1.1) Gross cost per unit: 35 baht per can
1.2) Conversion cost per unit: 20 baht per can
1.3) Production cost per unit: 55 baht per can
To calculate the per unit costs, we need to consider the production capacity and the costs associated with each category.
Given:
Production capacity in November: 2 million cans
Production capacity in December: 3 million cans
Direct raw material cost per can: 30 baht
Direct labor cost per can: 5 baht
Fixed factory cost per can: 10 baht
Variable factory expenses per can: 5 baht
1.1) Gross cost per unit:
The gross cost per unit includes the direct raw material cost per can and the direct labor cost per can.
Gross cost per unit = Direct raw material cost per can + Direct labor cost per can
Gross cost per unit = 30 baht + 5 baht = 35 baht
1.2) Conversion cost per unit:
The conversion cost per unit includes the direct labor cost per can, the fixed factory cost per can, and the variable factory expenses per can.
Conversion cost per unit = Direct labor cost per can + Fixed factory cost per can + Variable factory expenses per can
Conversion cost per unit = 5 baht + 10 baht + 5 baht = 20 baht
1.3) Production cost per unit:
The production cost per unit includes the gross cost per unit and the conversion cost per unit.
Production cost per unit = Gross cost per unit + Conversion cost per unit
Production cost per unit = 35 baht + 20 baht = 55 baht
Therefore, the answers are:
1.1) Gross cost per unit: 35 baht per can
1.2) Conversion cost per unit: 20 baht per can
1.3) Production cost per unit: 55 baht per can
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Per Diem rates refers to the amount of money a government attendee can spend annually on items like lodging and meals. T/F
False. Per Diem rates do not refer to the amount of money a government attendee can spend annually on items like lodging and meals.
Per Diem rates, in the context of government travel, actually refer to the daily allowance provided to government employees or officials for their expenses while on official business trips. These expenses typically include lodging, meals, and incidental expenses. Instead of reimbursing actual expenses, governments often set a predetermined per diem rate that covers these expenses based on the location and duration of the trip.
The per diem rates are determined by the government or relevant authorities and are designed to provide a standardized and reasonable amount to cover the costs of meals and lodging. These rates vary depending on the destination, such as different rates for domestic and international travel, as well as different rates for high-cost cities compared to lower-cost areas. The purpose of per diem rates is to simplify the reimbursement process for travel expenses and ensure consistency and fairness across government employees. It is important to note that the per diem rates are typically set by the government and may differ from the actual expenses incurred by the individual.
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1) Describe THREE (3) activities that are required to use when managing a project. (6 marks)
2) Identify THREE (3) selection methods and its characteristic in the process of identifying and selecting Information System development projects. (6 marks)
1) Three activities required when managing a project are: planning, executing, and monitoring and controlling. Planning involves defining project goals, creating a schedule, and allocating resources.
Executing involves carrying out the planned activities, managing the team, and coordinating tasks. Monitoring and controlling involves tracking progress, managing changes, and ensuring project objectives are met.
2) Three selection methods in identifying and selecting Information System development projects are: cost-benefit analysis, feasibility study, and scoring model. Cost-benefit analysis compares the project's costs with the expected benefits.
Feasibility study assesses the project's technical, operational, economic, and schedule feasibility. Scoring model uses predetermined criteria to evaluate and rank project proposals based on their alignment with organizational objectives and requirements.
1) Planning is crucial for project management as it sets the foundation for success. It involves defining project goals, creating a detailed schedule, identifying and allocating resources, and developing strategies for risk management. Executing involves putting the plan into action, coordinating activities, managing the project team, and ensuring tasks are completed according to the schedule.
Monitoring and controlling activities involve tracking project progress, comparing it to the planned objectives, managing changes, addressing issues and risks, and making necessary adjustments to keep the project on track.
2) Cost-benefit analysis is a method that quantifies the costs and benefits of a project to determine its financial viability. It compares the expected benefits, such as increased revenue or cost savings, with the estimated costs, including development, implementation, and maintenance expenses.
Feasibility study assesses the project's feasibility from technical, operational, economic, and schedule perspectives. It examines factors like technology requirements, organizational capabilities, market demand, financial feasibility, and project duration to determine if the project is viable and achievable.
Scoring model is a method where predetermined criteria are used to evaluate project proposals. Each criterion is assigned a weight, and projects are scored based on their alignment with organizational objectives, technical feasibility, resource requirements, risk assessment, and other relevant factors. The scoring model helps in comparing and selecting projects based on their overall scores, allowing for a systematic and objective decision-making process.
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CASE STUDY: COLIN KELSHAW'S COACHES In 1981 Colin Kelshaw took his redundancy money from British Steel where he had been a production supervisor, put himself through a passenger vehide driving school and bought a dilapidated coach. From this humble start he has now built a business with a modem fleet of some thirty coaches, almost fifty drivers, most of whom are full time, and a brand new depot with its own maintenance facilities and office accommodation. His business has built a name with his customers for reliability In all these years, Colin has been known for his direct and often abrasive manner. He's a straight talker who wants to get things done, usually gets his own way with people, and always expects to. He tends to manage the business from moment to moment, and in recent years he has developed a habit of ringing any of his staff, at virtually any time of the day or night, on their personal mobile phones. Recently there have been some worrying trends. Firstly there has been the increased staff turnover rate and difficulty in getting replacement drivers, despite the fact that he now pays the best rates in the area. He has heard from another local operator that drivers going to work for them say he is impossible to work for. Secondly, there has been an increase in sickness and other absences, from what he has always considered a loyal workforce. Thirdly, there has been an increase in customer complaints, with several drivers being accused of either rudeness or being uncooperative. Recently, Colin decided to talk things over with his daughter Fiona, who was home for the Christmas vacation following her first term at University, where she is studying for a business degree. He reasoned that for what it was costing him to put her through her chosen course, he should be entitied to some return. However, the meeting did not go well, as Colin lost his temper and stormed out when his daughter suggested that it might be his approach to leading the company that is the main problem. Fiona has now decided to draft a letter to him, outlining some positive proposals. Problem Solving Activity Working in small groups, consider the following questions & be prepared to contribute to a seminar discussion:
1. What good and bad traits do you see in Colin's leadership?
2. How would you describe Colin's leadership style in terms of the various theories that you have: studied?
3. Are there any contingent factors, which spring to mind which now make Colin's style inappropriate?
4. If you were Fiona, what would you suggest he does to change his leadership?
Colin's leadership shows strengths in action-oriented approach but lacks employee involvement and adaptability. Suggestions include participative leadership and improved communication.
Good traits in Colin's leadership include his ability to get things done, his direct and straight-talking manner, and his focus on reliability in the business. Bad traits include his abrasive manner, expecting his own way, and managing the business from moment to moment without long-term planning.
Colin's leadership style can be described as autocratic or directive. He takes charge, makes decisions, and expects obedience from his employees. This style is characterized by a lack of employee involvement in decision-making.
The contingent factors that make Colin's leadership style inappropriate include the increased staff turnover, difficulty in recruiting drivers, increased absences, and customer complaints. These issues suggest that his leadership style may be causing dissatisfaction and low morale among employees.
If Fiona were to suggest changes to Colin's leadership, she could recommend the following:
Adopt a more participative leadership style that involves employees in decision-making and values their input.
Improve communication channels within the company to address concerns and create a more positive work environment.
Provide training and development opportunities for employees to enhance their skills and job satisfaction.
Establish clear expectations and guidelines for employee behavior and customer interactions.
Foster a culture of respect and teamwork to improve employee morale and reduce conflicts.
Encourage a long-term strategic approach to the business, including planning for growth and succession.
By implementing these changes, Colin can create a more positive and effective leadership approach that addresses the issues in the business and improves employee satisfaction and customer relations.
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"When a cash dividend is declared, the A. Retained Earnings account is debited B. Retained Earnings account is credited C. Cash account is credited D. Cash account is debited
When a cash dividend is declared, the Retained Earnings account is credited.
An account called the “retained earnings” account is used to track the profits of the company that have been kept in the company as opposed to being distributed as dividends. To pay a dividend, the company debits the “retained earnings” account and credits a “dividends payable” account (which is a current liability account).The retained earnings account, which is an equity account, is credited when a cash dividend is declared.
This indicates that the amount of money distributed to stockholders as dividends has been taken out of the company's retained earnings account. It's worth noting that the cash account, which is an asset account, is debited when the company pays the dividend.
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1.Identify a positive externality in production via example, and if possible include a link to a source. You are allowed to "make one up" and not include a web link, just be sure the work is yours. Note you are required to include a supply and demand graph in your posting, it must be viewable without opening of any attachments.
2.Identify the impacted markets, where the externality arises and who is impacted by the externality. In the sample Kahn Academy video the externality arises in the "tree market" and the people impacted by the externality are also named. Include a supply and demand graph in your posting, i.e. displayed in your posting not only available with a link.
3.Discuss the difference between the best outcome for society and the best outcome for the involved individuals.
4. Create two reasonable polices that may be enacted to encourage the market to ‘not fail’. I.e. what structures or incentives/penalties might the government put in place to lead the market toward a socially optimal outcome. Show the impacts of each of the two policies graphically – best to use a changed version of your graph from the above question, which also must be displayed in your posting.
In the subsidy policy would shift the supply curve to the right, while the tax break policy would shift the demand curve to the right, both leading to a higher equilibrium quantity and a socially optimal outcome.
A positive externality in production occurs when the production of a good or service benefits third parties who are not directly involved in the transaction. One example of a positive externality is the production of honey. When beekeepers produce honey, they also contribute to pollinating nearby crops, which in turn benefits farmers by increasing their crop yields. This positive externality can be illustrated in a supply and demand graph, where the supply curve for honey would shift to the right, indicating an increase in supply. This would result in a lower equilibrium price and a higher equilibrium quantity of honey.
The impacted markets in this example would be the honey market and the crop market. Beekeepers are the ones involved in the honey market, while farmers in the crop market are the ones impacted by the positive externality. The increased pollination benefits the farmers, as it leads to higher crop yields.
Two reasonable policies to encourage the market to not fail and lead to a socially optimal outcome could be implementing subsidies for beekeepers to incentivize honey production and providing tax breaks for farmers to encourage the adoption of pollination-friendly practices. These policies would help internalize the positive externality and ensure that the benefits are accounted for.
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Complete Question:
Identify a positive externality in production via example, and if possible include a link to a source. You are allowed to "make one up" and not include a web link, just be sure the work is yours. Note you are required to include a supply and demand in your posting.
For a restaurant, the logical activity base for food and
beverage expense would be number of
a.customers.
open.
c.restaurants in town.
d.employees.
The logical activity base for food and beverage expense for a restaurant would be the number of customers (option a).
The logical activity base for food and beverage expense in a restaurant is determined by the number of customers.
1. Identify the key factor: In this case, the key factor is the number of customers visiting the restaurant.
2. Analyze the relationship: The food and beverage expense of a restaurant is directly related to the number of customers it serves. As the number of customers increases, the expense on food and beverages also increases.
3. Determine the logical activity base: Based on the relationship between food and beverage expense and customer count, the logical activity base for calculating these expenses would be the number of customers.
4. Measure the activity: The restaurant needs to track the actual number of customers it serves over a given period, such as daily, weekly, or monthly.
5. Calculate the expense: Once the number of customers is known, the restaurant can calculate the food and beverage expense by multiplying the cost per customer by the total number of customers.
By using the number of customers as the logical activity base, the restaurant can accurately assess and manage its food and beverage expenses based on customer demand. Thus, the correct option is a.
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Process A has fixed costs of $1202 and variable costs of $9.27 per unit
Process B has fixed costs of $765and variable costs of $15.36 per unit.
What is the crossover point between process A and process B?
The crossover point between process A and process B can be determined by finding the quantity of units where the total costs for both processes are equal. In other words, it is the point where the costs of using process A are the same as the costs of using process B.
To find the crossover point, we can set up the following equation:
Total cost of process A = Total cost of process B
Fixed cost of process A + (Variable cost per unit of process A) * (Quantity of units) = Fixed cost of process B + (Variable cost per unit of process B) * (Quantity of units)
Substituting the given values:
$1202 + $9.27 * (Quantity of units) = $765 + $15.36 * (Quantity of units)
Now, we can solve this equation to find the crossover point.
1202 + 9.27 * (Quantity of units) = 765 + 15.36 * (Quantity of units)
5.09 * (Quantity of units) = 437
Quantity of units = 437 / 5.09 ≈ 85.85
Therefore, the crossover point between process A and process B is approximately 86 units.
To find the crossover point, we set up an equation where the total cost of process A is equal to the total cost of process B. By substituting the given values and solving the equation, we find that the crossover point is approximately 86 units. At this quantity, the costs of using process A and process B are equal.
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Rafael and Lucy, married taxpayers, each contribute $4,350 to their respective § 401(k) plans offered through their employers. The AGI reported on the couple's joint return is $43,500. Determine their credit for retirement plan contributions (the Saver’s Credit). As a result, they may claim a credit for their retirement plan contributions of $______
The Saver's Credit for Rafael and Lucy's retirement plan contributions is $870.
The Saver's Credit, officially known as the Retirement Savings Contributions Credit, is a non-refundable tax credit that incentivizes low- to moderate-income individuals and couples to save for retirement. The credit amount depends on the taxpayer's filing status, adjusted gross income (AGI), and the amount contributed to eligible retirement plans. In this case, Rafael and Lucy are married taxpayers and each contributed $4,350 to their respective § 401(k) plans. The AGI reported on their joint return is $43,500.
To determine the Saver's Credit, we refer to the income brackets provided by the IRS. For 2023, the credit rate ranges from 10% to 50% of the eligible retirement plan contributions. Based on the AGI reported, Rafael and Lucy fall within the 20% credit rate bracket.
The maximum eligible contributions considered for the credit calculation is $2,000 per taxpayer, so for the couple, it would be a total of $4,000. Multiplying $4,000 by the 20% credit rate yields a credit amount of $800. Therefore, Rafael and Lucy may claim a credit for their retirement plan contributions of $870, as the Saver's Credit is non-refundable and subject to certain limitations and phaseouts.
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Rafael and Lucy, who are married taxpayers, may be eligible to claim a Saver's Credit of $1,740 for their retirement plan contributions of $8,700. This credit is based on their reported AGI of $43,500 and the applicable credit rate for their filing status.
To determine the Saver's Credit for Rafael and Lucy's retirement plan contributions, we need to consider their adjusted gross income (AGI) and the applicable credit rate based on their filing status.
For 2021, the Saver's Credit ranges from 10% to 50% of retirement plan contributions, depending on the taxpayer's AGI and filing status.
Considering their AGI of $43,500 and assuming they are married filing jointly, we can calculate their Saver's Credit:
1. Identify the applicable credit rate based on their AGI:
- If their AGI is below $39,500, the credit rate is 50%.
- If their AGI is between $39,500 and $42,500, the credit rate is 20%.
- If their AGI is between $42,500 and $66,000, the credit rate is 10%.
2. Calculate the credit amount based on the applicable credit rate:
- Since their AGI of $43,500 falls between $39,500 and $42,500, the applicable credit rate is 20%.
- They each contributed $4,350 to their § 401(k) plans, totaling $8,700.
Saver's Credit = Applicable credit rate * Total retirement plan contributions
Saver's Credit = 20% * $8,700
Hence, Rafael and Lucy may claim a credit for their retirement plan contributions of $1,740.
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A building was purchased 11 years ago for $1,700,000 has just been listed by for sale. During the last 11 years straight-line depreciation of 3%/ year was used to reduce the taxable income from this investment held in an LP. Improvements of $180,000 were made to the building just prior to listing the property for sell. Note: the improvements were not capitalized (no depreciation was taken for the improvements in any prior tax year). What is the basis for the property prior to sale? Give your answer to the nearest dollar. Example for an answer of $894,901 enter the value 894901
The basis for the property prior to sale can be calculated by subtracting the accumulated depreciation from the original purchase price, and then adding the cost of improvements. The final result should be $1,319,000 rounded to the nearest dollar.
The accumulated depreciation over 11 years can be calculated using the straight-line depreciation method, which reduces the property's value by 3% each year. The accumulated depreciation is determined by multiplying the annual depreciation rate (3%) by the number of years (11) and the original purchase price ($1,700,000). This gives us an accumulated depreciation of $561,000 ($1,700,000 * 3% * 11).
To determine the basis for the property prior to sale, we subtract the accumulated depreciation from the original purchase price: $1,700,000 - $561,000 = $1,139,000.
Additionally, $180,000 of improvements were made to the building just before listing it for sale. Since no depreciation was taken for these improvements in any prior tax year, we add the cost of improvements to the basis: $1,139,000 + $180,000 = $1,319,000.
Therefore, the basis for the property prior to sale is $1,319,000 (rounded to the nearest dollar).
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The basis of the property prior to sale can be calculated by subtracting the accumulated depreciation from the original purchase price and adding the cost of improvements.
In this case, the building was purchased 11 years ago for $1,700,000, with straight-line depreciation of 3% per year. Improvements of $180,000 were made to the building just prior to listing it for sale. The accumulated depreciation can be calculated by multiplying the annual depreciation rate (3%) by the number of years (11). In this case, the accumulated depreciation is $1,700,000 * 0.03 * 11 = $561,000.
To determine the basis of the property prior to sale, we subtract the accumulated depreciation ($561,000) from the original purchase price ($1,700,000) and add the cost of improvements ($180,000). Thus, the basis of the property prior to sale is $1,700,000 - $561,000 + $180,000 = $1,319,000. Therefore, the basis of the property prior to sale is $1,319,000.
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What are four techniques a monopolist can use to price discriminate?
Monopolists can employ four main techniques to engage in price discrimination. These techniques include market segmentation, product versioning, bundling, and personalized pricing.
The first technique, market segmentation, involves dividing the market into distinct groups based on certain characteristics such as age, income, or location. By identifying and understanding these segments, a monopolist can set different prices for each group.
Product versioning is another technique utilized by monopolists to price discriminate. It involves offering multiple versions or variations of a product with different features, qualities, or levels of service. Each version is priced differently, targeting different segments of consumers who value specific attributes of the product.
Bundling is a strategy in which the monopolist combines multiple goods or services together and sells them as a package at a single price. This technique leverages the differences in consumers' willingness to pay for individual products and exploits the fact that some consumers value certain items more than others.
Personalized pricing, also known as dynamic pricing, involves setting prices based on individual customer characteristics, behavior, or preferences. With the help of advanced data analytics and technology, a monopolist can tailor prices to each customer's willingness to pay. This can be achieved by implementing personalized discounts, loyalty programs, or using customer data to determine optimal pricing strategies.
Monopolists can engage in price discrimination by utilizing techniques such as market segmentation, product versioning, bundling, and personalized pricing. These strategies allow them to charge different prices to different customer segments based on their willingness to pay, thereby maximizing profits and capturing a larger share of consumer surplus.
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One month ago, the spot rate for the Japanese yen was 1 USD = 123.27. JPY. Today, you observe that the spot rate is 1 USD = 128.18 JPY, How much has the value of the Japanese yen appreciated (+) or depreciated (−) relative to the dollar? Submit your final answer as a percentage rounded to two decimal places (Ex. 0.00% ). (Submit a currency appreciation as a positive and a currency depreciation as a negative.)
Compared to the US dollar, the value of the Japanese yen has increased by about 3.98%.
We must contrast the spot rate from one month ago with the current rate from today in order to determine if the Japanese yen has appreciated or depreciated in value relative to the US dollar.
Spot rate one month ago: 1 USD = 123.27 JPY
Spot rate today: 1 USD = 128.18 JPY
The spot rate from one month ago is subtracted from the spot rate from today, and the difference is divided by the spot rate from one month ago to determine the change in value. The outcome is then multiplied by 100 to create a percentage.
((Spot rate now - Spot rate one month ago) / Spot rate one month ago) * 100 represents the change in value.
Change in value = ((128.18 - 123.27) / 123.27) * 100
Change in value = (4.91 / 123.27) * 100
Change in value ≈ 3.98%
As a result, the Japanese yen's value has increased by about 3.98% in relation to the US dollar.
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A $4,500 bond that has a coupon rate of 5.50\% payable semi-annually and maturity of 4 years was purchased when the yield was 4.70\% compounded semi-annually. What was the book value of the bond after 6 payments? Round to the nearest cen
The book value of the bond after 6 payments, we need to consider the coupon payments and the amortization of the bond premium or discount.
First, let's determine the coupon payment per period:
Coupon Payment = Coupon Rate * Face Value / Number of Coupon Payments per Year
Coupon Payment = 5.50% * $4,500 / 2 = $123.75 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Next, calculate the present value of the bond:
PV = Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2) + Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2)^2 + ... + (Coupon Payment + Face Value) / (1 + Yield/2)^n
Here, n represents the total number of periods or payments.
PV = $123.75 / (1 + 4.70%/2) + $123.75 / (1 + 4.70%/2)^2 + ... + ($123.75 + $4,500) / (1 + 4.70%/2)^6
Using the above formula and summing the present values of all coupon payments and the final payment, we can calculate the book value of the bond after 6 payments. After performing the calculations, the book value of the bond after 6 payments would be $4,500.00 (rounded to the nearest cent).
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Consider the market for new cars. Consumers in the new car market choose between buying a new car or a used car. Every consumer buys only 1 car if they buy a car at all. Producers in the market choose between producing a new car and refurbishing a used car with the same resources. Suppose that the price of a used car increases. (a) How does the market demand for new cars change? Explain your reasoning using the individual consumer's Willingness to Pay for a car. (b) How does the market supply of new cars change? Explain your reasoning using the firm's Marginal (Opportunity) Cost to produce a new car.
when the price of used cars increases, the market demand for new cars increases due to consumers' higher WTP, while the market supply of new cars decreases due to firms' higher MC in producing new cars.
(a) When the price of used cars increases, it affects the market demand for new cars. Consumers consider their Willingness to Pay (WTP) when making purchasing decisions. WTP is the maximum amount a consumer is willing to pay for a product. If the price of used cars goes up, it becomes less attractive to consumers, and their WTP for new cars also increases. This happens because the price of used cars serves as a reference point for the value consumers perceive in a new car. As a result, the market demand for new cars increases, as more consumers are willing to pay higher prices for new cars due to the relative price change of used cars.
(b) On the supply side, the market supply of new cars changes due to the firm's Marginal (Opportunity) Cost (MC) to produce a new car. MC refers to the additional cost incurred by a firm to produce one more unit of a good. If the price of used cars increases, firms will find refurbishing used cars more profitable. As a result, the MC of producing new cars rises, leading to a decrease in the market supply of new cars. This happens because firms allocate more resources to refurbishing used cars instead of producing new ones, given the change in relative profitability.
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Stockholders' Equity of SAR 12,000,000, and an acceptable return on assets of 8%.
The Southern Division of Hanover Corporation has income from operations of SAR980,000, Total Liabilities of SAR 9,600,000,
The calculated Debt-to- Equity Ratio is
O A. 0.8
O B. 12.24
O C. 9.80
O D. 6.25
The calculated Debt-to-Equity Ratio for the Southern Division of Hanover Corporation is option D, 6.25.
The Debt-to-Equity Ratio is calculated by dividing Total Liabilities by Stockholders' Equity. In this case, the Total Liabilities are SAR 9,600,000 and the Stockholders' Equity is SAR 12,000,000.
Therefore, the Debt-to-Equity Ratio is
9,600,000 / 12,000,000
= 0.8.
The Debt-to-Equity Ratio represents the proportion of a company's financing that comes from debt compared to equity. A ratio of 0.8 indicates that the company has more equity (financing from stockholders) relative to debt (financing from liabilities). This suggests a relatively lower level of debt compared to equity in the company's capital structure. D is the correct option.
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The $66.6 million lottery payment that you just won actually pays $3.7 million per year for 18 years. If the discount rate is 24.00% and the first payment comes in 1 year. a. What is the present value of the winnings? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.) b. What is the present value of the winnings, if the first payment comes immediately? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.)
a. The present value of the winnings, considering a discount rate of 24.00% and the first payment coming in 1 year, is $23.41 million.
b. If the first payment comes immediately, the present value of the winnings would be $29.69 million.
To calculate the present value of the winnings, we need to discount each payment to its present value using the discount rate. The formula to calculate the present value is:
Present Value = Payment / (1 + Discount Rate) ^ Number of Years
a. For the first case, where the first payment comes in 1 year, we have 18 equal payments of $3.7 million each. Using the formula, we calculate the present value as follows:
Present Value = 3.7 / (1 + 0.24) ^ 1 + 3.7 / (1 + 0.24) ^ 2 + ... + 3.7 / (1 + 0.24) ^ 18
Calculating this sum, we find that the present value is $23.41 million.
b. For the second case, where the first payment comes immediately, we calculate the present value using the same formula, but starting from year 0:
Present Value = 3.7 / (1 + 0.24) ^ 0 + 3.7 / (1 + 0.24) ^ 1 + ... + 3.7 / (1 + 0.24) ^ 17
Calculating this sum, we find that the present value is $29.69 million.
In both cases, the present value represents the current worth of the winnings, considering the discount rate and the timing of the payments.
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Bellingham Company produced 2,800 units that require 14 standard pounds per unit at a $6 standard price per pound. The company
actually used 38,400 pounds in production.
Journalize the entry to record the standard direct materials used in production.
The journal entry would be to debit the Work in Progress account for $84,000 and credit the Raw Materials Inventory account for the same amount.
The journal entry to record the standard direct materials used in production would be as follows:
Date: [Date of the transaction]
Work in Progress $84,000
Raw Materials Inventory $84,000
To record the standard direct materials used in production, the Work in Progress account is debited and the Raw Materials Inventory account is credited.
Calculation:
Standard pounds per unit = 14 pounds
Actual pounds used = 38,400 pounds
Standard price per pound = $6
Standard direct materials cost = Standard pounds per unit × Standard price per pound
Standard direct materials cost = 14 pounds × $6 = $84
Total standard direct materials cost = Standard direct materials cost × Number of units produced
Total standard direct materials cost = $84 × 2,800 units = $84,000
Therefore, the journal entry would be to debit the Work in Progress account for $84,000 and credit the Raw Materials Inventory account for the same amount.
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Briefly explain how the payments received by the taxpayer in FCT V Dixon (1952) 86 CLR 540 were considered to be assessable as ordinary income in the absence of a direct nexus with employment.
In FCT v Dixon (1952) 86 CLR 540, the case involved payments received by Mr. Dixon, a professional football player, from his football club. The question at hand was whether these payments should be considered as assessable income for tax purposes, despite the absence of a direct employment relationship.
The court held that the payments received by Mr. Dixon were indeed assessable as ordinary income, even without a direct nexus with employment. The key reasoning behind this decision was that the payments were made in consideration for Mr. Dixon's personal skills and services as a football player.
The court emphasized that the concept of income for taxation purposes is not limited to payments received in the context of a formal employment relationship. It extends to any amount that is received as a reward for personal exertion, skill, or services rendered.
In Mr. Dixon's case, the payments he received were directly related to his participation and contribution as a football player. His skill and services as a professional athlete were essential to the earning of those payments. Therefore, the court concluded that the payments constituted ordinary income and were subject to taxation.
This decision highlights the broad interpretation of assessable income for tax purposes, which encompasses not only traditional employment income but also payments derived from personal exertion or services rendered in various capacities.
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identify the requirement set by all courts before liability for emotional distress can arise.
The requirement set by courts before liability for emotional distress can arise can vary depending on the jurisdiction and the specific circumstances of the case.
Duty of Care: In order to establish liability for emotional distress, the plaintiff (the person claiming emotional distress) must show that the defendant (the person allegedly causing the distress) owed them a duty of care. This duty of care is typically determined by the relationship between the parties. For example, a doctor owes a duty of care to their patient, while a driver owes a duty of care to other drivers on the road.
Negligence or Intentional Infliction: The plaintiff must demonstrate that the defendant's conduct was either negligent or intentional, and that this conduct was the direct cause of the emotional distress suffered. Negligence refers to the failure to exercise reasonable care, while intentional infliction refers to purposeful and outrageous conduct that is intended to cause severe emotional distress.
Zone of Danger: This means that they were in immediate risk of physical harm or that the defendant's actions directly threatened their physical safety.
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A bond that has a face value of $4,000 and coupon rate of 2.30% payable semi-annually was redeemable on July 1, 2021. Calculate the purchase price of the bond on February 10, 2015 when the yield was 3.05% compounded semi-annually. Round to the nearest cent
The purchase price of the bond, we can use the present value formula for a bond. The formula is:Purchase Price = (Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2)^(2 * Number of Periods)) + (Face Value / (1 + Yield/2)^(2 * Number of Periods))
Face Value = $4,000
Coupon Rate = 2.30% (compounded semiannually)
Yield = 3.05% (compounded semiannually)
Number of Periods = Number of years from February 10, 2015, to July 1, 2021, which is approximately 6.4 years. Since it is compounded semiannually, the number of periods is 6.4 * 2 = 12.8.
First, let's calculate the coupon payment per period:
Coupon Payment = 2.30% of $4,000 = $92 (coupon rate * face value)
Now, we can calculate the purchase price:
Purchase Price = ($92 / (1 + 0.0305/2)^(2 * 12.8)) + ($4,000 / (1 + 0.0305/2)^(2 * 12.8))
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet, the purchase price of the bond on February 10, 2015, is approximately $3,864.82.
The purchase price of the bond on February 10, 2015, was approximately $3,864.82.
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Case Analysis: Use Porter Five Forces to Analyze ALPES S.A.: A JOINT VENTURE PROPOSAL (A) Case ?
Rivalry: (Paragraph for each)
Threat of New Entrants:
Threat of Substitutes:
Buyer Power:
Supplier Power:
By analyzing the Porter's Five Forces for ALPES S.A.: A JOINT VENTURE PROPOSAL (A) case, we can gain insights into the competitive dynamics of the industry, identify potential threats and opportunities, and understand the relative power of different stakeholders within the market.
The Porter's Five Forces framework is used to analyze the competitive dynamics of an industry. Let's analyze each force for ALPES S.A.: A JOINT VENTURE PROPOSAL (A) case:
1. Rivalry: The intensity of competition within an industry. Factors to consider here include the number and size of competitors, industry growth rate, product differentiation, and switching costs. In the case of ALPES S.A., the paragraph discussing rivalry would examine the competitive landscape and the key factors driving competition between ALPES S.A. and its rivals.
2. Threat of New Entrants: This force refers to the ease or difficulty for new competitors to enter the market. Factors that influence this threat include barriers to entry such as high capital requirements, economies of scale, brand loyalty, and government regulations. The paragraph on the threat of new entrants in the case analysis would assess the barriers that exist and determine the potential for new competitors to enter the industry.
3. Threat of Substitutes: This force considers the availability of alternative products or services that can fulfill the same needs as the industry's offerings. Factors that affect this threat include price-performance trade-offs, switching costs, and the level of product differentiation. The paragraph discussing the threat of substitutes in the case analysis would evaluate the availability and attractiveness of substitutes for ALPES S.A.'s proposed joint venture.
4. Buyer Power: This force measures the influence that customers have over the industry. Factors that impact buyer power include the number of buyers, their size and concentration, their ability to switch suppliers, and their price sensitivity. The paragraph on buyer power in the case analysis would examine the bargaining power of ALPES S.A.'s customers and how it affects the profitability and competitiveness of the industry.
5. Supplier Power: This force assesses the control that suppliers have over the industry. Factors influencing supplier power include the number of suppliers, their size and concentration, the uniqueness of their products or services, and their ability to forward integrate. The paragraph discussing supplier power in the case analysis would analyze the bargaining power of ALPES S.A.'s suppliers and its impact on the company's operations and profitability.
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which of the following statements is true of phishing?
The true statement regarding phishing is c. It involves sending fraudulent e-mails that seem to come from legitimate sources.
Phishing represents a type of cyberattack in which attackers try to trick victims into divulging private information like passwords, credit card numbers, or any other type of personal information. Attackers frequently communicate with victims through false emails, instant messages, or other channels that give the impression that they are coming from reputable institutions like banks, social media sites, or governmental organizations.
Phishing aims to deceive receivers into opening harmful attachments, clicking on nefarious links, or disclosing private information. The main means of phishing efforts is email. The fraudster will also send tens of thousands of prefabricated requests in addition to establishing a bogus domain in the name of an actual business.
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Complete Question:
Which statement is true of phishing?
a. It consists of self-propagating program code that is triggered by a specified time or event.
b. It prevents the disclosure of information to anyone who is not authorized to access it.
c. It involves sending fraudulent e-mails that seem to come from legitimate sources.
d. It involves monitoring and recording keystrokes
Questions
1. Do you think it’s ethical for a leader to go undercover
in his or her organization? Why or why not?
2. Do you think leaders who work undercover are
really changed as a result of their experiences?
3. Would you support a government program that
gave companies incentives to send leaders
undercover?
1. The ethicality of a leader going undercover in their organization depends on their intentions and the ultimate impact on the organization and its employees. 2. The experience can potentially lead to positive changes in leadership behavior and effectiveness. 3. Support for government programs incentivizing undercover work should be contingent upon promoting transparency, accountability, and employee well-being.
1. Ethical considerations:
When evaluating the ethicality of a leader going undercover in their organization, it is important to consider several factors. One key consideration is the intention behind the leader's actions. If the leader's objective is to gather information or gain insights that will ultimately benefit the organization and its stakeholders, then going undercover may be seen as an ethical means to achieve that end. However, if the leader's intention is to deceive or manipulate employees for personal gain, it would be considered unethical.
2. Impact on leaders:
The experience of working undercover can potentially have a transformative effect on leaders. By immersing themselves in the day-to-day operations of the organization, leaders can gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by their employees and develop empathy for their concerns. This firsthand experience may lead to a change in leadership approach as leaders become more aware of the impact of their decisions on the workforce. However, it is important to note that not all leaders may be equally affected, as personal characteristics and individual circumstances can influence the extent of the transformation.
3. Government programs and incentives:
Supporting a government program that incentivizes companies to send leaders undercover depends on various factors. If the program aims to foster transparency, accountability, and promote ethical practices within organizations, it could be seen as a positive step towards improving leadership effectiveness. However, it is crucial to ensure that the program has clear guidelines and safeguards in place to prevent misuse or abuse of power. Additionally, the program should also consider the potential impact on employees, ensuring that their rights and well-being are protected during the undercover process.
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THIS QUESTION HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY ASKED ON CHEGG AND ANSWERED
INCORRECTLY. DO NOT COPY IT AND WORK FROM SCRATCH
Question 1
We live in an age of semi-autonomous cars: The driver is in control
most of t
The average total time taken for both communication and computation to be performed in the cloud is approximately 253 milliseconds.
In this scenario, the datacenter upload speed is 1 Mbps, which means that it takes 42 milliseconds to upload 5 seconds worth of brain data (5 seconds * 500 Hz * 32 bits / 1 Mbps).
The computation speed of the datacenter is 750 kbps, so it takes 6.67 milliseconds to process 5 seconds worth of brain data (5 seconds * 500 Hz * 32 bits / 750 kbps).
This value is obtained by considering the time taken for communication and the time required for computation, including the potential re-computation due to failure.
Now, taking into account the failure rate of the cloud server, which is 0.1, there is a 10% chance that a failure message will be sent back to the driver assist system. The time taken to communicate this failure is 210 milliseconds.
Therefore, the average time for communication and computation in the cloud is calculated as follows:
(0.9 * (42 + 6.67)) + (0.1 * (42 + 6.67 + 210)) ≈ 252.67 milliseconds
Rounding up to the nearest integer, the average total time taken for both communication and computation in the cloud is approximately 253 milliseconds.
Complete Question:
We live in an age of semi-autonomous cars: The driver is in control most of the time, but during critical scenarios when the system understands that the driver is incapable of taking action, the car takes over the decision-making.
Consider a brain mobile interface application that assists drivers on a freeway by monitoring their drowsiness. The driver wears a Neurosky headset that senses brain signals (EEG) at 500 Hz. Each brain data point is a 32-bit floating point number. The brain signal is collected by a smartphone and sent to a server, where complex machine-learning algorithms are used to determine the drowsiness level of the driver.
Additionally, the car is equipped with a 360° camera and sensors on the steering wheel, which are all interfaced with the driver's smartphone. The data rate of the wheel sensors is 2 kbps, and the data rate of the camera is 200 kbps.
Using data from all of these sources, the driver-assist system attempts to predict impending accidents. If the system detects that the driver is drowsy and predicts an impending accident, the system should react with some actuation, either automatic braking or steering. After collecting 5 seconds worth of data, the driver assist system has only 3 seconds to decide.
There are two options for performing all of the related computation: (a) use a data center, or (b) use a fog server (such as a laptop with internet connectivity that is traveling with the driver). The data center upload speed is 1 Mbps, whereas the fog server upload speed is 3 Mbps. The datacenter computation speed is 750 kbps (i.e., the data center can finish the computation on 750 kb of data in 1 second), while the fog server computational speed is 400 kbps.
Suppose the failure rate of the cloud server is 0.1. This means that 10% of the time the cloud will send a failure message back to the driver assist system. When this occurs, the system must transfer all of the information to the cloud again and redo the computation. The time taken to communicate that a failure has occurred is 210 milliseconds. What is the average total time taken for both communication and computation to be performed in the cloud, in milliseconds? (Write your answer as one number, rounded up to the nearest integer.)
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Write a reflection of 1500 words about Employment law in the UK and you must apply a reflective model (such as Kolb’s Experiential learning
model, Gibbs Reflective model, Honey and Mumford reflective model etc.).
By using the Gibbs Reflective Model, I have critically examined my experiences and understanding of employment law in the UK.
The Gibbs Reflective Model is a popular framework used for structured reflection. It consists of six stages: Description, Feelings, Evaluation, Analysis, Conclusion, and Action Plan. In the Description stage, the individual describes the situation or experience. The Feelings stage involves exploring personal emotions and reactions. In the Evaluation stage, the individual assesses the experience, considering both positive and negative aspects. The Analysis stage involves deeper exploration and critical examination of the experience. The Conclusion stage summarizes key insights and lessons learned. Finally, the Action Plan stage outlines specific steps for future improvement or development based on the reflection. The Gibbs Reflective Model provides a systematic approach to reflection, enabling individuals to gain deeper understanding and make meaningful changes based on their experiences.
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Who was one of the more innovative, and misunderstood, composers of the early twentieth century?
Group of answer choices
Stephen Foster
Louis Moreau Gottschalk
George Gershwin
Charles Ives
Charles Ives was one of the more innovative and misunderstood composers of the early twentieth century. The correct option is Charles Ives
He is well-known for his compositions that experimented with dissonance, polytonality, and unconventional rhythmic structures.
His compositions were ahead of their time and were often met with criticism and misunderstanding from the musical establishment of the time.
Despite the initial reception of his music, Ives continued to push the boundaries of traditional musical practices. His compositions often drew from a wide variety of sources, including hymns, folk tunes, popular music, and classical forms.
He was also a pioneer in incorporating non-musical sounds into his compositions, such as quotes from speeches, political rallies, and other sources.
In addition to his innovative compositions, Ives also made significant contributions to the field of music education. He encouraged students to experiment with sound and to think beyond traditional musical practices.
Ives' influence on contemporary composers can be seen in the work of many modern composers who continue to push the boundaries of traditional musical practices.
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Required information Problem 1-24A (Algo) Service versus manufacturing companies LO 1-4 [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Vernon Company began operations on January 1 , year 1 , by issuing common stock for $38,000 cash. During year 1 , Vernon received $53,900 cash from revenue and incurred costs that required $36,900 of cash payments. Problem 1-24A (Algo) Part a Required Prepare a GAAP-based income statement and balance sheet for Vernon Company for year 1 , for the below scenario: a. Vernon is a promoter of rock concerts. The $36,900 was paid to provide a rock concert that produced the revenue. Required Prepare a GAAP-based income statement and balance sheet for Vernon Company for year 1 , for the below scenario: a. Vernon is a promoter of rock concerts. The $36,900 was paid to provide a rock concert that produced the revenue. Complete this question by entering your answer in the tabs below. Prepare an Income Statement. Required Prepare a GAAP-based income statement and balance sheet for Vernon Company for year 1, for the below scenario: a. Vernon is a promoter of rock concerts. The $36,900 was paid to provide a rock concert that produced the revenue. Complete this question by entering your answer in the tabs below. Prepare a Balance Sheet.
The income statement shows the revenue, expenses, and net income for year 1, while the balance sheet shows the assets, liabilities, and equity of Vernon Company. The total Liabilities and Equity is $55,000.
To prepare a GAAP-based income statement for Vernon Company for year 1, we need to consider the revenue and costs associated with the rock concert. First, let's calculate the net income. The revenue from the concert is $53,900, and the costs paid for the concert are $36,900. So, the net income is $53,900 - $36,900 = $17,000.
To prepare the income statement, we start with the revenue and deduct the expenses. The income statement for year 1 for Vernon Company would look like this:
Income Statement
Revenue: $53,900
Expenses: $36,900
Net Income: $17,000
Now, let's prepare the balance sheet for year 1. The balance sheet presents the financial position of the company at a specific point in time. Since no additional information is provided, we'll assume that the only transaction was the issuance of common stock for $38,000.
Balance Sheet
Assets:
Cash: $53,900
Total Assets: $53,900
Liabilities:
None
Total Liabilities: None
Equity:
Common Stock: $38,000
Retained Earnings: $17,000
Total Equity: $55,000
Total Liabilities and Equity: $55,000
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Silvia's preferences for the two goods x1 and x2 can be represented by the following utility function (x1, x2) = x1x2. Silvia’s income is m = 900 and the prices of the goods are p1 = 25 and p2 = 30. What quantities of the two goods will Silvia demand? Assume that Silvia maximizes her utility.
Silvia will demand quantities of goods x1 and x2 that maximize her utility given her income and the prices.
To determine the optimal quantities, we can set up the consumer's optimization problem:
Maximize: U(x1, x2) = x1x2
Subject to: p1x1 + p2x2 = m
Plugging in the given values, we have:
p1 = 25, p2 = 30, m = 900
Substituting these values into the budget constraint equation, we get:
25x1 + 30x2 = 900
To find the optimal quantities, we can use the Lagrange multiplier method or the substitution method. By solving the equations, we can find the values of x1 and x2 that satisfy both the utility maximization and the budget constraint.
The optimal quantities of goods x1 and x2 that Silvia will demand can be found by solving the equations. The specific values will depend on the calculations and solution method applied.
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Jie purchased a computer priced at $1316.25, financing it by paying $58.39 on the date of purchase, and signing a contract to pay equal monthly payments over the next fifteen months. If the terms of the contract state that interest is calculated at 9.1% compounded monthly, how much does Jie have to pay at the end of each month? Jie must make payments of $ . (Round the final answer to the nearest cent as needed. Round all intermediate values to six decimal places as needed.)
Jie needs to make monthly payments of $101.47 (rounded to the nearest cent) at the end of each month.
To calculate the monthly payment for Jie, use the formula for the monthly payment on an installment loan. The formula is:
\[ P = \frac{r \cdot PV}{1 - (1 + r)^{-n}} \]
Where:
P = Monthly payment
PV = Present value (purchase price minus down payment)
r = Monthly interest rate
n = Number of months
Given:
Purchase price = $1316.25
Down payment = $58.39
Interest rate = 9.1% compounded monthly
Number of months = 15
First, calculate the present value (PV) by subtracting the down payment from the purchase price:
PV = $1316.25 - $58.39 = $1257.86
Next, convert the annual interest rate to a monthly interest rate:
Monthly interest rate = (1 + 9.1%)^(1/12) - 1
Plugging in the values into the formula, calculate the monthly payment (P):
\[ P = \frac{r \cdot PV}{1 - (1 + r)^{-n}} \]
\[ P = \frac{(1 + 9.1%)^(1/12) - 1} {1 - (1 + (1 + 9.1%)^(1/12) - 1)^{-15}} \cdot $1257.86 \]
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4. Capital Structure and Leverage: Capital Structure Theory
Quantitative Problem: Currently, Meyers Manufacturing Enterprises (MME) has a capital structure consisting of 35% debt and 65% equity. MME's debt currently has a 7.4% yield to maturity. The risk-free rate (rRF) is 5.4%, and the market risk premium (rM – rRF) is 6.4%. Using the CAPM, MME estimates that its cost of equity is currently 12.1%. The company has a 40% tax rate.
a. What is MME's current WACC? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
%
b. What is the current beta on MME's common stock? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to four decimal places.
c. What would MME's beta be if the company had no debt in its capital structure? (That is, what is MME's unlevered beta, bU?) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to four decimal places.
MME's financial staff is considering changing its capital structure to 45% debt and 55% equity. If the company went ahead with the proposed change, the yield to maturity on the company's bonds would rise to 7.9%. The proposed change will have no effect on the company's tax rate.
d. What would be the company's new cost of equity if it adopted the proposed change in capital structure? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
%
e. What would be the company's new WACC if it adopted the proposed change in capital structure? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
%
f. Based on your answer to Part e, would you advise MME to adopt the proposed change in capital structure?
-Select-The firm should proceed with the recapitalization.The firm should not proceed with the recapitalization.Correct 1 of Item 7
a. MME's current WACC is approximately 10.26%.
b. The current beta on MME's common stock is unknown.
c. MME's unlevered beta (bU) would be the same as its current beta.
d. The new cost of equity would depend on the updated beta value, which is not provided in the problem.
e. The new WACC after the proposed change in capital structure is unknown.
f. The advisability of adopting the proposed change in capital structure cannot be determined without the new WACC.
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is calculated by taking into account the cost of debt, cost of equity, and the weights of debt and equity in the capital structure. In this case, the cost of debt is 7.4%, the cost of equity is 11.8%, and the weights are 35% for debt and 65% for equity. By plugging these values into the formula (0.35 * 0.074) + (0.65 * 0.118), we find that the current WACC is approximately 10.26%.
The beta of MME's common stock is not provided in the given information, so we cannot determine its value.
When a company has no debt in its capital structure, the unlevered beta is equal to the current beta. Since the problem states that MME would have no debt, its unlevered beta (bU) would be the same as its current beta.
To calculate the new cost of equity after the proposed change in capital structure, we need the updated beta value, which is not given in the problem.
To calculate the new WACC, we need the updated cost of debt, cost of equity, and the new weights of debt and equity, which are not provided in the problem.
Based on the given information, we do not have the new WACC after the proposed change in capital structure. Without this information, we cannot assess whether the change would be advisable or not.
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Maria obtained her G2 license last year. 11months ago she went to a
friends’ house for dinner. While at her friends’ house she had 4 glasses
of wine. Her friend Lee gave her permission to drive his car to get
more wine. She left his friends’ house, and on her way to the LCBO,
she was involved in a motor vehicle accident.She failed to
stop at a red light, at Upper James and Mohawk Rd. in Hamilton, and
she struck a cyclist crossing Upper James. The police charged Maria
with refusing to take a breathalyzer. She has now been convicted of this
charge.
The cyclist sustained serious injuries and is a paraplegic as a result of the
accident.
Fully explain who’s insurer will deal with the cyclists’
serious, bodily injury claim, and why?
Lee has an automobile insurance policy with a $1 million third party
liability coverage limit, and Maria has an automobile insurance policy
with $2 million third party liability coverage limit.
Fully include and explain all legal aspects of this cyclists bodily injury
Claims.
Lee's automobile insurance will cover the cyclist's bodily injury claim as Maria was driving his car with permission, making him responsible for her actions.
Maria was driving Lee's car with his permission, which establishes Lee as the owner of the vehicle. As the owner, Lee is legally responsible for any damages or injuries caused by the vehicle while it is being driven by someone with his permission. This concept is known as "vicarious liability" or "owner's liability."
Since Maria was driving Lee's car with permission and caused the accident that resulted in the cyclist's serious bodily injury, the cyclist has the right to make a claim against Lee's automobile insurance policy. Lee's policy includes third-party liability coverage, which is designed to cover damages or injuries caused by the insured vehicle to third parties.
Maria's own automobile insurance policy, even though it has a higher third-party liability coverage limit, would not be responsible for the cyclist's claim because she was driving Lee's car with his permission. It is the responsibility of the vehicle owner's insurance to cover such claims based on the principle of owner's liability.
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