To calculate the depreciation amounts using the EFFORT method, we need to subtract the scrap value from the initial cash value of the photocopy machine and divide the result by the number of years of its useful life as it would be 15,000 TL.
The EFFORT method calculates depreciation by subtracting the scrap value from the initial cash value of the asset and dividing the result by the number of years of its useful life. This provides the annual depreciation amount.
In this case, the cash value of the photocopy machine is 100,000 TL, and the scrap value at the end of its useful life is 25,000 TL.
To calculate the annual depreciation amount, we subtract the scrap value from the cash value: 100,000 TL - 25,000 TL = 75,000 TL.
Then, we divide this depreciation base by the useful life of the machine, which is 5 years: 75,000 TL / 5 years = 15,000 TL.
Therefore, the annual depreciation amount using the EFFORT method would be 15,000 TL for each of the 5 years.
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Apply a custom number format to cell B15 to display Sales Revenue. Apply a custom number format to cell B16 to display Expenses. Apply a custom number format to cell B17 to display Operating Income.
The custom number format is a feature in Microsoft Excel that allows users to customize the way data is displayed in a cell. It is an effective way to present data in a format that is easy to read and understand.
Custom number formats can be used to display numbers, percentages, dates, and times in a variety of formats. To apply a custom number format to cell B15 to display Sales Revenue.
steps:1. Select cell B15.2. Right-click on the cell and select Format Cells.3. In the Format Cells dialog box, select the Number tab. 4. In the Category section, select Custom.5.
In the Type field, enter the desired format for Sales Revenue. For example, if you want to display the number with a dollar sign and two decimal places, enter "$#,##0.00".6. Click OK to apply the format.
To apply a custom number format to cell B16 to display Expenses, follow the same steps as above but enter a different format in the Type field. For example, if you want to display expenses as negative numbers with parentheses, enter "$#,##0.00;($#,##0.00)".
To apply a custom number format to cell B17 to display Operating Income, follow the same steps as above but enter a different format in the Type field. For example, if you want to display operating income as a percentage with one decimal place, enter "0.0%".
Custom number formats can be used to display data in a variety of ways and can help make your Excel spreadsheets more informative and user-friendly.
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An investment offers a total return of 11 percent over the coming year. Janice Yellen thinks the total real return on this investment will be only 8.9 percent. What does Janice believe the inflation rate will be over the next year? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32,16.
Given that an investment offers a total return of 11% over the coming year, and Janice Yellen thinks the total real return on this investment will only be 8.9%.
The formula for finding the inflation rate is as follows: Inflation rate = ((total return - real return)/1+real return)*100To find the inflation rate, let us substitute the given values in the formula. Inflation rate = ((11-8.9)/1+8.9) * 100 = 2.11/9.9 *100 = 21.21.Janice Yellen believes that the inflation rate will be 21.21% over the next year.
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1.1
Illustrate the balance scorecard and recommend within which area(s) your organisation can still improve.
(12)
1.2
Explain the concept of ‘achieving customer success’ in your organisation.
(11)
1.3
Explain the meaning of sales and operational planning. Briefly discuss who is responsible for these processes within your organisation.
(10)
1.4
Evaluate the different ‘process integration barriers’ facing your organisation.
(17)
Balance Scorecard and Areas of Improvement: The balanced scorecard is a strategic management tool that provides a comprehensive view of an organization's performance by considering multiple dimensions beyond financial measures.
It typically includes four perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth. Each perspective contains specific metrics that reflect the organization's goals and objectives. In terms of recommending areas of improvement, it would depend on the specific organization and its goals. However, here are some general areas where organizations often strive to improve: Financial Perspective: This perspective focuses on financial performance indicators such as revenue, profitability, and return on investment. To improve in this area, organizations may aim to increase sales, reduce costs, improve financial controls, or enhance overall financial management practices. Customer Perspective: This perspective looks at customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention. Organizations can improve in this area by providing excellent customer service, understanding customer needs and preferences, conducting regular customer feedback surveys, and implementing strategies to enhance the customer experience.
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CC 302 - Current Liabilities Case – 40 points
Smyth Corporation had the following balances at 12/31/x1:
CASH $ 2,200,000
INVESTMENTS-TRADING 3,750,000
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE (NET) 5,500,000
INVENTORIES 2,600,000
PROPERTY, PLANT, & EQUIP (NET) 5,450,000
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE 4,510,000
INTEREST PAYABLE 90,000
ACCRUED VACATION PAY 7,000
LIABILITY FOR PRODUCT WARRANTIES 21,000
NOTES PAYABLE (long term) 7,000,000
BONDS PAYABLE 5,000,000
COMMON STOCK 1,000,000
COMMON STOCK DIVIDENDS DISTRIBUTABLE 2,000
RETAINED EARNINGS (1/1/x1) 370,000
SALES 19,000,000 COST OF GOODS SOLD 10,900,000
OPERATING EXPENSES 4,700,000
INTEREST EXPENSE 1,900,000
Additional information. No adjustments have been made for any of the additional information. No reversing entries were made at 1/1/x1. (Hints!!! Do not change "Cash".) Financial statements are not issued until March of x2.)(Bonus will come out to be 78,798)
a. Smyth has a policy that allows employees 8 vacation days annually. The vacation days vest after an employee has been employed for six months. Smyth has a workforce of 20 employees each of whom has been with the company for at least three years. The average weekly salary is $1,000 (assume a five day work week). During the year employees took vacation hours totaling 112 days. The bookkeeper debited Wage Expense when the employees were paid for these days. (Ignore payroll taxes)
b. Sales include state sales tax at 4%. The bookkeeper debits Sales Tax Expense when sales taxes are paid to the state. At year end, sales tax of $21,000 is due to the state. Sales Tax Payable at 1/1/x1 was zero.
c. Warranty costs are estimated at 1.6% of selling price. Actual warranty costs incurred during the year totaled $245,000. The bookkeeper debits warranty expense as these costs are incurred.
d. The corporate tax rate is 40%.
e. The company president receives a bonus based upon 10% of net income.
f. $1,000,000 of the bonds mature 6/30/x2. The minutes of the last board meeting state that the company plans to refinance the bonds on a long-term basis when they mature. You have determined that the company has no commitments from any lender to take care of these bonds.
g. $1,000,000 of the bonds matured 1/31/x2. They were extinguished by issuing common stock. (Today’s date is 2/1/x2).
h. Smyth issued a 2 year, $90,000, noninterest bearing note on 12/31/x1 for the purchase of a machine. The market rate of interest is 10%.
i. Cash dividends of $15,000 were declared on 12/15/x1 to be paid to stockholders of record on 1/ 15/x2 to be paid 1/31/x2.
j. The company is suing a competitor for patent infringement. The attorneys believe that Smyth will win the law suit. The settlement may be for as much as $90,000. The attorneys believe Smyth will probably receive $40,000.
k. The company is being sued by a customer who was hurt while visiting the corporate office. The attorneys believe that Smith may lose as much as $100,000, but that the customer will probably settle for $30,000.
Required:
1. Prepare a balance sheet and income statement for Smyth Company. Show calculations related to the above additional information.
2. Calculate the following financial information:
a. Working capital b. Current ratio
c. Quick ratio
The working capital of Smyth Company is $2,872,000 ($19,500,000 - $16,628,000). Smyth Company's current ratio is 1.17 ($19,500,000 / $16,628,000). Smyth Company's quick ratio is 0.70 (($19,500,000 - $2,600,000) / $16,628,000). 1. Balance Sheet: As of 12/31/x1, Smyth Corporation's balance sheet is as follows:
Assets:
Cash: $2,200,000
Investments-Trading: $3,750,000
Accounts Receivable (Net): $5,500,000
Inventories: $2,600,000
Property, Plant, & Equipment (Net): $5,450,000
Total Assets: $19,500,000
Liabilities:
Accounts Payable: $4,510,000
Interest Payable: $90,000
Accrued Vacation Pay: $7,000
Liability for Product Warranties: $21,000
Notes Payable (Long Term): $7,000,000
Bonds Payable: $5,000,000
Total Liabilities: $16,628,000
Equity:
Common Stock: $1,000,000
Common Stock Dividends Distributable: $2,000
Retained Earnings (1/1/x1): $370,000
Net Income: $5,212,000
Total Equity: $6,584,000
Income Statement: For the year ended 12/31/x1, Smyth Company's income statement is as follows:
Sales: $19,000,000
Cost of Goods Sold: $10,900,000
Gross Profit: $8,100,000
Operating Expenses: $4,700,000
Interest Expense: $1,900,000
Income Before Taxes: $1,500,000
Income Tax Expense: $600,000
Net Income: $900,000
2a. Working Capital: Working capital is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets. In this case, the working capital of Smyth Company is $2,872,000 ($19,500,000 - $16,628,000).
2b. Current Ratio: The current ratio is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities. Smyth Company's current ratio is 1.17 ($19,500,000 / $16,628,000).
2c. Quick Ratio: The quick ratio (acid-test ratio) is calculated by subtracting inventories from current assets and then dividing the result by current liabilities. Smyth Company's quick ratio is 0.70 (($19,500,000 - $2,600,000) / $16,628,000).
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25. Margin of Safety (Single Product). Nellie Company has monthly fixed costs totaling $100,000 and variable costs of $20 per unit. Each unit of product is sold for $25 (these data are the same as the previous exercise). Assume Nellie Company expects to sell 24,000 units of product this coming month. Required Find the margin of safety in units. Find the margin of safety in sales dollars.
The margin of safety in units is 4,000 units, and the margin of safety in sales dollars is $100,000.
To calculate the margin of safety in units and in sales dollars, we need to determine the break-even point first. The break-even point is the level of sales at which the company covers all of its fixed and variable costs, resulting in zero profit or loss.
Given;
Fixed costs = $100,000
Variable costs per unit = $20
Selling price per unit = $25
Expected sales volume = 24,000 units
Calculate the break-even point in units;
Break-even point (in units) = Fixed costs/Contribution margin per unit
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit-Variable cost per unit
= $25 - $20
= $5
Break-even point (in units) = $100,000 / $5
= 20,000 units
Calculate the margin of safety in units:
Margin of safety (in units) = Expected sales volume - Break-even point (in units)
= 24,000 units - 20,000 units
= 4,000 units
Calculate the margin of safety in sales dollars:
Margin of safety (in sales dollars) = Margin of safety (in units) × Selling price per unit
= 4,000 units × $25
= $100,000
Therefore, the margin of safety in units is 4,000 units, and the margin of safety in sales dollars is $100,000. This means that Nellie Company can experience a decrease in sales volume by 4,000 units or a decrease in sales revenue by $100,000 before reaching the break-even point and incurring a loss.
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The Garcia Company’s bonds have a face value of $1,000, will mature in 10 years, and carry a coupon rate of 18.3 percent. Assume interest payments are made semiannually.
(a)
Determine the present value of the bond’s cash flows if the required rate of return is 18.3 percent. (Round final answer to nearest dollar amount.)
The present value of the bond's cash flows, with a face value of $1,000, a coupon rate of 18.3%, semiannual interest payments, and a required rate of return of 18.3%, is approximately $1,000.
To calculate the present value of the bond's cash flows, we need to discount the future cash flows to their present value. In this case, the bond has a face value of $1,000, which will be received at maturity in 10 years, and it carries a coupon rate of 18.3% with semiannual interest payments. Since the required rate of return is also 18.3%, it is equal to the coupon rate.
When the required rate of return is equal to the coupon rate, the bond will be priced at par value, which means the present value of the cash flows will be equal to the face value of the bond. Therefore, the present value of the bond's cash flows is approximately $1,000. In other words, the bond is priced in such a way that the investor's required rate of return matches the coupon rate. This is known as a bond trading at par, where the present value of the bond's cash flows equals the face value of the bond.
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Suzie purchases two goods, food and clothing. She has the utility function U(x,y)=xy, where x denotes the amount of food consumed and y the amount of clothing. The marginal utilities for this utility function are MUx=y and MUy=x. b. Is clothing a normal good? Draw her demand curve for clothing when the level of income is I=200. Label this demand curve D1. Draw the demand curve when I= 300 and label this demand curve D2. c. What can be said about the cross-price elasticity of demand of food with respect to the price of clothing?
b. Clothing is a normal good for Suzie as her utility function exhibits positive cross-partial derivatives (MUClothing/Money > 0), indicating that as her income increases, her demand for clothing also increases.
To draw the demand curve for clothing when Suzie's income is $200 (I = 200), we need to determine the optimal combinations of food and clothing that maximize her utility at that income level. By solving the utility maximization problem subject to her budget constraint, we can derive her demand for clothing at different price levels. Similarly, we repeat this process when her income is $300 (I = 300) to obtain another demand curve. The two demand curves would represent the relationship between the price of clothing and the quantity demanded at different income levels.
c. The cross-price elasticity of demand of food with respect to the price of clothing can be determined based on the utility function and marginal utilities. In this case, the cross-price elasticity of demand would be the ratio of the percentage change in the quantity of food demanded to the percentage change in the price of clothing. Since the utility function does not explicitly involve the price of clothing, the cross-price elasticity of demand for food with respect to the price of clothing would be zero. This implies that the price of clothing does not have a direct impact on the quantity demanded of food for Suzie, holding all other factors constant.
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CASE STUDY
Greg Hoffman: DOB December 31, 1976
Anna Hoffman: DOB May 12, 1973
Greg and Anna have been married for 15 years and appear to be have a stable and committed relationship.
They have three children:
Nina: DOB March 5, 2012
Jake: DOB May 12, 2010
Maddy: DOB July 8, 2008
In June of 2015, Greg boot-strapped a technology-based business in the garage of their home in West Vancouver. He wanted to work with other socially conscious entrepreneurs. They have become increasingly successful and last year’s revenues were about $5 million. They expect to do better than that next year. Anna works 2 or 3 hours a week in the business and takes a salary of $100,000 annually. Greg takes $125,000. They each take dividends from the corporate account of about $30,000/ year.
They have been instructed by their accountant to maximize their contributions to their RRSP’s which are now: Anna: $225,000 Greg: $300,000 They also have a joint investment account with us valued at $5,920,000 They have a corporate account (Hoffman Holdings LT) that has only cash in it: $1,500,000 CAD and $600,000 USD. Many of their clients pay in US funds and their accountant has instructed them to keep it in that currency. They purchased a lot in Hawaii valued currently at $400,000 USD and are wanting to build on it in the next three or four years. In the meantime they are strategizing ways to get a townhouse at Whistler. They are avid skiers and love the outdoors. They are very devoted to the family and getting as much time as possible with the kids while they are young.
They are toying with selling the business later this year. With the growth trajectory they currently have, the calibre of the staff they currently employ and projections for future revenue, Greg has had an estimate from a CPA/BV friend of his that the business (and its intellectual property) could probably sell for between $11 and $13 million USD. But the BV also advised that if he waits for the patent for one of his side projects to come through it could be as high as $20 million USD.
They have a moderate lifestyle. They have asked us to weigh in on: 1) What they should do regarding selling the business. 2) What kind of insurance they should have. 3) Education for the kids 4) Tax planning for when they sell the business. 5) How much they might need to have to never work again and maintain their current lifestyle 6) How they should invest their funds. Additionally, Greg has an uncle who is very wealthy in the US and who has told him that they will be inheriting his house and one of his businesses as well. He is 84.
Based on the information given provide a Financial analysis about the following topics:
Net Worth, Cash Flow, Strategies, Insurance Coverage, Retirement, Education, Major Purchase, Emergency Fund, IPP, and Tax plan for selling the Business
Tax plan for selling the business is as per their friend’s advice, they can sell their business for $11-$13 million USD. They can consult a tax specialist to reduce the taxes on the sale of the business.
Net Worth: Net worth of Hoffman’s family is $9,670,000 (5,920,000 + 1,500,000 + 600,000 + 225,000 + 300,000 + 400,000).
Cash Flow: As their revenues are increasing annually, the cash inflow will remain the same or may increase. Thus, they can look for more investment opportunities.
Strategies: As they are looking to sell their business, they can sell it now or wait for the patent of their side project to come through. They should decide after consulting a professional.
Insurance Coverage: The family can go for universal life insurance to provide coverage for life, accidental death, disability, and other incidents.
Retirement: They have been instructed by their accountant to maximize their contributions to their RRSP’s. They should continue to do so. They should also consider investing in an individual pension plan (IPP) as they are business owners.
Education: The family can set up a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) for their children's education.
Major Purchase: They are looking to build a house in Hawaii. They can consider investing in a property outside Canada to diversify their investment.
Emergency Fund: They have $1,500,000 CAD and $600,000 USD in their corporate account. They can keep a part of it as an emergency fund and invest the rest in profitable investments.
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You have just borrowed $30,000 from the Satisfaction Auto Corp. to purchase a new cat. You will be making monthly payments of $650. Your interest rate is 6 percent compounded monthly. How long will it take you to pay off the loan? Mutigle Choice 4615 Months 542 Months 54.03 Months 52.6 Monthe Ronnie wants to borrow $230,000 to buy a house. His bank is offering a 30-year loan that requires monthly payments with an interest rate of 8.0% compounded monthly. What would Ronnie's monthly payment be on this loen? Mulliple Chaice 515883 5+8,400 5178766 $20,43031
Ronnie's monthly payment on this loan would be approximately $1,701.28. To determine the time it will take to pay off the loan from Satisfaction Auto Corp, we can use the formula for the number of periods in a loan:
[tex]n = -log(1 - (r * P) / A) / log(1 + r)[/tex]
Where:
n = number of periods (months)
r = monthly interest rate
P = monthly payment
A = loan amount
Given:
Loan amount (A) = $30,000
Monthly payment (P) = $650
Interest rate = 6% per annum compounded monthly
First, let's calculate the monthly interest rate (r):
r = 6% / 12 = 0.06 / 12 = 0.005
Now, we can plug the values into the formula:
n = -log(1 - (0.005 * 30,000) / 650) / log(1 + 0.005)
Calculating this expression, we find:
n ≈ 52.6 months
Therefore, it will take approximately 52.6 months to pay off the loan.
Regarding Ronnie's loan for buying a house, we can use the loan payment formula to calculate the monthly payment:
P = A * (r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
Where:
P = monthly payment
A = loan amount
r = monthly interest rate
n = number of periods (number of months in this case)
Given:
Loan amount (A) = $230,000
Interest rate = 8% per annum compounded monthly
Loan term = 30 years (30 * 12 = 360 months)
First, let's calculate the monthly interest rate (r):
r = 8% / 12 = 0.08 / 12 = 0.0066667
Now, we can plug the values into the formula:
P = 230,000 * (0.0066667 * (1 + 0.0066667)^360) / ((1 + 0.0066667)^360 - 1)
Calculating this expression, we find:
P ≈ $1,701.28
Therefore, Ronnie's monthly payment on this loan would be approximately $1,701.28.
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In your opinion, why did the U.S. Commerce Department ban ZTE’s purchase of U.S.-made parts? In your answer, please give three explanations and state which one you support, and why.
2)In your opinion, why did the Trump Administration and Congress reverse themselves on the ban and reinstate ZTE’s right to buy U.S.-made parts? In your answer, please give three explanations and state which one you support, and why.
3)Do you believe ZTE acted in a socially responsible and ethical manner in its interactions with its stakeholders? Why or why not?
4)What power did the U.S. government have over ZTE? Do you think it used its power appropriately? Why or why not?
5)What influence did ZTE have over the actions of the U.S. government? Do you believe that ZTE used undue political influence? Why or why not?
It is essential to maintain transparency, integrity, and adherence to legal and ethical standards in interactions between corporations and governments.
In my opinion, the U.S. Commerce Department banned ZTE's purchase of U.S.-made parts due to concerns related to national security, violations of trade embargoes, and potential risks to critical infrastructure.
The ban was imposed because ZTE was found to have violated U.S. sanctions by selling products with American components to countries like Iran and North Korea. .
The Trump Administration and Congress reversed the ban on ZTE due to economic and diplomatic considerations, as well as potential negotiations with China.
One reason was the concern over the impact of the ban on U.S. companies that supplied components to ZTE. The ban resulted in significant financial losses for these companies, and there was pressure to lift the ban to prevent further harm to the U.S. economy. Additionally, there were diplomatic considerations as the ban strained relations with China, and reversing it could be seen as a goodwill gesture.
Whether ZTE acted in a socially responsible and ethical manner depends on the perspective.
On one hand, ZTE violated U.S. trade embargoes by selling products to countries under sanctions, which is a clear ethical breach. This showed a lack of responsibility towards international norms and regulations. However, it is worth considering that ZTE did cooperate with the U.S. government during the investigations and took steps to address the issues. They faced severe penalties and made efforts to improve their compliance practices.
The U.S. government had significant power over ZTE due to its control over trade regulations and access to critical technologies.
The government's power allowed it to impose sanctions, restrict ZTE's access to U.S.-made parts, and conduct investigations into the company's activities. In this case, the U.S. government utilized its power to enforce trade regulations and protect national security interests. The ban on ZTE's purchase of U.S.-made parts was a response to violations and potential risks posed by the company
ZTE had some influence over the actions of the U.S. government, but whether it used undue political influence is subjective.
ZTE engaged in lobbying efforts, public relations campaigns, and employed influential individuals to represent its interests. These actions aimed to shape public opinion, influence policymakers, and mitigate the impact of the ban. While such influence is not uncommon in the corporate world, whether it was "undue" depends on the extent to which ZTE's efforts distorted the decision-making process or undermined the national interest. Determining undue influence requires careful examination of specific actions and their consequences.
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Culture can become a burden when the rules and restrictions imposed by it do not promote the organization's effectiveness. Culture, in many circumstances, functions as a barrier to change. This is especially typical in well-established companies with strong cultures that are forced into a new and rapidly changing environment. Explain how to sustain a healthy organizational culture in the face of fast change in the business environment.
To sustain a healthy organizational culture in the face of fast change in the business environment, several strategies can be implemented:
1. Foster open communication: Encourage open and transparent communication across all levels of the organization. This helps employees understand the need for change, share their concerns, and contribute their ideas. Regular communication channels, such as town hall meetings, feedback sessions, and team huddles, should be established to facilitate dialogue.
2. Lead by example: Leaders play a crucial role in shaping organizational culture. They should exhibit the desired behaviors and values that align with the changing business environment. By demonstrating adaptability, resilience, and a growth mindset, leaders inspire employees to embrace change and foster a culture of continuous learning.
3. Empower employees: Empower employees to be active participants in the change process. Provide them with the necessary resources, training, and support to adapt to new challenges. Encourage autonomy, innovation, and collaboration, allowing employees to contribute their unique perspectives and ideas.
4. Encourage learning and development: Create a learning culture that values ongoing development and skill enhancement. Offer training programs, workshops, and learning opportunities to help employees acquire the necessary knowledge and competencies to navigate the changing business landscape. Support cross-functional collaboration and job rotations to broaden employees' skill sets.
5. Recognize and reward desired behaviors: Acknowledge and reward employees who demonstrate behaviors aligned with the desired culture and adaptability to change. Celebrate successes and milestones achieved during the change process, reinforcing the importance of embracing change as a collective effort.
6. Continuously evaluate and adapt: Regularly assess the impact of the changing environment on the organizational culture. Seek feedback from employees and stakeholders to identify areas for improvement and make necessary adjustments. Flexibility and agility in responding to evolving circumstances are crucial for sustaining a healthy organizational culture.
By implementing these strategies, organizations can navigate fast-paced change while maintaining a healthy culture that supports effectiveness, employee engagement, and long-term success.
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Consider a three-factor model. E[ r
~
ABC
]=r F
+β M
(E[ M
]−r F
)+β IP
(E[ P
]−r F
)+β Oil
(E[ Ol
]]−r F
) You are in charge of a $100 million Centurion Select Fund. You have invested all your money into one stock. Consider the following multifactor model for the stock and factor observations over the last year. TBill rates were 4%. Question 23 1 pts The predicted return on the stock is % Question 24 1 pts Suppose the stock actually returns 15.5%. Your alpha is \%.
The three-factor model considers a Centurion Select Fund of $100 million invested in one stock. The predicted return on the stock is to be found.
To find the predicted return, we have the formula:
E [rA] = rF + β1E [r1] + β2E [r2] + ... + βkE [rk],
where, E [rA] is the expected return of the stock,
rF is the risk-free rate,β1 is the factor loading for the first factor,
E [r1] is the expected return on the first factor,
β2 is the factor loading for the second factor,
E [r2] is the expected return on the second factor,
βk is the factor loading for the kth factor,
and E [rk] is the expected return on the kth factor.
So, putting the given values,
we have:
E [r~ABC] = 0.04 + (1.3 × (0.08 - 0.04)) + (0.5 × (-0.02)) + (2.2 × (-0.01))
= 0.04 + (1.3 × 0.04) - (0.5 × 0.02) - (2.2 × 0.01)= 0.04 + 0.052 - 0.01 - 0.022
= 0.06.
The predicted return on the stock is 6%.
Suppose the stock actually returns 15.5%,
then our actual return on the stock is given by:
r = 15.5% = 0.155.Our alpha is:
r - E [r~ABC] = 0.155 - 0.06
= 0.095 or 9.5%.
Therefore, the alpha is 9.5%.
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You are saving for retirement. To live comfortably, you decide you will need to save $2,000,000 by the time you are age 65. Today is your 24th birthday, and you decide, starting today and continuing on every birthday up to and including your 65th birthday, that you will put the same amount into a savings account. If the interest rate is 3%, you set aside $24,383 each year to make sure that you will have $2,000,000 in the account on your 65th birthday. You realize that your plan has a flaw. Because your income will increase over your lifetime, it would be more realistic to save less now and more later. Instead of putting the same amount aside each year, you decide to let the amount that you set aside grow by 5% per year. Under this plan, how much will you put into the account today? (Recall that you are planning to make the first contribution to the account today.) The first payment is $ (Round to the nearest dollar.)
Under the new plan, you should put approximately $6,938 into the account today as the first payment.
To calculate the first payment under the new plan where the amount grows by 5% per year, we can use the concept of present value. The future contributions are discounted back to the present value at a rate of 3% (the interest rate).
Here are the steps to calculate the first payment:
Calculate the future value of the annual contribution at age 65:
Future Value = $2,000,000
Calculate the present value of the future value using a discount rate of 3%:
Present Value = Future Value / (1 + 3%)^41
Note: We use 41 years because there are 41 years from your 24th birthday to your 65th birthday.
Calculate the first payment by subtracting the present value of future contributions from the present value of the future value:
First Payment = Present Value - (41 * Growth Rate * Present Value) / (1 + Growth Rate)
Substituting the values into the formula:
First Payment = Present Value - (41 * 5% * Present Value) / (1 + 5%)
Calculating this expression, we find:
First Payment ≈ $6,938
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(Future value of an annuity) Upon graduating from college 40 years ago, Dr. Nick Riviera was already planning for his retirement. Since then, he has made deposits into a retirement fund on a semiannually basis in the amount of $900. Nick has just completed his final payment and is at last ready to retire. His retirement fund has earned 8 percent compounded semiannually. Use five decimal places for the periodic interest rate in your calculations. a. How much has Nick accumulated in his retirement account? b. In addition to this, 10 years ago Nick received an inheritance check for $20,000 from his beloved uncle. He decided to deposit the entire amount into his retirement fund. What is his current balance in the fund
a. Dr. Nick Riviera has accumulated approximately $2,031,215.90 in his retirement account.
To calculate the accumulated amount, we need to use the formula for the future value of an annuity. Nick has made semiannual deposits of $900 for 40 years, which gives us a total of 80 periods.
The periodic interest rate is 8% divided by 2, or 0.04, since it's compounded semiannually.
Using the formula: FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r, where FV is the future value, P is the periodic deposit, r is the periodic interest rate, and n is the number of periods, we can calculate the accumulated amount. Plugging in the values, we get FV = $900 * [(1 + 0.04)^80 - 1] / 0.04 ≈ $2,031,215.90.
b. With the additional deposit of $20,000 made 10 years ago, Dr. Nick Riviera's current balance in the retirement fund is approximately $57,344.81.
To calculate the future value of the additional deposit, we use the formula for compound interest. The deposit of $20,000 has been compounded for 10 years at a semiannual interest rate of 4% (0.08 divided by 2).
Using the formula: FV = PV * (1 + r)^n, where FV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods, we can calculate the current balance. Plugging in the values, we get FV = $20,000 * (1 + 0.04)^20 ≈ $57,344.81.
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Chapter 10
4. Poorly Designed Explain how poorly-designed performance
measures can contribute to performance deficiencies. Can
well-designed measures contribute to improving performance?
NO PLAGIARISM
Poorly designed performance measures can contribute to performance deficiencies in a number of ways.
One way is by providing inaccurate or misleading information about an organization's performance.
If the performance measures are not aligned with the organization's goals and objectives, they may provide an incomplete or distorted picture of what is happening within the organization.
Inaccurate information can lead to inappropriate decisions and actions by managers, which can result in decreased performance.
Well-designed measures can contribute to improving performance in a number of ways.
For example, they can help to identify areas of the organization that are not performing well and provide a basis for developing strategies to improve performance.
Well-designed measures can also help to align the organization's goals and objectives with the work being done by employees, which can lead to improved performance.
By providing accurate and timely information, well-designed measures can help managers make informed decisions and take appropriate actions to improve performance.
In conclusion, poorly-designed performance measures can contribute to performance deficiencies, while well-designed measures can contribute to improving performance.
It is important for organizations to carefully design and implement performance measures that are aligned with their goals and objectives to ensure that they are providing accurate and useful information to managers.
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Laranya’s preferences over the consumption of rice and jewelry are represented by the utility function u(x, y) = 2x^1/2 + y, where x and y denote the quantities of rice and jewelry, respectively. Laranya’s budget is I ≥ 0 and the prices of the goods are px = 4 and py = 2.
(a) Compute the marginal utility of rice and jewelry at the bundles (0, 0), (1/4, 0) , (1/4,1/2) and (1/4,1). What do you learn from this information?
(b) Compute and draw Laranya’s Engel curves for rice and jewelry.
(c) Compute and draw the fraction of Laranya’s budget spent in jewelry as a function of I.
A) At the bundles (0, 0), (1/4, 0), (1/4, 1/2), and (1/4, 1), the marginal utility of rice and jewelry is 0, 1/2, 1 and 3/4, respectively. While Laranya's consumption of rice decreases as she consumes more of it, her consumption of jewelry increases the marginal utility of jewelry. b) The Engel curves for rice and jewelry are E_y(p_y,I) = fracIp_y and E_x(p_x,I) = fracI2p_x, respectively. c) Laranya spent 2/I of her spending allowance on jewelry.
The calculation is as follows:
If Laranya's preferences are monotonic and convex, then rice's marginal utility at the bundle (0,0) is 2*sqrt(0) + 0 = 0.
The marginal utility of rice is 2*sqrt(1/4) + 0 = 1 at the bundle level (1/4,0).
Rice's marginal utility at the bundle level (1/4,1/2) is 2*sqrt(1/4) + 1/2 = 3/2.
The marginal utility of rice at the bundle level is 2*sqrt(1/4) + 1 = 2 (1/4,1).
A jewelry collection has no marginal usefulness.
A jewelry collection has no marginal usefulness.
At the bundle size of 1/4,1/2, jewelry's marginal usefulness is cut in half.
The marginal utility of jewelry is one at the bundle size of (1/4,1).
This leads us to the conclusion that Laranya has convex and monotonic preferences.
Considering that Laranya is logical and desires to optimize
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(a) we learn that the marginal utility of jewelry remains constant at 1, regardless of the quantity consumed. On the other hand, the marginal utility of rice is 2 at bundles (1/4, 0), (1/4, 1/2), and (1/4, 1). However, at the bundle (0, 0) where no rice is consumed, the marginal utility of rice is undefined.
(b) We learn that this equation represents the Engel curve for jewelry. We can solve it for different values of I to obtain the quantities of jewelry Laranya will consume.
(c) the fraction of Laranya's budget spent on jewelry is constant at 1/2 regardless of the income level (I).
(a) To compute the marginal utility of rice and jewelry at the given bundles, we'll use the utility function u(x, y) = 2x^(1/2) + y.
Bundle (0, 0):
Marginal utility of rice (MUx) at (0, 0):
MUx = ∂u/∂x = d/dx (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1/sqrt(x) = 1/sqrt(0) = undefined
Marginal utility of jewelry (MUy) at (0, 0):
MUy = ∂u/∂y = d/dy (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1
Bundle (1/4, 0):
Marginal utility of rice (MUx) at (1/4, 0):
MUx = ∂u/∂x = d/dx (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1/sqrt(x) = 1/(sqrt(1/4)) = 2
Marginal utility of jewelry (MUy) at (1/4, 0):
MUy = ∂u/∂y = d/dy (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1
Bundle (1/4, 1/2):
Marginal utility of rice (MUx) at (1/4, 1/2):
MUx = ∂u/∂x = d/dx (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1/sqrt(x) = 1/(sqrt(1/4)) = 2
Marginal utility of jewelry (MUy) at (1/4, 1/2):
MUy = ∂u/∂y = d/dy (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1
Bundle (1/4, 1):
Marginal utility of rice (MUx) at (1/4, 1):
MUx = ∂u/∂x = d/dx (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1/sqrt(x) = 1/(sqrt(1/4)) = 2
Marginal utility of jewelry (MUy) at (1/4, 1):
MUy = ∂u/∂y = d/dy (2x^(1/2) + y) = 1
From this information, we learn that the marginal utility of jewelry remains constant at 1, regardless of the quantity consumed. On the other hand, the marginal utility of rice is 2 at bundles (1/4, 0), (1/4, 1/2), and (1/4, 1). However, at the bundle (0, 0) where no rice is consumed, the marginal utility of rice is undefined.
(b) To compute Laranya's Engel curves, we need to find the quantities of rice and jewelry that she will consume at different levels of income while holding the prices constant.
Engel curve for rice:
Given the budget I, the price of rice px = 4, and the utility function u(x, y) = 2x^(1/2) + y, we can rearrange the utility function to solve for x in terms of y:
2x^(1/2) + y = U
2x^(1/2) = U - y
x^(1/2) = (U - y)/2
x = ((U - y)/2)^2
x = (U^2 - 2Uy + y^2)/4
Now, let's solve for x in terms of I:
px * x = I
4 * x = I
x = I/4
Substituting this into the equation above, we get:
I/4 = (U^2 - 2Uy + y^2)/4
This equation represents the Engel curve for rice. We can solve it for different values of I to obtain the quantities of rice Laranya will consume.
Engel curve for jewelry:
Using a similar approach, we can solve for y in terms of I:
py * y = I
2 * y = I
y = I/2
Substituting this into the utility function, we get:
u(x, I/2) = 2x^(1/2) + I/2
This equation represents the Engel curve for jewelry. We can solve it for different values of I to obtain the quantities of jewelry Laranya will consume.
(c) To compute the fraction of Laranya's budget spent on jewelry as a function of I, we divide the expenditure on jewelry (py * y) by the total budget I.
Fraction spent on jewelry = (py * y) / I
Fraction spent on jewelry = (2 * (I/2)) / I
Fraction spent on jewelry = 1/2
Hence, the fraction of Laranya's budget spent on jewelry is constant at 1/2 regardless of the income level (I).
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Briefly explain the primary concerns and objectives of lean
production.
The primary concerns and objectives of lean production, also known as lean manufacturing or simply lean, revolve around eliminating waste, improving efficiency, and maximizing customer value.
Here are the key aspects:
Waste Reduction: Lean production aims to identify and eliminate various forms of waste, such as overproduction, excess inventory, unnecessary transportation, waiting time, defects, and unused employee skills. By minimizing waste, resources are utilized more effectively, costs are reduced, and overall efficiency is increased.
Continuous Improvement: Lean production promotes a culture of continuous improvement, seeking to identify and implement small incremental changes that lead to ongoing enhancements in processes, products, and services. This involves engaging employe
es at all levels to contribute their ideas and suggestions for improvement.
Value Stream Optimization: Lean focuses on optimizing the entire value stream, which encompasses all the steps and processes involved in delivering a product or service to the customer. By analyzing and streamlining the value stream, non-value-added activities are eliminated or reduced, resulting in improved flow, reduced lead times, and increased customer satisfaction.
Just-in-Time (JIT) Production: JIT is a key principle of lean production that aims to produce and deliver products or services at the exact time and quantity required by the customer. This approach minimizes inventory holding costs, reduces lead times, and enhances responsiveness to customer demands.
Employee Engagement and Empowerment: Lean production emphasizes the importance of involving and empowering employees to actively participate in problem-solving, process improvement, and decision-making. Engaged and motivated employees are better equipped to identify waste, propose solutions, and contribute to the overall success of the organization.
In summary, the primary concerns and objectives of lean production are waste reduction, continuous improvement, value stream optimization, JIT production, and employee engagement. By focusing on these aspects, organizations can enhance efficiency, productivity, customer satisfaction, and overall competitiveness.
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A promissory note for $500.00 dated January 15, 2017, requires an interest payment of $60.00 at maturity. If interest is at 12% p.a. compounded monthly, determine the due date of the note.
To determine the due date of the promissory note, we need to find the time it takes for the principal to accumulate to $560.00, which includes the interest payment of $60.00.
The formula for compound interest is:
A = P(1 + r/n)ⁿ
Where:
A = the future value (including interest)
P = the principal amount
r = the annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = the number of compounding periods per year
t = the time in years
In this case, the principal amount is $500.00, the annual interest rate is 12% (or 0.12 as a decimal), and the interest is compounded monthly, so n = 12.
Let's solve for t:
$560.00 = $500.00(1 + 0.12/12)
Divide both sides by $500.00:
1.12 = 560.00/500.00
1.12 = 1.12
Taking the logarithm of both sides (with base 1.12):
t log(1.12) = log(1.12)
t = log(1.12) / log(1.12)
Using a calculator, we find:
t ≈ 1
Therefore, the time it takes for the principal to accumulate to $560.00 is approximately 1 year. Since the promissory note is dated January 15, 2017, the due date of the note will be January 15, 2018.
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Due To Increasing Competition From Other Local And Regional Health Providers And Systems And To Meet The Population's Healthcare Expectations And Needs, The Board Of Directors Of A Major Integrated Healthcare Delivery System Has Authorized A New Strategic Plan To Double The Hospital Capacity Over The Next Five Years. The Board Asked The Senior Management To
Due to increasing competition from other local and regional health providers and systems and to meet the population's healthcare expectations and needs, the board of directors of a major integrated healthcare delivery system has authorized a new strategic plan to double the hospital capacity over the next five years. The board asked the senior management to explain the advantages and disadvantages of debt financing to finance the expansion.
Advantages of Debt Financing for the Hospital Expansion:
Lower cost of capital: Debt financing typically has a lower cost of capital compared to equity financing. By taking on debt, the healthcare system can benefit from lower interest rates and potentially reduce the overall cost of financing the expansion project.
Tax advantages: Interest paid on debt is generally tax-deductible, which can provide tax advantages for the healthcare system. This can help to lower the effective cost of debt financing and improve the financial position of the organization.
Retain ownership and control: Debt financing allows the healthcare system to retain ownership and control over the organization. Unlike equity financing, where ownership is diluted by issuing shares, debt financing does not dilute ownership rights. The board and management can maintain control and make decisions without interference from external shareholders.
Predictable payments: Debt financing involves regular interest and principal payments over a predetermined period. These payments can be planned and budgeted, providing the healthcare system with predictable cash flow obligations. This can help in managing the financial stability and operational planning of the organization.
Disadvantages of Debt Financing for the Hospital Expansion:
Debt service requirements: Taking on debt means the healthcare system must make regular interest and principal payments. If the organization faces financial challenges or unexpected events, meeting these debt obligations can put strain on the cash flow and financial flexibility of the organization.
Increased financial risk: By increasing the level of debt, the healthcare system also increases its financial risk. In case of economic downturns or unexpected events, servicing the debt may become more challenging. If the organization's revenue stream declines, it may face difficulties in meeting its debt obligations.
Impact on credit rating: Higher levels of debt can affect the healthcare system's credit rating. If the debt-to-equity ratio increases significantly, it may lead to downgrades in credit ratings, making it more expensive to borrow in the future or limiting access to capital markets.
Interest costs: While debt financing can have lower costs compared to equity financing, it still involves interest payments. These interest costs add to the overall expenses of the healthcare system and reduce its net income.
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John Peterson was employed by an insurance company in, Lethbridge, Alberta since July 1986. He was earning $1800 biweekly when his employment was terminated on January 13, 2018. Upon termination, John receives a retiring allowance plus his outstanding vacation pay of $2400 in the same cheque with his regular earning. John did not participate in a company-sponsored RPP or a deferred profit sharing plan. (10 marks) 1) Calculate the amount of retiring allowance. John will receive. 2) Calculate the CPP contribution for John's final pay. 3) Calculate the El premium for John's final pay. 4) How much of John retiring allowance is eligible to transfer to an RRSP? 5) Calculate the tax to be deducted on the remaining retiring allowance, if John had $15,000 of retiring allowance transferred to an RRSP
It is advisable for John to consult a tax professional or refer to the guidelines provided by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) to accurately calculate the tax to be deducted on the remaining retiring allowance and ensure compliance with tax regulations.
The amount of retiring allowance John will receive is $2,400. This includes his outstanding vacation pay that was issued to him in the same cheque as his regular earnings upon termination of employment. The retiring allowance is a lump sum payment made to an employee when their employment comes to an end.
There are no CPP contributions to be made from John's final pay. The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) contributions are calculated based on employment income. However, retiring allowances are not subject to CPP contributions. Therefore, John's final pay does not include any deductions for CPP contributions.
John's final pay does not require him to pay any Employment Insurance (EI) premiums. EI premiums are contributions made by employees to the Employment Insurance program, which provides temporary income support to individuals who are unemployed or on leave. However, retiring allowances are not subject to EI premiums, so John does not need to make any contributions from his final pay.
None of John's retiring allowance is eligible to transfer to an RRSP. Retiring allowances are generally not eligible for transfer to a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP). While RRSPs offer tax advantages for retirement savings, retiring allowances are treated differently. Therefore, John cannot transfer any portion of his retiring allowance to an RRSP.
The tax to be deducted on the remaining retiring allowance, after transferring $15,000 to an RRSP, would depend on John's total income and tax bracket. Retiring allowances are subject to income tax. If John had $15,000 of his retiring allowance transferred to an RRSP, the remaining portion would be subject to taxation based on his overall income and applicable tax rates.
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If a company has total costs c(x)=21,000+35x+0.1x 2
and total revenues given by R(x) = Aos x−0.9x 2
, find the breakeven points. (Enter youf answers as a comma-separated the
The break-even point is a point of no gain and no loss. The formula used to obtain the break-even point is TFC/ (P-AVC).
Given, The cost function, c(x) = 21,000 + 35x + 0.1x²
The revenue function, R(x) = Aos x - 0.9x²
We have to find the break-even points that is at what point the company is earning neither profit nor loss.
To find the break-even point, we need to equate total cost with total revenue and solve for x.
Total cost (TC) = Total revenue (TR)21,000 + 35x + 0.1x²
= Aos x - 0.9x²
To solve the equation, we need to simplify it.0.9x² + (35 - Aos)x + 21,000 = 0
This is a quadratic equation in terms of x.
Using the quadratic formula,
x = [-(35 - Aos) ± sqrt((35 - Aos)² - 4(0.9)(21,000))]/(2 × 0.9)
Now, let's determine the value of x.x = [-(35 - Aos) ± sqrt(1225 - 7560)]/1.8x
= [-(35 - Aos) ± sqrt(-6335)]/1.8
We can see that the term inside the square root is negative.
It means the roots of the equation are imaginary.
So, the company cannot achieve the break-even point.
Therefore, there is no solution to the given equation.
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Break-Even Pricing is an important calculation because it helps define the lowest possible price point. This point is called? price ceiling starting price breaking price price floor initial price
to Manufacturing: The first industrial revolution, which took place from the late 18th to the early 19th century, marked a significant shift from an agrarian society .
to one based on manufacturing and mechanization. This transformation was characterized by the development of new machinery, such as the spinning jenny and the steam engine, which revolutionized textile production and other manufacturing processes. Manufacturing to Services: While the first industrial revolution saw a shift from agriculture to manufacturing, it did not result in an immediate transition to a predominantly service-based economy. However, as manufacturing processes became more efficient and productive, there was a subsequent growth in services to support the industrial sector. This included services like transportation, banking, insurance, and other forms of business services that were essential for the functioning of manufacturing industries. Agriculture to Manufacturing -> Manufacturing to Services.
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Suppose that the quantity demanded for roses is Q=12.3p+(1/100)M, where p is the price of roses and M is income. If M is 100 and p is 1 , what is the income elasticity of demand for roses? Type your answer.
The income elasticity of demand for roses cannot be determined with the given information since both the percentage change in quantity demanded and the percentage change in income are zero.
Since the income elasticity of demand is undefined when both the percentage change in quantity demanded and the percentage change in income are zero, we cannot determine the income elasticity of demand for roses with the given information.
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What role did external factors play in BlackBerry's demise? Which external factors were most potent, and why?
2. What could BlackBerry's strategic leaders have done differently to address the external factors you identified (in Question 1)? Please be specific.
External factors played a significant role in BlackBerry's demise, with several key factors contributing to its decline. The most potent external factors were the emergence of touchscreen smartphones and the rise of app ecosystems. These factors revolutionized the mobile industry and shifted consumer preferences towards more intuitive and versatile devices.
BlackBerry's strategic leaders could have taken several steps to address these external factors. Firstly, they could have recognized the importance of touchscreen technology and invested in research and development to create competitive devices. Secondly, they could have focused on diversifying their product offerings to include a robust app ecosystem, attracting developers and enhancing the user experience.
Additionally, they could have formed strategic partnerships with popular app developers and content providers to boost their app catalog. Lastly, they could have pursued a more proactive marketing strategy to highlight the unique features and advantages of BlackBerry devices. By adapting to these external factors, BlackBerry could have better positioned itself in the evolving mobile market.
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Given an excerpt of a research proposal, understand the given case and answer ALL questions in this section. In today's world the internet has made life easier for people. Payments are being carried out using smart devices. One of the best inventions of the 21 st century is the electronic wallet (c-wallet), an integral part of the electronic payment system. The "e-wallet" is a digital wallet that allows an individual to link their debit or credit cards to their digital wallet in order to make a transaction (Karim, Haque, Ulfy, Hossain, \& Anis, 2020). The COVID19 outbreak and its aftermath are expected to prompt many more households to embrace digital payments. Compared with physical cash exchanges, e-wallets could be a safer means of making purchases and consumers are now expected to continue reducing their visits to crowded restaurants and stores. It has been noted that payments completed using an e-wallet are more convenient and faster than the conventional banking system as it saves time and money (Nizam, Hwang, \& Valaei, 2018). As the digital payment has become more widely accepted at retail stores, F\&B outlets, supermarkets, and even small vendors throughout the country, it seems like these digital payment methods will become a central part of the nation's payments landscape (Jacie Tan, 2019). However, the acceptance of the digital payment may be different for different age group. For example, the senior citizen (age 55 above) may perceive technology or new inventions as hard to use, while the young adults (age between 20 to 35) might accept it with ease (Riskinanto, Kelana, \& Hilmawan, 2017). Other than that, past study on intention to use digital payment, were more focused on young adults, and there is limited study in comparing the different age groups (young and senior citizens) (Akturan \& Tezcan, 2012; Karim et al., 2020; Mahwadha, 2019; Yang, Mamun, Mohiuddin, Nawi, \& Zainol, 2021). To close the gap, this study is conducted to payment from two groups which is young adult and senior citizen. In the context of the current digital transformation of business, digital payment and wallet apps are capable of generating positive impact in five main business strategy domains: customers, competition, data, innovation and value (Rogers, 2016). Digital payments will also become a trend that marketers must put more effort into in terms of promoting or appealing to the adults and senior citizens. This phenomenon raises the issue of how different age group perceive new technology such as digital payments in their daily lives. This study therefore aimed to assess the influences of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, on intention to use digital payment among adult and senior citizens. 1. Based on the given scenario, answer the following questions. a) Identify the research area/domain. (1 mark) b) Suggest FOUR (4) keywords related to the given scenario. (4 marks) c) Determine the research problem (4 marks) d) \dentify the rese arch objectives (4 marks) e) State the scope of study (4 marks) f) Determine the suitable research method and data collection technique for solving the problem. \{4 marks) g) Give the significance of study
A. The differences in perception and adoption between young adults and senior citizens.
B. Four keywords related to the given scenario could be: Digital payment, E-wallet, Age groups, Perceived usefulness
C. Specifically examining the influences of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on intention to use digital payment among young adults and senior citizens.
D. To compare the differences in perception and adoption of digital payment between young adults and senior citizens.
E, It would explore their attitudes, beliefs, and preferences related to digital payment adoption.
F. Qualitative data can be collected through interviews or focus groups to gain deeper insights into the factors influencing their perceptions and adoption of digital payment.
G. This study can contribute to improving financial inclusion, enhancing convenience, and promoting the digital transformation of business in the context of evolving payment landscapes.
a) The research area/domain identified in the given scenario is the acceptance and use of digital payment methods, specifically focusing on the differences in perception and adoption between young adults and senior citizens.
b) Four keywords related to the given scenario could be:
Digital payment
E-wallet
Age groups
Perceived usefulness
c) The research problem can be identified as understanding how different age groups perceive and adopt digital payment methods, specifically examining the influences of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on intention to use digital payment among young adults and senior citizens.
d) The research objectives can be:
To examine the perceived usefulness of digital payment among young adults and senior citizens.
To assess the perceived ease of use of digital payment among young adults and senior citizens.
To determine the intention to use digital payment among young adults and senior citizens.
To compare the differences in perception and adoption of digital payment between young adults and senior citizens.
e) The scope of the study would focus on young adults (age between 20 to 35) and senior citizens (age 55 above) in their perception and intention to use digital payment methods. It would explore their attitudes, beliefs, and preferences related to digital payment adoption.
f) A suitable research method for solving the problem could be a mixed-method approach involving both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data can be collected through surveys or questionnaires to measure the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use digital payment among the two age groups. Qualitative data can be collected through interviews or focus groups to gain deeper insights into the factors influencing their perceptions and adoption of digital payment.
g) The significance of the study lies in bridging the gap in research on the acceptance and use of digital payment methods between young adults and senior citizens. Understanding the factors influencing their perception and adoption can help businesses, policymakers, and marketers design strategies to promote digital payment usage among both age groups. This study can contribute to improving financial inclusion, enhancing convenience, and promoting the digital transformation of business in the context of evolving payment landscapes.
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WHY ETHICS IS IMPORTANT IN BUSINESS? PROVIDE ANY THREE REASON?
(7pOINTS)
WHAT OS ETHICAL DILEMMA? IDENTIFY THREE DIFFERNT EXAMPLES OF
ETHICAL DILMMA AND PROVIDE ETHICAL DECISION FOR EACH EXAMPLE/
Ethics is crucial in business for maintaining trust, fairness, and positive stakeholder relationships. Ethical dilemmas arise when conflicting moral or ethical principles make it difficult to choose the appropriate action.
Trust and Reputation: Ethical behavior in business builds trust among customers, employees, and other stakeholders. When a company operates ethically, it creates a positive reputation, which can attract more customers and enhance brand value. Trust and reputation are crucial for long-term success and sustainability. Fair and Equitable Practices: Ethics ensure that businesses treat employees, customers, and suppliers fairly and with integrity.
Fair treatment fosters a positive work environment, motivates employees, and encourages customer loyalty. Ethical practices also promote equality, diversity, and inclusion, creating a more just society. Positive Stakeholder Relationships: Ethical behavior helps businesses establish and maintain positive relationships with stakeholders, such as investors, regulators, and the community.
By acting ethically, businesses demonstrate their commitment to social responsibility, environmental sustainability, and contributing to the well-being of society. Whistleblowing: An employee discovers illegal activities within the company. The ethical decision is to report the wrongdoing to the appropriate authorities, even if it risks personal consequences. Product Safety: A company becomes aware of potential safety risks associated with its product but decides to conceal the information to avoid financial losses.
The ethical decision is to prioritize customer safety and issue a product recall or take appropriate measures to address the issue. Conflict of Interest: A senior executive has a personal financial interest in a business deal that may harm the company's stakeholders. The ethical decision entails disclosing the conflict of interest, recusing oneself, and prioritizing the company's and stakeholders' best interests. The ethical decisions in these examples prioritize integrity, transparency, and the welfare of those impacted.
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Ethical Dilemma: American International Group (AIG) is the largest insurance company in the United States. When AIG faced financial ruin, the U.S. government used taxpayer money to loan AIG more than $170 billion in exchange for an 80 percent stake in the firm. A few months later, it was revealed that AIG had used part of the money (at least $30 billion) to pay off banks in Europe, largely for debt obligations it incurred in foreign transactions. U.S. government officials were furious. The furor intensified when AIG tried to renegotiate loans with some of its U.S. creditors, implying they were less important than the European banks. Suppose you were the chief financial officer at AIG. What would you have done? How would you handle this predicament? Use the ethical framework in this chapter to analyze how AIG might have handled the situation better.
If I were the chief financial officer at American International Group (AIG), the largest insurance company in the United States, and I were confronted with the ethical dilemma of the U.S. government loaning AIG over $170 billion in exchange for an 80% stake in the company when it was facing financial ruin and it was discovered that part of the money had been used to pay off banks in Europe, I would have acted ethically by paying off all U.S. creditors first and using the remaining money to pay off the European banks.
This would have saved AIG from the controversy and loss of reputation that it suffered from the whole affair. Below are steps on how AIG might have handled the situation better: 1. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy that suggests that the best course of action in a situation is the one that produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Using this ethical framework, AIG should have put the interests of its U.S. creditors before those of the European banks. 2. Justice The principle of justice in ethics refers to fairness and the distribution of benefits and costs. AIG should have been fair in paying its debts and transparent in its dealings with its creditors.3. Rights In ethics, the principle of rights relates to the inherent rights and freedoms of all individuals.
AIG should have respected the rights of its creditors to receive payment and should have been transparent in its dealings.4. Virtue ethics The concept of virtue ethics emphasizes the character and moral values of an individual or organization. AIG should have been honest, transparent, and acted with integrity in its dealings with its creditors.5. Categorical imperative The categorical imperative in ethics suggests that people should only act according to a principle that they would want to become a universal law. AIG should have been transparent and honest in its dealings with its creditors, and should have paid off all U.S. creditors before paying off the European banks.
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Suppose market demand and supply are characterized by the following equations: p=12−0.4Qd
p=2+0.4Qs
When the market clears, what is the economic surplus? (Round your answer to one decimal place.)
The economic surplus when the market clears is 38.4.
To calculate the economic surplus, we need to find the equilibrium quantity and price where the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. In this case, the equilibrium is reached when the demand and supply equations are set equal to each other:
12 - 0.4Qd = 2 + 0.4Qs
Simplifying the equation, we get:
0.4Qd + 0.4Qs = 10
Since Qd = Qs at equilibrium, we can substitute Q for both Qd and Qs:
0.4Q + 0.4Q = 10
0.8Q = 10
Q = 12.5
Substituting Q back into either the demand or supply equation, we find the equilibrium price:
p = 12 - 0.4(12.5) = 7
To calculate the economic surplus, we need to find the area between the demand curve and the supply curve up to the equilibrium quantity. This can be represented as a triangle with base Q and height equal to the difference between the equilibrium price and the y-axis intercept of the supply curve:
Economic Surplus = 0.5 × Q × (p - 2)
Economic Surplus = 0.5 × 12.5 × (7 - 2) = 38.4
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Select the statement that is not true regarding Assets.
a) Assets are the resources a company owns.
b) Asset accounts include: cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and fixed assets.
c) Assets are the amounts a company owes to others.
d) Assets provide a future benefit to the company.
2. Which of the following is true regarding inactive accounts in QBO?
a) If you need to restore an inactive account, QBO will permit you to do so.
b) Inactive accounts are completely deleted from QBO and no longer appear in reports.
c) To inactivate an account, select Banking on the Navigation bar.
d) QBO automatically inactivates an account if it is not used for over 1 year.
3. How are subaccounts added to the Chart of Accounts (COA)?
a) Add subaccounts by selecting New from the Chart of Accounts window, next hit the + sign in the upper right corner, then enter the Account Type, select Detail Type and enter a name.
b) Add subaccounts by selecting New from the Chart of Accounts window, then enter the Category Type, select Detail Type and enter a name.
c) Add subaccounts by selecting New from the Chart of Accounts window, then enter the Account Type, and enter a name.
d) Add subaccounts by selecting New from the Chart of Accounts window, then enter the Account Type, select Detail Type and enter a name.
Assets are the amounts a company owes to others is not a true statement regarding assets.
Assets are resources that a company owns, not amounts that a company owes to others. Assets represent the economic value or potential future benefit to a company. They can include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets, and other tangible or intangible resources that provide value to the business. Option c incorrectly states that assets are the amounts a company owes to others, which is actually a description of liabilities. Liabilities are the obligations or debts that a company owes to external parties, such as loans, accounts payable, or accrued expenses. Therefore, option c is the statement that is not true regarding assets.
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i got this wrong on the test. It was not answer.D
Which of the following is NOT a special tax treatment given to those who contribute to a 401K OR 403b?
Tax-free withdrawals at any time. tax-free withdrawals at any time are not a special tax treatment provided to those who contribute to a 401K or 403b plan.
Contributing to a 401K or 403b retirement plan provides individuals with special tax treatments. These include:
a) Tax-deferred contributions: Contributions made to a 401K or 403b plan are typically made with pre-tax dollars, meaning that they reduce the individual's taxable income for the year in which the contribution is made.
b) Tax-free growth: The investments within a 401K or 403b plan grow on a tax-deferred basis, meaning that individuals do not have to pay taxes on the investment gains or dividends as long as the funds remain in the account.
d) Tax-deferred withdrawals in retirement: Withdrawals from a 401K or 403b plan are generally subject to ordinary income tax. However, these withdrawals are typically made during retirement when individuals may be in a lower tax bracket, potentially reducing the tax burden.
On the other hand, tax-free withdrawals at any time are not a special tax treatment provided to those who contribute to a 401K or 403b plan. Early withdrawals from these retirement plans before the age of 59.5 are generally subject to a 10% penalty in addition to ordinary income tax, unless certain exceptions apply, such as financial hardship or disability.
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