Elephants are large herbivores that are found primarily in grasslands in East Africa.
Millions of other animals from multiple species depend on these grasses as a food source. For the grassland community, elephants can be considered - a keystone species
Elephants are the most important existing land animals. three residing species are currently identified: the African bush elephant, the African woodland elephant, and the Asian elephant. they're the only surviving contributors of the own family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea.
Elephants are especially clever creatures. they have got the biggest mind of any land animal and 3 times as many neurons as people. while many of these neurons exist to control the elephant's large and dexterous frame, those creatures have verified their superb mental competencies time and time again. elephants represent information, safety, electricity, and (you guessed it) correct good fortune! In Hinduism, the elephant is a symbol of Ganesha, the god of success, fortune, and safety. by way of bringing elephant figures into your own home, you could invite their high-quality energies.
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which of the following represents the correct order (from top to bottom) of the five sections of the vertebrae?
The correct order of five sections of vertebrae is cervical, thoracic, coccyx, sacrum, lumbar
The spine is made up of 33 bones, or vertebrae, that are split into five portions by the sacrum and coccyx, as well as the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine sections.
The cervical region of the spine consists of the atlas and axis, the top two vertebrae, also known as the joints that attach the cranium to the spine. The cervical region is in charge of the neck's movement and proper operation as well as the protection of the spinal cord, arteries, and nerves that connect the brain to the rest of the body.
The thoracic region of the spine is situated between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae at chest level. The rib cage is attached to the vertebrae in this area, which are designated T1 through T12.
The lumbar region is situated between the sacrum and the thoracic vertebrae. The primary weight-bearing portion of the spinal column is made up of the five lumbar vertebrae, which are numbered L1 to L5.
The part of the spine closest to the bottom is called the sacrum. Due to the fusion of its five levels, S1 to S5, it lacks discs that separate the vertebrae. At the sacrum portion, the pelvis and spinal column are joined.
The coccyx, which is made up of four fused vertebrae, is located at the very base of the spinal column.
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Scientists studying rock layers classify the top layer as the most recent, followed by older layers that are uncovered as they dig
deeper. Which law explains this method of relative dating?
A. law of geologic continuity
B. law of lateral continuity
C. law of superposition
D. law of universal position
Answer: C
Explanation:
MPF is a dimer consisting of _____.A) a growth factor and mitotic factorB) ATP synthetase and a proteaseC) cyclin and tubulinD) cyclin and a cyclin-dependent kinase
MPF is a dimer consisting of growth factor A and mitotic factor B ATP from BIOL 101 at Fraser University growth factor and mitotic factor synthetase.
What about a cyclin and cyclin tubulin protease and a cyclin-dependent kinase? blakemicah2855 is waiting for your help. MPF stands for Maturation Promoting Factor. It is a protein complex that activates the targets necessary to push the cell through the cell cycle. What are the three parts of the maturation promoting factor? During mitosis, the MPF is turned off. During anaphase, active MPF activates another APC protein complex. APC causes the M cyclins to be destroyed, which inactivates MPF and allows the new daughter cells to exit mitosis towards G1.
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although ryan and mike are brothers, different hemispheres of their brains are dominant. ryan is an artist and his hemisphere dominates and mike is a pre-pharmacy major and his hemisphere dominates. group of answer choices temporal, frontal representational, categorical superior, inferior limbic; caudate occipital, insular
The brain is an extraordinarily complex organ composed of billions of interconnected neurons and glia. It is a bilateral, or two-sided, structure that can be divided into distinct lobes.
The basis for our thoughts and behaviors is laid through interactions between the many parts of the brain, each of which is linked to specific types of functions. The gyri and sulci that cover the surface of the brain. A deep sulcus is referred to as a fissure, such the longitudinal fissure that separates the left and right hemispheres of the brain. The corpus callosum allows communication between the two hemispheres and allows one side of the brain to share information being processed by the other.
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Question 30.
Infer from the data in the diagram above how scientist classify organisms from the same species
Mexican wolves are little, have robust muscles, and are diminutive. They are curious about their other traits in addition to their white fur. Therefore, scientists first identify before classifying. Therefore, they have determined that they have small organisms and thick muscles in the proper places. As a result, they will first separate the wolves into little Mexican wolves and larger wolves will immediately be exterminated from this species.
How do scientists classify organisms of the same species?
Molecular commonalities serve as the primary basis for modern scientific classification. They put creatures with comparable DNA and proteins together. Organisms are connected because of molecular commonalities. In other words, they share a common ancestor from the distant past.
Why do we classify organisms?
The taxonomy of organisms is crucial for understanding the diversity of living things and recognizing different types of creatures. Classifications facilitate learning about a wide range of various plants and animals, as well as their characteristics and similarities.
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which of the following is the major means of propelling the bolus and chyme through the digestive tract? A} ) swallowing B) churning C) peristalsis D) segmentation
The major means of propelling the bolus and chyme through the digestive tract is peristalsis
The smooth muscles of the human gastrointestinal tract contract and relax involuntarily in waves, which is known as peristalsis. A peristaltic wave is created by these alternating contractions and relaxations, which forces the food through the digestive system's esophagus. The peristaltic movement pushes the food forward and prevents it from traveling backward.Food is moved through the digestive tract by a sequence of wave-like muscle contractions called peristalsis. The process begins in the esophagus, where powerful waves of smooth muscle transport balls of swallowed food to the stomach.
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Which of the following describes the cell wall of plants and prokaryotes?A) The cell wall is a matrix composed mainly of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and proteins.
B) The cell wall is composed of phospholipid bilayer with proteins spread throughout.
C) The cell wall has regions of cholesterol and unsaturated phospholipids.
D) The cell wall is composed of glucose and other monosaccharides.
Answer:
A. The cell wall is a matrix composed mainly of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and proteins.
Explanation:
A major role of cell wall is to form the framework for the cell so it can prevent over expansion
Answer:
A. The cell wall is a matrix composed mainly of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and proteins.
Explanation:
A cancer cell line was identified as having an increased expression of telomerase. Which of the following would be the BEST treatment that could prevent this cell line from dividing indefinitely?Select one:A. A drug that increases the levels of telomerase expression.B. A drug that inhibits a tumor-suppressor gene in the cell line.C. A drug that allows the telomerase to be expressed but at lower levels.D. A drug that repairs the mutation within the coding region of the telomerase.E. A drug that methylates the promoter of the telomerase gene.
Option E is correct i.e. A drug that methylates the promoter of the telomerase gene, A cancer cell line was identified as having an increased expression of telomerase treatment that could prevent this cell line from dividing indefinitely.
Cancer is a group of diseases that can infiltrate or spread to various parts of the body as a result of aberrant cell proliferation. These are the opposite of benign tumor, which don't move. Potential warning signs and symptoms include a lump, unusual bleeding, a persistent cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel habits. These cancerous symptoms might exist, but there might also be other causes. More than 100 different cancers can affect humans. Tobacco use is linked to 22% of cancer-related deaths. An additional 10% of instances are caused by obesity, a poor diet, inactivity, or excessive alcohol use. Ionizing radiation exposure, certain illnesses, and environmental toxins are some other issues. 15% of cancer cases in developing nations are caused by infections such Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human papillomavirus infection, Epstein-Barr virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These components have some effect on a cell's genes. Numerous genetic changes are often required before cancer appears. Malignancies are caused by inherited genetic defects in 5–10% of cases.
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polar molecules cannot easily pass through the cell membrane, but hydrophobic molecules can easily pass through the membrane. the two molecules shown in the diagram both have effects that include raising blood pressure. comparing two molecules, which statement is true?
Ephedrine can be easily pass with the cell membrane more than the epinephrine. Option (A) is Correct.
In reaction to stress, the adrenal medulla releases the hormone epinephrine, which is mediated via sympathetic fibers. Because the gland sits atop the kidney, the word "epinephrine" derives from the Greek words "epi," which means "above," and "nephros," which means kidney. Due to the name of its gland, epinephrine is also known as adrenaline.
For this reason, epinephrine and norepinephrine receptors are often referred to as adrenergic receptors. Based on how the adrenergic receptors responded to epinephrine, norepinephrine, and the adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, Ahlquist classified the adrenergic receptors as either or in 1948. Compared to the receptors, the receptors react to significantly lower amounts of epinephrine or norepinephrine. While epinephrine and norepinephrine affect 1 receptors in roughly similar amounts, 2 receptors are more responsive to epinephrine. Phenoxybenzamine and propanolol both inhibit the receptors.
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Correct Question :
organisms require a variety of chemical nutrients, such as ______, which are components of proteins, nucleic acids, and atp
According to the research, the correct answer is nitrogenous. Organisms require a variety of chemical nutrients, such as nitrogenous, which are components of proteins, nucleic acids, and atp.
What are Nitrogenous compounds?These are part of the amino acids that can be synthesized from nitrogenous metabolites, being essential macronutrients that are part of biomolecules.
In this sense, this compound is essential in nucleic acids forming part of the nitrogenous bases and at the body level of proteins that have an important nutritional function, forming the main nitrogenous intake of the organism.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, Nitrogenous compounds are chemical components of proteins, nucleic acids, and atp, which play an important role in our body.
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When a signal needs to be sent to most cells throughout a multicellular organism, the signal most suited for this is a A. hormone. B. dissolved gas. C. second messengers like calcium ions. D. neurotransmitter.
The hormonal signal is most suited when a signal needs to be sent to most cells throughout a multicellular organism.
Endocrine glands create hormones, which are vital chemical messengers that are important for cell signaling. These messenger molecules go through the bloodstream to their intended target cell, where they trigger the necessary reaction.
While hormone responses are slower than electrical signals, they nonetheless have a significant impact on a variety of organs and systems. As an illustration, electrical signals can open or close sodium/potassium channels, which results in ionic differences in the cells and prompts rapid responses like movement or changes in blood pressure. Meanwhile, hormonal responses regulate more sophisticated systems and complicated processes like pregnancy.
The term "neurotransmitter" is inaccurate because the majority of impulses in the bodies of multicellular creatures are transmitted by hormones. Therefore, this cannot be the right response. Because dissolved gases cannot carry cell signals, the statement "dissolved gases" is false.
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For sneaky snakes, being rude (R) is dominant to being respectful (r). Complete the cross below, and determine the phenotype (dominant : recessive) ratio.
(PUNNETT SQUARE)
... R r
r #1 #2
r #3 #4
2 (#5) : 2 (#6)
Column A
1.__#1
2.__#2
3.__#3
4.__#4
5.__#5
6.__#6
Column B
a.sneaky
b.Rr
c.sweet
d.RR
e.rude
f.respectful
g.rr
The male snake will have genotype RRSS, in accordance with the question, whereas the female snake will have genotype rrss.
The four identical gametes that the male snake produces will contain the genetic combination "RS," whereas the four identical gametes that the female snake produces will have the genetic combination "rs."
Attached is a cross that shows the genotypes of their progeny.
The "Punnett square diagram" makes it evident that all of their offspring will have the genotype "RrSs," which simply implies that all of their offspring will be heterozygous dominant and, as a result, phenotypically rude and cunning. Additionally, it suggests that there will be no kids with the rrss genotype, which might make it receptive and sincere, making the chance zero.
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According to the question, the female snake will have genotype rrss, whereas the male snake will have genotype RRSS.
The genetic combination "RS" will be present in the four identical gametes that the male snake produces, whereas "rs" will be present in the four identical gametes that the female snake produces.
A cross that displays the genotypes of their offspring is attached.
The genotype "RrSs" simply denotes that all of their offspring will be heterozygous dominant and, as a result, phenotypically rude and cunning. The "Punnett square diagram" makes it clear that all of their progeny will have this genotype. Additionally, it implies that there won't be any offspring with the rrss gene, which may make them receptive and truthful, effectively eliminating the possibility.
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which of the following statements about protein synthesis is correct? all of the information in dna codes for proteins. the mrna formed by transcription of a region of dna only contains information for the protein to be synthesized. both strands of dna are transcribed to form mrna. the rna formed by transcription of dna undergoes splicing and further modifications to form mrna.
The correct option is D ; The RNA formed by transcription of DNA undergoes splicing and further modifications to form mrna.
The statement "The RNA generated by DNA transcription undergoes splicing and other changes to form mRNA" about protein synthesis is valid.
In biology, protein synthesis is the process through which cells produce proteins, which includes the phases of replication, transcription, and translation.
Translation refers to the process of synthesis of proteins based on the sequence of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Ribosome molecules catalyze the translation process.
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Which of the following statements about protein synthesis is correct?
a) All the information in DNA codes for proteins
b) The mRNA formed by transcription of a region of DNA only contains information for the protein to be synthesised.
c) Both strands of DNA are transcribed to form mRNA.
d) The RNA formed by transcription of DNA undergoes splicing and further modifications to form
11. A 55-year-old male patient has blood pressure of 150 / 95 mm Hg for more than 15
years. Which of the following cellular alterations can be seen in this heart?
a) Atrophy
b) Hyperplasia
c) Metaplasia
d) Hemosiderosis
e) Hypertrophy
Answer:
Metaplasia ia the answer
Option C
One of the biggest concerns for vegetarians is not getting enough of certain nutrients. Which of the following is usually NOT considered a nutritional concern for vegetarians?A. vitamin DB. vitamin CC. vitamin ED. vitamin B12
Except for vitamin E, the following nutrients should be avoided in vegetarian diets: vitamin B(12), vitamin D, calcium, iron, and zinc.
Vegetarians display a wide range of dietary behaviors, which are frequently characterized by what is excluded from the diet. Although a vegetarian diet can contain all of these elements in amounts that match current guidelines, using supplements and fortified foods is a helpful defense against deficiency. In general, a vegetarian diet has a low consumption of saturated fat and cholesterol and a high intake of dietary fiber and several phytochemicals that are good for your health. Increased diet of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and different soy products will help with this. Vegetarians often have lower serum levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as a lower body mass index.
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which of the following populations should take precautions to maintain hydration in warm environments because their sweat rates are much lower in general?
Adolescent populations should take extra efforts to stay hydrated in hot situations since they often perspire far less than adults do.
Why are precautions necessary?Standard safety measures are designed to lessen the danger of spreading demon's souls and other diseases from both known and unknown sources. These are the fundamental measures of infection control that must be taken, at the very least, when caring for all patients.
What does the word "precaution" mean?Advance preparation: foresight stressed the need for prudence. : an action made in advance to stop damage or ensure a good: safeguard. adopt the appropriate safety measures.
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Need this asp
Nucleotides contain sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. Which of the following is a nitrogen base? (1 point)
A. ribose
B. tyrosine
C. deoxyribose
D. guanine
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Guanine is a nitrogen base
what is the charge on dna at ph 8? which functional group is responsible for the charge? 8) what factors affect the rate of migration through an agarose gel? 9) describe the purpose of the two different types of dyes used in agarose gel electrophoresis. 10) explain how different dna fragments are separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. use a sketch to show which fragments will appear closer to the bottom of the gel (farther from the wells), and which will appear closer to the top of the gel (closer to the wells).
DNA's phosphate backbone has a negative charge as a result of links formed between the phosphorus and oxygen atoms. A phosphate group, which is part of the DNA structure, contains one negatively charged oxygen atom, which is what causes the DNA strand as a whole to be negatively charged.
What does a DNA's charge look like?The negatively charged nature of DNA causes it to move toward the positively charged electrode when an electric current is supplied to the gel.
At pH 7, how is DNA charged?DNA is net negatively charged at a pH of 7.0. This occurs as a result of a phosphodiester bond connecting the ribose present in the DNA molecule. The net charge of this phosphate group is negative.
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the p wave and subsequent atrial contraction are evident during the blank phase of the cardiac cycle.
The p wave and subsequent atrial contraction can be seen during the cardiac cycle's Ventricular Ejection phase.
What is cardiac called?Cardiovascular (CV) - Having to do with the circulation system's heart and blood vessels. Heart and blood vessel disorders are collectively referred to as cardiovascular disease (CVD) (vascular system). may also be referred to as cardiac may also be referred to as cardiac disease.
What is difference between heart and cardiac?In conclusion, a heart attack and a cardiac arrest are two distinct medical conditions. A cardiac arrest occurs when the entire heart stops beating, as opposed to a heart attack, that happens when the blood supply to a portion of the heart is cut off.
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Hemophilia is a genetic blood disorder that is common in descendants of Queen Victoria. Although several women in the family were carriers of the allele for the disorder, only men ended up actually expressing the disorder.
Which statement is true about the inheritance of hemophilia?
Responses
A. It's a recessive trait on the Y chromosome.
B. It's a dominant trait on the Y chromosome.
C. It's a recessive trait on the X chromosome.
D. It's a dominant trait on the X chromosome
The statement which is true about the inheritance of hemophilia is that it is a recessive trait on the X chromosome. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is Hemophilia?Hemophilia may be defined as an inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly. This can lead to spontaneous bleeding as well as bleeding following injuries or surgery.
Hemophilia is significantly caused by the lack of clotting factor VIII or IX in the blood. In most cases, hemophilia is passed down through families (inherited). Most of the time, it is passed to male children. Several women in the family were carriers of the allele for the disorder, only men ended up actually expressing the disorder.
Therefore, the statement which is true about the inheritance of hemophilia is that it is a recessive trait on the X chromosome. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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Answer:
C. It's a recessive trait on the X chromosome.
Explanation:
took test n got 100
3. Identify the best data transformation in each of the following examples:
(a) Comparing harvest (in kg) of different grain crops from a farm:
(b) Comparing amount of water loss from different plant species:
(a) Comparing harvest (in kg) of different grain crops from a farm:
The best data transformation, in this case, would be to use a bar chart or a line chart to display the data. These types of charts are well-suited for comparing the values of different categories (in this case, the different grain crops) and can clearly show the differences in harvest between the crops.
(b) Comparing amount of water loss from different plant species:
The best data transformation, in this case, would be to use a bar chart or a line chart to display the data. These types of charts are well-suited for comparing the values of different categories (in this case, the different plant species) and can clearly show the differences in water loss between the species. Alternatively, a scatter plot could also be used to display the data, allowing for the relationship between the amount of water loss and the type of plant to be visualized.
A virus mutates, and therefore it has which of the following traits of living things?
Viruses are contagious organisms that exhibit both living and nonliving traits. The ability to replicate and mutation are two aspects of life that viruses possess, but only in living host cells.
A mutation is a change to an organism's DNA sequence. Errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations. Somatic mutations (which happen in body cells) cannot be passed on to offspring, whereas germline mutations (which happen in eggs and sperm) can. Our cells are constantly undergoing mutations, yet very few of these have any negative effects on our health. Compared to what we typically see in science fiction movies, this is completely different.
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What increases rate of protein synthesis?; What controls the rate of protein synthesis?; What organelle has a high rate of protein synthesis?; What is protein synthesis rate?
For boosting protein synthesis, timing of protein ingestion is crucial. Consuming protein right after after working out boosts protein synthesis, however waiting even two hours dampens the reaction.
Translation initiation controls, in part, the rate of protein synthesis by interacting with a 40S ribosomal subunit to bind the initiator tRNA (met-tRNAi) and messenger RNA (mRNA). Protein synthesis can become constrained by the met-tRNAi or mRNA binding steps, respectively.
The crucial cell organelles involved in protein synthesis are called ribosomes. The proper operation of the cell depends on proteins. Proteins and RNA found in ribosomes assist in translating genetic code into proteins. The two subunits of ribosomes are smaller and larger subunits.
In conclusion, human basal fractional protein synthesis rates for muscle, tendon, bone, cartilage, ligament, and menisci range from 0.02 to 0.13% per hour.
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osteon bone structure
The basic functional unit of a great deal of compact bone is known as the osteon or haversian system (named after Clopton Havers).
Structure of osteon bone:The crucial roles of osteons in bone dynamics are introduced, along with an illustration of their hierarchical structure. Next, the emphasis is placed on the cellular modeling and remodeling of osteons as well as the turnover of osteons in response to mechanical strain and aging. A number of modern bioengineering techniques that have been created to mimic the structure of the osteon are also highlighted. Statement of the impact Recent developments in osteons, particularly their roles in bone formation, remodeling, and regeneration, are fully summarized in this review. We explain the cellular modeling and remodeling of osteons in addition to introducing their hierarchical structure and essential roles.To learn more about Osteon refer to:
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which statement accurately describes the term biodiversity?
The total number of different species is an area.
The total size of a population of a single species.
The number of trophic levels in a food web.
The statement the total number of different species in an area accurately describes the term biodiversity (option a).
What is biodiversity?Biodiversity refers to all variations both genetic and phenotypic in the individuals that form the community for a particular geographic area, which is fundamental to maintaining the homeostasis of the ecosystem and its loss may lead to irreversible changes in the environment.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the term biodiversity is used to denote all types of variations in the individuals that conform to a community for a particular region.
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24. Location of RNA translation. Golgi apparatus or nucleus Rough ER or cytoplasm Mitochondria or nucleus Golgi apparatus or cytoplasm Plasma membrane or Smooth ER
Answer:
nucleus Rough ER
Explanation:
translation can occur either in the cytoplasm or on the rough ER
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What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?; What is the cellular process of mitochondria?; What is the function of mitochondria in cells apex?; What is the function of mitochondria NCBI?
A cell organelle having a membrane is a mitochondria. It is a location for cellular respiration and metabolic activities that produce energy.
Cellular respiration is a component of a metabolic process that splits the glucose sugar molecule to produce energy in the form of ATP. Krebs' cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis are all components of cellular respiration.The cellular respiration activities take place in the mitochondria of the cell, where the oxygen-rich environment causes the sugar-like glucose to break down into an energy molecule. As waste and byproducts, it also emits water and carbon dioxide.So, go with option A. The mitochondrion of the cell is where the process of cellular respiration takes place.The Mitochondria are where the process takes place.As a result, the reactant in photosynthesis is a byproduct of cellular respiration, which is the link between cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
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What are 2 stages of cell division?; What are the 2 main stages of mitosis called?; What are the 2 main stages of meiosis?; What is the division of two cells called?
Answer:
1. interphase and the mitotic (M) phase.
2. the two daughter ells made
Explanation:
Lesson 13 Review Questions Directions: Answer each of the following questions. 1. List five traits that are shared by all mammals, including the two traits that are used to define the mammal class. 2. Describe how mammals stay warm. 3. What is the function of sweating? 4. What are alveoli? What is their function? 5. What are the functions of the uterus and vagina in therian mammals? 6. What is the placenta? What is its role? 7. Where does a marsupial embryo develop? How is it nourished? 8. Describe eggs and egg laying in monotremes. 9. How does lactation differ in monotremes and therian mammals? 10. What were the synapsids? When were they most widespread? 11. Identify the therapsids. How were they related to mammals? 12. Outline the evolution of monotreme, marsupial, and placental mammals.
They are one of the three groups of living mammals, along with placentals and marsupials..
What human trait is shared by all mammals?All mammals (including humans) have the same distinctive features. These include: fur or hair growing from the skin. mammary glands that, in females, produce milk for feeding the young.Mammals conserve body heat with their hair or fur. It traps a layer of warm air next to the skin.Mammals and birds produce their own body heat and control their body temperatures. This process is known as endothermy, or warm-bloodedness, and it may be one of the reasons why mammals tend to dominate almost every global ecosystem.Its main function is to control body temperature. As the water in the sweat evaporates, the surface of the skin cools. An additional function of sweat is to help with gripping, by slightly moistening the palms.Muscular contractions of the uterus push the offspring out during birth. The vagina is a tubular passageway through which the embryo or fetus leaves the mother's body.Marsupials give birth to a tiny, immature embryo. The embryo then continues to grow and develop in a pouch on the mother's belly. Marsupial development is less risky for the mother. However, the embryo is fragile, so it may be less likely to survive than the fetus of a placental mammal.To learn more about mammals refer to:
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Adrenaline stimulates glycogen breakdown in skeletal muscle cells by ultimately activating glycogen phosphorylase, the enzyme that breaks down glycogen, as depicted in the figure below. adrenaline activated a subunit of stimulatory G protein (G) CYTOSOL GTP activated GPCR (adrenergic receptor) activated adenylyl cyclase ATP Inactive PKA *** cyclic AMP CAMP active PKA ATP active phosphorylase kinase active glycogen phosphorylase Inactive phosphorylase kinase inactive glycogen phosphorylase GLYCOGEN BREAKDOWN phosphorylase Linase phosphorylase ATP Inactive glycogen phosphorylase GLYCOGEN BREAKDOWN Which of the following statements is false? A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would not increase the affinity of adrenaline for the adrenergic receptor. A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would lead to an excess in the amount of glycogen available A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would lead to a decrease in the amount of unphosphorylated phosphorylase kinase. A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would increase the amount of phosphorylated glycogen phosphorylase. A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would lead to an excess in the amount of glucose available.
False statement is: A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle would lead to an excess in the amount of glycogen available.
A constitutively active mutant form of PKA is that PKA which is always active. Usually PKA will be in an inactive form which gets activated by cAMP when adrenaline binds to the receptor. If PKA always active it will activate Glycogen phosphorylase enzyme which breaks down glucose hence if this type of mutant PKA is there then level of unphosphorylated glycogen phosphorylase will decrease since PKA activates it by phosphorylation, phosphorylated glycogen phosphorylase form will get increased, glucose level will be increased and glycogen level will be decreased.
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