Draw the product formed when cyclohexene is reacted with h2 in the presence of pt.

Answers

Answer 1

Cyclohexene is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₆H₁₀. This cycloalkene is a colorless liquid with a pointy scent. It's miles an intermediate in various industrial procedures. Cyclohexene isn't always very solid upon long-time garage with exposure to light and air because it forms peroxides.

Cyclohexane is an alicyclic hydrocarbon comprising a ring of six carbon atoms; the cyclic shape of hexane is used as a raw cloth within the manufacture of nylon.

Cyclohexene is used in a numerous variety of chemical syntheses. It's miles a building block that is utilized in Pharma, (eg, Clidanac, MK 346, Trandolapril, and Agchems which includes Propargite.

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Draw The Product Formed When Cyclohexene Is Reacted With H2 In The Presence Of Pt.

Related Questions

given the bond energies of n-n ( 160 kj/mol) and br-br( 193 kj/mol), what could be infer about the bond strength of n-br bond?

Answers

Energy bond of N-Br can't be calculated only with the data of energy bond of N-N and Br-Br. The energy bond of N-Br is 243kJ/mol

Energy bond can be determined by using experiment. To calculate energy bond of N-Br by using energy bond of N-N and Br-Br need 1 more data of the difference of Enthalpy reactant and product. In this case the reaction can be determine as below:
N-N + Br-Br = 2 N-Br

The equation can be used is:
Energy bond N-N + Energy bond Br-Br - Energy bond of 2 N-Br = Enthalpy

If the enthalpy of the reaction not provided, energy bond of N-Br can not be determined. But, you can check on the reference for N-Br energy bond.

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The molar mass of iron (iii) oxide (fe2o3) is 159.7 g/mol. what is the correct way to write the molar mass of iron oxide as a conversion factor? startfraction 159.7 grams upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 over 159.7 moles upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 endfraction. startfraction 1 gram upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 over 159.7 moles upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 endfraction. startfraction 159.7 grams upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 over 1 mole upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 endfraction. startfraction 1 gram upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 over 1 mole upper f e subscript 2 upper o subscript 3 endfraction.

Answers

The molar mass of iron (iii) oxide (Fe₂O₃) is 159.7 g/mol. the correct way to write the molar mass of iron oxide as a conversion factor is :

159.7 g Fe₂O₃/ 1 mol

The molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 159.7 g/mol

molar mass of the substance is the mass in grams per mole of a substance.

the molar mass of Fe = 55.8 g/mol

the molar mass of O = 16 g/mol

the molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 2 × 55.8 + 3 × 16

                                         = 159.7 g/mol

the molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 159.7 g/mol

the correct way of write the molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 159.7 g Fe₂O₃/ 1 mol.

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Which best describes how to correct wilam’s error? the first result should state that frequencies of light that were lower than the frequency threshold of the metal could not eject electrons. the second result should state that as soon as light struck the metal, protons were ejected. the second result should state that just before light struck the metal, electrons were ejected. the third result should state that the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons depends only on the frequency of the photons.

Answers

The option that best describes how to correct the Wiliam error, is The third result, should state that the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons depends only on the frequency of the photons. Correct answer: letter D.

Since, the best way to correct Wiliam's error is to edit the third result to state that the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons depends only on the frequency of the photons. This can be done by replacing the existing sentence with the new sentence, or simply adding it as an additional statement.

What is the photoelectric effect according to William?

The photoelectric effect, first explained by Albert Einstein in 1905, is the phenomenon in which electrons are emitted from the surface of a metal when light of a certain frequency, or energy level, is shone upon it.

The photoelectric effect was first observed by William Hallwachs in 1887. Hallwachs observed that when light was shone on a metal, an electric current was produced. This current was proportional to the intensity of the light and independent of its frequency, leading him to conclude that the energy of the light was being transferred to the electrons in the metal.

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What has the same value as 20 of 45?.

Answers

If you are using a calculator, simply enter 20÷100×450 which will give you 90 as the answer.

Answer: 20% of 40 is 8.

Given that the piece of wood is 50" long in total. Let us say the lengths of the two wood pieces are 'x' and 'y' if the wood is sawed into two pieces.

This implies that x + y = 50... (1)

If one piece is 5" longer than the other, write it as;

(2) (This means that wood of length y is 5" longer than wood of length x. We will substitute equation 2 into 1 to write the problem as an equation.

x + y = 50

x + (x+5) = 50

2x+5 = 50 (The required equation will be where x is the length of the shorter piece of wood.)

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Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
Zn; 65.38 g/mol

A 3.79 L container can hold 0.15 moles H2 gas. What mass of Zn is required to generate 0.15 mol H2

Answers

Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, the mass of Zn required to generate 0.15 mol of H₂ is 9.807 grams.

Reaction stoichiometry

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

Zn + 2 HCl  → ZnCl₂ + H₂

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

Zn: 1 moleHCl: 2 moles ZnCl₂: 1 moleH₂: 1 mole

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Zn: 65.38 g/moleHCl: 36.45 g/moleZnCl₂: 136.28 g/moleH₂: 2 g/mole

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

Zn: 1 mole ×65.38 g/mole= 65.38 gramsHCl: 2 moles ×36.45 g/mole= 72.9 gramsZnCl₂: 1 mole ×136.28 g/mole= 136.28 gramsH₂: 1 mole ×2 g/mole= 2 grams

Mass of Zn required

The following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 1 mole of H₂ is generated by 65.38 grams of Zn, 0.15 mole of H₂ is generated by how much mass of Zn?

mass of Zn= (0.15 mole of H₂× 65.38 grams of Zn)÷ 1 mole of H₂

mass of Zn= 9.807 grams

Finally, a mass of 9.807 grams of Zn are required.

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which of the following molecules does not have a permanent dipole moment? a. hydrogen fluoride, hf b. nitrogen trifluoride, nf 3 c. iodine trichloride, icl 3 d. sulfur dioxide, so 2 e. carbon tetrachloride, ccl 4

Answers

As already mentioned, carbon tetrachloride lacks a sustained positive charge for ccl4 monomers.

What sets atoms distinct from molecules?

Particles that exist alone and in isolation make up an atom. The neutral particles known as molecules are made up of more numerous two atoms joined together. A positively and negatively charged molecule is called an ion. The two categories of basic particles that comprise atoms are quarks and electrons. An region of electrons surrounds the nucleus of an atom.

Is gold a molecule or an atom?

The nucleus of the gold atom has 79 protons. The number of protons and electrons in each neutral (charge-free) atom is the same. Although neutrons can vary, they are typically between 1.5 and two times as common as protons (in smaller atoms) (larger atoms).

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complete this reaction with the appropriate product. then balance this equation by typing the correct coefficients in the blanks. please enter a 1 instead of leaving any blank. c2h5oh o2 --> h2o

Answers

This reaction when the right product is used. then make this equation equal.

O2 + CO2 + H2O + C2H5OH (unbalanced)

C2H5OH +3O2 (g). 2CO2(g)+3H2O(balanced)

What does the term "response" mean?

Resistance or opposition to a force, influence, or movement is a reactionary act, process, or occurrence. especially: propensity for an outdated political, social, or policy system from the past. a reaction to a procedure, circumstance, or event.

A physical reaction is what?

A physical response is a reaction that modifies the physical characteristics of an item or material Physical characteristics include things like mass, volume, and density. The definition of a physical reaction is a response in which molecules rearrange each other but do not undergo chemical change.

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calculate the volume in milliliters of a 1.47 mol/l sodium thiosulfate solution that contains 100. g of sodium thiosulfate

Answers

In this question, we are given with

mass of sodium thiosulfate = 100g

We know that, Molar mass of sodium thiosulfate = 158 g/mol

number of moles = Given mass/ Molar Mass

Number of moles of sodium thiosulfate = 100/158

Number of moles of sodium thiosulfate = 0.63 moles

We are given with molarity of solution,

Molarity of Solution = 1.47 M

We know that, Molarity = number of moles/Volume (in liters)

1.47 = 0.63/V

V = 0.63/1.47

Volume in liters = 0.430 L

(In ml)

Volume = 430 ml

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What do the chain of amino acids do next after they leave the ribosome )?.

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After the amino acid chain leaves the ribosome, Endoplasmic Reticulum folds, modifies, and transports the protein.

The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, serves as a factory where proteins from the ER are further processed and sorted before being transported to their final destinations: lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, dynamic structure in the cell that performs numerous functions such as calcium storage, protein synthesis, and lipid metabolism. The ER's various functions are carried out by distinct domains, which include tubules, sheets, and the nuclear envelope.

Endoplasmic reticulum is classified into two types: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Their primary function in cells is to produce proteins, and ribosomes are attached to their surface. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: Their primary function in the liver and kidney cells is to produce lipids and detoxify toxins in the body.

Therefore, the chain of amino acids, after they leave the ribosomes, they are found in the endoplasmic reticulum and the further reaction takes place to complete the whole process which the endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for.

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What are the two distinct pathways for nucleophilic aromatic substitution?
A) Addition-substitution and substitution-addition
B) Addition-elimination and elimination-addition
C) Addition-addition and elimination-elimination
D) Elimination-substitution and substitution-elimination

Answers

The two different pathways for nucleophilic aromatic substitution are  addition-elimination and elimination-addition.

What are the two distinct pathways for nucleophilic aromatic substitution?The reactions are known as nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions because they occur when a nucleophile attacks an aromatic ring before the leaving group leaves.The addition of a nucleophile to the aromatic ring takes place in the first phase of the addition-elimination process, which is the first possibility.In the second possibility, also known as the elimination-addition, the H atom is removed in the first step, resulting in an intermediate called benzyne. The benzyne is attacked by a nucleophile in the following step, resulting in a negatively charged intermediate ,that is later protonated to produce the end product.Thus, the two different pathways for nucleophilic aromatic substitution can be addition-elimination and elimination-addition.So, Option B is correct.

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Answer:

addition-elimination addition-addition

Explanation:

cfc's are in the environment because they were released into the atmosphere. what was the use of cfc's?

Answers

The production of aerosol sprays, foam blowing agents, packing materials, solvents, and refrigerants all employ CFCs.

What is CFC?

A group of compounds known as CFCs (sometimes referred to as Freons) are based on the hydrocarbon skeletons of hydrocarbons (often methane) in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms have been swapped out for chlorine and/or fluorine atoms.

CFCs are chemicals that include carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. Air conditioners, perfumes, and freezers all consume CFCs. Because CFCs are odorless and non-flammable, they are simple to utilise in home settings.

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The local area network software called a __ server provides workstations with the authorization to access a particular printer, accepts and queues print jobs, prints cover sheets, and allows users access to the job queue for routine and administrative functions.
print

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The local area network software called a print server gives workstations with the authorization in accessing a particular printer, accepts and queues print jobs, prints cover sheets, as well as allowing users access to the job queue for routine and administrative functions.

Printer server or print server is basically a server that serves as a connection for communication between printers and client computers in a network whether it be a local area network or a wide area network. Print server enables back and forth communication between printers and client computers or mobile devices allowing them to queue or delete print or scanning jobs. Print server connection may be set up via a wired or wireless network router.

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consider the substitution reaction that takes place when (r)-3-bromo-3-methylhexane is treated with methanol.which of the following would be true?

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The substitution reaction that takes place when (R)-3-bromo-3-methylhexane is treated with methanol.  the following would be true is The reaction would take place with racemization.

The (R)-3-bromo-3-methylhexane is a type of tertiary alkyl halide. this reaction will undergoes substitution reaction , SN1 reaction mechanism. the reaction of  (R)-3-bromo-3-methylhexane is treated with methanol leads to the formation racemic mixture of the 3 methylhaxane-3-ol. The nucleophilic substitution reaction the nucleophile group is substituted on the alkyl halide in place of the alkyl group.

Thus, The substitution reaction that takes place when (R)-3-bromo-3-methylhexane is treated with methanol.  the following would be true is The reaction would take place with racemization.

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a sample is dissolved in water. one out of every 1000 molecules dissociate and donate a proton. this is 1. a weak base. 2. a strong base. 3. a weak acid. 4. neither an acid nor a base. 5. a strong acid.

Answers

Answer:

3. A week Acid.

Explanation:

a sample is dissolved in water. one out of every 1000 molecules dissociate and donate a proton.

1. a weak base.

2. a strong base.

3. a weak acid.

4. neither an acid nor a base.

5. a strong acid.

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for the following reaction, 5.42 grams of sodium iodide are mixed with excess chlorine gas. the reaction yields 1.76 grams of sodium chloride. chlorine (g) sodium iodide (s) sodium chloride (s) iodine (s) what is the theoretical yield of sodium chloride ? grams what is the percent yield of sodium chloride ? %

Answers

The sentence makes it clear that none of these are true.

What purpose does sodium iodide serve?

Iodine shortage is treated or prevented using sodium iodide. Iodine is required by the body in proper development and growth. Potassium iodide may be required for people who need additional iodine or cannot acquire adequate copper from their normal diet. Your thyroid gland needs iodine to operate correctly.

Which class of medication is sodium iodide?

A complement used in complete parenteral feeding is sodium iodide. A water-soluble ionic bond having a crystal lattice is sodium iodide. Iodine can be obtained from sodium iodide, which can be given as a supplement for complete parenteral nutrition but is most frequently utilized in

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What is albumin in eggs?.

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Albumins, not to be confused with albumen (egg white), are a class of water-soluble proteins that are present in blood serum, milk, and egg white. Albuminoids are all compounds that contain albumin.

What is Albumen ?

Albumen was originally used to describe water-soluble protein systems, including egg white, that contain proteins other than albumins.

The clear substance surrounding an egg's yolk is referred as albumen. It may be referred to as an egg white, puggle, or glair when beaten or cooked because of its white appearance. This substance is distinct from albumin, which are water-soluble proteins found in various of animals, including humans. Human blood plasma contains albumin. To confuse matters, some proteins found in egg whites are dissolved in water.  About 15% protein and 85% water make up the average egg white.

So, we can state that Albumin in eggs called albumen (egg white).

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when drawing the lewis structure of a molecule, start by determining the total number of available valence based on each element's choose... then, use the total number of electrons needed for each element to be stable, generally based on the octet rule, to determine the ionic charge by finding the difference between the number of needed and available electrons divided by two. next, identify the central atom, which is the element with the greatest electronegativity other than hydrogen. finally, arrange the number of bonds around the central atom to fulfill the stable number of electrons for each element.

Answers

When drawing the lewis structure of a molecule, start by determining the total number of available valence based on each element's electronic configuration.

Then, use the total number of electrons needed for each element to be stable, generally based on the octet rule, to determine the ionic charge by finding the difference between the number of needed and available electrons divided by two. next, identify the central atom, which is the element with the greatest electronegativity other than hydrogen. finally, arrange the number of bonds around the central atom to fulfill the stable number of electrons for each element. This question has blanks that are already filled in except the 1st one.

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What is the chemical formula for chlorous acid?

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The chemical formula for colours acid is HCLO2.

the solvolysis of 2-bromo-3-methylbutane potentially can give several products, including both e1 and s n 1 products from both the unrearranged carbocation and the rearranged carbocation. part b indicate whether the products are from e1 or s n 1 reactions. drag the appropriate products to their respective bins.

Answers

SN1 interactions with allylic electrophiles, lamp fuel, and valuable component in skincare and cosmetics products.

What purposes do E1 reactions serve?

It is common practice to convert saturated compounds (organic molecules with single carbon-carbon bonds) into unsaturated compounds using an elimination reaction (compounds which feature double or triple carbon-carbon bonds).

What circumstances are favorable for SN1 and E1 reactions?

The required carbocation intermediate must typically be somewhat stable for an SN1 or E1 reaction to take place. Strong bases, particularly strong hindered bases (such tert-butoxide), promote elimination while strong nucleophiles, especially strong, favor replacement. Small groups on the carbon attached to halogen atom.

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Is Energy Absorbed Or Released When The Electron In A Hydrogen Atom Makes A Transition From The N = 1 Energy Level To The N = 4 Energy Level?

Answers

So we are aware that response was taken in. the response is accurate. This is because electron has to absorb energy in order to travel from lower state to higher state in order to move from one to  other.

What does a scientific energy mean?

Energy is characterized as having the "ability to accomplish work, which is the capacity to apply a force sufficient to move an object." Despite this unclear description, energy simply refers to the power that propels motion. Potential and kinetic energy are the two categories of energy.

What is the primary energy source?

The sun is among the most significant sources of energy. Sunlight is the major energy source.

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What function represents a geometric sequence?.

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All exponential functions represent geometric sequences. Hence option B. A(n) = p(1 + i)ⁿ⁻¹, where n is a positive integer.

All exponential features constitute geometric sequences. a geometrical progression, additionally called a geometric sequence, is a sequence of non-zero numbers wherein each term after the first is found by using multiplying the previous one by using a set, non-0 variety called the common ratio.

A geometric sequence is a sequence of numbers that follows a sample were the next time period is observed by means of multiplying by means of a consistent referred to as the not unusual ratio, r.a geometric series is a sequence wherein the ratio of any term to the previous time period is consistent.

The specific formulation for a geometric series is of the form an = a1r-1, in which r is the not-unusual ratio.The name geometric collection suggests each term is the geometric suggest of its two neighboring phrases, much like how the call mathematics series shows every time period is the arithmetic mean of its  neighboring phrases.

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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete,please see below for the complete question.

What function represents a geometric sequence?

1. A(n) = P + (n-1)i.P, where n is any real number.

2. A(n) = P(n+i)^n-¹, where n is any positive integer.

3. A(n) = P(n+i)^n-¹, where n is any real integer.

4. A(n) = P + (n-1)i.P, where n is any positive integer.

What are the 4 types of ionic compounds?.

Answers

The 4 types of ionic compounds are

(a) Sodium chloride

(b) Potassium Phosphate

(c) Magnesium sulphate

(d) Calcium phosphide

What are ionic compounds ?

An ionic compound in chemistry is a chemical complex made up of ions kept together by electrostatic forces known as ionic bonding. Although the chemical is generally neutral, it does contain positively charged ions known as cations and negatively charged ions known as anions.

Ions, which are formed when an atom (or group of atoms) acquires or loses electrons, are the charged particles that make up ionic compounds. An ion with a positive charge is a cation, whereas one with a negative charge is an anion.

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draw the lewis structure for sulfur dioxide, so2. which of the statements below is true for the lewis structure of the so2 molecule? view available hint(s)for part a draw the lewis structure for sulfur dioxide, so2. which of the statements below is true for the lewis structure of the so2 molecule? there is one lone pair of electrons on the sulfur atom. there are double bonds between the sulfur atom and each of the oxygen atoms. there are single bonds between the sulfur atom and each of the oxygen atoms. there are two lone pairs of electrons on the sulfur atom.

Answers

There is one lone pair of electrons on the sulphur atom and there are double bonds between the sulphur atom and each of oxygen atoms.

What is lewis structure?

A Lewis Structure is a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It is used to show how the electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule. Electrons are shown as "dots" or for bonding electrons as a line between the two atoms.

What is lone pair?

Lone pair (nonbonded pair, nonbonded electron pair): A valence shell electron pair associated with one atom, and not part of a covalent bond. Can be part of a noncovalent interaction. The oxygen atom of water has two lone pairs.

What is single and double bonds?

A single bond is formed when two atoms share one pair of electrons, whereas a double bond is formed when two atoms share two pairs (four electrons).

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While testing a sample of copper (II) sulfate at varying wavelengths, you come up with a curve like the one found below. You still need to determine the concentration of the sample.
Based on this absorption spectrum, at which wavelength should you run the standards?

Answers

Based on the absorption spectrum, at the wavelength you should run the standards at 450 nm.

When all of the copper has precipitated out of solution, the usual method is to conduct a visual check. Pure copper(II) sulfate is described as white. It is also known as anhydrous copper(II) sulfate because it does not contain any water. When water is present, a copper(II) sulfate sample turns blue. Free iron, which is typically transferred onto a part's surface during manufacture with steel components, is found using the copper sulfate test. Copper(II) ions in solution absorb red light from the spectrum. The light that emerges from the solution will contain all the colors except for red. We see a light blue color when these particular wavelengths are combined.

Note that the full question is:

While testing a sample of copper (II) sulfate at varying wavelengths, you come up with a curve like the one found below. You still need to determine the concentration of the sample.

Based on this absorption spectrum, at which wavelength should you run the standards?

a) 450 nm

b) 550 nm

c) 650 nm

d)750 nm

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when filling degenerate orbitals, electrons fill them singly first, with parallel spins. this way of filling orbitals known as

Answers

When filling degenerate orbitals, electrons fill them singly first, with parallel spins. This way of filling orbitals follows Hund's rule.

Each and every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is occupied by two electrons, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin, and this follows the Hund's rule.

Before paring first the electrons go into an empty orbital. Due to the negative charge of electrons, electrons are attracted to one another. To reduce repulsion, the electrons do not share orbitals.

The spins of unpaired electrons in singly occupied orbitals are the same when the second rule is taken into action.

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What does a sanitizer test kit measure pH or strength?.

Answers

Sanitizer kit is used to clean the surfaces from pathogens and infectants. These microbes are having an optimum pH to live and thus, pH of the sanitizer must to be tested to ensure its effectiveness against microbes.

What is pH?

pH of a substance is the measure of its H+ ions concentration. Mathematically it is the negative logarithm of H+ ion concentration. The pH of above 7 is basic and the pH below 7 is acidic.

Microbes have an optimum  temperature and pH up to which they can survive. They cannot be survived at extreme conditions such as extreme cold or hot similar for the pH conditions.

Therefore, to kill the infectious agents sanitizers must be prepared in a suitable pH at which microbes cant survive. Thus, sanitizer test kit measure pH or strength before use to ensure its effectiveness.

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What are 5 examples of mass media?.

Answers

Examples of mass media include published images, television and radio broadcast recordings, newspaper and the  magazine articles, commercials, sheet music, and the music that has been recorded for the widespread circulation.

There are several levels at which the individuals or institutions were involved in the creation and dissemination of a given mass media product, depending on the product that has been asked in the question.

A magazine article that has a lot of the mediation between the author and the reader compared to that of a mass-produced source like a 'zine or a personal blog which is  an editor, a copy editor, a publisher, an advertisers, a legal restrictions, etc.

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Nitramide, N2H2O2, decomposes slowly in aqueous solution. This decomposition is believed to occur according to the reaction mechanism above. The rate law for the decomposition of nitramide that is consistent with this mechanism is given by which of the following?(A) Rate = k [N2H2O2] (B) Rate = k [N2H2O2] [H+] (C) Rate = (k [N2H2O2]) / [H+](D) Rate = (k [N2H2O2]) / [N2HO2−] (E) Rate = k [N2H2O2] [OH−]

Answers

With a rate constant of 4.70*10-5 s-1, Nitramide breakdown in aqueous solution at 25 °C proceeds in the first order as NH2NO2(aq) + N2O(g) + H2O. (l).

What is the chemical composition of Nitramide?

A molecule's arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold it together make up its chemical structure. The molecule of Nitramide contains a total of five bonds (s) There are three non-H bonds, two multiple bonds, and two double bonds (s).

What is the thermal decomposition of Nitramide empirical equation?

It has been utilized to thermally break down Nitramide (H2N2O2) and hyponitrous acid (H2N2O2). (both of which have the empirical formula N2OH2O).

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Cytokine receptors are associated with cytoplasmic protein kinases called _____, which become activated when the cytokine receptors bind to their respective cytokines.
A.ZAP-70 B.STATs C.Lck D.ITAMs E.JAKs

Answers

Option (E) . Cytokine receptors are associated with cytoplasmic protein kinases called JAKs , which become activated and binds to their respective cytokines .

Cytokines are the receptors which transmit various signals for cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and functional activity, circulate in picomolar concentrations, and may increase in magnitude almost a thousand-fold in response to an infection or inflammation. Cytokines are crucial in controlling the growth and activity of the immune system cells and blood cells. Cytokines can exert systemic as well as local effects. A cytokine's actions may affect the same cell it was secreted from, other nearby cells or may act in a more endocrine manner and produce effects across the whole of the body, such as in the case of fever.

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When heating a liquid on the stovetop, the heated liquid becomes less dense and rises and the denser cooler liquid sinks to the bottom. What type of thermal energy transfer is occurring?.

Answers

The type of heat energy transfer that occur is convection

What is convection?

Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas) between areas of different temperature.

Convection works by areas of a liquid or gas heating or cooling greater than their surroundings, causing differences in temperature. These temperature differences then cause the areas to move as the hotter, less dense areas rise, and the cooler, more dense areas sink to the bottom.

Similarly with air, hot air tends to move to a cooler region due to convection

Other mode of heat transfer are conduction and radiation.

Therefore mode of heat transfer in a liquid and gas is known as convection

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