during an election. Each of the State Election Commissioners is independent of the Indian Election Commission and is in charge of a certain task. To oversee the holding of elections for Panchayati Raj institutions, a State Election Commissioner must be chosen by the State government.
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for each atom, determine how many dots (valence electrons) should be drawn around the element symbol in the lewis structure for a lone, neutral atom. the lewis structure of an oxygen atom should have choose... dots drawn around the symbol o.
The lewis structure of an oxygen atom should have eight electrons around it.
Lewis dot structures also called electron dot structures are diagrams that generally describe the chemical bonding between atoms in a molecule. They also display the total number of lone pairs present in each of the atoms that constitute the molecule.
Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
These structures basically tells us information about the valence electrons that are present in a particular atom and it also tells us about what kinds of atoms are generally formed between the atoms. This structure also makes sures thar each atom is having 8 electrons except in case of Hydrogen atom. In case of oxygen is also the same.
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an air water vapor mixture at 101.3 kpa has a dry bulb tempearture of 35 and a raltive humidyty of 80%. the mixture is cooled to a dry bulb temperatuire of 20 any condensate formed has a temperature of 22. fin d the heat transfer required
The heat transfer will be 1.53 q during the humidity.
The temperature mostly on the wet-bulb measurement is subtracted from either the temperature mostly on the dry-bulb thermometer, as well as the relative humidity is calculated using a relative humidity chart.
The given data:
raltive humidity = 80%
temperature = 22
It can be determined by the fotmula:
Omega = Pv/Pd-Pv
Pv = pressure of wet bulb
Pd = pressure of dry bulb
Hence, W = 101.3/66=1.53
Therefore, 1.53 q heat will be transferred.
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What are the products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon CO and H2O CO and h2 CO2 and h2 CO2 and H2O?.
Combustion produces co2 (CO2) and water when carbon and hydrogen are combined with oxygen (O2) (H2O)..
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
What are some examples of hydrocarbons?A mixture of hydrocarbon is called a hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbons methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and ethyne are examples of (C2H2). These compounds are all hydrocarbons since their corresponding molecular formulas show that they are all solely composed of the elements hydrogen and carbon.
The biggest hydrocarbon is?The biggest and most intricate carbon molecules are found in coal. Various hydrocarbons produce different amounts of water and carbon dioxide because their hydrogen to carbon ratios vary. The ratio of charcoal to hydrogen is typically higher in longer, more complicated molecules.
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The complete question is-
What are the products obtained on complete combustion of hydrocarbons?
(a) CO + H₂0
(b) CO + H₂
(c) CO₂ + H₂0
(d) CO₂ + H
what is the frequency of x-ray radiation if the wavelength is 315.18 pm? this length is about the size of an atom.
0.09518 * [tex]10^{16}[/tex]
We know that velocity of x ray is the velocity of light i.e. c
so,
λ = C / f
f = C / λ
f = [tex]3 * 10^{8}[/tex] / 0.31518
f = 0.09518[tex]* 10^{16}[/tex] hz
X-ray, electromagnetic radiation of extremely short wavelength and high frequency, with wavelengths ranging from about 10−8 to 10−12 meter and corresponding frequencies from about 1016 to 1020 hertz (Hz).
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If a molecule has a square planar molecular geometry, what must be its hybridization?.
The central atom's hybridization must be dsp2 for a square planar form.
What is hybridization?Hybridization is defined as creating new orbitals by combining two or more atomic orbitals, which describes the covalent bonds in molecules. The valence bond hypothesis is expanded in the process of hybridization.
As a result, the two unpaired electrons in orbital 4d are coupled, leaving one empty orbital. In order to produce the dsp2 kind of hybridization and square planar geometry, one orbital each of the 4d, 5s, and 5p participates in the hybridization process.
Thus, the central atom's hybridization must be dsp2 for a square planar form.
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according to the video raw to ready: bombardier, what was added to sand by the phoenician sailors to accidently produce glass
Sand was accidentally turned into glass by the Phoenician seafarers by the use of natron.
What is the glass's chemistry?SiO2 is the primary component of flat glass (silica sand). This has a high melting point of around 1700 degrees Celsius, and in this form it resembles syrup on a very cold day.
What makes glass useful in chemistry?Glass composed of borosilicate is a leader in general analytical applications due to its straightforward composition, excellent chemical resistance, and strong thermal shock capabilities. The advantages of borosilicate glass are all present in 96% silica glass, which also has outstanding thermal shock resistance and high service temperature characteristics.
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find the volume of 0.240 m sulfuric acid necessary to react completely with 66.9 g sodium hydroxide.
The volume of 0.240 m sulfuric acid necessary to react completely with 66.9 g sodium hydroxide is 6.96 L
Concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by way of the overall volume of an aggregate. several sorts of mathematical descriptions may be outstanding: mass concentration, molar concentration, variety concentration, and extent awareness.
Calculation:-
Concentration = 0.24 M
mass = 66.9 g
The molar mass of Sodium Hydroxide is = NaOH
= 40g
mole = mass/molar mass
= 66.9/40
= 1.67 mole
C = moles/volume
Volume = moles/ concentration
= 1.67/0.24
= 6.96 L
The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute found in a given amount of solution. Concentrations are normally expressed in terms of molarity, defined because of the variety of moles of solute in 1 L of answer.
The Concentration of an answer is a measure of the quantity of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A concentrated answer is one that has a rather huge quantity of dissolved solute.
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consider the mechanism for the formation of t-pentyl chloride, the rate of this reaction will double if the concentration of which of the following reagents is doubled (select all that apply)
The following reagents is doubled are Water and NaHCO[tex]_{3}[/tex].
Why does the reaction rate double?When there is a 1 in the reaction order relative to each reactant. Accordingly, doubling the concentration of reactant A will result in a doubling of the reaction's rate, and quadrupling the concentration of reactant in a different experiment will result in a quadruple of the reaction's rate.The likelihood of a collision doubles when either reactant's concentration is doubled. The amount of collisions per unit time determines the pace of reaction. The number of collisions will likewise double if one concentration is doubled.When the concentration of a first-order reactant doubles, the rate of the reaction also doubles; similarly, when the concentration triples, the rate triples, etc.Learn more about double reaction rate refer to :
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Write the formula for the conjugate acid of each substance below. Please include states of matter. 1st attempt Part 1 (0.3 point) X Feedback F'(aq) x x Не (aq), o * HF Part 2 (0.3 point) X Feedback Cl(aq) x x Не (aq) .o. НСІ Part 3 (0.3 point) X Feedback NH3(aq) x | x. He → (aq).o. NH
NH4+ is the conjugate acid of NH3., The formula for the conjugate acid of F− is HF , Cl − Chloride ion for the conjugate acid of HCl.
Why is it called a conjugate acid?A conjugate acid-base pair, according to the Brnsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases, consists of two compounds that vary solely by the presence of a proton (H+). When a proton is given to a base, a conjugate acid is generated, and when a proton is withdrawn from an acid, a conjugate base is formed.A conjugate base, in a broader sense, is the base member, X-, of a pair of compounds that convert into each other by acquiring or losing a proton. In a chemical process, the conjugate base might acquire or absorb a proton. In the reaction, the conjugate acid donates a proton or hydrogen.NH4+ is the conjugate acid of NH3.
The formula for the conjugate acid of F− is HF
Cl − Chloride ion for the conjugate acid of HCl Hydrogen chloride
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Answer:
A conjugate acid is the product that is different from a base by one proton.
Explanation:
What is a conjugate acid Example?
A conjugate acid is the product that is different from a base by one proton. Examples of conjugate acids include water (base) reacting with an acid to form the hydronium ion (conjugate acid), and ammonia (base) reacting with an acid to form the ammonium ion (conjugate acid).
The conjugate of HF:
So as we know, a conjugate base is simply an acid that has given up a proton. In the case of HF (hydrofluoric acid), once it donates the H+ ion/proton, it becomes F- (fluoride ion). The remaining F- is the conjugate base of HF and conversely, HF is the conjugate acid of F-.
The conjugate of HCL:
If a species is classified as a strong acid, its conjugate base will be weak.[3] An example of this case would be the dissociation of hydrochloric acid HCl in water. Since HCl is a strong acid (it dissociates to a great extent), its conjugate base (Cl−) will be a weak conjugate base. Therefore, in this system, most H+ will be in the form of a hydronium ion H3O+
instead of attached to a Cl− anion and the conjugate base will be weaker than a water molecule.
Conjugate base of HCl in the following reaction is: HCl(aq)+H2O→Cl−(aq)+H3O+.
The conjugate of NH:
Normally the conjugate acid of a weak base is a strong acid, however, the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid, NH4+.A conjugate acid-base pair is an acid-base pair that differs only by one proton.Conjugate acid When a proton is added to a base, a conjugate acid is formed.Conjugate acids have one extra proton compared to the species that is forming it.Conjugate acid of NH3.The given species is ammoniaNH3.The conjugate acid of NH3 is NH4+.
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if 25 cm3 of potassium hydroxide is neutralised by 20 cm 3 of 2.5 mol dm- sulfuric acid. what is the molarity of the alkali?
The molarity of the alkali potassium hydroxide is 4.167 M.
Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a sure quantity of answers. Molarity is described because the moles of a solute according to liters of an answer. Molarity is also called the molar attention of an answer.
Calculation:-
V = 24 cm³ = 0.024 L
V = 20 cm³ = 0.020 L
molarity of sulphuric acid = 2.5
Mv = MV
M 0.024 = 0.02 × 2.5 × 2
M = 0.1 /0.024
= 4.167 M
Molar concentration is a measure of the attention of a chemical species, specifically of a solute in an answer, in terms of the amount of substance in step with the unit extent of the answer. In chemistry, the most generally used unit for molarity is the number of moles in keeping with liter, having the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm³ in SI unit.
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a sample of a gas has a volume of 20. l when the pressure is 2.0 atm. should the volume increase or decrease if the pressure is increased?
A sample of a gas has a volume of 20. when the pressure is 2.0 atm: The volume of the gas will be 5 L, an increase in volume.
Extent is a measure of occupied three-dimensional space. it is regularly quantified numerically by the usage of SI-derived gadgets or by using diverse imperial or US commonplace devices. The definition of length is interrelated with quantity.
Volume is defined as the distance occupied within the boundaries of an item in a 3-dimensional area. it's also referred to as the capacity of the object. volume is the degree of the 3-dimensional space occupied with the aid of a count number or enclosed by means of a surface, measured in cubic units. The SI unit of quantity is the cubic meter (m3), which is a derived unit.
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What are the 5 signs of dehydration?.
5 Signs of dehydration are chills, dry mouth, muscle cramps, dark urine, and lightheadedness.
When the body loses more fluid than it takes in, it becomes dehydrated and is unable to function normally. This can result in a number of problems if it isn't treated, like losing strength and stamina, brain damage, or even death.
In addition to thirst, these are the top five symptoms of dehydration:
Dry or sticky mouthLightheadednessMuscle crampschills and other flu-like symptoms like fatigue, headache, or nausea.Urine that is dark and has a strong odor or less urination.Know more about dehydration here: https://brainly.com/question/12261974
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How does an electron configuration become stable?.
The ions can gain or lose electrons to reach a stable electron configuration. They turn into ions in this manner.
Who or what is an electron?A negative charge atom known as an electron can either be free or attached to an atom (not bound). Another of the three main types of components within an atom is an electron that is bonded to it; other couple are protons and neutron.
What are the uses of electrons?For the purpose of creating cross-platform desktop apps using HTML, CSS, and Java, GitHub has created the open source library known as Electron. In order to do this, Electron combines Node and Firefox. Apps can be produced for Macintosh, Windows, or Linux and combined with JavaScript into one runtime.
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TRUE/FALSE. houston falls within the north american emission control area, which restricts fuels to 0.1 percent sulfur content for vessels within 200 miles of the houston area and elsewhere.
Houston is located on the inside of the North American Emissions Trading Scheme, as stated in the statement.
What do emissions mean to young people?The word "emission" has its roots in Latin. Its original meaning is "something sent out." Things that can be sent include: The most typical use discusses the release of harmful gases. These gases are created by manufacturers and motors, such as those found in automobiles.
What causes emissions?Burning fuel to generate electricity or heat, chemical reactions, and leaks from machinery or other industrial operations all result in direct emissions. Fossil fuel usage is the main source of direct emissions.
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click and drag on elements in order correctly order the steps necessary to balance a chemical equation.
To ensure that the chemical equation is balanced, count the amount of moles of each atom on either side, decide that the elements are not balanced, and then use coefficients to balance one element at a time.
How can chemical equations maintain balance?Equal numbers and types of atoms are present on both sides of balanced chemical equations .A balanced equation must contain coefficients that are the simplest whole number ratio. Mass is always retained in chemical reactions.
What is a simple chemical equation?A chemical equation is a symbol- and formula-based symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, with the reactant entities supplied on the left side and the product entities given on the right.
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Write a balanced equation that corresponds to the following word equation for a reaction in aqueous solution. Include states of matter in your answer. copper
+
silver nitrate
→
copper(II) nitrate
+
silver Consider the following molecular-level diagrams of chemical reactions. Identify each as decomposition, combination, single-displacement, or double-displacement.
The reaction between copper and silver nitrate produces copper nitrate and silver and this is a single displacement reaction.
In a balanced chemical equation the number of atoms in each side and type of each atom on both sides of the equation are same. The coefficients in a balanced equation must be in the simplest whole number ratio. Mass is always conserved in all chemical reactions.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is given as:
2 AgNO₃ + Cu → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2 Ag
Here copper(II) displaces silver from silver nitrate solution to produce copper(II) nitrate and silver. This is a single displacement reaction,The color of the copper nitrate solution is blue.
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in the krebs citric acid cycle, how much of the original carbonyl carbon from acetyl-coa will remain in oxaloacetate after two full cycles?
None, it will all be lost as Carbon dioxide.
Krebs or citric acid cycle is also known as The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
The main source of energy for cells and an important part of aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration is the respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen.
This cycle harnesses the available chemical energy of the acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) into the reducing power of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
TCA cycle metabolizes acetate that is derived from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which is the body's energy currency.
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Zinc (Zn) has 30 protons in a neutral atom. Which of the following is true
about Zinc?
O
It's atomic number is 12
It has 12 neutrons
It has 65 electrons
It has 30 electrons
The true statement is that; The number of the electrons must also be 30. Option D
What is a neutral atom?We say that an atom is neutral when the number of the protons is equal to the number of the electrons . This implies that the number of the positive and the negative charges in the atom are the same.
The proton is positively charged while the electrons are negatively charged. As such we can only have an atom that is neutral when the number of electrons and the number of the protons become the same.
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Would you expect the product of this experiment to be optically active? If not, could it be resolved into optically active components? Briefly explain.
Bromination of trans-cinnamic acid
The product can be made optically active by its enantiomers.
Let us understand the reaction.
If the totaling of bromine to cis-cinnamic acid uses the same mechanism or device as the addition to trans-cinnamic acid, addition of bromine only transpires on the top (syn) and not the bottommost face (anti).
So, bromine added to cis-cinnamic only adds to the same face (syn addition) as a result producing only three dibromides. These three dibromides can be kept on different positions which forms enantiomers.
We trans-cinnamic acid with bromine to form 2,3-dibromo-3- phenylpropanoic acid.
Bromination of trans-cinnamic acid can result in the formation of two different pairs of enantiomers.
Since the enantiomers are present it means we can write the product in different ways.
Therefore, the enantiomers of the product, makes the product optically active.
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the energy in a system becomes less usable when entropy increases. decreases. fluctuates. remains the same.
Which of the following options correctly identify the mechanism for nucleophilic addition to aldehydes and ketones under different reaction conditions? Select all that apply.
Weak nucleophiles require protonation before nucleophilic attack can occur.
The reaction of all types of nucleophiles result in addition of the nucleophile and H across the C=O double bond.
The mechanism for nucleophilic addition to aldehydes and ketones under different reaction conditions is that Before a weak nucleophilic assault may happen, the target must undergo protonation.
A nucleophile establishes a sigma bond with an electron-deficient molecule in a chemical addition process known as a nucleophilic addition reaction. The ability to transform carbonyl groups into a variety of functional groups makes these reactions crucial in organic chemistry.
An intermediate alkoxide is created by the breakdown of the p link to the O. The intermediate alkoxide is protonated to produce an alcohol derivative.
Therefore, the order changes to II > V > I > IV > III because nucleophilic addition is directly proportional to the electron deficiency on the carbonyl carbon.
The addition of the nucleophile and H across the C=O double bond is the outcome of all forms of nucleophile reactions.
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the imaginary element m forms a stable ionic compound mcl2. if m were allowed to react with bromine, the resulting compound would have the formula
The imaginary element M forms a stable ionic compound MCl₂. if m were allowed to react with bromine, the resulting compound would have the formula MBr₂.
The ionic compound formed between a positive charged element and the negative charged element. M combine with Cl form MCl₂ because M has the ability to donate the electron and form positively charged and the Cl has tendency to gain an electron to form negatively charged . chlorine and bromine are in same group and the same valence electron so the equation is given as :
M + Br₂ ---> MBr₂
Thus, The imaginary element M forms a stable ionic compound MCl₂. if m were allowed to react with bromine, the resulting compound would have the formula MBr₂.
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What food should be stored at the bottom of the fridge?.
Raw meat and fish food should be stored at the bottom of the fridge.
In order to prevent contamination and any liquid from raw meat and fish spilling onto lower shelves, these foods should always be kept at the bottom of the refrigerator without any other items. To avoid cross-contamination, store raw meat and fish in the refrigerator in their original packaging or tightly packed in a bag or container. The bottom shelf of a refrigerator is the best place to keep raw meat, which should be cooked as quickly as possible and never kept there for longer than three days. To prevent contamination of other items in the refrigerator and to guarantee that all the food is safe to eat, it should ideally be kept in a sealed container or plastic bag.
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