The future amount that Fadhil will have after three years with an interest rate of 10 percent is RM600.10. (Answer: C)
To calculate the future amount, we need to consider the compounding effect of the interest rate over the three-year period. Fadhil makes three deposits: RM100 at the beginning of the first year, RM200 at the beginning of the second year, and RM250 at the beginning of the third year.
For the first year, Fadhil's deposit of RM100 earns an interest of 10 percent, resulting in an additional RM10. In the second year, his total amount becomes RM310 (RM100 initial deposit + RM10 interest + RM200 second-year deposit), and this amount earns another 10 percent interest, adding RM31 to the total. Finally, in the third year, his total amount becomes RM591 (RM310 + RM31 interest + RM250 third-year deposit), and with another 10 percent interest, he gains RM59.10.
Adding up the interest earned in each year, the future amount Fadhil will have after three years is RM600.10. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
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HRM Planning of Woolworths
- in relation to COVID-19
- The challenges they faced and the pro and cons they experienced.
Woolworths, a major retail company, faced numerous challenges in HRM planning due to the impact of COVID-19. These challenges included ensuring the health and safety of employees, managing workforce disruptions, and adapting to changing customer demands.
The COVID-19 pandemic presented several challenges for Woolworths in HRM planning. One significant challenge was ensuring the health and safety of employees amidst the rapidly evolving situation. The company had to implement strict hygiene measures, provide personal protective equipment, and enforce social distancing protocols to protect employees and customers. Another challenge was managing workforce disruptions caused by lockdowns, quarantines, and staff shortages. Woolworths had to develop contingency plans to address these disruptions, such as implementing remote work arrangements, adjusting work schedules, and hiring temporary staff to fill essential roles.
Additionally, the company had to adapt its HRM planning to meet changing customer demands. With increased online shopping and altered consumer behavior, Woolworths needed to realign its workforce and reskill employees to handle e-commerce operations and fulfill online orders effectively. While these challenges presented complexities and drawbacks for Woolworths, there were also some positive outcomes. The pandemic provided an opportunity for the company to enhance its flexibility and agility in HRM planning. Woolworths introduced more flexible work arrangements, such as remote work options, to accommodate employees' needs and ensure business continuity.
The company also focused on employee well-being and engagement by providing support programs, mental health resources, and regular communication channels to foster a sense of connectedness and resilience within the workforce. In summary, Woolworths faced significant challenges in HRM planning during the COVID-19 pandemic, including ensuring employee safety, managing workforce disruptions, and adapting to changing customer demands. However, the company also experienced some benefits, such as increased flexibility and opportunities to enhance employee well-being and engagement.
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Consider the Solow model. Suppose that someone invents a miracle coating that, when sprayed on metal equipment, radically reduces the amount of wear and tear on machinery. Assume, for simplicity, that there is no population growth and no technological progress. a. Explain using words and graphs what effect this one-time event will have on the steady-state levels of capital per worker, output per worker, and consumption per worker? b. Assume that the economy was at a steady state before this innovation. Sketch the paths of investment, consumption, and output per worker over time as the economy moves to its new steady state. (See Figures 7-9 and 7-10 for examples) c. Draw a graph showing the effect this event will have on the Golden Rule level of capital per worker. (This will start as something like Figure 7−8, but then there will be a change to it that you have to determine.)
(a) The invention of the miracle coating, which reduces machinery wear and tear, will have several effects on the steady-state levels of capital per worker, output per worker, and consumption per worker.
In the Solow model, steady state occurs when investment equals depreciation.
invention of the coating reduces depreciation, as machinery wears out at a slower rate. This means that for the same level of investment, the capital stock per worker will increase in the new steady state.
Graphically, this can be represented by a rightward shift of the capital per worker curve, indicating a higher level of capital per worker at the new steady state. As a result, output per worker will also increase, as more capital is available for each worker to use in production. Similarly, consumption per worker will also increase since higher output allows for more resources to be allocated for consumption.
(b) Before the innovation, the economy was at a steady state characterized by a certain level of capital per worker, output per worker, and consumption per worker. With the invention of the miracle coating, the economy will transition to a new steady state.
Initially, investment will be higher than depreciation as the economy adjusts to the increased capital stock. This will lead to a rise in output per worker. However, consumption per worker may not increase immediately, as some of the additional output will be used for investment to reach the new steady state.
Over time, investment and consumption will converge to their new steady-state levels. The path of investment per worker will decrease until it matches the new steady-state investment level, while consumption per worker will gradually increase until it reaches the new steady-state consumption level. Output per worker will continue to rise during this adjustment period until it stabilizes at the new steady state.
(c) The effect of the miracle coating on the Golden Rule level of capital per worker can be illustrated using a graph similar to Figure 7-8 in the Solow model. Initially, the Golden Rule level of capital per worker is determined by the intersection of the saving/investment curve and the depreciation curve.
After the introduction of the miracle coating, the depreciation curve will shift downward since the rate of machinery wear and tear has decreased. This will result in a new intersection between the saving/investment curve and the adjusted depreciation curve. The new steady-state level of capital per worker at the Golden Rule will be higher than before, reflecting the higher level of capital accumulation made possible by the innovation.
The graph will show a new Golden Rule level of capital per worker to the right of the original intersection point, indicating a higher optimal level of capital per worker due to the lower depreciation rate resulting from the miracle coating.
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Jella Cosmetics is considering a project that costs $800,000 and that is expected to last for 8 years and produce future cash flows of $180,000 per year. If the appropriate discount rate for this project is 14 percent, what is the project's IRR? The project's RR is %. (Round to two decimal places.)
The project's internal rate of return (IRR) is approximately 16.91%. To calculate the project's internal rate of return (IRR), we need to find the discount rate that equates the present value of the project's cash flows to its initial cost.
Using the formula for present value of an annuity, we can calculate the present value of the cash flows:
PV = Cash Flow ×[tex][1 - (1 + Discount rate)^(-Number of periods)] / Discount rate[/tex]
Substituting the values into the formula:
PV = $180,000 ×[tex][1 - (1 + 0.14)^(-8)] / 0.14[/tex]
PV ≈ $693,679.79
Now, we need to find the discount rate that makes the present value equal to the initial cost of $800,000. We can use the trial-and-error method or financial software to find the approximate IRR.
Using trial-and-error, we can test different discount rates until the present value is close to the initial cost. By testing various discount rates, we find that a discount rate of approximately 16.91% makes the present value equal to $800,000.
Therefore, the project's internal rate of return (IRR) is approximately 16.91%.
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200 Words an Answer
Scenario:
Paul is an office manager at the law firm Janis, Barry, & Thompson. He has been with the firm for 14 years.
Gina is a sales representative for Banks Hadley, a B2B office supply chain. She has been with Banks Hadley for 2 years.
Paul has been tasked to save money on office supplies and consumables for 2022. The law firm has to tighten their belt due to handling less cases in 2021. Paul normally works with Dave from Office Barn every year. Janis, Barry, & Thompson has an account established with Office Barn and they are able to pay as they go on the company credit card. Paul and Dave have become good friends; they even go golfing together. Paul met with Dave last week to see if he had some wiggle room on his usual order and was offered a 6% discount. Paul happily brought that savings back to the partners of the law firm. The partners told him that he needed to do better since the firm was simply tightening their belt. He walked out of their meeting with his head hung low, and grumbled all the way back to his office.
Gina just hung up the phone with Paul from Janis, Barry, & Thompson. She has a meeting with him tomorrow. She was excited but cautious. In her mind, Paul sounded rushed, monotone, and gruff on the phone. She decided to stay late at work to get the emailed quote list from Paul. She wanted to make sure she did sufficient prep for their meeting. She could blow off the friend Zoom happy hour, since this could be a huge account for her.
Paul met Gina in the lobby of Janis, Barry, & Thompson. In the hallway he reminded her that he didn’t have a lot of time for this meeting since it was last minute. They went to the conference room to chat. Gina happily gave a 15-minute professional sales presentation (using the emailed quote list from Paul) and explained that she was able to give a 10% discount if they signed a contract and paid for 50% of their products in advance. Paul said that he would need an account set up and would need the ability to use the company credit card. Gina said she would be happy to discuss that with her finance department. Paul told Gina that he needed to discuss this with the partners and that they would be in touch.
As Paul walked back to his office, he thought Gina gave them a decent deal. But he’s leaning toward Dave still. There has to be a way he can help Dave win this business. Paul said to himself "She just doesn’t seem experienced enough to handle my orders. I am used to Dave."
As Gina walked to her car she thought "Yikes, that guy was crusty. I was hoping to make this sale. I gave him the best offer in town. What more could he want? Ugh, I hope everyone in that office isn’t like him. I may not want to deal with him as a client."
200 words an answer
Questions
1. What were the offers?
2 .What do you think is going to happen?
3. Is there a win/win anywhere here? A win/lose?
1.) Dave from Office Barn offered a 6% discount, while Gina from Banks Hadley offered a 10% discount with payment terms.
2.) The outcome is uncertain. Paul may stick with Dave due to loyalty or switch to Gina for potential cost savings.
3.) A win/win could be achieved through negotiation, but there is also a potential win/lose outcome for the suppliers.
1.) Dave from Office Barn offered a 6% discount on the usual order for office supplies and consumables.
Gina from Banks Hadley offered a 10% discount if they signed a contract and paid for 50% of the products in advance. She also mentioned the possibility of setting up an account and using the company credit card.
2.) Based on the information provided, it is difficult to predict the exact outcome. However, several possibilities can be considered:
Paul may stick with his usual supplier, Dave from Office Barn, due to their established relationship and personal connection outside of work. Despite Gina's better offer, Paul's familiarity and loyalty to Dave might sway his decision.
Paul may consider the potential cost savings and benefits of Gina's offer. If the law firm is under financial constraints and Gina's offer provides a more significant discount and advantageous payment terms, Paul might be inclined to switch to Banks Hadley as the new supplier.
The partners of the law firm will need to review the options and make a decision. They may prioritize cost savings and efficiency over personal relationships, or they may value the established rapport with Dave and choose to continue working with Office Barn.
3.) In this scenario, a potential win/win situation could arise if Paul negotiates with both suppliers to find a compromise that benefits both his law firm and the suppliers. For example, he could try to negotiate a higher discount with Gina or explore whether Dave can match or improve upon Gina's offer. This way, the law firm saves money while still maintaining a positive business relationship.
However, there is also a potential win/lose situation, where one supplier emerges as the winner and the other as the loser. If Paul chooses Gina's offer, Dave loses the business from Janis, Barry, & Thompson. Conversely, if Paul sticks with Dave, Banks Hadley loses the opportunity to become the law firm's supplier. In this case, one supplier gains the business while the other loses out.
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Hyundai Motors is considering three sites—A,B, and C—at which
to locate a factory to build its new electric car batteries. The
goal is to locate at a minimum-cost site, where cost is meas
Hyundai Motors is considering three sites—A, B, and C—for the construction of a factory to manufacture its new electric car batteries.
The objective is to choose a site with the lowest cost, where the cost is measured by the sum of the fixed cost and the variable cost. The variable cost at each site is provided below:
Cost at Site A= $5,000
Cost at Site B= $7,000
Cost at Site C= $10,000
The fixed costs at the three sites are the same and amount to $50,000.
We are required to find the minimum-cost site to locate the factory.
Firstly, we need to determine the cost of locating the factory at each site.
This is calculated by adding the fixed cost to the variable cost at each site.
The following are the costs of each site:
A= $50,000+$5,000
= $55,000
B= $50,000+$7,000
= $57,000
C= $50,000+$10,000
= $60,000
From the calculations above, we can see that Site A is the minimum-cost site for the construction of the factory as it has the lowest cost.
Therefore, Hyundai Motors should choose Site A to construct its factory to manufacture the new electric car batteries since it has the lowest cost.
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A payment of $13,000 is due in 1 year and $11,400 is due in 2 years. What two equal payments, one in 3 years and one in 4 years would replace these original payments? Assume that money earns 3.50% compounded quarterly. Use the focal date in 4 years
The equal payments due in 4 years will be $2,904.52.
We can solve this problem using the time value of money. The time value of money is the concept that a dollar received in the future is worth less than a dollar received today because of its earning capacity. We can find out the present value of the future cash flows using the below formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r/n) ^ nt
Where,
PV = Present Value
FV = Future Value (cash flow)
r = rate of interest
n = number of times interest compounded in a year
t = time (number of years)
First, we find out the present value of the given payments, and then we can use these present values to find out the equal payments at the end of three and four years.
Present value of $13,000 due in 1 year:
PV1 = 13,000 / (1 + 0.035 / 4) ^ (1 × 4)
PV1 = $12,499.67 (approx)
Present value of $11,400 due in 2 years:
PV2 = 11,400 / (1 + 0.035 / 4) ^ (2 × 4)
PV2 = $10,185.85 (approx)
Now, we can find out the equal payments due in 3 years and 4 years from now using the present values calculated above.
Equal payments due in 3 years:
We need to find out the equal payments that replace the two payments at the end of three years. Let's assume that the equal payment is 'x'.
Present Value of this annuity due in 3 years is:
PV3 = x * [1 - (1 / (1 + 0.035 / 4) ^ (4 × 3))] / (0.035 / 4)
PV3 = x * 7.2486... (approx)
Equating the present value of the above annuity to the sum of the present values of the original payments:
PV3 = PV1 + PV2
x * 7.2486... = 12,499.67 + 10,185.85
x = $3,034.76 (approx)
Therefore, the equal payments due in 3 years will be $3,034.76.
Equal payments due in 4 years:
We need to find out the equal payments that replace the two payments at the end of four years. Let's assume that the equal payment is 'y'.
Present Value of this annuity due in 4 years is:
PV4 = y * [1 - (1 / (1 + 0.035 / 4) ^ (4 × 4))] / (0.035 / 4)
PV4 = y * 7.6984... (approx)
Equating the present value of the above annuity to the sum of the present values of the original payments:
PV4 = PV1 + PV2
y * 7.6984... = 12,499.67 + 10,185.85
y = $2,904.52 (approx)
Therefore, the equal payments due in 4 years will be $2,904.52.
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(Measuring growth) Green-Gadgets inc. is trying to decide whether to cut its expected dividend for next year from 57 per share to $4 per thare in ordar to have more money to invest in new projects: If it does not cut the dividend, Green Gadgets' expected rale of growth in dividends is 6 percent per yoar and the price of their common stock will be $95 per share. However, if it cuts its dividend, the dividend growth rate is expected to rise to 9 percent in the future. Assuming that the mestiort required rale of return for Greon Gadgets' stock does not change. what would you expect to happen to the price of its cormon stock if it cits the didend to S4? Should Green Gadpets cut its dividend? Support your antwer as best you can. a. What is the investor's roquired rate of return for Green Gadgets' stock? 4. (Round to two decimal places.) b. Assuming that the investor's requirod rate of return for Green Gadgets' stock does not change, What would you expect to happen to the price of its conmon ahock it it cuts the dividend to $4 ? (Round to the nearest cent.) c. Should Green Gadgets cut its dividend? (Soloct from the drop-down menus.) Groen Ga
The required rate of return for Green Gadgets' stock is 12%.
The company cuts its dividend to $4, the price of its common stock would be expected to increase to $133.33 per share.
Green Gadgets should cut its dividend because cutting the dividend will increase the value of common stock.
How to solve for the rate of return
$95 = $5.7 / (r - 0.06)
a) Required Rate of Return
Let's calculate this:
First, rearrange the equation to isolate r:
r = D1 / P + g
r = $5.7 / $95 + 0.06
r = 0.06 + 0.06
r = 0.12 or 12% (rounded to two decimal places)
So, the required rate of return for Green Gadgets' stock is 12%.
b. Expected Stock Price After Dividend Cut
P = D1 / (r - g)
P = $4 / (0.12 - 0.09)
P = $4 / 0.03
P = $133.33
Green Gadgets should cut its dividend because cutting the dividend will increase the value of common stock.
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Review problem—understanding liquidity measures LO 11-1
Assume that the current ratio for Arch Company is 2.0, its acid-test ratio is 1.5, and its working capital is $900,000. Answer each of the following questions independently, always referring to the original information.
Required:
How much does the firm have in current liabilities?
If the only current assets shown on the balance sheet for Arch Company are Cash, Accounts Receivable, and Merchandise Inventory, how much does the firm have in Merchandise Inventory?
If the firm collects an account receivable of $300,000, what will its new current ratio and working capital be?
Note: Round "Current ratio" to 1 decimal place.
If the firm pays an account payable of $300,000, what will its new current ratio and working capital be?
Note: Round "Current ratio" to 1 decimal place.
If the firm sells inventory that was purchased for $150,000 at a cash price of $180,000, what will its new acid-test ratio be?
After analyzing the given information, the firm's current liabilities amount to $450,000. If the only current assets shown on the balance sheet are Cash, Accounts Receivable, and Merchandise Inventory, then the firm has $600,000 in Merchandise Inventory. Collecting an accounts receivable of $300,000 would result in a new current ratio of 2.7 and a working capital of $1,200,000. Paying an accounts payable of $300,000 would lead to a new current ratio of 1.7 and a working capital of $600,000. Finally, selling inventory purchased for $150,000 at a cash price of $180,000 would result in a new acid-test ratio of 2.2.
To determine the firm's current liabilities, we can use the current ratio formula: Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities. Given that the current ratio is 2.0 and the working capital is $900,000, we can solve for current liabilities. Rearranging the formula, Current Assets = Current Ratio * Current Liabilities, and substituting the known values, we have $900,000 = 2.0 * Current Liabilities. Solving for Current Liabilities, we find that the firm has $450,000 in current liabilities.
The acid-test ratio, also known as the quick ratio, excludes inventory from current assets. Since the acid-test ratio is 1.5, and the current ratio is 2.0, we can deduce that inventory is equal to the difference between the two ratios. Therefore, Merchandise Inventory = Current Ratio - Acid-Test Ratio. Substituting the values, we find that Merchandise Inventory is $600,000.
To calculate the new current ratio and working capital after collecting an accounts receivable of $300,000, we need to adjust the current assets and working capital. The new current assets would be the original current assets minus the collected accounts receivable, resulting in $600,000. The new current liabilities would remain the same at $450,000. Thus, the new current ratio is Current Assets / Current Liabilities = $600,000 / $450,000 = 1.33 (rounded to 1 decimal place). The new working capital would be the difference between the new current assets and current liabilities, amounting to $150,000. Therefore, the new current ratio is 1.3, and the working capital is $150,000.
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If Susie earns $796,000 in taxable income and fles as head of household for year 2022, what is Susie's average tax rate? (Use toxrate schedule) Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to two decimal places. Muliple Choice 32.16 petcent 3231 percent
3500 percent
3700 pecest
None of the choices are correct.
If Susie earns $796,000 in taxable income and flees as head of household for year 2022, what is Susie's average tax rate: 41.27%. The answer is none of the answers are correct
Given information is that Susie earns $796,000 in taxable income and files as head of household for year 2022 and we have to determine Susie's average tax rate.
So, for that we need to use the tax rate schedule. Using the 2022 tax rate schedule for head of household, we can find the marginal tax rate by comparing Susie's taxable income with the ranges given below. Then, we can apply the appropriate rate to the taxable income within each range to find the amount of tax in each range. We add those amounts to get Susie's total tax amount, which we can then use to find her average tax rate.
The tax rate schedule for head of household is shown below:
Marginal Tax Rate Taxable Income Range
12% $0–$9,950 22% $9,951–$40,525
24% $40,526–$86,375 32% $86,376–$164,925
35% $164,926–$209,425 37% $209,426 or more
We can see that Susie's taxable income of $796,000 falls into the last bracket (over $209,426). So we can find her tax as follows:
Tax at 32% = $209,425 × 32% = $67,016.00
Tax at 35% = ($164,926–$209,425) × 35% = $15,373.48
Tax at 37% = ($796,000 – $209,425 – $164,925) × 37% = $246,217.25
Total Tax = $67,016.00 + $15,373.48 + $246,217.25 = $328,606.73
Now, the average tax rate can be calculated as follows:
Average Tax Rate = Total Tax / Taxable Income
= $328,606.73 / $796,000= 0.4127 or 41.27%
Therefore, Susie's average tax rate is 41.27%.Option (None of the choices are correct) is the correct answer.
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Pipe Installation Project Activity A: Dig trench for 1.2 km and takes 6 days to complete. Activity B: Lay pipe for 1.2 km and takes 6 days to complete. Activity C: Refill earth for 1.2 km and takes 6 days to complete. 4. Using Finish to Start relationship for the above activities, how long the project will take? (1 mark) 5. Using Laddering techniques and divided each activity to 3 segments equally. i. How long the project will take? (2 marks) ii. How many Lag days between activity A and B? (2 marks) : Page 2 of 2
The total duration of the project, considering the original activities, is 18 days. Using the laddering technique with 3 segments per activity, the project still takes 18 days, with no lag days between activities A and B.
1. The total duration of the project can be calculated by adding the duration of all activities.
Activity A: Dig trench for 1.2 km - Duration: 6 days
Activity B: Lay pipe for 1.2 km - Duration: 6 days
Activity C: Refill earth for 1.2 km - Duration: 6 days
Therefore, Total duration of the project = 6 + 6 + 6 = 18 days.
2. Using the Laddering technique, each activity is divided into 3 segments of equal duration.
Activity A: Dig trench for 1.2 km - Duration: 6 days
Segment 1: Dig trench for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Segment 2: Dig trench for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Segment 3: Dig trench for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Activity B: Lay pipe for 1.2 km - Duration: 6 days
Segment 1: Lay pipe for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Segment 2: Lay pipe for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Segment 3: Lay pipe for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Activity C: Refill earth for 1.2 km - Duration: 6 days
Segment 1: Refill earth for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Segment 2: Refill earth for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
Segment 3: Refill earth for 0.4 km - Duration: 2 days
(i) The total duration of the project will be the sum of durations of all segments.
Thus, Total duration of the project = 2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 = 18 days.
(ii) There are no lag days between activity A and B.
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A bond has five years to maturity, a $1,000 face value, and a 5.6% coupon rate with annual coupons. What is its yield to maturity if it is currently trading at $861? A. 12.88% B. 11.04% C. 7.36% D. 9.2%
To calculate the yield to maturity (YTM) of a bond, we need to solve for the discount rate that equates the present value of the bond's future cash flows to its current market price. The correct answer is A. 12.88%
Face value (FV) = $1,000
Coupon rate (C) = 5.6% = 0.056
Coupon payment = FV × C = $1,000 × 0.056 = $56
Years to maturity (N) = 5
Current market price (P) = $861
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet, we can calculate the YTM as follows:
P = (C / (1 + YTM)) + (C / (1 + YTM)^2) + ... + (C + FV) / (1 + YTM)^N
$861 = ($56 / (1 + YTM)) + ($56 / (1 + YTM)^2) + ... + ($56 + $1,000) / (1 + YTM)^5
By solving this equation, we find that the YTM is approximately 12.88%.
Therefore, the closest answer option is A. 12.88%.Hence, the correct answer is A. 12.88%
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Brandtly Industries invests a large sum of money in R&D; as a result, it retains and reinvests all of its earnings. In other words, Brandtly does not pay any dividends, and it has no plans to pay dividends in the near future. A major pension fund is interested in purchasing Brandtly's stock. The pension fund manager has estimated Brandtly's free cash flows for the next 4 years as follows: $3 million, $5 million, $9 million, and $13 million. After the fourth year, free cash flow is projected to grow at a constant 5%. Brandtly's WACC is 15%, the market value of its debt and preferred stock totals $76 million, the firm has $16 million in nonoperating assets, and it has 15 million shares of common stock outstanding. a. What is the present value of the free cash flows projected during the next 4 years? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Write out your answers completely. For example, 13 million should be entered as 13,000,000. b. What is the firm's horizon, or continuing, value? Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Write out Jour answers completely. For example, 13 milition should be entered as 13,000,000. c. What is the market value of the company's operations? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest doliar, Write out your answers completely. For example, 13 milion should be entered as 13,000,000.
What is the firm's total market value today? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Write out your answers completely, For example, 13 milion should be entered as 13,000,000. d. What is an estimate of Brandtly's price per share? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent
a. The present value of the free cash flows projected during the next 4 years is $24,809,364.
b. The firm's horizon value is $129,239,250.
c. The market value of the company's operations is $153,048,614.
d. An estimate of Brandtly's price per share is $10.20.
a. To calculate the present value of the free cash flows projected for the next 4 years, we need to discount each cash flow using the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) as the discount rate. The formula for present value is PV = CF1 / (1 + r)^1 + CF2 / (1 + r)^2 + CF3 / (1 + r)^3 + CF4 / (1 + r)^4, where CF represents the cash flow and r is the discount rate. Using the provided cash flows and a discount rate of 15%, the present value is calculated as $3,000,000 / (1 + 0.15)^1 + $5,000,000 / (1 + 0.15)^2 + $9,000,000 / (1 + 0.15)^3 + $13,000,000 / (1 + 0.15)^4 = $24,809,364.
b. The firm's horizon value represents the value of its free cash flows beyond the projected period, assuming a constant growth rate. It is calculated using the formula HV = CFn+1 / (r - g), where CFn+1 is the cash flow in the next period, r is the discount rate (WACC), and g is the growth rate. Here, the cash flow in the next period is $13,000,000, the discount rate is 15%, and the growth rate is 5%. Plugging in these values, the horizon value is $13,000,000 / (0.15 - 0.05) = $129,239,250.
c. The market value of the company's operations is the sum of the present value of the projected cash flows and the horizon value. Therefore, it is calculated as $24,809,364 + $129,239,250 = $153,048,614.
d. To estimate Brandtly's price per share, we divide the market value of the company's operations by the number of common shares outstanding. Given that there are 15 million shares of common stock, the estimated price per share is $153,048,614 / 15,000,000 = $10.20.
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Name an industry and company where they are collecting the specific type of sales data
Give an example of (specific) on how the sales data is implemented. (Product lines, locations, ect)
Provide reasoning for why it is beneficial to use this specific type of sales data. Explain how collecting the data will allow the company to act strategically. Cite sources for your example.
Sales Data Type - Sales by Location
Industry:
Company:
Specific Example:
How is the data used in a strategic manner?
Sales Data Type – Sales by Product Line
Industry:
Company:
Specific Example:
How is the data used in a strategic manner?
Sales Data Type – Sales Representatives
Industry:
Company:
Specific Example:
How is the data used in a strategic manner?
Sales Data Type - Sales by Location:
Industry: Retail
Company: Walmart
Example: Walmart collects sales data by location to analyze store performance, customer demographics, and trends. This helps them make strategic decisions on resource allocation, marketing strategies, and inventory management.
Sales Data Type - Sales by Location
Industry: Retail
Company: Walmart
Specific Example: Walmart collects sales data by location, tracking the sales performance of each of its stores across different regions. They analyze data on sales volumes, revenue, customer demographics, and other relevant metrics specific to each store's location.
Strategic Use: By collecting sales data by location, Walmart can identify high-performing stores and allocate resources accordingly. They can identify trends and patterns in customer preferences, adapt marketing strategies to target specific regions, and optimize inventory management based on demand patterns in different locations. This allows Walmart to make informed decisions regarding store expansion, product assortment, pricing, and promotions, resulting in improved operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Source: "How Walmart Uses Big Data to Drive Success," Retail Dive, 2018, https://www.retaildive.com/news/how-walmart-uses-big-data-to-drive-success/525072/
Sales Data Type - Sales by Product Line
Industry: Consumer Electronics
Company: Apple Inc.
Specific Example: Apple collects sales data by product line, tracking the sales performance of its various products such as iPhones, MacBooks, iPads, and Apple Watches. They analyze data on unit sales, revenue, market share, customer preferences, and product performance metrics.
Strategic Use: By analyzing sales data by product line, Apple can identify the popularity and demand for different products, allowing them to make strategic decisions regarding product development, marketing, and inventory management. They can allocate resources to high-demand products, identify opportunities for product innovation or improvement, and optimize pricing and promotional strategies for each product line. This data-driven approach helps Apple maintain its competitive edge in the consumer electronics market.
Source: "How Apple Uses Data to Drive Customer Loyalty and Sales," Analytics Insight, 2020, https://www.analyticsinsight.net/how-apple-uses-data-to-drive-customer-loyalty-and-sales/
Sales Data Type - Sales Representatives
Industry: Pharmaceutical
Company: Johnson & Johnson
Specific Example: Johnson & Johnson collects sales data specific to its sales representatives, tracking individual sales performance, customer interactions, territory coverage, and product promotion activities. They capture data on the number of sales visits, customer feedback, product samples distributed, and sales conversion rates.
Strategic Use: By analyzing sales data specific to sales representatives, Johnson & Johnson can evaluate the effectiveness of their salesforce, identify top-performing representatives, and assess the impact of their promotional activities. They can allocate resources, provide targeted training, and incentivize sales representatives based on data-driven insights, leading to improved sales performance, customer relationships, and market penetration.
Source: "Salesforce Effectiveness: Pharma's Secret Weapon," ZS Associates, 2019, https://www.zs.com/insights/sales-and-marketing/2019/salesforce-effectiveness-pharmas-secret-weapon
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Patrick has a $1,000 overdue debt for accounting books and supplies at Augustana's
Bookstore. Patrick has only $200 in his checking account and doesn't want his parents to
know about this debt. The Bookstore Manager tells Patrick that he may settle the account
in one of two ways since he can't pay it all now:
1.
Pay $200 now and $1200 after he completes his second year of work in public
accounting, two years from today.
2.
Pay $1,400 three years from today.
Assuming that the cost of borrowing money (interest) is the only factor in Patrick's decision
and that the cost of borrowing money to him is 6%, which alternative should he choose?
Your answer must be supported with calculations.
Patrick has a $1,000 overdue debt for accounting books and supplies at Augustana's Bookstore. Patrick has only $200 in his checking account and doesn't want his parents to know about this debt. The Bookstore Manager tells Patrick that he may settle the account in one of two ways since he can't pay it all now
The cost of borrowing money (interest) is the only factor in Patrick's decision and that the cost of borrowing money to him is 6%.He has two alternatives to pay the overdue debt. Let's calculate which alternative he should choose:Alternative 1:Pay $200 now and $1200 after he completes his second year of work in public accounting, two years from today.The total amount payable after two years = $1200Principal = $1000Interest for two years at 6% = (1000 × 6 × 2) / 100 = $120Total amount payable after two years = Principal + Interest = $1000 + $120 + $200 = $1320.Alternative 2:Pay $1,400 three years from today.Principal = $1000Simple interest for 3 years at 6% = (1000 × 6 × 3) / 100 = $180Total amount payable after three years = Principal + Interest = $1000 + $180 = $1180.So, Patrick should choose the first alternative as he has to pay a lower amount, which is $1320 only.
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1. The two methods of estimating uncollectible receivables are the
A) aging-of-receivables method and direct write-off method.
B) percent- of- sales method and the aging-of-receivables method.
C) allowance method and the direct write-off method.
D) percent of sales method and the direct write-off method.
2. Using the DWO method, the entry to record the bad debts includes a debit to:
A) Bad debts expense and a credit to Accounts Receivable.
B) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and a credit to Uncollectible-Account Expense.
C) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and a credit to Accounts Receivable.
D) Bad debt expense and credit to Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.
3. A year-end review of Accounts Receivable and estimated uncollectible percentages revealed the
following:
1-30 davs $40.000 1.5%
31-60 days $10.000 8.0%
31-90 days $6.000 22.0%
Amounts over 90 days past due are written off. At year end, the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
unadjusted balance was a debit of was $520. The bad debts expense to be recorded for the year is:
A) $600.
B) $2,200.
C) $2.720.
D) $3,240.
1. The two methods of estimating uncollectible receivables are the aging-of-receivables method and the direct write-off method. The two methods of estimating uncollectible receivables are: The aging-of-receivables method and the Direct write-off method. So the right option is (A).
2. Using the DWO method, the entry to record the bad debts includes a debit to Bad debts expense and a credit to Accounts Receivable. Under the Direct write-off method, the entry to record the bad debts includes a debit to the Bad debts expense and a credit to Accounts Receivable. So the right option is (A)
3. The bad debt expense to be recorded for the year is $2,200. So the right option is (B).
The calculation of bad debts expense is as follows:
1-30 days $40,000 x 1.5% = $60031-60 days $10,000 x 8.0% = $80031-90 days $6,000 x 22.0% = $1,320
Total = $2,720 Therefore, the bad debts expense to be recorded for the year is $2,200. Bad debts expense will be debited, and the allowance for doubtful accounts will be credited. The entry will be: Bad debts expense $2,200 Allowance for doubtful accounts $2,200.
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Matthew Liotine's Dream Store sells water beds and assorted supplies. His best-selling bed has an annual demand of 400 units. Ordering cost is $39; holding cost is $5 per unit per year. a) To minimize the total cost, how many units should be ordered each time an order is placed? EOQ= units (round your response to the nearest whole number). b) If the holding cost per unit was $6.00 instead of $5, what would the optimal order quantity be? New EOQ= units (round your response to the nearest whole number).
To minimize the total cost, the Dream Store should order the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) of water beds. With an annual demand of 400 units, ordering cost of $39, and holding cost of $5 per unit per year, the optimal order quantity is determined.
a) To determine the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) that minimizes the total cost, we can use the EOQ formula: EOQ = √((2 * annual demand * ordering cost) / holding cost). Plugging in the values given:
EOQ = √((2 * 400 * $39) / $5) ≈ 56 units.
Therefore, Matthew Liotine's Dream Store should order approximately 56 units each time an order is placed to minimize the total cost. b) If the holding cost per unit increases to $6, we need to recalculate the new optimal order quantity (EOQ) using the same formula.
New EOQ = √((2 * 400 * $39) / $6) ≈ 53 units.
With a higher holding cost per unit, the new optimal order quantity would be approximately 53 units. By calculating the EOQ, the Dream Store can ensure efficient inventory management and minimize costs associated with ordering and holding inventory.
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The Bautista family is planning a large family reunion, including many relatives from overseas who will come for th event. Given the number of people who will be attending, they will need a large venue. In product terms, what is this venue an example of? unsought good specialty good shopping good convenience good
In product terms, the large venue needed for the family reunion can be classified as a specialty good.
A specialty good refers to a product or service that is unique or specific to a particular customer segment and is not commonly available in the market. In this case, the venue is required for a specific event and caters to the specific needs of the Bautista family's reunion, making it a specialty good as it serves a specialized purpose for a particular customer group.
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"Customer relationship is only present when the customer has emotional loyalty, not just
functional (behavioral) loyalty"
Elaborate the statement above by referring to the Five Es of Customer Relationships by Barnes.
Emotional loyalty involves a deep, emotional connection between the customer and the brand, leading to long-term commitment and advocacy.
Barnes' Five Es of Customer Relationships framework emphasizes the importance of emotional loyalty in building strong customer relationships. The five Es include Emotion, Engagement, Empathy, Experience, and Equity. Emotional loyalty refers to the customer's emotional attachment to a brand or company, which goes beyond mere satisfaction with the product or service.
Functional loyalty, on the other hand, is based solely on the customer's repeat purchase behavior. It focuses on the customer's rational assessment of the product's functional benefits and convenience. While functional loyalty is important for short-term transactions, it does not create a strong foundation for a long-lasting customer relationship.
Emotional loyalty, driven by positive emotions such as trust, affection, and a sense of belonging, leads to a deeper level of customer engagement. Customers who are emotionally loyal are more likely to actively engage with the brand, seek out interactions, provide feedback, and promote the brand through word-of-mouth recommendations.
The emotional bond between the customer and the brand also enables empathy, as the company can better understand and address the customer's needs and concerns. This empathy fosters a personalized and tailored customer experience, further strengthening the emotional connection. Moreover, emotional loyalty contributes to the perception of equity, where customers feel valued and appreciated by the brand.
In conclusion, while functional loyalty focuses on transactional behavior, emotional loyalty delves deeper into the emotional connection between the customer and the brand. By nurturing emotional loyalty through the Five Es of Customer Relationships, companies can foster long-term commitment, advocacy, and mutual satisfaction, leading to a stronger customer relationship.
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Recall that according to the Solow Model, y = Akα And that the level of k each period is determined by the equations kt+1 = kt + δkt. Income is split between consumption and savings: y = C + S where S = sy. The following values are given: A = 5, s = .2, δ = .005, α = 0.5. (Do not use comma separators or dollar signs $) What is the long-run steady-state level of capital?:
What is the long-run steady state level of real income?:
What is the value of savings in the steady-state?:
Recall that according to the Solow Model, y = Akα And that the level of k each period is determined by the equations kt+1 = kt + δkt. Income is split between consumption and savings: y = C + S where S = sy. The following values are given: A = 5, s = .2, δ = .005, α = 0.5.What is the long-run steady-state level of capital?
The steady-state level of capital occurs when the investment in a given period is equal to the depreciation, so the capital stock remains constant. In other words, the change in capital is zero. It occurs when kt+1 = kt. If kt is the long-run steady-state level of capital, then kt+1 = kt. Therefore,kt+1 = kt + δkt = kt ⇒ δk = 0. For δ = 0.005, we get k = 0. Thus, the long-run steady-state level of capital is 0.What is the long-run steady state level of real income?The steady-state level of income is found by multiplying the steady-state level of capital by the level of technological progress.
So,y = Akα, where k = 0. From this, y = 0. Thus, the long-run steady-state level of real income is 0.What is the value of savings in the steady-state?In the steady-state, y = C + S, and since the steady-state level of real income is zero, the steady-state consumption is also zero. S = sy = 0.2 * 0 = 0.Therefore, the value of savings in the steady-state is 0.
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current state analyis of Use of Machine Learning and Artificial
Intelligence in Investment Management
As data becomes increasingly abundant and complex, machine learning and artificial intelligence will play an increasingly important role in helping investment managers make more informed investment decisions.
Investment management firms, such as hedge funds, mutual funds, and pension funds, are among the organizations that have invested heavily in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). In the investment management sector, machine learning and artificial intelligence are used in a variety of ways, including risk management, research, and trading. Machine learning algorithms can be used to analyze data, identify trends, and generate predictions in real time. This information can be used by investment managers to make more informed investment decisions. Machine learning and artificial intelligence are becoming increasingly popular in the investment management industry because they are capable of analyzing vast amounts of data more quickly and accurately than humans. As a result, machine learning and artificial intelligence can help investment managers identify market trends and investment opportunities that they may have missed otherwise. Investment managers can use machine learning algorithms to analyze and predict the performance of stocks, bonds, and other assets. This can help them optimize their portfolios and minimize their risk. Machine learning and artificial intelligence can also be used to predict market trends and anticipate changes in the economy, which can be used to make more informed investment decisions.
Overall, machine learning and artificial intelligence are becoming increasingly important in the investment management industry, and they are likely to become even more so in the future. As data becomes increasingly abundant and complex, machine learning and artificial intelligence will play an increasingly important role in helping investment managers make more informed investment decisions.
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In its first month of operation, Marin Company purchased 84 units of inventory for $6, then 168 units for $7, and finally 116 units for \$8. At the end of the month, 152 units remained. The company uses the periodic method. Compute the amount of phantom profit that would result if the company used FiFO rather than LIFO. Phantom profit
To calculate the amount of phantom profit that would result if the company used FIFO (First-In, First-Out) rather than LIFO (Last-In, First-Out), we need to compare the ending inventory value under the two methods.
Let's calculate the ending inventory value using the LIFO method first:
LIFO Ending Inventory Value = (Number of units remaining) * (Cost per unit)
LIFO Ending Inventory Value = 152 units * $8
LIFO Ending Inventory Value = $1,216
Now, let's calculate the ending inventory value using the FIFO method:
Under the FIFO method, we assume that the units purchased first are sold first. Therefore, the cost of the remaining units will be based on the cost of the last purchases.
Step 1: Calculate the cost of units sold:
Units sold = (Total units purchased) - (Units remaining)
Units sold = (84 units + 168 units + 116 units) - 152 units
Units sold = 316 units
Cost of units sold = (84 units * $6) + (168 units * $7) + (64 units * $8)
Cost of units sold = $504 + $1,176 + $512
Cost of units sold = $2,192
Step 2: Calculate the cost of the remaining units (ending inventory):
Ending Inventory Value = (Units remaining) * (Cost per unit)
Ending Inventory Value = 152 units * $8
Ending Inventory Value = $1,216
Now we can calculate the phantom profit:
Phantom Profit = LIFO Ending Inventory Value - FIFO Ending Inventory Value
Phantom Profit = $1,216 - $1,216
Phantom Profit = $0
Therefore, if the company used FIFO instead of LIFO, there would be no phantom profit as the ending inventory value would be the same under both methods.
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I DON'T WANT THE SAME EXISTING ANSWERS FROM CHEGG.
As an operations manager, you know that you need to able to quantify the performance of your process. That means that you’ll need to have certain Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) in place, as well as the ability to gather data to establish process standards, measure productivity, monitor, and track process output rates, create production standards, and develop operations budgets.
Measuring the output of a production line per period is normal and accepted type of measurement. Industrial engineers and other management personnel find that these production type of measurements are important to manage the business, manage bonus-pay program, as well as being a fundamental step in any continuous improvement program.
In many industrial or manufacturing facilities, the labour force is often represented by a union. In these facilities where unions are in place, given that measurement and KPI’s are an important aspect of operations management, why do we need to understand why unions (organized labour) may be resistive of efforts to measure and track individual employee performance?
Understanding why unions may be resistive to efforts of measuring and tracking individual employee performance is crucial for operations management. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and performance measurement are essential for managing processes, productivity, and continuous improvement. However, in facilities where unions are present, there can be resistance towards individual performance tracking.
Unions, representing organized labor, may be resistive to efforts of measuring and tracking individual employee performance due to several reasons. Firstly, unions prioritize collective bargaining and collective welfare over individual performance. They advocate for fair treatment, job security, and equitable compensation for all employees rather than emphasizing individual productivity. The focus on individual performance measurement may create a perception of favoritism or unfair treatment, leading to friction between management and unions.
Secondly, unions often advocate for standardized job evaluation and pay systems. They believe in equal pay for equal work and resist measures that differentiate individual employees based on performance metrics. Individual performance measurement can be seen as a threat to job security and can lead to concerns about potential layoffs or downsizing based on performance rankings.
Additionally, unions may argue that individual performance measurement fails to consider external factors that can impact employee productivity. They advocate for a holistic view of performance, taking into account systemic issues, training opportunities, and resource allocation, rather than solely focusing on individual output. Unions may argue that the work environment and managerial practices play a significant role in shaping employee performance, and therefore, a narrow focus on individual metrics may overlook these factors.
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On December 31, 2020, Salem Co. has $5,000,000 of short-term notes payable due on March 1, 2021, On Decenton 23,2020 , Salem arranged to borrow up to $4,000,000 from Ahli Bank which will be provided with an additional caah $1,000,000 and used to liquidate 55,000,000 of the short-term notes payable. If the statement of financial position issues on March 15, 2021. The ampoum of the short-term notes payable that should be excluded from current liabinties and classified as long-term liabintios on Decomber 31,2020 , is: A. $0. B. $4,000,000 C. $1,000,000 D. $5,000,000.
The amount of short-term notes payable that should be excluded from current liabilities and classified as long-term liabilities on December 31, 2020, is: C. $1,000,000
December 31, 2020, Salem Co. had $5,000,000 of short-term notes payable due on March 1, 2021. However, on December 23, 2020, they arranged to borrow up to $4,000,000 from Ahli Bank, of which $1,000,000 was provided in cash and used to liquidate 55,000,000 of the short-term notes payable.
Since the $1,000,000 borrowed from Ahli Bank is intended to repay a portion of the short-term notes payable, it should be excluded from current liabilities on December 31, 2020, and classified as a long-term liability.
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Solve the following questions using a financial calculator. Submit your answers in Excel. Show calculator inputs (ie. N, PV, etc.)
What is the NPV of $600 received for the next four years and $1,500 received at the end of the fifth year if your required return is 10%?
The Net Present Value (NPV) of receiving $600 annually for the next four years and $1,500 at the end of the fifth year, with a required return of 10%, is $1,737.07. This value indicates the present worth of the future cash flows when discounted at the given rate.
To calculate the NPV, we need to discount each cash flow to its present value and then sum them up. In Excel, we can use the NPV function. Here's how the calculations would look:
In cell A1, enter "-$600" to represent the cash inflow in each of the first four years.
In cell A6, enter "-$1,500" to represent the cash inflow in the fifth year.
In cell B1, enter "10%" to represent the required return.
In cell B2, enter "1" to represent the initial year.
In cell B3, enter "4" to represent the last year of the annual cash flows.
In cell B4, enter "5" to represent the year of the lump sum cash flow.
In cell C1, enter the formula "=NPV(B1,A1:A4)" to calculate the present value of the annual cash flows.
In cell C2, enter the formula "=C1+NPV(B1,A6)" to calculate the total present value of all cash flows.
The resulting value in cell C2 will be $1,737.07, which represents the NPV of the cash flows.
The NPV of $1,737.07 indicates that the present value of the cash inflows is higher than the initial investment. Therefore, accepting this investment opportunity would generate positive value and potentially be a favorable financial decision.
The NPV measures the profitability of an investment by considering the time value of money, discounting future cash flows to their present values. In this case, the positive NPV suggests that the investment has a higher return than the required rate of 10%, making it potentially attractive.
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Update paragraph with this information: Outside evaluators will help with conflict; were they considered? what will be used to analyzed data; what programs? tools? etc. how will the mixed methods data be analyzed?
A mixed-methods approach comprising both qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey will determine vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19 among African Americans. Outcome measures include measures of uptake, either through observations, self- reports, or vaccination records; measures of uptake intentions; and measures of vaccine hesitancy. For the quantitative data, a multi-stage sampling technique will recruit the study participants from four urban and rural communities in Louisiana. A mixed method process assessment will collect data through face-to-face interviews by conducting pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Qualitative data such as access to health facilities and providers in the community will improve the reach within the community. This data is essential for the effectiveness of the program; analyzing the data will help determine why African Americans do not have a higher vaccination uptake compared to other ethnic groups. For the Don't Miss Your Shot program, program evaluators will conduct surveys and interviews including information of the participants' medical characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, attitude, knowledge, and practice on COVID-19 preventative measures, and the intention of COVID-19 vaccine.
A mixed-methods approach, utilizing qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey, will be employed to assess vaccine hesitancy among African Americans. The study will use outcome measures such as uptake rates, intentions, and hesitancy levels, and data will be collected through face-to-face interviews and structured questionnaires.
In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of vaccine hesitancy among African Americans, a mixed-methods approach will be used, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The quantitative data will be gathered through a multi-stage sampling technique, recruiting participants from urban and rural communities in Louisiana. This will allow for a diverse representation of perspectives. The mixed methods process assessment will involve face-to-face interviews and structured questionnaires to gather qualitative data that explores factors such as access to health facilities and providers within the community. These qualitative insights will contribute to a deeper understanding of the reasons behind the lower vaccination uptake among African Americans compared to other ethnic groups.
To analyze the data collected, both qualitative and quantitative approaches will be employed. The quantitative data will be analyzed using statistical techniques, such as descriptive statistics and inferential analysis, to assess vaccination rates, intentions, and hesitancy levels among the study participants. On the other hand, the qualitative data obtained from interviews and questionnaires will be analyzed through thematic analysis, identifying recurring themes and patterns within the data. The combination of these methods will provide a more comprehensive understanding of vaccine hesitancy among African Americans, helping to inform the design and effectiveness of the Don't Miss Your Shot program.
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Consider a single manufacturer and a single supplier. Six months before demand is realized, the manufacturer has to sign a supply contract with the supplier. The sequence of events is as follows. Procurement contracts are signed in February and demand is realized during a short period of 10 weeks that starts in August.
Components are delivered from the supplier to the manufacturer at the beginning of August and the manufacturer produces items to customer orders. Thus, we can ignore any inventory holding cost. We will assume that unsold items at the end of the 10-week selling period have zero value. The objective is to identify a procurement strategy so as to maximize expected profit.
Specifically, consider a manufacturer that needs to find supply sources for electricity. The manufacturer produces and sells products to end customers at a unit price, $20, and we assume that the only contributor to the production cost is the cost of electricity. To simplify the example, we assume that a unit of electricity is required to produce a unit of finished good. The manufacturer thus has information on the distribution of the demand for electricity. More precisely, she knows that demand for electricity follows the probabilistic forecast described in the following Table.
Demand Probability
800 11%
1000 11%
1200 28%
1400 22%
1600 18%
1800 10%
Two power companies are available for supply:
Company 1 offers a fixed commitment contract with the following conditions: power is bought in advance at a price $10 per unit.
Company 2 offers an option contract with reservation price of $6 per unit paid in advance and then $6 per unit paid for each unit delivered.
What is the procurement strategy that should be used by the manufacturer? Try different reservation quantities and calculate the expected profits and compare with the first contract. Then you can discuss when would be good to use the option contract. Did you find that the option contract would be better in some scenarios but worse in other scenarios (in terms of reservation quantity)?
The procurement strategy that should be used by the manufacturer is to opt for the option contract (Company 2) rather than the fixed commitment contract (Company 1). The option contract provides greater adaptability to varying demand conditions and maximizes the expected profit for the manufacturer.
To determine the optimal procurement strategy for the manufacturer, we will compare the expected profits under different reservation quantities for the option contract and compare them with the fixed commitment contract.
Let's consider different reservation quantities and calculate the expected profits for each scenario:
Reservation Quantity: 800 units
For Company 1 (fixed commitment contract):
Expected Profit = (0.11 * (20 - 10) * 800) + (0.11 * (20 - 10) * 800) + (0.28 * (20 - 10) * 800) + (0.22 * (20 - 10) * 800) + (0.18 * (20 - 10) * 800) + (0.10 * (20 - 10) * 800)
Expected Profit = $2,640
For Company 2 (option contract):
Expected Profit = (0.11 * (20 - 6) * 800) + (0.11 * (20 - 6) * 800) + (0.28 * (20 - 6) * 800) + (0.22 * (20 - 6) * 800) + (0.18 * (20 - 6) * 800) + (0.10 * (20 - 6) * 800)
Expected Profit = $3,960
Reservation Quantity: 1000 units
For Company 1 (fixed commitment contract):
Expected Profit = (0.11 * (20 - 10) * 1000) + (0.11 * (20 - 10) * 1000) + (0.28 * (20 - 10) * 1000) + (0.22 * (20 - 10) * 1000) + (0.18 * (20 - 10) * 1000) + (0.10 * (20 - 10) * 1000)
Expected Profit = $3,300
For Company 2 (option contract):
Expected Profit = (0.11 * (20 - 6) * 1000) + (0.11 * (20 - 6) * 1000) + (0.28 * (20 - 6) * 1000) + (0.22 * (20 - 6) * 1000) + (0.18 * (20 - 6) * 1000) + (0.10 * (20 - 6) * 1000)
Expected Profit = $4,950
By comparing the expected profits for different reservation quantities, we can observe that the option contract (Company 2) yields higher profits compared to the fixed commitment contract (Company 1) for all reservation quantities considered. The option contract allows the manufacturer to adjust the quantity based on the probabilistic demand forecast, resulting in a higher expected profit.
The option contract is especially advantageous when there is uncertainty in the demand forecast. By choosing the option contract, the manufacturer can pay a reservation price upfront and then only purchase the required units based on the actual demand, avoiding excess or shortage. This flexibility leads to higher profitability in scenarios where the actual demand deviates from the forecasted values.
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1. buy call (you need a strike price and the premium that goes with it (use the last price column for the premium))
2. sell put (you need a strike price and the premium that goes with it (use the last price column for the premium))
3. covered call using the current price as the purchase price for the stock; you also need a strike price and premium for the call
4. protective put using the current price as the purchase price for the stock; you also need a strike price and premium for the put
Draw 4 graphs into Word (label everything) along with a short paragraph for each explaining the option position. Identify the strike price and premium for each of the options.
1. Buy call. A buy call option is a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy a specific stock at a predetermined price (strike price) within a specified period. The premium is the cost of the option. To provide the strike price and premium, you would need to refer to the last price column in the options market.
2. Sell put. A sell put option is a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specific stock at a predetermined price (strike price) within a specified period. The premium is the amount received for selling the option. Again, you would need to refer to the last price column for the strike price and premium.
3. Covered call. A covered call strategy involves selling a call option on a stock that the investor already owns. By doing so, the investor receives the premium for selling the call option. The current price of the stock is used as the purchase price. You would also need a strike price and premium for the call, which can be obtained from the options market.
4. Protective put. A protective put strategy involves buying a put option on a stock that the investor already owns. This put option acts as insurance against a decline in the stock price. The current price of the stock is used as the purchase price. You would also need a strike price and premium for the put, which can be obtained from the options market. Remember to consult the options market or a reliable financial platform for accurate strike prices and premiums.
About PricePrice is an exchange rate that can be equated with money or other goods for the benefits derived from an item or service for a person or group at a certain time and a certain place. The term price is used to give a financial value to a product or service. Types of Prices 1. Subjective price, namely the price set by someone's opinion or estimate. 2. The objective price (market price) is the price agreed between the buyer and the seller who sometimes makes an offer. 3. Cost of goods, namely the real value for the product.
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PARTIAL CREDIT-You must use Excel equations and functions (30 pts) Max is planning his retirement 30 years from now. He plans to save $500 each month for the next 30 years (ordinary annuity). His investment will earn 8.0 percent compounded monthly.
Max will earn 4.0 percent compounded monthly on his investment during retirement. He plans to withdraw $5,000 per month from his retirement account for 20 years and have $200,000 for his heirs at the end of the retirement period.
Unfortunately, Max's savings plan will not accomplish his goal and he must invest something today. How much must he invest today?
Saving Period
Initial Balance
Total Length 30 years
Savings amount $500 per month
Rate during Savings (APR) 8.00% APR
Retirement Period
Withdrawal Period Length 20 years
Rate during Retirement 4.00% APR
Withdrawal amount $5,000 per month
Inheritance $200,000
Max must invest an additional amount of $415,783.78 today to achieve his retirement goals.
to calculate how much max must invest today to achieve his retirement goals, we can break down the problem into several steps:
step 1: calculate the future value of max's savings during the 30-year saving period.
using the future value of an ordinary annuity formula in excel, we can calculate the total savings amount after 30 years:
=fv(rate, nper, pmt, pv, type)
=fv(8%/12, 30*12, -500, 0, 0)
result: $501,903.62
step 2: calculate the future value of max's withdrawals during the 20-year retirement period.
using the future value of an ordinary annuity formula in excel, we can calculate the total value of the withdrawals after 20 years:
=fv(rate, nper, pmt, pv, type)
=fv(4%/12, 20*12, -5000, 0, 0)
result: $615,783.78
step 3: calculate the additional investment required to reach the $200,000 inheritance goal.
to find out how much additional investment is needed to reach $200,000, we subtract the future value of withdrawals from the desired inheritance amount:
=200000 - $615,783.78
result: -$415,783.78 (negative indicates an additional investment is needed) max's savings plan, which involves saving $500 per month for 30 years with an 8.0% apr compounded monthly, results in a future value of $501,903.62 after the saving period. however, during the 20-year retirement period, with a 4.0% apr compounded monthly and $5,000 monthly withdrawals, the future value of the withdrawals amounts to $615,783.78. to make up for the shortfall and reach the desired $200,000 inheritance, max needs to invest an additional $415,783.78 today.
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Where on the statement of financial position would a company's total comprehensive income for the year be included under IFRS?
Multiple Choice
a. The entire amount will be included in Retained Earnings.
b. The entire amount will be included in Accumulated Comprehensive Income.
c. The amount will be split; Net income will be included in Retained Earnings and Other Comprehensive Income will be included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.
d. The entire amount will be included in Contributed Capital.
The correct option is c. The amount will be split; Net income will be included in Retained Earnings and Other Comprehensive Income will be included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.
Financial refers to a broad term that is again not very relevant to the question, but IFRS refers to the International Financial Reporting Standards, which is of utmost importance to understand the solution to the question.
When it comes to IFRS, it's important to note that net income (which is the profit or loss the company makes from its core business operations) is reported on the company's income statement. Whereas, comprehensive income includes all other gains and losses that the company may experience during the year, such as changes in the fair value of investment securities or foreign currency translation gains and losses.
If a company uses IFRS, it has to present comprehensive income in two sections:
Net Income which will be included in Retained Earnings. Other Comprehensive Income, which will be included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.
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Some of the inputs to this problem will change with each submission, so you will need to recompute your answer each time you resubmit.
Consider these cash flows:
Time (years)
0 : $ -16,700 (Cash Flow)
1 : 9,700 (Cash Flow)
2 : 7,988 (Cash Flow)
3 : 4,300 (Cash Flow)
What is the BCR (profitability index) for the set of cash flows if rocc is 10 percent? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
BCR (profitability index) for the set of cash flows if rocc is 10% is 1.10. To compute the BCR (profitability index), we must first compute the present value of future cash flows using the following formula: Present value = Cash Flow / (1 + rocc) t
where, Cash Flow = cash inflow or outflow during the time period t = time period in which cash flow occurs rocc = cost of capital or required rate of return The present value of cash inflows can be calculated using the above formula and then these values can be used to calculate the BCR (profitability index). Here is the calculation :Time (years) Cash Flow Present Value (at 10%)0 -16,700 -16,700.001 9,700 8,818.1818 (9,700/(1+10%)^1)2 7,988 6,447.93 (7,988/(1+10%)^2)3 4,300 3,168.56 (4,300/(1+10%)^3)Total Present Value: $1,737.68BCR (Profitability Index) = PV of future cash flows / Initial investment= $1,737.68 / $16,700= 1.10 (rounded to two decimal places)Therefore, BCR (profitability index) for the set of cash flows if rocc is 10% is 1.10.
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