Given information:ELEKTO Sdn Bhd has a net profit of RM (L3D x 10,000) + 250,000 for year 2020.Net profit in 2021 is 20% more than that in 2020.
The company is investing 30% of the net profit of 2021.The forecasted profit rate is 8% per annum compounded quarterly.
To estimate the total amount of the investment after five years.Solution:Given the net profit for 2020 = RM (L3D x 10,000) + 250,000. So, substituting the value of L3D=4 in the above equation, we get,
Net profit in 2020 = RM (4 x 10,000) + 250,000= RM 290,000So, the net profit in 2021 would be = 290,000 + 0.2 × 290,000= 290,000 + 58,000= RM 348,000The company will invest 30% of the net profit of 2021 = 0.3 × 348,000= RM 104,400
We have to estimate the total amount of the investment after 5 years.
The rate of profit per annum = 8%.So, the rate of profit per quarter = 8/4 = 2%
Let us calculate the total investment after five years.
Using the compound interest formula:A = P (1 + r/n)^(n × t)where, A = Total amount of investment after 5 years
P = Principal or initial investmentr = rate of interest per quartern = number of times the interest is compounded per quarter (4)
T = Time period in quarters (5 × 4 = 20)So, the total amount of investment after 5 years,
A = 104,400 (1 + 0.02/4)^(4 × 20)= 104,400 (1 + 0.005)^80= 104,400 × 1.440= RM 150,336
Total amount of the investment after five years is RM 150,336.
Answer: The total amount of the investment after five years is RM 150,336.
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Explain the important aspects pertaining to regulatory compliance programs in the safety and protection of humans during clinical trials. How does patient privacy and data integrity fall under current good clinical practices?
Regulatory compliance programs are crucial in ensuring the safety and protection of humans during clinical trials.
What are the important aspects?The following are some of the most important aspects to consider in relation to regulatory compliance programs in clinical trials:
1. Informed consent: Obtaining informed consent is an essential part of the clinical trial process. Patients must understand the potential risks and benefits of participating in the study and be able to make an informed decision about whether or not to participate.
The informed consent process must comply with applicable laws and regulations, including those related to patient privacy.
2. Monitoring: Regulatory compliance programs must include a monitoring plan to ensure that clinical trial data is accurate, complete, and consistent with the study protocol.
This includes monitoring the conduct of the study, verifying the accuracy of data collected, and ensuring that the study is conducted in accordance with applicable regulations and guidelines.
3. Reporting: Regulatory compliance programs must include a mechanism for reporting adverse events and serious adverse events. This ensures that the safety of study participants is monitored throughout the study and that any safety concerns are promptly reported to the appropriate regulatory authorities.
4. Patient privacy: Patient privacy is a crucial aspect of regulatory compliance in clinical trials. All patient data must be kept confidential and protected from unauthorized disclosure. This includes personal information, medical history, and study results.
5. Data integrity: Data integrity is essential to ensure that the study results are accurate and reliable. Regulatory compliance programs must include procedures to ensure that the data is complete, accurate, and verifiable.
Patient privacy and data integrity fall under current good clinical practices because they are essential aspects of ensuring the safety and protection of human subjects during clinical trials.
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Myra owns a house which she advertises for sale for $400,000. On May 1, Nic offers Myra $380,000 for the house. Myra does not reply immediately, but on May 5, Myra delivers to Nic at his office a form that includes additional terms for the sale of the house but does not change the price.
At 9:00 a.m on May 6, Nic signs the form from Myra and gives it to Odell, his administrative assistant, with instructions to mail it to Myra. Odell does not mail the signed form on May 6. At 10:00 am, May 6, Myra calls Nic to say the deal is off.
May 7, Odell mails the form signed by Nic to Myra. When Myra receives the signed form from Nic, she refuses to sell the house to him. Nic files a lawsuit against her for breach of contract.
1)Which contract law applies to this case: UCC or common law and why? Provide your analysis of each contract law and why the one you selected applies.
Note:Please Provide this answer without plagiarism and 130-150 words.
The contract law that applies to this case is the common law. This is because the transaction between Myra and Nic involves the sale of a house, which is categorized as a real estate property, and not goods.
which is the category that the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) covers. Common law applies to contracts that relate to the sale of real estate properties like houses, buildings, and land, among others.On the other hand, UCC applies to contracts that deal with the sale of goods like tangible things that are movable like cars, books, electronics, and clothing, among others.In conclusion, Nic files a lawsuit against Myra for breach of contract, and the contract law that applies to this case is common law. This is because the transaction involves the sale of a house, which is a real estate property, and not a good that the UCC covers.
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Please research three government organizations. One must be a federal agency and a state agency and local agency.
- You will graphically describe the structure of each organization; explain the organizations’ responsibilities and services in the public sector.
- Analyze the roles of these agencies within their political systems by discussing the duties, practices, and processes of these public organizations.
- Provide four or more examples of these organizations’ administrative and managerial processes.
- Research a current policy issue related to each agency.
- Highlight each agency’s role in the policy issue (is the agency responsible for developing the policy, for implementation, etc.).
- Report on the current stage/status of the policy issue.
- Propose next steps that each agency should take.
- Consult and cite at least three credible resources.
- Each section should include the name of the organization, an organizational chart, a description of the responsibility of the organization (what services they provide to the public), and the policy issue for each of the three organizations.
Federal Agency: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): The EPA is responsible for protecting human health and the environment. State Agency: California Department of Transportation (Caltrans): Caltrans is responsible for planning, designing, building, operating, and maintaining the state's transportation system. It manages highways, bridges, public transportation, and transportation-related policies. Local Agency: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH): The DOHMH oversees public health initiatives and services in New York City. It focuses on disease prevention, promoting healthy lifestyles, ensuring food safety, and providing mental health support.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
The EPA is a federal agency responsible for protecting human health and the environment. It develops and enforces regulations, conducts environmental research, provides grants, and works with state and local governments to address environmental issues.
The current policy issue for the EPA is climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The agency plays a crucial role in developing and implementing policies to mitigate the impacts of climate change, such as the Clean Power Plan and vehicle emission standards.
California Department of Transportation (Caltrans)
Caltrans is a state agency in California that manages the state's transportation infrastructure. It plans, designs, constructs, and maintains highways, bridges, and railways. Caltrans is also responsible for developing transportation policies and programs to enhance mobility and reduce congestion.
A current policy issue for Caltrans is promoting sustainable transportation and reducing carbon emissions. The agency is involved in initiatives like the Sustainable Transportation Planning Grant Program and the California Transportation Plan to support environmentally friendly transportation options.
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH)
The DOHMH is a local agency in New York City that focuses on public health and mental hygiene. It works to prevent diseases, promote healthy behaviors, ensure food safety, regulate tobacco and alcohol use, and provide mental health services.
The current policy issue for the DOHMH is addressing the opioid crisis. The agency plays a role in implementing policies to reduce opioid overdose deaths, such as expanding access to naloxone, increasing treatment options, and implementing harm reduction strategies.
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Dec. 31 A physical count determines inventory to be $114,000 vs. $116,500 in the ledger. Is any entry required? If so, show it.
Yes, an entry is required to adjust the inventory based on the physical count. The adjustment entry will account for the difference between the physical count and the ledger balance.
To record the adjustment, we need to debit or credit the appropriate accounts. Since the physical count is lower than the ledger balance, we will debit the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) account and credit the Inventory account.The entry would be as follows:Date: December 31Account Debit CreditCost of Goods Sold $2,500Inventory $2,500Explanation:By debiting the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) account, we are increasing the expense, which will reduce the profit. By crediting the Inventory account, we are reducing the value of the inventory to reflect the lower physical count.The adjustment entry recognizes the discrepancy between the physical count ($114,000) and the ledger balance ($116,500), adjusting the inventory value to match the actual count.
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Truebrand produces parts for bicycle and has the following costs and informations: Orders must be placed for parts to produce a group of 150 bicycles. Annual demand is 300,000 units (assume a 360-day year). The carrying cost is 17% of the purchase price. The purchase price is RM1.20 per unit. The ordering cost is RM30 per order. vi) The desired safety stock is 800 units. vii) The delivery time is 10 days. Given the above information: i) Determine the optimal EOQ level. i) iii) ii) How many orders will be placed annually? iii) What is the inventory order point? iv) What is the average inventory level?
Answer: i) The optimal EOQ level is 8256 units. ii) 37 orders will be placed annually. iii) The inventory order point is 803 units. iv) The average inventory level is 4928 units.
Truebrand produces parts for a bicycle and has the given information below: Orders must be placed for parts to produce a group of 150 bicycles. The annual demand for bicycle parts is 300,000 units, assuming a 360-day year. The purchase price is RM1.20 per unit, and the carrying cost is 17% of the purchase price. The ordering cost is RM30 per order, the desired safety stock is 800 units, and the delivery time is 10 days. Given the above information, the answers to the following questions are:i) Determine the optimal EOQ level. ii) How many orders will be placed annually? iii) What is the inventory order point? iv) What is the average inventory level?i) Optimal EOQ level can be determined using the following formula:
EOQ = √2SD/H
Where S = Annual demandD = Ordering cost
H = Holding cost per unit
EOQ = √2SD/H = √2(300000)($30)/($1.20 x 0.17) = √67500000/0.204 = 8256
Therefore, the optimal EOQ level is 8256.ii) The number of orders that will be placed annually can be determined using the following formula:
Number of orders = Annual demand / EOQ
Number of orders = 300000 / 8256 = 36.36
orders Rounding this number up means that 37 orders are placed annually .iii) Inventory order point can be determined using the following formula:
Inventory order point = (D / S) x Lead time + Safety stock
Inventory order point = (8256 / 300000) x 10 + 800 = 8256 / 30000 x 10 + 800 = 0.275 x 10 + 800 = 802.75 ~ 803 units
Therefore, the inventory order point is 803 units .iv) Average inventory level can be determined using the following formula:
Average inventory level = EOQ / 2 + Safety stock
Average inventory level = 8256 / 2 + 800 = 4128 + 800 = 4928 units
Therefore, the average inventory level is 4928 units.
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when analyzing a market, obtaining information from other buyers of similar goods or services would be an example of which of the following? A. Peer networking B. strategy research C. supplier networking D. third-party networking
When analyzing a market, obtaining information from other buyers of similar goods or services would be an example of A. Peer networking.
Peer networking refers to the process of connecting and exchanging information with individuals or organizations who are in similar roles or have similar interests. In the context of market analysis, reaching out to other buyers of similar goods or services allows for the sharing of insights, experiences, and knowledge about the market.
By engaging in peer networking, market analysts can gather valuable information about market trends, supplier performance, pricing dynamics, customer preferences, and other relevant factors. This firsthand information from peers who have direct experience in the market can provide valuable insights that may not be readily available through other means.
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Management at the WZX Corporation is trying to develop a forecasting method that will assist it in predicting the company's future demand for key technical positions including software engineers, business analytics specialists, and IT professionals. The company decided to use labor productivity as the basis for predicting demand for labor. This is an example of a(n) Multiple Choice leading indicator. yield ratio. human capital ROI. confounding factor. intermediate variable.
The decision of the WZX Corporation to use labor productivity as the basis for predicting demand for key technical positions is an example of a leading indicator.
A leading indicator is a measurable factor that provides insights into future trends or changes in a particular area. In this case, labor productivity is used as a leading indicator to forecast the demand for technical positions.
By analyzing labor productivity, the company can gain insights into the efficiency and output of the existing workforce. A higher level of labor productivity may indicate a need for additional technical positions to meet the growing demands of the business.
Using labor productivity as a leading indicator allows the company to anticipate changes in demand for key technical positions and make proactive decisions regarding recruitment, training, and workforce planning.
It helps the company align its human resource strategies with the projected labor needs, ensuring that the organization has the necessary talent and resources to meet future demands.
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Assume that due to wildfire a lot of trees are destroyed in an economy. On the other hand there is a high demand for newly constructed houses. How does this combined situation affect the price and quantity of timber? Make sure to discuss the three steps process for analyzing such questions, the potential impact on supply if any, the potential impact on demand if any and finally the impact on price and quantity as a result.
When analyzing the impact of the wildfire on the timber market, the following three steps must be followed:Step 1: Determining the direction of the shiftWhen wildfire destroys a lot of trees in an economy, the supply of timber will decrease. However, the demand for newly constructed houses is high, indicating an increase in demand.
This will result in a shift in both supply and demand.Step 2: Determine the magnitude of the shift in supply and demandDue to the lack of trees, the supply curve shifts to the left, reducing the amount of timber available in the market. As a result, the price of timber will rise. As for demand, it shifts to the right due to the high demand for newly constructed houses. The magnitude of the shifts in supply and demand will be determined by how much timber was destroyed in the wildfire and how high the demand for newly constructed houses is.Step 3: Evaluate the impact on equilibrium price and quantityThe reduction in supply and increase in demand cause the equilibrium price to rise.
Additionally, the equilibrium quantity of timber will decrease since the destruction of the trees results in a shortage of timber. The new equilibrium point will be at a higher price and lower quantity of timber than before the wildfire.In conclusion, the wildfire will have a significant impact on the timber market. The destruction of trees decreases supply, which results in a higher price of timber, while the demand for newly constructed houses drives the demand for timber higher. The result is an increase in the equilibrium price of timber and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity of timber. The magnitude of the shift in supply and demand, however, will depend on the amount of timber destroyed by the wildfire and the extent of demand for newly constructed houses.
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Fuzzy Button Clothing Company reported sales of $720,000 at the end of last year; but this year, sales are expected to grow by 6%. Fuzzy Buttonexpects to maintain its current profit margin of 22% and dividend payout ratio of 15%. The firm’s total assets equaled $500,000 and were operated at full capacity. Fuzzy Button’s balance sheet shows the following current liabilities: accounts payable of $80,000, notes payable of $25,000, and accrued liabilities of $60,000. Based on the AFN (Additional Funds Needed) equation, what is the firm’s AFN for the coming year?
-$121,118
-$115,062
-$157,453
-$109,006
A negatively-signed AFN value represents:
a surplus of internally generated funds that can be invested in physical or financial assets or paid out as additional dividends.
a shortage of internally generated funds that must be raised outside the company to finance the company’s forecasted future growth.
a point at which the funds generated within the firm equal the demands for funds to finance the firm’s future expected sales requirements.
Because of its excess funds, Fuzzy Button is thinking about raising its dividend payout ratio to satisfy shareholders. What percentage of its earnings can Fuzzy Button pay to shareholders without needing to raise any external capital? (Hint: What can Fuzzy Button increase its dividend payout ratio to before the AFN becomes positive?)
61.0%
74.0%
87.1%
78.4%
The firm’s AFN for the coming year is -$157,453. A negatively-signed AFN value represents a shortage of internally generated funds that must be raised outside the company to finance the company’s forecasted future growth. percentage of its earnings is 87.1%. The correct options are C), B) and C) respectively.
Let's calculate the AFN using the given information
AFN = (Projected increase in sales - Increase in retained earnings - Increase in spontaneous liabilities) - (Increase in fixed assets - Increase in retained earnings - Increase in spontaneous liabilities)
Projected increase in sales = $720,000 * 6% = $43,200
Increase in retained earnings = (Projected increase in sales) * (Profit margin) * (1 - Dividend payout ratio)
= $43,200 * 22% * (1 - 15%) = $5,374.40
Increase in spontaneous liabilities = Accounts payable + Notes payable + Accrued liabilities
= $80,000 + $25,000 + $60,000 = $165,000
Increase in fixed assets = Total assets * (Projected increase in sales - Increase in retained earnings - Increase in spontaneous liabilities) / Sales
= $500,000 * ($43,200 - $5,374.40 - $165,000) / $720,000 = -$10,800
Now, we can calculate the AFN
AFN = ($43,200 - $5,374.40 - $165,000) - (-$10,800) = -$115,062.40
Therefore, the correct answer is -$115,062. The firm's AFN for the coming year is -$115,062. So, the correct answer is B).
A negatively-signed AFN value indicates that the company's internally generated funds are insufficient to meet the funding requirements for its projected growth. Therefore, additional funds need to be obtained from external sources to support the company's expansion plans.
The correct answer is b, a shortage of internally generated funds that must be raised outside the company to finance the company's forecasted future growth.
To determine the percentage of earnings that Fuzzy Button can pay to shareholders without needing to raise external capital, we need to find the dividend payout ratio that results in an AFN value of zero (AFN = 0).
Using the AFN equation
AFN = (Sales * (1 + Growth rate) - Total assets) - (Current liabilities) - (Profit margin * Sales * (1 - Dividend payout ratio))
Setting AFN to zero
0 = (Sales * (1 + Growth rate) - Total assets) - (Current liabilities) - (Profit margin * Sales * (1 - Dividend payout ratio))
Simplifying the equation, we can solve for the dividend payout ratio:
Dividend payout ratio = 1 - (Total assets - Current liabilities) / (Sales * (1 + Growth rate) * Profit margin)
Plugging in the given values
Dividend payout ratio = 1 - ($500,000 - $80,000 - $25,000 - $60,000) / ($720,000 * (1 + 6%) * 22%)
Dividend payout ratio ≈ 87.1%
Therefore, Fuzzy Button can increase its dividend payout ratio to approximately 87.1% without needing to raise any external capital. The correct answer is c).
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studies have shown that about 70 percent of workplace learning is informal. true or false?
True. Informal learning, such as on-the-job experiences, comprises a significant portion of workplace learning due to its practical and experiential nature, supporting skill development and knowledge acquisition.
Numerous studies and research have consistently indicated that a substantial proportion of workplace learning occurs through informal means. Informal learning encompasses various activities, including observing colleagues, participating in team projects, receiving feedback, and engaging in informal conversations and discussions. This type of learning often happens spontaneously and organically in the workplace, outside of formal training programs or structured educational settings.
Informal learning is highly valuable as it allows employees to acquire practical skills, problem-solving abilities, and tacit knowledge that may not be explicitly taught in formal training sessions. It fosters continuous learning and development, promotes collaboration and knowledge sharing among employees, and contributes to overall performance improvement within organizations.
Recognizing the significance of informal learning, organizations can create a supportive learning culture, encourage knowledge exchange, and provide opportunities for informal learning experiences to enhance employee development and organizational effectiveness.
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View Policies Current Attempt in Progress Sheridan Company plans to sell 300 potted plants during April and 220 units in May. Sheridan Company keeps 15% of the next month's sales as ending inventory. How many units should Sheridan Company produce during April? 333 312 288 300
The number of units Sheridan Company should produce during April is 312.
The number of units Sheridan Company should produce during April can be found as follows: Step 1: Calculate the next month's sales for April ending inventory by multiplying May's sales by 15%.15% of May's sales = (15/100) x 220= 33Therefore, the next month's sales for April ending inventory is 220 + 33 = 253
Calculate the total sales units for April. Total sales units for April = Units to be sold in April + Ending inventory for April Units to be sold in April = 300Ending inventory for April = 253Total sales units for April = 300 + 253 = 553.Step 3: Calculate the number of units that Sheridan Company should produce during April. Number of units Sheridan Company should produce during April = Total sales units for April - Beginning inventory for April.
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Magician Co., who reports using IFRS, has a December 31st year-end and had the following totals for the year: Revenue of $740,000, utilities expenses of $15,000, rent expense of $42,000, cost of goods sold of 390,000, administrative salaries of $134,000, and an unrealized holding gain on its OCI classified investment of $17,000. During the year, Magician Co. sold its magic box division, which was considered a major business segment for the company. The magic box division had a gain from operations of $24,000 and a loss on disposal of its assets of $37,000. Magician Co. has a tax rate of 25%. Required: a) Prepare, in good format, the statement of comprehensive income. (10 marks) b) Provide the year-end closing entries (5 marks)
A. The statement of comprehensive income is a financial statement that shows the company's profits over a given period of time. It includes both the operating and non-operating revenues and expenses, gains, and losses.
The statement of comprehensive income summarizes the company's performance for the accounting period.
The statement is broken down into the following categories: sales, expenses, income tax expense, and net income. Here's the solution to the first question:
The calculation of each category of the statement of comprehensive income is as follows:
Sales = $740,000Cost of goods sold = $390,000
Utilities expenses = $15,000Rent expense = $42,000
Administrative salaries = $134,000Unrealized holding gain on investment = $17,000
Gain from operations = $24,000
Loss on disposal of assets = $37,000Income tax = 25% x (gain from operations - loss on disposal of assets) = 25% x ($24,000 - $37,000) = ($3,250)
Therefore, the statement of comprehensive income can be prepared as follows: Magician Co.
Statement of Comprehensive income for the Year Ended December 31, 2020Revenue $740,000Cost of Goods Sold ($390,000)
Utilities Expenses ($15,000)
Rent Expense ($42,000)Administrative Salaries ($134,000)
Unrealized Holding Gain on Investment $17,000
Gain from Operations $24,000
Loss on Disposal of Assets ($37,000)Income Tax Expense ($3,250)
Net Income $159,750
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Match the policies below to whether they would be said by a Keynesian or Neoclassical economist: A. Since the supply curve is vertical, there is no need to shift the aggregate demand curve - it will only change prices and not output B. Policy should concentrate on minimizing cyclical unemployment ? 1. Neoclassical ? 2. Keynesian
The correct match for the policies would be as follows:
A. Since the supply curve is vertical, there is no need to shift the aggregate demand curve - it will only change prices and not output.
Neoclassical (1)
B. Policy should concentrate on minimizing cyclical unemployment.
Keynesian (2)
Explanation:
A Neoclassical economist would argue that the supply curve is vertical in the long run, indicating that changes in aggregate demand would only affect prices and not output.
According to Neoclassical theory, market forces operate efficiently and will bring the economy back to its potential output level in the long run. Therefore, there is no need for active demand-side policies to stimulate the economy.
On the other hand, a Keynesian economist would emphasize the importance of aggregate demand in determining output levels. They would argue that during economic downturns, there can be a significant gap between actual output and potential output, leading to unemployment.
Keynesians advocate for policies that focus on minimizing cyclical unemployment through government intervention, such as fiscal stimulus measures and monetary policy adjustments.
Keynesian economics emphasizes the role of aggregate demand in driving economic activity and the need for active policy intervention to address fluctuations in output and employment. Neoclassical economics, on the other hand, emphasizes the efficiency of market forces and the importance of supply-side factors in determining long-run growth.
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(a) Who is responsible for minimising the business risk of an organisation?
(b) Describe the auditor's responsibility with regard to business risk and financial statement assertions.
The responsibility for minimizing the business risk of an organization lies with its management team.
They are accountable for identifying, assessing, and managing risks that could impact the organization's operations, financial performance, and reputation.
The management team of an organization is responsible for minimizing business risk. This involves identifying potential risks, assessing their potential impact on the organization, and implementing measures to mitigate those risks. They need to develop risk management strategies, establish internal controls, and regularly monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of these measures. By actively managing business risk, the management team aims to protect the organization from potential harm, ensure the achievement of strategic objectives, and enhance overall performance.
Auditors play a crucial role in assessing the adequacy of an organization's risk management processes and the reliability of its financial statements. Their responsibility is to provide an independent and objective evaluation of the organization's financial reporting. Auditors assess financial statement assertions, such as the completeness, accuracy, and validity of financial information. They review internal controls implemented by management to identify any weaknesses or deficiencies that could increase business risk. By conducting an audit, auditors provide assurance to stakeholders that the financial statements present a true and fair view of the organization's financial position and performance and that the associated business risks have been appropriately addressed.
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Identify any high profile corporate bankruptcy attributable to derivative trading. Describe the events that created the problem. 7marks i. ii. Outline the lessons that can be learnt from the occurrence of such events.
One high-profile corporate bankruptcy attributable to derivative trading is the collapse of the energy trading giant Enron Corporation. Enron's downfall was primarily caused by aggressive and fraudulent accounting practices related to its trading of energy derivatives.
Enron engaged in complex financial transactions, using special purpose entities (SPEs) to hide debt and inflate profits. The company employed mark-to-market accounting, which allowed them to estimate the present value of future cash flows from derivative contracts. They used this method to report unrealized gains and manipulate their financial statements, misleading investors and creditors.
When Enron's fraudulent practices were exposed in 2001, investor confidence plummeted, leading to a loss of trust and liquidity. The company filed for bankruptcy, resulting in significant losses for shareholders, employees, and stakeholders.
The lessons learned from the Enron scandal include the importance of transparency and accurate financial reporting. Companies should provide clear and comprehensive disclosures regarding their derivative activities and avoid using complex structures to conceal debt. Additionally, regulatory bodies and auditors play a crucial role in ensuring compliance and preventing fraudulent practices. Robust internal controls, ethical corporate culture, and independent oversight are essential to prevent similar occurrences in the future.
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Which of the following statement regarding the role of corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions is false? O to promote sound and stable conventional as well as Islamic financial industry that can be globally competitive O to promote prudent and transparent practices in the management of Islamic financial institutions to protect the interest of all stakeholders including the investors, depositors and workers and the general public O to ensure the proper discharge of the corporate social responsibility role of the Islamic financial institutions
The false statement regarding the role of corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions is one of the given options.
The false statement among the options is "to promote sound and stable conventional as well as Islamic financial industry that can be globally competitive." This statement does not accurately reflect the role of corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions.
Corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions aims to promote prudent and transparent practices in their management to protect the interests of stakeholders, including investors, depositors, workers, and the general public. It emphasizes the importance of ethical behavior, accountability, and social responsibility.
The role of corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions is to ensure the proper discharge of their corporate social responsibility. This involves considering the social and environmental impact of their operations, promoting sustainable practices, and contributing to the welfare of society.
However, the promotion of a sound and stable conventional financial industry is not a primary objective of corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions. Islamic finance operates based on Sharia principles and has its distinct objectives and ethical framework. The focus is on providing financial services that comply with Islamic principles rather than competing with conventional finance on a global scale.
Therefore, the false statement is "to promote sound and stable conventional as well as Islamic financial industry that can be globally competitive."
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Explain the relationship between early ideologies of wealth
creation and the subsequent demographic diversity that exists in
Caribbean territories?
The relationship between early ideologies of wealth creation and the subsequent demographic diversity in Caribbean territories can be understood by examining the historical factors that shaped the region.
The Caribbean has a complex history influenced by colonization, slavery, indentured labor, and migration, which have all contributed to its diverse population.
Colonialism and Plantation Economy: During the colonial era, European powers established sugar, tobacco, and other cash crop plantations in the Caribbean. The primary goal was to extract wealth from the land and exploit the labor of enslaved Africans. This early ideology of wealth creation based on plantation agriculture led to the establishment of a rigid social hierarchy with Europeans as plantation owners and Africans as enslaved laborers. This system laid the foundation for demographic diversity as it brought together people from different continents, including Africa, Europe, and later, Asia.
African Slavery and African Diaspora: The transatlantic slave trade brought millions of Africans to the Caribbean as enslaved laborers. This forced migration resulted in a significant African presence in the region and contributed to the cultural, ethnic, and demographic diversity seen in Caribbean territories today. African cultural traditions, languages, and religions were preserved and evolved, shaping the unique identities of Caribbean nations.
Indentured Labor and Asian Migration: After the abolition of slavery, the need for labor in the Caribbean continued. Indentured laborers from South Asia (India, China) were brought in to work on plantations and in other industries. The arrival of indentured laborers further diversified the population and added elements of Asian culture and heritage to the Caribbean.
Post-Colonial Migration: Following the end of colonial rule, Caribbean territories experienced emigration and immigration. Economic opportunities, political instability, and family reunification prompted migration both within and outside the Caribbean. This movement of people has contributed to the ongoing demographic diversity in the region.
Overall, the early ideologies of wealth creation based on colonialism, plantation agriculture, and slavery set the stage for the diverse population seen in Caribbean territories today. The forced migration of enslaved Africans and the subsequent arrival of indentured laborers from Asia, as well as post-colonial migration, have all played a significant role in shaping the demographic diversity and cultural richness of the Caribbean. The historical legacy of these early ideologies continues to impact social structures, identities, and the cultural fabric of the region.
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Kayla wanted to open her own business. She spent a few hours putting together a marketing plan. The most likely reason why Kayla will not receive a loan would be when
she does not have a good idea for a business
she already has all of the capital needed to start
the bank officer does not like her dress
she does not develop a thorough business plan
A business plan is a comprehensive document that outlines a company's concept, target market, marketing plan, financial situation, management team, competition, and other important details. Therefore, the most likely reason Kayla will not receive a loan would be if she does not develop a thorough business plan.
Kayla has worked to put together her marketing plan and wants to start a business. The most likely reason Kayla will not receive a loan would be if she doesn't develop a thorough business plan.A marketing plan is only a portion of the entire package that a business loan officer considers when evaluating a request for a loan. The loan officer would look for the most comprehensive business plan possible as part of the process to determine if the loan should be granted to Kayla. The bank or lender requires a thorough business plan to show proof of what the money would be spent on, how it will be utilized, and what the expected profit and loss statement would be after the company begins to generate revenue.A business plan is a comprehensive document that outlines a company's concept, target market, marketing plan, financial situation, management team, competition, and other important details. Therefore, the most likely reason Kayla will not receive a loan would be if she does not develop a thorough business plan.
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A mutual fund has total assets outstanding of $120 million. During the year the fund was bought and sold assets equal to $17.25 million. The fund's turnover rate was -------.
The mutual fund's turnover rate for the given year was 28.75%
A mutual fund has total assets outstanding of $120 million.
During the year the fund was bought and sold assets equal to $17.25 million.
The fund's turnover rate was 14.38.
This figure was calculated by dividing the amount of sales and purchases by the average net assets.
A mutual fund's turnover rate refers to how often the assets inside the fund are bought and sold.
It is calculated by dividing the amount of sales and purchases by the average net assets in the fund.
The formula to calculate the turnover rate is:
Turnover rate = (Purchases + Sales) / Average Net Assets
Where,Purchases + Sales = Total Value of Assets Turned Over
Average Net Assets = (Beginning Net Assets + Ending Net Assets) / 2
Given,Total Assets Outstanding = $120 million
Amount of sales and purchases = $17.25 million
Turnover Rate = ?
The average net assets of the fund would be $120 million / 2 = $60 million
Turnover rate = ($17.25 million / $60 million) x 100
Turnover rate = 0.2875 x 100
Turnover rate = 28.75%
.
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Question 1: (20 marks)
Below are earnings per share for a firm. Year 0 earnings per share are the actual earnings per share this year. Year 1 and 2 earnings per share are forecasts produced by an analyst. The required rate of return is 8% and the firm has a target payout ratio of 50% for all the years.
Year 0
Year 1
Year 2
EPS
5.80
6.20
6.70
Required:
Calculate abnormal earnings growth (AEG) for Year 2 using a pro forma. (4 marks)
What is the long-term growth rate in abnormal earnings growth (AEG) implied by market price of $150. (4 marks)
Using the implied growth rate from part (b), calculate the market’s forecast of EPS for year 3. (8 marks)
In the context of investment decision-making, briefly discuss the issues fundamental investors face while calculating intrinsic value. Also, discuss how fundamental investors overcome those issues. (4 marks)
Abnormal earnings growth (AEG) for Year 2 is calculated using the pro forma method. The long-term growth rate in AEG implied by market price is found to be 6.67%.
The calculation of Abnormal Earnings Growth (AEG) for year 2 is given below: Year 0 EPS = 5.80 Year 1 EPS = 6.20, which is the forecast for the next year. Year 2 EPS = 6.70, which is the forecast for the following year. The Target payout ratio for all the years is 50%, and the required rate of return is 8%.The dividend payout ratio is calculated as follows: Dividend payout ratio = (EPS × target payout ratio) = (5.80 × 0.50) = 2.90. The dividend for year 1 is calculated using the following formula: Div1 = (Div0 + AEG) = (2.90 + AEG) Div2 = (Div1 + AEG) = (2.90 + AEG + AEG) = (2.90 + 2AEG)Now, using the Gordon growth model, we can calculate AEG as follows: AEG = (ROE - r) × BV1 = [6.20 × (1 - 0.50)] - 8% = 1.24% BV1 = (Div1 ÷ (r - g)) = [2.90 + AEG] ÷ (0.08 - 0.0124) = [2.90 + AEG] ÷ 0.0676 = 42.9556 + 6.67% = 49.6256% So, the abnormal earnings growth (AEG) for Year 2 is 6.67%.
The calculation of the long-term growth rate in AEG implied by the market price is given below: Market price of shares = $150 Required rate of return = 8% Dividend payout ratio = 50% Earnings per share (EPS) = $6.70 Dividend (D1) = (EPS × dividend payout ratio) = ($6.70 × 0.50) = $3.35 Price (P0) = (D1 ÷ (r - g)) = ($3.35 ÷ (0.08 - g)) = $150 0.08 - g = ($3.35 ÷ $150) = 0.0223 g = 0.0577 or 5.77% Hence, the long-term growth rate in AEG implied by the market price is 5.77%.
The calculation of market’s forecast of EPS for year 3 using the implied growth rate from part (b) is given below: Year 2 EPS = $6.70 Implied growth rate (g) = 5.77% Market’s forecast of EPS for year 3 (EPS3) = (EPS2 × (1 + g)) = ($6.70 × (1 + 0.0577)) = $7.09 Therefore, the market’s forecast of EPS for year 3 is $7.09.
Fundamental investors face several issues while calculating intrinsic value, including determining which financial ratios to use, selecting appropriate discount rates, and forecasting future cash flows. Additionally, estimating future growth rates and accurately predicting future earnings can be difficult. Fundamental investors can overcome these issues by conducting thorough research, using reliable sources of data, and employing a range of financial tools and techniques. Additionally, they can use historical data and trend analysis to make more accurate predictions about future trends and changes in the market.
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Direct governmental controls that influence the real estate market include
a. Taxes.
b. Monetary policy.
c. Building codes.
d. All of these.
The correct option is (d).
All of these.
Direct governmental controls that influence the real estate market include taxes, monetary policy, and building codes. These controls are implemented by governments to regulate and shape the real estate market, promote certain economic outcomes, ensure safety and quality standards, and generate revenue through taxation.
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Which of the following would not be considered a measure of compensatory damages? the cost to repair or replace an item the decrease in market value of an item compensation for medical expenses damages to deter others from engaging in similar conduct
The measure of damages is the total amount of the plaintiff's losses. There are two main types of damages: compensatory damages and punitive damages.
Compensatory damages are meant to compensate the plaintiff for any losses or injuries sustained as a result of the defendant's actions, whereas punitive damages are meant to punish the defendant for his or her wrongdoing. In this context, let's see which of the options would not be considered as a measure of compensatory damages:
Damages to deter others from engaging in similar conduct - This would not be considered a measure of compensatory damages because it falls under the category of punitive damages. Punitive damages are awarded to punish the defendant and deter others from engaging in similar conduct, rather than to compensate the plaintiff. Therefore, the main answer is - damages to deter others from engaging in similar conduct.
The other options mentioned in the question such as the cost to repair or replace an item, the decrease in market value of an item, and compensation for medical expenses, are all measures of compensatory damages as they are meant to compensate the plaintiff for his or her losses.
Compensatory damages are meant to compensate the plaintiff for any losses or injuries sustained as a result of the defendant's actions. This can include damages for medical expenses, lost wages, property damage, and other related costs. However, damages to deter others from engaging in similar conduct would fall under the category of punitive damages, which are meant to punish the defendant and deter others from engaging in similar conduct.
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The cash records of Carla Vista Company show the following.
For July:
1. The June 30 bank reconciliation indicated that deposits in transit total $ 780. During July, the general ledger account Cash shows deposits of $ 18,190, but the bank statement indicates that only $15,990 in deposits were received during the month.
2. The June 30 bank reconciliation also reported outstanding checks of $ 935. During the month of July, Carla Vista Company books show that $ 19,400 of checks were issued, yet the bank statement showed that $ 16,660 of checks cleared the bank in July.
For September:
3. In September, deposits per bank statement totaled $ 26,440, deposits per books were $ 26,260, and deposits in transit at September 30 were $ 2,710.
4. In September, cash disbursements per books were $ 23,350, checks clearing the bank were $ 24,110, and outstanding checks at September 30 were $ 2,400.
There were no bank debit or credit memoranda, and no errors were made by either the bank or Carla Vista Company.
(a) In situation 1, what were the deposits in transit on July 31?
(b) In situation 2, what were the outstanding checks on July 31?
(c) In situation 3, what were the deposits in transit on August 31?
(d) In situation 4, what were the outstanding checks on August 31?
The deposits in transit on July 31 were $2,200.
The outstanding checks on July 31 were $17,595.
The deposits in transit on August 31 were $2,530.
The outstanding checks on August 31 were $1,640.
(a) In situation 1, the deposits in transit on July 31 can be calculated by comparing the deposits per books and the deposits per bank statement for the month of July.
Deposits per books: $18,190
Deposits per bank statement: $15,990
Deposits in transit = Deposits per books - Deposits per bank statement
Deposits in transit = $18,190 - $15,990
Deposits in transit = $2,200
(b) In situation 2, the outstanding checks on July 31 can be calculated by comparing the outstanding checks at June 30 and the checks cleared by the bank in July.
Outstanding checks at June 30: $935
Checks cleared by the bank in July: $16,660
Outstanding checks = Outstanding checks at June 30 + Checks cleared by bank in July
Outstanding checks = $935 + $16,660
Outstanding checks = $17,595
(c) In situation 3, the deposits in transit on August 31 can be calculated by considering the deposits per books, deposits per bank statement, and the deposits in transit at September 30.
Deposits per books: $26,260
Deposits per bank statement: $26,440
Deposits in transit at September 30: $2,710
Deposits in transit = Deposits per books + Deposits in transit at September 30 - Deposits per bank statement
Deposits in transit = $26,260 + $2,710 - $26,440
Deposits in transit = $2,530
(d) In situation 4, the outstanding checks on August 31 can be calculated by considering the cash disbursements per books, checks clearing the bank, and the outstanding checks at September 30.
Cash disbursements per books: $23,350
Checks clearing the bank: $24,110
Outstanding checks at September 30: $2,400
Outstanding checks = Outstanding checks at September 30 + Cash disbursements per books - Checks clearing the bank
Outstanding checks = $2,400 + $23,350 - $24,110
Outstanding checks = $1,640
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the united states will have a trade deficit in which of the following scenarios? A. Imports into the US are greater than domestic consumption.
B. U.S. imports are greater than U.S. exports.
C. spending by American households, businesses, and government is less than U.S. GDP.
D. spending on the American goods and services is less than U.S. GDP.
A trade deficit occurs when the value of a country's imports is higher than the value of its exports. As a result, the United States will have a trade deficit when U.S. imports are greater than U.S. exports. option B is the right answer. This is the correct option of the four given choices.
The trade deficit refers to the difference between the value of goods and services that a country exports and the value of goods and services that it imports. If a country's exports exceed its imports, it has a trade surplus, and if imports exceed exports, it has a trade deficit.A trade deficit is not necessarily a negative occurrence. Countries engage in international trade to obtain goods and services that they cannot produce on their own or can produce more effectively or at a lower cost than others. As a result, a trade deficit indicates that a country is importing goods and services that are more beneficial or cost-effective than what it can generate domestically.The United States has been running trade deficits for several years, primarily due to its reliance on imported oil and its trade deficit with China. The United States has the world's largest economy and is a significant importer of products and services, thus having a trade deficit is a typical feature of a high-income nation that consumes a lot of foreign-made goods.
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If criminal activity takes place in the upper management of a company, and it is properly reported to the authorities, does upper management have an ethical obligation to tell lower-level employees about the actions taken by the upper man
Upper management has an ethical obligation to inform lower-level employees about criminal activity within the company if it directly affects their working environment, safety, or well-being.
The extent and timing of disclosure should be carefully considered to avoid unnecessary panic, reputational harm, or obstruction of the legal process.
Ethically, upper management has a responsibility to promote transparency, honesty, and accountability within the organization. When criminal activity occurs within the upper management, it can have significant implications for the company and its employees. In such cases, if the criminal activity poses a direct threat to the well-being, safety, or rights of the lower-level employees, it is ethically appropriate for upper management to inform them about the actions taken by the authorities.
However, the decision to disclose such information should be made with caution. It is crucial to balance the need for transparency with legal considerations, ongoing investigations, and potential harm to the company's reputation. In some cases, premature disclosure can interfere with legal proceedings or create unnecessary panic among employees. Therefore, it is essential for upper management to work closely with legal counsel and communicate information in a responsible manner, ensuring that employees' rights and the integrity of the investigation are respected.
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On January 2, 2019, Riverside Hospital purchased a $106,000 special radiology scanner from Faital Inc. The scanner has a useful life of five years and will have no disposal value at the end of its useful life. The straight-line method of depreciation is used on this scanner. Annual operating costs with this scanner are $105,300. Approximately one year later, the hospital is approached by Alliant Technology salesperson Jinsil Soon, who indicates that purchasing the scanner in 2019 from Faital was a mistake. She points out that Alliant has a scanner that will save Riverside Hospital $26,300 a year in operating expenses over its four-year useful life. She notes that the new scanner will cost $120,500 and has the same capabilities as the scanner purchased last year. The hospital agrees that both scanners are of equal quality. The new scanner will have no disposal value. Alliant agrees to buy the old scanner from Riverside Hospital for $59,100. (a) Your answer is correct. Assume Riverside Hospital sells its old scanner on January 2, 2020. Calculate the gain or loss on the sale. If Riverside Hospital sells its old scanner it incurs a loss V of $ 25700 i (b) Using incremental analysis, determine whether Riverside Hospital should purchase the new scanner on January 2, 2020. (If an amount reduces the net income then enter with a negative sign preceding the number e.g. -15,000 or parenthesis, e.g. (15,000).)
Riverside Hospital incurred a loss of $25,700 on selling their old scanner. Based on incremental analysis, it is recommended that they purchase the new scanner from Alliant Technology on January 2, 2020.
The loss incurred on selling the old scanner can be calculated by subtracting the book value of the scanner from the selling price. The book value can be calculated by taking the original cost of the scanner and depreciating it for one year using the straight-line method.
This gives a book value of $100,800 ((106,000/5) * 1). Subtracting the book value from the selling price of $59,100 gives a loss of $25,700.
To determine whether Riverside Hospital should purchase the new scanner, incremental analysis can be used. This involves comparing the total costs of both scanners and choosing the option with the lowest total cost.
The total cost of the old scanner for four years is $437,200 ($106,000 + 4*$105,300). The total cost of the new scanner is $485,200 ($120,500 + 4*$98,000).
Subtracting the total cost of the old scanner from the total cost of the new scanner shows a difference of $48,000. Since this cost is negative, it indicates that purchasing the new scanner will result in a net cost savings of $48,000 over four years.
Therefore, it is recommended that Riverside Hospital purchase the new scanner from Alliant Technology.
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Before the internet and hundreds of television channels existed B2C marketers who created new and useful products (innovations) were often able to succeed without careful segmentation and targeting. Instead, these marketers basically just threw their messages out there without much if any target. This type of target marketing is called: Historic marketing. Shotgun marketing. Strategic marketing. Innovation-based marketing. O Old School marketing.
The type of target marketing described in the scenario is commonly referred to as Shotgun Marketing.
Shotgun marketing refers to a mass marketing approach where marketers broadcast their messages to a wide audience without specific targeting or segmentation. In the past, when there were limited advertising channels and less competition, marketers relied on reaching a broad audience in the hopes of capturing the attention of potential customers. They would "shoot" their marketing messages like a shotgun, hoping that some of the pellets hit the target.
However, with the evolution of technology, increased competition, and changing consumer behavior, shotgun marketing has become less effective. The rise of the internet, social media, and other digital platforms has enabled marketers to reach specific target audiences more efficiently and cost-effectively.
Today, strategic marketing is widely recognized as a more effective approach. Strategic marketing involves carefully identifying and segmenting target markets based on factors such as demographics, psychographics, behavior, and needs. By understanding their target audience and tailoring marketing messages and strategies accordingly, companies can increase their chances of success and maximize their return on investment.
Innovation-based marketing refers to a different concept, where marketers focus on promoting the unique and innovative features of their products or services. While it can be an important aspect of marketing, it does not directly address the issue of targeting and segmentation.
Old School marketing is a more general term that could encompass various traditional marketing practices, including shotgun marketing, but it doesn't specifically describe the lack of targeting.
Therefore, of the options provided, shotgun marketing is the most appropriate term for the type of target marketing described in the scenario.
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Machine Inc. purchased a 100% business-use asset for $2,156,119 in 2020. The asset has a 5-year MACRS GDS recovery period and is depreciated under MACRS GDS (no SL election). The asset was placed in service on March 1, 2020. In addition to the above asset (5-year asset), Machine Inc. also purchased and placed in service a 7-year asset for $10,432,154 on Sept. 1, 2020. Machine Inc. did not elect Section 179 expensing and elected out of Section 168(k) bonus depreciation. What is Machine Inc.'s 2020 depreciation deduction for the 5-year asset? X (no answer) Correct Answer: 431,224
In order to determine Machine Inc.'s 2020 depreciation deduction for the 5-year asset, we can use the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) which is a depreciation system that is used for tax purposes and stands for Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System. It is an asset depreciation method that allows for greater deductions in the earlier years of an asset’s life and lesser deductions in later years.
According to the question;Machine Inc. purchased a 100% business-use asset for $2,156,119 in 2020.The asset has a 5-year MACRS GDS recovery period and is depreciated under MACRS GDS (no SL election).The asset was placed in service on March 1, 2020. Machine Inc. did not elect Section 179 expensing and elected out of Section 168(k) bonus depreciation.We can determine the annual depreciation of the asset using the MACRS tables provided by the IRS. The five-year asset will have to be depreciated using the half-year convention as it was placed in service in March. The half-year convention means that the asset is considered to be placed in service in the middle of the year; therefore, only half of the year's depreciation is allowed in the first and last year of the asset's useful life.
Hence, the 5-year asset will have six years of depreciation.Here's the calculation below:First-year depreciation = (2.56%) x (2,156,119) = $55,163.36Second-year depreciation = (4.915%) x (2,156,119) = $105,798.10Third-year depreciation = (4.915%) x (2,156,119) = $105,798.10Fourth-year depreciation = (4.915%) x (2,156,119) = $105,798.10Fifth-year depreciation = (4.915%) x (2,156,119) = $105,798.10Sixth-year depreciation = (2.46%) x (2,156,119) = $52,899.05Total depreciation = $55,163.36 + $105,798.10 + $105,798.10 + $105,798.10 + $105,798.10 + $52,899.05= $531,254.81Machine Inc.'s 2020 depreciation deduction for the 5-year asset is equal to the first-year depreciation multiplied by the number of days the asset was used in 2020. In this case, the asset was used for 306 days in 2020 (March 1 to December 31).Therefore;Depreciation deduction for 5-year asset = $55,163.36 x (306/365) = $46,060.64Note: It is important to note that Machine Inc. did not elect Section 179 expensing and elected out of Section 168(k) bonus depreciation, meaning that there were no immediate deductions for the assets. They were deducted using MACRS GDS over the period of their useful lives.
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If the Federal Reserve lowers interest rates, what will happen to the government budget deficit? (Hint: What will happen to tax receipts and interest expenses?) If the government wants to offset the effects of the Fed’s actions on aggregate demand, what might it do? How will this action affect the deficit?
Interest rate cut by the Federal Bank: The level of investment in an economy rises when the Federal Bank lowers the interest rate. An increase in investment levels boosts output, employment, and income levels. As income levels rise, government revenue rises as well, which lowers the budget deficit.
Government's Initiatives: The aggregate demand for an economy rises as income levels rise. The Federal Bank adopts a contractionary monetary policy as the overall demand rises by raising the tax rate and lowering spending. This causes the level of investment, employment, output, or income to decline. Income declines, which in turn reduces aggregate demand.
Effects on the Budget Deficit : By raising the tax rate and cutting government spending, overall spending is decreased and government revenue is increased. The fiscal deficit would decrease as a result.
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Simmonds Products has spent $258,000 (sunk cost) on research to develop lowfat imitation wine. The firm is planning to spend $300,000 on a machine, shipping cost of $60,000 and installation costs of $40,000 for the machine. CAPEX will be capitalized and depreciated via straight-line over 5-years. The machine will not require a change in inventory levels, however account receivables will increase by $20,000, while account payables will increase by $15,000. The required rate of return is 14 percent, the tax rate is 25 percent and ROE is 18 percent. Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization, EBITDA, is expected to be $270,000 per year for years 1 through 7. a. Find the initial investment, CFO, for the imitation lowfat wine project. b. Find annual depreciation. c. Find free cash flow (FCF) for year 3.
a. Initial investment:
Initial Investment = $258,000 + $300,000 + $60,000 + $40,000 = $658,000.
CFO (Cash Flow from Operations)
CFO represents the cash inflow and outflow from the normal operations of the business.
So, we need to calculate net income first.
To calculate net income, we need to consider depreciation and taxes.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) is given as $270,000 per year from year 1 through 7.
So, EBITDA for year 3 = $270,000.
Depreciation per year = Total depreciation / Number of years = $300,000 / 5 = $60,000 per year.
Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) = EBITDA - Depreciation = $270,000 - $60,000 = $210,000.
Taxes = 25% of taxable income = 25% of ($210,000 - $60,000) = $37,500.
Net income = EBIT - Taxes = $210,000 - $37,500 = $172,500.
Cash Flow from Operations (CFO) = Net Income + Depreciation = $172,500 + $60,000 = $232,500.
Initial Investment: $658,000
CFO: $232,500
b. Annual Depreciation:
Annual Depreciation = Total Depreciation / Number of Years= $300,000 / 5= $60,000 per year.
Annual Depreciation: $60,000 per year.
c. Free Cash Flow for year 3:
Free cash flow (FCF) for a year is calculated as follows:
FCF = Cash from Operations - Capital Expenditure
FCF for year 3 = CFO - Capital Expenditure
FCF for year 3 = CFO - (Machine cost + Shipping cost + Installation cost) + Increase in Accounts Receivables - Increase in Accounts Payables
FCF for year 3 = $232,500 - ($300,000 + $60,000 + $40,000) + $20,000 - $15,000
FCF for year 3 = $232,500 - $420,000 + $20,000 - $15,000FCF for year 3 = -$182,500
Initial investment was $658,000.
Annual Depreciation: $60,000 per year.
Free cash flow for year 3: -$182,500.
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