The smallest separation in terms of nm between two slits that will produce a second-order maximum for 652 nm visible light is 1.30 um
Since the relationship between wavelength and angle for minima and maxima in Young's double slit experiment is:
For constructive interference
d sinθ = n
for Destructive interference
d sinθ = (n+1/2)λ, where λ is the wavelength, n is the order of maxima and minima, Since here n = 2
So the separation, λ = 652 nm , and θ = 90
so, d sin90 = 2*652*10⁻⁹
=> d= 2*652*10⁻⁹/ sin90
= 1.30 X10⁻⁶
= 1.30 цm
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A car moves at a velocity of 8.5m/s. It then accelerates at a constant rage of 2.5m/s/s for a total time of 5 second. How fast is the car moving at the end of the 5 second
The car would be moving with a velocity of 21 m/s at the end of the five seconds.
We know that the first equation of motion is ⇒ v = u + at (i)
Here, the car moves with an initial velocity, u = 8.5 m/s (ii)
The car accelerates at a constant rate, a = 2.5 m/s² (iii)
The total time during this process, t = 5 seconds (iv)
Putting the values of the initial velocity, acceleration, and time (ii, iii, and iv) in equation (i), we get ⇒ v = 8.5 + (2.5)(5)
v = 21 m/s
Therefore, the car moves with a final velocity of 21 m/s at the end of the five seconds.
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explain why spraying and asphalt road with water will make it easier to walk across and bare feet on a hot sunny day
Spraying an asphalt road with water will make it easier to walk across and bare feet on a hot sunny day because it has a high specific heat capacity.
What is Specific heat capacity?This is referred to as the amount of heat which is required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount.
Water as a compound has a very high specific heat capacity which means that it needs a high amount of heat for the temperature to change. This therefore means that when the water is sprayed on the surface, the road doesn't become too hot and can be walked on with the barefoot which makes it the correct reason.
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which one of the following statements is true concerning a magnifying glass? group of answer choices the object must be placed outside the focal point of the lens. it produces an inverted image. it produces a virtual image. the image distance will be less than the object distance. it can be made from a diverging lens.
The statements is true concerning a magnifying glass is it produces a virtual image.
A virtual image is what exactly?A divergent lens or a convex mirror are used to create a virtual image. Finding a virtual image involves tracking actual rays that leave an optical tool back to their observed or apparent sources. A virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen because the rays never truly converge.
The mirror reflection is the best illustration of a virtual image. Real images are made when rays connect, but virtual images are made when rays diverge. On a screen, real images can be projected but virtual ones cannot. Two opposing lenses, concave and convex, are used to create real images.
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What type of mirror is being used in the image?
A. Plane
B. Concave
C. Convex
Answer:
b) Concave mirror
Explanation:
The type of mirror being used in the image is concave mirror. Dentist always use concave mirror to see patient's teeth. Hence, the option (b) is correct answer.
Answer: b or
✔ concave
Explanation:
For a force to do work on an object, some of the force must act in the________________
as the object moves.
Answer:
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What is the condition for a force to do work on a body ?
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What is the condition for a force to do work on a body ?
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Solution
The condition of force to do some work is that the force should be along the direction of displacement.
work is done when the object moves through a certain distance in a particular direction after the force had been applied on it.
Work Done = Force x Distance x Cos theta
For work to be done, the force must be applied and must not be zero.
The body on which the force is applied must move in one direction or the other and hence the S must not be zero.
The force must not be applied at 90 degrees angle upon the object as Cos 90 equals zero.
to calculate the velocity of a wave, you need to know a the number of crests that pass and the time taken. b the distance from one crest to the next. c the distance traveled by a wave crest and the time taken. d the time taken for a wave crest to pass. e the wavelength and the distance traveled by a wave crest.
The answer to this question is c : the distance traveled by a wave crest and the time taken
As velocity is given as
velocity = Distance/ time
Further there is another way,
The wave's velocity equals the product of its wavelength and frequency (number of vibrations per second) and is independent of its intensity.
The formula is shown below:
v = f×λ
Where,
Wave speed in m/s
Frequency in Hz
Wavelength in m
Hence, the formula for calculating wave velocity is f× λ.
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describe the rotation curve of the milky way galaxy and contrast its shape with that of the solar sysstem
Compared to the orbital speeds of the planets in our solar system, the Milky Way Galaxy's rotation curve is far more flat and steady. While there is less mass as we get farther from the sun in our solar system.
The orbital speed of an astronomical body or object (such as a planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) in gravitational bound systems is its speed relative to the most massive body's centre of mass, or the barycenter, if one body is significantly more massive than the other bodies in the system put together.
The phrase can be used to describe either the mean orbital speed (i.e., the speed throughout the course of an orbit) or its instantaneous speed at a specific location in the orbit. For objects in closed orbits, the maximum (instantaneous) speed occurs at periapsis (perigee, perihelion, etc.), whereas the smallest speed occurs at apoapsis (apogee, aphelion, etc.). When two-body systems are perfect, things An astronomical body or object (such as a planet, moon, man-made satellite, spacecraft, or star) moves through space at a certain speed called its orbital speed in gravitational bound systems.
When a system closely resembles a two-body system, the object's specific orbital energy, also known as "total energy," and its distance from the central body can be used to calculate the object's instantaneous orbital speed at a specific point in the orbit. Independent of position, the specific orbital energy is constant.
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two long parallel wires, each of radius , whose centers are a distance apart carry equal currents in opposite directions. what is the self-inductance of a length of such a pair of wires? you may neglect the flux within the wires themselves.
The self inductance of a length of such a pair of wires is
[tex]\frac{\mu_0}{\pi} \ln \left(\frac{d-a}{a}\right)[/tex]
How to calculate the self-inductance of a length of such a pair of wires?Finding the magnetic field's constant current I and variable radius r due to one of the wires using Ampere's law
[tex]$\mu_0 I=\oint \vec{B} \cdot \vec{d} \mathrm{l}$[/tex]
[tex]$\begin{aligned} &=\int_0^{2 \pi} \mathrm{Br} d \theta \\ \mathrm{I} &=\mathrm{B}(2 \pi \mathrm{r}) \\ \mathrm{B} &=\frac{\mu_0 \mathrm{I}}{2 \pi \mathrm{r}} \end{aligned}$[/tex]
Keep in mind that one of the wires will generate the total magnetic flux () twice as much due to the setup's symmetry. The relationship between self inductance and flux is then maintained.
[tex]\begin{aligned}&\phi_{\text {total }}=2 \int_{\mathrm{A}} \overrightarrow{\mathrm{B}} \cdot \overrightarrow{\mathrm{dA}} \\&=2 \int_{\mathrm{a}}^{\mathrm{d}-\mathrm{a}}\left(\frac{\mu_0 \mathrm{I}}{2 \pi \mathrm{r}}\right) 1 \mathrm{dr}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Фtotal = [tex]$\frac{\mu_0 I l}{\pi} \ln \left(\frac{d-a}{a}\right)$[/tex]
Inductance, L=[tex]\frac{\phi_{\text {total }}}{\mathrm{I}}=\frac{\mu_0 1}{\pi} \ln \left(\frac{\mathrm{d}-\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{a}}\right)[/tex]
Inductance per unit length Фtotal =[tex]\frac{\mu_0}{\pi} \ln \left(\frac{d-a}{a}\right)[/tex]
Therefore the self-inductance of a length of such a pair of wires is [tex]=\frac{\mu_0}{\pi} \ln \left(\frac{d-a}{a}\right)[/tex]
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9-3 is it possible for a small force to produce a larger impulse on a given object than a large force? explain.
It is possible for a smaller force with a longer time to be stronger than a larger force with a shorter time since impulse equals force x time.
Is it possible for a small force to produce a larger impulse?Yes, since impulse is defined as the product of the applied force and the applied time (J=Ft J = F t), a smaller force acting over a longer period of time may produce a larger impulse than a larger force acting over a shorter period of time. Force times time equals impulse.In comparison to a bigger force that acts over a much shorter period of time, a tiny force acting over a long period of time can easily produce more impulse (change in momentum). An object's momentum is a function of its mass times its velocity.An item can be propelled at the same speed by a tiny force applied over a long time as it can by a high force applied quickly.To learn more about larger impulse refer
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a galilean telescope adjusted for a relaxed eye is 36.2 cm long. if the objective lens has a focal length of 39.0 cm , what is the magnification? follow the sign conventions.
The magnification of a Galilean telescope adjusted for a relaxed eye is 36.2 cm long is 0.2838 or 28%.
To calculate the magnification of a Galilean telescope, we must first know the focal length of the objective lens. The focal length of a lens is found by dividing its distance from the object by its distance from the image. In this case, we are looking for 39 cm, so we can calculate that the focal length is 40.0 cm/39 cm = 1.03.
Now we have all of our information. Using our equation for magnification (M=f-o/f), we can find that
M=1.03-36.2/39
= 0.2838 or 28%.
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What is the minimum number of data points needed to use matrices to find an equation for a circle.
To find the equation of a circle using matrices, we need at least 3 data points.
The general equation for a circle is given by:
x² + y² + Cx + Dy + E = 0
There are 3 constants in the above equation, C, D, and E. Hence, we need 3 independent equations in order to get unique solution for C, D, and E.
To get 3 equations, we need minimum 3 data points.
Let the data points be: (x₁, y₁) , (x₂, y₂), and (x₃, y₃)
Substitute each data point into the general equation:
x₁² + y₁² + Cx₁ + Dy₁ + E = 0
x₂² + y₂² + Cx₂ + Dy₂ + E = 0
x₃² + y₃² + Cx₃ + Dy₃ + E = 0
The matrix form can be written as:
| x₁ y₁ 1 | | C | | x₁² + y₁² |
| x₁ y₁ 1 | | D | = - | x₂² + y₂² |
| x₁ y₁ 1 | | E | | x₃² + y₃² |
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if the average speed of a helium atom at a certain temperature is 1110 m/s, what is the speed in miles per hour? (1 mi
Answer:
About 2483 miles per hour.
Explanation:
Check out the image.
what is the fundamental resolution limit (diffraction limit) for a telescope with a mirror that is 30 meters in diameter at a wavelength of 500 nanometers (green light)? give your answer in degrees or radians.
By using Rayleigh criterion principle, we can calculate the Fundamental resolution limit would be 20.33 x [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] radians
The Rayleigh criterion for the diffraction limit to resolution states that two images are just resolvable when the center of the diffraction pattern of one is directly over the first minimum of the diffraction pattern of the other.
According to the Rayleigh criterion principle, we have
Ф = 1.22 λ/D
where Ф is the resolution limit in radians
λ = wavelength of the light
D = diameter of the lens or the telescope
putting the appropriate values, we get
Ф = 1.22 x 500 x [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] / 30
Ф = 20.33 x [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] radians
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true or false? - A ball is moving upwards and to the left. A net force that points upwards and to the left must be acting on the ball.
Answer:
false is the answer . in my point of view
5.00-kg box slides 5.00 m across the floor before coming to rest. what is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the floor and the box if the box had an initial speed of 3
The coefficient of kinetic friction among the floor and the field is 0.092.
Friction is a form of touch force. It exists among the surfaces which might be in touch. The frictional pressure depends at the person of the surface in touch. The rougher the ground, the greater the friction is worried. The frictional force is proportional to the pressing pressure, it's the load of the frame. it is independent of the region of the contact.
Calculation:-
mass = 5 kg
distance travelled = 5 m
initial speed = 3 m/s
v² = u² -2as
a = u²/2s
= 3²/2 × 5
= 0.9 m/s²
F = μkN
ma = μkmg
5×0.9 = μk 5 ×9.8
μk = 4.5/49
= 0.092
Friction is the force resisting the relative movement of strong surfaces, fluid layers, and material factors sliding in opposition to every different. There are numerous forms of friction: Dry friction is a strain that opposes the relative lateral motion of two strong surfaces in touch.
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Can you make connections to how we can maximise the energy we receive from light using the principles learnt?
The energy from the sun can be maximized by the use of a photocell.
How can we maximize the energy from the sun?
We know that energy is the ability to do work. The only source y which energy can be able to enter into the ecosystem is by the energy that comes from the sun. It is the plants that are able to access this energy that comes from the sun and are able to convert it into the form that could be used by living things.
Humans can access the energy that is produced by the sun and then use it to be able to power some devices. This is the origin of the photocells and is a good way to put the solar energy to good use.
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What is the phase angle between the voltages of the inductor and capacitor in a rlc series circuit?.
The phase angle between the voltages of the inductor and capacitor in a RLC series circuit is 180 degrees.
RLC circuit contains resistor , capacitor and inductor. Resistor doesn't store energy but capacitor and inductor stores energy and that is the reason resistor is called a passive element and inductor and capacitors are called active element.
Inductor leads the current by a phase angle of 90 degrees and the voltage across the capacitor lags the current by 90 degrees, so the phase difference between the voltages of the inductor and the capacitor is 180 degrees in an LCR circuit.
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joey is riding in an elevator which is accelerating upwards at 2.0 m/s2. The elevator weighs 300.0 kg, and Joey weighs 60.0 kg. What is the tension in the cable that pulls the elevator upwards?
The tension in the cable is 4248 N.
what is tension?The force transmitted through a rope, string, or wire when two opposing forces pull on it is known as tension. The tension force pulls energy equally on the bodies at the ends and is applied along the entire length of the wire.
Given parameters:
Weighs of the elevator, M = 300.0 kg.
weighs of Joey, m = 60.0 kg.
Upward acceleration of the elevator, a = 2.0 m/s².
And, acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 m/s².
So, net tension in the cable, T = (M + m)g + (M + m)a
= ( 300.0 + 60.0 ) × 9.8 N + (300.0 +60.0 )× 2.0 N
= 4248 N.
Hence, the tension in the cable that pulls the elevator upwards is 4248 N.
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brown dwarf surface temperatures average around 1000k. what type of telescope should you use? i.e. what wavelength range should it operate at to have the best chance of detecting these types of stars? explain your reasoning clearly and show your work.
To explore Brown Dwarf, we'll utilize an infrared telescope.
Scientists can determine which galaxies are forming stars and where the stars are forming within those galaxies by observing ultraviolet light.
Brown dwarf detection: how do they work?Brown dwarfs, according to McLean, "are so elusive and difficult to find." They are most easily identified in the infrared, but even there, they are quite challenging to find. These flimsy items emit a heat glow that we can see in the infrared.
The wavelengths of light waves range from roughly 400 to 700 nanometers (4,000 to 7,000 angstroms). Different light wavelengths are seen by our eyes as the colors of the rainbow.
Since fusion becomes feasible at a temperature of roughly 3 million degrees, brown dwarf core temperatures must be below this level. temperatures at the surface are 1,000 degrees Kelvin or less.
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simple telescope could be made with the two converging lenses from parts 2 and 3 of this experiment. using your experimentally determined focal lengths of these two lenses what would be the magnification of this telescope? 7
The magnification of this telescope is 12.
Solution:
F = 1200 mm = 120 cm
f = 32mm, 25mm, 14 mm, 10mm
M = F/f 120/ = 3.75
M = 120/25 = 4.8
M = 120/14 = 8.57
M = 120/10 = 12.
Magnification ratio means that the ratio of subject size on the sensor plane is greater than or equal to the actual size of the subject. This allows macro lenses to capture very sharp close-ups of insects, etc. The magnification produced by a lens is equal to the ratio of image distance to object distance. Total magnification In a compound microscope the total magnification is the product of the objective and ocular lenses.
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How does a white dwarf differ from a neutron star? how does each form? what keeps each from collapsing under its own weight?.
An electron degenerate object is a white dwarf, whereas a neutron star is a neutron degenerate object. A white dwarf is less compact and has a larger radius than a neutron star.
How is a white dwarf transformed into a neutron star?A white dwarf would collapse into a denser entity known as a neutron star if it reached the Chandrasekhar limit and nuclear reactions were to stop. This would happen if nuclear reactions continued to occur.
How is a white dwarf prevented from exploding into a neutron star?White dwarf stars are prevented from collapsing by the fact that electrons are fermions, while neutron stars are prevented from collapsing by the fact that electrons are fermions.
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light bulbs produce useful energy in the form of light and waste energy in the form of heat. what kind of light bulb would you use to incubate eggs?(1 point)
To incubate the eggs, we need to use a low-efficiency light bulb because it will produce more heat.
The working light bulb in the incubator is when it turned on the machine the bulb lit up and the box got hot. When the temperature reaches 38 degrees Celsius, the sensor triggers the temperature controller to turn off the bulb. Therefore, the temperature of the box was kept up to a certain limit. Humidity in the box was maintained by a jar filled with water. Water was added daily to keep the humidity between 60% and 90%. Eggs were rotated twice daily to ensure that all sides of the eggs were hatched. This buildup was monitored for up to 22 days.
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an american traveler in new zealand carries a transformer to convert new zealand's standard 230 v to 120 v so that she can use some small appliances on her trip. what is the ratio of turns in the primary and secondary coils of her transformer?
The ratio of turns in the primary and secondary coils of her transformer is 1.916
Primary voltage = 230v
secondary voltage = 120v
The ratio of turns in primary and secondary coils of transformer is given by,
Np/Ns = 230/120
= 1.916
Transformer: a piece of equipment used to increase or decrease voltage while transferring electrical energy from one alternating-current circuit to another or several circuits. Transformers are used for a wide range of tasks, including lowering the voltage of traditional power circuits to operate low-voltage appliances like doorbells and toy electric trains and raising the voltage of electric generators to enable long-distance transmission of electrical power.
Transformers alter voltage using electromagnetic induction, which means that current is induced in a second coil known as the secondary as the magnetic lines of force (flux lines) build up and collapse with changes in current travelling through the primary coil. To determine the secondary voltage, multiply the primary voltage by the number-to-number ratio. Transformers are devices that convert electrical energy from a single alternating-current turn in the secondary coil to the number of turns in the main coil, a measurement known as the turns ratio.
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To become familiar with the order of magnitude of magnetic effects, consider the situation in a television cathode ray tube (not a flat-panel TV). In order to bend the electron trajectory so that the electron hits the top of the screen rather than going straight through to the center of the screen, you need a radius of curvature in the magnetic field of about 20cm20cm (Figure 20.95 ). If the electrons are accelerated through a 15,000 VV potential difference, they have a speed of 0.7×108m/s0.7×108m/s Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field required to make the electrons hit the top of the screen. Is the magnetic field into or out of the page?
4.1510^-3 tesla the magnitude of the magnetic field required to make the electrons hit the top of the screen
v=0.7×10^8m/s
q=1.6×10^-19 C
B= ?
Voltage= 15,00 V
r= 20cm= 0.2 m
r=mVqB
B=mv/qr
B=4.1510^-3 tesla
To observe magnetic forces, one can utilize a magnetic field, an electric current, a changing electric field, or a vector field surrounding a magnet. Magnetic compass needles and other permanent magnets point in the general direction of magnetic fields resembling those on Earth. Electrically charged particles move in a helical or circular pattern in magnetic fields. Electric motors operate on this force, which is applied to electric currents in wires in a magnetic field.
Magnetic fields can be visualized as continuous lines of force or magnetic flux that travel from south to north magnetic poles. The lines' density reveals the magnetic field's strength. One or more of a magnet's poles are
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the radius of the earth is rrr . at what distance above the earth's surface will the acceleration of gravity be 4.9 m/s2? the radius of the earth is . at what distance above the earth's surface will the acceleration of gravity be 4.9 m/s2? 0.41 rrr 1.4 rrr 2.0 rrr 0.50 rrr 1.0 rrr
The correct answer is 0.41 R. Option A.
Solution:
We have given acceleration due to gravity at any height is new = 4.9m/sec²
The radius of the earth = r
We know that acceleration due to gravity at any height is given by
g¹ = GM/(R + h)²...eqn 1
And acceleration due to gravity at the earth g = GM/R²...eqn2
Dividing eqn 2 by eqn 1
g/g¹ = (r+h)²/r²
9.8/4.9 = (r+h)²/r²
2r² = (r+h)²
[tex]\sqrt{2r}[/tex] = h+r
h = 0.41r
Gravitational acceleration decreases as one moves deeper into the earth, reaching zero at the center of the earth. Similarly, the gravitational force is said to decrease with distance from the Earth's surface and become zero at infinity.
The projectile's instantaneous velocity at maximum altitude is zero. Gravity gives the ball the same acceleration when it rises as it does when it descends so the time to reach the maximum height is the same as the time to return to the starting position. increase.
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two objects attract each other with a gravitational force of magnitude 1.01 10-8 n when separated by 20.1 cm. if the total mass of the two objects is 5.03 kg, what is the mass of each?
Mass of to object is 3 kg and 2 kg.
What is Gravitational force?
In mechanics, gravity, often known as gravitation, is the universal force of attraction that acts between all matter. It is by far the weakest known natural force and so has no effect on the internal properties of ordinary stuff. Due to its long reach and ubiquitous action, it influences the trajectories of bodies in the solar system and elsewhere in the universe, as well as the architecture and evolution of stars, galaxies, and the entire cosmos. The weight, or downward force of gravity, exerted by the Earth's mass on all bodies on Earth is proportional to their mass. The acceleration that freely falling objects experience is used to calculate gravity.
F =G(m1m2/r2)
m1m2 = [(1.00 X 10-8N)(20*10-2m)2]
/[6.67*10-11Nm2/kg2]
Now
m1-m2 =[(m1+m2)2-4m1m2] =[(5kg)2-4(6kg2)] =(1kg2) = 1kg 2m1 =
(m1+m2)+(m1-m2) = 5kg + 1kg =6kg
m1 = 3kg, m2 = 5kg,
and
m2 = 5kg - 3kg = 2kg
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A coin has a mass of 7.0g. It is made of a metal alloy of density 5.6g/cm cube. Calculate the volume of the coin.
Answer:
1.25 cm³
Explanation:
Datam = 7.0 g
d = 5.6 g/cm³
v = ?
CalculationUsing,
[tex] d \: = \frac{m}{v} [/tex]
[tex]v = \frac{m}{d} [/tex]
[tex]v = \frac{7}{5.6} [/tex]
[tex]v = 1.25 \: c {m}^{3} [/tex]
the sum of all the underlying causes can push a slope to the brink of failure, and then an immediate cause may trigger the movement. triggers for mass movements include:
For mass movements, gravity is the primary driving force. A trigger is frequently present in mass-wasting occurrences.
It could be caused by human operations like grading a new road, quake shaking, super volcano, storm waves, or storm-related waves. Mass-wasting is most frequently caused by an increase in water content in the slope. Rapidly dissolving snow or ice, as well as a heavy downpour, can cause the water content to rise. The force of gravity pulls everything towards to the Earth’s centre from every point on its surface. Gravity pulls downward on a level surface that is also parallel to the surface of the Earth. The stability of the consolidated and poorly consolidated earth materials can be compromised by gravity, increasing moisture content, and seismic events. The earth material slides down slope due to the compromised stability, a process known as mass wasting.
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An astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. How does the angle between the just-resolvable light from two stars differ if the average light from the stars is red or if it is blue?.
The angle of just resolution light from two stars is greater if the light of the average star is red or if it is blue.
The formula to find the aperture of the telescope
D = 1.22λ/dФ
Limits of resolution:
The limit of resolution is a measure of the ability of the objective lens to separate in the image adjacent details that are present in the object.
There is diffract in the light when it passed through space and gets bent around obstacles. Diffraction grants disperse light according to wavelength, for example, it can be used to produce spectra.
Therefore an astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. The angle is greater if the light of the average stars is red or if it is blue.
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when a 20.6 v battery is connected to a resistor with resistance 68.1 ohms, the voltage across the battery drops to 18.8 v. what is the internal resistance (in ohms) of the battery?
The internal resistance of the battery is 5.686ohms.
How much resistance does the battery interior have?A battery's internal resistance (IR) is characterized as the resistance to current flow inside the battery. The internal resistance of a battery is primarily affected by two factors: electrical resistance.
The main causes of the increase in internal resistance with lead acid are sulfation and grid corrosion. Temperature has an impact on resistance as well; heat reduces it and cold increases it. An increase in runtime can be achieved by briefly lowering the internal resistance of the battery
The formula below is used to determine the battery's internal resistance.
(V/R)r = V'
Make r the equation's subject.
r = V'R/V
Given:
V = 68.1 V
R = 20.6 ohms
V' = 18.8 V
r = (18.8×20.6)/68.1
r = 387.28/68.1
r = 5.686ohms.
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