Transcription, the act of creating a complementary RNA (cRNA) copy of a DNA sequence, is the first step in the production of proteins.
The messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is produced when the enzyme RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter region of a gene during transcription. Afterward, the mRNA molecule is moved from the nucleus and into the cell's cytoplasm, where it may be translated into a useful protein.
Decoding the mRNA into a string of amino acids that makes up a protein is known as translation. The transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are used by the ribosome to carry the relevant amino acids to the ribosome during translation after reading the mRNA codons.
The ribosome then connects the amino acids in the proper order to make a protein. Then, this protein may carry out its biological tasks. Thus, transcription precedes translation in the production of proteins.
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what would be the metabolci effect si lactate dehydrogenase was inhibited under anaerobic conditions
The correct option is E; Glycolysis would eventually stop due to a lack of NAD+.
Lactate dehydrogenase inhibition A causes oxidative stress and slows tumor development. Have a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, low-fat protein sources, and fiber. Consume plenty of water.
Consume enough calories (about 300 more calories than normal per day). Walking keeps you active. LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) is a key enzyme in the anaerobic metabolic process.
It belongs to the oxidoreductase class and has the enzyme commission number EC 1.1. 1.27. The enzyme's role is to catalyze the reversible conversion of lactate to pyruvate by reducing NAD+ to NADH and vice versa. Lactate dehydrogenase (also known as lactic acid dehydrogenase, or LDH) is an enzyme present in nearly all tissues of the body. It is essential for cellular respiration, which is the mechanism by which cells breathe.
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Full Question;
what would be the metabolci effect si lactate dehydrogenase was inhibited under anaerobic conditions?
Glycolysis would continue via the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain.
O Glycolysis would continue using FAD as the electron carrier.
Glycolysis would stop due to a lack of ATP.
Glycolysis would continue, but without ATP production.
O Glycolysis would eventually stop due to a lack of NAD+.
When does a recessive sex-linked trait show up for a female?
A recessive sex-linked trait shows up in a female when an abnormal gene on the X chromosome from each parent would be required since a female has two X chromosomes.
Sex-linked diseases are passed down in families from either X or Y chromosomes. X and Y are sex chromosomes.
In each pregnancy, if the mother is a carrier and the father has the disease, the expected outcomes are a 25% chance of a healthy boy, a 25% chance of a carrier girl, a 25% chance of a girl with the disease and 25% chance of a boy with the disease.
If both the mother and the father have the disease, the expected outcomes are a 100% chance of the child having the disease, whether boy or girl.
In males (who have only one X chromosome), a mutation in the copy of the gene on the single X chromosome leads to the condition. Females (who possess two X chromosomes) should have a mutation on both X chromosomes to be affected by the condition.
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The "central dogma" is an important concept in molecular biology. Based on this, and using the image, answer the following 2 questions:
Fill in the blanks, using the image, to state the 3 molecules, in the correct order, showing the central dogma's flow of information.
Knowing the correct order of information, provide the specific name for what is occurring in Process #1 and in Process #2.
Please be very specific in your answer as i cannot assume which blank and process you are referring to. Be sure to provide this information and to have your blanks noted in the correct order
5Points
The central dogma helps to explain the relationship between genes.
What is the central dogma in molecular biology?The central dogma of molecular biology is a principle that describes the flow of information within a cell. It states that the information stored in DNA is transferred to RNA through the process of transcription, and that this RNA message is then translated into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein through the process of translation.
The central dogma is considered to be a unidirectional process, meaning that the flow of information goes from DNA to RNA to protein, but not the other way around. The central dogma helps to explain the relationship between genes, their expression, and the functions of proteins in the cell, and serves as a foundation for the study of molecular biology and genetics.
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why are comets composed of ice and dust? no goovxgle answers. if ur answer is correct and makes sense ill give u brainiest, give 5 stars and cavxsh avxpp u 3
Comets are composed of ice and dust because they are remnants from early solar system composed of materials that have remained unchanged since the formation of solar system about 4.6 billion years ago.
Why are comets composed of ice and dust?The ice in comets is believed to be made up of water, with smaller amounts of other volatile compounds like carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia. The dust in comets is composed of materials including silicates and metals that formed into solid particles.
Early solar system was a cold place, and materials in the outer regions of solar system, where comets are thought to have originated were never heated enough to vaporize and this allowed water and other volatile compounds to freeze into ice and the solid particles combined to form the dust.
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the following pedigree illustrates the inheritance of ringed hair, a condition in which each hair is differentiated into light and dark zones. what mode or modes of inheritance are possible for the ringed-hair trait in this family?
Answer:
Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous
Explanation:
What is the liquid part of the blood that consists of water salts and dissolved proteins known as?
Plasma is the term for the liquid component of blood that contains dissolved proteins and water salts.
What does plasma do for your body?Plasma, the liquid component of your blood, accounts for 55% of its overall volume. In order to help your body recover from wounds, transport nutrients, remove waste, or prevent infection, plasma must flow throughout the circulatory system.
How do you get plasma from blood?Put entire plasma in some kind of a microcentrifuge tube and collect it. After gathering the whole blood, leave it unbroken at room temperature to allow your blood to coagulate. Normally, this takes 15 to 30 minutes. By centrifuging at 1,000–2,000 x g for ten min in a refrigerator, the clot can be removed.
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How do chromosomes move during meiosis?
The chromosomes start to move toward the cell's equator in the example described.
What is chromosome and its function?Chromosomes exhibit the highest degree of protein or DNA organization. Its basic function of chromosomes is to transport DNA as well as transmit genetic material through one population to the next. Chromosomes play a crucial role in cell division. They protect the DNA against tangles and harm.
Can a female have XY chromosome?"XY chromosome girls were genetically masculine, but the male qualities never appear due to a number of factors, which including flaws in the genes that regulate fertility. They experience life first as girls, then as women, while some of them can even give birth.
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the ____________ is a long tube in the gi tract that connects the throat with the stomach.
Esophagus. Your oesophagus, a muscular, hollow tube that travels from your throat to your stomach, carries food and liquids. Food is brought down to your stomach by the muscles in your oesophagus.
Your oesophagus main job is to transport food and drink from your mouth to your stomach. Food and fluids initially go from your mouth to your throat when you swallow (pharynx). To stop food and drink from entering the "wrong pipe," your windpipe, a little muscle flap called the epiglottis closes (trachea). The uvula, another little flap, serves as a barrier to keep liquid from entering your nasal cavity from the top. The upper esophageal sphincter is a ring-shaped muscle located at the opening of your upper oesophagus.
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what do you call to the ability to move a body part through full range of motion at a joint? A. flexibilityB. body compositionC. muscular strengthD. muscular endurance
The ability to move a body part through the full range of motion at a joint is referred to as A.flexibility.
Flexibility is a crucial aspect of overall physical fitness and is defined as the ability of a joint or series of joints to move freely, easily, and without pain or restriction. It is affected by a number of factors, including muscle length, joint structure, and the elasticity of connective tissues such as ligaments and tendons.
Maintaining or improving flexibility can have a number of benefits, including reducing the risk of injury during physical activity, improving balance and coordination, and enhancing overall physical performance. Activities that can help improve flexibility include stretching, yoga, Pilates, and other forms of low-impact exercise that focus on range of motion and joint mobility. Regular physical activity and a healthy diet can also help improve overall flexibility and contribute to better physical health and well-being.
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the study of the nature of knowledge is: group of answer choices ontology axiology metatheory epistemology
Epistemology. The philosophical examination of the nature, history, and boundaries of human knowledge is known as epistemology.
The phrase is derived from the Greek words epistem ("knowledge") and logos ("reason"), which is why the subject is also sometimes called "the theory of knowledge." In Western philosophy, epistemology has a rich history dating back to the ancient Greeks and trying to continue up to the present.
Most people want to understand the world in which they live, and many of them develop theories of various types to do so. The majority of people are likely to give up on their attempts at some point and be satisfied with whatever level of knowledge they have been able to achieve because plenty of aspects of the world defy simple explanation.
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microorganisms require phosphorus, sulfur, iron, and magnesium for metabolism. what specifically are these elements used for in microbial metabolism or cellular structures?
These components are utilised in cellular or microbiological metabolism as ultimate e- acceptors.
How does metabolism affect gaining or losing weight?Weight gain and decrease are strongly influenced by metabolism. Weight loss happens when the body expends more energy than it consumes through meals. This is due to the fact that the body must utilise fat-stored energy in order to up again for calorie deficit.
Which elements have the potential to affect metabolism?Numerous variables, such as heredity, ageing, body mass, and hormonal balance, have an impact on metabolism. Resting metabolic rate (BMR), or the quantity of calories burned while at rest, is influenced by genes.
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the biggest part of the brain, called the ________, contains the cerebral cortex, which is ________ in humans that other animals.
The biggest part of the brain, called the cerebrum, contains the cerebral cortex, which is more highly developed in humans than in other animals.
Explanation: The cerebrum is the largest and most highly developed part of the brain in mammals, including humans. It is divided into two hemispheres, each of which is responsible for controlling movement and sensation on the opposite side of the body. The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the cerebrum, and is responsible for a wide range of functions, including perception, cognition, and voluntary movement. The cerebral cortex is more highly developed in humans than in other animals, and is responsible for many of the uniquely human capabilities, such as language, abstract thinking, and problem solving. This is due in part to the expansion of the cerebral cortex in humans, which has occurred over the course of human evolution, and has enabled us to develop more advanced cognitive abilities than other animals.
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In the absence of oxygen, cells capable of fermentation a. accumulate glucose. b. no longer produce ATP. c. accumulate pyruvate. d. oxidize FAD.
The inferior alveolar regional block is the one that affects the mandibular canine, incisors, first three premolars, and soft tissue.
To numb particular mouth regions during dental treatments, local anaesthesia techniques like the maxillary regional block, mental regional block, infraorbital regional block, and inferior alveolar regional block are all employed in dentistry. The mandibular teeth, including the canine, incisors, and premolars, as well as the nearby soft tissue, are supplied by the inferior alveolar nerve. This nerve can be anesthetized by an inferior alveolar regional block, which will prevent the teeth and soft tissue it supplies from feeling pain. The maxillary teeth and soft tissue would be impacted by a maxillary regional block, but not the mandibular teeth. The mandibular incisors, chin, and lower lip soft tissues, but not the canine or premolars, would be impacted by mental regional block.
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which 3 kingdoms are in the bacteria domain
The country of Zombie Land's consumer spending was $200 for
2020. Its investment spending was $6000 and its government
spending was $1000. Its exports were $200, while its imports were
$750. What was Zombie Land's Nominal GDP for 2020?
O $7,200
O $6,650
O $8,150
O $7,750
According to the question zombie Land's Nominal GDP for 2020 is $7,750.
What is GDP?Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the total value of goods and services produced in a country over a specific period of time. It is the most widely used indicator of a country’s economic health and performance. GDP is often used as a benchmark to compare economic performance between countries. It is also used to compare economic performance over time. In general, a higher GDP indicates a stronger economy. GDP is calculated by adding up the value of all goods and services produced in a year across all sectors of the economy. This includes goods and services produced by businesses, government, and households. Additionally, it includes investments from abroad that are used to produce goods and services.
Zombie Land's Nominal GDP for 2020 can be calculated by adding the four components of aggregate demand (consumer spending, investment spending, government spending, and net exports) together. This gives us ($200 + $6,000 + $1,000 + ($200 - $750)) = $7,750.
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Zombie Land had a population of 70 million people in 2020. 50
million people are employed while 5 million are not. What is
Zombie Land's unemployment rate?
O9%
O 10%
O 7%
O 25%
One respondent remarked, "The theory is that you get married at BYU, and then the couple breeds like rabbits. In essence, it turns into a "zoo." Hence, the zoobies. They are typically hostile. Thus, option C is correct.
What is the population of Zombie Land?A zombie is, in the broadest definition, a person who has completely lost all sense of self-awareness and identity and cares only about annihilating (and frequently eating) all around humans, regardless of the circumstance or personal cost.
The condition known as "Zombieism" is almost always contagious and spreads quickly, making up for this lack of intelligence by overwhelming the surrounding culture with sheer numbers. Technically speaking, true zombies are always dead and reanimated.
Therefore, 7% is Zombie Land's unemployment rate.
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which of the following statements is true of genetic mutations? a. errors in dna replication are most often fatal. b. errors in dna duplication are normally irreparable. c. mutations may result from environmental agents. d. mutations that occur in somatic cells are inheritable.
Of the options provided, the true statement regarding genetic mutations is that mutations may result from environmental agents. So option c is correct.
Environmental factors can induce mutations in the DNA of an organism, leading to changes in the genetic code that can have both positive and negative effects. These environmental agents can include exposure to radiation, chemicals, and certain viruses. In addition to environmental factors, mutations can also occur spontaneously during DNA replication or as a result of errors in cellular processes such as DNA repair.
While errors in DNA replication or duplication can lead to mutations, they are not necessarily fatal or irreparable. In fact, cells have a range of mechanisms to repair damaged or mutated DNA, including mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair. However, in cases where the damage or mutation is extensive or affects critical genes, it can lead to serious consequences, including cell death or the development of cancer.
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n a population with two alleles b and b, the allele frequency of b is 0.7. if this population is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium. what is the frequency of heterozygotes, homozygous dominant, and homozygous recessives? g
The frequency of heterozygotes is 0.42, the frequency of homozygous dominant is 0.49, and the frequency of homozygous recessive is 0.09 in this population.
Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation: p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1, where p is the frequency of the dominant allele (b) and q is the frequency of the recessive allele (b).
Given that the frequency of the b allele is 0.7, then the frequency of the B allele (p) would be:
p = 0.7
q = 0.3
So, using the Hardy-Weinberg equation:
Frequency of heterozygotes (Bb):
2pq = 2(0.7)(0.3) = 0.42
Frequency of homozygous dominant (BB):
p^2 = (0.7)^2 = 0.49
Frequency of homozygous recessive (bb):
q^2 = (0.3)^2 = 0.09
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What structure is an adaptation for fish that enable the fish to breath by extracting dissolved oxygen from the water?gillsfinsscalesmucus layer
The structure that is an adaptation for fish that enables them to breathe by extracting dissolved oxygen from the water is gills.
Gills are specialized organs that fish use to extract oxygen from the water and release carbon dioxide. The gills are made up of a large number of thin filaments that are highly vascularized, meaning they have a lot of blood vessels. As water flows over the gill filaments, oxygen diffuses from the water into the blood vessels, while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood vessels and into the water. This process is highly efficient and allows fish to extract enough oxygen from the water to meet their metabolic needs.
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which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories? A. Extracellular bone matrix B. a group of cells C. epithelial
A. Extracellular bone matrix is not one of the four main tissue categories.
Main types of tissues presents are connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Connective tissue helps in supporting other tissues by binding with each other together. While Epithelial tissue helps in providing a covering to skin, and the linings of the various passages inside the body.
Hence , connective tissue hidden inside an epithelium. That also contains a variety of cells with an extracellular matrix components. Also the predominant cell type is the fibroblast, that is abundant in extracellular matrix.
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describe the structural feactures of the foot that are clearly related to its weaight bearing and locomotry function
The arches are the structural feactures of the foot that are clearly related to its weaight bearing and locomotry function.
The arches of the foot have an important role in weight bearing. During standing, the weight of the body is distributed throughout the bones in the foot by the arches. The weight is transmitted from the tibia to the talus, before being transmitted posteriorly to the calcaneus.
The foot is clearly a complex structure with flexible and non-flexible parts whose functions are interdependent. In order to provide support for standing and a lever for propulsion the foot needs to be firm and stable.
Flexible bands of tissue stretched between the bones hold all this complicated body machinery together. These bands are called ligaments.
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QuestionWhat role does O2 play in aerobic respiration?Ait combines with acetyl-CoA at the start of the Krebs cycleBit is given off as a by-product during the oxidation of pyruvateCit combines with H2O to help drive the formation of ATPDit is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain
The energy is released by the electrochemical gradient as the electrons are transferred from one molecule to another in etc.
During cellular respiration, a procedure known as oxidative phosphorylation occurs. The electron transport chain and chemiosmosis are two of its two component pathways. The electrochemical gradient's stored energy is utilized in chemiosmosis to create ATP-based energy molecules (Adenosine triphosphate). At the conclusion of etc., there is oxygen. In addition to picking up the protons to create water, it serves the purpose of accepting electrons. Cells use cellular respiration to break down food molecules in order to produce ATP, which serves as an energy source (ATP). Oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain. Glucose oxidation processes convert NAD+ to NADH and FAD+ to FADH, these molecules absorb electrons created when glucose is oxidized.
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what enzyme that breaks down starches into simple carbohydrates?
Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down starches into simple carbohydrates.
MetabolismMaltose, which is produced by the breakdown of starch into smaller molecules by amylases, is then split into two glucose molecules by the enzyme maltase.Any enzyme from the class of amylases that catalyzes the hydrolysis (splitting) of starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules like maltose (a molecule composed of two glucose molecules).The amylase enzyme, which is present in visit your saliva and small intestine, converts the starches in starchy meals that you eat into sugars like glucose, maltotriose, and maltose. Other enzymes, including maltase, lactase, sucrase, and isomaltase, further break down these compound sugars into simple sugars.For more information on amylase kindly visit to
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The genetic scheme for classifying rocks is based on:________
Two factors, TEXTURE and COMPOSITION, are used to classify rocks.
The sizes and shapes of the mineral grains and other components that make up a rock, as well as how these sizes and shapes relate to one another, determine the texture. As a result, volcanic textures, sedimentary textures, and metamorphic textures are all different. The types of minerals and their proportions, or MINERALOGY, are accepted as the natural expression of composition for the purposes of this exercise and regular classification. Fortunately for you, each of the three types of rocks has a different mineralogy in addition to having a different texture.
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What is the era as the period of many changes
Pls help!!
The era that is considered to be the period of many changes is the Renaissance Period.
What happened in the Renaissance Period ?Renaissance Period is indeed considered to be a period of many changes. The Renaissance, which took place in Europe from the 14th to the 17th century, was a time of great cultural, intellectual, and artistic revival.
During the Renaissance, artists, writers, and scientists made many important discoveries and innovations that changed the course of history. The invention of the printing press, for example, allowed for the dissemination of knowledge and ideas on a scale that had never been seen before.
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PLEASE HURRY!!
Which of the following statements provide evidence to support the big bang theory?
a The universe began as a very high density singularity.
b Dark matter makes up the majority of matter in the galaxy.
c Small spiral galaxies become larger elliptical galaxies when they collide.
d The ratios of carbon and neon in the universe match those of the early universe.
The big bang theory idea is supported by claims like "The cosmos began as a very high density singularity."
What proof does the Big Bang theory of the cosmos have?The Big Bang theory is backed up by two significant scientific discoveries: the link between a galaxy's speed and distance from Earth, the cosmic microwave background radiation in the 1960s, and both were found by Hubble in the 1920s.
Which of the following claims about the universe is true?The universe's creation and growth are explained by the big bang theory. The big bang theory is supported by the Hubble expansion, cosmic microwave background, and big bang nucleosynthesis.
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Many humans consume both plants and animals. These humans are considered to be which of the following?
Answer: Omnivores!
Explanation
what is the purpose of a differential white blood cell count?
A white blood cell (WBC) differential aids in identifying the reason of unusual WBC count data. It is crucial for the diagnosis and/or follow-up of diseases that have an impact on your immune system, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, and tumours that have an impact on your WBC, such leukaemia or lymphoma.
A complete blood count (CBC), a test frequently used as a general health check, may be performed concurrently with or after a differential, or it may be conducted as a follow-up to aberrant CBC results. A differential is often run using an automatic blood analyzer. On rare occasions, a skilled laboratory worker will accomplish it manually by looking at a WBC differential under a microscope.
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A species lives in a tropical rainforest where it feeds upon vegetation. What is most likely to cause this species to become extinct?
A species lives in a tropical rainforest where it feeds upon vegetation the decrease in there number due to various condition are most likely to cause this species to become extinct.
A species lives in a tropical rainforest where it feeds upon vegetation, deforestation is most likely to cause this species to become extinct.
The reason includes: Habitat loss and fragmentation: It includes the reasons that either destroy the natural habitat of these organisms or pollute it. Overexploitation: many species have been hunted and used by animals for their own need.
Deforestation is the purposeful clearing of forested land. Throughout history and into modern times, forests have been razed to make space for agriculture and animal grazing, and to obtain wood for fuel, manufacturing, and construction.
The most common pressures causing deforestation and severe forest degradation are agriculture, unsustainable forest management, mining, infrastructure projects and increased fire incidence and intensity.
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a molecular biologist measures the mass of cofactor a in an average yeast cell. the mass is . what is the total mass in micrograms of cofactor a in a yeast colony containing cells? write your answer as a decimal.
The total mass of cofactor A in a yeast colony containing 10^5 cells is 2.47 micrograms.
To calculate the total mass of cofactor A in a yeast colony containing 10⁵ cells, we can use the following formula:
Total mass = (mass per cell) x (number of cells)
In this case, we know that the mass of cofactor A in an average yeast cell is 24.7 pg. To convert this to micrograms, we can divide by 10^6:
24.7 pg = 0.0000247 μg
Now, we can plug in the values we know and solve for the total mass:
Total mass = (0.0000247 μg/cell) x (10⁵ cells)
Total mass = 2.47 μg
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"A molecular biologist measures the mass of cofactor A in an average yeast cell. The mass is 24.7pg. What is the total mass in micrograms of cofactor A in a yeast colony containing 10^5 cells?"--
