Natural selection affects various features in nature in three ways: stabilizing, directing, and disrupting.
Which 3 elements lead to natural selection?Three tenets underlie natural selection: most traits are inherited (heritance), there are more births than there are places for them to go (competition), and those that possess more desirable traits will endure and procreate in greater numbers (variation).
Choose three answers for "What are the three types of natural selection?"Three different kinds of natural selection exist: directional selection, stabilizing selection, and disruptive selection. Additionally, they represent adaptive evolution. The process by which evolution rewards organisms that are more adapted to their environments is known as natural selection.
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which statement best describes a polygenic trait
Multiple genes and the environment work together to control a polygenic trait.
On polygenic traits: What Is It?
Polygenic traits A polygene is a group of non-allelic genes that regulate a trait. A polygenic trait is one whose phenotype is influenced by more than one gene. The word "poly" implies "many."
What kind of attribute is a polygenic trait, exactly?Examples of polygenic traits include human height, eye, and hair color. For humans and many other animals, skin color is yet another polygenic feature. those qualities that are governed by multiple genes. Even genes on completely separate chromosomes may be responsible for controlling these features.
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What type of evolution is cichlid fishes?; What adaptations do cichlids have?; What are the 2 main groups of cichlids?; Where are cichlid fish found?
Cichlids, mainly freshwater fishes, are found in tropical America, Africa, Madagascar, and southern Asia. Large African lakes are home to the bulk of species.
Cichlids have relatively deep bodies and only one nostril instead of the usual two on each side of the head. A fractured lateral line and three or more spines are present. Despite being huge for tank fishes, they rarely grow longer than 30 cm and frequently have rounded tails (12 inches). Numerous species have elongated pelvic fins and pointed dorsal fins on their backs. One of the more well-known aquarium cichlids is the firemouth (Cichlasoma meeki), a fish with bright red on its throat and in its mouth.
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thin contractile protein involved in cross-bridge formation, comes in filamentous or globular forms. t/f
Thin contractile protein that are involved in the formation of crosslinks and exist in fibrous or globular form is actin.
What is the function of actin and its location?Actin is a highly abundant intracellular protein present in all eukaryotic cells and plays an important role in muscle contraction and cell movement. Actin also participate in maintaining and controlling cell shape and structure.
Actin is found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Its position is regulated by a cell membrane signaling pathway that integrates stimuli received by the cell and stimulates reorganization of the actin network in response.
What two proteins are contained in actin?Increased Ca2+ concentrations signal muscle contraction through the action of two accessory proteins bound to actin filaments: Tropomyosin and Troponin. Tropomyosin is a filamentous protein that binds longitudinally along the grooves of actin filaments.
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Which teeth do you use for piercing and tearing write the number of these teeth
Answer:
Canines Your four canines
Explanation:
Canines Your four canines (fangs) are the next type of teeth to develop. These are your sharpest teeth and are used for ripping and tearing food apart.
In a certain population, D is a dominant, wild-type allele of a gene encoding a protein important for cell division, and d is a recessive, loss- of-function allele of that gene. The allele frequencies for this gene in this popoulation are D = .7, d = .3 If mutation is the only force acting on this population from generation to generation, what do you predict will happen to allele frequencies over successive generations? The frequency of the D allele will increase The frequency of the d allele will increase Allele frequencies will remain constant
Over several generations, the D allele's frequency will increase.
An allele, or DNA variant, that is more common than 1% in a group and determines the phenotype that is most frequently seen there. A superscript "plus" sign (+) is frequently used to identify wild-type alleles from mutant alleles. In the circumstances of haploinsufficiency, over-expression, misexpression, and creation of an unsuitable (toxic) product, mutant alleles can be dominant to wild type alleles. A protein produced by the KRAS gene participates in cell signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, cell maturation, and cell death. Wild-type alleles are denoted by a superscript "+," for as w+ for red eyes and vg+ for full-size wings.
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What is a species?
A. a group of organisms in a particular habitat
B. all the organisms in one environment
C. a population whose members can interbreed
and produce viable, fertile offspring this is the answer
D. a group of organisms that has a similar
feature dating back to a common ancestor
A species is a group of organisms that has a similar feature dating back to a common ancestor. Thus, option D is correct.
What is biological species concept?The biological species concept is the most commonly used and acceptable definition of species, which explains that a group of organisms can be referred to a species if members of the group can interbreed successfully to produce viable offspring that are also fertile.
It explains that there tend to be reproduction barriers that would prevent different species of organism from successfully interbreeding. Also, that two organisms have the same appearance, do not necessarily mean they belong to the same species.
Therefore, A species is a group of organisms that has a similar feature dating back to a common ancestor. Thus, option D is correct.
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What is the false belief that there is a relationship between physical traits and certain behavioral traits such as intelligence and morality?a. Biological determinismb. Monogenismc. Homeostasisd. Polygenisme. Eugenics
The fallacious notion that there is a connection between certain behavioral attributes, such as intelligence and morality and physical characteristics is known as biological determinism.
The biological determinism theory holds that the majority of physical and mental traits of an individual are predetermined at conception by hereditary variables that are passed from parent to child.
The notion that all human behavior is intrinsic and predetermined by DNA is known as biological determinism. Evidence for biological determinism can be found in studies of the human genome. For instance, studies have discovered that the gene IGF2r may play a role in intellect.
According to the biological determinism theory, most decisions people make are influenced by their parents' genetic composition. It is also known as biologism, bio-determinism, and genetic determinism.
Option A is the right response, so that is what it is.
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after dideoxy dna sequencing, you find the sequence of your unknown dna sample (template in the reaction) by: a. reading the results on the gel directly from top to bottom (5' -> 3') b. reading the results on the gel directly from bottom to top (5' -> 3') c. taking the reverse complement of the sequence on the gel d. none of the options listed here
Correct answer is option a.After dideoxy DNAsequencing, the sequence of your unknown dna sample (template in the reaction) byreading the results on the gel directly from top to bottom (5' -> 3').
DNA sequencing refers to general laboratory techniques for determining the exact sequence of nucleotides or bases in a DNA molecule. Sequences of bases (often referred to by the first letter of their chemical names: A, T, C, and G) encode biological information that cells use for growth and operation.WebDNA sequence shown on the electropherogram of the readout gone i.e. generated by the laser scanner. This method is known as the dideoxy chain termination method. The sequencing method is based on the use of chain terminators, dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs).
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What are the 4 main jobs of proteins?; Which is not a function of protein?; What are the 3 main jobs of proteins?; What are the 5 functions of proteins?
The major roles of proteins include giving the body structure, controlling bodily functions, moving things about, maintaining fluid balance, assisting with immunity, and supplying energy. In cells, proteins perform a variety of tasks.
They function as enzymes that promote structural integrity, control how substances flow through cell membranes, ward off sickness, and organize cell signaling pathways. Proteins do not, however, offer energy for metabolism. The major roles of proteins include giving the body structure, controlling bodily functions, moving things about, maintaining fluid balance, assisting with immunity, and supplying energy.
Proteins' primary roles include providing structure. Structural proteins are a particular class of protein that give cells their shape and sustain important structures like hair, skin, and bones. Control bodily functions. Numerous bodily activities are controlled by proteins. Materials for transport. Large, intricate molecules known as proteins play a variety of vital functions in the body. They are crucial for the structure, operation, and control of the body's tissues and organs and carry out the majority of their job inside cells.
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when the cells of the blastocyst divide into two groups about 15 days after conception one group includes___ and the other group forms an
About 15 days following conception, the cells of a blastocyst split into two groups, one of which contains the early embryonic cells while the other which creates an environment that will protect & nourish the embryo.
It splits into two cells after around 30 hours. The two embryonic cells split into four after around 15 hours. And after three days, this fertilized egg cell had developed into a 16-cell berry-like structure. The Latin word for mulberry, morula, is used to describe this building. The zygote grows by mitosis, and once it has condensed into an 8–16 cell ball, it is known as that of the morula. A ball of cells known as a blastocyst develops in the first five to six days of pregnancy, shortly after one sperm fertilizes an egg. It embeds itself in the uterine wall, developing into an embryo and subsequently a fetus.
(When the cells of the blastocyst divide into two groups, about 15 days after conception, one group includes _____ and the other group forms an environment to protect and nourish the embryo.)
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Imagine you are trying to explain the process of protein sorting to your friend who is also taking LS7A. You show them the figure to the right. Provide an explanation for what this figure represents. Be sure to define the term signal peptide and any other terms in the diagram you think your friend would not already know.
When proteins are translated sometimes they have a signal peptide sequence to mark them for a certain place to go.
For example, when there is no signal peptide then the cell knows to send that protein to the cytosol when there is a signal peptide on the amino acid end of the polypeptide then the signal is read by the receptor and the protein is taken to a place like the mitochondria or ER or internal signal then cell knows that protein goes to the nucleus.
A diagram is a visual element that is not a table. Line charts pie charts photos sketches schematics and all kinds of illustrations. In technical writing, it is used to represent data, not both tables or diagrams. Tables and figures are intended to help the reader understand without referring to the text.
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Order the following choices to reflect the stages of phagocytosis, from the first step to the last step Formation of phagolysosome Formation of phagosome Chemotaxis Killing and digestion of microbe Exocytosis of debris
The four basic stages of phagocytosis are I target particle recognition (ii) signaling to start the internalization process (iii), phagosome formation (iii), and (iv) phagolysosome maturation.
Which five phases of phagocytosis are there? Phagocytosis is a multi-step process that includes the following steps: particle recognition, particle ingestion, early phagosome formation, late phagosome formation, and phagolysosome formation.Four key processes may be identified in phagocytosis: I target particle detection; (ii) signaling to engage the internalization apparatus; (iii) phagosome formation; and (iv) phagolysosome maturation.The pattern-recognition receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) directly (PRRs).Since late phagosomes and lysosomes must migrate in the direction of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in order to fuse, phagolysosomes are produced as a result Model of phagolysosome development.To learn more about phagocytosis refer
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A population of 1,000 birds exists on a small Pacific island. some of the birds are yellow, a characteristic determined by a recessive allele. The others are Green, characteristic determined by a dominant allele. A hurricane on the island kills most of the birds from this population. Only ten remain, and those birds all have yellow feathers. Which of the following statements is true? a. The hurricane has caused a population bottleneck and a loss of genetic diversity. b. This situation illustrates the effect of a mutation event. c. Assuming that no new birds come to the island and no mutations occur, future generations of this population will contain both green and yellow birds. d. There has been no change in allele frequency.
a. The hurricane has caused a population bottleneck and a loss of genetic diversity.
Dominant traits are always expressed when the connected allele is dominant, even if only one copy of the dominant trait exists. Recessive traits are expressed only if both the connected alleles are recessive. If one of the alleles is dominant, then the associated characteristic is less likely to manifest.Dominant alleles show their effect even if the individual only has one copy of the allele (also known as being heterozygous?). For example, the allele for brown eyes is dominant, therefore you only need one copy of the 'brown eye' allele to have brown eyes (although, with two copies you will still have brown eyes).Individuals inherit two versions of each gene, known as alleles, from each parent. In the case of a recessive trait, the alleles of the trait-causing gene are the same, and both (recessive) alleles must be present to express the trait. A recessive allele does not produce a trait at all when only one copy is present.
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Is this hypothesis supported? Why or why not? The hypothesis is NOT supported. The egg in the corn syrup lost weight (water) over time, indicating that com syrup is hypertonic to the egg
The hypothesis is NOT supported. The egg in the deionized water lost weight (water) over time, indicating that deionized water is hypertonic to the egg. The hypothesis is supported. Both eggs gained weight (water) over time, indicating that both solutions are hypotonic to the egg. You cannot tell from the data provided whether the hypothesis is supported or not
The premise cannot be proven. Corn syrup is hypotonic solution to the egg, as evidenced by the fact that embryo in the corn syrup gradually lost weight (water).
What is an example of a hypothesis?Example: Hypothesis The amount of happiness increases with daily sun exposure. The assumed cause in this example and the predictor variables is sun exposure. The assumed impact, or dependent variable, is the degree of happiness.
Why is it called hypothesis?Hypothesis originally refers to a synopsis of a classical drama's storyline. The word "hypothesis" is English is derived from the ancient Greek word "hypothesis," which means "putting or setting beneath" in its literal or etymological sense. In more modern usage, the word also means "supposition."
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Listed in the Item Bank are key terms and expressions, each of which is associated with one of the columns. Some terms may display additional information when you click on them. Drag and drop each item into the correct column. Order does not matter.
A ray of light reverses direction upon reflection. Refraction happens where two mediums with differing characteristics meet. Diffraction has to do with how waves spread out.
What is display ray?A ray of light changes direction when it reflects. Mirror reflection is a common phenomenon. Microscopes operate on the idea of light reflection.
A wave extending out as it leaves an aperture is referred to as diffraction. A boisterous teacher can be heard even with the door barely cracked thanks to diffraction. The diffraction principle underlies how X-rays work.
Refraction is the shift in a wave's direction when it travels between two separate media with distinct properties. The reason straw appears broken in water is due of refraction. Snell's law states that the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction are equal.
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The retinoblastoma (RB) protein serves as the guardian of the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint by inhibiting which molecule from activating transcription of genes necessary for DNA replication?
A. telomerase
B. E2F
C. reverse transcriptase
D. MAP kinase
B. E2F
The E2F molecule is prevented from triggering the transcription of the genes required for DNA replication by the retinoblastoma (RB) protein, which acts as the guardian of the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint.
A key player in the inhibition of the cell cycle and the development of tumors is the tumor suppressor protein Rb. It has been established that the Rb protein (pRb) is in charge of a crucial G1 checkpoint that prevents cell development and entry into the S phase. At the promoters of genes necessary for the advancement of the S phase and cell proliferation, RB binds to members of the E2F family. The G1/S cell cycle is halted by the binding of RB to E2F proteins, which either prevents the recruitment of transcriptional co-activators or attracts transcriptional co-repressors to these promoters.
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Why are larger populations generally more stable than smaller populations?; Which is better high genetic diversity or low genetic diversity Why?; Why do populations benefit from higher genetic diversity?; Why is a genetically diverse population more likely to survive?
Larger populations are generally more stable than smaller populations because larger populations are expected to have more genetic diversity and therefore more capacity to adjust to environmental changes through natural selection.
The potential to be resilient to future climate change increases with genetic variation. High genetic diversity is better because it is possible for organisms to adapt to changing environmental conditions and prevent inbreeding. When there are limited, isolated populations, inbreeding takes place, which might make a species less able to endure and procreate. The ability of populations to adapt to changing circumstances is facilitated by genetic variety. More variation increases the likelihood that certain members of a group will have allele variants that are appropriate for the environment. Populations benefit from higher genetic diversity because it improves a species' and population's resistance to maladies, pests, climatic changes, and other pressures. A genetically diverse population is more likely to survive because its ability to adapt and evolve is supported by gene variants. They have a higher chance of surviving and passing that allele on to their progeny.
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In negative inducible control, the transcription factor is a(n) ___________. Binding of the signal molecule to the transcription factor causes transcription to _________.
In negative inducible control, the transcription factor is a repressor. The binding of the signal molecule to the transcription factor causes transcription to start.
The promoter, which controls the expression of the lac operon, is controlled by two different proteins. The capacity of RNA polymerase to connect to the promoter is improved by one of the proteins, whereas the other protein prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing (negative control) (positive control).
To regulate the transcription of genes, proteins known as transcription factors bind to certain DNA sequences. Transcription factor binding sites are the brief segments of DNA (5–20 bp) to which one or more transcription factors exclusively bind. In prokaryotes, the bulk of regulatory proteins is antagonistic, which turns off genes. The cells here rely on a procedure known as protein-small molecule binding, in which a ligand or small molecule conveys data about the state of the cell and whether or not gene expression is active.
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Which has a cell wall and no nucleus or membrane bound organelles in which Kingdom should this organism be classified?; Which kingdom have cell wall and a nucleus without a membrane around it?
Answer: Monera (includes Eubacteria and Archeobacteria)Individuals are single-celled, may or may not move, have a cell wall, have no chloroplasts or other organelles, and have no nucleus. Monera are usually very tiny, although one type, namely the blue-green bacteria, look like algae.
Mutations in DNA are usually caused by chemical or radiation damage to DNA molecules, followed by imperfect repair of the damage. Immediately after this kind of imperfect repair, there may be a mismatched base pair in the DNA. The illustration above show and example of a mismatch, with the relevant pair bases in bold. Which of the following best represents the DNA of the two daughter cells produced when a bacterial cell with this particular mismatch replicates its DNA and divides?
The DNA of the two daughter cells created when a bacterial cell with this specific mismatch duplicates its DNA and splits is most accurately represented by the phrase "mutant in one but not the other."
Chemical damage (particles that can modify the structure of DNA or the base pair bonding) and radiation damage (UV radiation is known to create mutations known as thymine dimers) are two different ways that DNA can become genetically altered. Two thymine molecules on the same strand link together to cause these mutations, which change the structure of the DNA molecule. T=T can also be used to represent this.
Thus, we can state that the phrase "mutant in one but not the other" most appropriately describes the DNA of the two daughter cells produced when a bacterial cell with this particular mismatch copies its DNA and splits.
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label the 5' and 3' ends of the template and primer strands in this image, from left to right in the image.
The correct option is template from 3' to 5' direction and primer from 5' to 3' direction.
The template strand is read from 3' to 5' direction. This is due to the reason that RNA primase that synthesized short strands of RNA from the template works only in one direction, which 5' to 3'. Owing to this, primer strand will be 5' to 3' and template will be from 3' to 5'.
DNA synthesis is bidirectional due to antiparallel nature of DNA. The opposite strands lead to synthesis in their respective 5' to 3' direction. DNA primase, helicase, topoisomerase, ligase and DNA polymerase are significant enzymes responsible for DNA replication.
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The complete question is attached in figure.
a short homozygous pea plant (tt) is crossed with a tall heterozygous pea plant (tt). what is the probability that the offspring will be tall? (fill out the punnett square in order to determine the probability)
If a short homozygous pea plant (tt) is crossed with a tall heterozygous pea plant (Tt), then the probability that the offspring will be tall is calculated to be 50%.
Since a short homozygous pea plant is crossed with a tall heterozygous pea plant therefore the Punnett square to determine the probability can be given as follows;
t t
T Tt Tt
t tt tt
Therefore according to this Punnett square 2 out of 4 pea plants will be tall. Now the probability that the offspring will be tall can be calculated as follows;
probability = 2 / 4 × 100
probability = 0.5 × 100
probability = 50%
Therefore the probability that the offspring will be tall is 50% and the probability that the offspring will be short is also 50%.
Although a part of your question is incorrect, you might be referring to this question:
A short homozygous pea plant (tt) is crossed with a tall heterozygous pea plant (Tt). What is the probability that the offspring will be tall? (fill out the Punnett square in order to determine the probability)
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During a natural disaster, part of a plant was damaged. If the plant can no longer grow and produce new root cells, which part of the plant likely suffered damage?
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Root cap
D) Apical meristem
*C is not the correct answer
Answer:
D. Apical Meristem
Explanation:
Apical Meristem: region of cells capable of division and growth in the root and shoot tips in plants.
Place the following labels in the proper position to designate what effect each condition would have on membrane physiology
The arrangement of the placement are:
makes RMP less negative
- ATP stores are declining through mitochondrial poison (arsenic)
- decreased concentration of leaky potassium channels in the membrane
- increased concentration of leaky sodium channels in the membrane
influence the ability of the cell to repolarize
- acetylcholine esterase concentration is decreased
- voltage-regulated potassium channels are blocked
influences the ability of the cell to depolarize
- the size the synaptic cleft is increased
- neurotransmitter synthesis is compromised due to Golgi dysfunction in the pre-synaptic neuron
- release of excitatory neurotransmitter input is blocked
- hypothermia (low ECF sodium)
- hyperhydration (high water concentration in ECF)
What is the cell membrane structure?The cell membrane is a highly flexible structure made mostly of two layers of phospholipids, or "bilayers," back to back. The membrane contains several proteins that serve a number of purposes, along with cholesterol, which adds to the fluidity of the membrane.
Therefore, in the membrane, the phospholipid molecule is made up of a hydrophilic polar phosphate "head" and a hydrophobic non-polar lipid "tail." among others,
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Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?
a. receiving electrons from the photosystem II electron transport chain
b. generation of molecular oxygen
c. extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water
d. passing electrons to the cytochrome complex
A
Photosystem I directly receives electrons from the photosystem II electron transport chain.
An important membrane protein complex called photosystem I uses light energy to catalyze the movement of electrons from plastocyanin to ferredoxin across the thylakoid membrane. The moderate-energy hydrogen carrier NADPH is ultimately created using photosystem I transfer electrons. Each photosystem is made up of two interconnected parts: the antenna complex, which is composed of a large number of pigment molecules and collects photons, and the reaction center, which is made up of Chlorophyll a molecules embedded in a protein matrix. Plastocyanin (a peripheral membrane protein) transports electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I, where the absorption of additional photons again generates high-energy electrons.
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The sausage from Paul's breakfast would mostly contain ______ that may negatively impact his blood cholesterol (lipoprotein) levels.
The sausage from Paul's breakfast would mostly contain saturated fats that may negatively impact his blood cholesterol (lipoprotein) levels.
Dietary fats include saturated fat. Along with trans fat, it is one of the harmful fats. Most of the time, these fats are solid at room temperature. High quantities of saturated fat are found in foods like butter, cheese, red meat, palm and coconut oils, and butter.
The consumption of excessive amounts of saturated fat can cause heart disease and other health issues.
Generally saturated fats do not have any double or triple binds in carbon atoms of fatty chains.
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predict how the average life span of a nerve cell located in the brain differs from the average life span of a red blood cell.
The cells of the brain, particularly the neurons of the cerebral cortex, last a lifetime. The life span of a red blood cell, however, is approximately 120 days.
Neurons (additionally referred to as neurones or nerve cells) are the fundamental units of the mind and frightened system, the cells responsible for receiving sensory enter from the outside global, for sending motor commands to our muscular tissues, and for transforming and relaying the electrical indicators at each step in between. more than that, their interactions define who we are as human beings. Having stated that, our roughly one hundred billion neurons do have interaction closely with different cell sorts, broadly labeled as glia (those may additionally honestly outnumber neurons, although it’s no longer definitely recognized).
The introduction of latest neurons inside the mind is referred to as neurogenesis, and this may happen even in adults.
RBC a sort of blood cell this is made inside the bone marrow and discovered inside the blood. purple blood cells contain a protein known as hemoglobin, which consists of oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the frame. Checking the quantity of pink blood cells within the blood is generally a part of a whole blood cellular (CBC) take a look at. it can be used to search for situations inclusive of anaemia, dehydration, malnutrition, and leukaemia. additionally known as erythrocyte and RBC
.
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It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can o grow into giant super cells.
The absence of errors during mitosis is essential. This is due to the potential for healthy cells to transform into enormous super cells.
Why is mitosis error-free so important?Yes! The important cell division process of mitosis, which ensures that the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, should be error-free.
The process of cell proliferation or cell division is called mitosis. Because a cell can't exist forever, it either undergoes mitosis, which causes it to divide into two new cells, or it dies. The healthy cells will randomly divide if the mitotic control is compromised, and the newly formed malignant growth cells will also be uncontrollable.
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the insect's dorsal vessel is studded with openings along its length called ____, which allow for hemolymph to flow into the vess
the insect's dorsal vessel is studded with openings along its length called Ostia.
Arthropods, which means "joint" in Ancient Greek, are invertebrate organisms with a segmented body, an exoskeleton, and paired jointed appendages. The phylum Arthropoda is made up of arthropods. Their jointed limbs and chitin-based cuticle, which is frequently mineralized with calcium carbonate, set them apart.
The arthropod's body is divided into segments, each of which has two appendages.
Arthropods have an external skeleton and are bilaterally symmetrical. They must go through many stages of moulting, a process through which they lose their exoskeleton to reveal a new one, in order to continue growing. Certain species possess wings.
With up to 10 million species, they are a very varied group.
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Select the correct answer.
Ethylene is a hormone that controls which aspect of the development of produce?
A.
Growth
B.
Fertilization
C.
Ripening
D.
The number of seeds
Answer:
a. growth
Explanation:
