Relative arguments for a firm choosing between internal and external sources of long-term financeThere are various arguments for a company to choose between internal and external sources of long-term finance. Here is an explanation on the relative arguments for a firm to consider when choosing between internal and external sources of long-term finance:Internal Sources of long-term finance Advantages: The major advantage of internal sources of long-term finance is that the company does not have to depend on outsiders. The company is in control of its own finance and does not have to pay interest to outsiders. Furthermore, it reduces the risk of bankruptcy and the company can make the decision independently. For instance, if a company has a lot of reserves, it could use those reserves to finance long-term projects.Disadvantages: The major disadvantage of internal sources of long-term finance is that the funds are limited. The company may not be able to raise sufficient funds to finance long-term projects.External sources of long-term financeAdvantages: The major advantage of external sources of long-term finance is that the company can raise large amounts of funds quickly. Furthermore, external sources of finance could provide long-term financing, which is required for long-term projects. For instance, if a company wants to build a new factory, it can use external sources of finance like debentures, preference shares, or bonds to finance the project. Also, the company can use external sources of finance to improve its creditworthiness.Disadvantages: The major disadvantage of external sources of long-term finance is that the company has to depend on outsiders. The company has to pay interest to outsiders and may be forced to change its decision based on the requirements of the lenders. For instance, if a company issues bonds, it has to make sure it can pay interest on the bonds, or the bondholders may take legal action against the company. Furthermore, external sources of finance could increase the risk of bankruptcy and affect the creditworthiness of the company.Examples of external sources of long-term financeTwo examples of external sources of long-term finance are:1. DebenturesDebentures are long-term financial instruments that are issued by companies to raise capital. Debenture holders receive a fixed rate of interest on their investment. Debentures are usually secured against company assets. For instance, if a company issues debentures, it could use its property as collateral.2. BondsBonds are long-term debt securities issued by companies, governments, or other institutions. Bonds are issued to raise capital. The issuer of the bond agrees to pay the holder a fixed rate of interest over a specified period. Bonds can be traded in the secondary market, and their value may rise or fall depending on market conditions. For instance, if a company issues bonds, it could use the funds to finance long-term projects.
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Define the following Adaptive Strategies
1. Expansion of Scope (five options)
2. Reduction of Scope (four options)
3. Maintenance of Scope (two options)
Adaptive Strategies is a framework that includes different methods for dealing with change. It is a plan that addresses the change, uncertainty, and unpredictability that companies face.
Three Adaptive Strategies include:
Expansion of Scope: This refers to the strategy of broadening or expanding the scope of operations to capitalize on new opportunities. In other words, this Adaptive Strategy aims at growing the company by widening its scope.
Following are the five options for Expansion of Scope:Product Development,Geographical Expansion,Vertical Integration, Diversification, Mergers and Acquisitions.
Reduction of Scope: This refers to the strategy of limiting or reducing the scope of operations to cut down costs and focus on core competencies. It focuses on retrenchment and divestment.
Following are the four options for Reduction of Scope: Retrenchment, Divestiture, Spin-Off, Liquidation.
Maintenance of Scope: This refers to the strategy of keeping the scope of operations constant and maintaining a stable position in the market.
Following are the two options for Maintenance of Scope: Stability, Sustaining.
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Charlie is currently the only employee at his bakery. He can produce 12 cakes per day on his own. If he hires Lucy as an employee, together they can produce 22 cakes per day. Lucy's marginal product equals ____ cakes. a) 22 b) 6 c) 10 d) 11
Lucy's marginal product equals 10 cakes. (Option c)
The marginal product of labor refers to the additional output that is generated by adding one more unit of labor to the production process while keeping all other inputs constant. In this scenario, Charlie can produce 12 cakes per day on his own.
When Lucy is hired as an employee, the total output increases to 22 cakes per day. Therefore, the additional output attributable to Lucy's contribution is 10 cakes (22 - 12). This means that Lucy's marginal product is 10 cakes, as she contributes 10 additional cakes to the daily production when she joins Charlie at the bakery.
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You plan to save a fixed annual amount for your retirement in 30 years. If interest rates are 3.2% how much do you need to save a year in order to have $500,000 in 29 years? (5)
Your company beta is 1.2, the market rate of return is 9% and the risk-free rate of return is 2%. What does the CAPM suggest your expected rate of return should be?
You need to save an amount of $9,200.95 per year to achieve the desired goal after 29 years .The CAPM suggests that the expected rate of return should be 10.4%.
Amount that you need to save per year in order to have $500,000 in 29 years with interest rates of 3.2% can be calculated as follows; Future value = $500,000Present value = 0 Time = 29 - 30 = -1
We can use the following formula to calculate the payments necessary to achieve a future value :
PMT = [tex]FV / ( (1 + r)n - 1) / (1 + r)-nPMT = $500,000 / (((1 + 0.032)) / (1 + 0.032)^3)[/tex] PMT = $9,200.95 Therefore, you need to save an amount of $9,200.95 per year to achieve the desired goal after 29 years.
CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) is an equilibrium asset pricing model that helps to determine the expected rate of return on an investment. It is used to calculate the expected rate of return that an investor should receive on a risky asset in relation to the risk-free rate of return and the market rate of return.
In this question, the company beta is 1.2, the market rate of return is 9% and the risk-free rate of return is 2%.The expected rate of return (ER) on the investment using the CAPM model can be calculated using the following formula:ER = Rf + beta (Rm - Rf) ER = 2% + 1.2 (9% - 2%)ER = 2% + 1.2 (7%) ER = 10.4%
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SPORTS LAW QUESTIONS
An agent is a party who ________.
A. employs another person to act on his or her behalf
B. directs a worker under an express or implied contract of employment
C. agrees to act on behalf of another
D. receives the services of another for remuneration
Martin, who wants to sell a sports arena he owns, authorizes Wilhelm, to find a potential buyer, and finalize a deal above a stipulated price. Wilhelm contracts Chris, a real estate broker, and instructs him to only find a potential buyer and send them over to Wilhelm for the sale. Martin then contracts ReNowait Goodhouses, a home improvement company to renovate the arena. ReNowait completes its work and Martin pays them. Chris then searches for a suitable buyer and finds one in George. George buys the house and Chris is paid for his services. Who performs the role of the agent in this land sale transaction?
A. Wilhelm
B. Martin
C. Chris
D. George
A duty that a principal owes to pay an agreed-upon amount to the agent either upon the completion of the agency or at some other mutually agreeable time is known as a principal's ________.
A. duty to indemnify
B. duty to cooperate
C. duty to reimburse
D. duty to compensate
The ________ is principal's duty to cover the agent for any losses the agent suffers because of the principal's conduct.
A. duty to compensate
B. duty to cooperate
C. duty to reimburse
D. duty to indemnify
The ________ includes keeping records of all property and money received and expended during the course of an agency.
A. duty to notify
B. duty of termination
C. duty to reimburse
D. duty of accountability
An agent is a party who agrees to act on behalf of another. The correct option is C.
Wilhelm performs the role of the agent in this land sale transaction. The correct option is A.
A duty that a principal owes to pay an agreed-upon amount to the agent either upon the completion of the agency or at some other mutually agreeable time is known as a principal's duty to compensate. The correct option is D.
The duty to indemnify is principal's duty to cover the agent for any losses the agent suffers because of the principal's conduct. The correct option is D.
The duty of accountability includes keeping records of all property and money received and expended during the course of an agency. The correct option is D.
An agent is a party who agrees to act on behalf of another. This definition corresponds to the option C.
There are different roles to be played in a land sale transaction, such as the principal, the agent, and the broker. In the scenario given above, Wilhelm performs the role of the agent in this land sale transaction. He was authorized by Martin to find a potential buyer, and finalize a deal above a stipulated price. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
A duty that a principal owes to pay an agreed-upon amount to the agent either upon the completion of the agency or at some other mutually agreeable time is known as a principal's duty to compensate. This is the definition of the option D. The correct answer is option D.
The duty to indemnify is principal's duty to cover the agent for any losses the agent suffers because of the principal's conduct. This is the definition of option D. The correct answer is option D.
The duty of accountability includes keeping records of all property and money received and expended during the course of an agency. This definition corresponds to option D. The correct answer is option D.
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Post a 2–3 paragraph summary (at least 250 words) of your scholarly thinking. Take the political savvy survey, study the political savvy style grid, and discuss your political style and its organizational strengths
The strengths of each political style can vary depending on the organizational context and the specific goals and challenges faced. Developing political savvy and leveraging one's strengths can contribute to effective leadership, successful project management, and the ability to influence positive change within organizations.
Political savvy refers to the ability to effectively navigate organizational politics and influence others to achieve personal and organizational goals. It involves understanding power dynamics, building relationships, and strategically managing information to gain support and influence decision-making. The Political Savvy Style Grid is a framework that categorizes individuals into four different political styles: the Craftsperson, the Advocate, the Achiever, and the Strategist.
Each political style has its own organizational strengths:
1. Craftsperson: Craftspersons are highly skilled individuals who rely on their expertise and knowledge to navigate politics. They are known for their technical proficiency and ability to deliver high-quality work. Their organizational strength lies in their credibility and reputation as reliable problem-solvers, which earns them respect and influence within their areas of expertise.
2. Advocate: Advocates are passionate individuals who actively champion causes and work towards their goals. They excel at building relationships and mobilizing support for their initiatives. Their organizational strength lies in their ability to rally others around a common vision and generate enthusiasm and commitment for their ideas.
3. Achiever: Achievers are goal-oriented individuals who focus on results and achieving objectives. They are adept at setting clear targets, managing resources efficiently, and driving projects to successful completion. Their organizational strength lies in their ability to deliver tangible outcomes and drive organizational performance.
4. Strategist: Strategists are adept at understanding the big picture and navigating complex political dynamics. They excel at building alliances, influencing decision-making, and anticipating future trends. Their organizational strength lies in their ability to see beyond immediate challenges, shape long-term strategies, and foster collaboration across different stakeholder groups.
It's important to note that the strengths of each political style can vary depending on the organizational context and the specific goals and challenges faced. Developing political savvy and leveraging one's strengths can contribute to effective leadership, successful project management, and the ability to influence positive change within organizations.
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Explain how each of the following transactions generate two entries (a credit and a debit) in the Japanese balance of payments accounts, and describe how each entry would be classified: (a) a Japanese buys a car from Germany with cash. (b) a Japanese investor buys a Korean stock with cash. (c) a German trades a mug of beer for a glass of sake from a Japanese.
Each of the given transactions generates two entries (a credit and a debit) in the Japanese balance of payments accounts.
In transaction (a), the Japanese buying a car from Germany with cash results in a debit entry for imports and a credit entry for capital outflow.
In transaction (b), the Japanese investor buying a Korean stock with cash leads to a debit entry for capital outflow and a credit entry for financial investment.
In transaction (c), the German trading a mug of beer for a glass of sake from a Japanese generates a debit entry for exports and a credit entry for imports.
In transaction (a), when a Japanese buys a car from Germany with cash, it is considered an import of goods for Japan. The payment made in cash results in a debit entry in the current account, specifically under the category of imports. Simultaneously, there is a credit entry in the financial account, representing the capital outflow from Japan to Germany as the cash payment is considered an outflow of financial assets.
In transaction (b), when a Japanese investor buys a Korean stock with cash, it involves a financial investment from Japan. The cash payment made by the Japanese investor leads to a debit entry in the financial account, reflecting the capital outflow. On the other hand, there is a credit entry in the financial account, representing the foreign financial asset acquired by the Japanese investor in the form of the Korean stock.
In transaction (c), when a German trades a mug of beer for a glass of sake from a Japanese, it involves the exchange of goods between the two countries. The Japanese export of sake to Germany results in a debit entry in the current account, categorized as exports. At the same time, there is a credit entry in the current account, representing the import of goods by Japan, specifically the beer received from Germany.
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Harrison Company expects to sell 150,000 units of Its product next year, which would generate total sales of $12,000,000 Management predicts that income for next year will be $1,200,000 and that the contribution margin per unit will be $30. Complete the below table to calculate the next year's expected variable costs and fixed costs. HARRISON COMPANY Forecasted Contribution Margin Income Statement Units $ per unit Contribution margin 150,000 S 30
The below table will be completed to calculate next year's expected variable costs and fixed costs: Harrison Company's Forecasted Contribution Margin Income Statement Units $ per unit Contribution margin150,000 $30 $4,500,000
Calculation for Forecasted variable costs: Particulars Amount ($)Contribution margin $4,500,000Variable costs $3,300,000
Calculation :Variable costs= Contribution margin - Income
Forecasted variable costs for next year will be $3,300,000.
Calculation for Forecasted fixed costs: Particulars Amount($) Contribution margin $4,500,000Fixed costs $3,300,000
Calculation :Income = Contribution margin - Fixed costs
Fixed costs = Contribution margin - Income Forecasted fixed costs for next year will be $3,300,000.
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What is a pay grade? Select one: a. Feedback from a compensation survey b. A mini-maxi system for pay c. The same as a pay range d. Same as job descriptions e. A grouping of jobs
A pay grade refers to a grouping of jobs that have similar salary or wage ranges. So, the correct option is (e) A grouping of jobs.
Pay grade is a system by which a company groups jobs based on their worth. It is a hierarchical ranking of jobs based on their level of responsibility, authority, and complexity. Jobs are grouped into pay grades and assigned salary ranges based on education, experience, and job performance. The pay grade system helps companies pay their employees fairly and consistently while allowing compensation flexibility. It helps employees understand where they fit into the company's pay structure and provides them with a clear path for career advancement. Pay grades can also help attract and retain talent by offering competitive compensation packages that are fair and transparent.
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Which of the following is a period cost? (select ALL correct answers) annual rent for the sales office ($20,000) sales manager's bonus (a fixed percentage of sales) monthly salaries of production supervisors ($6,000) annual rent for the factory ($40,000)
The period costs among the given options are the annual rent for the sales office ($20,000) and the sales manager's bonus (a fixed percentage of sales).
Period costs are expenses that are not directly associated with the production of goods or services but are incurred over a specific period. They are typically expensed in the period in which they are incurred. In the provided options, the annual rent for the sales office is a period cost because it is an expense related to maintaining the office space for conducting sales activities. It is not directly tied to the production process.
Similarly, the sales manager's bonus, which is a fixed percentage of sales, is also a period cost. It is a variable expense that is dependent on the level of sales achieved during the period. The bonus is not directly associated with production supervision but is a cost incurred for managing and incentivizing sales performance. On the other hand, the monthly salaries of production supervisors and the annual rent for the factory are considered product costs as they are directly linked to the production process.
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Suppose the dollar-euro exchange rate, E$/€, are as follows: in New York, $1.1 per euro; and in Paris, $1.23 per euro. a. Describe how investors use arbitrage to take advantage of the difference in exchange rates. b. As a result of the arbitrage that occurs, explain what happens to each of the currencies (appreciation or depreciation). When is equilibrium restored?
a. Investors use arbitrage to take advantage of the difference in exchange rates by exploiting the opportunity for risk-free profits. In this case, they can engage in a simple form of arbitrage called "buying low and selling high." Investors in New York can buy euros for $1.1 per euro, and then sell them in Paris for $1.23 per euro, making a profit of $0.13 per euro in the process. By repeatedly engaging in this arbitrage activity, investors can continue to exploit the difference in exchange rates until it diminishes.
b. As a result of the arbitrage activities, the currencies will experience adjustments in their values. In this scenario, the US dollar (USD) would appreciate, meaning it becomes stronger relative to the euro (€), as investors in New York buy euros and increase the demand for euros. On the other hand, the euro would depreciate, weakening in value relative to the dollar, as investors sell euros in Paris, increasing the supply of euros.
Equilibrium is restored in the foreign exchange market when the exchange rate reaches a level where arbitrage opportunities no longer exist. In this case, the continuous arbitrage activities would lead to an increase in demand for euros in New York, causing the euro to appreciate in that market. Similarly, the continuous selling of euros in Paris would increase the supply of euros, causing the euro to depreciate in that market. Eventually, as the exchange rates adjust and reach a point where the cross-market arbitrage profits disappear, equilibrium is restored, and the exchange rate settles at a level where there is no longer an incentive for further arbitrage activities.
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Which of the following is true about older adults living and working longer? It is producing new healthcare jobs It is reducing the number of available jobs for younger people They are helping the economy by continuing to contribute All of the above Question 8 (1 point) Which of the following is TRUE about caregiving in the US? Most care is provided by "formal caregivers" who are paid for the care they provide Medicare pays for formal caregivers to assist older adults who need help with their ADLs Individuals who do NOT have family and friends to help care for them as they age are much more likely to end up in a nursing home as they age. Becoming a caregiver for an aging family member is generally a rewarding experience that does not have any adverse financial, emotional, or physical impacts. Question 9 (1 point) Older adults always prefer to live with their other family members because they get Ionely when they live alone. True False The proportion of older adults in the United States population is getting smaller and is predicted to continue to decrease. True False
The statement "All of the above" is true about older adults living and working longer.
It is producing new healthcare jobs, reducing the number of available jobs for younger people, and helping the economy by continuing to contribute. The statement "Individuals who do NOT have family and friends to help care for them as they age are much more likely to end up in a nursing home as they age" is true about caregiving in the US.
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Ivanhoe Company issues $6,000,000, 10-year, 8% bonds at 94, with interest payable annually on January 1. Prepare the journal entry to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2022.
The journal entry to record the sale of the bonds on January 1, 2022, for Ivanhoe Company would be as follows:
Date: January 1, 2022
Cash (Proceeds from bond issuance) $5,640,000
Discount on Bonds Payable 360,000
Bonds Payable 6,000,000
Explanation:
Cash is debited for the amount received from the bond issuance, which is $5,640,000 ($6,000,000 x 94%).
Discount on Bonds Payable is debited for the discount amount of $360,000, which represents the difference between the face value of the bonds and the amount received.
Bonds Payable is credited for the face value of the bonds, which is $6,000,000.
This journal entry records the initial sale of the bonds, recognizing the cash received and the liability created for the bond issuance. The Discount on Bonds Payable account represents the unamortized discount that will be gradually amortized over the life of the bonds.
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What elements are included in the definition of a product?
Question 7 options:
a)
Goods
b)
Services
c)
Goods and services
d)
Goods, services, and ideas
The definition of a product includes goods (tangible items), services (intangible actions), and ideas (intellectual property), representing the various elements offered in the market for consumption or use.
A product refers to something that is offered to the market for consumption or use. It can encompass various tangible and intangible elements.
Goods are physical items that can be seen, touched, and consumed. They are tangible products that are manufactured or produced and can satisfy a customer's needs or desires.
Services, on the other hand, are intangible products that involve performing actions or providing assistance to fulfill a customer's needs. Services are often performed by individuals or organizations and can include activities such as consulting, repairing, teaching, or healthcare.
Ideas, although intangible, can also be considered as products. They represent concepts, innovations, or intellectual property that can be marketed and consumed. Examples include patents, trademarks, copyrights, and software.
Therefore, the definition of a product includes goods (tangible items), services (intangible actions), and ideas (intellectual property). Understanding these elements is essential in marketing and business as they form the basis for identifying, developing, and delivering value to customers.
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What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Singapore
education system and what can Singapore learn from education
systems of other countries? e.g. Germany’s Vocational
System
The strengths of the Singapore education system lie in its high standards of academic achievement, strong emphasis on STEM education, and effective teacher training and development.
Singapore consistently ranks highly in international assessments, demonstrating the effectiveness of its rigorous curriculum and focus on core subjects. The system also places importance on attracting and retaining high-quality teachers through competitive salaries and professional development opportunities.
However, there are also weaknesses in the Singapore education system. The emphasis on academic excellence and intense competition can create high levels of stress among students. The heavy reliance on standardized testing may limit creativity and critical thinking skills. Additionally, there can be limited flexibility in subject choices, which may hinder students' exploration of different interests and talents.
Singapore can learn from the education systems of other countries to address these weaknesses. For example, Germany's vocational system provides a valuable alternative pathway for students who prefer hands-on learning and practical skills. Singapore could explore incorporating more vocational education and apprenticeship programs to cater to a wider range of student abilities and career aspirations.
Other countries can offer insights into fostering a more holistic education approach. Finland's education system, known for its focus on well-being and individualized learning, can inspire Singapore to prioritize student well-being and provide more personalized learning experiences. The emphasis on creativity and innovation in countries like the United States can also inform Singapore's efforts to promote critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
By studying and adopting successful practices from other countries, Singapore can enhance its education system by promoting well-rounded development, reducing stress levels, and providing diverse pathways for students to thrive. This approach can help create a balanced education system that prepares students for future challenges and nurtures their individual talents and passions.
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u recently came up with an idea to improve work processes in your department. You decided to communicate this idea to your boss. However, you'll need to convince her that your sa is sound and can be realistically implemented. According to research discussed we in class, which of the following influence tactics would be most effective to use on your boss? When pitching your idea, warn your boss that there are a lot of other companies out there who would be very happy to have someone with such great ideas as this one.
When pitching your idea, try to get on your boss’ good side by flattering them.
Before piching the idea, try to get your boss invested in it by asking their advice for how to improve the idea.
leveraging the influence tactic of seeking advice and involving your boss in the idea development process is the most effective approach when pitching your idea and convincing your boss of its soundness and feasibility. This fosters a sense of ownership, collaboration, and increases the chances of gaining support for your proposal.
According to research discussed in class, the most effective influence tactic to use on your boss when pitching your idea and convincing her that it is sound and can be realistically implemented would be to **ask for advice** and get your boss invested in the idea.
By seeking your boss's advice and input, you demonstrate respect for her expertise and show that you value her opinion. This approach taps into the influence tactic known as **consultation**. When you involve your boss in the decision-making process and seek her guidance, it increases her sense of ownership and investment in the idea. It also creates a collaborative atmosphere where both parties work together to improve the concept, making it more likely that your boss will support and champion the idea.
By asking for your boss's advice, you implicitly acknowledge her expertise and experience, which can enhance her perception of your idea and increase the likelihood of her endorsing it. Additionally, getting your boss involved early on allows her to provide valuable insights and suggestions, which can help refine and strengthen the proposal.
On the other hand, using influence tactics such as warning your boss about other companies or flattery may not be as effective in this scenario. While it is important to highlight the potential benefits and value of your idea, it is more impactful to engage your boss in a collaborative conversation rather than resorting to external pressure or excessive flattery.
In summary, leveraging the influence tactic of seeking advice and involving your boss in the idea development process is the most effective approach when pitching your idea and convincing your boss of its soundness and feasibility. This fosters a sense of ownership, collaboration, and increases the chances of gaining support for your proposal.
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Which of the following statements concerning the U.S. workforce is true?
A) American-born white males constitute only 15% of the new entrants to the workforce.
B) Women now represent about half of the workforce.
C) The Hispanic community in the United States is increasing by 1.7 million a year.
D) all of the above
Based on the prompt, which of these goals should you
have in this assignment? check all that apply.
to influence your audience
to communicate your ideas
to explain your reasoning
to address other perspectives
to create a presentation
Based on the given options, the goals that should be applicable for this assignment are to communicate your ideas, to explain your reasoning, and to address other perspectives. Option b, c and d are correct.
Communicating your ideas is important in order to effectively convey your thoughts and findings regarding the topic or subject at hand. Explaining your reasoning allows you to provide logical and coherent explanations for your arguments and conclusions, helping your audience understand your thought process. Addressing other perspectives shows that you have considered different viewpoints and provides a well-rounded analysis of the topic. However, the prompt does not indicate the need to influence your audience or create a presentation, so those goals may not be relevant in this specific assignment. Option b, c and d are correct.
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Following paragraphs extracted from a news story by CNBC China trade deficit has cost the US 3.7 million jobs this century, report says The U.S. has lost 3.7 million jobs since 2001 due to its trade imbalance with China, with most of the damage done to manufacturing, according to a report released Thursday. Among the study's findings: Some 1.7 million jobs have disappeared since the beginning of the financial crisis in 2008 ; of the total losses, 2.8 million, or about three-quarters, have come from manufacturing; and the deficit continues to grow, with employment taking a hit across all 50 states even as nonfarm payrolls have continued to grow. a. Suppose that the trade between U.S. and China could be modelled by the one-factor Ricardian, with two sectors as manufacturing and non-manufacturing. Explain whether the disappeared jobs in manufacturing sector is a problem and hurts the workers. State any key assumptions behind your argument. (5 marks) b. Suppose that the trade is better modelled by the Heckscher-Ohlin model, which manufacturing sector is less-skilled-worker intensive and non-manufacturing is skilledworker intensive. Explain how it would affect your answer in part a. (5 marks)
The disappearance of jobs in the manufacturing sector due to the trade imbalance with China can be considered a problem for workers.
a) The disappearance of jobs in the manufacturing sector can be seen as a problem for workers because it can lead to unemployment and potentially negative impacts on their livelihoods. Manufacturing jobs often provide stable employment and offer opportunities for workers with different skill levels. When these jobs disappear due to trade imbalances, workers may face difficulties in finding equivalent jobs in other sectors, especially if they lack the necessary skills for alternative employment. This can lead to long-term unemployment, income inequality, and a decline in the overall well-being of affected workers and their communities.
b) If the trade between the U.S. and China is better modeled by the Heckscher-Ohlin model, where manufacturing is less-skilled-worker intensive and non-manufacturing is skilled-worker intensive, it would affect the answer in part a. In this case, the disappearance of manufacturing jobs may not be as detrimental to workers with higher skill levels who are more likely to find employment in the skilled-worker-intensive non-manufacturing sector. However, it would still be a problem for less-skilled workers who may face challenges in transitioning to the non-manufacturing sector due to the required skill set. The impact on workers would depend on their skill levels and the availability of job opportunities in the non-manufacturing sector.
Overall, regardless of the specific trade model, the disappearance of manufacturing jobs can have negative consequences for workers, particularly those with lower skill levels. It is important to address the issue through policies that support job creation, skills development, and a transition to sectors with growth potential.
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Vibrant Company had $1,050,000 of sales in each of three consecutive years 2016–2018, and it purchased merchandise costing $575,000 in each of those years. It also maintained a $350,000 physical inventory from the beginning to the end of that three-year period. In accounting for inventory, it made an error at the end of year 2016 that caused its year-end 2016 inventory to appear on its statements as $330,000 rather than the correct $350,000.
Required:
1. Determine the correct amount of the company’s gross profit in each of the years 2016–2018.
2. Prepare comparative income statements to show the effect of this error on the company's cost of goods sold and gross profit for each of the years 2016−2018.
1. The correct amount of the company's gross profit in each of the years 2016-2018 is $475,000.
2. The inventory error had no effect on the company's reported cost of goods sold and gross profit for each of the years 2016-2018.
1. The correct gross profit can be calculated by subtracting the cost of goods sold from sales. In this case, the sales were $1,050,000 and the cost of goods sold was $575,000 for each year. Therefore, the correct gross profit for each year is $475,000.
2. The inventory error, which caused the year-end 2016 inventory to be reported as $330,000 instead of the correct $350,000, does not affect the cost of goods sold or the gross profit. Since the cost of goods sold is calculated based on the actual cost of merchandise purchased, the error in inventory valuation does not impact the reported figures for cost of goods sold and gross profit in the subsequent years (2017 and 2018).
In summary, the correct gross profit for each year is $475,000, and the inventory error does not have any effect on the reported cost of goods sold and gross profit for the years 2016-2018.
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Please show work using excel.
Problem 1
You had some unexpected expenses so you are considering working with a questionable lender.
The loan is for $970 and you pay it back 17 days later. You would have to pay back $1400 at the end of the 17 days. Assume the company compounds interst every 17 days. 1a. What is the effective interst rate per year? 1b. What would you owe if you kept the money for 1 year?
In summary, the effective interest rate per year is approximately 309.7%. If you were to keep the loan for one year, the amount owed would be approximately $1,274.53.
To calculate the effective interest rate per year, we need to first determine the interest earned over the 17-day period. We can then use this information to extrapolate the rate for a year.
1a. To find the interest earned over 17 days, we subtract the initial loan amount from the amount to be repaid: $1400 - $970 = $430. Therefore, the interest earned is $430.
To calculate the effective interest rate per year, we can use the following formula:
Effective Interest Rate = (1 + Interest Rate)^(365/t) - 1
Where "t" represents the number of days in the period. In this case, t = 17.
Plugging in the values, we get:
Effective Interest Rate = (1 + 430/970)^(365/17) - 1
Using Excel, we can input the formula as "= (1 + 430/970)^(365/17) - 1" and calculate the result. The calculated effective interest rate per year is approximately 309.7%.
1b. To determine the amount owed if the money is kept for one year, we need to consider the compounding effect of interest. Using the formula for compound interest, we can calculate the final amount as follows:
Final Amount = Principal * (1 + Interest Rate)^(365/t)
Where "Principal" is the initial loan amount, and "t" is the number of days in the period. In this case, t = 17.
Plugging in the values, we get:
Final Amount = $970 * (1 + 430/970)^(365/17)
Using Excel, we can input the formula as "= $970 * (1 + 430/970)^(365/17)" and calculate the result. The amount owed after one year is approximately $1,274.53.
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In which market structures is there easy entry/exit? There is more than one correct answer to this question. You must mark all of the correct answers to receive full credit for this question. O monopoly O monopolistic competition O perfect competition O oligopoly
The correct answers are:
Perfect competition
Monopolistic competition
Both perfect competition and monopolistic competition are market structures where there is relatively easy entry and exit of firms. In perfect competition, there are many small firms that can freely enter or exit the market without significant barriers. Monopolistic competition is similar to perfect competition but with some product differentiation, allowing firms to differentiate their products and attract customers. In both cases, new firms can enter the market if they see an opportunity for profit, and existing firms can exit if they are unable to compete effectively.
On the other hand, oligopoly is a market structure characterized by a small number of large firms dominating the market. Entry and exit barriers are typically high in an oligopoly, making it difficult for new firms to enter the market and compete with established players.
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The local driver's license center processes applications for driver's license renewals through the following three steps. First, the customer registers with the receptionist, who updates the customer's information in the database. This first step takes 2 minutes per customer. Then, the customer visits one of two cashiers to pay the associated fees for the license renewal. This takes 8 minutes per customer because several forms must be printed from the computer and signed by the customer. Finally, the customer visits one of three license processing stations where the customer's picture is taken, and the license is printed. This final step takes 15 minutes per customer. Questions; a. Draw a process flow diagram of this process. (30/100) b. Assuming unlimited demand, what is the flow rate of the process in customers per hour? (30/100) c. Assuming unlimited demand, what would the new flow rate be if the center added one server to the bottleneck resource? (40/100)
a. Process flow diagram: customer registration -> cashier payment -> license processing.
b. Flow rate: Total available time per hour divided by the sum of processing times for each step.
c. Adding a server to the bottleneck resource increases the flow rate by relieving the bottleneck and improving process capacity.
a. The process flow diagram illustrates the sequential steps involved in the driver's license renewal process, starting from customer registration, followed by payment at the cashier, and concluding with license processing stations. It visually represents the flow and order of activities in the process.
b. To calculate the flow rate, we need to determine the total available time per hour. Assuming a standard work hour of 60 minutes, we can calculate the flow rate by dividing 60 minutes by the sum of the processing times for each step. In this case, the registration step takes 2 minutes per customer, the cashier step takes 8 minutes per customer, and the license processing step takes 15 minutes per customer. Therefore, the flow rate would be 60 / (2 + 8 + 15) = 60 / 25 = 2.4 customers per hour.
c. If an additional server is added to the bottleneck resource, which in this case is the license processing stations with a processing time of 15 minutes per customer, the bottleneck is relieved. This means that the capacity of the process is increased, and more customers can be served within the same time frame. As a result, the flow rate would increase, reflecting a higher number of customers processed per hour compared to the previous rate.
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During 2021 equipment was sold for $73,400. This equipment cost $110,000 and had a book value of $70,800. Accumulated depreciation for equipment was $320,700 at 12/31/20 and $304,300 at 12/31/21. Complete the cash flow statement below: (Show amounts that decrease cash flow with either a− sign e 8 . −15,000 or in parenthesis eg. (15,000).
Cash flow statement: Cash flow from investing activities: Proceeds from the sale of equipment $73,400Less: the cost of equipment $110,000Less: Book value of equipment (Direct answer) $70,800Loss on sale of equipment (Calculation) $34,800Calculation of Loss on sale of equipment: Proceeds from the sale of equipment $73,400Less: Book value of equipment $70,800Loss on sale of equipment $2,600 ($2,600)Decrease in cash flow $38,200Explanation:It is given that the equipment was sold for $73,400. It's important to calculate the loss on the sale of equipment by deducting the Book value from the Proceeds from the sale of equipment.
Loss on sale of equipment = Proceeds from the sale of equipment - Book value of equipment Loss on sale of equipment = $73,400 - $70,800Loss on sale of equipment = $2,600This amount is negative as this means there is a loss on the sale of equipment. Hence, the Loss on sale of equipment will be shown in the Cash flow statement with a bracket indicating a decrease in cash flow. The decrease in cash flow is calculated by adding the loss on sale of equipment with the cost of equipment and the book value of equipment. Decrease in cash flow = Proceeds from the sale of equipment - Cost of equipment - Book value of equipment - Loss on sale of equipment Decrease in cash flow = $73,400 - $110,000 - $70,800 - $2,600Decrease in cash flow = $38,200Hence, the Cash flow statement for the given information is: Cash flow statement: Cash flow from investing activities: Proceeds from the sale of equipment (Direct answer) $73,400Less: the cost of equipment (Direct answer) $110,000Less: Book value of equipment (Direct answer) $70,800Loss on sale of equipment (Calculation) $34,800Decrease in cash flow $38,200
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Earlier this year, Target became the seventh-largest retailer by sales in the U.S. It had a whopping $78.1 billion in revenue in 2019, and despite difficulties presented by the coronavirus pandemic, profits rose more than 80% year over year in the fiscal second quarter of 2020 with record online business.
Since its debut in Roseville, Minnesota, in 1962, Target has grown to 1,880 stores across all 50 states and now has a devoted fanbase who lovingly refer to the brand as "Tarjay."
How does Target keep its shoppers hooked? The retail giant has revolutionised the shopping experience. From the width of the aisles to the placement of dollar bins, everything is carefully designed to entice customers.
"Expect More. Pay Less" has been Target’s slogan since the mid-’90s. One of the key ways the company breeds loyalty and excitement is with its popular private labels and designer collaborations.
Target began working with high-end designers like Isaac Mizrahi and Vera Wang in 1999, and its popular private clothing lines A New Day and Cat & Jack now account for $1 billion and $2 billion in annual sales, respectively.
"They have one of the best private-label strategies of any retailer in the United States," says Bob Hoyler, senior analyst at Euromonitor International. "They’re the envy of even Amazon when it comes to their private-label strategy in apparel."
Neuroscientist and marketing expert Terry Wu says the anticipation of these lines can even create a physiological response, giving customers a dopamine rush.
"That surge of dopamine actually drives us to go back to Target, to buy again and again," Wu says. "This is how they build loyalty."
And once you’re in the store, strategic design elements keep you engaged. From the dollar bin right at the front, which one frequent shopper calls "dessert" because she says "there’s always something I never knew that I needed," to lightweight plastic shopping carts that are easier to push around than metal ones, and its signature red and white color palette, making it look bright and clean and easier to spot employees.
"Target has been able to elevate what’s at the end of the day, just a general merchandise, big-box retailer," says CNBC.com consumer and retail reporter Melissa Repko.
Who is Target’s target customer and what is the price strategy of Target?
What are the product strategies of Target? Use the information from the video to discuss the design collaboration of Target What is the brand positioning of Target? Use the information from the video to discuss the private label of Target. Target encourages customers to buy more when they are in their store. Discuss which strategies Target uses to impact consumer behaviour.
Target's target customers are value-conscious shoppers. The company uses competitive pricing, design collaborations, and strategic in-store elements to impact consumer behavior and foster loyalty.
Target's target customers are value-conscious shoppers who seek affordable products without compromising on quality. The company's price strategy focuses on offering competitive prices and value-for-money deals to attract and retain customers.
Target employs various product strategies, including its renowned design collaborations with high-end designers like Isaac Mizrahi and Vera Wang. These collaborations help create exclusive and fashionable private clothing lines that generate significant annual sales. Target's brand positioning is centered around the concept of "Expect More. Pay Less," emphasizing its commitment to providing quality products at affordable prices.
The company's private label strategy, particularly in apparel, is highly regarded, rivaling even Amazon. Target leverages the anticipation of new product lines to create a dopamine-driven response in customers, fostering loyalty and repeat purchases.
Additionally, Target employs strategic design elements in-store, such as attractive displays and accessible layout, to engage customers and encourage additional purchases. These strategies collectively impact consumer behavior, driving sales and enhancing customer loyalty.
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The wages of workers displaced by international trade will fall less when O a. unemployment benefits are made less generous. b. workers are close substitutes with foreign workers. c. the scale effect is larger. d. the substitution effect is larger.
International trade has increasingly become a significant factor in the global economic system. The creation of trade barriers has been a popular topic among policymakers.
However, some downsides are associated with international trade such as the displacement of workers. Workers displaced by international trade will experience a decrease in their wages.
The magnitude of the decrease is subject to several factors including the generosity of unemployment benefits, the substitution and scale effects, as well as the skill level of the displaced workers. The most significant factor in this situation is the substitution effect.
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B. Higgins, J. Mayo, and N. Rice have capital balances of $85,000, $74,000, and $68,000, respectively. They share income or loss on a 5:3:2 basis. Rice withdraws from the partnership under each of the following conditions. 1.- Rice is paid $72,080 in cash from partnership assets, and a bonus is granted to the retiring partner. 2. Rice is paid $64,000 in cash from partnership assets, and bonuses are granted to the remaining partners. Journalize the withdrawal of Rice under each of the assumptions above. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) No. Account Titles and Explanation ____ Debit ____ Credit ____
The journal entries for Rice's withdrawal from the partnership under the given conditions are given below:1. Rice is paid $72,080 in cash from partnership assets, and a bonus is granted to the retiring partner.
Therefore, it is considered as a loss for the partnership. The amount of loss is calculated as follows:
Amount paid to Rice = $72,080
Retiring bonus = (Capital balance of Rice x percentage share of Rice) - Amount paid to Rice = (68000 x 2/10) - 72080 = 1360 - 72080 = -70720 (negative balance means that it is a loss for the partnership)
Total loss = Amount paid to Rice + Retiring bonus = 72080 + (-70720) = 1360
Therefore, Rice's withdrawal journal entry is:Account Title/Explanation Debit Credit Cash $72,080
Rice's Capital Account ($68,000 x 2/10) $13,600 Higgins' Capital Account ($85,000 x 5/10) $34,000
Mayo's Capital Account ($74,000 x 3/10) $20,480 Loss on withdrawal of partner ($1,360) Total $72,080 $72,0802.
Rice is paid $64,000 in cash from partnership assets, and bonuses are granted to the remaining partners.In this case, Rice is leaving the partnership with the consent of the other partners. Therefore, it is considered as a goodwill of the partnership. The amount of goodwill is calculated as follows:
Amount paid to Rice = $64,000
Goodwill = (Total capital of remaining partners x percentage share of Rice) - Amount paid to Rice= [(85000 + 74000) x 2/10] - 64000= 15900
Therefore, Rice's withdrawal journal entry is:
Account Title/Explanation Debit Credit Cash $64,000
Rice's Capital Account ($68,000 x 2/10) $13,600
Goodwill $15,900
Higgins' Capital Account ($85,000 x 5/10) $26,325
Mayo's Capital Account ($74,000 x 3/10) $18,175
Total $79,500 $79,500
Note: In the above journal entries, account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered.
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Round your answers to two decimal places. \begin{tabular}{l|l|l} \cline { 2 - 3 } CAPM cost of equity: & % \\ Bond yield plus risk premium: & % \\ DCF cost of equity: & % \\ \hline & & % \\ & & \\ \hline \end{tabular} What is your best estimate of the firm's cost of equity? -Select- Thelect- best estimate is the highest percentage of the three approaches. The best estimate is the average of the three approaches. The best estimate is the lowest percentage of the three approaches. Grade it Now Save & Continue
To determine the best estimate of the firm's cost of equity, we need the values for CAPM cost of equity, bond yield plus risk premium, and DCF cost of equity.
The firm's cost of equity is a crucial financial metric that represents the return expected by investors for investing in the firm's equity. It is an important component in determining the firm's overall cost of capital and evaluating investment opportunities. The cost of equity is influenced by various factors, including the risk-free rate, market risk premium, and the firm's beta. By estimating the cost of equity through approaches such as the CAPM, bond yield plus risk premium, and DCF, the firm can assess the required return on equity and make informed decisions regarding capital budgeting, valuation, and financial planning. Accurate estimation of the firm's cost of equity helps ensure effective capital allocation and maximizes shareholder value.
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Jennifer, a student at Tech, plans to open a hot dog stand inside Tech's football stadium during home games. There are several home games scheduled for the upcoming season. She must pay the Tech athletic department a vendor's fee of $4,100 for the season. Her stand and other equipment will cost her $3,700 for the season. She estimates that each hot dog she sells will cost her $2.10. Based on their information and the athletic department's forecast that each game will sell out, she anticipate that she will sell approximately 4,500 hot dogs during the home games. What price should she charge for a hot dog to break even? Round to two decimal places. O 2.53 O 2.75 O 3.44 O 3.83 O 4.21
Jennifer should charge $3.44 for a hot dog to break even.
To calculate the price Jennifer should charge for a hot dog to break even, we need to consider the costs involved and the number of hot dogs she anticipates selling.
Total costs = Vendor's fee + Stand and equipment cost + (Cost per hot dog * Number of hot dogs sold)
Total costs = $4,100 + $3,700 + ($2.10 * 4,500) = $4,100 + $3,700 + $9,450 = $17,250
To break even, Jennifer needs to cover her total costs. Since she plans to sell 4,500 hot dogs, the price per hot dog can be calculated as:
Price per hot dog = Total costs / Number of hot dogs sold
Price per hot dog = $17,250 / 4,500 = $3.44 (rounded to two decimal places)
In order to break even and cover all her costs, Jennifer should charge $3.44 for a hot dog. This calculation takes into account the vendor's fee, the cost of the stand and equipment, the cost of each hot dog sold, and the anticipated number of hot dogs sold during the home games.
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"Poland broke the shackles of Soviet communist domination three decades ago. Free for the first time since World War II, Poland cast off its yoke of government control and central planning in favour of an American-style free enterprise system where consumers, not elected officials or bureaucrats, drive investment, production and buying decisions." Source: https://www.chronline.com/stories/brunell-commentary-our-economy-works-when-consumers-pick- winners 273515 Accessed: 14/10/21 The result to the Polish economy is that prices will determine... a. only the mix of output to be produced and the resources to be used in the production process. b. only the resources to be used in the production process and for whom the output is produced. c. the mix of output to be produced, the resources to be used in the production process, and for whom the output is produced. d. only for whom the output is produced and the mix of output to be produced. U markal
The result of the shift to an American-style free enterprise system in Poland is that prices will determine the mix of output to be produced, the resources to be used in the production process, and for whom the output is produced.
This means that the correct option is C. Poland broke the shackles of Soviet communist domination three decades ago. The country went free for the first time since World War II. Poland cast off its yoke of government control and central planning to adopt an American-style free enterprise system.
In this system, consumers, not elected officials or bureaucrats, drive investment, production, and buying decisions.The shift from communism to a free-market economy has resulted in a significant shift in the way the country's economy operates.
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A 5-year Treasury bond has a 2.05% yield. A 10-year Treasury
bond has a 3.5% yield. A 10-year corporate bond has an 8.5% yield.
The market expects that inflation will average 2% over the next 10
years
Treasury bonds are issued by the United States government, whereas corporate bonds are issued by businesses. Treasury bonds are thought to be risk-free, whereas corporate bonds are associated with more danger.Inflation is defined as the pace at which the prices of goods and services increase over time.
Inflation has a significant impact on a country's economy since it has a ripple impact on the prices of goods and services, the value of currency, and even employment levels. Inflation is influenced by a number of variables, including consumer demand, government policy, and the supply of money.
Therefore, the market expects that inflation will average 2% over the next 10 years.Inflation reduces the purchasing power of your money, which is why investors are worried about inflation and prefer to put their money into investments that outperform inflation. Bonds are one of these investments because they pay interest, which is a fixed payment on the principal sum.
As a result, the bondholder is paid a fixed interest rate regardless of what happens to inflation. An investor must subtract the inflation rate from the bond's yield.
Actual return on a 5-year Treasury bond: 2.05% - 2% = 0.05%Actual return on a 10-year Treasury bond: 3.5% - 2% = 1.5%Actual return on a 10-year corporate bond: 8.5% - 2% = 6.5%
In conclusion, the actual rate of return on the 10-year corporate bond is highest, at 6.5 percent, while the actual rate of return on the 5-year Treasury bond is lowest, at 0.05 percent.
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