In valence bond theory, a hybrid orbital is a weighted linear sum of the valence orbitals of a particular atom, and the hybrid orbital remains localized to that atom. In molecular orbital theory, a molecular orbital is a weighted linear sum of the valence atomic orbitals of all atoms in a molecule, and many of the molecular orbitals are delocalized throughout the molecule.
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds. Depending on the context, the term may or may not include ions that meet this criterion.In quantum physics, organic chemistry and biochemistry, ions The distinction between is removed and molecule is often used when referring to polyatomic ions.
Molecules can be isonuclear. H. Consists of atoms of chemical elements. Two atoms in the oxygen molecule (O2). Or it may be heteronuclear, which is a compound composed of multiple elements. Water (2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom; H2O). In gas dynamics theory, the term molecule is often used for gas particles, regardless of their composition. This relaxes the requirement that molecules contain more than one atom, since noble gases are single atoms.
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27. Which of the following molecules are chiral?(EXTRA CREDIT I. 2-Chlorobutane II. 3-Bromopentane ?. 1-Bromo-2-methylpropene IV. 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane A) I,? B) I, IV C) ?, 111
2-Chlorobutane, 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane are chiral .
chiral condition - a compound is said to be chiral if it is surrounded by 4 different groups
I,IV are chiral
II,III are achiral
Molecular types with non-superposable mirror images are known as chiral molecules. The existence of an asymmetric carbon atom in a molecule is the characteristic that most frequently contributes to chirality. When referring to an object that cannot be superposed on its mirror counterpart, the adjective "chiral" is generally employed.
A corkscrew, golf clubs, scissors, and other chiral items all have a "handedness." Thus, one can get scissors and golf clubs that are designed for either hand. Gloves and shoes are also sold in pairs, a right and a left.
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Draw the Lewis dot structure for the cyanide ion (CN-) and identify the hybridization state of the carbon and nitrogen atoms. Also identify the sigma and pi bonds present in the structure and any non-bonding electrons in the molecule.
1) The Lewis dot structure of the cyanide ion (CN-) is as follows:
Cyanide ion (CN-):
C: N:
2) Electron configuration:
C: [He] 2s2 2p2
N: [He] 2s2 2p3
The hybridization state of the carbon and nitrogen atoms in the cyanide ion is sp.
3) In the cyanide ion, the sigma bonds are the single bonds between the carbon and nitrogen atoms, and the pi bonds are the double bonds between the carbon and nitrogen atoms. There are no non-bonding electrons in the molecule.
The cyanide ion has a total of 10 valence electrons, which are used to form bonds between the carbon and nitrogen atoms. The carbon atom forms a single bond with the nitrogen atom by sharing one of its 2p electrons, and the nitrogen atom forms a triple bond with the carbon atom by sharing three of its 2p electrons. This results in a linear molecule with a carbon atom bonded to a nitrogen atom, with both atoms having a single bond and a double bond.
The hybridization state of the carbon and nitrogen atoms in the cyanide ion is sp. This is because the carbon atom has two unpaired electrons in its 2p orbitals, and the nitrogen atom has three unpaired electrons in its 2p orbitals. These unpaired electrons form sigma bonds with each other, resulting in an sp hybridization state.
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Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible. On which side does H (aq) appear, and what is its coefficient? 79. MnO4(aq)+(aą) 1(aq) +Mn2 (aq) a. left, 16 b. right, 16 c. left, 8 d. right, 8 e. right, 4
H+ appear on left hand side and the coefficient is 16 in the balanced redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions.
What is redox reaction?
Redox reactions, also referred to as oxidation-reduction processes, are reactions in which electrons are transferred from one species to another. An oxidized species is one that has lost electrons, whereas a reduced species has gained electrons.
The balanced redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients is written as
[tex]2MnO+16H^{+} +10I^{-}[/tex] → [tex]2Mn2^{+} + 8H_{2} O + 5I^{2}[/tex]
Therefore, the H+ is present on left side with a coefficient of 16 in the balanced redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions.
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when you change the number of __ you change the element: (5 points) electrons neutrons protons
That element transforms because when atomic number has been modified. The three fundamental types of components that comprise an atom are proton, neutrons, and nuclei.
What does an atomic number mean?The number of neutrons corresponds to the quantity more protons in the nucleus of the atom. No mater how many neutrons are present, an element's identity is determined by its number of protons; for example, an element with six atoms is a carbon atom. The count of protons in the nucleus is the atomic number.
Why does atomic number matter more?The electron count in an element is indicated by the atomic number. The majority of an element's chemical properties are determined by the electrons in their valency shell, which is their outer energy shell.
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Answer:
c. protons
Explanation:
got it right on the flexpoint test
what are the percentage dissociations of h (g), o (g),and i (g) at 2000 k and a total pressure of 1 bar?
The percentage dissociation of H₂ is 0.0814%.
The percentage dissociation of O₂ is 0.0335%.
The percentage dissociation of I₂ is 94.6%.
The balanced chemical equation:
H₂(g)⇄2H(g)
ΔG0=2(106,760 J/mol)
-RT lnK=2*106,760 J/mol
-(8.3145 J/K/mol)(200 K) ln K=2*106,760 J/mol
Solving for K,
K=2.65*10^-6
On calculation, the percentage dissociation of H₂ is 0.0814%.
The balanced chemical equation:
O₂(g)⇄2O(g)
ΔG0=2(121552 J/mol)
-RT lnK=2*121552 J/mol
-(8.3145 J/K/mol)(200 K) ln K=2*121552 J/mol
Solving for K,
K=4.48*10^-7
On calculation, the percentage dissociation of O₂ is 0.0335%.
The balanced chemical equation:
I₂(g)⇄2I(g)
ΔG0=2(-29410 J/mol)
-RT lnK=2*-29410 J/mol
-(8.3145 J/K/mol)(200 K) ln K=2*(-29410) J/mol
Solving for K,
K=34.37
On calculation, the percentage dissociation of I₂ is 94.6%.
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How many molecules are in 0.400 moles of N2O5?
Answer:2.41 molecules
Explanation:
Answer:
2.41 molecules.
Explanation:
0.400 mol N2O5 contains 2.41 molecules N2O5.
1mole N2O5=6.022 × 1023molecules N2O5.
stable atoms have ____ paid of valence electrons
Answer: 8 electrons
Explanation:
Answer: 8 valence electrons
Explanation: This is because the maximum electron an energy level can hold is 8 making it a stable atom
which indoor air pollutant causes the most cancer in developed countries? group of answer choices carbon monoxide naphthalene benzene formaldehyde radioactive radon gas
Radioactive radon gas, indoor air pollutant causes the most cancer in developed countries.
Radon gas is a chemical element with the number 86 and symbol Rn. It is a radioactive noble gas that is tasteless, odorless, and colorless. It is a minor part of the normal radioactive decay chains that naturally occur as lead and a number of other short-lived radioactive elements are produced as thorium and uranium slowly decay. Radon is the first result of radium breakdown. With a half-life of only 3.8 days, its most stable isotope, 222Rn, is also one of the rarest elements. The fact that uranium and thorium are two of the most common radioactive elements on Earth and have three isotopes each with a half-life means that even though radon has a short half-life, it will continue to exist on Earth for a very long period. Contrary to all the other intermediate components in the aforementioned decay chains, radon is gaseous and risky to breathe in under normal circumstances. Despite usually making up the bulk of a person's background radiation dosage, the amount of radon gas exposure varies depending on the local geology. Earth minerals that contain uranium are a typical source, therefore it frequently gathers in underground spaces like basements.
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what volume of carbon dioxide, measured at 25 °c and 741 torr, can be obtained by the reaction of 50.0 g of caco3 with 750 ml of 2.00m hcl solution? CaCO3(s) + HCL(aq) => CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O (unbalanced)
a. 11.2 L
b. 12.5 L
c. 18.8 L
d. 9.4 L
e. 6.25 L
The volume of the carbon dioxide that is produced in the reaction is 12.5 L. Option B
What is the volume of carbon dioxide?We know that a chemical reaction is said to occur when there is a combination of one or more reactants. We have to first obtain the limiting reactant in this case.
Number of moles of calcium carbonate = 50.0 g/100 g/mol
= 0.5 moles
Number of moles of HCl = 750/1000 * 2 = 1.5 moles
If 1 moles of carbonate reacts with 2 moles of HCl
0.5 moles of carbonate reacts with 0.5 moles * 2 moles/1
= 1 mole
The limiting reactant is the carbonate
If 2 moles of carbonate produces 1 moles of carbon dioxide
0.5 moles of carbonate produces 0.5 * 1/2
= 0.5 moles of carbon dioxide
Using PV =nRT
P = pressure
V = volume
n = Number of moles
R = gas constant
T = temperature
V = nRT/P
V = 0.5 * 0.082 * 298/0.975
V = 12.5 L
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write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: liquid c₇h₈o is burned with oxygen gas to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor
Propanol burns with a chemical equation of 2 C3H7OH + 9 O2 + 6 CO2 + 8 H2O.
Chemical equation: what is it?Chemical equations are given in the form of symbols with chemical formulas, and they serve as a symbolism of chemical reactions. Reactants are located on the left, and products are located on the right.
What is an example of a chemical equation?Chemical equations are used to depict how reactants change into For instance, the combination of ferrous (Fe) and sulfide (S) results in iron sulfide (FeS). The plus symbol indicates that sulfur and iron react to form FeS.
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What does VSEPR stand for?
VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.
\What is VSEPR theory?
Gillespie summarizes the rules of VSEPR theory as follows:
A non-binding domain is larger than a single binding domain. They are more widely distributed than single binding domains and occupy more space in the valence shell. This makes sense, because lonely couples are only affected by one positive core, not two.The size of the single bond domain in the valence shell of the central atom decreases with increasing electronegativity of the ligand.Although it is often convenient to think of double and triple bonds as consisting of one σ or two π bonds, respectively, or two or three curved single bonds, the electron pair domain model Now it's easier to think of the double bond as: Two-electron-pair domains and triple bonds as three-electron-pair domains in which individual electron pairs are indistinguishable. These binding domains increase in size from single to double to triple bonds.Therefore, VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.
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if the reaction begins with 95.00 grams of cr2o3 and 183.0 grams of silicon, how many grams of the excess reactant will be used?
The limiting reactant is the one that is used up first and sets a limit on the quantity of product(s) that can be produced. Calculate the moles of each reactant present and contrast this ratio with the mole ratio of the reactants in the balanced chemical equation to determine the limiting reactant.
When a chemical reaction is complete, the limiting reagent—also known as the limiting reactant or limiting agent—is the reactant that has been completely consumed. Since the reaction cannot proceed without this reagent, the amount of product that can be produced is constrained. Excess reagents or excess reactants are any reagents that are present in amounts greater than those necessary to cause a reaction with the limiting reagent (sometimes abbreviated as "xs"). Since the amount of product produced when the limiting reagent interacts entirely is defined as the theoretical yield, the limiting reagent must be identified in order to calculate the percentage yield of a reaction. There are various equivalent techniques to determine the limiting reagent and assess the excess amounts of other reagents given the balanced chemical equation that describes the reaction.
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Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the electron domain geometry. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the number of lone pair(s) on the central atom. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the name of the molecular geometry. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and predict the polarity. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and predict the predominant intermolecular force. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the hybridization on Te.
The Lewis Structure for TeO3 is attached in the image given below, and the electron domain geometry is Tetrahedral.
Lewis structures, often referred to as Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDS), are diagrams that depict the interactions of atoms inside molecules as well as any lone pairs of electrons that may be present. Any molecule with a covalent link, as well as coordination compounds, can have a Lewis structure. Gilbert N. Lewis, who first described it in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, gave the Lewis structure its name. Lewis structures add lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond, extending the idea of the electron dot diagram. Each atom's position within a molecule is indicated by its chemical symbol in Lewis structures. Lines divide atoms that are linked together. Pairs of dots are displayed next to the atoms to represent the additional electrons that form lone pairs. While main group elements of the second period and beyond frequently respond by gaining, shedding, or sharing electrons until they have attained a valence shell electron configuration with a full octet of (8) electrons, hydrogen (H) can only form bonds that share two electrons.
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Terry and James are partners in a mystery lab. The boys have a compound light microscope and several unlabeled slides. Their task is to find out everything they can about the samples on the slides. Terry puts a slide on the microscope stage and focuses the lenses on the sample. He can see that the sample is made up of tiny cells.
Even without knowing anything else about the cells he sees, what can Terry reasonably conclude about them?
From the samples on the slide made up of tiny cells, Terry can conclude that the cells were produced by other cells.
How does cell production occur?Cell production occurs often in a human protein, such as yeast, bacteria, or mammalian cells in culture, which then start producing the protein in large quantities. A new organism is created during the process of splicing a gene into a production cell.
Cells are often produced from other cells by the process of replication. All living things, from microorganisms to humans, rely on cells for structure and function. Scientists regard them as the tiniest form of life. Cells contain the biological machinery that produces the proteins, chemicals, and signals that are responsible for everything that occurs within our bodies.
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enter your answer in the provided box. use the following information to calculate the δh o lattice of mgf2:
Since magnesium ions have a charge that is two times greater than that of lithium and sodium ions, MgF2 has a higher lattice energy than LiF and NaCl. As ion charge rises, lattice energy rises as well.
What is mgf2?An inorganic substance with the chemical formula MgF2 is magnesium fluoride. The substance is transparent over a wide spectrum of wavelengths and is a white crystalline salt with industrial uses in optics and space telescopes. Ionic compounds, which are formed of a cation and an anion, include magnesium fluoride as an example.
What is MgF2 used for?The hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (121 nm) and beyond are well-transmitted by magnesium fluoride in the VUV range. Magnesium fluoride is ideal for Excimer laser applications and is mostly employed in UV optics.
Fluorine is an electronegative element, whereas magnesium is an electropositive element. Magnesium fluoride is the result of the reaction between these two, which produces an ionic product.
Briefing:Lattice energy: MgF2(s) → Mg2+(g) + 2 F– (g)
Use Hess’s law: ∆Hº
Mg(s) → Mg(g) 148 kJ
F2(g) → 2F(g) 159 kJ
Mg(g) → Mg+ (g) + e– 738 kJ
Mg+(g) → Mg2+(g) + e – 1450 kJ
2F(g) + 2e–→ 2F– (g) 2(–328) = – 656 kJ
MgF2(s) → Mg(s) + F2 (g) 1123 kJ (Reaction is reversed and the sign of ∆Hº changed.)
MgF2(s) → Mg2+(g) + 2F– (g) 2962 kJ
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In an oil spill, is the danger greater to birds and marine
mammals than it is to fish and other organisms that live on
the ocean bottom? Why?
Answer:
During most oil spills, seabirds are harmed and killed in greater numbers than other kinds of creatures. Sea otters can easily be harmed by oil, since their ability to stay warm depends on their fur remaining clean.
fix any errors in these proposed electron configurations
The electrons cannot consistently occupy their orbitals in certain electron configurations, which are impossible.
What elements don't always have the same electron configuration?Chromium and copper are the two principal exceptions to the rule of electron configuration. An electron from the 4s orbital gets stimulated and climbs to the 3d orbital in these circumstances because a fully or mostly filled d sub-level is more stable than a partially filled d sub-level.
Why is it impossible to pinpoint an electron's location?According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, it is impossible to know an electron's precise position and momentum at the same time. This is due to the fact that electrons cannot simultaneously have a fixed position and a velocity in one direction.
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compared to an electron in the first electron energy level of an atom, an electron in the third energy level of the same atom has
An electron in the third electron energy level of the same atom has more energy compared to an electron in the first electron energy level of the same atom.
What is an atom?Atoms, which are minuscule bits of substance, are what distinguish each chemical element from the others. A negatively charged nucleus at the center of an atom is surrounded by one or more orbiting electrons. It's possible to find the positively charged, moderately massive protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus. Any primary particle of matter with at least one proton is referred to as an atom. Neon (N) and hydrogen (H) are examples of atoms (Ne).
How are atom made?Atoms first formed 13.7 billion years after the Big Bang. As the hot, dense new universe cooled, quarks and electrons were conceivably possible to form. Protons and neutrons were created by the combination of quarks, which then resulted in the formation of nuclei.
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Classify the compounds as acids, bases, or salts. Acid Base Salt 2 HF HF Ca(OH)2 | NH4Cl NaF CaCl2 H2C204 RbOH H2SO3
We know that,
Acid is a compound, molecule or the entity that can donate a proton or accept an electron pair in reactions.
Base is a compound, molecule or the entity that can donate an electron pair in reactions.
In water, base solution is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes the color of indicators.
Salts are chemical compounds that are consisting of an ionic assembly of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.
Salts are produced by the reaction of an acid with a base and the reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction.
HF is a acid
[tex]Ca(OH)_{2}[/tex] is a base
[tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] is a salt
NaF is a base
[tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] is a salt
[tex]H_{2} C_{2} O_{4}[/tex], oxalic acid is an acid
RbOH is a base
[tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] is an acid
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Question 22 19 . Give the formula for magnesium hydrogen sulfate A) MgHSO3 b, B) Mg2( HSO4)2 C) MgzHSO3 d, D) Mg(HSO412 E) MgSO4
b.Mg2( HSO4)2 .Magnesium hydrogensulfate [Mg(HSO4)2], as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst, has been used for the mild formation of trimethylsilyl (TMS).
Mg(HSO4)2 from various primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic alcohols; aromatic alcohols; and oximes using hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) under ambient conditions. Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) has been utilized as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst to moderately produce trimethylsilyl (TMS) ethers from a variety of primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, and oximes under ambient conditions. Additionally, under solvent-free conditions and with short reaction durations and high to exceptional yields, 14-aryl-14H-dibenzoxanthenes and 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives were produced in the presence of Mg(HSO4)2. The balanced chemical equation is therefore Mg (s) Magnesium + H 2 SO 4 (aq) Sulphuric acid MgSO 4 for the reaction of magnesium solid with sulfuric acid to produce hydrogen gas and magnesium sulfate ( aq ) Hydrogen (g) with magnesium sulfate.
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The most common charge associated with scandium in its compounds is Indicate the chemical formulas you would expect for compounds formed between scandium and (a) iodine, ( b) sulfur, (c) nitrogen.
The most common charge associated with scandium in its compounds is Indicate the chemical formulas you would expect for compounds formed between scandium and sulfur.
What we want to record are the formulas for various binary ionic compounds. We need to consider the octet rule in order to accomplish this. Atoms will either gain, lose, or share electrons to have the electron configuration of the neighboring noble gas in accordance with the octet's rule (8 valence electrons except for He with 2). Iodine and potassium, or KI
K has 1 valence electron, hence losing one electron will result in K+. I already contains 7 valence electrons, thus to create I, I will gain 1 electron. Between K+ and I, a neutral chemical called KI exists. Chlorine and magnesium - sulfur Mg has two valence electrons, it must give up two of them to create Cl and gain one electron to become
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4. Antibiotics are effective on
____________________________________cells.
This means they would not work on which two
infections from question #1?
________________________________________
and ____________________________________.
(use the photo for question one)
Antibiotics are effective on bacterial cells. This means they would not work on which two infections from question 1? Common cold and influenza ("flu").
Why won't it be effective on those infections?Antibiotics are a type of medication that will fight bacterial infections by killing the bacteria and preventing their growth. It will then affect living microorganisms.
It will then not be effective in viral infections since viruses are not living beings, which will not do anything to them and what will generate is that in the individual who is taking the antibiotics, the bacteria generate antibiotic resistance making it more difficult to eradicate them when it is generated by a bacterial infection.
Therefore, we can confirm that in a common cold and influenza the use of antibiotics is not going to be effective because they are caused by viral agents that will not be eradicated.
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Draw the Lewis structure of (AsF4) Use this stnicture; conjunction with VSEPR theory, predict: a)The electron domain geometry of the molecule: b)The molecular geometry (shape ofthe molecule). c)The bond angles around the centra atom. d)The polarity of the molecule. e) The type of hybridization f the central Hom.
(a) Electron domain geometry: TBP
(b) molecular geometry of the molecule: see-saw
(c) The bond angles around the central atom:
∠F-As-F (equatorial) : 120° and
∠F-As-F (axial): 90° but actually less than these values.
(d) This is a polar molecule.
(e) sp³d hybridization of the central metal atom.
What is Lewis structure?A molecule's valence shell electrons are shown in a very simple manner via a Lewis structure. It is used to demonstrate how the electrons in a molecule are positioned around particular atoms.
It demonstrates the bonds that exist between a molecule's atoms and its lone pairs of electrons. When used in conjunction with hybrid orbitals, Lewis structures can also be helpful in predicting molecular geometry.
The Lewis structure of [AsF₄]⁻ is drawn below:
(a) The electron domain geometry of the molecule is: TBP (trigonal bipyramidal)
(b) The molecular geometry of the molecule: see-saw.
(c) The bond angles around the central atom:
Expected bond angle:
∠F-As-F (equatorial) : 120° and
∠F-As-F (axial): 90°
but it is observed that, it is less than the expected value due to l.p-b.p repulsion.
(d) This is a polar molecule.
(e) The type of hybridization of the central atom: sp³d.
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29) The molecular geometry of the PF4+ ion is octahedral B) tetrahedral trigonal pyramidal D) trigonal planar E) trigonal bipyramidal '
The lewis structure shape of PF4+ is tetrahedral with the positive charge on phosphorus atom.
A Lewis Structure is a greatly condensed illustration of a molecule's valence shell electrons. It is used to display how the electrons are positioned around particular molecules' atoms. When two atoms are bonded together, electrons are depicted as "dots" or as a line. The tetrahedral that describes how atoms share electrons so that each atom has eight electrons in its outer shell. This idea is the foundation of a Lewis structure. An oxygen atom, as an illustration, has six electrons in its outer shell. The removal of one electron from its valence shell causes it to become positively charged. tetrahedral has four covalent connections, the central phosphorus atom is joined to four fluorine atoms. Therefore, Lewis Structure if we examine the phosphorous There are five valence electrons in phosphorus. It has four bonds at this place. There is no electron lone pair on the phosphorus atom in the PH+4 ion. It has a tetrahedral structure with a 10928′ bond angle. PH4+ assumes tetrahedral geometry with a bond angle of 109° 28' since there is no lone pair-bond pair repulsion and there are four identical bond pair-bond pair interactions.
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Draw a Lewis structure for the urea molecule, CO(NH2)2CO(NH2)2. Draw the Lewis dot structure for urea. Include all lone pairs of electrons. SubmitPrevious Answers Part B Predict its geometric shape around C atom with the VSEPR theory. Predict its geometric shape around atom with the VSEPR theory. tetrahedral trigonal pyramidal bent trigonal planar SubmitRequest Answer Part C Predict its geometric shape around N atom with the VSEPR theory. Predict its geometric shape around atom with the VSEPR theory. tetrahedral trigonal pyramidal bent trigonal planar
Part B- The geometric shape is trigonal planar and hybridization is sp2. Part C- The geometric shape is tetrahedral and hybridization is sp3.
A Lewis Structure is a completely simplified illustration of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It is used to expose how the electrons are organized round character atoms in a molecule. Electrons are proven as "dots" or for bonding electrons as a line among the 2 atoms.
The Lewis structure of urea is attached in the image given below.
The carbon atom surrounded by three regions of electron density. Therefore, it is trigonal planar.
The electron pair geometry is sp2 hybridization.
The nitrogen atoms are surrounded by four regions of electron density. Thus, it is arranged in a tetrahedral geometry. and the hybridization is sp3.
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what is the emf generated by an cu-co electrode pair in a 1 molar solution of ions at standard temperature? answer in volts.
An pt-cu electrode pair in a 1 molar solution of ions at room temperature produces an emf of 4.124 v.
The temperature of a substance is defined as the sum of the kinetic energies of all its atoms or molecules. As a result of withdrawing energy, atoms and molecules move less quickly, which causes the temperature to drop (cooling). The three temperature scales that are now in use are Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin.
E-cell = E-cathode-E-anode, or 1.2-(-2.924) = 1.2+2.924 = 4.124 v
4.124 v for E° cell
What is the SI equivalent of EMF?Volt is used to measure electromotive force. The number of Joules of energy provided by the source divided by each Coulomb to permit a unit electric charge is how electromagnetic fields are mathematically expressed.
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color in a unit cell of this two-dimensional lattice:
The color in a unit cell of a two-dimensional lattice is determined by the arrangement of atoms within the lattice structure. A unit cell is the smallest repeating unit within the lattice, and it contains all of the atoms within the lattice.
The atoms are arranged in a regular pattern, which can be described as a crystal lattice.The color in a unit cell is determined by the type of bonds that exist between the atoms in the lattice. Different types of bonds will produce different colors. For example, ionic bonds are strong and result in a bright, vivid color, while covalent bonds are weaker and produce a more muted color. Metals, on the other hand, have metallic bonds, which produce a metallic sheen.
The color of a unit cell can also be affected by the properties of the atoms themselves. For example, if the atoms have a large difference in electronegativity, the unit cell may appear to have a strong color contrast. Additionally, the color can vary depending on the angle at which it is viewed.In summary, the color in a unit cell of a two-dimensional lattice is determined by the type of bonds that exist between the atoms, as well as the properties of the atoms themselves. These factors will determine the overall appearance of the unit cell.
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When converted to inches of mercury the air pressure reading of 1,017 millibars at letter c is equal to?
How many protons, electrons and neutrons are in 34S2-? Number of protons ______________ Number of electrons _____________ Number of neutrons _____________
In a 34S2-, the number of protons is 16, number of electrons is 18, and number of neutrons is 18.
Sulphur 34 is the stable isotope of sulfur. Sulfur has an atomic number of 16 and relative atomic mass of 34. Atomic number refers to the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element. Hence, the number of protons would be 16 for Sulphur 34. Atomic mass refers to number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. Hence, the number of neutrons would be 18 for Sulfur 34. The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of protons. However, in the give ion, 34S2- which is negatively charged to negative two implying that it has two extra electrons, hence the number of electrons is 18.
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the nuclear mass of 141ba is 140.883 amu. calculate the binding energy per nucleon for 141ba.
The binding energy per nucleon for the atom, 141-Ba is 8.326 MeV per nucleon.
What is nuclear binding energy?Nuclear binding energy is the minimum energy required to separate the nucleus of an atom into its constituent protons and neutrons.
The protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom are collectively called nucleons.
The binding energy per nucleon for the atom, 141-Ba is given below:
The atom, 141-Ba has 56 protons and 85 neutrons.
The total mass of the 141-Ba nucleus is obtained from;
(56 * 1.007277) + (85 * 1.008665)
The total mass of the Li nucleus = 142.144 amu
The actual mass of 141-Ba = 140.883 amu
Mass defect = (142.144 - 140.883) amu
Mass defect = 1.261 amu
The total binding energy per nucleon in MeV is calculated as follows;
Total binding energy = 1.261 amu × 931 MeV
Total binding energy = 1173.991 MeV
The binding energy per nucleon in MeV per nucleon = 1173.991 MeV/141
The binding energy per nucleon in MeV per nucleon = 8.326 MeV per nucleon
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