A ray of light is a segment of light that is moving in a single direction along a straight path. A beam of light is a collection of light rays that emanates from a single source.
A light beam might be parallel, convergent, or divergent. A parallel beam is formed when the beams from a distant light source, such the sun, are perpendicular to one another. In a convergent beam, the rays proceed towards a point. The rays in a divergent beam move away from a point.Light sources can be divided into two categories: Luminescence and Incandescence.A ray of light is the direction or route that light energy follows as it moves through a material. An arrow is drawn on a straight line to indicate it.To know more about light
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How do diet and exercise Positively affect cv disease risk
Motion is a change in ____. Question 6 options: time speed velocity position
Answer:
Motion is a change in Position.
Explanation
1. Change in time cannot be a motion, because time can change without any movement of an object.
2. speed and velocity are parts of motion but change in speed and motion is an acceleration (refer from acceleration formula), which means motion is not only change in speed or velocity but it is change in position.
Because change in position can be referred as speed and accerelation
If the motion of an object in the x direction and y direction is known, how can the total motion of the object be found?
Explanation:
resultant motion = √x² + y²
this is using Pythagoras theorem whereas the x and y components can be used to construct a right angle triangle with the hypotenuse = resultant.
hope it helps. :)
Mars has a mass of about 6.79 x 102³ kg, and its
moon Phobos has a mass of about 9.1 × 10¹5 kg. If
the magnitude of the gravitational force between
the two bodies is 4.98 x 10¹5 N, how far apart are
Mars and Phobos? The value of the universal
gravitational constant is
6.673 x 10-¹¹ N. m²/kg².
Answer in units of m.
When mass of Mars and Phobos are given then we can calculate that Mars and Phobos are 9.098x 10⁶ meters apart.
What is gravitational force?The gravitational force is that force that pulls objects with mass towards each other.
The formula for the gravitational force between two objects is given as:
Force = G (M1) (M2) / (distance²)
Given, Force = 4.98 x 10¹⁵N
G = 6.673 x 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²
Given One mass = 6.79 x 10²³ kg
and Other mass = 9.1 x 10¹⁵ kg
Force = (G) · (M1) · (M2) / (distance²)
4.98x10¹⁵N = (6.673x10⁻¹¹N-m²/kg²)·(6.79x10²³kg)·(9.1x10¹⁵kg) / (distance²)
(distance²)·(4.98x10¹⁵N) = (6.673x10⁻¹¹N-m²/kg²)·(6.79x10²³kg)·(9.1x10¹⁵kg)
(distance²)=(6.673x10⁻¹¹N-m²/kg²)·(6.79x10²³kg)·(9.1x10¹⁵kg) / (4.98x10¹⁵N)
(distance²) = 8.279 x 10¹³ m²
distance = 9.098x 10⁶ meters .
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An apple with mass M is hanging at rest from the lower end of a light vertical rope. A dart of mass M/4 is shot vertically upward, strikes the bottom of the apple, and remains embedded in it.
The apple moves a height of h = [tex]\frac{v^{2} }{50 g}[/tex] because of its collision with the dart.
How do we calculate height?we can calculate the height of an object using the distance and angle.
In order to calculate the height of an apple with mass M is hanging at rest from the lower end of a light vertical rope. A dart of mass M/4 is shot vertically upward, strikes the bottom of the apple, and remains embedded in it.
We first calculate the velocity that the final mass gets once the collision takes place, in order to do this, we use momentum conservation.
pi = Pf = (5/4)Mv
We get the value for the velocity of the final mass, v , once the collision has been produced.
Once we have pi, with this final velocity, we can calculate the final height that the mass will get, to do this we use energy conservation.
An instant after the collision, the mass has kinetic energy, and we say that that is our altitude zero, but when the mass gets to its higher altitude, the kinetic energy is zero and the potential energy is different than zero, and we will write as follows:
Ei = Ef = (1/2) (5/4 M (V/5)² =(5/4 M)g*h
Equating and solving for height, we will get as the apple moves a height of h = [tex]\frac{v^{2} }{50 g}[/tex] because of its collision with the dart.
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Calculate the useful power output for an electric motor that uses 200 W and has an
efficiency of 40%
Correct option is B)
Power with which crane lifts the load =0.8×0.9 × input power
P=0.8×0.9×200 kW
Now, P=
F
.
v
Here, F=mg (since there is no acceleration)
10
3
×0.8×0.9×200=3.6×10
3
×10×v
⇒v=4 m/s
A bullet of mass 32g is fired from a gun. The graph above shows the variation of the force F on the bullet with time T as it travels along the barrel of the gun.
The bullet is fired at time T=0 and the length of the barrel is 0.70m.
(a) State and explain why it is inappropriate to use the equation S = ut + 1/2 a(t^2) to calculate the acceleration of the bullet.
(b) Use the graph to:
(i) Determine the average acceleration of the bullet during the final 2.0ms of the graph
(ii) show that the change in momentum of the bullet, as the bullet travels along the length of the barrel, is approximately 9Ns.
(c) Use the answer in (b)(ii) to calculate the
(i) speed of the bullet as it leaves the barrel
(ii) average power delivered to the bullet
(d) Use Newton’s third law to explain why a gun will recoil when a bullet is fired
Answer:79g +9a(y>3
Explanation::79g +9a(y>3
Every action has an equal and opposite response, states Newton's Third Law of Motion. When a bullet is fired from a gun, the gun exerts force on the bullet that causes it to move forward. The bullet also applies an equal and opposing force to the gun as it moves backward.
What variation of the force F on the bullet with time?The term “translational motion” refers to a motion in which the body moves in a straight line from one location to another. The motion of a bullet launched from a gun is an illustration of translational motion.As the bullet goes rearward, it exerts an equal and opposite force on the gun.
Therefore, A bullet loses kinetic energy and gains potential energy when fired vertically upward. At greater altitudes, the bullet continues to lose kinetic energy while gaining potential energy.
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Highlight the reasons why tightness is required when a vaccum needs created
When a vacuum is created, it is created for the purpose to remove anything.
The main purpose of creating vacuum is referred to removal of the air from a particular space or chamber.
Such a kind of procedure should guarantee tightness.
If there is a slight leakage then the air molecules can slip in through that space created.
This will allow air to remain in the place and there won't be any possibility of creating vacuum as there won't be full removal of air.
Therefore, it becomes important to ensure the tightness of vacuum while creating it so that there is no passage created for air to pass through.
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In what way can time be called the fourth dimension? How does it differ from the other three?
Determine the distance Covered by a body is 5 Second, if it initial velocity is 30mls and acceleration 5. om/s
Cory is studying the relationship between the temperature (T) of water, and the volume (v) of a certain gas that can dissolve in the water. He comes up with the following equation that describes the relationship: v = 0.036T+0.21. What is the qualitative relationship that describes this quantitative relationship?
The relationship that would be able to describe this is that the gas does not dissolve into the water at a temperature below -5.83 units.
What is a quantitative relationship?This is the term that is used to refer to the data types that includes Numbers such as weight, cost, and measurements
What is qualitative data?The descriptive and conceptual information gathered through surveys, interviews, or observation is referred to as qualitative data.
With a slope of 0.036, the volume v varies linearly with temperature T.
Volume v grows by 0.036 units for every unit increase in temperature as a result.
The volume of the gas dissolved in water is 0.21 units when the water's temperature is zero.
The smallest volume that is feasible is 0 because the volume cannot be negative. At a certain temperature, this occurs. This is the temperature at that time. Let's refer to it as Tc.
we have
Tc = -0.21 / 0.036
= -5.83
This means that the gas does not dissolve into the water below a temperature of -5.83 units.
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2) Calculate the Energy of each of the following
a) Radio waves with a wavelength of 3.0 x 10¹¹ nm (6.626 x 10-28 J)
b) Microwaves with a wavelength of 3.0 x 107 nm (6.626 x 10-24 J)
c) X-Ray at 1nm (1.99 x 10-¹6J)
d) Violet at 400nm (4.97 x 10-¹⁹ J)
e) Red at 700nm (2.84 x 10-¹⁹J)
f) Gamma rays at 1nm (1.98 x 10-¹6J)
The energy, E of the given waves are as follows:
a. Energy, E = 6.63 * 10⁻²⁸ J
b. Energy, E = 6.63 * 10⁻²⁴ J
c. Energy, E = 1.99 * 10⁻¹⁶ J
d. Energy, E = 4.97 * 10⁻¹⁹ J
e. Energy, E = 2.84 * 10⁻¹⁹J
f. Energy, E = 1.99 * 10⁻¹⁶ J
What is the formula to calculate the energy of a wave?The formula to calculate the energy of a wave s given below as follows:
Energy, E = hc / λwhere;
h is Planck's constant = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ Js
c is the velocity of light = 3.0 * 10⁸ m/s
λ is the wavelength of the light
The energies of the waves are calculated as follows:
a. λ = 3.0 x 10¹¹ nm or 3.0 * 10² m
E = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 3.0 * 10²
E = 6.63 * 10⁻²⁸ J
b. λ = 3.0 x 10⁷ nm or 3.0 x 10⁻² m
E = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 3.0 * 10⁻²
E = 6.63 * 10⁻²⁴ J
c. λ = 1 nm or 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ m
E = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ m
E = 1.99 * 10⁻¹⁶ J
d. λ = 400 nm or 4.0 x 10⁻⁷ m
E = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 4.0 x 10⁻⁷ m
E = 4.97 * 10⁻¹⁹ J
e. λ = 700 nm or 7.0 x 10⁻⁷ m
E = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 7.0 x 10⁻⁷ m
E = 2.84 * 10⁻¹⁹J
f. λ = 1 nm or 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ m
E = 6.63 * 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ m
E = 1.99 * 10⁻¹⁶ J
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A type of toy catapult consists of a movable plunger which has a spring attached as shown above. The handle was pulled down to fully compress the spring and on release the metal ball of mass 0.1 kg (weight 1 N) was projected 0.75 m vertically. ai What type of energy is stored in a compressed spring? [1 ii What happens to this stored energy when the handle of the plunger is released?
A i. what happens to this stored energy when the handle of plunger is released?
iam for su
r it is A
Explanation:
ertically. ai What type of energy is stored in a compressed spring? [1 ii What happens to this stored energy when the handle of the plunger is released?
A i. what
The electricity produced either by varying the magnetic field through a mechanical movement of the magnet or by rotating or moving the loop within a fixed magnetic field that does not move in both cases the magnetic flux through the loop varies with time? Explain your answer.
The electricity produced either by varying the magnetic field through a mechanical movement of the magnet or by rotating or moving the loop within a fixed magnetic field that does not move in both cases the magnetic flux through the loop varies with time.
What is magnetic field?The magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials is described by a magnetic field, which is a vector field.
A current will be induced in a coil of wire if it is exposed to a shifting magnetic field. Because of an electric field that is being generated, which drives the charges to move around the wire, current is flowing.
The electricity produced either by varying the magnetic field through a mechanical movement of the magnet or by rotating or moving the loop within a fixed magnetic field that does not move in both cases the magnetic flux through the loop varies with time.
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which public health policies help prevent communical diseases
In the remote version of the lab you completed this week’s students both their own ramps. One student made their room from a board game that was lifted 0.215m on one end. The length of the box is 0.400m. Starting from rest, they let a solid wall with a radius of 0.0535 m and a mass of 1.20 kg roll down the ramp without slipping.
Question: When the ball reaches the bottom of the homemade ramp what is its speed? SHOW WORKING OUT
The speed ball when it reaches the bottom of the homemade ramp is 1.68 m/s.
What is the speed of the ball at the bottom of the ramp?The speed of the ball at the bottom of the ramp is determined by applying the principle of conservation of energy as follows;
total kinetic energy = total potential energy
rotational kinetic energy + translational kinetic energy = total potential energy
¹/₂Iω² + ¹/₂mv² = mgh
where;
I is the moment of inertia of the ballv is the speed of the ballω is the angular speed of the ballm is mass of the ball¹/₂I(v/r)² + ¹/₂mv² = mgh
¹/₂Iv²/r² + ¹/₂mv² = mgh
I = ¹/₂mr²
¹/₂(¹/₂mr²)v²/r² + ¹/₂mv² = mgh
¹/₄mv² + ¹/₂mv² = mgh
¹/₄v² + ¹/₂v² = gh
v² + 2v² = 4gh
3v² = 4gh
v² = 4gh/3
v = √(4gh/3)
where;
h is the height g is accelerationv = √(4 x 9.8 x 0.215/3)
v = 1.68 m/s
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If the water start at a height of 45 metered and has a mass of 250 kg what is the potential energy of the water
The potential energy of the water having height of 45 m and has a mass of 250 kg is 110,250 Joule.
The force acting on the two objects affects the potential energy formula. The formula for gravitational force is P.E. = mgh, where g is the acceleration caused by gravity (9.8 m/s2 at the earth's surface) and h is the height in meters.
Substituting the value of mass (m), height(h) and g in the formula of potential energy
P.E = mgh
P.E. = 250*9.8*45
P.E.= 110,250 J
What is potential energy?Potential energy is the power that a thing possesses as a result of where it is in relation to other objects. Because the earth can pull you down through the force of gravity while doing work in the process, being at the top of a stairwell gives you more potential energy than standing at the bottom.
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alex is pushing a heavy box.The force he exerts is represented by the white arrow. In order to make his task easier in which direction should an additional force be applied?
Answer:
The other arrow/force should be in the same direction that Alex is pushing the heavy box.
Explanation:
If Alex is pushing the heavy box to the right, then another person helping him that is also pushing the heavy box to the right would lessen the amount that he has to push.
During a thunderstorm, why do you see the lightning before you hear the thunder?
Answer:
light travel faster than sound
Explanation:
because light, travels at about 300,000,000 meters per second, travels much faster than sound, which travels at 340 meters per second
science class is conducting an investigation to see how gravity affects objects of different masses. They drop three balls from the same height. They
me how long it takes the balls to hit the ground. What are the students comparing? (1 point)
O the time it takes for each ball to fall
O the height from which each ball is dropped
O the gravitational attraction of each ball
O the mass of each ball
Answer:
the gravitational attraction of each ball, so technically the others too lol
IF B is added to Ã, under what Condition does the resultant vector have magnitude equal to A + B ?
Answer:
its b and a
Explanation:
Think about a demonstration with a deflated and inflated basketball. The basketball weighed more after it was inflated with air than when it was deflated. How does this show that gas is matter?
When basketball is inflated than there is more air resistance so weight that is force due to gravity is more.
What is force?A force is an effect that can alter an object's motion according to physics. An object with mass can change its velocity, or accelerate, as a result of a force. An obvious way to describe force is as a push or a pull. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction.
Deflated and inflated ball are with air and without air so mass varies hence we say it is matter as it occupies space inside the ball.
When basketball is inflated than there is more air resistance so weight that is force due to gravity is more.
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When a rural road becomes a city road what type of road condition are you dealing with?
Answer:
Potholes, large cracks, and a generally bumpy (and not smooth) road.
Explanation:
Rural roads tend to be poorly kept as they are not usually paid for by the city's tax money.
Poor road characteristics can include;
Potholes, fallen trees, uncovered water drains, and shoulder drop off (the shoulder – right side of the road past the solid white line – drops more than two inches from the road's surface).
SOURCE:
https://www.edgarsnyder.com/car-accident/cause-of-accident/bad-roads/hazardous-roads-types.html
An SUV crashes into a wall. The mass of the vehicle is 2,150 kg and the crumple zone rigidity is 342 kN. Assuming the safety cell is perfectly rigid, what will be the acceleration of the SUV during a crash as the crumple zone is collapsing?
The acceleration of the SUV during crash as the crumple zone is collapsing is 0.0063 m/s².
What is acceleration?Acceleration is the ratio of the force on a body to the mass of the body.
To calculate the acceleration of the SUV, we use the formula below.
Formula:
F = ma............ Equation 1Where:
F = Crumple zone rigiditym = Mass of the vehiclea = Acceleration of the SUVMake a the susbject of the equation
a = F/m................. Equation 2From the question,
Given:
m = 2150 kgF = 342 kN = 342000 NSubstitute these values into equation 2
a = 2150/342000a = 0.0063 m/s²Hence, the acceleration of the SUV is 0.0063 m/s².
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The design of a new road includes a straight stretch that is horizontal and flat but that suddenly dips down a steep hill at 18°. The transition should be rounded with what minimum radius so that cars traveling 95 km/h will not leave the road
Answer:
74.7 m
Explanation:
You want the minimum radius of curvature of a vertical circular arc so that vehicles traveling 95 km/h making the transition from horizontal to an 18° down grade will not leave the road.
AccelerationThe acceleration due to gravity on the vehicle at the point it is traveling 18° down is ...
g·cos(18°) ≈ (9.8 m/s²)·0.95106 ≈ 9.32 m/s²
RadiusThe radius of an arc and the speed of travel are related to the normal acceleration by ...
r = v²/a
where v is the speed along the arc, and 'a' is the normal acceleration required to make an object follow the circular curve.
The speed of 95 km/h can be translated to m/s by ...
(95 km/h) · (1000 m/(1 km)) · (1 h)/(3600 s) = 95/3.6 m/s ≈ 26.389 m/s
RadiusUsing the above relation to find the radius, we get ...
r = (26.389 m/s)²/(9.32 m/s²) ≈ 74.72 m
The minimum radius of the vertical circular arc should be 74.7 meters to prevent vehicles from becoming airborne.
__
Additional comment
In actual roadway design, factors of sight distance and stopping distance come into play. Sight distance over this crest would be about 25 m. It would need to be more than 6 times that distance for the roadway to be safe at 95 km/h.
An 18° down grade is about 3 times the usual maximum for roadway design, which will severely increase stopping distance. The vertical arc described here would leave the car with no normal force on the roadway at the end of the arc, so braking would be impossible. Passengers would be feeling weightless, too.
Roadway curves are generally parabolic (not circular), so they have a constant rate of change of slope with horizontal distance.
In the district soccer championship finals, Elizabeth kicks a 0.94 kg soccer ball with a force of 35.0 N. How much does she accelerate the soccer ball from rest in the process?
Taking into account the Newton's Second Law, she accelerate the soccer ball from rest to 37.234 m/s² in the process.
Newton's second lawNewton's Second Law states that this force will change the speed of an object because the speed and/or direction will change.
Newton's second law defines the relationship between force and acceleration mathematically. This law says that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the sum of all the forces acting on it and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Mathematically, Newton's second law is expressed as:
F= m×a
where:
F = Force [N]m = Mass [kg]a = Acceleration [m/s²]Gravitational force be on the MoonIn this case, you know:
F= 35 Nm= 0.94 kga= ?Replacing in Newton's second law:
35 N= 0.94 kg× a
Solving:
a= 35 N÷ 0.94 kg
a=37.234 m/s²
Finally, she accelerate the soccer ball to 37.234 m/s².
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Two 20 kg buckets of water are being lowered into a well. There is a rope attached to the top bucket and a rope attaching the two buckets. If the acceleration is 0.025 m/s squared downwards, what is the tension in each rope?
Find the work done in moving a particle from P (0.92, 2.5) to Q(−3.1, 5) if the force is ⃗v = −3.6ˆı + 2.1ˆ.
The magnitude of the work done on the particle by the applied force is 19.72 J.
What is work done?The work done in moving a charged particle is determined from the product of force and displacement of the object.
W = Fd
where;
F is the applied forced is the displacement of the particleThe magnitude of the particle's displacement is calculated as follows;
|d| = √[(x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²]
where;
x₁ and x₂ are the initial and final position of the particle in horizontal directiony₁ and y₂ are the initial and final position of the particle in vertical direction|d| = √[(-3.1 - 0.92)² + (5 - 2.5)²]
|d| = 4.73 m
The magnitude of the force is calculated as follows;
F = √(-3.6² + 2.1²)
F = 4.17 N
The work done = 4.17 N x 4.73 m = 19.72 J
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Imagine that you are experimenting with two carts on an air track. Both carts have the same mass. You set cart A at rest on the track and slide cart B towards it with speed ( v ). Choose a possible outcome of the collision
a) Cart A moving forward with speed v/2, cart B moving backwards with speed (v).
b) Cart A at rest, cart B moving backwards with speed (v).
c) Cart A moving forwards with speed 2v, cart B moving forwards with speed (v).
d) Cart A moving forwards with speed (v), cart B at rest.
The possible outcome of the collision would be Cart A moving forwards with speed (v), cart B at rest. That is option D.
What is speed?Speed is defined as the quality of movement of an object with respect to time without the consideration of the direction of its movement.
From the question, the experiment contains two carts, A and B. Cart B is moving with the speed of v towards cart A.
Since the both cart bears the same mass, the speed of cart B would reduce while causing the movement of cart A.
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Show that an electron falling from n = 4 to n = 3 in the hydrogen atom will produce a photon in the infrared region.
The wavelength of the light is 1.92 * 10^-6 m which corresponds to the infrared region as shown in the image attached.
What is the energy of the hydrogen atom?We know that the hydrogen atom has electrons that occupy energy levels that are in conformity with the Bohr model. According to the Bohr model, electrons can move from a higher to a lower energy level.
We now have;
1/λ = RH (1/[tex]n_{2} ^2[/tex] - 1/[tex]n_{1}^2[/tex])
λ = wavelength
RH = Rydberg constant
The initial and the final levels are also shown therefore;
1/λ = 1.097 * 10^7 ( 1/3^2 - 1/4^2)
1/λ= 1.097 * 10^7 (0.11 - 0.0625)
λ=1.92 * 10^-6 m
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