Financial services businesses such as Lenddo must focus on improving their services and technology to remain competitive.
Porter's Competitive Forces model has had a significant impact on the development of the financial services industry. Figure 2.3 depicts Porter's Competitive Forces Model. According to the model, there are five competitive forces that influence the development of an industry. The following is an explanation of each of the five competitive forces, as well as the impact of the web and Porter's five competitive forces on financial services firms such as Lenddo.
1. The threat of entry of new competitors:
New competitors' threat is moderate. It's simple to start an online financial services firm like Lenddo. The internet's widespread use has eliminated the need for physical branches, allowing new entrants to compete with established businesses with ease.
2. The bargaining power of suppliers:
Supplier bargaining power is moderate. The presence of a lot of suppliers in the financial services sector results in low switching costs for firms like Lenddo. However, suppliers have a significant influence on the industry's overall cost structure.
3. The bargaining power of customers:
Customer bargaining power is high. Customers may easily compare and switch to other financial service providers if they are not satisfied with the services provided by Lenddo. This makes customer retention a significant concern for businesses.
4. The threat of substitute products or services:
There are a plethora of substitute goods and services available in the financial services sector. The emergence of new products and services as a result of technological advancements can quickly render existing financial products and services obsolete.
5. The rivalry among existing firms in the industry:
The rivalry among current businesses is strong. Several established businesses like Lenddo have already captured the market, leaving little room for new entrants to develop. Firms must concentrate on enhancing their services to remain competitive.
The Impact of the Web and Porter's five competitive forces:
The internet has drastically transformed the financial services sector.
It has created new entry barriers, decreased switching costs, and increased customer bargaining power.
The competitive forces listed above have resulted in businesses focusing on enhancing their services and reducing costs to remain competitive.
This has resulted in increased competition among financial services businesses.
Therefore, financial services businesses such as Lenddo must focus on improving their services and technology to remain competitive.
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Suppose now that Apple gets into a forward contract with the bank to exchange 5,000 Yuan at the exchange rate of 7 Yuan/\$ in one month. Create a table in Excel showing Apple's profit in US \$ given the market exchange rate ranging from 1 Yuan /$ to 20 Yuan/\$ one month from now. Create a chart using this data in Excel to show the company's exposure to foreign exchange risk. In your Excel file, explain what has Apple accomplished with risk management using a forward contract? What if it had not managed its currency risk?
Apple has accomplished risk management by using a forward contract to hedge its currency risk. This allows the company to mitigate uncertainty and potential losses arising from unfavorable exchange rate movements.
By entering into a forward contract, Apple has taken a proactive approach to manage its currency risk. The forward contract allows the company to lock in a specific exchange rate of 7 yuan per dollar, providing stability and predictability for its future transaction. This hedges against the uncertainty of the foreign exchange market, shielding Apple from potential losses due to adverse exchange rate movements.
Creating a table in Excel and visualizing the data through a chart enables Apple to assess its exposure to foreign exchange risk. It allows the company to analyze the potential profit or loss in US dollars based on different market exchange rate scenarios, providing valuable insights for decision-making.
Without managing its currency risk, Apple would be susceptible to the fluctuations of the exchange rate, making it challenging to forecast financial outcomes accurately. This could lead to increased uncertainty, financial losses, and difficulty in planning international transactions. The forward contract empowers Apple to mitigate these risks and make informed business decisions, enhancing its overall risk management strategy.
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Use the expected annual return and standard deviation of return data below provided by a security analyst on two stocks: Starbucks and Target. Use this information to answer the next 3 questions.
E(r) s
Starbucks (SBUX) 25% 50%
Target (TGT) 12% 25%
The correlation coefficient (rho) of the returns between SBUX and TGT is assumed to be +0.2.
1. The standard deviation of return of a portfolio of ¾ SBUX and ¼ TGT is closest to _____.
A. 39.23% B. 43.75% C. 37.5% D. 38.02%
2. If you find the portfolio of SBUX and TGT that minimizes the variance (and standard deviation) of return it would have portfolio weights of approximately _____.
A. SBUX = 0.14, TGT = 0.86
B. SBUX = 0.50, TGT = 0.50
C. SBUX = 0.333, TGT = 0.666
D. SBUX = 0.666, TGT = 0.333
Suppose that you can combine only SBUX and TGT to create a risky portfolio. A risk-free asset cannot be used. Assume a utility function: U = E(r) - .5As2 with A = 2.
3. The optimal portfolio weights to combine SBUX and TGT to maximize the investor’s utility are approximately _____.
A. SBUX = 0.666, TGT = 0.333
B. SBUX = 0.333, TGT = 0.666
C. SBUX = 0.14, TGT = 0.86
D. SBUX = 0.39, TGT = 0.61
--
The answers I got were:
1. .97308
2. A
3. D
I am not sure my answers are correct. Please show formulas used for calculations, as I'm not confident I have been using the correct formulas.
1. Standard deviation of return of a portfolio of ¾ SBUX and ¼ TGTFor a portfolio of ¾ SBUX and ¼ TGT, we will have:
portfolio standard deviation = [0.75^2 * 0.50^2 + 0.25^2 * 0.25^2 + 2 * 0.75 * 0.25 * 0.5 * 0.25 * 0.20]^0.5
= (0.140625)^0.5 = 0.375 = 37.5%.
The correct option is (C).2. Portfolio weights of SBUX and TGT that minimizes variance of returnFor the portfolio of SBUX and TGT that minimizes the variance of return, we have to find the point where the slope of the indifference curve (which represents constant utility level) is the same as the slope of the efficient frontier (the portfolio return-risk combination that is the best).This is where the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) equals the slope of the efficient frontier line.The slope of the efficient frontier is:
slope = (0.25 - 0.12)/(50% - 25%) = 0.26
The slope of the indifference curve is:
MRS = d E (r)/ds = A * s
For the portfolio of SBUX and TGT, MRS = 2 * 37.5% = 75%.
So, 75% = 0.26 which gives s = 0.34667.
Hence, the weights of Starbucks and Target in the optimal portfolio are:
w SBUX = (0.25 - 0.34667)/[(50% - 25%) * (0.50 - 0.34667)]
= 0.39
wTGT = 1 - w SBUX
= 0.61.
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Product: Eucerin EczemA Lotion
Communication Tool: Social Media Advertising
1. Describe the benefits in using these communication tools.
2. How would you integrate all your communications tools in order to assure consistency? and How would you monitor their effectiveness
Social media advertising offers several benefits for promoting a product like Eucerin EczemA Lotion: Wide Reach: Social media platforms have billions of active users, allowing for a broad reach and exposure to a large audience.
Targeted Advertising: Social media platforms provide advanced targeting options, enabling precise audience segmentation based on demographics, interests, and behavior. This helps to reach individuals who are more likely to be interested in the product.
Engaging Content Formats: Social media allows for the use of various content formats such as images, videos, and interactive elements to capture attention and convey product benefits effectively.
Customer Interaction: Social media platforms facilitate direct engagement with customers through comments, messages, and reviews, allowing for real-time communication and feedback.
To assure consistency in communications, it is essential to integrate all communication tools effectively: Brand Messaging: Ensure consistent brand messaging across all communication tools, maintaining a unified voice, tone, and style that aligns with the brand's identity and values.
Visual Identity: Maintain consistent visual elements such as logos, color schemes, and fonts across all communication tools to reinforce brand recognition and coherence.
Coordinated Campaigns: Plan and execute synchronized campaigns across different communication tools to create a cohesive and reinforcing message for the target audience.
Monitoring Effectiveness: Use analytics and tracking tools provided by social media platforms to measure the reach, engagement, and conversions resulting from the social media advertising. Monitor feedback, comments, and reviews to gauge customer sentiment and adjust strategies accordingly. Regularly evaluate the performance of each communication tool and make data-driven decisions for optimization and improvement.
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Suppose two pre-owned cars have caught a buyer's eye: Car 1 has been diven 20,000 miles and has fuel efficiency of 28 miles per gallon, while Car 2 has been driven 35,000 miles and has fuel efficiency of 34 miles per gallon. a. If the buyer is currently torn between the swo cars and you have a higher profe marein on Car 1, describe the type of additional car you should show them to maimiae your profit on this transaction. Draw a corresponding dapram to illutrate your andwer. b. What bias are you exploiting? c. Does standard economics expect this reaction to the intooducton of the third car? Explain.
If the buyer is torn between two cars, car 1 with 20,000 miles and 28 miles per gallon fuel efficiency, and car 2 with 35,000 miles and 34 miles per gallon fuel efficiency, to maximize the profit, an additional car with higher profit margin than car 1 should be shown.
a. The buyer is currently confused between two cars, car 1 with 20,000 miles and 28 miles per gallon fuel efficiency, and car 2 with 35,000 miles and 34 miles per gallon fuel efficiency. In this scenario, if a seller wants to maximize the profit margin on this transaction and has a higher profit margin on car 1, then they should introduce another car with a higher profit margin than car 1 to convince the buyer to choose car 1. In this way, the seller can sell the car with a higher profit margin while still satisfying the buyer.
b. The bias that the seller is exploiting is the compromise effect. This effect is the tendency of people to choose an option that is a compromise between two options, rather than the extreme options. In this case, the seller is offering the buyer a choice between two cars, and then introducing a third car with a higher profit margin than car 1 to make car 1 seem like a compromise option and more appealing to the buyer.
c. Standard economics expects this reaction to the introduction of the third car. This is because standard economics assumes that buyers are rational and always choose the option that maximizes their utility. In this case, the buyer would choose the car that gives them the most value for their money.
However, this assumption is not always true as buyers can be influenced by different biases such as the compromise effect, as seen in this scenario.
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What benefits and drawback are there for a business that uses an Activity Based Costing (ABC) model?
If you owned a small manufacturing business with relatively high volume and multiple product lines, would you implement an ABC model? Why?
The benefits of using an Activity Based Costing (ABC) model in a business include more accurate cost allocation, enhanced cost control, better decision-making based on cost data.
By assigning costs to specific activities, ABC provides a more precise picture of the resources consumed by each product or service. However, implementing an ABC model also has drawbacks. It requires a significant amount of time, effort, and resources to establish and maintain. The data collection process can be complex, and the model itself may be difficult to understand for employees not familiar with the concept. Additionally, the implementation cost can be high, especially for small businesses with limited financial resources.
In the case of a small manufacturing business with high volume and multiple product lines, implementing an ABC model could be beneficial. With multiple products, it becomes crucial to accurately allocate costs and understand the profitability of each product line. ABC can provide insights into the true cost drivers and help identify areas for cost reduction or process improvement. However, the decision to implement ABC should be based on a thorough cost-benefit analysis, considering the resources available and the potential long-term benefits for the business.
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Suppose you hold a diversified portfolio worth $300,000 with 20 stocks. The beta of the portfolio is 1.2. Now you sold stock A worth $40,000 whose beta is 0.8. You want to buy a stock whose beta is 1.8. How much do you have to buy to make your portfolio's beta be 1.5 ? 4) What are operating current assets?
You would need to buy approximately $182,222.22 worth of the stock with a beta of 1.8 to make your portfolio's beta be 1.5.
To make your portfolio's beta be 1.5, you need to buy approximately $160,000 worth of the stock with a beta of 1.8.
To calculate the required investment, we can use the beta formula:
Beta of Portfolio = (Total Investment in Stock A * Beta of Stock A + Total Investment in Stock B * Beta of Stock B) / Total Portfolio Value
Given that the beta of the portfolio is 1.2, the total portfolio value is $300,000, and you sold stock A worth $40,000 with a beta of 0.8, we can rearrange the formula to solve for the required investment in the stock with a beta of 1.8.
1.2 = (40,000 * 0.8 + Required Investment * 1.8) / 300,000
Simplifying the equation, we get:
1.2 * 300,000 = 32,000 + 1.8 * Required Investment
360,000 - 32,000 = 1.8 * Required Investment
328,000 = 1.8 * Required Investment
Required Investment = 328,000 / 1.8 ≈ $182,222.22
Therefore, you would need to buy approximately $182,222.22 worth of the stock with a beta of 1.8 to make your portfolio's beta be 1.5.
4) Operating current assets are the assets that a company requires to support its ongoing operations and generate revenue within a relatively short period, typically within one year. These assets are necessary for day-to-day business activities and can include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid expenses. They are distinct from long-term assets such as property, plant, and equipment. Operating current assets are essential for maintaining liquidity and funding the company's short-term obligations, such as paying suppliers, covering operating expenses, and meeting short-term liabilities. They are an important component in assessing a company's working capital management and its ability to operate efficiently and meet short-term financial obligations.
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According to the efficient market hypothesis, which most accurately reflect the United States economy? None of the above Weak-form efficiency Strong-form etficiency Semistrong-form efficiency
According to the efficient market hypothesis, the most accurate reflection of the United States economy would be the "Semistrong-form efficiency."
The efficient market hypothesis suggests that financial markets are efficient and that asset prices reflect all available information.
- Weak-form efficiency assumes that current market prices fully reflect all past market trading information, such as historical prices and trading volumes.
- Semistrong-form efficiency goes beyond weak-form efficiency and assumes that market prices not only reflect past trading information but also all publicly available information, including news, financial statements, and other relevant data.
- Strong-form efficiency is the strongest form of efficiency and assumes that market prices reflect all information, including public and private information, meaning that no investor can consistently outperform the market.
Since the United States is known for having well-developed financial markets with a high level of transparency and availability of information, the semistrong-form efficiency would be the most appropriate reflection of the U.S. economy according to the efficient market hypothesis.
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The average distance travelled by a student to deliver goods is: group of answer choices 3. 89 miles 1. 01 miles 3. 76 miles 4. 02 miles
The average distance traveled by a student to deliver goods is 3.76 miles. This distance takes into account the collective experiences of students involved in delivering goods, indicating that, on average, they travel approximately 3.76 miles per delivery.
When considering the factors influencing this average distance, various variables come into play. The locations of the students and the recipients of the goods, as well as the nature of the goods being delivered, all contribute to the overall distance. Factors such as the size of the delivery area, the density of the population, and the proximity of the students' starting point to the recipients play a role in determining the distance traveled. It is important to note that this average distance may vary depending on the specific circumstances and the geographic location of the study or survey conducted. Nonetheless, based on the available data, the average distance traveled by a student to deliver goods is estimated to be around 3.76 miles.
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Barbara buys 60 shares of DEM at $26.00 a share and 210 shares of GOP at $40.00 a share. She buys on margin and the broker charges interest of 12 percent on the loan.
a. If the margin requirement is 59 percent, what is the maximum amount she can borrow? Round your answer to the nearest cent.$
b. If she buys the stocks using the borrowed money and holds the securities for a year, how much interest must she pay? Round your answer $
c. If after a year she sells DEM for $12.00 a share and GOP for $29.00 a share, how much did she lose on her investment? Use a minus sign to enter the amount as a negative value. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
d. What is the percentage loss on the funds she invested if the interest payment is included in the calculation? Use a minus sign to enter the amount as a negative value. Round your answer to two decimal places.
a. The maximum amount Barbara can borrow can be calculated by multiplying the margin requirement (59%) by the total value of the stocks she purchased. Maximum loan amount = (0.59) * (60 * $26 + 210 * $40)
b. To calculate the interest Barbara must pay on the loan, we multiply the loan amount by the interest rate of 12%. Interest payment = (Loan amount) * 0.12 c. To determine the loss on her investment, we need to calculate the difference between the initial investment and the proceeds from selling the stocks. Loss on investment = (60 * $26 + 210 * $40) - (60 * $12 + 210 * $29) d. The percentage loss on the funds invested, including the interest payment, can be calculated by dividing the total loss (investment loss + interest payment) by the initial investment and multiplying by 100. Percentage loss on investment = ((Loss on investment + Interest payment) / Initial investment) * 100
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Samantha wants to have saved enough money by the time she is 60 to invest it and earn a $4000 monthly income for the rest of her life which she estimates will be 25 more years. If he can earn 8% annually, compounded monthly on invested money, how much does she need to save each month for the next 40 years to get the retirement she has planned?
To calculate the amount Samantha needs to save each month for the next 40 years, we can use the future value of an ordinary annuity formula. Samantha needs to save approximately $267.10 per month for the next 40 years to achieve her retirement savings goal and receive a monthly income of $4000 for the rest of her life.
The future value of an ordinary annuity formula is: FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r Where: FV = Future value of the annuity (the desired amount Samantha wants to have saved by age 60) P = Monthly savings amount r = Monthly interest rate (annual interest rate divided by 12) n = Number of compounding periods (number of months until Samantha turns 60) Let's calculate the monthly savings amount: First, we need to find the number of compounding periods (months) until Samantha turns 60. Since she plans to save for the next 40 years, which is 480 months (40 years * 12 months/year), and she is currently 20 years old, we subtract 20 years (20 years * 12 months/year) from 480 months: n = 480 - (20 * 12) = 240 months Next, we calculate the monthly interest rate. The annual interest rate is 8%, so the monthly interest rate is: r = 8% / 12 = 0.08 / 12 = 0.0067 Now we can substitute the values into the formula to find the monthly savings amount: FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r $4000 = P * [(1 + 0.0067)^240 - 1] / 0.0067 To solve for P, we rearrange the formula: P = $4000 * 0.0067 / [(1 + 0.0067)^240 - 1] Calculating this expression gives us: P ≈ $4000 * 0.0067 / (1.0067^240 - 1) ≈ $267.10 Therefore, Samantha needs to save approximately $267.10 per month for the next 40 years to achieve her retirement savings goal and receive a monthly income of $4000 for the rest of her life.
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The text talks about technological knowledge this week. After reading the text, discuss an example of technological knowledge that you are aware of. This could be an employer process (or secret recipe), proprietary process or components or something else.
The text talks about technological knowledge, which refers to information relating to the design, production, and use of technological devices and systems. The author invites readers to share an example of technological knowledge that they are aware of in this context.
One example of technological knowledge that I am aware of is the design and production of electric cars. The development of electric cars is an example of technological knowledge because it involves the use of advanced technology to produce a vehicle that is powered by electricity rather than gasoline or diesel. The design of electric cars involves knowledge of electric motors, batteries, and power electronics, among other things.
The production of electric cars also requires specialized knowledge of manufacturing processes and materials that are used in their construction. Companies that produce electric cars, such as Tesla, have proprietary processes and components that give them a competitive advantage over other automakers. In addition, the use of electric cars helps to reduce carbon emissions, making them an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles.
Overall, the design and production of electric cars is an excellent example of technological knowledge because it involves a high level of specialized knowledge and advanced technology.
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A trader who is short the hedge and long the basis will benefit when....
Group of answer choices
The spot price of the underlying rises and the futures price falls.
Both the spot price of the underlying rises and the futures price rises.
Both the spot price of the underlying falls and the futures price falls.
The spot price of the underlying falls and the futures price rises.
A trader who is short the hedge and long the basis will benefit when the spot price of the underlying falls and the futures price rises. This can be explained as follows:What is a short hedge? A short hedge is a hedging strategy that involves taking a short position in the futures market.
The purpose of this hedge is to protect against a decline in the price of the underlying asset being hedged. A short hedge is often used by producers who are looking to protect against a decline in the price of the commodity they produce.What is long basis? Basis is the difference between the spot price of the underlying asset and the futures price. A long basis position involves buying the underlying asset and selling the corresponding futures contract. The purpose of this position is to profit from an increase in the basis.
What is the benefit of being short the hedge and long the basis? If a trader is short the hedge and long the basis, they will benefit if the spot price of the underlying asset falls and the futures price rises. This is because the short position in the futures market will make a profit as the futures price rises, while the long basis position will make a profit as the basis narrows. The profit from the short hedge and long basis positions will offset the loss from the decline in the spot price of the underlying asset.
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tvanhoe Ltd. has a September 30 fiscal year end and a 15% income tax rate. The fallowing information is arallyble for its 2024 year end: 1. Earned $550,200 of service reverue and incurred $459.700 of operating expenses. Interest expense was $2600. 2. On October 5,2023, paid $52,000 of dividends that had been declared an 5eptember 25,2023. 3. On September 28, 2024, declared \$41,600 of dividends payable on October 8, 2024. 4. Retalined earnings on September 30,2023 , were 5247,000 . 5. Iswed common thares for $26,000 cash on kuly 2,2024.
The net income for the year ended September 30, 2024, is $87,900, and the ending retained earnings is $241,300.
To determine the net income and retained earnings for the year ended September 30, 2024, we need to consider the given information step by step:Service Revenue: $550,200
Operating Expenses: $459,700
Interest Expense: $2,600
Net Income: Service Revenue - Operating Expenses - Interest Expense
Net Income: $550,200 - $459,700 - $2,600
Net Income: $87,900
Dividends Paid on October 5, 2023: $52,000
Dividends Declared on September 28, 2024, Payable on October 8, 2024: $41,600
Retained Earnings on September 30, 2023: $247,000
Issued Common Shares for $26,000 cash on July 2, 2024: This transaction does not directly impact net income or retained earnings.To calculate the ending retained earnings for the year ended September 30, 2024, we can use the following formula:
Ending Retained Earnings = Beginning Retained Earnings + Net Income - Dividends
Ending Retained Earnings = $247,000 + $87,900 - ($52,000 + $41,600)
Ending Retained Earnings = $241,300
Therefore, the net income for the year ended September 30, 2024, is $87,900, and the ending retained earnings is $241,300.
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Ricardo purchase a used car for $10,000. He wrote a check for $2,000 as a down payment for the car and financed the $28321 balance. The annual percentage rate (APR) is 9% compounded monthly, and the loan is to be repaid in equal monthly installments over the next four years. How much is Ricardo's monthly car payment?
The initial amount that Ricardo spent on a used car was $10,000. Ricardo wrote a check for $2,000 as a down payment for the car and financed the $28,321 balance. Let's first calculate the loan's term length.The loan's term length is 4 years, which equals 48 months since 1 year = 12 months.
We'll next find the monthly interest rate by dividing the annual percentage rate by the number of months in a year. The formula is as follows:Monthly interest rate = (Annual percentage rate/Number of months in a year)Therefore, the monthly interest rate is: 9%/12 = 0.0075We can then apply the monthly interest rate formula, which is:
Monthly payment = (Loan amount * Monthly interest rate * (1 + Monthly interest rate) ^ Number of payments) / ((1 + Monthly interest rate) ^ Number of payments - 1)Now we can plug in the values from the question.Monthly payment [tex]= (28321 * 0.0075 * (1 + 0.0075) ^ 48) / ((1 + 0.0075) ^ 48 - 1) = 683.24[/tex]Therefore, Ricardo's monthly car payment is $683.24.
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The Case for Open Heart Surgery at Cabarrus Memorial Hospital
Question 1)
What is the competitive situation among other area hospitals that could impact the decision? Would they likely offer competition or cooperation to CMH?
To assess the competitive situation among other area hospitals that could impact the decision of offering open heart surgery at Cabarrus Memorial Hospital (CMH), we need to consider the presence of other hospitals in the vicinity and their current services. Here are a few factors to consider:
1. Proximity of other hospitals: Are there other hospitals in the region that currently offer open heart surgery? If there are, their proximity to CMH and the convenience factor for patients would be significant considerations.
2. Reputation and expertise: How do the other hospitals in the area compare in terms of their reputation and expertise in performing open heart surgeries? If there are well-established hospitals with a strong track record, they may pose significant competition for CMH.
3. Patient demand and capacity: Assess the demand for open heart surgery in the area and the capacity of existing hospitals to meet that demand. If there is a high demand and existing hospitals are operating at full capacity, CMH entering the market may face less direct competition.
4. Collaborative opportunities: Consider whether there could be potential opportunities for cooperation or collaboration with other hospitals in the region. This could include sharing resources, expertise, or specialized equipment. Collaboration might be more likely if the existing hospitals are at capacity or if they see value in working together to improve healthcare services in the region.
Ultimately, the competitive situation among other area hospitals could vary depending on the specific factors mentioned above. It is essential for CMH to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the local healthcare landscape, including competitor assessments, patient demand, and potential collaboration opportunities, to make an informed decision about offering open heart surgery.
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You are the food and beverage manager on the newest cruise ship in the Mediterranean that accommodates 1,000 passengers in 700 cabins. There is a main dining room and a restaurant on board.
-The restaurant is a lunch and dinner grill eatery. It seats 250–400 people at 100 tables. The restaurant and bar open at 11:30 a.m. and closes at midnight.
-The main dining room is open for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. It seats 500 people at any one time. The main dining room opens at 6:00 a.m. and closes at 10:30 p.m.
You are creating the schedule for the servers only for the cruise ship’s day at sea in which they will serve three meals to all 1,000 passengers. Using the example from page 351 in your text, prepare a work schedule for the servers. You have a staff of 110 food and beverage service employees.
If you have any questions, please contact your instructor.
Checklist: Using the template and legend provided:
Prepare a work schedule for the servers from 6:00 a.m. until midnight for both the main dining room and the restaurant. Include a written paragraph explaining your steps in the scheduling process.
Preparation/between meal service time (setting of tables etc.) designated as: XXX
Serving the meals: YYY
Break: BBB
Bar service at restaurant only: DDD
Servers: Main Dining Room 6:00am 7:00am 8:00am 9:00am 10:00am 11:00am 12:00 PM 1:00pm 2:00pm 3:00pm 4:00pm 5:00pm 6:00pm 7:00pm 8:00pm 9:00pm 10:00-10:30pm
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Server 4
Server 5
Server 6
Server 7
Server 8
Restaurant: 11:30:am 12:30pm 1:30pm 2:30pm 3:30pm 4:30pm 5:30pm 6:30pm 7:30pm 8:30pm 9:30pm 10:30pm 11:30pm-12:00 midnight
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Server 4
Server 5
Server 6
Bar tender 1
Bartender 2
Bartender 3
LEGEND
BBB Break time
DDD Bar service at restaurant only
XXX Prep time
YYY Take orders/Serve meals
The work schedule for servers on the cruise ship's day at sea covers both the main dining room and the restaurant. The schedule includes designated time for preparation, serving meals, breaks, and bar service.
The scheduling process for the servers involved considering the capacity of each dining area, the opening and closing times, and the number of available servers. With a staff of 110 food and beverage service employees, the aim was to distribute the workload evenly while providing efficient and attentive service.
In the main dining room, the schedule begins at 6:00 a.m. to cover breakfast service. Servers rotate in shifts, ensuring that a sufficient number of servers are present during peak dining hours. This allows for smooth transitions between meal periods. The last shift ends at 10:30 p.m., aligning with the closing time of the main dining room.
For the restaurant, the schedule starts at 11:30 a.m., coinciding with its opening time for lunch service. The schedule includes designated break times for servers to rest and recharge. Additionally, three bartenders are assigned to provide bar service exclusively in the restaurant, meeting the demand for beverages throughout the day.
By utilizing the template provided, the schedule ensures adequate coverage for both dining areas, with servers assigned to take orders, serve meals, and maintain a pleasant dining experience for all 1,000 passengers.
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In 2003 the American Law Institute approved an amendment to Section 2-207of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) eliminating the test of the Select one: a. substantial performance; Battle of the Forms x b. materiality; Battle of the Forms c. substantial performance; Mirror Image Rule d. materiality; Mirror Image Rule Which of the following statements is true of the Uniform Commercial Code about acceptance by shipment? Select one: a. It specifically says that an order requesting "current" shipment of goods impliedly refuses acceptance. b. It says that a seller who ships "nonconforming goods" has accepted the contract if the seller reasonably notifies the buyer that such a shipment is intended as an "accommodation" to the buyer. c. It says that a seller who ships "nonconforming goods" has failed to breach a contract. × d. It forces the seller to give the buyer timely notice of his inability to fill an order. Which of the following statements is true of a quasi contract? Select one: a. A quasi contract is a legal fiction created by the court to avoid just enrichment. X b. A person is not held liable under quasi contract for benefits he or she received unknowingly. c. A person is held liable under quasi contract for benefits he or she reasonably believed were given as a gift. d. A quasi contract does not involve contract-like duties imposed by the court. Lorenzo offered Ida a job at his new law firm. In anticipation, Ida quit her job at Mega Firm, bought a new computer, and invested in a new set of law books. Shortly before her anticipated first day at Lorenzo's firm, Lorenzo informed Ida that he had changed his mind, and no longer wanted her to work for him. Ida may recover under the doctrine of Select one: a. unjust enrichment x b. promissory estoppel c. unilateral contract d. express contract
The amendment to Section 2-207 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) eliminated the test of materiality in the Battle of the Forms. The UCC does not specifically mention an order requesting "current" shipment of goods and its implication for acceptance.
A quasi contract is a legal fiction created by the court to avoid unjust enrichment. In the given scenario, Ida may recover under the doctrine of unjust enrichment. Amendment to Section 2-207: The amendment to Section 2-207 of the UCC eliminated the test of materiality in the Battle of the Forms. This means that the focus is no longer on the materiality of the terms in determining acceptance in contractual disputes.
Acceptance by shipment under the UCC: According to the UCC, if a seller ships "nonconforming goods" but reasonably notifies the buyer that such shipment is intended as an "accommodation," it does not constitute acceptance of the contract. The UCC does not specifically mention an order requesting "current" shipment of goods and its implication for acceptance.
Quasi contract: A quasi contract is a legal fiction created by the court to prevent unjust enrichment. It is invoked when one party receives a benefit from another party, and it would be unfair for the recipient to keep the benefit without compensating the provider. In a quasi contract, there is an implied obligation to pay for the benefit received.
Recovery under unjust enrichment: In the given scenario, Ida may be able to recover under the doctrine of unjust enrichment. She quit her job, made purchases, and invested in anticipation of the job offer from Lorenzo's firm. However, Lorenzo changed his mind, causing Ida to suffer losses. Unjust enrichment seeks to prevent one party from benefiting at the expense of another when it would be unjust or inequitable to do so.
Therefore, based on the information provided, Ida may have a claim for recovery under the doctrine of unjust enrichment.
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butrictains Who ane ther tayt adimeet? Sulsmiturese Instructions Name at least three (3) companies that show social responsibility. Research them and indicate how they are socially responsible. Who are their target audiences?
Three companies known for their social responsibility are Patagonia, Ben & Jerry's, and TOMS. These companies engage in various sustainable and ethical practices, including environmental conservation, fair trade, and community engagement. Their target audiences vary but generally include environmentally conscious consumers, socially aware individuals, and those interested in supporting ethical businesses.
Patagonia: Patagonia is a renowned outdoor clothing and gear company that emphasizes environmental sustainability. They are committed to reducing their carbon footprint, using recycled materials, and promoting fair labor practices.
Patagonia also donates a portion of their profits to environmental causes. Their target audience includes outdoor enthusiasts, environmentally conscious consumers, and those who prioritize sustainability.
Ben & Jerry's: Ben & Jerry's is an ice cream company known for its social activism and commitment to fair trade. They source their ingredients ethically, support small-scale farmers, and advocate for various social and environmental causes.
Ben & Jerry's engages in campaigns related to climate change, racial justice, and LGBTQ+ rights. Their target audience comprises socially aware individuals, ice cream lovers, and those who appreciate a company with strong values.
TOMS: TOMS is a shoe company that operates on a "One for One" model. For every pair of shoes purchased, TOMS donates a pair to someone in need. They have expanded their giving model to include eyewear and clean water initiatives.
TOMS' target audience includes socially conscious consumers, those interested in making a positive impact through their purchases, and individuals seeking stylish and comfortable footwear.
These companies demonstrate social responsibility through their sustainable practices, engagement in social issues, and commitment to giving back. Their target audiences align with individuals who share similar values and prioritize supporting businesses that have a positive impact on society and the environment.
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Consider an amortized loan of $37,000 at an interest rate of 6.9% for 5 years. How much will your annual payments be? Round to the nearest dollar Consider an amortized loan of $41,000 at an interest rate of 7.9% for 8 years. What is the total interest owed? Round to the nearest dollar.
The total interest owed for the amortized loan would be approximately $10,096.
The formula for calculating the annual payments of an amortized loan can be expressed as follows;
A = (P * r) / (1 - (1 + r) ^ (-n))
Where;
P = Principal amount, which is $37,000
r = Interest rate per period
n = Total number of payment periods
For this problem, we have;
r = 6.9% / 100 = 0.069
n = 5 years * 1 payment/year = 5 payments
A = (37,000 * 0.069) / (1 - (1 + 0.069) ^ (-5))
= 8,671.03
≈ $8,671.
Therefore, your annual payments would be approximately $8,671
Consider an amortized loan of $41,000 at an interest rate of 7.9% for 8 years. The formula for calculating the total interest of an amortized loan can be expressed as
;I = (P * r * n) - A
Where;
P = Principal amount, which is $41,000
r = Interest rate per period
n = Total number of payment periods
A = Annual payments for the loan
For this problem, we have;
r = 7.9% / 100 = 0.079
n = 8 years * 1 payment/year = 8 payments
Using the first formula above, we can calculate the annual payments, A;
A = (41,000 * 0.079) / (1 - (1 + 0.079) ^ (-8))
= 6,534.47
≈ $6,534.
Therefore, the annual payments would be approximately $6,534
Using the second formula above, we can now calculate the total interest as follows;
I = (41,000 * 0.079 * 8) - 6,534 * 8
= 10,096.32
≈ $10,096
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BUSINESS LAW 160
(1) A provision of the United States Constitution conflicts with a section of the United States Code. Which source of law takes priority over the other and why?
(2) A provision of the Florida constitution conflicts with a section of the United States Code. Which source of law takes priority over the other and why?
When a provision of the United States Constitution conflicts with a section of the United States Code, the Constitution takes priority over the Code. United States inconsistent with it is considered unconstitutional.
This principle is derived from the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution, which establishes the Constitution as the highest form of law in the country. Code, the United States Code takes priority over the Florida Constitution. This is because of the Supremacy Clause in the United States Constitution, which establishes federal law as the supreme law of the land. As a state constitution, the Florida Constitution must yield to conflicting federal law. Federal statutes, as enacted by Congress and codified in the United States Code, have precedence over state laws, including those enshrined in the Florida Constitution. Therefore, the provision in the United States Code would prevail in such a conflict.
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You manage an airline that has three flights: - Flight 1 goes from Los Angeles to San Francisco (LAX →SFO), - Flight 2 goes from Seattle to San Francisco (SEA →SFO ), and - Flight 3 goes from San Francisco to Atlanta (SFO → ATL). Each flight is capable of carrying 100 passengers. Because all three flights meet in SFO, passengers that originate in LAX or SEA can also travel to ATL, by having a connection. Thus, there are five possible routes that passengers can take. The prices that you charge for each route, as well as the number of passengers that want to travel on that route, are shown in the table below. Formulate and solve a linear program to make as much money as possible by transporting passengers, while obeying the capacity constraints of the planes (do not worry about fractional solutions).
To maximize revenue while considering capacity constraints, formulate and solve a linear program with decision variables representing passenger counts on each route and an objective function maximizing revenue.
To formulate and solve the linear program for maximizing revenue while considering capacity constraints, we'll use the given table of prices and passenger demands for each route.
Let's define the decision variables:
x1: Number of passengers traveling from LAX to ATL
x2: Number of passengers traveling from SEA to ATL
x3: Number of passengers traveling from LAX to SFO
x4: Number of passengers traveling from SEA to SFO
x5: Number of passengers traveling from SFO to ATL
Objective function:
Maximize revenue:
Revenue = (Price LAX→ATL * x1) + (Price SEA→ATL * x2) + (Price LAX→SFO * x3) + (Price SEA→SFO * x4) + (Price SFO→ATL * x5)
Subject to the following constraints:
1. Capacity constraints for each flight:
x1 + x3 ≤ 100 (Flight 1: LAX→SFO)
x2 + x4 ≤ 100 (Flight 2: SEA→SFO)
x5 ≤ 100 (Flight 3: SFO→ATL)
2. Non-negativity constraints:
x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 ≥ 0
With the objective function and constraints defined, we can solve this linear program using a solver or by applying graphical or algebraic methods to obtain integer values for the decision variables that maximize the revenue.
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A company has a central document copying service. With the present copy machines, the average time for making copies is 3 minutes. A new machine reduces the copy time to 2 minutes on average. The new machine would cost 10$ per hour to rent more than the present machine. The average wage of the company employees that make copies is 7.5$ an hour. Is the new machine worth the 10$ more rent? To answer this question, answer the following questions: a.) What do you need to estimate in order to answer this question? b.) The demand for the copy services is: 15 employees seek to make copies per hour. The employees come to the copy machine with a negative exponential probability. The time it takes to copy is also negative exponentially distributed. What is the average time the employees spend presently at the copy machine including waiting time (hint: the formula for the average time is W=1/ (capacity per hour demand per hour). c.) What is the average time employees would spend at the copy service including waiting with the new machine? d) That is the labor cost the company would save with the time reduction per employee? e) How many employees want to make copies in an hour and what is the total labor cost saving? f) Does the cost savings justify the additional rent for the new machine?
Based on the labor cost savings and increased efficiency resulting from reduced copy time, it is worth it to rent the new machine despite the additional cost of $10 per hour.
a) We need to estimate the average time employees spend at the copy machine including waiting time for both the present machine and the new machine, as well as the labor cost savings with the time reduction per employee.
b) To calculate the average time employees spend presently at the copy machine including waiting time, we can use the formula W = 1 / (capacity per hour - demand per hour). In this case, the demand for copy services is 15 employees seeking to make copies per hour, and the time it takes to copy is negative exponentially distributed.
c) To calculate the average time employees would spend at the copy service including waiting with the new machine, we need to consider the reduced copy time of 2 minutes on average.
d) The labor cost savings per employee can be determined by calculating the difference between the average time spent at the copy service with the present machine and the average time spent with the new machine, and then multiplying it by the average wage of $7.5 per hour.
e) We need to determine the number of employees who want to make copies in an hour and then calculate the total labor cost saving by multiplying it with the labor cost savings per employee.
f) To determine if the cost savings justify the additional rent for the new machine, we need to compare the total labor cost saving with the extra cost of $10 per hour for renting the new machine. If the cost savings outweigh the additional rent, then the new machine would be worth it.
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Sarita works for a busy bakery in downtown Manhattan. She noticed this morning that her large batch of bagels did not rise properly during the time that they were in the oven the way they usually do. With very little time before the shop opens for the morning rush, she decides to study this situation with the statistical process control, or SPC, approach. Which of the following should she do in this particular situation? She should try to avoid this from recurring if it was from an assignable cause and possibly utilize a different recipe that is more robust. She should monitor her process to see whether this variation is aligned to the usual pattern or if an assignable cause occurred. If she determines that this is a result of an assignable cause, she should investigate the root cause of the variation. She should measure the capability of the process in making defects. Based on the information we have so far, Sarita should do all of the above.
Sarita should monitor her process to see whether this variation is aligned to the usual pattern or if an assignable cause occurred. If she determines that this is a result of an assignable cause, she should investigate the root cause of the variation.
She should try to avoid this from recurring if it was from an assignable cause and possibly utilize a different recipe that is more robust. Additionally, she should measure the capability of the process in making defects. By following the statistical process control (SPC) approach, Sarita can analyze the variation in her bagel production and take appropriate actions to address any issues. Monitoring the process and identifying assignable causes will help her understand why the bagels didn't rise properly. Investigating the root cause will allow her to make necessary adjustments and prevent future occurrences. Trying a different recipe can ensure a more reliable and consistent outcome. Finally, measuring the capability of the process will provide insights into its overall performance and help Sarita identify areas for improvement.
Sarita should monitor her process to see whether this variation is aligned to the usual pattern or if an assignable cause occurred. If she determines that this is a result of an assignable cause, she should investigate the root cause of the variation.
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a. Manufacturing – operation type (in-house, OEM, or Mixed),
operation location (domestic, international, or mixed),
number of manufacturing operations, etc.
b. Retailers – number of retailers, transaction method (cash,
credit, mixed, etc.), operation location (regional or nationwide and eCommerce or traditional), operation volume (small/large), etc.
c. Wholesalers – number of wholesalers, transaction method (cash, credit, mixed, etc.), operation location (regional or nationwide and eCommerce or traditional), operation volume (small, large, or mixed), etc.
d. Franchising – number of franchisees, transaction method (cash, credit, mixed, etc.), operation location (regional or nationwide and eCommerce or traditional), operation volume (small, large, or mixed), etc.
e. Agents/brokers/dealership or Direct selling – number of labors, hiring types (full- or part-time and mixed, and in- house or outsourcing), transaction method (cash, credit, mixed, etc.), operation location (regional, nationwide, or eCommerce), operation volume (small, large, or mixed), etc.
The options provided describe various aspects of different types of business operations, including manufacturing, retailers, wholesalers, franchising, and agents/brokers/dealership or direct selling. These aspects encompass factors such as operation type, location, transaction methods, operation volume, and more.
Each business type has its own unique characteristics and considerations. In manufacturing, the operation type can vary between in-house production or outsourcing to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), or a combination of both.
The operation location may be domestic or international, or a mix of both. The number of manufacturing operations can also vary depending on the scale and complexity of the business.
For retailers, factors like the number of retailers, transaction methods (cash, credit, mixed), operation location (regional or nationwide), and operation volume (small or large) are important considerations. Retailers may also have both eCommerce and traditional brick-and-mortar operations, further influencing their business dynamics.
Wholesalers, similar to retailers, deal with factors such as the number of wholesalers, transaction methods, operation location, and operation volume. They play a crucial role in the distribution network, often supplying goods to retailers.
Franchising involves the number of franchisees, transaction methods, operation location (regional or nationwide), and operation volume. Franchisees operate under a parent company's brand and business model, benefiting from established systems and support.
Agents/brokers/dealerships or direct selling businesses may consider factors such as the number of employees, hiring types (full-time, part-time, or mixed), transaction methods, operation location (regional, nationwide, or eCommerce), and operation volume.
Overall, these factors provide an overview of the different aspects and considerations involved in each type of business operation, highlighting the diverse nature of the business landscape.
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A Monopoly Has Long Run Total Cost Given By: TC = 88 + 4*Q + 0.3*, Where Q Represents The Units Of Output. • The Market Demand Is Given By: P = 207 - 1.9Q. • The Monopolist's Marginal Revenue And Marginal Cost Functions Are: MR(Q) = 207 - 2*1.9*Q = 207 - 3.8*Q And MC(Q) = 4 + 2*0.3*Q = 4 + 0.6*Q . • The Profit-Maximizing Level Of Output For This
• A monopoly has long run total cost given by: TC = 88 + 4*Q + 0.3*Q2, where Q represents the units of output. • The market demand is given by: P = 207 - 1.9Q. • The monopolist's marginal revenue and marginal cost functions are: MR(Q) = 207 - 2*1.9*Q = 207 - 3.8*Q and MC(Q) = 4 + 2*0.3*Q = 4 + 0.6*Q . • The profit-maximizing level of output for this monopolist is QM = 46.14, the monopolist's price is PM = $119.33, and the monopolist earns profit of $4594.7. • Consumer surplus under monopoly is CSM = $2022.5. (a) What is producer surplus under monopoly? PSM = (Round to one decimal place.) (b) What is the total welfare for this market under monopoly? TWM = (Round to one decimal place.
The producer surplus under monopoly is approximately $4528.39. The total welfare for the market under monopoly is approximately $6550.89.
Under monopoly, the producer surplus can be calculated by subtracting the total variable cost from the total revenue. The total welfare for the market under monopoly is the sum of producer surplus and consumer surplus.
Given the information provided, the producer surplus (PSM) is yet to be determined, and the total welfare (TWM) is also unknown.
To calculate the producer surplus (PSM), we need to subtract the total variable cost (TVC) from the total revenue (TR) at the profit-maximizing level of output (QM).
Total variable cost (TVC) is given by:
TVC = MC(QM) * QM = (4 + 0.6*QM) * QM = (4 + 0.6*46.14) * 46.14 ≈ $968.49
Total revenue (TR) is given by:
TR = P(QM) * QM = (207 - 1.9*QM) * QM = (207 - 1.9*46.14) * 46.14 ≈ $5496.88
Producer surplus (PSM) is calculated as:
PSM = TR - TVC = $5496.88 - $968.49 ≈ $4528.39
Therefore, the producer surplus under monopoly is approximately $4528.39.
To calculate the total welfare for the market under monopoly (TWM), we sum the producer surplus (PSM) and consumer surplus (CSM).
Given that the consumer surplus under monopoly (CSM) is $2022.5, we can calculate the total welfare as:
TWM = PSM + CSM = $4528.39 + $2022.5 ≈ $6550.89
Therefore, the total welfare for the market under monopoly is approximately $6550.89.
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A gift that a producer offers a customer in return for
buying its product is which sales promotions method?
a.
Rebate
b.
Coupon
c.
Sample
d.
Premium
d. Premium. A gift that a producer offers a customer in return for buying its product is considered a sales promotion method known as a premium.
A premium is an extra item, often of value or interest, given as an incentive to encourage customers to make a purchase. It is typically offered alongside the main product as a way to add perceived value and attract customers.
Rebates, coupons, and samples are also commonly used sales promotion methods, but they have different characteristics:
a. Rebate: A rebate is a partial refund or cashback offered to customers after they have made a purchase. It involves the customer submitting proof of purchase to receive a refund on a portion of the product's price.
b. Coupon: A coupon is a voucher or document that entitles the customer to a discount or special offer on a specific product. Coupons are often distributed through various channels, such as newspapers, magazines, online platforms, or directly by the producer.
c. Sample: A sample is a small portion or trial version of a product that is given to customers for free. Samples allow customers to try the product before making a purchase decision and can help generate interest and awareness.
In the context of the given options, the correct answer is d. Premium, as it specifically refers to a gift offered as an incentive for purchasing a product.
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If manufacturing overhead is overapplied: The year-end adjusting journal entry will include a debit to cost of goods sold The year-end adjusting journal entry will include a credit to Manufacturing Overhead The year-end adjusting journal entry will include a credit to cost of goods sold The unadjusted balance in Manufacturing Overhead is a debit.
If manufacturing overhead is overapplied, the year-end adjusting journal entry will include a credit to Manufacturing Overhead.
When manufacturing overhead is overapplied, it means that the actual overhead expenses incurred are less than the amount allocated or applied to production. To adjust for this overapplication, a credit entry is made to the Manufacturing Overhead account. This reduces the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account, bringing it closer to the actual overhead expenses. By making this adjustment, the overapplied amount is corrected, and the financial statements reflect the accurate manufacturing costs.
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(0)
Martian Airways Inc. has a 12% required rate of return. It does not expect to initiate dividends for 15 years, at which time it will pay $2.00 per share in dividends. At that time, Martian Airways expects its dividends to grow at 7% forever. What is an estimate of Martian Airways' price in 15 years (P15) if its dividend at the end of year 15 is $2.00?
Select one:
a. $33.40
b. $31.20
c. $30.00
d. $42.80
The given options do not include $40.00 as a choice. However, the closest option to $40.00 is option (d) $42.80.
To estimate the price of Martian Airways Inc. in 15 years (P15), we can use the dividend discount model (DDM). The DDM formula is P = D / (r - g), where P is the price, D is the dividend, r is the required rate of return, and g is the growth rate of dividends.
In this case, the dividend at the end of year 15 is $2.00, the required rate of return is 12%, and the growth rate of dividends is 7%. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
P15 = $2.00 / (0.12 - 0.07) = $2.00 / 0.05 = $40.00
Therefore, an estimate of Martian Airways' price in 15 years (P15) is $40.00.
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Elizabeth made taxable gifts of $3,000,000 in 2019 and $14,000,000 in 2021 . She paid no gift tax on the 2019 transfer. On what amount is the Federal gift tax computed for the 2021 gift?
The Federal gift tax is computed on $11,500,000 for the 2021 gift.
Gift tax is a tax paid on the transfer of property by one person to another while receiving nothing, or less than full value, in return.
Elizabeth has made a taxable gift of $14,000,000 in 2021 and paid no gift tax on the 2019 transfer.
The Federal gift tax applies to the transfer of property in the form of money, stocks, real estate, or other assets. When Elizabeth makes a gift exceeding the amount of the exclusion for the calendar year, she must file a Form 709 to report the gift.
Every individual has an estate tax exemption of $11,700,000 in 2021. The federal gift tax exclusion limit in 2021 is $15,000 per recipient per year.
Thus, Elizabeth will pay tax only on the amount exceeding $15,000 per recipient per year.
In this case, we can say that,
the federal gift tax is computed on $11,500,000 for the 2021 gift ($14,000,000 – $2,500,000).
She will pay the gift tax on the amount that exceeds the $11.7 million exemption.
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Suppose the geometric mean for Japanese Government Bond monthly return in a year is \( 1.75 \% \) and arithmetic mean is \( 2 \% \). Suppose the Emerging market equity is twice as volatile as the J
"
The arithmetic mean of the Emerging market equity monthly return in a year is approximately 1.96%.
To find the arithmetic mean of the Emerging market equity monthly return in a year, we can use the relationship between the geometric mean and the arithmetic mean for returns.
Since the geometric mean for Japanese Government Bond monthly return in a year is 1.75%, we know that the average return over the year, compounded monthly, is 1.75%.
Given that the Emerging market equity is twice as volatile as the Japanese bond, we can calculate its average return using the formula:
Arithmetic Mean = Geometric Mean / (1 + Variance / 2)
First, we need to find the variance of the Emerging market equity. Since it is twice as volatile, the variance is four times that of the Japanese bond. So, the variance of the Emerging market equity is (2^2) * (Variance of Japanese bond).
Using the given geometric mean of the Emerging market equity as 2% in a year, we substitute the values into the formula:
Arithmetic Mean = 0.02 / (1 + [(2^2) * (Variance of Japanese bond)] / 2)
Now, we substitute the given arithmetic mean of the Japanese bond (2%) into the formula:
Arithmetic Mean = 0.02 / (1 + [(2^2) * (0.02)] / 2)Simplifying the expression:
Arithmetic Mean = 0.02 / (1 + 0.04 / 2)
Arithmetic Mean = 0.02 / (1 + 0.02)
Arithmetic Mean = 0.02 / 1.02
Arithmetic Mean ≈ 0.0196 or 1.96%
Therefore, the arithmetic mean of the Emerging market equity monthly return in a year is approximately 1.96%.
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2. Suppose the geometric mean for Japanese Government Bond monthly return in a year is 1.75% and arithmetic mean is 2%. Suppose the Emerging market equity is twice as volatile as the Japanese bond in the same period. a. If the geometric mean for emerging market equity monthly return is 2% in a year, what's the arithmetic mean of the Emerging market equity monthly return in a year?
